No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Rangeland Wildlife","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society for Range Management","publisherLocation":"Denver, CO","usgsCitation":"Douglas, C.L., and Leslie, D., 1996, Feral animals on rangelands, chap. 17 of Rangeland Wildlife, p. 281-292.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"281","endPage":"292","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":128816,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e4e4b07f02db5e5e0f","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Krausman, P.R.","contributorId":35525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krausman","given":"P.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":504267,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Douglas, C. L.","contributorId":64586,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Douglas","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":295607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leslie, David M. Jr.","contributorId":52514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leslie","given":"David M.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":295606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1017012,"text":"1017012 - 1996 - Morphological and genetic evolution appear decoupled in Pacific skinks (Squamata: Scincidae: Emoia)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:41","indexId":"1017012","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3174,"text":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Morphological and genetic evolution appear decoupled in Pacific skinks (Squamata: Scincidae: Emoia)","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Bruna, E., Fisher, R., and Case, T.J., 1996, Morphological and genetic evolution appear decoupled in Pacific skinks (Squamata: Scincidae: Emoia): Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, v. 263, p. 681-688.","productDescription":"p. 681-688","startPage":"681","endPage":"688","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133113,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"263","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b03e4b07f02db698dd4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bruna, E.M.","contributorId":106063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bruna","given":"E.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fisher, Robert N. 0000-0002-2956-3240","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2956-3240","contributorId":51675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Robert N.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":324540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Case, T. J.","contributorId":77078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Case","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1008413,"text":"1008413 - 1996 - Estimates of abundance of box turtles (Terrapene carolina bauri) on a Florida island","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:38","indexId":"1008413","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1892,"text":"Herpetologica","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimates of abundance of box turtles (Terrapene carolina bauri) on a Florida island","docAbstract":"Abstract not supplied at this time","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Herpetologica","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Langtimm, C., Dodd, C., and Franz, R., 1996, Estimates of abundance of box turtles (Terrapene carolina bauri) on a Florida island: Herpetologica, v. 52, no. 4, p. 496-504.","productDescription":"p. 496-504","startPage":"496","endPage":"504","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132525,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fcb46","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langtimm, C.A. 0000-0001-8499-5743","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8499-5743","contributorId":71133,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Langtimm","given":"C.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dodd, C.K. Jr.","contributorId":86286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dodd","given":"C.K.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Franz, R.","contributorId":93850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franz","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70182066,"text":"70182066 - 1996 - Nesting success of Northern Pintails on the coastal Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-15T16:13:45","indexId":"70182066","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3551,"text":"The Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nesting success of Northern Pintails on the coastal Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska","docAbstract":"We studied nesting chronology and success of Northern Pintails (Anas acuta) on the coastal Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska during the summers of 1991-1993. We found a total of 795 nests during three annual searches of a 27.4 km2 area. Minimum nest density averaged 9.67 nests per km2. Nesting success varied among years and ranged from 43.12% in 1991 to 10.74% in 1993 (average 23.95%). Most nest loss was the result of predation and tidal flooding. Daily nest survival probability declined with nest initiation date in all three years and also varied with nest age in 1992. Clutch size averaged 7.63 ± 0.067 (SE) eggs per nest and was larger than reported for other populations of Northern Pintails. Clutch size declined during the 44-47 day nesting interval at a greater rate than reported for other populations of Northern Pintails. We conclude that sub-arctic and prairie nesting Northern Pintails have similar reproductive potentials.
","language":"English","publisher":"Cooper Ornithological Society","doi":"10.2307/1369508","usgsCitation":"Flint, P.L., and Grand, J.B., 1996, Nesting success of Northern Pintails on the coastal Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska: The Condor, v. 98, no. 1, p. 54-60, https://doi.org/10.2307/1369508.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"54","endPage":"60","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479084,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1369508","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":335643,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta","volume":"98","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58a57706e4b057081a24ee82","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flint, Paul L. 0000-0002-8758-6993 pflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8758-6993","contributorId":3284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Paul","email":"pflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":669441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grand, J. Barry 0000-0002-3576-4567 barry_grand@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3576-4567","contributorId":579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grand","given":"J.","email":"barry_grand@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Barry","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":669442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70182067,"text":"70182067 - 1996 - Evidence from cytochrome b sequences and allozymes for a new species of alcid: The long-billed murrelet (Brachyramphus perdix)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-15T16:19:06","indexId":"70182067","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3551,"text":"The Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence from cytochrome b sequences and allozymes for a new species of alcid: The long-billed murrelet (Brachyramphus perdix)","docAbstract":"Marbled Murrelets (Brachyramphus marmoratus) are coastal seabirds that breed predominantly in old-growth forest throughout the North Pacific. Presently they are classified into two phenotypically distinct subspecies: one in North America (B. m. marmoratus) and one in Asia (B. m. perdix). The Asian form was classified as a separate species in 1811, but was lumped with B. marmoratus during the 20th century. Populations of both types are considered threatened or endangered and information about the extent of genetic differentiation among birds from different sites is required for their conservation. We compared variation in 1,045 base pairs of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene and 39 allozyme loci among Marbled Murrelets and the closely related Kittlitz's Murrelets (B. brevirostris) from throughout the North Pacific. All analyses indicted that North American and Asian Marbled Murrelets are genetically distinct: cytochrome b sequences were highly divergent, fixed allele differences occurred at two allozyme loci, and estimated gene flow was essentially zero. Phylogenetic analyses of cytochrome b sequences and allozymes both provided strong support for a monophyletic relationship among North American Marbled Murrelets and Kittlitz's Murrelets, with Long-billed Murrelets forming the basal lineage. Long-billed and North American Marbled Murrelets clearly represent distinct species by any definition, and must be managed independently. Significant genetic differentiation also was found among both Marbled and Kittlitz's Murrelets from different sites within North America.
","language":"English","publisher":"Cooper Ornithological Society","doi":"10.2307/1369851","usgsCitation":"Friesen, V.L., Piatt, J.F., and Baker, A.J., 1996, Evidence from cytochrome b sequences and allozymes for a new species of alcid: The long-billed murrelet (Brachyramphus perdix): The Condor, v. 98, no. 4, p. 681-690, https://doi.org/10.2307/1369851.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"681","endPage":"690","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479153,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1369851","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":335648,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"98","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58a57706e4b057081a24ee80","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Friesen, Vicki L.","contributorId":59407,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Friesen","given":"Vicki","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":7029,"text":"Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":669445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748 jpiatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":3025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John","email":"jpiatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":669446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baker, Allan J.","contributorId":36383,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baker","given":"Allan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":669447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1001135,"text":"1001135 - 1996 - Water-level fluctuation in wetlands as a function of landscape condition in the prairie pothole region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-20T10:10:55","indexId":"1001135","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Water-level fluctuation in wetlands as a function of landscape condition in the prairie pothole region","docAbstract":"We evaluated water-level fluctuation (maximum water depth - minimum water depth/catchment size) in 12 temporary, 12 seasonal, and 12 semipermanent wetlands equally distributed among landscapes dominated by tilled agricultural lands and landscapes dominated by grassland. Water levels fluctuated an average of 14.14 cm in wetlands within tilled agricultural landscapes, while water levels in wetlands within grassland landscapes fluctuated an average of only 4.27 cm. Tillage reduces the natural capacity of catch meets to mitigate surface flow into wetland basins during precipitation events, resulting in greater water-level fluctuations in wetlands with tilled catchments. In addition, water levels in temporary and seasonal wetlands fluctuated an average of 13.74 cm and 11.82 cm, respectively, while water levels in semipermanent wetlands fluctuated only 2.77 cm. Semipermanent wetlands receive a larger proportion of their water as input from ground water than do either temporary or seasonal wetlands. This input of water from the ground has a stabilizing effect on water-levels of semipermanent wetlands. Increases in water-level fluctuation due to tillage or due to alteration of ground-water hydrology may ultimately affect the composition of a wetland's flora and fauna. In this paper, we also describe an inexpensive device for determining absolute maximum and minimum water levels in wetlands.","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Wetland Scientists","doi":"10.1007/BF03161350","usgsCitation":"Euliss, N.H., and Mushet, D.M., 1996, Water-level fluctuation in wetlands as a function of landscape condition in the prairie pothole region: Wetlands, v. 16, no. 4, p. 587-593, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03161350.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"587","endPage":"593","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133954,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e6e4b07f02db5e75bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Euliss, Ned H. Jr. ceuliss@usgs.gov","contributorId":2916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Euliss","given":"Ned","suffix":"Jr.","email":"ceuliss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mushet, David M. 0000-0002-5910-2744 dmushet@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5910-2744","contributorId":1299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mushet","given":"David","email":"dmushet@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":310567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1008036,"text":"1008036 - 1996 - New evidence of habitat segregation between two cryptic species of Pacific skinks (Emoia cyanura and E. impar)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-01T01:22:46.749879","indexId":"1008036","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1337,"text":"Copeia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"New evidence of habitat segregation between two cryptic species of Pacific skinks (Emoia cyanura and E. impar)","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists (ASIH)","doi":"10.2307/1447665","usgsCitation":"Bruna, E., Fisher, R., and Case, T.J., 1996, New evidence of habitat segregation between two cryptic species of Pacific skinks (Emoia cyanura and E. impar): Copeia, v. 1996, p. 998-1005, https://doi.org/10.2307/1447665.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"998","endPage":"1005","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132725,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1996","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afee4b07f02db697785","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bruna, E.M.","contributorId":106063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bruna","given":"E.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fisher, Robert N. 0000-0002-2956-3240","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2956-3240","contributorId":51675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Robert N.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":316601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Case, T. J.","contributorId":77078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Case","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70175712,"text":"70175712 - 1996 - Test of a hydroperiod relation to predict changes in riparian vegetation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-18T12:37:33","indexId":"70175712","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Test of a hydroperiod relation to predict changes in riparian vegetation","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"From big rivers to small streams","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society of Wetland Scientists","usgsCitation":"Auble, G., Friedman, J., and Scott, M.L., 1996, Test of a hydroperiod relation to predict changes in riparian vegetation, chap. of From big rivers to small streams, p. 25-26.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"25","endPage":"26","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326819,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57b6dc6ee4b03fd6b7d94c93","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Mulder, K.","contributorId":173833,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mulder","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646159,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Felton, M.","contributorId":173834,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Felton","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646160,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Auble, G.T.","contributorId":19505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Auble","given":"G.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Friedman, J.M.","contributorId":88671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friedman","given":"J.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scott, M. L.","contributorId":78261,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70175681,"text":"70175681 - 1996 - Impacts of vegetation change on regional climate and downscaling of GCM output to the regional scale","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-21T16:01:23","indexId":"70175681","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Impacts of vegetation change on regional climate and downscaling of GCM output to the regional scale","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Battelle Press","publisherLocation":"Richland, WA","usgsCitation":"Copeland, J.H., Chase, T.N., Baron, J., Kittel, T.G., and Pielke, R.A., 1996, Impacts of vegetation change on regional climate and downscaling of GCM output to the regional scale, p. 199-211.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"199","endPage":"211","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326784,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57b6dc66e4b03fd6b7d94c54","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Copeland, J. H.","contributorId":99063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Copeland","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chase, T. N.","contributorId":30927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chase","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baron, Jill 0000-0002-5902-6251 jill_baron@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5902-6251","contributorId":194124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baron","given":"Jill","email":"jill_baron@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":646031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kittel, Timothy G.F.","contributorId":66612,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kittel","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"G.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pielke, R. A.","contributorId":13163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pielke","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70018081,"text":"70018081 - 1996 - A drowned lycopsid forest above the Mahoning coal (Conemaugh Group, Upper Pennsylvanian) in eastern Ohio, U.S.A","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-21T12:59:06.550433","indexId":"70018081","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A drowned lycopsid forest above the Mahoning coal (Conemaugh Group, Upper Pennsylvanian) in eastern Ohio, U.S.A","docAbstract":"Over 800 mud-filled casts of upright lycopsid tree stumps have been documented immediately above the Mahoning coal in an active underground mine located in northwestern Jefferson County, Ohio. The coal body originated as a pod-shaped peat body of ∼ 60 km2. Trees are rooted at several levels within a thin (15–40 cm) bone coal directly above the banded coal; they extend upward up to 15 cm into overlying, flat-bedded, carbonaceous mudstones that coarsen up. From a maximum basal diameter of 1.2 m, stumps taper upward to diameters no less than 0.3 m. Within single-entry transects, < 6 m wide that total 2585 m in length, stumps are randomly distributed. The trees are identified as lepidodenrids on the basis of gross morphology, external stem patterns, and attached stigmarian root systems, and provisionally as Lepidophloios or Lepidodendron by associated palynology of the enclosing matrix. Palynological analyses of incremental seam samples indicate an initial dominance of lycopsid spores with lepidodendracean affinities (Lycospora granulata from Lepidophloios hallii), replaced upwards by tree-fern spores, with a reoccurrence of lepidodendracean spores in the upper benches: spores of Sigillaria (Crassispora) are abundant only at the base of the coal. Petrographic analyses indicate a prallel trend from vitrinite-rich to inertinite- and liptinite-rich upward in the coal body. All data indicate that the peat represented by the Mahoning coal was drowned slowly. During the earliest stages of inundation, a lycopsid forest was re-established, only to be subsequently drowned.
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Fort Collins, CO","usgsCitation":"Newkirk, B., Baron, J., and Allstott, E., 1996, Long-term ecological research in Loch Vale Watershed, Rocky Mountain National Park. 1996 Annual Report to the National Park Service.: Annual Report, 35 p.","productDescription":"35 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326786,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57b6dc68e4b03fd6b7d94c61","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Newkirk, B.","contributorId":38912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newkirk","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baron, Jill 0000-0002-5902-6251 jill_baron@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5902-6251","contributorId":194124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baron","given":"Jill","email":"jill_baron@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":646035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Allstott, E.J.","contributorId":25102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allstott","given":"E.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70181182,"text":"70181182 - 1996 - Isolation and characterization of novel microsatellite loci: Cross-species amplification and population genetic applications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-23T11:28:48","indexId":"70181182","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Isolation and characterization of novel microsatellite loci: Cross-species amplification and population genetic applications","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/f95-254","usgsCitation":"Scribner, K.T., Gust, J.R., and Fields, R.L., 1996, Isolation and characterization of novel microsatellite loci: Cross-species amplification and population genetic applications: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 53, no. 4, p. 833-841, https://doi.org/10.1139/f95-254.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"833","endPage":"841","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":335202,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"53","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58a18226e4b0c825128564b0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scribner, Kim T.","contributorId":146113,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scribner","given":"Kim","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":16582,"text":"Department of Fisheries and Wildlife and Department of Zoology, 480 Wilson Rd. 13 Natural Resources Building, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":135,"text":"Biological Resources Division","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":664413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gust, Judy R.","contributorId":62458,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gust","given":"Judy","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":664414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fields, Raymond L.","contributorId":182354,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fields","given":"Raymond","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":106,"text":"Alaska Biological Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":664415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70187936,"text":"70187936 - 1996 - Hazard ranking of contaminated sediments based on chemical analysis, laboratory toxicity tests, and benthic community composition: Prioritizing sites for remedial action","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-24T15:49:18","indexId":"70187936","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hazard ranking of contaminated sediments based on chemical analysis, laboratory toxicity tests, and benthic community composition: Prioritizing sites for remedial action","docAbstract":"The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) organized a research program to assess the extent of and possible methods for managing contaminated sediments. As part of this program, we developed a method by which multiple forms of information on sediment contamination (i.e., chemistry, laboratory toxicity, and benthic community composition) could be combined to rank the relative hazard to aquatic life of a series of sediment samples. The process that was developed incorporates chemistry and bioavailability into the ranking as toxic units in pore water based on U.S. EPA Ambient Water Quality Criteria (AWQC). Laboratory toxicity is incorporated into the ranking process as mean response relative to control response. Benthic community information is incorporated into the ranking process through the use of relative tolerance to pollution among benthic invertebrate taxa, from which the mean tolerance to pollution of the benthic community is calculated. The three resulting ranks are then averaged to produce a relative ranking of risk to aquatic life among sediment samples. Our results demonstrate that, as long as a moderate list of laboratory toxicity test results are included in the ranking process (i.e., tests from a fish, a zooplankter, a benthic invertebrate, a phytoplankter, and a microbe), the resultant rankings among samples does not significantly change with inclusion of more laboratory toxicity test results. Without any benthic community structure information, with only laboratory toxicity test results from Microtox,® and with only a short list of chemicals, relative ranking among sites changes drastically. Our results demonstrate the general utility of the ranking process as one way of assessing the relative hazard among many sites when resource limitations necessitate prioritization of sites for remediation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0380-1330(96)70986-3","usgsCitation":"Wildhaber, M.L., and Schmitt, C.J., 1996, Hazard ranking of contaminated sediments based on chemical analysis, laboratory toxicity tests, and benthic community composition: Prioritizing sites for remedial action: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 22, no. 3, p. 639-652, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0380-1330(96)70986-3.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"639","endPage":"652","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341719,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59269bcfe4b0b7ff9fb489c4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wildhaber, Mark L. 0000-0002-6538-9083 mwildhaber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6538-9083","contributorId":1386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wildhaber","given":"Mark","email":"mwildhaber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":696047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmitt, Christopher J. 0000-0001-6804-2360 cjschmitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6804-2360","contributorId":491,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmitt","given":"Christopher","email":"cjschmitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":696048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":27118,"text":"wri944181 - 1996 - Geohydrology and water quality of stratified-drift aquifers in the middle Connecticut River basin, west-central New Hampshire","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-10T21:06:38.391798","indexId":"wri944181","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-4181","title":"Geohydrology and water quality of stratified-drift aquifers in the middle Connecticut River basin, west-central New Hampshire","docAbstract":"A study was done by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services, Water Resources Division, to describe the geohydrology and water quality of stratified-drift aquifers in the Middle Connecticut River Basin, west-central New Hampshire Stratified-drift aquifers discontinuously underlie 123 mi2 (square miles) of the Middle Connecticut River Basin, which has a total drainage area of 987 mi 2. Saturated thicknesses of stratified drift in the study area are locally greater than 500 feet but generally are less than 100 feet. Aquifer transmissivity locally exceeds 4,000 ft2/d (feet squared per day) but is generally less than 1,000 ft2/d. In only 17.2 mi2 of the study area are the aquifers identified as having a transmissivity greater than 1,000 ft2/d. As of 1990, total groundwater withdrawals from stratified drift for municipal supply were about 1.5 Mgal/d (million gallons per day) in the study area. Many of the stratified-drift aquifers underlying the study area are not developed to their fullest potential. The geohydrologic investigation of the stratified-drift aquifers focused on aquifer properties, including aquifer boundaries; recharge, discharge, and direction of ground-water flow; saturated thickness and storage; and transmissivity. Surficial-geologic mapping assisted in the determination of aquifer boundaries. Data from more than 1,000 wells, test borings, and springs were used to prepare maps of water-table altitude, saturated thickness, and transmissivity of stratified drift. More than 11 miles of seismic-refraction profiling at 95 sites was used in the preparation of the water-table-altitude and saturated-thickness maps. Seismic-reflection data collected along 1.6 miles of Mascoma Lake also were used in preparation of the saturated-thickness maps. Four stratified-drift aquifers in the towns of Franconia, Haverhill, and Lisbon were analyzed to estimate the water availability on the basis of analytical ground-water model simulation based on the Theis confined-flow equation adjusted to account for boundary effects commonly associated with stratified-drift aquifers. Conservative estimates of water availability during a 180-day period of no recharge were estimated to be 1.9 Mgal/d for the Meadow Brook aquifer; 1.8 Mgal/d for the Ham Branch Brook aquifer; 1.5 Mgal/d for the Salmon Hole aquifer; and 1.4 Mgal/d for the Haverhill-French Pond aquifer. Water-availability estimates would be higher if periods of recharge were accounted for and if less conservative boundary conditions were used in the model. Results of analysis of water samples from 26 observation wells, 3 municipal water-supply wells, and 1 public-supply spring show that, with the exception of dissolved iron and manganese in some samples, water in the stratified-drift aquifers generally meets the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's primary and secondary drinking-water standards.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri944181","usgsCitation":"Flanagan, S.M., 1996, Geohydrology and water quality of stratified-drift aquifers in the middle Connecticut River basin, west-central New Hampshire: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4181, Report: vi, 224 p.; 8 Plates: 35.00 x 39.83 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri944181.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 224 p.; 8 Plates: 35.00 x 39.83 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":415543,"rank":11,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48056.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":55979,"rank":7,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4181/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":55977,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4181/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":55975,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4181/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":55983,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4181/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":55982,"rank":10,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4181/plate-8.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":55981,"rank":9,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4181/plate-7.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":55980,"rank":8,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4181/plate-6.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":55978,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4181/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":55976,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4181/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":123612,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4181/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Hampshire","otherGeospatial":"middle Connecticut River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -71.3,\n 44.4578\n ],\n [\n -72.35,\n 44.4578\n ],\n [\n -72.35,\n 43.5222\n ],\n [\n -71.3,\n 43.5222\n ],\n [\n -71.3,\n 44.4578\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8b84","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flanagan, S. M.","contributorId":12523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flanagan","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70194939,"text":"70194939 - 1996 - Water-vapor movement through unsaturated alluvium in Amargosa Desert near Beatty, Nevada - Current understanding and continuing studies: A section in Joint US Geological Survey, US Nuclear Regulatory Commission workshop on research related to low-level radioactive waste disposal, May 4-6, 1993, National Center, Reston, Virginia; Proceedings (WRI 95-4015)","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70194939,"text":"70194939 - 1996 - Water-vapor movement through unsaturated alluvium in Amargosa Desert near Beatty, Nevada - Current understanding and continuing studies: A section in Joint US Geological Survey, US Nuclear Regulatory Commission workshop on research related to low-level radioactive waste disposal, May 4-6, 1993, National Center, Reston, Virginia; Proceedings (WRI 95-4015)","indexId":"70194939","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"displayTitle":"Water-vapor movement through unsaturated alluvium in Amargosa Desert near Beatty, Nevada - Current understanding and continuing studies: A section in Joint US Geological Survey, US Nuclear Regulatory Commission workshop on research related to low-level radioactive waste disposal, May 4-6, 1993, National Center, Reston, Virginia; Proceedings (WRI 95-4015)","title":"Water-vapor movement through unsaturated alluvium in Amargosa Desert near Beatty, Nevada - Current understanding and continuing studies: A section in Joint US Geological Survey, US Nuclear Regulatory Commission workshop on research related to low-level radioactive waste disposal, May 4-6, 1993, National Center, Reston, Virginia; Proceedings (WRI 95-4015)"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":27920,"text":"wri954015 - 1996 - Joint US Geological Survey, US Nuclear Regulatory Commission workshop on research related to low-level radioactive waste disposal, May 4-6, 1993, National Center, Reston, Virginia; Proceedings","indexId":"wri954015","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"title":"Joint US Geological Survey, US Nuclear Regulatory Commission workshop on research related to low-level radioactive waste disposal, May 4-6, 1993, National Center, Reston, Virginia; Proceedings"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":27920,"text":"wri954015 - 1996 - Joint US Geological Survey, US Nuclear Regulatory Commission workshop on research related to low-level radioactive waste disposal, May 4-6, 1993, National Center, Reston, Virginia; Proceedings","indexId":"wri954015","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"title":"Joint US Geological Survey, US Nuclear Regulatory Commission workshop on research related to low-level radioactive waste disposal, May 4-6, 1993, National Center, Reston, Virginia; Proceedings"},"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-30T18:16:03","indexId":"70194939","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"displayTitle":"Water-vapor movement through unsaturated alluvium in Amargosa Desert near Beatty, Nevada - Current understanding and continuing studies: A section in Joint US Geological Survey, US Nuclear Regulatory Commission workshop on research related to low-level radioactive waste disposal, May 4-6, 1993, National Center, Reston, Virginia; Proceedings (WRI 95-4015)","title":"Water-vapor movement through unsaturated alluvium in Amargosa Desert near Beatty, Nevada - Current understanding and continuing studies: A section in Joint US Geological Survey, US Nuclear Regulatory Commission workshop on research related to low-level radioactive waste disposal, May 4-6, 1993, National Center, Reston, Virginia; Proceedings (WRI 95-4015)","docAbstract":"Disposal of low-level radioactive wastes has been a concern since the 1950's. These wastes commonly are buried in shallow trenches (Fischer, 1986, p. 2). Water infiltrating into the trenches is considered the principal process by which contaminants are transported away from the buried wastes, although gaseous transport in some areas may be important. Arid regions in the western United States have been suggested as places that could provide safe containment of the wastes, because little or no water would infiltrate into the trenches (Richardson, 1962), and because thick unsaturated zones would slow contaminant movement. Although burial in arid regions may greatly reduce the amount of water coming in contact with the waste and consequently may provide longterm containment, insufficient data are available on the effectiveness of burial in such regions. Of particular interest is the potential for contaminant movement, either as liquid or vapor, through unsaturated sediments to land surface or to underlying ground water.
Since 1962, low-level radioactive wastes have been buried at a disposal facility in the Amargosa Desert, about 17 km south of Beatty, Nevada (fig. 50). This facility is in one of the most arid regions of the United States. Annual precipitation at the disposal facility averaged 82 mm for 1985-92; the minimum was 14 mm, recorded for 1989 (Wood and Andraski, 1992, p. 12).
Investigations to determine the hydrogeology, water movement, and potential for contaminant movement at the facility began in 1976. Results from an initial study indicated that a potential exists for deep percolation of infiltrated water at the burial site (Nichols, 1987), assuming that the only water loss is by evaporation because the trenches are kept clear of vegetation. Results from a subsequent study of water movement beneath an undisturbed, vegetated site indicate that percolation of infiltrated water may be limited to the uppermost 9 m of sediments, on the basis of water potentials, subsurface temperatures, water content, and sodium chloride content of the sediments (Fischer, 1992, p. 1). One objective of a third study that began in 1987 is to determine how the typical procedure of burying wastes alters water movement and affects the potential for deep percolation of infiltrated water (Andraski, these proceedings). In addition to these studies, a fourth began in 1992 to determine the importance of vapor movement through the unsaturated zone.
The purpose of this paper is to summarize the current understanding of water movement (as liquid and vapor) through the upper 13 m of unsaturated sediments beneath the undisturbed, vegetated site and to present plans for determining the importance of watervapor movement from land surface to the water table.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Joint US Geological Survey, US Nuclear Regulatory Commission workshop on research related to low-level radioactive waste disposal, May 4-6, 1993, National Center, Reston, Virginia; Proceedings (WRI 95-4015)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"conferenceTitle":"Joint US Geological Survey, US Nuclear Regulatory Commission workshop on research related to low-level radioactive waste disposal","conferenceDate":" May 4-6, 1993","conferenceLocation":"Reston, VA","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Prudic, D.E., 1996, Water-vapor movement through unsaturated alluvium in Amargosa Desert near Beatty, Nevada - Current understanding and continuing studies: A section in Joint US Geological Survey, US Nuclear Regulatory Commission workshop on research related to low-level radioactive waste disposal, May 4-6, 1993, National Center, Reston, Virginia; Proceedings (WRI 95-4015), 10 p.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"157","endPage":"166","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":350823,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":350822,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4015/report.pdf#page=170","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Nye County","city":"Beatty","otherGeospatial":"Amargosa Desert","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a7192a9e4b0a9a2e9dbe033","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Stevens, Peter R.","contributorId":66239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stevens","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":726221,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nicholson, Thomas J.","contributorId":77790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nicholson","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":726222,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Prudic, David E. deprudic@usgs.gov","contributorId":3430,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prudic","given":"David","email":"deprudic@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":726227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1003501,"text":"1003501 - 1996 - Efficacy of formalin, hydrogen peroxide, and sodium chloride on fungal-infected rainbow trout eggs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-04T16:37:20.214501","indexId":"1003501","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":853,"text":"Aquaculture","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Efficacy of formalin, hydrogen peroxide, and sodium chloride on fungal-infected rainbow trout eggs","docAbstract":"Antifungal agents are essential for the maintenance of healthy stocks of fish and their eggs in intensive aquaculture operations. In the USA, formalin is the only fungicide approved for use in fish culture. However, hydrogen peroxide and sodium chloride have been granted low regulatory priority drug status by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and their use is allowed. We evaluated the efficacy of these fungicides for controlling fungal infections on rainbow trout eggs. A pilot study was conducted to determine the minimum water flow rate required to administer test chemicals accurately in Heath incubators. A minimum water flow rate of 7.6 1 min−1 was necessary to maintain treatment concentrations during flow-through chemical exposures. The antifungal activity of formalin, hydrogen peroxide, and sodium chloride was evaluated by treating uninfected and 10% fungal-infected (Saprolegnia parasitica) rainbow trout eggs (Oncorhynchus mykiss) for 15 min every other day until hatch. There were no significant differences among treatments in percent hatch or final infection for uninfected eggs receiving prophylactic chemical treatments. Eggs of the negative control group (uninfected and untreated) had a mean hatch exceeding 86%. All chemical treatments conducted on the infected egg groups controlled the spread of fungus and improved hatching success compared with the positive control groups (infected and untreated). Formalin treatments of 1000 and 1500 μl l−1 and hydrogen peroxide treatments of 500 and 1000 μl l−1 were the most effective. Sodium chloride treatments of 30 000 mg l−1 improved fry hatch, but the compound was less effective at inhibiting fungal growths compared with hydrogen peroxide and formalin treatments.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0044-8486(95)01182-X","usgsCitation":"Schreier, T.M., Rach, J.J., and Howe, G.E., 1996, Efficacy of formalin, hydrogen peroxide, and sodium chloride on fungal-infected rainbow trout eggs: Aquaculture, v. 140, no. 4, p. 323-331, https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(95)01182-X.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"323","endPage":"331","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199392,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"140","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a26e4b07f02db60f923","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schreier, Theresa M. 0000-0001-7722-6292 tschreier@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7722-6292","contributorId":3344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schreier","given":"Theresa","email":"tschreier@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":313407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rach, Jeffery J.","contributorId":42831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rach","given":"Jeffery","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Howe, George E.","contributorId":102570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howe","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1007989,"text":"1007989 - 1996 - Channel response to sediment wave propagation and movement, Redwood Creek, California, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-26T16:22:53.581882","indexId":"1007989","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1425,"text":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Channel response to sediment wave propagation and movement, Redwood Creek, California, USA","docAbstract":"Redwood Creek, north coastal California, USA, has experienced dramatic changes in channel configuration since the 1950s. A series of large floods (in 1955, 1964, 1972 and 1975) combined with the advent of widespread commercial timber harvest and road building resulted in extensive erosion in the basin and contributed high sediment loads to Redwood Creek. Since 1975, no peak flows have exceeded a 5 year recurrence interval.
Twenty years of cross-sectional survey data document the downstream movement of a ‘sediment wave’ in the lower 26 km of this gravel-bedded river at a rate of 800 to 1600 m a−1 during this period of moderately low flows. Higher transit rates are associated with reaches of higher unit stream power. The wave was initially deposited at a site with an abrupt decrease in channel gradient and increase in channel width. The amplitude of the wave has attenuated more than 1 m as it moved downstream, and the duration of the wave increased from eight years upstream to more than 20 years downstream.
Channel aggradation and subsequent degradation have been accommodated across the entire channel bed. Channel width has not decreased significantly after initial channel widening from large (>25 year recurrence interval) floods. Three sets of longitudinal surveys of the streambed showed the highest increase in pool depths and frequency in a degrading reach, but even the aggrading reach exhibited some pool development through time. The aggraded channel bed switched from functioning as a sediment sink to a significant sediment source as the channel adjusted to high sediment loads. From 1980 to 1990, sediment eroded from temporary channel storage represented about 25 per cent of the total sediment load and 95 per cent of the bedload exported from the basin.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/(SICI)1096-9837(199610)21:10%3C911::AID-ESP621%3E3.0.CO;2-1","usgsCitation":"Madej, M.A., and Ozaki, V., 1996, Channel response to sediment wave propagation and movement, Redwood Creek, California, USA: Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, v. 21, no. 10, p. 911-927, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9837(199610)21:10%3C911::AID-ESP621%3E3.0.CO;2-1.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"911","endPage":"927","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129932,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Redwood Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.94289142547694,\n 41.16348450971557\n ],\n [\n -123.97040294611885,\n 41.20584997331173\n ],\n [\n -124.01018883750852,\n 41.284774013603084\n ],\n [\n -124.03135154569458,\n 41.30385421694771\n ],\n [\n -124.08002577452208,\n 41.33087495097493\n ],\n [\n -124.09822570356216,\n 41.27300510634444\n ],\n [\n -124.05039798306181,\n 41.25550686298388\n ],\n [\n -124.0059562958714,\n 41.16921978515694\n ],\n [\n -123.94881698376923,\n 41.14723183663179\n ],\n [\n -123.92215197145491,\n 41.14627567154952\n ],\n [\n -123.94289142547694,\n 41.16348450971557\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"21","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e4e4b07f02db5e627f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Madej, Mary Ann 0000-0003-2831-3773 mary_ann_madej@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2831-3773","contributorId":40304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madej","given":"Mary","email":"mary_ann_madej@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Ann","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":316479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ozaki, Vicki","contributorId":201507,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ozaki","given":"Vicki","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70180835,"text":"70180835 - 1996 - Overview of fire history in the Jemez Mountains, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-23T12:25:51","indexId":"70180835","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Overview of fire history in the Jemez Mountains, New Mexico","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"New Mexico Geological Society Fall Field Conference Guidebook - 47: Jemez Mountains Region","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"New Mexico Geological Society, Forty-seventh Annual Field Conference","conferenceDate":"September 25-28, 1996","conferenceLocation":"Socorro, NM","language":"English","publisher":"New Mexico Geological Society","usgsCitation":"Allen, C.D., Touchan, R., and Swetnam, T., 1996, Overview of fire history in the Jemez Mountains, New Mexico, in New Mexico Geological Society Fall Field Conference Guidebook - 47: Jemez Mountains Region, Socorro, NM, September 25-28, 1996, p. 35-36.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"35","endPage":"36","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334719,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":350510,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://nmgs.nmt.edu/publications/guidebooks/47/"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Jemez Mountains","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5895a4c1e4b0fa1e59bc1e17","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Goff, Fraser","contributorId":45340,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goff","given":"Fraser","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725586,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kues, Barry S.","contributorId":114103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kues","given":"Barry","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725587,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rogers, Margaret Anne","contributorId":173094,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rogers","given":"Margaret","email":"","middleInitial":"Anne","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725588,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McFadden, Les D.","contributorId":139980,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McFadden","given":"Les","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725589,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gardner, Jamie N.","contributorId":806,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gardner","given":"Jamie","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725590,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":5}],"authors":[{"text":"Allen, Craig D. 0000-0002-8777-5989 craig_allen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8777-5989","contributorId":2597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"craig_allen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":662553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Touchan, R.","contributorId":49196,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Touchan","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Swetnam, Thomas W.","contributorId":90455,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Swetnam","given":"Thomas W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70180277,"text":"70180277 - 1996 - Effects of mitigative measures on productivity of white sturgeon populations in the Columbia River downstream from McNary Dam and status and habitat requirements of white sturgeon populations in the Columbia and Snake rivers upstream from McNary Dam. Report C","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-26T13:58:17","indexId":"70180277","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Effects of mitigative measures on productivity of white sturgeon populations in the Columbia River downstream from McNary Dam and status and habitat requirements of white sturgeon populations in the Columbia and Snake rivers upstream from McNary Dam. Report C","docAbstract":"Not abstract available
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Effects of mitigative measures on productivity of white sturgeon populations in the Columbia River downstream from McNary Dam and status and habitat requirements of white sturgeon populations in the Columbia and Snake rivers upstream from McNary Dam","language":"English","publisher":"Bonneville Power Administration","publisherLocation":"Portland, OR","usgsCitation":"Parsley, M., Counihan, T., Miller, A.I., Morgan, M., and Gallion, D., 1996, Effects of mitigative measures on productivity of white sturgeon populations in the Columbia River downstream from McNary Dam and status and habitat requirements of white sturgeon populations in the Columbia and Snake rivers upstream from McNary Dam. Report C, 38 p.","productDescription":"38 p.","startPage":"73","endPage":"110","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334074,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"588b1979e4b0ad67323f982a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parsley, M.J.","contributorId":59542,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parsley","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Counihan, T.D.","contributorId":9789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Counihan","given":"T.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, Allen I.","contributorId":31544,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Allen","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Morgan, M.N.","contributorId":178689,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morgan","given":"M.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gallion, D.","contributorId":178690,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gallion","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70180726,"text":"70180726 - 1996 - The role of water ventilation and sediment ingestion in the uptake of benzo[A]pyrene in gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-01T11:04:55","indexId":"70180726","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The role of water ventilation and sediment ingestion in the uptake of benzo[A]pyrene in gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum)","docAbstract":"The objective of this study was to determine whether sediment ingestion or water ventilation was the primary route of uptake for benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) in the gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum), a detritivorous fish. Two experiments were conducted in which fish were exposed to sediments spiked with 1 μg/g BaP. In the first experiment, fish were prevented from feeding by esophagus ligation. In the second experiment, 20 nonligated fish and 30 ligated fish were added to the aquarium. The nonligated fish roiled the water as they fed. Fish were collected 4, 8, 15, and 22 d after the experiments began. Gizzard shad metabolize BaP; therefore, the concentrations of BaP equivalents (parent BaP plus metabolite) were determined. Concentrations of BaP equivalents were significantly greater in the ligated fish in experiment 2 relative to those in experiment 1. In contrast, the concentration of BaP equivalents in the ligated fish in experiment 2 was not significantly different than that in the nonligated fish. Our results suggest that ventilation of turbid water may be a significant source of BaP for gizzard shad. Sediment ingestion, however, does not appear to significantly influence the total body concentration of BaP equivalents in gizzard shad.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/etc.5620151015","usgsCitation":"Kolok, A., Huckins, J.N., Petty, J.D., and Oris, J.T., 1996, The role of water ventilation and sediment ingestion in the uptake of benzo[A]pyrene in gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum): Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 15, no. 10, p. 1752-1759, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620151015.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1752","endPage":"1759","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334529,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1996-10-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58a02d79e4b099f50d3e04f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kolok, Alan","contributorId":76660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolok","given":"Alan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Huckins, James N.","contributorId":83454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huckins","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":662157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Petty, Jimmie D.","contributorId":175402,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Petty","given":"Jimmie","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Oris, James T.","contributorId":179017,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oris","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70006570,"text":"70006570 - 1996 - Mortality of passerines adjacent to a North Carolina corn field treated with granular carbofuran","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-09T11:18:16.374168","indexId":"70006570","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mortality of passerines adjacent to a North Carolina corn field treated with granular carbofuran","docAbstract":"Red-winged blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus) were collected during an epizootic in southeastern North Carolina (USA). Activity of brain cholinesterase (ChE) was inhibited by 14 to 48% in three of five specimens, and returned to normal levels after incubation. Gastrointestinal tracts were analyzed for 30 anti-ChE agents. Carbofuran, the only compound detected, was present in all specimens at levels from 5.44 to 72.7 μg/g wet weight. Application of granular carbofuran in an adjacent corn field, results of necropsy examinations, and chemical analyses are consistent with a diagnosis of carbofuran poisoning in these specimens.
During the fall of 1989 7.7Mg/ha of calcium carbonate was applied on two tributary catchments (40 ha and 60 ha) to Woods Lake, a small (25 ha) acidic headwater lake in the western Adirondack region of New York. Stream-water chemistry in both catchment tributaries responded immediately. Acid-neutralizing capacity (ANC) increased by more than 200 μeq/L in one of the streams and more than 1000 μeq/L in the other, from pre-liming values which ranged from −25 to +40 μeq/L. The increase in ANC was primarily due to increases in dissolved Ca2+ concentrations. Most of the initial response of the streams was due to the dissolution of calcite that fell directly into the stream channels and adjacent wetlands. A small beaver impoundment and associated wetlands were probably responsible for the greater response observed in one of the streams.
After the liming of subcatchmentIV (60 ha), Ca2+ concentrations increased with increasing stream discharge in the stream during fall rain events, suggesting a contribution from calcite dissolved within the soil and transported to the stream by surface runoff or shallow interflow. Concentrations of other ions not associated with the calcite (e.g. Na+) decreased during fall rain events, presumably due to mixing of solute-rich base flow with more dilute shallow interflow. The strong relation between changes in Ca2+ and changes in NO −3 concentrations during spring snowmelt, (r2 = 0.93, slope = 0.96, on an equivalent basis) suggests that both solutes had a common source in the organic horizon of the soil. Increases in NO −3 concentrations during snowmelt were balanced by increases in Ca2+ that was released either directly from the calcite or from exchange sites, mitigating episodic acidification of the stream. However, high ambient NO −3 concentrations and relatively low ambient Ca2+ concentrations in the stream during the spring caused the stream to become acidic despite the CaCO3 treatment.
In stream WO2 (40ha), Ca2+ concentrations were much higher than in stream WO4 because of the dissolution of calcite which fell directly into the upstream beaver pond and its associated wetlands. Calcium concentrations decreased as both NO −3 concentrations and stream discharge increased, due to the dilution of Ca-enriched beaver pond water by shallow interflow. Despite this dilution, Ca2+ concentrations were high enough to more than balance strong acid anion (SO −4 , NO −3 , Cl−) concentrations, resulting in a positive ANC in this stream throughout the year. These data indicate that liming of wetlands and beaver ponds is more effective than whole catchment liming in neutralizing acidic surface waters.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF02187143","usgsCitation":"Newton, R.M., Burns, D.A., Blette, V.L., and Driscoll, C.T., 1996, Effect of whole catchment liming on the episodic acidification of two Adirondack streams: Biogeochemistry, v. 32, no. 3, p. 299-322, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02187143.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"299","endPage":"322","numberOfPages":"24","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":228897,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"32","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a062fe4b0c8380cd51139","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Newton, R. M.","contributorId":66741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newton","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burns, Douglas A. 0000-0001-6516-2869","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6516-2869","contributorId":29450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burns","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Blette, V. L.","contributorId":61191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blette","given":"V.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Driscoll, C. T.","contributorId":47530,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Driscoll","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70018111,"text":"70018111 - 1996 - Streamflow-induced variations in nitrate flux in tributaries to the Atlantic coastal zone","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-25T15:57:45.121796","indexId":"70018111","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1007,"text":"Biogeochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Streamflow-induced variations in nitrate flux in tributaries to the Atlantic coastal zone","docAbstract":"Streamflow-related variability in nutrient flux represents an important source of uncertainty in managing nutrient inputs to coastal ecosystems. Quantification of flux variability is of particular interest to coastal resource managers in adopting effective nutrient-reduction goals and monitoring progress towards these goals. We used historical records of streamflow and water-quality measurements for 104 river monitoring stations in an analysis of variability in annual and seasonal flux of nitrate to the Atlantic coastal zone. We present two measures of temporal flux variability: the coefficient of variation (CV) and the exceedence probability (EP) of 1.5 times the median flux. The magnitude of flux variations spans a very wide range and depends importantly upon the season of year and the climatic and land-use characteristics of the tributary watersheds. Year-to-year variations (CV) in annual mean flux range over two orders of magnitude, from 3-200% of the long-term mean flux, although variations more typically range from 20-40% of the long term mean. The annual probability of exceeding the long term median flux by more than 50% (EP) is less than 0.10 in most rivers, but is between 0.10 and 0.35 in 40% of the rivers. Year- to-year variability in seasonal mean flux commonly exceeds that in annual flux by a factor of 1.5 to 4. In western Gulf of Mexico coastal rivers, the year-to- year variability in the seasonal mean flux is larger than in other regions, and is of a similar magnitude in all seasons. By contrast, in Atlantic coastal rivers, the winter and spring seasons, which account for about 70% of the annual flux, display the smallest relative variability in seasonal mean flux. We quantify the elasticity of nutrient flux to hypothetical changes in streamflow (i.e., the percent increase in flux per percentage increase in mean discharge) to allow the approximation of flux variability from streamflow records and the estimation of the effects of future climatically induced changes in streamflow on nutrient flux. Flux elasticities are less than unity (median = 0.93%) at most stations, but vary widely from 0.05 % to 1.59%. Elasticities above unity occur most frequently in the largest rivers and in rivers draining the arid portions of the western Gulf of Mexico Basin. Historical flux variability and elasticity generally increase with the extent of arid conditions and the quantity of nonurban land use in the watershed. We extend the analysis of flux variability to examine several case studies of highly unusual meteorological events capable of significantly elevating nitrate flux and degrading estuarine ecology.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF02181070","usgsCitation":"Alexander, R.B., Murdoch, P., and Smith, R.A., 1996, Streamflow-induced variations in nitrate flux in tributaries to the Atlantic coastal zone: Biogeochemistry, v. 33, no. 3, p. 149-177, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02181070.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"149","endPage":"177","numberOfPages":"29","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":228505,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9b3ce4b08c986b31cd58","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alexander, R. B.","contributorId":108103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alexander","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":378506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Murdoch, Peter S.","contributorId":73547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murdoch","given":"Peter S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":378505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, R. A.","contributorId":60584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":378504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1002895,"text":"1002895 - 1996 - Determination of benzocaine in rainbow trout plasma","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-27T13:00:20.268072","indexId":"1002895","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2143,"text":"Journal of AOAC International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determination of benzocaine in rainbow trout plasma","docAbstract":"A liquid chromatographic method is described for analysis of benzocaine (BZ), a proposed fish anesthetic, in rainbow trout plasma. Mean recoveries of BZ from plasma samples fortified at 44–10 100 ng/mL were 96–100%. The method detection limit is 10 ng/mL, and the limit of quantitation is 37 ng/mL. Acetylation of BZ occurs in whole blood after storage at room temperature (i.e., 21 °C) for 10 min. However, no acetylation of BZ was detected in plasma samples held at room temperature for 4 h. Mean method precision for plasma samples with incurred BZ residue is similar to that for fortified samples in the same concentration range (relative standard deviations of 0.9 and 1.2%, respectively).
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/jaoac/79.3.623","usgsCitation":"Bernardy, J.A., Coleman, K., Stehly, G., and Gingerich, W.H., 1996, Determination of benzocaine in rainbow trout plasma: Journal of AOAC International, v. 79, no. 3, p. 623-627, https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/79.3.623.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"623","endPage":"627","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479062,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/79.3.623","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":131263,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"79","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-01-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db667894","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bernardy, Jeffery A.","contributorId":84704,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bernardy","given":"Jeffery","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coleman, K.S.","contributorId":42170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coleman","given":"K.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stehly, G. R.","contributorId":34081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stehly","given":"G. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gingerich, William H.","contributorId":36086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gingerich","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}