The U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency are jointly studying the hydrology of a long-existing natural wetland and a recently restored wetland in the Kankakee River Valley in northwestern Indiana. In characterizing the two wetlands, project investigators are testing innovative methods to identify the analytical tools best suited for evaluating the success of wetland restoration. Investigators also are examining and comparing the relations between hydrology and restored wetland vegetation.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs10499","usgsCitation":"Bayless, E.R., Arihood, L.D., Sidle, W.C., and Pavlovic, N.B., 1999, A Study of Natural and Restored Wetland Hydrology: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 104-99, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs10499.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":12871,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1999/fs104-99/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":117802,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_104_99.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -88,40.5 ], [ -88,42 ], [ -85.5,42 ], [ -85.5,40.5 ], [ -88,40.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd496ae4b0b290850ef257","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bayless, E. Randall 0000-0002-0357-3635","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0357-3635","contributorId":42586,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bayless","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"Randall","affiliations":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":151262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Arihood, Leslie D. 0000-0001-5792-3699 larihood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5792-3699","contributorId":2357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arihood","given":"Leslie","email":"larihood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":151261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sidle, William C.","contributorId":47885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sidle","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":151263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pavlovic, Noel B. 0000-0002-2335-2274 npavlovic@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2335-2274","contributorId":1976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pavlovic","given":"Noel","email":"npavlovic@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":151260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":24320,"text":"ofr99607 - 1999 - Hydrologic data for the Columbia/Eagle Bluffs Wetland Complex, Columbia, Missouri-1993-96","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-26T23:05:57.413823","indexId":"ofr99607","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-607","title":"Hydrologic data for the Columbia/Eagle Bluffs Wetland Complex, Columbia, Missouri-1993-96","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Missouri Department of Conservation and the city of Columbia, Missouri, collected hydrologic data from September 1993 through October 1996 as part of a hydrologic characterization of the Columbia/Eagle Bluffs Wetland Complex. The wetland complex was constructed in the Missouri River alluvial plain adjacent to the Columbia municipal supply wells. Part of the wetland complex was designed to treat sewage effluent from Columbia, with the treated effluent being used as the primary water source for wetland management practices on the Eagle Bluffs Wildlife Area. This report presents hydrologic data and the procedures used to collect the data, which include water-quality analyses of samples collected quarterly from 28 wells and 2 surface-water sites. Four additional wells were incorporated into the monitoring network in November 1994 and also were sampled quarterly. Data from these 4 wells also are included.
Water samples were analyzed for specific conductance, pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, bacteria, alkalinity, major cations and anions, nutrients, trace elements, and total and dissolved organic carbon. Dissolved nitrite plus nitrate as nitrogen concentrations were equal to or less than 5.2 milligrams per liter for all ground-water samples and were equal to or less than 2.7 milligrams per liter in surface-water samples. Dissolved phosphorous concentrations ranged from less than 0.01 to 2.2 milligrams per liter in the ground-water samples, and from less than 0.01 to 0.19 milli-grams per liter in the surface-water samples. Fecal coliform bacteria counts ranged from less than 1 to 39 colonies per 100 milliliters for ground-water samples, and from 1 to greater than 6,000 colonies per 100 milliliters for surface-water samples. Fecal streptococcus bacteria counts ranged from less than 1 to 92 colonies per 100 milliliters for ground-water samples, and from 2 to greater than 10,000 colonies per 100 milliliters for surface-water samples. Samples for well USGS-6 had dissolved arsenic concentrations that exceeded 50 micrograms per liter. Dissolved manganese concentrations exceeded 50 micrograms per liter at least once for each site except for USGS-9S. Dissolved iron concentrations exceeded 300 micro-grams per liter at least once for 28 of 34 sites.
Samples from 8 of the 32 wells and both surface-water sites were analyzed for base/neutral/ acid semi-volatile organic compounds, selected pesticides, selected organochlorine compounds, and purgeable volatile organic compounds. All but one of the organic compounds detected in the samples collected from the monitoring wells or surface-water sites were pesticides. Atrazine was detected consistently at both surface-water sites. Other frequently detected pesticides include metolachlor, diazinon, chlorpyrifos, prometon, and simazine.
Following the 1993 Missouri River flood samples of residual flood water and flood-deposited sediments were collected from the Columbia/ Eagle Bluffs Wetland Complex. A brief description of the flooding and damage to the study area is presented. Methods of collection of the four residual flood water and the four flood-deposited sediment samples, as well as the analytical results of these samples, are included in this report. Data from two continuous water-level recorders and from quarterly water-level measurements in wells also are included.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr99607","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Missouri Department of Conservation and the City of Columbia","usgsCitation":"Richards, J.M., 1999, Hydrologic data for the Columbia/Eagle Bluffs Wetland Complex, Columbia, Missouri-1993-96: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-607, iii, 91 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99607.","productDescription":"iii, 91 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":399723,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0607/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":156176,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0607/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","city":"Columbia","otherGeospatial":"Columbia/Eagle Bluffs Wetland Complex","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.4667,\n 38.8194\n ],\n [\n -92.3844,\n 38.8194\n ],\n [\n -92.3844,\n 38.9056\n ],\n [\n -92.4667,\n 38.9056\n ],\n [\n -92.4667,\n 38.8194\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a25e4b07f02db60eb3d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Richards, Joseph M. 0000-0002-9822-2706 richards@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9822-2706","contributorId":2370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richards","given":"Joseph","email":"richards@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":191688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":28396,"text":"wri994112 - 1999 - Health of native riparian vegetation and its relation to hydrologic conditions along the Mojave River, southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-11T21:08:48.568744","indexId":"wri994112","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4112","title":"Health of native riparian vegetation and its relation to hydrologic conditions along the Mojave River, southern California","docAbstract":"The health of native riparian vegetation and its relation to hydrologic conditions were studied along the Mojave River mainly during the growing seasons of 1997 and 1998. The study concentrated on cottonwood-willow woodlands (predominantly Populus fremontii and Salix gooddingii) and mesquite bosques (predominantly Prosopis glandulosa). Tree-growth characteristics were measured at 16 cottonwood-willow woodland sites and at 3 mesquite bosque sites. Density of live and dead trees, tree diameter and height, canopy density, live-crown volume, leaf-water potential, leaf-area index, mortality, and reproduction were measured or noted at each site. The sites included healthy and reproducing woodlands and bosques, stressed woodlands and bosques with no reproduction, and woodlands and bosques with high mortality.
Tree roots were studied at seven sites to determine the vertical distribution of the root system and their relation to the water table at healthy, stressed, and high-mortality cottonwood-willow woodlands. In the six trenches that were dug for this study in May 1997, no cottonwood roots were observed that reached the water table. The root systems of healthy trees typically ended 1 to 2 feet above the water table. At sites with high mortality, the main root mass was commonly 7 to 8 feet above the water table.
Water-table depth was monitored at each of the study sites. In addition, volumetric soil moisture and soil-water potential were monitored at varying depths at three cottonwood-willow woodland study sites and at two mesquite bosque sites. Ground, soil, river, lake, and plant (xylem sap) water were analyzed for concentrations of stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopes to determine the source of water used by the trees.
On the basis of the root-distribution, soil- and leaf-water potential, and isotope data, it was concluded that cottonwood, willow, and mesquite trees mainly rely on ground water for their perennial sustained supply of water. The trees mainly utilize ground water that has moved upward from the water table into the capillary fringe and into unsaturated soil nearer to land surface. Most precipitation (average is 4 to 6 inches per year) is lost by evaporation and by transpiration of shallow-rooted xeric plants, and very little reaches the root zone of trees along the Mojave River.
Water-table depth had no strong correlation to many individual tree-growth characteristics, such as density, diameter, height, and live-crown volume. However, leaf-area index (corrected for stem area) of both healthy and stressed cottonwood-willow woodlands had a highly significant statistical relation to water-table depth, and a curvilinear regression model was defined. As in cottonwood-willow woodlands, leaf-area index of mesquite bosques also decreased with increased water-table depth. However, because of the small number of sites, no significant statistical relation could be defined for mesquite bosques. Because it can be accurately measured repeatedly at the same locations, leaf-area index (corrected for stem area) is recommended as the primary growth characteristic that should be monitored. Future vegetation changes along the Mojave River can be quantified using the sites established for this study.
Mortality was as high as 39 percent in healthy cottonwood-willow woodlands, but mortality of 50 to 100 percent was common where water-table depth was greater than about 7 feet or in areas where permanent water-table declines greater than about 5 feet had occurred. At a healthy mesquite bosque where the water-table depth ranged from about 8 to 11 feet, mortality was about 20 percent. Where the water table had been lowered an additional 10 to 25 feet by pumping, mortality of the mesquite was extremely high (80 to 99 percent).
On the basis of observations of plant reproduction, it was concluded that established cottonwood-willow woodlands probably will reproduce, mainly by root sprouting of mature trees, if the water-table depth during spring and early summer is less than about 5 feet and if there is sufficient sunlight. Likewise, reproduction in established mesquite bosques will probably occur by root sprouting if the water-table depth during spring and early summer is less than about 8 feet. Germination of cottonwood and willow seeds is common during spring in dry channels following winter stormflows in the Mojave River. However, most of the seedlings die before their roots reach a perennial water supply near the water table, and established stands of trees resulting from seed germination are rare.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri994112","usgsCitation":"Lines, G.C., 1999, Health of native riparian vegetation and its relation to hydrologic conditions along the Mojave River, southern California: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4112, iv, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994112.","productDescription":"iv, 28 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":411743,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_22565.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":159394,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4112/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":95711,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4112/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Mojave River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.441,\n 35.062\n ],\n [\n -117.441,\n 34.321\n ],\n [\n -116.312,\n 34.321\n ],\n [\n -116.312,\n 35.062\n ],\n [\n -117.441,\n 35.062\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6ae4b07f02db63c880","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lines, Gregory C.","contributorId":50502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lines","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":26091,"text":"wri994212 - 1999 - Numerical simulation of vertical ground-water flux of the Rio Grande from ground-water temperature profiles, central New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-02T19:35:31","indexId":"wri994212","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4212","displayTitle":"Numerical Simulation of Vertical Ground-Water Flux of the Rio Grande from Ground-Water Temperature Profiles, Central New Mexico","title":"Numerical simulation of vertical ground-water flux of the Rio Grande from ground-water temperature profiles, central New Mexico","docAbstract":"An important gap in the understanding of the hydrology of the Middle Rio Grande Basin, central New Mexico, is the rate at which water from the Rio Grande recharges the Santa Fe Group aquifer system. Several methodologies-including use of the Glover-Balmer equation, flood pulses, and channel permeameters- have been applied to this problem in the Middle Rio Grande Basin. In the work presented here, ground-water temperature profiles and ground-water levels beneath the Rio Grande were measured and numerically simulated at four sites. The direction and rate of vertical ground-water flux between the river and underlying aquifer was simulated and the effective vertical hydraulic conductivity of the sediments underlying the river was estimated through model calibration.
Seven sets of nested piezometers were installed during July and August 1996 at four sites along the Rio Grande in the Albuquerque area, though only four of the piezometer nests were simulated. In downstream order, these four sites are (1) the Bernalillo site, upstream from the New Mexico State Highway 44 bridge in Bernalillo (piezometer nest BRN02); (2) the Corrales site, upstream from the Rio Rancho sewage treatment plant in Rio Rancho (COR01); (3) the Paseo del Norte site, upstream from the Paseo del Norte bridge in Albuquerque (PDN01); and (4) the Rio Bravo site, upstream from the Rio Bravo bridge in Albuquerque (RBR01). All piezometers were completed in the inner-valley alluvium of the Santa Fe Group aquifer system. Ground-water levels and temperatures were measured in the four piezometer nests a total of seven times in the 24-month period from September 1996 through August 1998.
The flux between the surface- and ground-water systems at each of the field sites was quantified by one-dimensional numerical simulation of the water and heat exchange in the subsurface using the heat and water transport model VS2DH. Model calibration was aided by the use of PEST, a model-independent computer program that uses nonlinear parameter estimation. Mean vertical hydraulic conductivities were estimated by model calibration and range from 1.5x10-5 to 5.8x10-6 meters per second (m/s). Mean simulated vertical ground-water flux for the BRN02 piezometer nest is 3.30x10-7 m/s; for the COR01 piezometer nest is 3.58x10-7 m/s; for the PDN01 piezometer nest is 4.22x10-7 m/s; and for the RBR01 piezometer nest is 2.05x10-7 m/s. Comparison of the simulated vertical fluxes and vertical hydraulic conductivities derived from this study with values from other studies in the Middle Rio Grande Basin indicate agreement between 1 and 3.5 orders of magnitude for hydraulic conductivity and within 1 order of magnitude for vertical flux.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri994212","usgsCitation":"Bartolino, J.R., and Niswonger, R.G., 1999, Numerical simulation of vertical ground-water flux of the Rio Grande from ground-water temperature profiles, central New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4212, iv, 40 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994212.","productDescription":"iv, 40 p.","numberOfPages":"45","costCenters":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":54859,"rank":299,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4212/wrir994212.pdf","text":"Report","size":"346 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRIR 1999–4212"},{"id":124469,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4212/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","geographicExtents":" {\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -108.3251953125,\n 32.731840896865684\n ],\n [\n -103.447265625,\n 32.731840896865684\n ],\n [\n -103.447265625,\n 36.03133177633187\n ],\n [\n -108.3251953125,\n 36.03133177633187\n ],\n [\n -108.3251953125,\n 32.731840896865684\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, New Mexico Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6700 Edith Blvd NE
Albuquerque, NM 87113
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr9955","usgsCitation":"Hornberger, M.I., Luoma, S., Cain, D., Parchaso, F., Brown, C., Bouse, R., Wellise, C., and Thompson, J., 1999, Bioaccumulation of metals by the bivalve Macoma balthica at a site in South San Francisco Bay between 1977 and 1997: Long-term trends and associated biological effects with changing pollutant loadings: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-55, 42 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9955.","productDescription":"42 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":169648,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.00292968749999,\n 37.33522435930639\n ],\n [\n -121.78344726562499,\n 37.33522435930639\n ],\n [\n -121.78344726562499,\n 38.229550455326134\n ],\n [\n -123.00292968749999,\n 38.229550455326134\n ],\n [\n -123.00292968749999,\n 37.33522435930639\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db625f98","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hornberger, Michelle I. 0000-0002-7787-3446","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7787-3446","contributorId":23574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hornberger","given":"Michelle","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Luoma, S. N.","contributorId":86353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luoma","given":"S. N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cain, D.","contributorId":31912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cain","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Parchaso, F.","contributorId":101037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parchaso","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brown, C.","contributorId":21484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bouse, R.","contributorId":89956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bouse","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wellise, C.J.","contributorId":50203,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wellise","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Thompson, John","contributorId":37937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"John","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":241208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":25456,"text":"wri984245 - 1999 - Distribution of major herbicides in ground water of the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-29T11:34:13","indexId":"wri984245","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4245","title":"Distribution of major herbicides in ground water of the United States","docAbstract":"Information on the concentrations and spatial distributions of pesticides and their transformation products, or degradates, in the hydrologic system is essential for managing pesticide use in both agricultural and nonagricultural settings to protect water resources. This report examines the occurrence of selected herbicides and their degradates in ground water, primarily on the basis of results from two large-scale, multistate investigations by the U.S. Geological Survey—the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program and the Midwest Pesticide Study (MWPS). The NAWQA pesticide data were derived from 2,227 sites (wells and springs) sampled in 20 major hydrologic basins across the United States from 1993 to 1995; the MWPS data were obtained from the sampling of 303 wells in a 12-state area of the northern midcontinent from 1991 to 1994. Data are presented for seven high-use herbicides: five of current interest to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for designing Pesticide Management Plans (atrazine, cyanazine, simazine, alachlor and metolachlor), a largely nonagricultural herbicide (prometon), and an agricultural herbicide first registered in 1994 for use in the United States (acetochlor).
\nSix of the herbicides (all except acetochlor) were detected by the U.S. Geological Survey studies in shallow ground water—that is, ground water recharged within the past 10 years—in a variety of agricultural and nonagricultural settings, as well as in several aquifers that are sources of drinking-water supply. Acetochlor was not detected by the MWPS in the summer of 1994, but was detected in shallow ground water during the NAWQA Program by early 1995, and during another U.S. Geological Survey study in Iowa during the summers of 1995 and 1996. The acetochlor observations suggest that, in agreement with results from previous field studies, some pesticides may be detected in shallow ground water within 1 year following their application.
\nIn accord with the results from other largescale multistate studies of pesticides in ground water, more than 98 percent of the detections during the NAWQA and MWPS investigations were at concentrations of less than 1 microgram per liter. Consequently, water quality criteria for drinking water—that is, standards established to protect human health—were exceeded at fewer than 0.1 percent of the sites sampled by NAWQA (all of these exceedances involving atrazine alone) and at none of those sampled in 1992 by the MWPS. These criteria, however, may not accurately reflect the overall health risks associated with pesticide detections in water resources because they have been established only for a relatively small number of pesticides and they do not account for the additive or synergistic effects of mixtures, impacts on the health of aquatic ecosystems, or the effects of pesticide degradates. Among the sites sampled during the NAWQA and MWPS investigations, 19.7 and 13.8 percent, respectively, had detections of two or more of the herbicides of interest. Furthermore, for most of the herbicides for which degradates were examined, detection frequencies for major degradates were typically higher than for their respective parent compounds, particularly for the herbicides that are less persistent in aerobic soil.
\nFrequencies of detection at or above 0.01 microgram per liter in shallow ground water beneath agricultural areas during the NAWQA study were significantly correlated with agricultural use in those areas for atrazine, cyanazine, alachlor, and metolachlor (P<0.05; Spearman rank correlations), but not for simazine (P>0.05). In urban areas, overall frequencies of detection of these five herbicides in shallow ground water were positively correlated with their total nonagricultural use nationwide (P=0.026; simple linear correlation). Multivariate statistical analysis indicated that frequencies of detection in shallow ground water beneath agricultural areas were positively correlated with half-lives for transformation in aerobic soil and agricultural use of the compounds (P≤0.0001 for both parameters). Although frequencies of detection were not significantly correlated with their subsurface mobility (Koc; P=0.19) or the median well depths of the sampled networks (P=0.72), the range of Koc values among the five herbicides and the range of well depths were limited.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri984245","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pesticide Programs","usgsCitation":"Barbash, J.E., Thelin, G.P., Kolpin, D.W., and Gilliom, R.J., 1999, Distribution of major herbicides in ground water of the United States: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4245, ix, 57 p. : ill. (some col.), col. maps ; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984245.","productDescription":"ix, 57 p. : ill. 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1998","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-19T13:23:13","indexId":"wri994031","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4031","title":"Selected hydrologic features of the Lake Tahoe Basin and surrounding area, California and Nevada, 1998","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri994031","usgsCitation":"Smith, J.L., Stone, J., Rowe, T., and Gardener, J., 1999, Selected hydrologic features of the Lake Tahoe Basin and surrounding area, California and Nevada, 1998: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4031, 1 sheet, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994031.","productDescription":"1 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LaRue jlsmith@usgs.gov","contributorId":1863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"J.","email":"jlsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"LaRue","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":230646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stone, J.C.","contributorId":65870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rowe, T.G.","contributorId":105732,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowe","given":"T.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gardener, J.V.","contributorId":61472,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gardener","given":"J.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":28671,"text":"wri984230 - 1999 - Synoptic survey of septic indicators in streams and springs at Monte Sano Mountain, Madison County, Alabama, January 29-31, 1998","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-04T18:37:42.3393","indexId":"wri984230","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4230","title":"Synoptic survey of septic indicators in streams and springs at Monte Sano Mountain, Madison County, Alabama, January 29-31, 1998","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey conducted a synoptic investigation of fecal bacterial pollution in headwater streams and springs on Monte Sano Mountain. A total of 18 sites were sampled over a 3 day period in late January 1998. Fifteen of the sites were located hydrologically downgradient from residential areas on top of Monte Sano Mountain. Three additional sites were selected as background sites in unpopulated areas on Huntsville Mountain, south of Monte Sano Mountain. Sampling was conducted during a period of high baseflow after a recent storm when no surface runoff was present. Any contaminants identified in the streams and springs were likely derived from ground-water discharge because overland flow was not evident.\r\nFour of the five sites in the Pottsville-Pennington unit (uppermost) with the highest concentration of residential land use had Escherichia coli (E. coli) concentrations that were more than 25 times the background level. In contrast, with the exception of one site, E. coli concentrations in the Bangor-Monteagle unit (middle) and Tuscumbia unit (lowermost) were at or near background levels. Caffeine was also detected in the Pottsville-Pennington unit at a site with one of the highest densities of E. coli. Elevated levels of nitrate and chloride were also identified at sites in the Pottsville-Pennington unit.\r\nThe results of this synoptic sampling event identified elevated concentrations of fecal bacteria in the Pottsville-Pennington unit at the top of the mountain. These elevated bacterial concentrations occurred in conjunction with caffeine detection and elevated levels of nitrate and chloride. This indicates that there is a potential water-quality problem related to discharge from the shallow ground-water system. These sites are located in close proximity to residential development, indicating that the most probable source of the elevated fecal bacterial concentrations was septic tank effluent.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri984230","usgsCitation":"McPherson, A.K., and Mooty, W.S., 1999, Synoptic survey of septic indicators in streams and springs at Monte Sano Mountain, Madison County, Alabama, January 29-31, 1998: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4230, iv, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984230.","productDescription":"iv, 18 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":404836,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_49046.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":158366,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4230/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":95723,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4230/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama","county":"Madison County","otherGeospatial":"Monte Sano Mountain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -86.5536,\n 34.625\n ],\n [\n -86.5,\n 34.625\n ],\n [\n -86.5,\n 34.75\n ],\n [\n -86.5536,\n 34.75\n ],\n [\n -86.5536,\n 34.625\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adfe4b07f02db687d47","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McPherson, Ann K.","contributorId":15240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McPherson","given":"Ann","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mooty, Will S. wsmooty@usgs.gov","contributorId":3878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mooty","given":"Will","email":"wsmooty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":200205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":29627,"text":"wri994086 - 1999 - Stratigraphy and hydrologic conditions at the Brookhaven National Laboratory and vicinity, Suffolk County, New York, 1994-97","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:01","indexId":"wri994086","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4086","title":"Stratigraphy and hydrologic conditions at the Brookhaven National Laboratory and vicinity, Suffolk County, New York, 1994-97","docAbstract":"Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) has installed many test borings as part of an effort to delineate the extent of ground-water contamination at the site. In 1994, the U.S. Geological Survey began a study in cooperation with BNL to define the stratigraphy in the 28-square-mile area encompassing BNL, and to monitor ground-water levels in the 300 squaremile area of central Suffolk County that surrounds BNL. The uppermost geologic units at BNL are of Pleistocene age. These sediments are underlain unconformably by the Matawan Group-Magothy Formation, undifferentiated (referred to as the Magothy Formation), of Cretaceous age, which typically consists of light- to dark-gray, variably sorted sand interbedded with light- to dark-gray clay layers; it also contains beds of grayish-brown to brownish-gray sand. Bed thicknesses differ substantially within each boring and tend to be laterally discontinuous as a result of their terrestrial deltaic depositional environment, although a prominent clay unit, referred to as the ?grayish-brown clay? in this report, was encountered at many borings. Pollen-sample analyses confirm that this unit is of Cretaceous age and is the uppermost unit of Cretaceous sediments in several parts of the study area. The upper surface of the Cretaceous deposits is irregular within the 28-square-mile study area and has relief of about 120 feet. Several prominent channels and ridges in the surface are aligned generally northwest-southeast. The Cretaceous surface beneath BNL is characterized more by local erosional features than by the regional cuesta shape that was suggested by previous authors. The overlying Pleistocene-aged units include (1) a sand layer overlain by the Gardiners Clay, (2) the Gardiners Clay, and (3) upper Pleistocene deposits, which include the Upton unit, glacial outwash, glaciolacustrine deposits, and terminal moraine deposits. The sand unit below the Gardiners Clay was the first Pleistocene unit to be deposited atop the irregular surface of the Cretaceous deposits in this area. The Gardiners Clay was deposited during a major rise in sea level as the sea encroached into parts of the present-day BNL study area. The shallow part of the upper Pleistocene deposits generally consists of light-brown sand and gravel but overlies green to grayish-green, variably sorted sand, silt, and clay at altitudes of 50 to 70 feet below sea level in some parts of the study area. This lower part of the upper Pleistocene deposits in the study area was referred to by previous investigators as the unidentified unit and has been designated as the Upton unit in this report. The discharge of ground water to the Peconic and Carmans Rivers locally affects the water-table configuration. The main ground-water divide on Long Island is about 0.5 miles north of the site; a secondary divide originates near the start of flow of the Peconic River and extends east-southeastward toward the South Fork. The water-table configuration on the BNL site is affected by pumping from supply wells and remediation wells, by infiltration of the water through recharge basins, by discharge from the sewage-treatment plant, and by local near-surface clay units. The horizontal hydraulic gradient at BNL typically is 0.001 foot per foot but can steepen near recharge basins and pumping wells. Vertical flow gradients within the upper Pleistocene deposits (upper glacial aquifer) were as large as 0.007 foot per foot (downward) in the northern part of BNL and were negligible in the southern part. Downward vertical gradients between the lower part of the upper glacial aquifer and the upper part of the Magothy Formation (Magothy aquifer) were about 0.018 foot per foot throughout the site.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri994086","usgsCitation":"Scorca, M.P., Dorsch, W.R., and Paquette, D.E., 1999, Stratigraphy and hydrologic conditions at the Brookhaven National Laboratory and vicinity, Suffolk County, New York, 1994-97: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4086, v, 55 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994086.","productDescription":"v, 55 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":95773,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4086/report.pdf","size":"8287","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":159858,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4086/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8ecf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scorca, Michael P.","contributorId":38545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scorca","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dorsch, William R.","contributorId":45703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorsch","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Paquette, Douglas E.","contributorId":107274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paquette","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":54237,"text":"wdrMARI981 - 1999 - Water Resources Data for Massachusetts and Rhode Island, 1998","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:17","indexId":"wdrMARI981","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"MA-RI-98-1","title":"Water Resources Data for Massachusetts and Rhode Island, 1998","docAbstract":"INTRODUCTION\r\n\r\nThe Water Resources Division of the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with State agencies, obtains a large amount of data pertaining to the water resources of Massachusetts and Rhode Island each water year. These data, accumulated during many water years, constitute a valuable data base for developing an improved understanding of the water resources of the States. To make these data readily available to interested parties outside the Geological Survey, the data are published annually in this report series entitled 'Water Resources Data-Massachusetts and Rhode Island.'\r\n\r\nHydrologic data are also available through the Massachusetts-Rhode Island District Home Page on the world-wide web (http://ma.water.usgs.gov). Historical data and real-time data (for sites equipped with satellite gageheight telemeter) are also available. The home page also contains a link to the U.S. Geological Survey National Home Page where streamflow data from locations throughout the United States can be retrieved.\r\n\r\nThis report series includes records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; contents of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels of ground-water wells. This volume contains discharge records at 93 gaging stations; monthend contents of 4 lakes and reservoirs; water quality at 22 gaging stations; and water levels for 139 observation wells. Locations of these sites are shown in figures 1 and 2. Miscellaneous hydrologic data were collected at various sites that were not involved in the systematic data-collection program and are published as miscellaneous discharge measurements. The data in this report represent that part of the National Water Data System operated by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State and Federal agencies in Massachusetts and Rhode Island.\r\n\r\nThis series of annual reports for Massachusetts and Rhode Island began with the 1961 water year with a report that contained only data relating to the quantities of surface water. For the 1964 water year, a similar report was introduced that contained only data relating to water quality. Beginning with the 1975 water year, the report format was changed to present, in one volume, data on quantities of surface water, quality of surface and ground water, and ground-water levels.\r\n\r\nPrior to introduction of this series and for several water years concurrent with it, water-resources data for Massachusetts and Rhode Island were published in U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Papers. Data on stream discharge and stage and on lake or reservoir contents and stage, through September 1960, were published annually under the title 'Surface-Water Supply of the United States, Parts 1A and 1B.' For the 1961 through 1970 water years, the data were published in two 5-year reports. Data on chemical quality, temperature, and suspended sediment for the 1941 through 1970 water years were published annually under the title 'Quality of Surface Waters of the United States,' and water levels for the 1939 through 1974 water years were published under the title 'Ground-Water Levels in the United States.' The above mentioned Water-Supply Papers may be consulted in the libraries of the principal cities of the United States and may be purchased from U.S. Geological Survey, Information Services, Box 25286, Denver Federal Center, Box 25425, Denver, CO 80225-0286.\r\n\r\nPublications similar to this report are published annually by the Geological Survey for all States. These official Survey reports have an identification number consisting of the two-letter State abbreviation, the last two digits of the water year, and the volume number. For example, this volume is identified as 'U.S. Geological Survey Water-Data Report MARI-98-1.' For archiving and general distribution, the reports for 1971-74 water years also are identified as water-data reports. These water-data reports are for sale in paper copy or in microfiche by the National Technical Information Service, U.S. Department of Comme","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/wdrMARI981","usgsCitation":"Socolow, R., Comeau, L., Zanca, J., and Ramsbey, L., 1999, Water Resources Data for Massachusetts and Rhode Island, 1998: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report MA-RI-98-1, xvi, 438 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrMARI981.","productDescription":"xvi, 438 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":377,"text":"Massachusetts-Rhode Island Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":173940,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9702,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/wdr-ma-ri-98-1/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a07e4b07f02db5f9aac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Socolow, R.S.","contributorId":17639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Socolow","given":"R.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Comeau, L.Y.","contributorId":52254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Comeau","given":"L.Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zanca, J.L.","contributorId":63087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zanca","given":"J.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ramsbey, L.R.","contributorId":78393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramsbey","given":"L.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":53910,"text":"bsr19990001 - 1999 - Hourly and daily variation of sediment redox potential in tidal wetland sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-02T15:10:42","indexId":"bsr19990001","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":9,"text":"Biological Science Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"1999-0001","title":"Hourly and daily variation of sediment redox potential in tidal wetland sediments","docAbstract":"Variation of electrochemical oxidation-reduction (redox) potential was examined in surface salt march sediments under conditions of flooding and tidal simulation in mesocosms and field sites. Time series were generated of redox potential measured in sediment profiles at 2-10 cm depth using combination Pt-Ag/AgCl (ORP) electrodes. Redox potential data were acquired at rapid rates (1-55 samples/h) over extended periods (3-104 days) along with similar times series of temperature (water, air, soil) and pH. It was found that redox potential vaired as a result of water level changes and was unrelated to diurnal changes in temperature or pH, the latter of which changed by <0.5 units over the tide cycles. In closed, hydrostatic microcosms isolated from atmospheric oxygen, development of negative redox potentials proceeded rapidly (>370 mV redox potential decrease in under 48 hours). Attenuatoin of microbial activity by [gamma] y-radiation and toxic chemicals elimintated this response. In tidal salt marsh mesocosms where the sediment-plant assemblages were exposed to a simulated diurnal tide, redox potenial oscillations of 40-300 mV amplitude were recoded that has the same periodicity as the flood-drain cycle. Periodic redoc potential time series were observed repeatedly in sediments receiving tidal pulsing but not in those sediments exposed to static hydrological conditions. Data collected over 12 days from a coastal marsh site experiencing diurnal tides showed similar fluctuations in redox potential. Data from the experimentents indicated that (a) redox potential can be a dynamic, nonlinear variable in coastal and estuarine wetland sediments over hourly and daily scales, and the designs of biogeochemical experiments should reflect this, (b) redox potential can change rapidly and signigicantly in coastal wetland sediments in response of flooding and draining, (c) microbial community processes are primarily determinants of the time course of redox potential in wetland sediments, and elimination of inhibition of microbial activity (e.g. by pollutants) can significantly alter that behavior, and (d) fast redox potential dynamics appear to be characteristic of sediments that experience changes in hydrology. The rapid redox potential changes observed in these systems indicated dynamic metabolic and biogeochemical conditions in the field, and confirmed that hourly and daily redox potential variations should be resolved in studies of sediment functioning.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","collaboration":"ADA365584INZ","usgsCitation":"1999, Hourly and daily variation of sediment redox potential in tidal wetland sediments: Biological Science Report 1999-0001, iv, 10 p.","productDescription":"iv, 10 p.","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258739,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bsr/1999/0001/report.pdf","size":"27792","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":258740,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bsr/1999/0001/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db688097","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Catallo, W. James","contributorId":40664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Catallo","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":730034,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":54811,"text":"wdrNJ982 - 1999 - Water resources data, New Jersey, water year 1998; Volume 2. Ground-water data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-22T20:55:11.879335","indexId":"wdrNJ982","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"NJ-98-2","title":"Water resources data, New Jersey, water year 1998; Volume 2. Ground-water data","docAbstract":"Water-resources data for the 1998 water year for New Jersey are presented in three volumes, and consists of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; stage, contents, and water quality of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels and water quality of ground water. Volume 2 contains a summary of the hydrologic conditions for 1998 water year; a listing of current water resource projects in New Jersey; a bibliography of water-related reports, articles, and fact sheets completed by the Geological Survey in recent years; records of ground-water levels from 190 wells; and a table of discontinued observation wells for which ground-water-level data are available. The locations of the ground-water level sites are shown on figure 3. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System operated by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating Federal, State, and local agencies in New Jersey.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wdrNJ982","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection and with other agencies","usgsCitation":"Jones, W.D., 1999, Water resources data, New Jersey, water year 1998; Volume 2. Ground-water data: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report NJ-98-2, ix, 211 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrNJ982.","productDescription":"ix, 211 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":431314,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1998/nj-98-2/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":180998,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1998/nj-98-2/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New 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Environmental Protection Agency's River Reach File 1 (RF1) to ensure the hydrologic integrity of the digital reach traces and to quantify the mean water time of travel in river reaches and reservoirs [see USEPA (1996) for a description of the original RF1].","language":"English","doi":"10.3133/ofr99457","usgsCitation":"Alexander, R.B., Brakebill, J.W., Brew, R.E., and Smith, R.A., 1999, ERF1 -- Enhanced River Reach File 1.2 (Version 1.2, August 1, 1999): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-457, Dataset, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99457.","productDescription":"Dataset","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":184039,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5813,"rank":800,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/erf1.xml"}],"edition":"Version 1.2, August 1, 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- 1999 - Ground Water Atlas of the United States: Introduction and national summary","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":68689,"text":"ha730A - 1999 - Ground Water Atlas of the United States: Introduction and national summary","indexId":"ha730A","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"chapter":"A","title":"Ground Water Atlas of the United States: Introduction and national summary"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":68687,"text":"ha730 - 2000 - Ground Water Atlas of the United States","indexId":"ha730","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"title":"Ground Water Atlas of the United States"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":68687,"text":"ha730 - 2000 - Ground Water Atlas of the United States","indexId":"ha730","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"title":"Ground Water Atlas of the United 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The Atlas is an outgrowth of the Regional Aquifer-System Analysis (RASA) program of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), a program that investigated 24 of the most important aquifers and aquifer systems of the Nation and one in the Caribbean Islands (fig. 1). The objectives of the RASA program were to define the geologic and hydrologic frameworks of each aquifer system, to assess the geochemistry of the water in the system, to characterize the ground-water flow system, and to describe the effects of development on the flow system. Although the RASA studies did not cover the entire Nation, they compiled much of the data needed to make the National assessments of ground-water resources presented in the Ground Water Atlas of the United States. The Atlas, however, describes the location, extent, and geologic and hydrologic characteristics of all the important aquifers in the United States, including those not studied by the RASA program.
The Atlas is written so that it can be understood by readers who are not hydrologists. Simple language is used to explain technical terms. The principles that control the presence, movement, and chemical quality of ground water in different climatic, topographic, and geologic settings are clearly illustrated. The Atlas is, therefore, useful as a teaching tool for introductory courses in hydrology or hydrogeology at the college level and as an overview of ground-water conditions for consultants who need information about an individual aquifer. It also serves as an introduction to regional and National ground-water resources for lawmakers, personnel of local, State, or Federal agencies, or anyone who needs to understand ground-water occurrence, movement, and quality.
The purpose of the Ground Water Atlas of the United States is to summarize, in one publication with a common format, the most important ground-water information that has been collected over many years by the USGS, other Federal agencies, and State and local water management agencies. The purpose of this introductory chapter is to describe the content of the Atlas; to discuss the characteristics, use, and limitations of the maps and other types of illustrations used in the different chapters of the book; to summarize the locations of the principal aquifers on a Nationwide map; and to give an example of an aquifer in each principal hydrogeologic setting.
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K-3","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-15T11:56:03","indexId":"70043840","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":362,"text":"General Information Product","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Exploring caves: teaching packet for grades K-3","docAbstract":"\"Exploring Caves\" is an interdisciplinary set of materials on caves for grades K-3. Caves entail at least five scientific disciplines: earth science, hydrology, mapping, biology, and anthropology. Each of these disciplines involves a unique content area as well as the development of particular intellectual skills. This unit aims at helping teachers to sort and organize the most important ideas in this rich scientific area. Detailed lesson plans serve as ways to pass these ideas on to very young students. Most American caves are big holes that form in limestone rock. The holes begin as cracks in limestone. The cracks get bigger and bigger. They grow into underground streams, rivers, and even lakes. When water drains away, the waterways turn into open cave tunnels, passages, and caverns. It takes 10,000 to 100,000 years to form a cave big enough for people to move around inside. Water drips constantly in caves. The drips dissolve limestone minerals in one part of the cave. As water dries out, the minerals build up in other places. In this way, beautiful cave rock formations and crystals grow over thousands of years. These rock formations change dark limestone caves into hidden fantasy lands.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/70043840","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1998, Exploring caves: teaching packet for grades K-3: General Information Product, 9 documents, https://doi.org/10.3133/70043840.","productDescription":"9 documents","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":362100,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/70043840/chapter-1.pdf","text":"Chapter 1","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"Lost in the cave"},{"id":267856,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/70043840/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":362102,"rank":5,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/70043840/chapter-3.pdf","text":"Chapter 3","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"A strange lunch in the cave"},{"id":362101,"rank":4,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/70043840/chapter-2.pdf","text":"Chapter 2","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"Bat shows off the cave"},{"id":362103,"rank":6,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/70043840/chapter-4.pdf","text":"Chapter 4","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"Water and cave sculptures"},{"id":362104,"rank":7,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/70043840/chapter-5.pdf","text":"Chapter 5","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"Caves guard the past"},{"id":362105,"rank":8,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/70043840/multimedia.pdf","text":"List of multimedia resources on caves","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":362106,"rank":9,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/70043840/teacher.pdf","text":"Teaching guide","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":362107,"rank":10,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/70043840/evaluation.pdf","text":"Evaluation","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":362108,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/70043840/poster.pdf","text":"Poster","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5125fe80e4b09d00759cd081","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5223505,"text":"5223505 - 1998 - Assemblage organization in stream fishes: Effects of environmental variation and interspecific interactions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-10T21:49:01.900857","indexId":"5223505","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:43","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1459,"text":"Ecological Monographs","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assemblage organization in stream fishes: Effects of environmental variation and interspecific interactions","docAbstract":"We assessed the relative importance of environmental variation, interspecific competition for space, and predator abundance on assemblage structure and microhabitat use in a stream fish assemblage inhabiting Coweeta Creek, North Carolina, USA. Our study encompassed a 10–yr time span (1983–1992) and included some of the highest and lowest flows in the last 58 years. We collected 16 seasonal samples which included data on: (1) habitat availability (total and microhabitat) and microhabitat diversity, (2) assemblage structure (i.e., the number and abundances of species comprising a subset of the community), and (3) microhabitat use and overlap. We classified habitat availability data on the basis of year, season, and hydrologic period. Hydrologic period (i.e., pre–drought [PR], drought [D], and post–drought [PO]) represented the temporal location of a sample with respect to a four–year drought that occurred during the study. Hydrologic period explained a greater amount of variance in habitat availability data than either season or year. Total habitat availability was significantly greater during PO than in PR or D, although microhabitat diversity did not differ among either seasons or hydrologic periods. There were significantly fewer high–flow events (i.e., ≥2.1 m3/s) during D than in either PR or PO periods. We observed a total of 16 species during our investigation, and the total number of species was significantly higher in D than in PR samples. Correlation analyses between the number of species present (total and abundant species) and environmental data yielded limited results, although the total number of species was inversely correlated with total habitat availability. A cluster analysis grouped assemblage structure samples by hydrologic period rather than season or year, supporting the contention that variation in annual flow had a strong impact on this assemblage. The drought had little effect on the numerical abundance of benthic species in this assemblage; however, a majority of water–column species increased in abundance. The increased abundances of water–column species may have been related to the decrease in high-flow events observed during the drought. Such high–flow events are known to cause mortality in stream fishes. Microhabitat use data showed that species belonged to one of three microhabitat guilds: benthic, lower water column, and mid water column. In general, species within the same guild did not exhibit statistically distinguishable patterns of microhabitat use, and most significant differences occurred between members of different guilds. However, lower water–column guild species frequentlywere not separable from all members of either benthic or mid–water–column species. Variations in the abundance of potential competitors or predators did not produce strong shifts in microhabitat use by assemblage members. Predators were present in the site in only 9 of 16 seasonal samples and never were abundant (maximum number observed per day was 2). In conclusion, our results demonstrate that variability in both mean and peak flows had a much stronger effect on the structure and use of spatial resources within this assemblage then either interspecific competition for space or predation. Consequently, we suspect that the patterns in both assemblage structure and resource use displayed by fishes in Coweeta Creek arose from the interaction between environmental variation and species–specific evolutionary constraints on behavior, morphology, and physiology.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/0012-9615(1998)068[0395:AOISFE]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Grossman, G., Ratajczak, R., Crawford, M.M., and Freeman, M.C., 1998, Assemblage organization in stream fishes: Effects of environmental variation and interspecific interactions: Ecological Monographs, v. 68, no. 3, p. 395-420, https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9615(1998)068[0395:AOISFE]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"395","endPage":"420","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198429,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Coweeta Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.38526807867306,\n 35.087349418853464\n ],\n [\n -83.43707831704533,\n 35.087349418853464\n ],\n [\n -83.43707831704533,\n 35.05232902906687\n ],\n [\n -83.38526807867306,\n 35.05232902906687\n ],\n [\n -83.38526807867306,\n 35.087349418853464\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"68","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db672b00","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grossman, Gary D.","contributorId":316426,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grossman","given":"Gary D.","affiliations":[{"id":68595,"text":"International Institute of Tropical Forestry, U.S.A.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":338891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ratajczak, R. E. Jr.","contributorId":95982,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ratajczak","given":"R. E.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Crawford, M. M.","contributorId":21660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crawford","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Freeman, Mary C. 0000-0001-7615-6923","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7615-6923","contributorId":99659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freeman","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":338893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":50316,"text":"ofr98574 - 1998 - Water-chemistry and on-site sulfur-speciation data for selected springs in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, 1994-1995","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-08T14:21:46","indexId":"ofr98574","displayToPublicDate":"2004-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-574","title":"Water-chemistry and on-site sulfur-speciation data for selected springs in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, 1994-1995","docAbstract":"Forty-two water analyses are reported for samples collected at 8 hot springs and their\r\noverflow drainages, two geysers, and two ambient-temperature acid streams in Yellowstone National\r\nPark during 1994-95. These water samples were collected and analyzed as part of the initial\r\nresearch investigations on sulfur redox speciation in the hot springs of Yellowstone and to document\r\nchemical changes in overflows that affect major ions, redox species, and trace elements. The sulfur\r\nredox speciation research is a collaboration between the State University of New York (SUNY) at\r\nStony Brook and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). Four hot springs, Ojo Caliente, Azure, Frying\r\nPan, and Angel Terrace, were studied in detail. Analyses were performed adjacent to the sampling\r\nsite or in an on-site mobile lab truck constructed by the USGS, or later in a USGS laboratory.\r\nWater temperature, specific conductance, pH, Eh, D.O., and dissolved H2S were determined\r\nadjacent to the sample source at the time of sampling. Alkalinity and F- were determined on-site on\r\nthe day of sample collection. Thiosulfate and polythionates were determined as soon as possible\r\n(minutes to hours later) by ion chromatography (IC). Other major anions (Cl-, SO4\r\n2-, Br-) also were\r\ndetermined on-site by IC within two days of sample collection. Ammonium, Fe(II), and Fe(total)\r\nwere determined on-site by ultraviolet/visible spectrophotometry within two days of sample\r\ncollection. Later in the USGS laboratory, densities were determined. Concentrations of Ca, Mg,\r\nLi, Na, and K were determined by flame atomic absorption and emission (Na, K) spectrometry.\r\nConcentrations of Al, As, B, Ba, Be, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe(total), K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Pb, Si, Sr,\r\nV, and Zn were determined by inductively-coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. Trace\r\nconcentrations of Al and Mg were determined by Zeeman-corrected graphite furnace atomic\r\nabsorption spectrometry.\r\nThree important conclusions from the sampling and analyses are: (1) variability in H2S\r\nconcentrations can be caused as much by sampling and preservation artifacts as by actual variations\r\nin water composition over time, (2) historical determinations of S2O3\r\n2- were subject to\r\noverestimation, most likely because of inadequate preservation leading to H2S oxidation, and (3)\r\nS2O3\r\n2- is a common constituent of hot spring waters.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr98574","usgsCitation":"Ball, J.W., Nordstrom, D.K., Cunningham, K.M., Schoonen, M., Xu, Y., and DeMonge, J.M., 1998, Water-chemistry and on-site sulfur-speciation data for selected springs in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, 1994-1995: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-574, 35 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98574.","productDescription":"35 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":170179,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4136,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://wwwbrr.cr.usgs.gov/projects/GWC_chemtherm/pubs/ofr%2098-574.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.46728515624999,\n 44.11125397357155\n ],\n [\n -109.9456787109375,\n 44.11125397357155\n ],\n [\n -109.9456787109375,\n 45.158800738352106\n ],\n [\n -111.46728515624999,\n 45.158800738352106\n ],\n [\n -111.46728515624999,\n 44.11125397357155\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e9e4b07f02db5e93c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ball, James W.","contributorId":38946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ball","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nordstrom, D. Kirk 0000-0003-3283-5136 dkn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-5136","contributorId":749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordstrom","given":"D.","email":"dkn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Kirk","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":241178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cunningham, Kirk M.","contributorId":27918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cunningham","given":"Kirk","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schoonen, Martin A.","contributorId":6928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoonen","given":"Martin A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Xu, Yong","contributorId":24013,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xu","given":"Yong","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"DeMonge, Jennifer M.","contributorId":48236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeMonge","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":24465,"text":"ofr98650 - 1998 - Salinity and temperature in south San Francisco Bay, California, at Dumbarton Bridge: Measurements from the 1995-1998 water years and comparisons with results from the 1990-1993 water years","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-23T20:14:14.798034","indexId":"ofr98650","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-650","title":"Salinity and temperature in south San Francisco Bay, California, at Dumbarton Bridge: Measurements from the 1995-1998 water years and comparisons with results from the 1990-1993 water years","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr98650","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Schemel, L.E., 1998, Salinity and temperature in south San Francisco Bay, California, at Dumbarton Bridge: Measurements from the 1995-1998 water years and comparisons with results from the 1990-1993 water years: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-650, v, 33 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98650.","productDescription":"v, 33 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":392064,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_39554.htm"},{"id":53533,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0650/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":156644,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0650/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.167,\n 37.883\n ],\n [\n -121.333,\n 37.883\n ],\n [\n -121.333,\n 37.367\n ],\n [\n -122.167,\n 37.367\n ],\n [\n -122.167,\n 37.883\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ee4b07f02db5fdfc2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schemel, Laurence E. lschemel@usgs.gov","contributorId":4085,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schemel","given":"Laurence","email":"lschemel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":191979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":24121,"text":"ofr98413 - 1998 - Design, operation, and data analysis for a wireline packer system in open boreholes, with field-test results from Belvidere, Illinois","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-04T18:55:22","indexId":"ofr98413","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-413","title":"Design, operation, and data analysis for a wireline packer system in open boreholes, with field-test results from Belvidere, Illinois","docAbstract":"A wireline-operated packer was designed for use with a standard geophysical logging system. The packer probe consists of a downhole packer inflated with water removed from the borehole by an in-line submersible pump, and a differential pressure transducer calibrated to measure the hydraulic-head difference between the zones above and below the packer. Analysis of the packer data is based on a numerical model that predicts the water levels above and below the packer for a given set of aquifer zones of specified hydraulic head and transmissivity. Various computations are used to indicate the sensitivity of the packer measurements to the hydraulic head and transmissivity contrasts between aquifer zones.
The wireline-packer probe was field tested in a series of open-bedrock boreholes in Belvidere, Illinois, at a site where vertical hydraulic-head differences are produced in a horizontally stratified aquifer by water production from an underlying aquifer. Analysis of the wireline-packer data produced estimates of hydraulic-head gradient and aquifer-zone transmissivity consistent with results from straddle-packer hydraulic tests. However, the wireline-packer data also indicated that there are significant variations of vertical hydraulic gradient with depth, and that the gradient is sharply reversed near the bottom of the boreholes. This result is consistent with upward ambient flow measured on previous occasions near the bottom of these boreholes, and has important consequences for the monitoring of ground-water flow at the study site.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr98413","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Paillet, F.L., Hess, A., and Williams, J., 1998, Design, operation, and data analysis for a wireline packer system in open boreholes, with field-test results from Belvidere, Illinois: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-413, iv, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98413.","productDescription":"iv, 23 p.","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":156837,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0413/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53275,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0413/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois","city":"Belvidere","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.88351440429688,\n 42.23512673690763\n ],\n [\n -88.80043029785156,\n 42.23512673690763\n ],\n [\n -88.80043029785156,\n 42.27680072484333\n ],\n [\n -88.88351440429688,\n 42.27680072484333\n ],\n [\n -88.88351440429688,\n 42.23512673690763\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db667da9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Paillet, Frederick L.","contributorId":63820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paillet","given":"Frederick","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hess, A.E.","contributorId":71979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hess","given":"A.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Williams, John H. 0000-0002-6054-6908 jhwillia@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6054-6908","contributorId":1553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"John","email":"jhwillia@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":191352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":42436,"text":"ofr98759 - 1998 - Sedimentation and bathymetric change in San Pablo Bay: 1856-1983","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-21T21:08:10.501592","indexId":"ofr98759","displayToPublicDate":"2002-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-759","title":"Sedimentation and bathymetric change in San Pablo Bay: 1856-1983","docAbstract":"A long-term perspective of erosion and deposition in San Francisco Bay is vital to understanding and managing wetland change, harbor and channel siltation, and other sediment-related phenomena such as particle and particle-associated substance (pollutants, trace metals, etc.) transport and deposition. A quantitative comparison of historical hydrographic surveys provides this perspective. This report presents results of such a comparison for San Pablo Bay, California. Six hydrographic surveys from 1856 to 1983 were analyzed to determine long-term changes in the sediment system of San Pablo Bay. Each survey was gridded using surface modeling software. Changes between survey periods were computed by differencing grids. Patterns and volumes of erosion and deposition in the Bay are derived from difference grids. More than 350 million cubic meters of sediment was deposited in San Pablo Bay from 1856 to 1983. This is equivalent to a Baywide accumulation rate of approximately 1 cm/yr. However, sediment deposition was not constant over time or throughout the Bay. Over two-thirds of that sediment was debris from hydraulic mining that accumulated from 1856 to 1887. During this period, deposition occurred in nearly the entire Bay. In contrast, from 1951 to 1983 much of the Bay changed from being depositional to erosional as sediment supply diminished and currents and waves continued to remove sediment from the Bay. The decrease in sediment supply is likely the result of upstream flood-control and water-distribution projects that have reduced peak flows, which are responsible for the greatest sediment transport. One consequence of the change in sedimentation was a loss of about half of the tidal flat areas from the late 1800's to the 1980's. Change in sedimentation must also have affected flow in the Bay, areas where polluted sediments were deposited, exchange of sediment between the nearshore and wetlands, and wave energy reaching the shoreline that was available to erode wetlands. Further work is needed. Studies of historical wetland change and the relationship between change and man-made and natural influences would be valuable for developing sound wetland management plans. Additionally, extending the historical hydrographic and wetland change analyses eastward into Suisun Bay will improve the understanding of the North Bay sediment system.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr98759","usgsCitation":"Jaffe, B.E., Smith, R.E., and Torresan, L.Z., 1998, Sedimentation and bathymetric change in San Pablo Bay: 1856-1983: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-759, 1 Poster: 33.76 x 25.82 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98759.","productDescription":"1 Poster: 33.76 x 25.82 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1855-12-31","temporalEnd":"1983-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":393256,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_13077.htm"},{"id":108347,"rank":700,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0759/pdf/of98-759.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"13077"},{"id":176684,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr98759.jpg"},{"id":3686,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0759/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":285871,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0759/of98-759.eps"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Pablo Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.513573,37.960066 ], [ -122.513573,38.169213 ], [ -122.233034,38.169213 ], [ -122.233034,37.960066 ], [ -122.513573,37.960066 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ee4b07f02db660631","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jaffe, Bruce E. 0000-0002-8816-5920 bjaffe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8816-5920","contributorId":2049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaffe","given":"Bruce","email":"bjaffe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":226482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Richard E.","contributorId":40606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":226484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Torresan, Laura Zink","contributorId":34193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torresan","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"Zink","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":226483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":25092,"text":"fs09598 - 1998 - Modeling solute-transport and biodegradation with BIOMOC","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-04T19:00:19","indexId":"fs09598","displayToPublicDate":"2002-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"095-98","title":"Modeling solute-transport and biodegradation with BIOMOC","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs09598","usgsCitation":"Essaid, H.I., and Bekins, B.A., 1998, Modeling solute-transport and biodegradation with BIOMOC: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 095-98, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs09598.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":118752,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_095_98.jpg"},{"id":1813,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/software/biomoc.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699811","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Essaid, Hedeff I. 0000-0003-0154-8628 hiessaid@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0154-8628","contributorId":2284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Essaid","given":"Hedeff","email":"hiessaid@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":193207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bekins, Barbara A. 0000-0002-1411-6018 babekins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1411-6018","contributorId":1348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bekins","given":"Barbara","email":"babekins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":193206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5227,"text":"fs05998 - 1998 - Improving ground-water flow model calibration with the Advective-Transport Observation (ADV) Package to MODFLOWP","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-04T18:54:36","indexId":"fs05998","displayToPublicDate":"2002-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"059-98","title":"Improving ground-water flow model calibration with the Advective-Transport Observation (ADV) Package to MODFLOWP","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs05998","usgsCitation":"Anderman, E.R., and Hill, M.C., 1998, Improving ground-water flow model calibration with the Advective-Transport Observation (ADV) Package to MODFLOWP: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 059-98, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs05998.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":31948,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1998/0059/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":101,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/nrp/gwsoftware/modflow2000/ADV_Fact_Sheet-2001_reprinting.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":121381,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1998/0059/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fde4b07f02db5f5e36","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderman, Evan R.","contributorId":95505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderman","given":"Evan","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill, M. C.","contributorId":48993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5600,"text":"fs07698 - 1998 - Herbicides in ground water of the Midwest: A regional study of shallow aquifers, 1991-94","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-04T18:44:52","indexId":"fs07698","displayToPublicDate":"2001-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"076-98","title":"Herbicides in ground water of the Midwest: A regional study of shallow aquifers, 1991-94","docAbstract":"The intensive herbicide use associated with the 'Corn Belt' marks the Midwestern United States as a region where herbicide contamination of ground water could be a problem. To better understand the regional occurrence of herbicides in shallow aquifers of the Midwest, a sampling network of 303 wells across 12 States was developed. The results documented relatively widespread, low-level concentrations of herbicides in the shallow aquifers sampled. The most frequently detected compounds, however, were the transformation products of these herbicides. A relation was determined between herbicide occurrence and the general age of the ground water sampled. Water that recharged ground water within the past 40 years was much more likely to contain herbicides than water recharged earlier.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Iowa City, IA","doi":"10.3133/fs07698","usgsCitation":"Kolpin, D.W., Stamer, J., Goolsby, D.A., and Thurman, E., 1998, Herbicides in ground water of the Midwest: A regional study of shallow aquifers, 1991-94: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 076-98, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs07698.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":32111,"rank":298,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1998/0076/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":122617,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1998/0076/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Midwest","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -101.6015625,\n 37.37015718405753\n ],\n [\n -88.681640625,\n 36.94989178681327\n ],\n [\n -84.375,\n 37.579412513438385\n ],\n [\n -80.5078125,\n 39.436192999314095\n ],\n [\n -80.419921875,\n 41.902277040963696\n ],\n [\n -82.529296875,\n 45.336701909968134\n ],\n [\n -87.71484375,\n 48.40003249610685\n ],\n [\n -95.2734375,\n 49.724479188712984\n ],\n [\n -103.095703125,\n 49.439556958940855\n ],\n [\n -104.23828125,\n 47.69497434186282\n ],\n [\n -104.150390625,\n 41.244772343082076\n ],\n [\n -101.689453125,\n 41.11246878918088\n ],\n [\n -101.6015625,\n 37.37015718405753\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae1e4b07f02db6889ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kolpin, Dana W. 0000-0002-3529-6505 dwkolpin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3529-6505","contributorId":1239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolpin","given":"Dana","email":"dwkolpin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":151275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stamer, J. K.","contributorId":47753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stamer","given":"J. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":151276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goolsby, D. A.","contributorId":50508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goolsby","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":151277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thurman, E.M.","contributorId":102864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thurman","given":"E.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":5498,"text":"fs02298 - 1998 - Occurrence of cotton pesticides in surface water of the Mississippi Embayment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-04T18:53:44","indexId":"fs02298","displayToPublicDate":"2001-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"022-98","displayTitle":"Occurrence of Cotton Pesticides in Surface Water of the Mississippi Embayment","title":"Occurrence of cotton pesticides in surface water of the Mississippi Embayment","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs02298","usgsCitation":"Thurman, E.M., Zimmerman, L.R., Scribner, E.A., and Coupe, R.H., 1998, Occurrence of cotton pesticides in surface water of the Mississippi Embayment: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 022-98, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs02298.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":32079,"rank":299,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1998/0022/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":117625,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1998/0022/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas, Missouri, Mississippi, Louisiana, Tennessee, Kentucky","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.7685546875,\n 33.61461929233378\n ],\n [\n -90.966796875,\n 29.6880527498568\n ],\n [\n -89.4287109375,\n 29.6880527498568\n ],\n [\n -90.263671875,\n 33.394759218577995\n ],\n [\n -88.3740234375,\n 37.3002752813443\n ],\n [\n -90.966796875,\n 37.37015718405753\n ],\n [\n -92.7685546875,\n 33.61461929233378\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4af8e4b07f02db693e2e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thurman, E. 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The primary goal of the project is to maintain, enhance, and restore anadromous and resident fish habitat in the Lemhi River, while maintaining a balance between resource protection and established water uses. The main objectives of the study were to carry out seepage measurements to determine seasonal distributed gains and losses in the Lemhi River and to estimate annual ground-water underflow from the basin to the Salmon River. In 1997, seepage measurements were made during and after the irrigation season along a 60-mile reach of the Lemhi River between Leadore and Salmon. Except for one 4-mile reach that lost 1.3 cubic feet per second per mile, the river gained from ground water in early August when ground-water levels were high. Highest flows in the Lemhi River in early August were about 400 cubic feet per second. In October, when ground-water levels were low, river losses to ground water were about 1 to 16 cubic feet per second per mile. In October, highest flows in the Lemhi River were about 500 cubic feet per second, near the river's mouth. Annual ground-water underflow from the Lemhi River Basin to the Salmon River was estimated by using a simplified water budget and by using Darcy's equation. The water-budget method contained large uncertainties associated with estimating precipitation and evapotranspiration. Results of both methods indicate that the quantity of ground water leaving the basin as underflow is small, probably less than 2 percent of the basin's total annual water yield.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri984185","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Donato, M.M., 1998, Surface-water/ground-water relations in the Lemhi River Basin, east-central Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4185, iv, 25 p.; Appendix 2, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984185.","productDescription":"iv, 25 p.; Appendix 2","numberOfPages":"34","temporalStart":"1993-01-01","temporalEnd":"1997-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":262327,"rank":800,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4185/report.pdf"},{"id":262328,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4185/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","city":"Leadore;Lemhi;Tendoy;Salmon","otherGeospatial":"Salmon River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.0038,44.3964 ], [ -114.0038,45.1977 ], [ -112.9929,45.1977 ], [ -112.9929,44.3964 ], [ -114.0038,44.3964 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0de4b07f02db5fd438","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Donato, Mary M.","contributorId":30962,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Donato","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}