{"pageNumber":"3792","pageRowStart":"94775","pageSize":"25","recordCount":185258,"records":[{"id":1003394,"text":"1003394 - 1996 - A new distributional record of Notropis topeka (Teleostei: Cypriniformes) from the Mississippi River drainage in Missouri","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:15","indexId":"1003394","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3636,"text":"Transactions of the Missouri Academy of Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A new distributional record of Notropis topeka (Teleostei: Cypriniformes) from the Mississippi River drainage in Missouri","docAbstract":"Abstract has not been submitted","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the Missouri Academy of Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Hrabik, R., 1996, A new distributional record of Notropis topeka (Teleostei: Cypriniformes) from the Mississippi River drainage in Missouri: Transactions of the Missouri Academy of Science, v. 30, p. 1-5.","productDescription":"pp. 1-5","startPage":"1","endPage":"5","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130373,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b20e4b07f02db6abd91","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hrabik, R.A.","contributorId":41374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hrabik","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70134338,"text":"70134338 - 1996 - Sedimentary processes in the salt deformation province of the Texas-Louisiana continental slope","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-30T16:12:32.996124","indexId":"70134338","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"7","title":"Sedimentary processes in the salt deformation province of the Texas-Louisiana continental slope","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geology of the United States seafloor: the view from GLORIA","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","usgsCitation":"Twichell, D.C., and Delorey, C.M., 1996, Sedimentary processes in the salt deformation province of the Texas-Louisiana continental slope, chap. 7 <i>of</i> Geology of the United States seafloor: the view from GLORIA, p. 109-122.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"109","endPage":"122","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296305,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana, Texas","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -97.15750332098128,\n              25.96554245574832\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.12773500896185,\n              26.3365793530145\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.80968443811399,\n              28.384749241863318\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.34130948243421,\n              30.245555275182028\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.86783608603608,\n              30.10733553040312\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.4879462431283,\n              29.37857317723642\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.98201373361934,\n              29.483785206735874\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.15992907447765,\n              29.07767255186286\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.22222635595426,\n              29.75338023589974\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.13737658970814,\n              29.709228611308063\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.89890225003154,\n              29.68647918176184\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.59255028928123,\n              28.761921287125958\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.62714780615195,\n              28.500481052100383\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.50529680379839,\n              27.50069203802944\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.15750332098128,\n              25.96554245574832\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5475a841e4b082506142050d","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Gardner, James V.","contributorId":61769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gardner","given":"James V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":525915,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Field, Michael E. mfield@usgs.gov","contributorId":2101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Field","given":"Michael","email":"mfield@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":525916,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Twichell, David C.","contributorId":37730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twichell","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":525917,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Twichell, David C.","contributorId":37730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twichell","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":525913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Delorey, Catherine M.","contributorId":33976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Delorey","given":"Catherine","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":525914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70018439,"text":"70018439 - 1996 - Microbial degradation of hydrochlorofluorocarbons (CHCl2F and CHCl2CF3) in soils and sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-17T18:28:48.907774","indexId":"70018439","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":850,"text":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Microbial degradation of hydrochlorofluorocarbons (CHCl<sub>2</sub>F and CHCl<sub>2</sub>CF<sub>3</sub>) in soils and sediments","title":"Microbial degradation of hydrochlorofluorocarbons (CHCl2F and CHCl2CF3) in soils and sediments","docAbstract":"The ability of microorganisms to degrade trace levels of the hydrochlorofluorocarbons HCFC-21 and HCFC-123 was investigated. Methanotroph- linked oxidation of HCFC-21 was observed in aerobic soils, and anaerobic degradation of HCFC-21 occurred in freshwater and salt marsh sediments. Microbial degradation of HCFC-123 was observed in anoxic freshwater and salt marsh sediments, and the recovery of 1,1,1-trifluoro-2-chloroethane indicated the involvement of reductive dechlorination. No degradation of HCFC-123 was observed in aerobic soils. In same experiments, HCFCs were degraded at low (parts per billion) concentrations, raising the possibility that bacteria in nature remove HCFCs from the atmosphere.","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/aem.62.5.1818-1821.1996","issn":"00992240","usgsCitation":"Oremland, R., Lonergan, D., Culbertson, C., and Lovley, D.R., 1996, Microbial degradation of hydrochlorofluorocarbons (CHCl2F and CHCl2CF3) in soils and sediments: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 62, no. 5, p. 1818-1821, https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.62.5.1818-1821.1996.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1818","endPage":"1821","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":479151,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.62.5.1818-1821.1996","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":227473,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"62","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a564be4b0c8380cd6d4b3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Oremland, R.S.","contributorId":97512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oremland","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lonergan, D.J.","contributorId":86110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lonergan","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Culbertson, C.W.","contributorId":40326,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Culbertson","given":"C.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lovley, Derek R.","contributorId":107852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lovley","given":"Derek","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":1003521,"text":"1003521 - 1996 - Recovery of macroinvertebrates by screening in the field: a comparison between coarse (1.18 mm) and fine (0.60 mm) mesh sieves","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-10T23:28:00.215401","indexId":"1003521","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2299,"text":"Journal of Freshwater Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Recovery of macroinvertebrates by screening in the field: a comparison between coarse (1.18 mm) and fine (0.60 mm) mesh sieves","docAbstract":"<div class=\"hlFld-Abstract\"><p class=\"last\">We evaluated the potential loss of target benthic macroinvertebrates from coarse-mesh field wash down of samples through a 1.18-mm mesh sieve nested on a 0.60-mm mesh sieve. Visible target organisms (midges, mayflies, and fingernail clams) in the 1.18-mm mesh sieve were removed from the sample and enumerated in the field. The entire contents of both sieves were preserved for subsequent laboratory enumeration under 4X magnification. Percent recoveries from each treatment were based on total intact organisms found in all sieves. Percent recovery for fingernail clams found in the field (31%) was lower than for mayflies (79%) and midges (88%). Laboratory enumeration of organisms retained by the 1.18-mm sieve yielded additional fingernail clams (to total 74% recovered in the field and lab), mayflies (to total 89%), and midges (to total 91%). If the 1.18-mm sieve is used alone in the field, it is adequate to monitor mayflies, midges &gt;1 cm, and adult fingernail clams ≥5.0 mm shell length.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor and Francis","doi":"10.1080/02705060.1996.9663494","usgsCitation":"Dukerschein, J., Gent, R., and Sauer, J., 1996, Recovery of macroinvertebrates by screening in the field: a comparison between coarse (1.18 mm) and fine (0.60 mm) mesh sieves: Journal of Freshwater Ecology, v. 11, no. 1, p. 61-65, https://doi.org/10.1080/02705060.1996.9663494.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"61","endPage":"65","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129955,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a60e4b07f02db63545d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dukerschein, J.T.","contributorId":56501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dukerschein","given":"J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gent, R.","contributorId":38414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gent","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sauer, J.","contributorId":29771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauer","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1008017,"text":"1008017 - 1996 - Natural history notes: Ambystoma californiense (California tiger salamander). Burrowing ability","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:25","indexId":"1008017","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1898,"text":"Herpetological Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Natural history notes: Ambystoma californiense (California tiger salamander). Burrowing ability","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Herpetological Review","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Jennings, M., 1996, Natural history notes: Ambystoma californiense (California tiger salamander). Burrowing ability: Herpetological Review, v. 27, no. 4.","productDescription":"p. 194","startPage":"194","numberOfPages":"194","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130924,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db698177","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jennings, M.R.","contributorId":18296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jennings","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70134347,"text":"70134347 - 1996 - Gull of Mexico and Caribbean EEZ: Part III","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-30T18:52:26","indexId":"70134347","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Gull of Mexico and Caribbean EEZ: Part III","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geology of the United States seafloor: the view from GLORIA","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","usgsCitation":"Twichell, D.C., Scanlon, K.M., and Dillon, W.P., 1996, Gull of Mexico and Caribbean EEZ: Part III, chap. <i>of</i> Geology of the United States seafloor: the view from GLORIA, p. 81-84.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"81","endPage":"84","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296307,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5475a834e4b08250614204d8","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Gardner, James V.","contributorId":61769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gardner","given":"James V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":525929,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Field, Michael E. mfield@usgs.gov","contributorId":2101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Field","given":"Michael","email":"mfield@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":525930,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Twichell, David C.","contributorId":37730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twichell","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":525931,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Twichell, David C.","contributorId":37730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twichell","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":525926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scanlon, Kathryn M.","contributorId":6816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scanlon","given":"Kathryn","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":525927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dillon, William P. bdillon@usgs.gov","contributorId":79820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dillon","given":"William","email":"bdillon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":525928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1008410,"text":"1008410 - 1996 - Use of terrestrial habitats by amphibians in the sandhill uplands of north-central Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:25","indexId":"1008410","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":697,"text":"Alytes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of terrestrial habitats by amphibians in the sandhill uplands of north-central Florida","docAbstract":"Abstract not supplied at this time","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Alytes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Dodd, C., 1996, Use of terrestrial habitats by amphibians in the sandhill uplands of north-central Florida: Alytes, v. 14, p. 42-52.","productDescription":"p. 42-52","startPage":"42","endPage":"52","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130836,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adae4b07f02db68576d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dodd, C.K. Jr.","contributorId":86286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dodd","given":"C.K.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1001137,"text":"1001137 - 1996 - Using candlers to determine the incubation stage of passerine eggs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-02T13:15:25","indexId":"1001137","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2284,"text":"Journal of Field Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using candlers to determine the incubation stage of passerine eggs","docAbstract":"Determining the incubation stage of bird eggs can provide important information to investigators conducting nesting studies. We describe the use of candlers in the field to determine the incubation stage in eggs of Lark Buntings (Calamospiza melanocorys) and other small birds with an incubation period of 11-13 d. Candling was accomplished easily using simple tools and did not involve the destruction of eggs or lengthy disturbance of nests. Candling is often preferable to other methods that rely on egg mass, mass-growth curves, or immersion of eggs in water.","language":"English","publisher":"Association of Field Ornithologists","usgsCitation":"Lokemoen, J.T., and Koford, R.R., 1996, Using candlers to determine the incubation stage of passerine eggs: Journal of Field Ornithology, v. 67, no. 4, p. 660-668.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"660","endPage":"668","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":128607,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10990,"rank":200,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/4514170"}],"volume":"67","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a16e4b07f02db603c91","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lokemoen, John T.","contributorId":15555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lokemoen","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Koford, Rolf R.","contributorId":16347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koford","given":"Rolf","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1003581,"text":"1003581 - 1996 - Quarterly Wildlife Mortality Report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-26T14:39:05","indexId":"1003581","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3499,"text":"Supplement to the Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quarterly Wildlife Mortality Report","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Supplement to the Journal of Wildlife Diseases","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Kidd, G., 1996, Quarterly Wildlife Mortality Report: Supplement to the Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 32, no. 2, 3 p.","productDescription":"3 p.","numberOfPages":"3","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131135,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -180.17578125,\n              17.14079039331665\n            ],\n            [\n              -180.17578125,\n              72.71190310803662\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.7421875,\n              72.71190310803662\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.7421875,\n              17.14079039331665\n            ],\n            [\n              -180.17578125,\n              17.14079039331665\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"32","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a82e4b07f02db64ab81","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kidd, G.","contributorId":91440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kidd","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1003624,"text":"1003624 - 1996 - Avian tick paralysis caused by Ixodes brunneus in the southeastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-23T15:22:13","indexId":"1003624","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Avian tick paralysis caused by Ixodes brunneus in the southeastern United States","docAbstract":"<p><span>Between 1988 and 1994, 16 definitive and 26 presumptive cases of tick paralysis were diagnosed in 10 species of birds from five southeastern states in the USA. All birds had engorged adult female&nbsp;</span><i>Ixodes brunneus</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>ticks on the head region and were partially paralyzed or dead. Cases occurred in the winter and early spring months, and most birds were passerines found in private yards or near feeders. All stages of<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>I. brunneus</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>feed exclusively on birds, and this species previously has been associated with avian tick paralysis. Little is known concerning the life cycle of this ixodid tick and its impact on wild bird populations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/0090-3558-32.1.133","usgsCitation":"Luttrell, M., Creekmore, L.H., and Mertins, J., 1996, Avian tick paralysis caused by Ixodes brunneus in the southeastern United States: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 32, no. 1, p. 133-136, https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-32.1.133.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"133","endPage":"136","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479075,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-32.1.133","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":134231,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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,{"id":1004102,"text":"1004102 - 1996 - Quarterly Wildlife Mortality Report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-26T14:40:34","indexId":"1004102","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3499,"text":"Supplement to the Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quarterly Wildlife Mortality Report","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Supplement to the Journal of Wildlife Diseases","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Kidd, G., 1996, Quarterly Wildlife Mortality Report: Supplement to the Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 32, no. 4, 3 p.","productDescription":"3 p.","numberOfPages":"3","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131253,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -180.17578125,\n              17.14079039331665\n            ],\n            [\n              -180.17578125,\n              72.71190310803662\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.7421875,\n              72.71190310803662\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.7421875,\n              17.14079039331665\n            ],\n            [\n              -180.17578125,\n              17.14079039331665\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"32","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a2fd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kidd, G.","contributorId":91440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kidd","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1004013,"text":"1004013 - 1996 - Causes of owl mortality in Hawaii, 1992 to 1994","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-26T15:25:56","indexId":"1004013","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Causes of owl mortality in Hawaii, 1992 to 1994","docAbstract":"<p>Eighty-one barn owls (<i>Tyto alba</i>) and five Hawaiian owls or pueo (<i>Asio flammeus sandwichensis</i>) from Kauai, Oahu, Lanai, Molokai, Maui and Hawaii (USA) were evaluated for cause of death, November 1992 through August 1994. The most common cause of death in barn owls was trauma (50%) followed by infectious disease (28%) and emaciation (22%). Most traumas apparently resulted from vehicular collisions. Trichomoniasis was the predominant infectious disease and appeared to be a significant cause of death in barn owls in Hawaii. Pasteurellosis and aspergillosis were encountered less commonly. No predisposing cause of emaciation was detected. Stomach contents from 28 barn owls contained mainly insects (64%) of the family Tetigoniidae and Gryllidae, and rodents (18%); the remainder had mixtures of rodents and insects or grass. Three pueo died from trauma and one each died from emaciation and pasteurellosis. We found no evidence of organochlorine, organophosphorus, or carbamate pesticides as causes of death in pueo or barn owls.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/0090-3558-32.2.266","usgsCitation":"Work, T.M., and Hale, J., 1996, Causes of owl mortality in Hawaii, 1992 to 1994: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 32, no. 2, p. 266-273, https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-32.2.266.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"266","endPage":"273","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479076,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-32.2.266","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":135319,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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 \"}}]}","volume":"32","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad8e4b07f02db6849d8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Work, Thierry M. 0000-0002-4426-9090 thierry_work@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4426-9090","contributorId":1187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Work","given":"Thierry","email":"thierry_work@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":314925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hale, Jon","contributorId":196923,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hale","given":"Jon","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1007452,"text":"1007452 - 1996 - Geographic variation in migratory behavior of greater white-fronted geese (<i>Anser albifrons</i>)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-23T09:23:12","indexId":"1007452","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geographic variation in migratory behavior of greater white-fronted geese (<i>Anser albifrons</i>)","docAbstract":"<p><span>We studied the migration and winter distribution of adult Greater White-fronted Geese (<i>Anser albifrons frontalis</i>) radio-marked on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta (YKD) and Bristol Bay Lowlands (BBL) of Alaska from 1987 to 1992. The major autumn staging site for geese from both breeding areas was the Klamath Basin on the California/Oregon border. However, temporal use of this area differed markedly between populations. Geese from the BBL arrived at the Klamath Basin nearly 30 days before geese from the YKD and departed before most YKD geese had arrived. Ninety percent of BBL geese used the Klamath Basin in autumn, whereas 30% of YKD geese bypassed the Klamath Basin during autumn and instead flew directly to the Central Valley of California. Nearly all BBL geese migrated directly from the Klamath Basin to wintering areas in Mexico, bypassing the Central Valley. Ninety percent of the BBL geese wintered in Mexico, as opposed to &lt;20% of the YKD geese. Wetlands of the Interior Highlands in the state of Chihuahua, particularly Laguna Babicora, were used by &gt;90% of the radio-marked geese in Mexico. Marshes along the West Coast comprised the other important wintering habitat in Mexico. The Sacramento Valley of California was the predominant wintering area for YKD geese. BBL geese migrated north from Mexico into the San Joaquin Valley or Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta of California by the last week of January. Fifty-five percent of the BBL population used the Klamath Basin in spring, but many birds staged in eastern Oregon and western Idaho. In contrast, geese from the YKD staged almost exclusively in the Klamath Basin during spring before flying to staging areas in Alaska. Breeding allopatry and temporal partitioning on staging and wintering areas likely has contributed to the evolution of previously described phenotypic differences between these populations. These two populations, along with the Tule Greater White-fronted Goose (A. a. gambeli), may constitute a portion of a Rassenkreis, a group of subspecies connected by clines, each ecotype of which has independent conservation needs.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.2307/4088866","usgsCitation":"Ely, C.R., and Takekawa, J.Y., 1996, Geographic variation in migratory behavior of greater white-fronted geese (<i>Anser albifrons</i>): The Auk, v. 113, no. 4, p. 889-901, https://doi.org/10.2307/4088866.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"889","endPage":"901","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479102,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/4088866","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438911,"rank":1,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9MBQ2GN","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Tracking Data for Greater White-fronted Geese (Anser albifrons)"},{"id":130375,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"113","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a9032","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ely, Craig R. 0000-0003-4262-0892 cely@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4262-0892","contributorId":3214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ely","given":"Craig","email":"cely@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":315387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":315386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1015704,"text":"1015704 - 1996 - Ecology of kokanee salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in Crater Lake, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-23T15:44:40.616645","indexId":"1015704","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2592,"text":"Lake and Reservoir Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ecology of kokanee salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in Crater Lake, Oregon","docAbstract":"<p><span>Originally barren of fish, Crater Lake was stocked with approximately 1.8 million salmonids from 1888 to 1941. Rainbow trout (</span><i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i><span>) and kokanee salmon (</span><i>O. nerka</i><span>) now inhabit the lake. This study was conducted from 1986 to 1991 to document and compare kokanee salmon and rainbow trout ecology in the lake to better evaluate the ecological implications of the presence of these non-native fish. Kokanee salmon exhibited cyclic patterns in population age structure, condition, abundance, and biomass from 1986 to 1991. One dominant year class of relatively low abundance and high condition was present from 1986 to 1987. Multiple year classes with increasing abundance and decreasing condition were present from 1989 through 1991. Rainbow trout maintained a diverse population structure throughout the study with a trend toward a relative increase of older age classes and larger fish. Vertical and horizontal migrations of kokanee salmon occurred within and between the nearshore and offshore zones of the lake. Rainbow trout were located along the edge of the lake. Kokanee salmon fed primarily offshore on zooplankton and small-bodied insects. Kokanee salmon cropped the&nbsp;</span><i>Daphnia</i><span>&nbsp;population and altered the zooplankton community structure during the study period. Rainbow trout fed nearshore on large-bodied vertebrates and invertebrates. Introduced fish in Crater Lake exhibited the potential to impact limnetic and benthic community structure and nutrient flux within and between these communities.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/07438149609354074","usgsCitation":"Buktenica, M., and Larson, G.L., 1996, Ecology of kokanee salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in Crater Lake, Oregon: Lake and Reservoir Management, v. 12, no. 2, p. 298-310, https://doi.org/10.1080/07438149609354074.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"298","endPage":"310","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":490645,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07438149609354074","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":133694,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Crater Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.16829804181488,\n              42.97875881899185\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.16829804181488,\n              42.902393610475\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.04721032083026,\n              42.902393610475\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.04721032083026,\n              42.97875881899185\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.16829804181488,\n              42.97875881899185\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ee4b07f02db627a69","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buktenica, M.W.","contributorId":68263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buktenica","given":"M.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Larson, Gary L. gary_l._larson@usgs.gov","contributorId":2990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"Gary","email":"gary_l._larson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":323126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1007454,"text":"1007454 - 1996 - Using long-term monitoring to understand how adjacent land development affects natural areas: An example from Saguaro National Park, Arizona (USA)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-18T14:32:54.198295","indexId":"1007454","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2821,"text":"Natural Areas Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using long-term monitoring to understand how adjacent land development affects natural areas: An example from Saguaro National Park, Arizona (USA)","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Natural Areas Association","usgsCitation":"Briggs, M., Harris, L., Howe, J., and Halvorson, W., 1996, Using long-term monitoring to understand how adjacent land development affects natural areas: An example from Saguaro National Park, Arizona (USA): Natural Areas Journal, v. 16, no. 4, p. 354-361.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"354","endPage":"361","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130377,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":403897,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/43911612"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Saguaro National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -110.74150085449219,\n              32.10409801044057\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.49911499023438,\n              32.10409801044057\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.49911499023438,\n              32.23429378728696\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.74150085449219,\n              32.23429378728696\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.74150085449219,\n              32.10409801044057\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a14e4b07f02db602ec1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Briggs, M.K.","contributorId":52914,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"M.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harris, L.","contributorId":23493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Howe, J.","contributorId":98679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howe","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Halvorson, W.","contributorId":85530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halvorson","given":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":1007451,"text":"1007451 - 1996 - Physical properties of woody fuel particles of Sierra Nevada conifers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-14T17:51:18.959443","indexId":"1007451","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2083,"text":"International Journal of Wildland Fire","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Physical properties of woody fuel particles of Sierra Nevada conifers","docAbstract":"<p><span>A study of the physical properties of Sierra Nevada conifer fuel particles showed that average diameter, squared quadratic mean diameter, surface-area-to-volume ratio, and specific gravity varied significantly by species for all four timelag fuel diameter size classes. The nonhorizontal angle was not significantly affected by size class, and the developmental stage of the overstory did not affect any of the properties. These values are used to calculate fuel weight and predict fire behavior. Regional variation in physical properties can result in fuel weight estimates for the Sierra Nevada that differ from under 40.8 percent to over 8.3 percent from those calculated from Rocky Mountain values. These differences made small changes in predicted fire behavior.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"CSIRO Publishing","doi":"10.1071/WF9960117","usgsCitation":"van Wagdendonk, J.W., Benedict, J., and Sydoriak, W., 1996, Physical properties of woody fuel particles of Sierra Nevada conifers: International Journal of Wildland Fire, v. 6, no. 3, p. 117-123, https://doi.org/10.1071/WF9960117.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"117","endPage":"123","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130355,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adbe4b07f02db685aec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"van Wagdendonk, J. W.","contributorId":334164,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"van Wagdendonk","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Benedict, J.M.","contributorId":20693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benedict","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sydoriak, W.M.","contributorId":99506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sydoriak","given":"W.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1015685,"text":"1015685 - 1996 - Science and management of Rocky Mountain grizzly bears","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-17T12:21:32.876467","indexId":"1015685","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1321,"text":"Conservation Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Science and management of Rocky Mountain grizzly bears","docAbstract":"<p><span>The science and management of grizzly bears (</span><i>Ursus arctos horribilis</i><span>) in the Rocky Mountains of North America have spawned considerable conflict and controversy. Much of this can be attributed to divergent public values, but the narrow perceptions and incomplete and fragmented problem definitions of those involved have exacerbated an inherently difficult situation. We present a conceptual model that extends the traditional description of the grizzly bear conservation system to include facets of the human domain such as the behavior of managers, elected officials, and the public. The model focuses on human-caused mortality, the key determinant of grizzly bear population growth in this region and the interactions and feedback loops among humans that have a major potential influence on bear mortality. We also briefly evaluate existing information and technical methods relevant to understanding this complex human-biophysical system. We observe not only that the extant knowledge is insufficient for prediction (and in some cases for description), but also that traditional positivistic science alone is not adequate for dealing with the problems of grizzly bear conservation. We recommend changes in science and management that could improve learning and responsiveness among the involved individuals and organizations, clarify some existing uncertainty, and thereby increase the effectiveness of grizzly bear conservation and management. Although adaptive management is a promising approach, we point out some key—as yet unfulfilled—contingencies for implementation of a method such as this one that relies upon social processes and structures that promote open learning and flexibility in all facets of the policy process.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1046/j.1523-1739.1996.10041013.x","usgsCitation":"Mattson, D., Herrero, S., Wright, R., and Pease, C.M., 1996, Science and management of Rocky Mountain grizzly bears: Conservation Biology, v. 10, no. 4, p. 1013-1025, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.1996.10041013.x.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1013","endPage":"1025","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133195,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, Idaho, Montana, New Mexico, Utah, Washington, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Rocky Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -105.10942309597596,\n              35.25171732219319\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.11989198963784,\n              35.806793362578375\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.69050262915277,\n              36.360259842036314\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.98097021974172,\n              36.645561608953514\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.92833329918602,\n              37.13779260179794\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.671706427321,\n              37.37209729595908\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.75589640561537,\n              38.09921616369553\n            ],\n            [\n              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M.","contributorId":44507,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pease","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":1015702,"text":"1015702 - 1996 - Taxonomic structure and productivity of phytoplankton assemblages in Crater Lake, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-08T14:48:50.042628","indexId":"1015702","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2365,"text":"Journal of Lake and Reservoir Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Taxonomic structure and productivity of phytoplankton assemblages in Crater Lake, Oregon","docAbstract":"<p><span>Interactions among physical, chemical, and biological components and processes in Crater Lake result in a complex and dynamic ecosystem. In winter and spring, wind energy mixes the lake to a depth of about 200 m. During this period, episodic sinking of cold water below the depth of 200 m produces an upwelling of nutrient-rich water from the deep lake, a process that has a strong influence on the concentrations of nutrients available to phytoplankton in the euphotic zone. Patterns of upwelling are variable from year to year, and physical data indicate that water from the deep lake is completely mixed with surface water every 1–4 years. Phytoplankton cell biovolume and total chlorophyll are distributed uniformly to the depth of 200 m in winter and spring, at which time maximum rates of primary production occur in the upper 60 m of the water column. The onset of thermal stratification in July is associated with development of a chlorophyll maximum at depths between 100 and 140 m and a downward shift of the primary production maximum to depths between 60 and 100 m. Thermal stratification also is accompanied by a stratified distribution of phytoplankton populations that is characterized by assemblages with low species diversity and high dominance in the epilimnion and assemblages with higher diversity and lower dominance in the metalimnion and upper hypolimnion. Therefore, the thermal properties of the upper 200 m of Crater Lake, and associated changes in light and nutrients with increasing depth, are closely related to structural and functional attributes of phytoplankton assemblages in the water column.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/07438149609354072","usgsCitation":"McIntire, C.D., Larson, G.L., Truitt, R., and Debacon, M., 1996, Taxonomic structure and productivity of phytoplankton assemblages in Crater Lake, Oregon: Journal of Lake and Reservoir Management, v. 12, no. 2, p. 259-280, https://doi.org/10.1080/07438149609354072.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"259","endPage":"280","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":480173,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07438149609354072","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":133491,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5fa330","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McIntire, C. D.","contributorId":35274,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McIntire","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Larson, Gary L. gary_l._larson@usgs.gov","contributorId":2990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"Gary","email":"gary_l._larson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":323117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Truitt, R.E.","contributorId":23901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Truitt","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Debacon, M.K.","contributorId":83074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Debacon","given":"M.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":1015700,"text":"1015700 - 1996 - Temperature, water chemistry, and optical properties of Crater Lake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-08T14:51:43.472279","indexId":"1015700","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2365,"text":"Journal of Lake and Reservoir Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Temperature, water chemistry, and optical properties of Crater Lake","docAbstract":"<p><span>Water temperature, water chemistry, and optical properties of Crater Lake were studied from 1983 to 1991. In winter and spring, wind energy and convection mixed the water column to a depth of 200 to 250 m. The lake was thermally stratified in summer and early fall; however, the epilimnion was only 5 to 20 m thick, and most of the 589 m deep water column was a cold hypolimnion. The lake was slightly basic, with moderate alkalinity and conductivity. The water column was oxygenated, although slight decreases in dissolved oxygen concentration were noticed near the lake bottom in late summer and early fall. Phosphorus and nitrogen concentrations were low. Orthophosphorus-P concentrations increased slightly with increased lake depth, whereas nitrate-N was below detection limits in the upper 200 m of the water column and then increased with increased lake depth. Secchi disk clarity typically varied from the high-20-m to low-30-m range. The depth of 1 % surface incident light (425–655 nm) in July and August typically ranged between 80 and 100 m. The results also indicated that water temperature, water chemistry, and optical properties of the lake between 1983 and 1991 were consistent with those observed between 1896 and 1982.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/07438149609354070","usgsCitation":"Larson, G.L., McIntire, C.D., and Buktenica, M., 1996, Temperature, water chemistry, and optical properties of Crater Lake: Journal of Lake and Reservoir Management, v. 12, no. 2, p. 230-247, https://doi.org/10.1080/07438149609354070.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"230","endPage":"247","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479108,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07438149609354070","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":133697,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a02e4b07f02db5f81e4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Larson, Gary L. gary_l._larson@usgs.gov","contributorId":2990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"Gary","email":"gary_l._larson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":323111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McIntire, C. D.","contributorId":35274,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McIntire","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Buktenica, M.W.","contributorId":68263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buktenica","given":"M.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1007472,"text":"1007472 - 1996 - A new assay for quantifying brown algal phlorotannins and comparisons to previous methods","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-16T22:51:17.554902","indexId":"1007472","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2205,"text":"Journal of Chemical Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A new assay for quantifying brown algal phlorotannins and comparisons to previous methods","docAbstract":"<p><span>Quantitative measurement of phlorotannins (polyphenolics) in brown algae (Phaeophyta) by colorimetric assays can be confounded because: (1) most such assays also react to nonphlorotannin substances (interferences) and (2) the appropriate reference compound for such assays is not always clear, although phloroglucinol is typically used. We developed a new assay in which 2,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde (DMBA) reacts specifically with 1,3-and 1,3,5-substituted phenols (e.g., phlorotannins) to form a colored product. This new assay, as well as eliminating the problem of measuring interferences, is inexpensive, rapid, and can be used with small sample volumes. We recommend it for all assays of phlorotannins from one or a set of closely related species where the structural types of phlorotannins present are likely to be similar among samples. It is also appropriate for broader surveys of phlorotannin levels across many species, but in this case a reference must be chosen with care. We also compared the DMBA assay to existing assays, including the Folin-Denis [both before and after the samples were mixed with polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (PVPP)] and the Prussian blue assays. PVPP was not 100% efficient (and often much less) at removing phlorotannins from solution, and its effectiveness varied among different phlorotannins. Thus, in contrast to previous studies, measuring phenolic levels in extracts before and after treatment with PVPP will not necessarily result in an interference-free measure of phlorotannins. Based on an analysis of reactive substances in red and green algae (which do not contain phlorotannins) in the Folin-Denis and Prussian blue assays, we estimate that the average level of interferences (nonphlorotannins) in brown algae measured in these two assays is on the order of 0.5% by dry weight.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/bf02266965","usgsCitation":"Stern, J., Hagerman, A., Steinberg, P., Winter, F., and Estes, J.A., 1996, A new assay for quantifying brown algal phlorotannins and comparisons to previous methods: Journal of Chemical Ecology, v. 22, p. 1273-1293, https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02266965.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"1273","endPage":"1293","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129975,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b20e4b07f02db6abe72","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stern, J.L.","contributorId":41377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stern","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hagerman, A.E.","contributorId":105261,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hagerman","given":"A.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Steinberg, P.D.","contributorId":89086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steinberg","given":"P.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Winter, F.C.","contributorId":18313,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winter","given":"F.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Estes, J. A.","contributorId":53319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Estes","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":1004107,"text":"1004107 - 1996 - Helminth parasites of the osprey, Pandion haliaetus, in North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-02T19:27:46.197898","indexId":"1004107","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2549,"text":"Journal of the Helminthological Society of Washington","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Helminth parasites of the osprey, <i>Pandion haliaetus</i>, in North America","title":"Helminth parasites of the osprey, Pandion haliaetus, in North America","docAbstract":"<p>A total of 28 species of helminths (17 trematodes, 3 cestodes, 7 nematodes, and 1 acanthocephalan) was recovered from 17 ospreys (<i>Pandion haliaetus</i>) from the United States. Intensities of infection were low and no lesions were attributed to the parasites. Seven species appear to be specialists in ospreys, 2 species generalists in raptors, and the remainder generalists in other orders of fish-eating birds. <i>Pandiontrema rjikovi</i>, <i>Diasiella diasi</i>, and <i>Contracaecum pandioni</i> are reported for the first time from North America.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Helminthological Society of Washington","usgsCitation":"Kinsella, J.M., Cole, R.A., Forrester, D.J., and Roderick, C., 1996, Helminth parasites of the osprey, Pandion haliaetus, in North America: Journal of the Helminthological Society of Washington, v. 63, no. 2, p. 262-265.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"262","endPage":"265","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health 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,{"id":1007453,"text":"1007453 - 1996 - Wintering site fidelity and movement patterns of Western Sandpipers Calidris mauri in the San Francisco Bay estuary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-22T16:26:54.573081","indexId":"1007453","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1961,"text":"Ibis","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Wintering site fidelity and movement patterns of Western Sandpipers <i>Calidris mauri</i> in the San Francisco Bay estuary","title":"Wintering site fidelity and movement patterns of Western Sandpipers Calidris mauri in the San Francisco Bay estuary","docAbstract":"<p><span>Western Sandpipers&nbsp;</span><i>Calidris mauri</i><span>&nbsp;are the most numerous shorebird species in the San Francisco Bay estuary during winter. A sample of 106 Western Sandpipers was captured in mist nets and radio-marked with 1-g transmitters to examine their wintering site fidelity and movements. Differences in distances moved, home range extent and core area size were examined by age, sex, season, site, time of day and tide. All birds remained in the south San Francisco Bay region during winter and exhibited strong site fidelity, with a mean home range of 22.0 km</span><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;or only 8% of the study area. First-year birds had larger home ranges (26.6 ± 3.6 km</span><sup>2</sup><span>) than adults (17.2 ± 2.5 km</span><sup>2</sup><span>) in winter, but home range sizes of males and females were not significantly different in any period. Home range sizes were similar between seasons, but core areas were smaller in spring (6.3 ± 1.2 km</span><sup>2</sup><span>) than in early (9.6 ± 4.0 km</span><sup>2</sup><span>) or late (11.6 ± 1.6 km</span><sup>2</sup><span>) winter. Movements and home range size were similar for radio-marked birds located during day and night. The high degree of regional and local site fidelity demonstrated that the mixture of natural mud fiats and artificial salt ponds in southern San Francisco Bay provided sufficient resources for large wintering populations of Western Sandpipers.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1474-919X.1996.tb04323.x","usgsCitation":"Warnock, S., and Takekawa, J.Y., 1996, Wintering site fidelity and movement patterns of Western Sandpipers Calidris mauri in the San Francisco Bay estuary: Ibis, v. 138, p. 160-167, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-919X.1996.tb04323.x.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"160","endPage":"167","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130376,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"138","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-06-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dbe4b07f02db5e1018","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Warnock, S.E.","contributorId":67458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warnock","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":315388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1014598,"text":"1014598 - 1996 - Feeding trials with juvenile Atlantic sturgeons propagated from wild broodstock","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-23T15:19:42.911457","indexId":"1014598","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3196,"text":"Progressive Fish-Culturist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Feeding trials with juvenile Atlantic sturgeons propagated from wild broodstock","docAbstract":"<p><span>Juvenile Atlantic sturgeons&nbsp;</span><i>Acipenser oxyrinchus</i><span>&nbsp;produced by hormone‐induced spawning of wild broodstock from the Hudson River, New York, were used in a diet study. Fish fed live&nbsp;</span><i>Artemia</i><span>&nbsp;sp. as first‐feeding fry for 35 d were observed to convert readily to formulated diets. At 79 d posthatch, four formulated feeds were offered: sturgeon starter 9304, Biokyowa, Zeigler esocid diet, and Tunison sturgeon starter. At the end of 60 d, fish fed Biokyowa had the greatest growth and best feed conversion (</span><i>P</i><span>&nbsp;≤ 0.05). Feed conversions were significantly different between all treatments, indicating wide variability in growth response to the diets tested. Proximate analyses of diets showed Biokyowa highest in protein (59.43%) and dry matter (97.28%).</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1577/1548-8640(1996)058%3C0173:CFTWJA%3E2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Mohler, J., Fynn-Aikins, K., and Barrows, R., 1996, Feeding trials with juvenile Atlantic sturgeons propagated from wild broodstock: Progressive Fish-Culturist, v. 58, no. 3, p. 173-177, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8640(1996)058%3C0173:CFTWJA%3E2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"173","endPage":"177","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131980,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"58","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fde4b07f02db5f5ea0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mohler, J.W.","contributorId":51697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mohler","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fynn-Aikins, K.","contributorId":34080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fynn-Aikins","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barrows, R.","contributorId":35271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barrows","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1004131,"text":"1004131 - 1996 - Element concentrations on Hypogymnia physodes (L.) Nyl. after three years of transplanting along Lake Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-19T15:53:58.972322","indexId":"1004131","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1575,"text":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Element concentrations on <i>Hypogymnia physodes</i> (L.) Nyl. after three years of transplanting along Lake Michigan","title":"Element concentrations on Hypogymnia physodes (L.) Nyl. after three years of transplanting along Lake Michigan","docAbstract":"<p><span>Improvements in air quality in air polluted areas are often followed by recolonization of habitats by sensitive lichens that had died out when air quality was worse. To test the hypothesis that air quality at Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore has improved such that lichens could recolonize the area, samples of a species that once grew in the park,&nbsp;</span><i>Hypogymnia physodes</i><span>, were transplanted from Door County, Wisconsin to the park and three other sites along the western shore of Lake Michigan, including one at the site of origin as a control. The lichens were sampled for 3 years and tissue concentrations of 20 chemical elements were measured. There were no significant differences between concentrations over the 3 year study duration at the control site in Door County, suggesting that transplanting itself had no impacts on tissue concentrations. All but two elements increased in concentration from north to south with the greatest increases occurring in the third year of the study. Lichens at Indiana Dunes at the end of the study had suffered severe mortality. Chromium increased the most from north to south but concentrations were not higher than maxima observed in other studies. Arsenic and sulfur, however, exceeded known toxic thresholds or maxima observed in other studies on this species. Four hypotheses are presented to explain the toxicity of elements to this species.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0098-8472(96)01022-2","usgsCitation":"Bennett, J.P., Dibben, M.J., and Lyman, K.J., 1996, Element concentrations on Hypogymnia physodes (L.) 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J.","contributorId":80637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dibben","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lyman, K. J.","contributorId":57812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyman","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70017844,"text":"70017844 - 1996 - Modeling impact of small Kansas landfills on underlying aquifers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-22T15:01:37.657099","indexId":"70017844","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2255,"text":"Journal of Environmental Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling impact of small Kansas landfills on underlying aquifers","docAbstract":"<p><span>Small landfills are exempt from compliance with Resource Conservation and Recovery Act Subtitle D standards for liner and leachate collection. We investigate the ramifications of this exemption under western Kansas semiarid environments and explore the conditions under which naturally occurring geologic settings provide sufficient protection against ground-water contamination. The methodology we employed was to run water budget simulations using the Hydrologic Evaluation of Landfill Performance (HELP) model, and fate and transport simulations using the Multimedia Exposure Assessment Model (MULTIMED) for several western Kansas small landfill scenarios in combination with extensive sensitivity analyses. We demonstrate that requiring landfill cover, leachate collection system (LCS), and compacted soil liner will reduce leachate production by 56%, whereas requiring only a cover without LCS and liner will reduce leachate by half as much. The most vulnerable small landfills are shown to be the ones with no vegetative cover underlain by both a relatively thin vadose zone and aquifer and which overlie an aquifer characterized by cool temperatures and low hydraulic gradients. The aquifer-related physical and chemical parameters proved to be more important than vadose zone and biodegradation parameters in controlling leachate concentrations at the point of compliance.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"ASCE","doi":"10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(1996)122:12(1067)","issn":"07339372","usgsCitation":"Sophocleous, M., Stadnyk, N., and Stotts, M., 1996, Modeling impact of small Kansas landfills on underlying aquifers: Journal of Environmental Engineering, v. 122, no. 12, p. 1067-1077, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(1996)122:12(1067).","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1067","endPage":"1077","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":228952,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"122","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5c04e4b0c8380cd6f987","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sophocleous, M.","contributorId":13373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sophocleous","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stadnyk, N.G.","contributorId":98484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stadnyk","given":"N.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stotts, M.","contributorId":21306,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stotts","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
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