A myxosporean producing aggregations of white pseudocysts in skin covering the posterior margin of the operculum and perioral tissue of Cottus cognatus in Lake Michigan is described as Myxobolus cognati n. sp. (Myxosporea). Histological sections revealed that the parasite develops in vascularized regions of the dermis and with development protrudes beyond the surrounding skin surface. Myxobolus cognati resembles Myxobolus rhinichthidis Fantham, Porter and Richardson, 1939 from subepithelial tissue of the operculum of the cyprinid Rhinichthys cataractae. Spores in the 2 species are the same size and shape. However, in contrast to those of M. cognati, spores of M. rhinichthidis have filament coils wound loosely at 45A? to the axis of the polar capsule and have no natural sutural ridge folds.
","language":"English","publisher":"Allen Press","doi":"10.2307/3284129","usgsCitation":"Cone, D.K., Stickel, R.G., Eck, G.W., and Muzzall, P.M., 1996, Myxobolus cognati n. sp. (Myxosporea) from the opercular integument of Cottus cognatus (Cottidae) in Lake Michigan: Journal of Parasitology, v. 82, no. 1, p. 137-139, https://doi.org/10.2307/3284129.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"137","endPage":"139","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":486856,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3284129","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":132853,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"82","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b4915","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cone, David K.","contributorId":107241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cone","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stickel, Richard Greg","contributorId":37291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stickel","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"Greg","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eck, Gary W.","contributorId":106053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eck","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Muzzall, Patrick M.","contributorId":61371,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muzzall","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":1000787,"text":"1000787 - 1996 - Bathythermal distribution, maturity, and growth of lake trout strains stocked in U.S. waters of Lake Ontario, 1978-1993","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-05T15:43:59","indexId":"1000787","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bathythermal distribution, maturity, and growth of lake trout strains stocked in U.S. waters of Lake Ontario, 1978-1993","docAbstract":"Bathythermal distributions, sexual maturity, and growth of lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) strains stocked in Lake Ontario were determined for fish collected with trawls and gill nets in 1978-93. The purpose was to augment the basis for deciding which strains to continue stocking in an effort to reestablish a self-sustaining population. The Clearwater Lake (CWL) strain was found in shallower, warmer water than all other strains; the Seneca Lake (SEN) strain was usually shallower than the Jenny Lake (JEN) and Lake Superior (SUP) strains at ages 1 and 2 but was usually deeper at age 3 and older. Depth distribution of the 'Ontario strain'--from gametes of several strains that survived to maturity in Lake Ontario-- was similar to that of the SEN and SUP strains. About half the males matured at age 4 and half the females at age 5; males < 500 mm and females < 600 mm long were rarely mature. Least-sqaures mean lengths and weights of the CWL strain were greater than those of all other strains through age 4. At age 7 and older, CWL and JEN fish were generally smaller than all other strains. Means lengths and weights of males and females of the same age and strain frequently differed at age 4 and older. Growth in weight at age 4 and older was not associated with biomass indices of prey fishes. Differences in growth rates among strains were associated with bathythermal distribution which is a heritable trait. Weight-length regressions differed by year, sex, and stage of maturity but were rarely different among strains. Competition for space appeared to affect condition of large lake trout. Growth rates and maturity schedules provide little basis for recommending stocking one strain in preference to another. Depth ranges of strains overlapped widely, but lake trout occupied only about one-fourth of available bottom habitat. Stocking several strains should be continued to maximize use of sustainable habitat.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/S0380-1330(96)70992-9","usgsCitation":"Elrod, J.H., O’Gorman, R., and Schneider, C.P., 1996, Bathythermal distribution, maturity, and growth of lake trout strains stocked in U.S. waters of Lake Ontario, 1978-1993: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 22, no. 3, p. 722-743, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0380-1330(96)70992-9.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"722","endPage":"743","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134031,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":267056,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0380-1330(96)70992-9"}],"volume":"22","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6ce4b07f02db63e4cd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Elrod, Joseph H.","contributorId":72737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elrod","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Gorman, Robert rogorman@usgs.gov","contributorId":3451,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Gorman","given":"Robert","email":"rogorman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":309431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schneider, Clifford P.","contributorId":45251,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schneider","given":"Clifford","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1000678,"text":"1000678 - 1996 - Contaminant trends in lake trout and walleye from the Laurentian Great Lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-11T10:01:53","indexId":"1000678","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Contaminant trends in lake trout and walleye from the Laurentian Great Lakes","docAbstract":"Trends in PCBs, DDT, and other contaminants have been monitored in Great Lakes lake trout and walleye since the 1970s using composite samples of whole fish. Dramatic declines have been observed in concentrations of PCB, ΣDDT, dieldrin, and oxychlordane, with declines initially following first order loss kinetics. Mean PCB concentrations in Lake Michigan lake trout increased from 13 μg/g in 1972 to 23 μg/g in 1974, then declined to 2.6 μg/g by 1986. Between 1986 and 1992 there was little change in concentration, with 3.5 μg/g observed in 1992. ΣDDT in Lake Michigan trout followed a similar trend, decreasing from 19.2 μg/g in 1970 to 1.1 μg/g in 1986, and 1.2 μg/g in 1992. Similar trends were observed for PCBs and ΣDDT in lake trout from Lakes Superior, Huron and Ontario. Concentrations of both PCB and ΣDDT in Lake Erie walleye declined between 1977 and 1982, after which concentrations were relatively constant through 1990. When originally implemented it was assumed that trends in the mean contaminant concentrations in open-lake fish would serve as cost effective surrogates to trends in the water column. While water column data are still extremely limited it appears that for PCBs in lakes Michigan and Superior, trends in lake trout do reasonably mimic those in the water column over the long term. Hypotheses to explain the trends in contaminant concentrations are briefly reviewed. The original first order loss kinetics used to describe the initial decline do not explain the more recent leveling off of contaminant concentrations. Recent theories have examined the possibilities of multiple contaminant pools. We suggest another hypothesis, that changes in the food web may have resulted in increased bioaccumulation. However, a preliminary exploration of this hypothesis using a change point analysis was inconclusive.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0380-1330(96)71009-2","usgsCitation":"DeVault, D.S., Hesselberg, R.J., Rodgers, P.W., and Feist, T.J., 1996, Contaminant trends in lake trout and walleye from the Laurentian Great Lakes: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 22, no. 4, p. 884-895, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0380-1330(96)71009-2.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"884","endPage":"895","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133282,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad6e4b07f02db6841ea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DeVault, David S.","contributorId":22720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeVault","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hesselberg, Robert J.","contributorId":36074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hesselberg","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rodgers, Paul W.","contributorId":77891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodgers","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Feist, Timothy J.","contributorId":103630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feist","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70186273,"text":"70186273 - 1996 - Dispersion of adult Cancer magister at Glacier Bay, Alaska: Variation with spatial scale, sex, and reproductive status","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-03T14:10:26","indexId":"70186273","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Dispersion of adult Cancer magister at Glacier Bay, Alaska: Variation with spatial scale, sex, and reproductive status","docAbstract":"Patterns of micro- to mesoscale distribution of Dungeness crabs (Cancer magister) in nearshore habitats at five locations in and near Glacier Bay National Park were revealed using subtidal transects. Sampling was conducted in April and September 1992 and 1993 and April 1994. Divers censused crabs by sex and reproductive status (ovigerous/nonovigerous females) along belt transects (2 m x 100 m) perpendicular to shore in the depth range 0 m (mean lower low water) to 18 m. A sample estimator of Morisita's index (Î*Δ) was used to quantify crab dispersion at 10 scales of measurement ranging from 20 m2 to 200 m2 at each location during each sampling period.
Values of Î*Δ in ovigerous female C. magister deviated significantly (P < 0.05) from 1.0 (random distribution) toward contagion more frequently than did Î*Δ for nonovigerous female and male crabs. Ovigerous crabs also usually had higher Î*Δ than did nonovigerous female and male crabs, especially at smaller measurement scales (20-80 m2). Morisita's index for all three groups of crabs decreased more frequently than it increased with an increase in measurement scale. We observed no relationship between t and crab density in nonovigerous female and male crabs, whereas Î*Δ was positively correlated with the density of ovigerous crabs. A total of 13 dense aggregations of ovigerous C. magister were observed nearshore (depth range 0-10 m) at the five study locations. About half of these were repeatedly observed at the same microsite over the course of this study. Ovigerous Dungeness crabs at Glacier Bay were usually aggregated, often forming dense aggregations with high site fidelity. These dense aggregations may concentrate a significant proportion of the brood stock of this species in a limited number of patches of optimal brooding habitat at Glacier Bay.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the international symposium on biology, management, and economics of crabs from high latitude habitats: Lowell Wakefield fisheries symposium","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"International Symposium on Biology, Management, and Economics of Crabs from High Latitude Habitats: Lowell Wakefield Fisheries Symposium","conferenceDate":"October 11-13, 1995","conferenceLocation":"Anchorage, AK","language":"English","publisher":"Alaska Sea Grant College Program, University of Alaska Fairbanks","publisherLocation":"Fairbanks, AK","isbn":"1-56612-039-X","usgsCitation":"O’Clair, C.E., Shirley, T.C., and Taggart, S.J., 1996, Dispersion of adult Cancer magister at Glacier Bay, Alaska: Variation with spatial scale, sex, and reproductive status, in Proceedings of the international symposium on biology, management, and economics of crabs from high latitude habitats: Lowell Wakefield fisheries symposium, Anchorage, AK, October 11-13, 1995, p. 209-227.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"209","endPage":"227","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":339056,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":339052,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://seagrant.uaf.edu/bookstore/pubs/AK-SG-96-02.html"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Glacier Bay","publicComments":"Larger Work is Alaska Sea Grant College Program report no. 96-02","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58e35f8ce4b09da67997ecd4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O’Clair, Charles E.","contributorId":60571,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Clair","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shirley, Thomas C.","contributorId":17409,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shirley","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":12548,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks, School of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":688104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Taggart, S. James","contributorId":30131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taggart","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1000663,"text":"1000663 - 1996 - Potential spawning habitat for lake trout on Julian's Reef, Lake Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-11T14:39:36","indexId":"1000663","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Potential spawning habitat for lake trout on Julian's Reef, Lake Michigan","docAbstract":"Julian's Reef is an historical spawning ground for lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) in southwestern Lake Michigan. It is a designated lake trout refuge and is the focus of lake trout restoration efforts in Illinois waters of the lake. We studied the reef to determine its potential as spawning habitat for stocked lake trout. We used side-scan sonar and a remotely operated vehicle equipped with a video camera to survey and map 156 ha of lake bed on the southeast portion of the reef, where an earlier study revealed the presence of loose-rock substrate potentially suitable for use by spawning lake trout. Our survey showed that the substrate on the reef that most closely resembled that described in the literature as suitable for spawning by stocked lake trout in the Great Lakes was rubble patches with interstitial depths greater than 20 cm. These rubble patches occupied about 2 ha of the 13-ha expanse of bedrock and rubble substrate near the reef crest in the surveyed area. We estimated that these rubble patches, if fully used by spawning lake trout, could accommodate egg deposition by at least 1,300–3,300 2.7-kg females.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0380-1330(96)70937-1","usgsCitation":"Edsall, T.A., and Kennedy, G.W., 1996, Potential spawning habitat for lake trout on Julian's Reef, Lake Michigan: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 22, no. 1, p. 83-88, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0380-1330(96)70937-1.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"83","endPage":"88","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":128946,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4af3e4b07f02db691a96","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Edsall, Thomas A.","contributorId":84302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edsall","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":309046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kennedy, Gregory W. 0000-0003-1686-6960 gkennedy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1686-6960","contributorId":3700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"Gregory","email":"gkennedy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":309045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1000640,"text":"1000640 - 1996 - Recovery of burrowing mayflies (Ephemeroptera: Ephemeridae: Hexagenia) in western Lake Erie","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-11T12:54:32","indexId":"1000640","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Recovery of burrowing mayflies (Ephemeroptera: Ephemeridae: Hexagenia) in western Lake Erie","docAbstract":"Burrowing mayflies (Hexagenia spp.) are native to western Lake Erie and were abundant until the 1950s, when they disappeared due to degraded water and sediment quality. Nymphs were absent from the sediments of most of western Lake Erie after the 1950s, although small, widely disjunct populations apparently persisted near shore. Sediment samples collected in 1993 revealed several small populations near the western and southern shores and beyond the mouths of the Detroit and Maumee rivers. A larger population was found in the southern island area, but nymphs were absent in the middle of the basin. By 1995, nymphs had spread throughout the western half and eastern end of the basin but remained absent from the middle of the basin. These data indicate thatHexagenia began recolonizing nearshore areas before offshore areas. Increasingly large swarms of winged Hexagenia on shore and over the lake between 1992 and 1994 further indicate that mayflies are recolonizing the basin. Factors that have permitted Hexageniarecovery in western Lake Erie probably include improved sediment and water quality attributed to pollution abatement programs implemented after the early 1970s, and perhaps environmental changes in the early 1990s attributed to effects of the exotic zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha).
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0380-1330(96)70953-X","usgsCitation":"Krieger, K.A., Schloesser, D.W., Manny, B.A., Trisler, C.E., Heady, S.E., Ciborowski, J.J., and Muth, K.M., 1996, Recovery of burrowing mayflies (Ephemeroptera: Ephemeridae: Hexagenia) in western Lake Erie: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 22, no. 2, p. 254-263, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0380-1330(96)70953-X.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"254","endPage":"263","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132689,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e6e4b07f02db5e74a1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Krieger, Kenneth A.","contributorId":12411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krieger","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schloesser, Don W.","contributorId":21485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schloesser","given":"Don","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Manny, Bruce A. 0000-0002-4074-9329 bmanny@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4074-9329","contributorId":3699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manny","given":"Bruce","email":"bmanny@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":308984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Trisler, Carmen E.","contributorId":69514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trisler","given":"Carmen","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Heady, Susan E.","contributorId":13191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heady","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ciborowski, Jan J.H.","contributorId":107240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ciborowski","given":"Jan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Muth, Kenneth M.","contributorId":44863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muth","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":1000785,"text":"1000785 - 1996 - Variations in the reproductive cycle of Dreissena polymorpha in Europe, Russia, and North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-03T21:27:37.601627","indexId":"1000785","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":749,"text":"American Zoologist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Variations in the reproductive cycle of Dreissena polymorpha in Europe, Russia, and North America","title":"Variations in the reproductive cycle of Dreissena polymorpha in Europe, Russia, and North America","docAbstract":"The reproductive cycle of the zebra mussel {Dreissena polymorpha) is highly variable throughout its range in Europe, Russia, and North America. The environmental factors influencing this variation are poorly understood, but successful reproduction is occurring in areas where it was initially believed that adult zebra mussels could not survive (i.e., southern United States). The differences in mussel reproduction occurring from site-to-site make it difficult to predict timing of specific events, such as the start of larval production, that are important in initiating containment or control procedures. For example, the amount of time required for a fertilized egg to develop into a juvenile mussel can be as short as 8 days, or as long as 240 days. Release of gametes by adults can be a highly synchronized event, focused over a 1–2 week period, or it can be completely non-synchronized, occurring throughout the year. Zebra mussels in some localities start spawning at water temperatures of 12–13°C, but do not start until water temperatures reaches 22°C at other sites. While some of this variability in reproductive behavior stems from mussel adaptation to local conditions, part is due to difficulties in sampling these events. It is difficult to determine reproductive success of a specific population because of the problems in separating locally produced larvae from larvae drifting in from other areas. Further research is needed not only on the relationship between reproduction and environment at the community level, but also on the variability in response of individual mussels.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic Press","doi":"10.1093/icb/36.3.311","usgsCitation":"Nichols, S.J., 1996, Variations in the reproductive cycle of Dreissena polymorpha in Europe, Russia, and North America: American Zoologist, v. 36, no. 3, p. 311-325, https://doi.org/10.1093/icb/36.3.311.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"311","endPage":"325","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133573,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1996-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a14e4b07f02db602868","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nichols, Susan Jerrine","contributorId":83076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"Jerrine","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1000811,"text":"1000811 - 1996 - The effect of light on lake herring (Coregonus artedi) reactive volume","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-11T11:29:40","indexId":"1000811","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1919,"text":"Hydrobiologia","onlineIssn":"1573-5117","printIssn":"0018-8158","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effect of light on lake herring (Coregonus artedi) reactive volume","docAbstract":"The lake herring (Coregonus artedi) is an important coldwater planktivore in the Laurentian Great Lakes and in smaller inland lakes in portions of Canada and the northern United States. Lake herring cruise the pelagia and feed selectively in both gulping and particulate modes. They are visual predators in environments with adequate illumination. Visual predation by fish consists of a series of discrete steps. We studied the first step in the predation sequence, reaction to prey, at light intensities of 2–1500 Lx in a simulated pelagic environment at 10–13°C. We measured lake herring reactive distances, the distance at which a prey item will be detected and attacked, to liveLimnocalanus macrurus, a natural prey of lake herring in Lake Superior. We used the reactive distances and associated angles of bearing and elevation, which described the location of the prey relative to the lake herring, to calculate reactive volume. This reactive volume can be envisioned as an irregular sphere surrounding the fish, within which prey are detected and attacked. All of the attacks on prey occurred in the anterior portions of the sagittal and lateral planes of the lake herring, as would be expected for a pelagic, cruising fish. The reactive volume surrounding the lake herring was generally spherical, but was more irregular than the simple spheres, hemispheres, cylinders, cones or other geometries assumed in previous studies. The reactive distances and the reactive volume changed with light intensity and were significantly smaller at 2–10 Lx than at 40–1500 Lx. At 40–1500 Lx, the reactive volume was expanded over that observed at 2–10 Lx laterally and caudally. Collectively our results indicate that lake herring can visually forage most effectively in environments with light levels >10 Lx.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF00016692","usgsCitation":"Link, J., and Edsall, T.A., 1996, The effect of light on lake herring (Coregonus artedi) reactive volume: Hydrobiologia, v. 332, no. 2, p. 131-140, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00016692.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"131","endPage":"140","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133589,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"332","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db667805","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Link, Jason","contributorId":8793,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Link","given":"Jason","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Edsall, Thomas A.","contributorId":84302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edsall","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":309510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70018631,"text":"70018631 - 1996 - U-Pb and K-Ar geochronology in Paleozoic and Mesozoic intrusive rocks of the Coastal Cordillera, Valparaiso, Chile","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-30T19:36:17.459878","indexId":"70018631","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3287,"text":"Revista Geologica de Chile","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"U-Pb and K-Ar geochronology in Paleozoic and Mesozoic intrusive rocks of the Coastal Cordillera, Valparaiso, Chile","docAbstract":"The U-Pb and K-Ar geochronology applied to intrusive rocks from the Coastal Batholith of Central Chile, demonstrates the existence of a basement block of the Mirasol Unit, with a crystallization age of 299??10 Ma, exposed in the northern block of the Melipilla Fault. The age of 214??1 Ma obtained in the 'Dioritas Gne??isicas de Cartagena Unit', indicates that a Late Triassic magmatism took place in this region; it coincides with the end of an extensive crustal melting period, proposed for northern Chile. The ages of the Jurassic plutonic units (Laguna Verde, Sauce, Pen??uelas and Limache) are restricted to the 156-161 Ma interval, showing in certain cases, inherited zircons from an unknown source. The difference between ages obtained using both chronological methods is a few million years, indicating that a short time passed between the crystallization and the cooling of the plutonic bodies, as well as a fast magmatic differentiation process. The Laguna Verde and Sauce Units, experienced a fast uplift, probably as a result of an extensional tectonic process in the magmatic arc, or induced by the magmatic pressure through fracture zones during Middle Jurassic.","language":"Spanish, English","issn":"07160208","usgsCitation":"Gana, P., and Tosdal, R.M., 1996, U-Pb and K-Ar geochronology in Paleozoic and Mesozoic intrusive rocks of the Coastal Cordillera, Valparaiso, Chile: Revista Geologica de Chile, v. 23, no. 2, p. 151-164.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"151","endPage":"164","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227261,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb9c4e4b08c986b327dc6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gana, Paulina","contributorId":75705,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gana","given":"Paulina","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":380276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tosdal, Richard M.","contributorId":42274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tosdal","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":380275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70018085,"text":"70018085 - 1996 - Uruguay Roselli 1938 and Rosellichnus, N. Ichnogenus: Two ichnogenera for clusters of fossil bee cells","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-06T15:24:48","indexId":"70018085","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1965,"text":"Ichnos: An International Journal for Plant and Animal Traces","onlineIssn":"1563-5236","printIssn":"1042-0940","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Uruguay Roselli 1938 and Rosellichnus, N. Ichnogenus: Two ichnogenera for clusters of fossil bee cells","title":"Uruguay Roselli 1938 and Rosellichnus, N. Ichnogenus: Two ichnogenera for clusters of fossil bee cells","docAbstract":"The systematics of the fossil bee nest ichnogenus Uruguay from the Uruguayan Cretaceous or lower Tertiary is reviewed and two new ichnospecies of a new ichnogenus, Rosellichnus, are proposed for fossil bee nests from the Miocene of the United Arab Emirates and Patagonian Argentina. Uruguay contains U. auroranormae(the ich‐notype) and U. rivasi, which differs from the type ichnospecies in having clustered cells arranged in three rows, with one central and two marginal rows of subparallel cells. No bee nest architecture known to us unequivocally fits with any ichnospecies described herein. Uruguay was constructed in the subsoil and may be of halictid origin; however, its large cell size, thick cell walls, and the presence of a vestibular cell do not fit the architecture of nests of extant halictids. Rosellichnus arabicus lacks the complete cavity surrounding the cell cluster that is typical in nests of Old World halictids, but it may, nonetheless, still be of halictid origin. R. pa‐tagonicus has an architecture more similar to nests of anthophorine bees than to those of Neotropical Halictidae. Therefore, the ichnogenus Rosellichnus may include both halictid and anthophorine constructions. Although the smooth inner cell walls, spiral cell caps, and clustering of cells indicate that both Uruguay and Rosellichnus are trace fossils of bee origin, it is likely that both represent nest architectures that are no longer employed by extant bees, or those that are as yet unknown. The paleoenvironments of both the Argentine and Emirates species of Rosellichnus indicate that the trace‐makers of this ichnogenus constructed their nests in open ground sandy soils.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/10420949609380127","usgsCitation":"Genise, J.F., and Bown, T.M., 1996, Uruguay Roselli 1938 and Rosellichnus, N. Ichnogenus: Two ichnogenera for clusters of fossil bee cells: Ichnos: An International Journal for Plant and Animal Traces, v. 4, no. 3, p. 199-217, https://doi.org/10.1080/10420949609380127.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"199","endPage":"217","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":228746,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Argentina, United Arab Emirates","volume":"4","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbe4ae4b08c986b3294e7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Genise, Jorge F.","contributorId":107450,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Genise","given":"Jorge","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":378426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bown, Thomas M.","contributorId":67081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bown","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":378425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70017773,"text":"70017773 - 1996 - Late Quaternary transgressive large dunes on the sediment-starved Adriatic shelf","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-05T01:42:51.576231","indexId":"70017773","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1785,"text":"Geological Society Special Publication","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late Quaternary transgressive large dunes on the sediment-starved Adriatic shelf","docAbstract":"The Adriatic epicontinental basin is a low-gradient shelf where the late-Quaternary transgressive systems tract (TST) is composed of thin parasequences of backbarrier, shoreface and offshore deposits. The facies and internal architecture of the late-Quaternary TST in the Adriatic epicontinental basin changed consistently from early transgression to late transgression reflecting: (1) fluctuations in the balance between sediment supply and accommodation increase, and (2) a progressive intensification of the oceanographic regime, driven by the transgressive widening of the basin to as much as seven times its lowstand extent. One of the consequences of this trend is that high-energy marine bedforms such as sand ridges and sand waves characterize only areas that were flooded close to the end of the late-Quaternary sea-level rise, when the wind fetch was maximum and bigger waves and stronger storm currents could form. We studied the morphology, sediment composition and sequence-stratigraphical setting of a field of asymmetric bedforms (typically 3 m high and 600 m in wavelength) in 20-24 m water depth offshore the Venice Lagoon in the sediment-starved North Adriatic shelf. The sand that forms these large dunes derived from a drowned transgressive coastal deposit reworked by marine processes. Early cementation took place over most of the dune crests limiting their activity and preventing their destruction. Both the formation and deactivation of this field of sand dunes occurred over a short time interval close to the turn-around point that separates the late-Quaternary sea-level rise and the following highstand and reflect rapid changes in the oceanographic regime of the basin.","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society, London","doi":"10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.117.01.09","issn":"03058719","usgsCitation":"Correggiari, A., Field, M., and Trincardi, F., 1996, Late Quaternary transgressive large dunes on the sediment-starved Adriatic shelf: Geological Society Special Publication, v. 117, p. 155-169, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.117.01.09.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"155","endPage":"169","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":228724,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"117","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1996-10-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a453be4b0c8380cd67143","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Correggiari, A.","contributorId":88110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Correggiari","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Field, M.E.","contributorId":27052,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Field","given":"M.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Trincardi, F.","contributorId":94794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trincardi","given":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70185348,"text":"70185348 - 1996 - Migration, fidelity, and use of autumn staging grounds in Alaska by Cackling Canada Geese Branta canadensis minima","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-20T16:48:52","indexId":"70185348","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3764,"text":"Wildfowl","onlineIssn":"2052-6458","printIssn":"0954-6324","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Migration, fidelity, and use of autumn staging grounds in Alaska by Cackling Canada Geese Branta canadensis minima","docAbstract":"Lack (1967, 1968) proposed that clutch size in waterfowl is limited by the nutrients available to females when producing eggs. He suggested that if nutrients available for clutch formation are limited, then species producing small eggs would, on average, lay more eggs than species with large eggs. Rohwer (1988) argues that this model should also apply within species. Thus, the nutrition-limitation hypothesis predicts a tradeoff among females between clutch size and egg size (Rohwer 1988). Field studies of single species consistently have failed to detect a negative relationship between clutch size and egg size (Rohwer 1988, Lessells et al. 1992, Rohwer and Eisenhauer 1989, Flint and Sedinger 1992, Flint and Grand 1996). The absence of such a relationship within species has been regarded as evidence against the hypothesis that nutrient availability limits clutch size (Rohwer 1988, 1991, 1992; Rohwer and Eisenhauer 1989).
","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.2307/4088875","usgsCitation":"Flint, P.L., Grand, J.B., and Sedinger, J.S., 1996, Allocation of limited reserves to a clutch: A model explaining the lack of a relationship between clutch size and egg size: The Auk, v. 113, no. 4, p. 939-942, https://doi.org/10.2307/4088875.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"939","endPage":"942","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337641,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"113","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ca52ffe4b0849ce97c8754","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flint, Paul L. 0000-0002-8758-6993 pflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8758-6993","contributorId":3284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Paul","email":"pflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":684552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grand, J. Barry 0000-0002-3576-4567 barry_grand@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3576-4567","contributorId":579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grand","given":"J.","email":"barry_grand@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Barry","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":684553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sedinger, James S.","contributorId":84861,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sedinger","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":12742,"text":"University of Nevada Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":684554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70185308,"text":"70185308 - 1996 - Numerical evaluation of static-chamber measurements of soil-atmospheric gas exchange--Identification of physical processes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-20T12:29:39","indexId":"70185308","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3420,"text":"Soil Science Society of America Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Numerical evaluation of static-chamber measurements of soil-atmospheric gas exchange--Identification of physical processes","docAbstract":"The exchange of gases between soil and atmosphere is an important process that affects atmospheric chemistry and therefore climate. The static-chamber method is the most commonly used technique for estimating the rate of that exchange. We examined the method under hypothetical field conditions where diffusion was the only mechanism for gas transport and the atmosphere outside the chamber was maintained at a fixed concentration. Analytical and numerical solutions to the soil gas diffusion equation in one and three dimensions demonstrated that gas flux density to a static chamber deployed on the soil surface was less in magnitude than the ambient exchange rate in the absence of the chamber. This discrepancy, which increased with chamber deployment time and air-filled porosity of soil, is attributed to two physical factors: distortion of the soil gas concentration gradient (the magnitude was decreased in the vertical component and increased in the radial component) and the slow transport rate of diffusion relative to mixing within the chamber. Instantaneous flux density to a chamber decreased continuously with time; steepest decreases occurred so quickly following deployment and in response to such slight changes in mean chamber headspace concentration that they would likely go undetected by most field procedures. Adverse influences of these factors were reduced by mixing the chamber headspace, minimizing deployment time, maximizing the height and radius of the chamber, and pushing the rim of the chamber into the soil. Nonlinear models were superior to a linear regression model for estimating flux densities from mean headspace concentrations, suggesting that linearity of headspace concentration with time was not necessarily a good indicator of measurement accuracy.
","language":"English","publisher":"Soil Science Society of America","doi":"10.2136/sssaj1996.03615995006000030009x","usgsCitation":"Healy, R.W., Striegl, R.G., Russell, T.F., Hutchinson, G.L., and Livingston, G.P., 1996, Numerical evaluation of static-chamber measurements of soil-atmospheric gas exchange--Identification of physical processes: Soil Science Society of America Journal, v. 60, no. 3, p. 740-747, https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj1996.03615995006000030009x.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"740","endPage":"747","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337849,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"60","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1996-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d0ea1ee4b0236b68f67391","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Healy, Richard W. 0000-0002-0224-1858 rwhealy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0224-1858","contributorId":658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Healy","given":"Richard","email":"rwhealy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":685114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Striegl, Robert G. 0000-0002-8251-4659 rstriegl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8251-4659","contributorId":1630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Striegl","given":"Robert","email":"rstriegl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":685115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Russell, Thomas F.","contributorId":189540,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Russell","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hutchinson, Gordon L.","contributorId":189541,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hutchinson","given":"Gordon","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Livingston, Gerald P.","contributorId":189542,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Livingston","given":"Gerald","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70185238,"text":"70185238 - 1996 - Detectability, philopatry, and the distribution of dispersal distances in vertebrates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-16T15:00:47","indexId":"70185238","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3653,"text":"Trends in Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Detectability, philopatry, and the distribution of dispersal distances in vertebrates","docAbstract":"Dispersal is of central importance to population biology, behavioral ecology and conservation. However, because field studies are based on finite study areas, nearly all dispersal distributions for vertebrates currently available are biased, often highly so. The inadequacy of dispersal data obtained directly by traditional methods using population studies of marked individuals is highlighted by comparing the resulting distributions with dispersal estimates obtained by radio-tracking and by using genetic estimates of gene flow.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0169-5347(96)20074-6","usgsCitation":"Koenig, W.D., Van Vuren, D., and Hooge, P.N., 1996, Detectability, philopatry, and the distribution of dispersal distances in vertebrates: Trends in Ecology and Evolution, v. 11, no. 12, p. 514-517, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-5347(96)20074-6.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"514","endPage":"517","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337769,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58cba437e4b0849ce97dc7d0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Koenig, Walter D.","contributorId":46255,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koenig","given":"Walter","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Van Vuren, Dirk H.","contributorId":89408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Vuren","given":"Dirk H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hooge, Philip N.","contributorId":77587,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooge","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70186269,"text":"70186269 - 1996 - Activity and feeding of ovigerous Dungeness crabs in Glacier Bay, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-03T14:10:48","indexId":"70186269","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Activity and feeding of ovigerous Dungeness crabs in Glacier Bay, Alaska","docAbstract":"The activity and feeding behavior of ovigerous Dungeness crabs, Cancer magister, were examined as part of a long-term study. Part of this study surveyed Bartlett Cove in Glacier Bay, Alaska, during the spring of 1994 where 50 commercial pots were soaked for 24 hours. Catch per unit effort (CPUE), dispersion, and stomach samples of male, nonovigerous female, and ovigerous female crabs were compared. A laboratory experiment compared feeding rate, foraging response, and survival between starved and fed ovigerous and nonovigerous crabs over a six-month winter period (December 1994-May 1995).
CPUE differed significantly for crabs of different reproductive groups caught in pots during the spring 1994 survey in Bartlett Cove (ANOVA, P< 0.01). CPUE averaged 3.7 ± 0.5 (standard error) for males, 1.3 ± 0.3 for nonovigerous females, and 0.4 ± 0.1 for ovigerous females. Male and nonovigerous female Dungeness crabs were homogeneously dispersed throughout the pot transect area; however, ovigerous crabs were aggregated. A significant difference in dry weight of stomach contents and stomach fullness between reproductive groups existed.
Ovigerous females had significantly lower feeding rates than nonovigerous females in the laboratory (two way ANOVA, P< 0.01). The foraging responses of ovigerous crabs were significantly lower in comparison to nonovigerous females (Mann-Whitney U test, P< 0.01). Seasonal differences were also found for foraging within the two groups over the course of the study period (Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA, P< O.OI). No mortality occurred in treatments of fed and starved ovigerous and nonovigerous crabs over the six-month experiment, demonstrating Dungeness crabs can survive overwinter without feeding in laboratory conditions.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the international symposium on biology, management, and economics of crabs from high latitude habitats: Lowell Wakefield fisheries symposium","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"International Symposium on Biology, Management, and Economics of Crabs from High Latitude Habitats: Lowell Wakefield Fisheries Symposium","conferenceDate":"October 11-13, 1995","conferenceLocation":"Anchorage, AK","language":"English","publisher":"Alaska Sea Grant College Program, University of Alaska Fairbanks","publisherLocation":"Fairbanks, AK","isbn":"1-56612-039-X","usgsCitation":"Schultz, D.A., Shirley, T.C., O’Clair, C.E., and Taggart, S.J., 1996, Activity and feeding of ovigerous Dungeness crabs in Glacier Bay, Alaska, in Proceedings of the international symposium on biology, management, and economics of crabs from high latitude habitats: Lowell Wakefield fisheries symposium, Anchorage, AK, October 11-13, 1995, p. 411-424.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"411","endPage":"424","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":339050,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":339049,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://seagrant.uaf.edu/bookstore/pubs/AK-SG-96-02.html"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Glacier bay","publicComments":"Larger Work is Alaska Sea Grant College Program report no. 96-02","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58e35f8ee4b09da67997ecd6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schultz, Deborah A.","contributorId":190295,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schultz","given":"Deborah","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shirley, Thomas C.","contributorId":17409,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shirley","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":12548,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks, School of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":688090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"O’Clair, Charles E.","contributorId":60571,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Clair","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Taggart, S. James","contributorId":30131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taggart","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":1014717,"text":"1014717 - 1996 - Control of external Aeromonas salmonicida: topical disinfection of salmonids with Chloramine-T","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-18T12:01:08.99749","indexId":"1014717","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2177,"text":"Journal of Aquatic Animal Health","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Control of external Aeromonas salmonicida: topical disinfection of salmonids with Chloramine-T","docAbstract":"Brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis were treated with single 60-min static baths of 250 mg formalin/L, 3% NaCl, and 15 mg Chloramine-T/L to evaluate the efficacy of these compounds against external infections of Aeromonas salmonicida. Prevalence of A. salmonicida was significantly lower in brook trout treated with Chloramine-T than among those treated with formalin or salt. Further laboratory tests substantiated the therapeutic value of a single treatment of ChloramineT (15 mg/L) against A. salmonicida. In two experiments, viable counts of A. salmonicida in mucus did not vary among replicate groups of treated brook trout, but the counts for treated fish were significantly (P < 0.05) lower than those for untreated controls. In vitro tube dilution assays indicated that mean minimum inhibitory concentrations of Chloramine-T for 10 isolates of A. salmonicida were 9.0 mg/L for 1 h and 2.25 mg/L, for 24 h. In field trials at the White River National Fish Hatchery (Bethel, Vermont), the pathogen was detected principally as an external infection of juvenile Atlantic salmon Salmo solar maintained in two culture ponds. In one pond, the bacterium accounted for 100% of the total distribution of tnicroflora isolated from mucus. Seven days after treatment with Chloramine-T, A. sahnonicida accounted for 11% of the total bacterial counts identified from these fish. In the second pond, A. salmonicida composed 3% of the counts of bacteria isolated from the mucus of fish before treatment but was not isolated after treatment.
An asymptomatic carrier population of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss was examined for Aeromonas salmonicida by primary dilution counts on Coomassie Brilliant Blue agar and also by streaking on bacteriological media after a 24–48-h pre-enrichment in tryptic soy broth. The pathogen was detected by primary dilution plate counts in 1 spleen, 15 gill, and 19 mucus samples of the 100 trout examined. Aerornonas samonicida was detected only after 48-h preenrichment in the one spleen that had already tested positive via primary dilution counts. The pathogen was not detected in kidney, liver, and intestinal samples. The occurrence of the pathogen in mucus and gills suggests a predominantly external nature of asymptomatic carriage of A. salmonicida within this population of fish. Repeated examination of fluidized biofilters and tank water showed that A. salmonicida did not become established in the recirculation system.
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Alaska Geological Society","usgsCitation":"Haeussler, P.J., 1996, A link between ridge subduction and gold mineralization in southern Alaska: Newsletter of the Alaska Geological Society, v. 25, no. 7, p. 1-4.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":341081,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","volume":"25","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"591426f3e4b0e541a03e9674","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haeussler, Peter J. 0000-0002-1503-6247 pheuslr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-6247","contributorId":503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeussler","given":"Peter","email":"pheuslr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70185206,"text":"70185206 - 1996 - Serological evidence of morbillivirus infection in polar bears (Ursus maritimus) from Alaska and Russia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-16T11:23:45","indexId":"70185206","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3688,"text":"Veterinary Record","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Serological evidence of morbillivirus infection in polar bears (Ursus maritimus) from Alaska and Russia","docAbstract":"One-hundred-and-ninety-one samples of blood serum collected from 186 polar bears (Ursus maritimus) between 1987 and 1992 were analysed for morbillivirus antibodies. The samples were collected in the Bering, Chukchi and East Siberian seas. Sixty-eight samples (35.6 per cent) had morbillivirus antibody titres > 5; the percentage of positive samples ranged from 26.2 to 46.2 per cent from year to year. The proportions of adults, sub-adults and cubs which were seropositive were 43.9, 35.7 and 37.9 per cent respectively. Some seropositive dams had seronegative young and some that were seronegative had seropositive young. One litter of two cubs, in which the dam was seronegative, had one seropositive and one seronegative cub. Seropositive bears occurred in all the areas from which the samples were collected but there was a significantly greater incidence in the bears sampled in Russia. The high prevalence of seropositive bears over the period suggests that the bear morbillivirus is endemic in these regions of the Arctic, but its source is unknown.
","language":"English","publisher":"BMJ Journals","doi":"10.1136/vr.138.25.615","usgsCitation":"Follmann, E.H., Garner, G., Evermann, J.F., and McKeirnan, 1996, Serological evidence of morbillivirus infection in polar bears (Ursus maritimus) from Alaska and Russia: Veterinary Record, v. 138, no. 25, p. 615-618, https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.138.25.615.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"615","endPage":"618","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337724,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Russia, United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Bering Sea, Chukchi Sea, East Siberian Sea","volume":"138","issue":"25","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1996-06-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58cba437e4b0849ce97dc7d2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Follmann, Erich H.","contributorId":24828,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Follmann","given":"Erich","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garner, G.W.","contributorId":80218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garner","given":"G.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Evermann, Jim F.","contributorId":87336,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Evermann","given":"Jim","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McKeirnan","contributorId":189402,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKeirnan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70017712,"text":"70017712 - 1996 - Silt heavy-mineral distributions off the Southeastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-09T12:34:36","indexId":"70017712","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1742,"text":"Geo-Marine Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Silt heavy-mineral distributions off the Southeastern United States","docAbstract":"Until recently heavy-mineral studies of marine sediments were largely restricted to sand fractions. New techniques permitting analysis of decalcified silt fractions have been applied to sediments off the southeastern United States. Our data, which confirm predictions from the basic relationship among grain size, specific gravity, and equivalent hydraulic transport behavior, show that concentrations and average diameters of the silt heavy minerals progressively decrease seaward. Heavy minerals always constitute a substantially greater weight percent of the silt than of the sand fraction. Despite corroded surface textures suggestive of extensive weathering and dissolution, spatial trends in the detrital heavy-mineral populations are predominantly controlled by source and hydraulic factors.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF02202606","issn":"02760460","usgsCitation":"Poppe, L., and Commeau, J., 1996, Silt heavy-mineral distributions off the Southeastern United States: Geo-Marine Letters, v. 16, no. 2, p. 115-122, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02202606.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"115","endPage":"122","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":228526,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"16","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8f3be4b08c986b318dec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poppe, L. J.","contributorId":72782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poppe","given":"L.","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Commeau, J.A.","contributorId":21549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Commeau","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70017710,"text":"70017710 - 1996 - Appalachian piedmont regolith: Relations of saprolite and residual soils to rock-type","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:55","indexId":"70017710","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1823,"text":"Geotechnical Special Publication","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Appalachian piedmont regolith: Relations of saprolite and residual soils to rock-type","docAbstract":"Saprolite is a major product of rock weathering on the Appalachian Piedmont from New Jersey to Alabama. On the Piedmont, it is the primary substrate from which residual soils are developed. Properties of saprolite and residual soils are highly related to their parent rocks. Studies of cores and outcrops illustrate that rock structure and mineralogy control upland regolith zonation. Saprolite develops by in situ chemical alteration of a wide variety of mafic to highly silicic rocks. Thickness of upland saprolite varies from a few meters on mafic rocks to tens of meters on silicic rocks. Saprolite thickness decreases with increasing slope and saprolite is generally thin or absent in valley bottoms. Massive residual subsoils and soils develop by physical and chemical processes that alter the upper few meters of saprolite. The fabric, texture and mineralogy of residual soils are distinctly different from underlying saprolite. The boundary between soil and saprolite is often gradual, and often a zone of low permeability. Geologic maps are useful guides to Piedmont regolith thickness and zonation. In regional design studies, geologic maps and regolith characteristics can be useful in environmental decision-making.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geotechnical Special Publication","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"08950563","usgsCitation":"Pavich, M., 1996, Appalachian piedmont regolith: Relations of saprolite and residual soils to rock-type: Geotechnical Special Publication, no. 63.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":228481,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"63","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ec76e4b0c8380cd492a9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pavich, M.J.","contributorId":70788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pavich","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70017711,"text":"70017711 - 1996 - Geology and geothermal potential of Alid volcanic center, Eritrea, Africa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:55","indexId":"70017711","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Geology and geothermal potential of Alid volcanic center, Eritrea, Africa","docAbstract":"Alid volcanic center, a 700-meter-tall mountain in Eritrea, northeast Africa, straddles the axis of an active crustal-spreading center called the Danakil Depression. Boiling-temperature fumaroles are common on Alid, and their gas compositions indicate a reservoir temperature of at least 250 ??C. The history of volcanism and the high reservoir temperature indicated by the Alid fumarole gases suggest that a geothermal resource of electrical grade lies beneath the mountain. Though drilling is needed to determine subsurface conditions, the process of dome formation and the ongoing crustal spreading can create and maintain fracture permeability in the hydrothermal system that feeds the Alid fumaroles.","largerWorkTitle":"Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the 1996 Annual Meeting of the Geothermal Resources Council","conferenceDate":"29 September 1996 through 2 October 1996","conferenceLocation":"Portland, OR, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Geothermal Resources Council","publisherLocation":"Davis, CA, United States","issn":"01935933","usgsCitation":"Clynne, M.A., Duffield, W.A., Fournier, R.O., Giorgis, L.W., Janik, C.J., Kahsai, G., Lowenstern, J., Mariam, K.W., Smith, J., and Tesfai, T., 1996, Geology and geothermal potential of Alid volcanic center, Eritrea, Africa, in Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council, v. 20, Portland, OR, USA, 29 September 1996 through 2 October 1996, p. 279-286.","startPage":"279","endPage":"286","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":228525,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a22f9e4b0c8380cd574cf","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Anon","contributorId":128316,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Anon","id":536375,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Clynne, Michael A. 0000-0002-4220-2968 mclynne@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4220-2968","contributorId":2032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clynne","given":"Michael","email":"mclynne@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":377326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Duffield, Wendell A.","contributorId":14363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duffield","given":"Wendell","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fournier, Robert O.","contributorId":73202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fournier","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Giorgis, Leake W.","contributorId":18525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giorgis","given":"Leake","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Janik, Cathy J.","contributorId":87090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Janik","given":"Cathy","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kahsai, Gabreab","contributorId":72544,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kahsai","given":"Gabreab","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lowenstern, Jacob","contributorId":88051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowenstern","given":"Jacob","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Mariam, Kidane W.","contributorId":44683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mariam","given":"Kidane","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Smith, James G.","contributorId":98712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"James G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Tesfai, Theoderos","contributorId":52349,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tesfai","given":"Theoderos","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70017709,"text":"70017709 - 1996 - Deicing chemicals as source of constituents of highway runoff","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-05-01T15:46:21.790303","indexId":"70017709","displayToPublicDate":"1996-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3647,"text":"Transportation Research Record","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deicing chemicals as source of constituents of highway runoff","docAbstract":"The dissolved major and trace constituents of deicing chemicals as a source of constituents in highway runoff must be quantified for interpretive studies of highway runoff and its effects on surface water and groundwater. Dissolved constituents of the deicing chemicals—sodium chloride, calcium chloride, and premix (a mixture of sodium and calcium chloride)—were determined by analysis of salt solutions created in the laboratory and are presented as mass ratios to chloride. Deicing chemical samples studied are about 98 and 97 percent pure sodium chloride and calcium chloride, respectively; however, each has a distinct major and trace ion constituent signature. The greatest impurity in sodium chloride road salt samples was sulfate, followed by calcium, potassium, bromide, vanadium, magnesium, fluoride, and other constituents with a ratio to chloride of less than 0.0001 by mass. The greatest impurity in the calcium chloride road salt samples was sodium, followed by potassium, sulfate, bromide, silica, fluoride, strontium, magnesium, and other constituents with a ratio to chloride of less than 0.0001 by mass. Major constituents of deicing chemicals in highway runoff may account for a substantial source of annual chemical loads. Comparison of estimated annual loads and first flush concentrations of deicing chemical constituents in highway runoff with those reported in the literature indicate that although deicing chemicals are not a primary source of trace constituents, they are not a trivial source, either. Therefore, deicing chemicals should be considered as a source of many major and trace constituents in highway and urban runoff.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","doi":"10.1177/0361198196153300108","issn":"03611981","usgsCitation":"Granato, G., 1996, Deicing chemicals as source of constituents of highway runoff: Transportation Research Record, v. 1533, no. 1, p. 50-58, https://doi.org/10.1177/0361198196153300108.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"50","endPage":"58","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":228480,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1533","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fe59e4b0c8380cd4ecbe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Granato, G.E.","contributorId":61457,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Granato","given":"G.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}