Riverine ecosystems receive organic matter (OM) from terrestrial sources, internally produce new OM, and biogeochemically cycle and modify organic and inorganic carbon. Major gaps remain in the understanding of the relationships between carbon sources and processing in river systems. Here we synthesize isotopic, elemental, and molecular properties of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), particulate organic carbon (POC), and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in the Upper Mississippi River (UMR) system above Wabasha, MN, including the main stem Mississippi River and its four major tributaries (Minnesota, upper Mississippi, St. Croix, and Chippewa Rivers). Our goal was to elucidate how biological processing modifies the chemical and isotopic composition of aquatic carbon pools during transport downstream in a large river system with natural and man-made impoundments. Relationships between land cover and DOC carbon-isotope composition, absorbance, and hydrophobic acid content indicate that DOC retains terrestrial carbon source information, while the terrestrial POC signal is largely replaced by autochthonous organic matter, and DIC integrates the influence of in-stream photosynthesis and respiration of organic matter. The UMR is slightly heterotrophic throughout the year, but pools formed by low-head navigation dams and natural impoundments promote a shift towards autotrophic conditions, altering aquatic ecosystem dynamics and POC and DIC composition. Such changes likely occur in all major river systems affected by low-head dams and need to be incorporated into our understanding of inland water carbon dynamics and processes controlling CO2 emissions from rivers, as new navigation and flood control systems are planned for future river and water resources management.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2017GB005699","usgsCitation":"Voss, B., Wickland, K.P., Aiken, G.R., and Striegl, R.G., 2017, Biological and land use controls on the isotopic composition of aquatic carbon in the Upper Mississippi River Basin: Global Biogeochemical Cycles, v. 31, no. 8, p. 1271-1288, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GB005699.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"1271","endPage":"1288","ipdsId":"IP-080077","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469622,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2017gb005699","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":344582,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Upper Mississippi River Basin","volume":"31","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-08-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59858807e4b05ba66e9ea298","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Voss, Britta 0000-0003-0149-8106 bvoss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0149-8106","contributorId":195490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voss","given":"Britta","email":"bvoss@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wickland, Kimberly P. 0000-0002-6400-0590 kpwick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6400-0590","contributorId":1835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wickland","given":"Kimberly","email":"kpwick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Aiken, George R. 0000-0001-8454-0984 graiken@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8454-0984","contributorId":1322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aiken","given":"George","email":"graiken@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Striegl, Robert G. 0000-0002-8251-4659 rstriegl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8251-4659","contributorId":1630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Striegl","given":"Robert","email":"rstriegl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":707221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70190020,"text":"70190020 - 2017 - Effects of extreme floods on macroinvertebrate assemblages in tributaries to the Mohawk River, New York, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-05T12:31:59","indexId":"70190020","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3301,"text":"River Research and Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of extreme floods on macroinvertebrate assemblages in tributaries to the Mohawk River, New York, USA","docAbstract":"Climate change is forecast to bring more frequent and intense precipitation to New York which has motivated research into the effects of floods on stream ecosystems. Macroinvertebrate assemblages were sampled at 13 sites in the Mohawk River basin during August 2011, and again in October 2011, following historic floods caused by remnants of Hurricane Irene and Tropical Storm Lee. The annual exceedance probabilities of floods at regional flow-monitoring sites ranged from 0.5 to 0.001. Data from the first 2 surveys, and from additional surveys done during July and October 2014, were assessed to characterize the severity of flood impacts, effect of seasonality, and recovery. Indices of total taxa richness; Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera (EPT) richness; Hilsenhoff's biotic index; per cent model affinity; and nutrient biotic index-phosphorus were combined to calculate New York State Biological Assessment Profile scores. Analysis of variance tests were used to determine if the Biological Assessment Profile, its component metrics, relative abundance, and diversity differed significantly (p ≤ .05) among the four surveys. Only total taxa richness and Shannon–Wiener diversity increased significantly, and abundance decreased significantly, following the floods. No metrics differed significantly between the July and August 2014 surveys which indicates that the differences denoted between the August and October 2011 surveys were caused by the floods. Changes in taxa richness, EPT richness, and diversity were significantly correlated with flood annual exceedance probabilities. This study increased our understanding of the resistance and resilience of benthic macroinvertebrate communities by showing that their assemblages were relatively impervious to extreme floods across the region.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/rra.3158","usgsCitation":"Calderon, M.R., Baldigo, B.P., Smith, A., and Endreny, T.A., 2017, Effects of extreme floods on macroinvertebrate assemblages in tributaries to the Mohawk River, New York, USA: River Research and Applications, v. 33, no. 7, p. 1060-1070, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.3158.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1060","endPage":"1070","ipdsId":"IP-082245","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469620,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.3158","text":"External Repository"},{"id":344584,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Mohawk River","volume":"33","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-05-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59858808e4b05ba66e9ea29c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Calderon, Mirian R.","contributorId":195488,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Calderon","given":"Mirian","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":707211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baldigo, Barry P. 0000-0002-9862-9119 bbaldigo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9862-9119","contributorId":1234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baldigo","given":"Barry","email":"bbaldigo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, Alexander J.","contributorId":140345,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Alexander J.","affiliations":[{"id":13464,"text":"Environmental Analyst, NY State Dept of Environmental Conservation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":707212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Endreny, Theodore A.","contributorId":195489,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Endreny","given":"Theodore","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":707213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70189168,"text":"ofr20171083 - 2017 - Barrier island habitat map and vegetation survey—Dauphin Island, Alabama, 2015","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-04T15:01:34","indexId":"ofr20171083","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2017-1083","title":"Barrier island habitat map and vegetation survey—Dauphin Island, Alabama, 2015","docAbstract":"Barrier islands are dynamic environments due to their position at the land-sea interface. Storms, waves, tides, currents, and relative sea-level rise are powerful forces that shape barrier island geomorphology and habitats (for example, beach, dune, marsh, and forest). Hurricane Katrina in 2005 and the Deep Water Horizon oil spill in 2010 are two major events that have affected habitats and natural resources on Dauphin Island, Alabama. The latter event prompted a collaborative effort between the U.S. Geological Survey, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, and the State of Alabama funded by the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation to investigate viable, sustainable restoration options that protect and restore the natural resources of Dauphin Island, Alabama.
In order to understand the feasibility and sustainability of various restoration scenarios, it is important to understand current conditions on Dauphin Island. To further this understanding, a detailed 19-class habitat map for Dauphin Island was produced from 1-foot aerial infrared photography collected on December 4, 2015, and lidar data collected in January 2015. We also conducted a ground survey of habitat types, vegetation community structure, and elevations in November and December 2015. These products provide baseline data regarding the ecological and general geomorphological attributes of the area, which can be compared with observations from other dates for tracking changes over time.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20171083","collaboration":"Prepared in collaboration with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Enwright, N.M., Borchert, S.M., Day, R.H., Feher, L.C., Osland, M.J., Wang, Lei, and Wang, Hongqing, 2017, Barrier island habitat map and vegetation survey—Dauphin Island, Alabama, 2015: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2017–1083, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20171083.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 17 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"28","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-087262","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344579,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7513WPC","text":"USGS - Data Release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Barrier island habitat map and vegetation survey, Dauphin Island, AL, 2015"},{"id":344578,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1083/ofr20171083.pdf","size":"2.40 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2017–1083"},{"id":344577,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1083/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama","otherGeospatial":"Dauphin Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.37127685546875,\n 30.20626765511821\n ],\n [\n -88.05541992187499,\n 30.20626765511821\n ],\n [\n -88.05541992187499,\n 30.288717426233095\n ],\n [\n -88.37127685546875,\n 30.288717426233095\n ],\n [\n -88.37127685546875,\n 30.20626765511821\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Wetland and Aquatic Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
700 Cajundome Blvd.
Lafayette, LA 70506
The U.S. Army Garrison Fort Carson (AGFC) and the Piñon Canyon Maneuver Site (PCMS) are facilities operated by the U.S. Department of the Army in southern Colorado. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of the Army, established a hydrologic and water-quality data-collection network at the AGFC in June 1978 and at the PCMS in October 1982. The data-collection networks are designed to assess the quantity and quality of water resources and monitor the effects of military training activities on streamflow and water quality. Two preexisting U.S. Geological Survey streamgages at the PCMS were incorporated into the data-collection network at the time it was established, providing periods of record that begin as early as 1966. This report presents and summarizes precipitation, streamflow, suspended-sediment, and water-quality data from 34 U.S. Geological Survey sites on or near the AGFC and the PCMS for the period of record at each site. (Streamflow data are presented as discharge in cubic feet per second.)
At AGFC, daily sum precipitation ranged from 0 to 11.85 inches, daily mean discharge ranged from 0 to 836 cubic feet per second, and daily mean suspended-sediment discharge ranged from 0 to 39,900 tons per day. With the exception of total (unfiltered) mercury and filtered sulfate at two sites and filtered manganese at three sites, 95th percentile trace element concentrations and median total (unfiltered) metal concentrations were less than regulatory numeric standards for all samples. However, individual water-quality results occasionally exceeded respective regulatory numeric standards.
At the PCMS, daily sum precipitation ranged from 0 to 4.59 inches, daily mean discharge ranged from 0 to 4,190 cubic feet per second, and daily mean suspended-sediment discharge ranged from 0 to 21,100 tons per day. Water-quality results, 95th percentile trace element concentrations, and median total (unfiltered) metal concentrations were less than regulatory numeric standards for most properties and constituents except for filtered chloride at one site, filtered sulfate at six sites, filtered phosphorus at one site, filtered manganese at three sites, and total (unfiltered) iron at three sites. Individual water-quality values also occasionally exceeded respective regulatory numeric standards.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20171072","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of the Army","usgsCitation":"Arnold, L.R., 2017, Precipitation, streamflow, suspended-sediment, and water-quality data for the U.S. Army Garrison Fort Carson and Piñon Canyon Maneuver Site, Colorado, 1966–2015: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2017–1072, 130 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20171072.","productDescription":"v, 129 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-086258","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344560,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1072/ofr20171072.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.69 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2017-1072"},{"id":344559,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1072/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Piñon Canyon Maneuver Site, U.S. Army Garrison Fort Carson","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.05,\n 38.77\n ],\n [\n -104.59,\n 38.77\n ],\n [\n -104.59,\n 38.4\n ],\n [\n -105.05,\n 38.4\n ],\n [\n -105.05,\n 38.77\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Colorado Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, MS-415
Denver, CO 80225
Continuous records of discharge and turbidity at a U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) streamgage in the lower Stillaguamish River were paired with discrete measurements of suspended-sediment concentration (SSC) in order to estimate suspended-sediment loads over the water years 2014 and 2015. First, relations between turbidity and SSC were developed and used to translate the continuous turbidity record into a continuous estimate of SSC. Those concentrations were then used to predict suspended-sediment loads based on the current discharge record, reported at daily intervals. Alternative methods were used to in-fill a small number of days with either missing periods of turbidity or discharge records. Uncertainties in our predictions at daily and annual time scales were estimated based on the parameter uncertainties in our turbidity-SSC regressions. Daily loads ranged from as high as 121,000 tons during a large autumn storm to as low as –56 tons, when tidal return flow moved more sediment upstream than river discharge did downstream. Annual suspended-sediment loads for both water years were close to 1.4 ± 0.2 million tons.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20171066","usgsCitation":"Anderson, S.W., Curran, C.A., and Grossman, E.E., 2017, Suspended-sediment loads in the lower Stillaguamish River, Snohomish County, Washington, 2014–15: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2017–1066, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20171066.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 10 p.; Table","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-085882","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344567,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1066/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":344568,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1066/ofr2017.1066.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2017-1066"},{"id":344569,"rank":3,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1066/ofr20171066_table03.xlsx","text":"Table 3","size":"46 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"OFR 2017-1066"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","county":"Snohomish County","otherGeospatial":"Lower Stillaguamish River","contact":"Director,
Washington Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
934 Broadway, Suite 300
Tacoma, Washington 98402
StreamStats is an interactive, map-based web application from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) that allows users to easily obtain streamflow statistics and watershed characteristics for both gaged and ungaged sites on streams throughout New Jersey. Users can determine flood magnitude and frequency, monthly flow-duration, monthly low-flow frequency statistics, and watershed characteristics for ungaged sites by selecting a point along a stream, or they can obtain this information for streamgages by selecting a streamgage location on the map. StreamStats provides several additional tools useful for water-resources planning and management, as well as for engineering purposes. StreamStats is available for most states and some river basins through a single web portal.
Streamflow statistics for water resources professionals include the 1-percent annual chance flood flow (100-year peak flow) used to define flood plain areas and the monthly 7-day, 10-year low flow (M7D10Y) used in water supply management and studies of recreation, wildlife conservation, and wastewater dilution. Additionally, watershed or basin characteristics, including drainage area, percent area forested, and average percent of impervious areas, are commonly used in land-use planning and environmental assessments. These characteristics are easily derived through StreamStats.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20173057","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection","usgsCitation":"Watson, K.M., and Janowicz, J.A., 2017, New Jersey StreamStats: A web application for streamflow statistics and basin characteristics: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2017–3057, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20173057.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-081939","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344537,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2017/3057/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":344538,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2017/3057/fs20173057.pdf","text":"Report","size":"479 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 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Jersey\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","contact":"Director, New Jersey Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3450 Princeton Pike, Suite 110
Lawrenceville, NJ 08648
A variety of watershed properties available in 2015 from geographic information systems were tested in regression equations to estimate two commonly used statistical indices of the low flow of streams, namely the lowest flows averaged over 7 consecutive days that have a 1 in 10 and a 1 in 2 chance of not being exceeded in any given year (7-day, 10-year and 7-day, 2-year low flows). The equations were based on streamflow measurements in 51 watersheds in the Lower Hudson River Basin of New York during the years 1958–1978, when the number of streamflow measurement sites on unregulated streams was substantially greater than in subsequent years. These low-flow indices are chiefly a function of the area of surficial sand and gravel in the watershed; more precisely, 7-day, 10-year and 7-day, 2-year low flows both increase in proportion to the area of sand and gravel deposited by glacial meltwater, whereas 7-day, 2-year low flows also increase in proportion to the area of postglacial alluvium. Both low-flow statistics are also functions of mean annual runoff (a measure of net water input to the watershed from precipitation) and area of swamps and poorly drained soils in or adjacent to surficial sand and gravel (where groundwater recharge is unlikely and riparian water loss to evapotranspiration is substantial). Small but significant refinements in estimation accuracy resulted from the inclusion of two indices of stream geometry, channel slope and length, in the regression equations. Most of the regression analysis was undertaken with the ordinary least squares method, but four equations were replicated by using weighted least squares to provide a more realistic appraisal of the precision of low-flow estimates. The most accurate estimation equations tested in this study explain nearly 84 and 87 percent of the variation in 7-day, 10-year and 7-day, 2-year low flows, respectively, with standard errors of 0.032 and 0.050 cubic feet per second per square mile. The equations use natural values of streamflow and watershed properties; logarithmic transformations yielded less accurate equations inconsistent with some conceptualized relationships.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20175019","usgsCitation":"Randall, A.D., and Freehafer, D.A., 2017, Estimation of low-flow statistics at ungaged sites on streams in the Lower Hudson River Basin, New York, from data in geographic information systems: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2017–5019, 42 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175019.","productDescription":"v, 42 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-073104","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344430,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5019/sir20175019.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.89 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2017-5019"},{"id":344429,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5019/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Lower Hudson River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.6,\n 41\n ],\n [\n -73.2,\n 41\n ],\n [\n -73.2,\n 42.9\n ],\n [\n -74.6,\n 42.9\n ],\n [\n -74.6,\n 41\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, New York Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
425 Jordan Road
Troy, NY 12180
On March 22, 2014, the State Route 530 Landslide near Oso, Washington mobilized 8 million cubic meters of unconsolidated Pleistocene material, creating a valley‑spanning deposit that fully impounded the North Fork Stillaguamish River. The river overtopped the 8-meter high debris impoundment within 25 hours and began steadily incising a new channel through the center of the deposit. Repeat topographic surveys, sediment transport measurements, bedload transport models, and observations of downstream channel change were used to document the establishment of that new channel through the landslide and assess the potential for downstream aggradation or channel change that might increase downstream flood hazards.
Efficient erosion of the landslide deposit, associated with the steep knickzone formed by the downstream edge of the deposit, resulted in the re-establishment of a 20–40 meters wide, deeply inset channel through the entire deposit by May 2014, 2 months after the landslide. The mean water-surface elevation of the channel through the landslide decreased 7 meters during that 2-month period, and was about 1 meter above the pre-landslide profile in July 2014. The 2014–15 flood season, which included flows near the 0.5 annual exceedance probability discharge (2-year flood), widened the channel tens of meters, and further lowered the water-surface profile 0.5 meter. The planform position evolved slowly as a result of 5–20-meter high banks predominantly composed of clay-rich, cohesive lacustrine material. Erosion of the landslide deposit delivered a total of 820 thousand metric tons of sediment to the North Fork Stillaguamish River over the 18 months following the landslide. The sediment delivery from the deposit was predominantly fine grained: 77 percent (by mass) of the eroded material was silt or clay (less than 0.063 millimeter [mm]), 19 percent sand (0.063–2 mm), and 4 percent pebbles and cobbles (greater than 2 mm).
Over the 18 months following the landslide, the bedload at a site 5 kilometers downstream of the landslide was estimated to be 310±65 thousand metric tons, and the suspended load at that same site was estimated to be 990±110 thousand metric tons. These loads represent the combined input from the landslide and ambient upstream sources; over the study interval, landslide sediment made up about 20–40 percent of the bedload, and 65–85 percent of the suspended-sediment load at this site. At a site 70 kilometers downstream of the landslide, near the mouth of the main‑stem Stillaguamish River, suspended sediment loads were estimated to be about 1,440 thousand metric tons, of which about 600 thousand metric tons, or 30 percent, likely was derived from the landslide. The mass of landslide sediment in suspension at the mouth of the river, and the timing of arrival of that sediment, indicates that about 70 percent of the landslide sediment eroded during the study period was quickly transported through the entire basin, exiting into Puget Sound within weeks of initial entrainment.
Empirical bedload transport equations, in conjunction with surficial grain-size data and output from a one‑dimensional hydraulic model, were used to estimate spatial trends in bedload transport capacity, highlighting areas where reach-scale conditions would be most likely to promote deposition of coarse landslide sediment. Transport capacities decreased sharply over a reach about 5 kilometers downstream of the landslide and remained relatively low over the next 10 kilometers downstream. However, the magnitude of calculated transport capacities are large relative to the coarse sediment input from the landslide, suggesting that substantial deposition of landslide sediment was not likely to occur. These assessments were corroborated by observations of channel change, which indicated that the downstream channel response to the landslide was modest and short-lived. The most pronounced downstream effects included a wedge of aggradation just downstream of the landslide, about 1 meter high and extending a kilometer downstream, and a 0.3-meter pulse of aggradation observed 5 kilometers downstream of the landslide. In both locations, peak aggradation and channel response occurred within about a month of the landslide, and both sites had largely recovered to pre-landslide conditions by July 2014. No substantial channel change clearly linked to the landslide was observed after July 2014 except for a modest fining of surficial gravel size distributions and continued recovery and incision of the reach just downstream of the landslide.
The muted downstream response of the North Fork Stillaguamish River to the State Route 530 Landslide primarily can be attributed to the cohesive, silt- and clay-rich material that bounded most of the new channel. Although the river efficiently incised a new channel through the deposit, subsequent rates of lateral erosion were slowed by the tall, cohesive banks, limiting the total volume of sediment delivery. Once entrained, however, most landslide material was rapidly transported downstream in suspension with little geomorphic effect. Landslide material coarse enough to travel as bedload was predominantly sand and fine gravel, and sediment transport models and observations of downstream change indicated that the rate of coarse sediment delivery from the landslide did not exceed the rivers ability to transport that material. The generally muted downstream response to sediment delivery from the State Route 530 Landslide, as well as the mechanics of that delivery and response, were generally consistent with observations made following the intentional removal of constructed dams.
The rate and efficiency of erosion from the landslide decreased over the period of analysis, as the new channel approached a quasi-equilibrium form. In the absence of additional hillslope activity, rates of erosion from the landslide are likely to be small compared to those over the first 18 months after the landslide. The modest channel response to the highest rates of sediment delivery, and rapid recovery thereafter, indicate that the river should be able to convey the continued supply of landslide-derived sediment effectively with little effect on the downstream morphology and flood risks.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20175055","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Federal Emergency Management Administration and Snohomish County, Washington","usgsCitation":"Anderson, S.W., Keith, M.K., Magirl, C.S., Wallick, J.R., Mastin, M.C., and Foreman, J.R., 2017, Geomorphic response of the North Fork Stillaguamish River to the State Route 530 landslide near Oso, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2017–5055, 85 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175055.","productDescription":"Report: ix, 85 p.; 2 Data Releases","numberOfPages":"85","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-070334","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344575,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7VH5M2S","text":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Surficial sediment data on the North Fork Stillaguamish River and State Route 530 Landslide near Oso, Washington"},{"id":344574,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7T72FPK","text":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Digital elevation models of the State Route 530 Landslide near Oso, Washington, July 2014 to July 2015"},{"id":344572,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5055/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":344573,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5055/sir20175055.pdf","text":"Report","size":"12 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2017-5055"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","city":"Oso","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.4,\n 47.95\n ],\n [\n -121.35,\n 47.95\n ],\n [\n -121.35,\n 48.5\n ],\n [\n -122.4,\n 48.5\n ],\n [\n -122.4,\n 47.95\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director,
Washington Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
934 Broadway, Suite 300
Tacoma, Washington 98402
The efficacy and residual toxicity of a sodium hydroxide (NaOH) based ballast water treatment system (BWTS) were tested aboard the Great Lakes carrier M/V American Spiritin 1000 L mesocosms containing water from the ship's ballast tanks. NaOH was added to elevate the pH to 11.5 or 11.7 for 48 h, after which pH was reduced to < 9 before discharge by sparging with carbon dioxide to form sodium bicarbonate. In 4 trials, pH 11.7 NaOH BW was highly effective in reducing the densities of organisms relative to uptake water and met the ballast water discharge standards of the US Coast Guard (USCG), the US Environmental Protection Agency vessel general permit (USEPA VGP) and the International Maritime Organization (IMO) G8 for the classes of regulated organisms: ≥ 50 μm, ≥ 10 μm to < 50 μm and indicator bacteria < 10 μm. In addition, densities of heterotrophic bacteria were reduced > 96% in pH 11.7 treated discharge water relative to uptake densities. Seven day whole effluent toxicity tests indicated pH 11.7 NaOH BW met the USEPA VGP daily maximum criteria for residual toxicity. Organism densities in uptake water did not meet the minimum densities for IMO G8 shipboard test validity in 2 of 4 trials for organisms ≥ 10 μm to < 50 μm or in any trials for the < 10 μm size class. The high efficacy and low residual toxicity observed indicates that a NaOH BWTS has great potential for successfully treating large volumes of ballast water released into freshwater systems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2017.04.004","usgsCitation":"Elskus, A., Mitchelmore, C.L., Wright, D., Henquinet, J.W., Welschmeyer, N., Flynn, C., and Watten, B.J., 2017, Efficacy and residual toxicity of a sodium hydroxide based ballast water treatment system for freshwater bulk freighters: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 43, no. 4, p. 744-754, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2017.04.004.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"744","endPage":"754","ipdsId":"IP-080283","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":461439,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2017.04.004","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":356208,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b6fc608e4b0f5d57878eb59","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Elskus, Adria 0000-0003-1192-5124 aelskus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1192-5124","contributorId":130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elskus","given":"Adria","email":"aelskus@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mitchelmore, Carys L.","contributorId":192158,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mitchelmore","given":"Carys","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wright, David","contributorId":106758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Henquinet, Jeffrey W.","contributorId":171741,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Henquinet","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Welschmeyer, Nicholas","contributorId":192161,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Welschmeyer","given":"Nicholas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Flynn, Colin","contributorId":192162,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Flynn","given":"Colin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Watten, Barnaby J. 0000-0002-2227-8623 bwatten@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2227-8623","contributorId":2002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watten","given":"Barnaby","email":"bwatten@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70198424,"text":"70198424 - 2017 - Identifying ecologically relevant scales of habitat selection: diel habitat selection in elk","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-03T14:37:55","indexId":"70198424","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-01T14:37:49","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Identifying ecologically relevant scales of habitat selection: diel habitat selection in elk","docAbstract":"Although organisms make resource selection decisions at multiple spatiotemporal scales, not all scales are ecologically relevant to any given organism. Ecological patterns and rhythms such as behavioral and climatic patterns may provide a consistent method for identifying ecologically relevant scales of habitat selection. Using elk (Cervus canadensis) as an example species, we sought to test the ability of behavioral patterns to empirically partition diel scales for modeling habitat selection. We used model selection to partition diel scales by shifts in dominant behavior and then used resource selection probability functions to model elk habitat selection hierarchically at diel scales within seasons. Model selection distinguished four diel temporal partitions following elk crepuscular behavioral patterns: dawn, midday, dusk, and night. Across seasons, model‐averaged coefficients indicated that elk shifted from selecting grassland cover at dawn/dusk, to selecting for greater canopy and forest cover at midday, and then to areas with greater herbaceous biomass at night. Top models changed between diel intervals in spring and fall but stayed the same across diel intervals in winter and summer. In winter, elk selected for southern aspects during midday, for unburned areas at dawn/dusk, and for areas burned within 1–3 yr at dawn/dusk and night. In spring, elk selected for northern aspects and for areas burned within 1–3 yr at midday, for areas farther from roads at dawn/dusk and midday, and for areas farther from water at midday. In summer, elk changed diel preferences for fewer covariates: At dawn/dusk and midday, elk selected for areas farther from water and avoided forest cover, and at night, elk selected for areas burned within 1–3 yr. In fall, elk selected for areas burned the previous year at dawn/dusk and night, for higher elevations at midday, and for areas closer water at night. Using behavioral patterns to identify ecologically relevant scales can help identify overlooked habitat requirements such as diel changes in preference for fire history, forage availability, and cover. We show that the ecological relevancy of a given scale (e.g., a diel temporal scale) can change throughout a given extent (e.g., across seasons).
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2013","usgsCitation":"Roberts, C.P., Cain, J.W., and Cox, R.D., 2017, Identifying ecologically relevant scales of habitat selection: diel habitat selection in elk: Ecosphere, v. 8, no. 11, p. 1-16, https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.2013.","productDescription":"e02013; 16 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"16","ipdsId":"IP-085764","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469630,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.2013","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":356155,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Jemez Mountain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.97662353515624,\n 35.50092819950358\n ],\n [\n -106.13754272460938,\n 35.50092819950358\n ],\n [\n -106.13754272460938,\n 36.05798104702501\n ],\n [\n -106.97662353515624,\n 36.05798104702501\n ],\n [\n -106.97662353515624,\n 35.50092819950358\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"8","issue":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-11-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b6fc609e4b0f5d57878eb5b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roberts, Caleb P. 0000-0002-8716-0423","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8716-0423","contributorId":197604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roberts","given":"Caleb","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cain, James W. III 0000-0003-4743-516X jwcain@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4743-516X","contributorId":4063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cain","given":"James","suffix":"III","email":"jwcain@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":741379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cox, Robert D.","contributorId":26240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cox","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70192595,"text":"70192595 - 2017 - Characterizing meteorological and hydrologic conditions associated with shallow landslide initiation in the coastal bluffs of the Atlantic Highlands, New Jersey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-21T11:24:14","indexId":"70192595","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Characterizing meteorological and hydrologic conditions associated with shallow landslide initiation in the coastal bluffs of the Atlantic Highlands, New Jersey","docAbstract":"Meteorological and hydrologic conditions associated with shallow landslide initiation in the coastal bluffs of the Atlantic Highlands, New Jersey remain undocumented despite a history of damaging slope movement extending back to at least 1903. This study applies an empirical approach to quantify the rainfall conditions leading to shallow landsliding based on analysis of overlapping historical precipitation data and records of landslide occurrence, and uses continuous monitoring to quantify antecedent soil moisture and hydrologic response to rainfall events at two failure-prone hillslopes. Analysis of historical rainfall data reveals that both extended duration and cumulative rainfall amounts are critical characteristics of many landslide-inducing storms, and is consistent with current monitoring results that show notable increases in shallow soil moisture and pore-water pressure in continuous rainfall periods. Monitoring results show that shallow groundwater levels and soil moisture increase from annual lows in late summer-early fall to annual highs in late winter-early spring, and historical data indicate that shallow landslides occur most commonly from tropical cyclones in late summer through fall and nor’easters in spring. Based on this seasonality, we derived two provisional rainfall thresholds using a limited dataset of documented landslides and rainfall conditions for each season and storm type. A lower threshold for landslide initiation in spring corresponds with high antecedent moisture conditions, and higher rainfall amounts are required to induce shallow landslides during the drier soil moisture conditions in late summer-early fall.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":" Landslides: Putting Experience, Knowledge and Emerging Technologies into Practice:Special Publication 27","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"3rd North American Symposium on Landslides","conferenceDate":"June 4–8, 2017","conferenceLocation":"Roanoke, VA","language":"English","publisher":"Association of Environmental & Engineering Geologists (AEG)","isbn":"978-0-9897253-7-8","usgsCitation":"Ashland, F., Fiore, A.R., and Reilly, P.A., 2017, Characterizing meteorological and hydrologic conditions associated with shallow landslide initiation in the coastal bluffs of the Atlantic Highlands, New Jersey, in Landslides: Putting Experience, Knowledge and Emerging Technologies into Practice:Special Publication 27, Roanoke, VA, June 4–8, 2017, p. 461-472.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"461","endPage":"472","ipdsId":"IP-081612","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349185,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","otherGeospatial":"Atlantic Highlands","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.0643310546875,\n 40.349683979095545\n ],\n [\n -73.95584106445312,\n 40.349683979095545\n ],\n [\n -73.95584106445312,\n 40.42499671108253\n ],\n [\n -74.0643310546875,\n 40.42499671108253\n ],\n [\n -74.0643310546875,\n 40.349683979095545\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60fb74e4b06e28e9c230cb","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"De Graff, Jerome V.","contributorId":195393,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"De Graff","given":"Jerome","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722952,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shakoor, Abdul","contributorId":200638,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shakoor","given":"Abdul","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722953,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Ashland, Francis 0000-0001-9948-0195 fashland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9948-0195","contributorId":198587,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ashland","given":"Francis","email":"fashland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":716486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fiore, Alex R. 0000-0002-0986-5225 afiore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0986-5225","contributorId":4977,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fiore","given":"Alex","email":"afiore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":716487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reilly, Pamela A. 0000-0002-2937-4490 jankowsk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2937-4490","contributorId":653,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reilly","given":"Pamela","email":"jankowsk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":716488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70188671,"text":"sir20175068 - 2017 - Geochemical characterization of groundwater discharging from springs north of the Grand Canyon, Arizona, 2009–2016","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-20T08:40:28","indexId":"sir20175068","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2017-5068","title":"Geochemical characterization of groundwater discharging from springs north of the Grand Canyon, Arizona, 2009–2016","docAbstract":"A geochemical study was conducted on 37 springs discharging from the Toroweap Formation, Coconino Sandstone, Hermit Formation, Supai Group, and Redwall Limestone north of the Grand Canyon near areas of breccia-pipe uranium mining. Baseline concentrations were established for the elements As, B, Li, Se, SiO2, Sr, Tl, U, and V. Three springs exceeded U.S. Environmental Protection Agency drinking water standards: Fence Spring for arsenic, Pigeon Spring for selenium and uranium, and Willow (Hack) Spring for selenium. The majority of the spring sites had uranium values of less than 10 micrograms per liter (μg/L), but six springs discharging from all of the geologic units studied that are located stratigraphically above the Redwall Limestone had uranium values greater than 10 μg/L (Cottonwood [Tuckup], Grama, Pigeon, Rock, and Willow [Hack and Snake Gulch] Springs). The geochemical characteristics of these six springs with elevated uranium include Ca-Mg-SO4 water type, circumneutral pH, high specific conductance, correlation and multivariate associations between U, Mo, Sr, Se, Li, and Zn, low 87Sr/86Sr, low 234U/238U activity ratios (1.34–2.31), detectable tritium, and carbon isotopic interpretation indicating they may be a mixture of modern and pre-modern waters. Similar geochemical compositions of spring waters having elevated uranium concentrations are observed at sites located both near and away from sites of uranium-mining activities in the present study. Therefore, mining does not appear to explain the presence of elevated uranium concentrations in groundwater at the six springs noted above. The elevated uranium at the six previously mentioned springs may be influenced by iron mineralization associated with mineralized breccia pipe deposits. Six springs discharging from the Coconino Sandstone (Upper Jumpup, Little, Horse, and Slide Springs) and Redwall Limestone (Kanab and Side Canyon Springs) contained water with corrected radiocarbon ages as much as 9,300 years old. Of the springs discharging water with radiocarbon age, Kanab and Side Canyon Springs contain tritium of more than 1.3 picocuries per liter (pCi/L), indicating they may contain a component of modern water recharged after 1952. Springs containing high values of tritium (greater than 5.1 pCi/L), which may suggest a significant component of modern water, include Willow (Hack), Saddle Horse, Cottonwood (Tuckup), Hotel, Bitter, Unknown, Hole in the Wall, and Hanging Springs. Fence and Rider Springs, located on the eastern end of the study area near the Colorado River, have distinctly different geochemical compositions compared to the other springs of the study. Additionally, water from Fence Spring has the highest 87Sr/86Sr for samples analyzed from this study with a value greater than those known in sedimentary rocks from the region. Strontium isotope data likely indicate that water discharging at Fence Spring has interacted with Precambrian basement rocks. Rider Spring had the most depleted values of stable O and H isotopes indicating that recharge, if recent, occurred at higher elevations or was recharged during earlier, cooler-climate conditions.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20175068","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management","usgsCitation":"Beisner, K.R., Tillman, F.D., Anderson, J.R., Antweiler, R.C., and Bills, D.J., 2017, Geochemical characterization of groundwater discharging from springs north of the Grand Canyon, Arizona, 2009–2016: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2017–5068, 58 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175068.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 58 p.; 6 Appendixes","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-084230","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344518,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5068/sir20175068_appendixes.xlsx","text":"Appendixes 1–6","size":"85 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"SIR 2017–5068"},{"id":344517,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5068/sir20175068_.pdf","text":"Report","size":"8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2017–5068"},{"id":344516,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5068/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Grand Canyon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.4,\n 35.6\n ],\n [\n -111.6,\n 35.6\n ],\n [\n -111.6,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -113.4,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -113.4,\n 35.6\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Arizona Water Science Center
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520 N. Park Avenue
Tucson, AZ 85719
(520) 670-6671
This report presents the results of a cooperative study by the U.S. Geological Survey and Missouri Department of Natural Resources to estimate total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) concentrations at monitoring sites within and near the Lower Grand River hydrological unit. The primary objectives of the study were to quantify temporal changes in TN and TP concentrations and compare those concentrations to conservation practices and agricultural activities. Despite increases in funding during 2011–15 for conservation practices in the Lower Grand River from the Mississippi River Basin Healthy Watersheds Initiative, decreases in flow-normalized TN and TP concentrations during this time at the long-term Grand River site were less than at other long-term sites, which did not receive funding from the Mississippi River Basin Healthy Watersheds Initiative. The relative differences in the magnitude of flow-normalized TN and TP concentrations among long-term sites are directly related to the amount of agricultural land use within the watershed. Significant relations were determined between nitrogen from cattle manure and flow-normalized TN concentrations at selected long-term sites, indicating livestock manure may be a substantial source of nitrogen within the selected long-term site watersheds. Relations between flow-normalized TN and TP concentrations with Conservation Reserve Program acres and with nitrogen and phosphorus from commercial fertilizer indicate that changes in these factors alone did not have a substantial effect on stream TN and TP concentrations; other landscape activities, runoff, within-bank nutrients that are suspended during higher streamflows, or a combination of these have had a greater effect on stream TN and TP concentrations; or there is a lag time that is obscuring relations. Temporal changes in flow-adjusted TN and TP concentrations were not substantial at Lower Grand River Mississippi River Basin Healthy Watersheds Initiative sites, indicating factors besides stream variability did not have substantial effects on TN and TP concentrations. Flow-weighted TN and TP concentrations at Lower Grand River Mississippi River Basin Healthy Watershed Initiative sites increase with increasing streamflow, which indicates runoff, within-bank nutrients that are suspended during higher streamflows, or both, have more effect on stream TN and TP concentrations than consistent point sources or groundwater sources. Timing of TN and TP concentration increases compared to streamflow increases indicate that nitrogen and phosphorus loads are more strongly related to streamflow than to a particular period of the year, indicating that runoff, within-bank nutrients that are suspended during higher streamflows, or both are a substantial source of nutrients regardless of timing.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20175067","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Missouri Department of Natural Resources","usgsCitation":"Krempa, H.M., and Flickinger, A.K., 2017, Temporal changes in nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations with comparisons to conservation practices and agricultural activities in the Lower Grand River, Missouri and Iowa, and selected watersheds, 1969–2015: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2017–5067, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175067.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 28 p.; Appendix: 1–8","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-082213","costCenters":[{"id":396,"text":"Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344501,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5067/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":344502,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5067/sir20175067.pdf","text":"Report","size":"10.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2017–5067"},{"id":344503,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5067/sir20175067_appendixes.xlsx","text":"Appendix 1–8","size":"725 kB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"SIR 2017–5067 Appendixes","linkHelpText":"Supplemental Data for Selected Sites in Missouri and Iowa"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa, Missouri","otherGeospatial":"Chariton River, Lower Grand River, Nodaway River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -95.2,\n 39.2\n ],\n [\n -92.5,\n 39.2\n ],\n [\n -92.5,\n 41.5\n ],\n [\n -95.2,\n 41.5\n ],\n [\n -95.2,\n 39.2\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Missouri Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1400 Independence Road
Rolla, MO 65401
The Mississippi Alluvial Valley includes hundreds of floodplain lakes that support unique fish assemblages and high biodiversity. Irrigation practices in the valley have lowered the water table, increasing the cost of pumping water, and necessitating the use of floodplain lakes as a source of water for irrigation. This development has prompted the need to regulate water withdrawals to protect aquatic resources, but it is unknown how much water can be withdrawn from lakes before ecological integrity is compromised. To estimate withdrawal limits, we examined descriptors of lake water quality (i.e., total nitrogen, total phosphorus, turbidity, Secchi visibility, chlorophyll-a) and fish assemblages (species richness, diversity, composition) relative to maximum depth in 59 floodplain lakes. Change-point regression analysis was applied to identify critical depths at which the relationships between depth and lake descriptors exhibited a rapid shift in slope, suggesting possible thresholds. All our water quality and fish assemblage descriptors showed rapid changes relative to depth near 1.2–2.0 m maximum depth. This threshold span may help inform regulatory decisions about water withdrawal limits. Alternatives to explain the triggers of the observed threshold span are considered.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.agee.2017.06.022","usgsCitation":"Miranda, L.E., Omer, A., and Killgore, K., 2017, Balancing lake ecological condition and agriculture irrigation needs in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley: Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, v. 246, p. 354-360, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2017.06.022.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"354","endPage":"360","ipdsId":"IP-085518","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348503,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas, Mississippi","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.4339599609375,\n 34.962497232449145\n ],\n [\n -90.758056640625,\n 34.97600151317588\n ],\n [\n -91.109619140625,\n 34.88593094075317\n ],\n [\n -91.47216796875,\n 34.6241677899049\n ],\n [\n -91.77429199218749,\n 34.32529192442733\n ],\n [\n -91.878662109375,\n 34.00258128543371\n ],\n [\n -92.0379638671875,\n 33.5963189611327\n ],\n [\n -92.07092285156249,\n 33.38099943104024\n ],\n [\n -92.0050048828125,\n 33.04090311724091\n ],\n [\n -91.0986328125,\n 33.03629817885956\n ],\n [\n -90.9832763671875,\n 32.48196313217176\n ],\n [\n -90.5438232421875,\n 32.67174887226337\n ],\n [\n -90.4339599609375,\n 33.123750829710225\n ],\n [\n -90.296630859375,\n 33.62376800118811\n ],\n [\n -90.1153564453125,\n 34.19817309627726\n ],\n [\n -90.04394531249999,\n 34.59704151614417\n ],\n [\n -90,\n 34.84085858477277\n ],\n [\n -90.164794921875,\n 34.92197103616377\n ],\n [\n -90.4339599609375,\n 34.962497232449145\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"246","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a0425b4e4b0dc0b45b4532f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miranda, Leandro E. 0000-0002-2138-7924 smiranda@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2138-7924","contributorId":531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miranda","given":"Leandro","email":"smiranda@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":720610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Omer, A.R.","contributorId":200190,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Omer","given":"A.R.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":35483,"text":"Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Aquaculture, Mississippi State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":721372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Killgore, K.J.","contributorId":200191,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Killgore","given":"K.J.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":33009,"text":"Engineer Research and Development Center, U. S. Army Corps of Engineers, Vicksburg, Mississippi","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":721373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70193554,"text":"70193554 - 2017 - Rapid response for invasive waterweeds at the arctic invasion front: Assessment of collateral impacts from herbicide treatments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-14T12:54:05","indexId":"70193554","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rapid response for invasive waterweeds at the arctic invasion front: Assessment of collateral impacts from herbicide treatments","docAbstract":"The remoteness of subarctic and arctic ecosystems no longer protects against invasive species introductions. Rather, the mix of urban hubs surrounded by undeveloped expanses creates a ratchet process whereby anthropogenic activity is sufficient to introduce and spread invaders, but for which the costs of monitoring and managing remote ecosystems is prohibitive. Elodea spp. is the first aquatic invasive plant to become established in Alaska and has potential for widespread deleterious ecological and economic impacts. A rapid eradication response with herbicides has been identified as a priority invasion control strategy. We conducted a multi-lake monitoring effort to assess collateral impacts from herbicide treatment for Elodea in high latitude systems. Variability in data was driven by seasonal dynamics and natural lake-to-lake differences typical of high latitude waterbodies, indicating lack of evidence for systematic impacts to water quality or plankton communities associated with herbicide treatment of Elodea. Impacts on native macrophytes were benign with the exception of some evidence for earlier onset of leaf senescence for lily pads(Nuphar spp.) in treated lakes. We observed a substantial increase in detected native flora richness after Elodea was eradicated from the most heavily infested lake, indicating potential for retention of native macrophyte communities if infestations are addressed quickly. While avoiding introductions through prevention may be the most desirable outcome, these applications indicated low risks of non-target impacts associated with herbicide treatment as a rapid response option for Elodea in high latitude systems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2017.06.015","usgsCitation":"Sethi, S., Carey, M.P., Morton, J.M., Guerron-Orejuela, E., Decino, R., Willette, M., Boersma, J., Jablonski, J., and Anderson, C., 2017, Rapid response for invasive waterweeds at the arctic invasion front: Assessment of collateral impacts from herbicide treatments: Biological Conservation, v. 212, no. A, p. 300-309, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2017.06.015.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"300","endPage":"309","ipdsId":"IP-084920","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348797,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Kenai Peninsula","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -151.42318725585938,\n 60.62067103680683\n ],\n [\n -151.08123779296875,\n 60.62067103680683\n ],\n [\n -151.08123779296875,\n 60.792683349421544\n ],\n [\n -151.42318725585938,\n 60.792683349421544\n ],\n [\n -151.42318725585938,\n 60.62067103680683\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"212","issue":"A","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60fb74e4b06e28e9c230bf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sethi, Suresh 0000-0002-0053-1827 ssethi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0053-1827","contributorId":191424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sethi","given":"Suresh","email":"ssethi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":719349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carey, Michael P. 0000-0002-3327-8995 mcarey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3327-8995","contributorId":5397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carey","given":"Michael","email":"mcarey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":719350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Morton, John M.","contributorId":17097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morton","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Guerron-Orejuela, Edgar","contributorId":200348,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Guerron-Orejuela","given":"Edgar","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Decino, Robert","contributorId":200349,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Decino","given":"Robert","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Willette, Mark","contributorId":200350,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Willette","given":"Mark","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Boersma, James","contributorId":200351,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boersma","given":"James","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Jablonski, Jillian","contributorId":200352,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jablonski","given":"Jillian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Anderson, Cheryl","contributorId":200353,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"Cheryl","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70192167,"text":"70192167 - 2017 - Spatial and temporal variability in benthic invertebrate assemblages in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-06T13:29:06","indexId":"70192167","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2900,"text":"Northwest Science","onlineIssn":"2161-9859","printIssn":"0029-344X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial and temporal variability in benthic invertebrate assemblages in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon","docAbstract":"Upper Klamath Lake (UKL) in southern Oregon has experienced declines in water quality due to excessive nutrient loading. This has led to annual cyanobacterial blooms, primarily of Aphanizomenon flos-aquae (AFA). Benthic invertebrates are important food resources for benthic feeding fishes; however, they can increase autochthonous nutrient cycling in lakes and as a result might be contributing to poor water quality in UKL. This study determined the density and taxonomic richness of benthic invertebrate assemblages in three geographic regions (north, central, and south) and three habitats (littoral, open-water and trench) across UKL. Sediment composition and water quality were also characterized at each of the 21 benthic invertebrate collection sites. Three sampling trips were made from May–July 2013. Mean lake-wide invertebrate density was 12 617 ± 7506 individuals m-2 (n = 63, based on 189 Ekman grabs) with oligochaetes, chironomids, and leeches representing 97% of all individuals. Mean invertebrate richness per sample was 16 ± 4 (n = 63). Two and three-way repeated measures ANOVAs identified differences in invertebrate densities and richness among regions, habitats, and sampling periods. There were no differences in total density among sampling periods. Total density was higher in littoral compared to open-water habitats, and in the northern region, proximal to all riverine inputs to the lake, compared to the central or southern regions. Although variances were heterogeneous, the number of taxa appeared to differ between habitats and regions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Northwest Scientific Association","doi":"10.3955/046.091.0306","usgsCitation":"Stauffer-Olsen, N.J., Carter, J.L., and Fend, S.V., 2017, Spatial and temporal variability in benthic invertebrate assemblages in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon: Northwest Science, v. 91, no. 3, p. 257-271, https://doi.org/10.3955/046.091.0306.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"257","endPage":"271","ipdsId":"IP-079605","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348278,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Upper Klamath Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.10411071777344,\n 42.233093155022765\n ],\n [\n -121.77383422851562,\n 42.233093155022765\n ],\n [\n -121.77383422851562,\n 42.502984199407415\n ],\n [\n -122.10411071777344,\n 42.502984199407415\n ],\n [\n -122.10411071777344,\n 42.233093155022765\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"91","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a07e8a2e4b09af898c8cb96","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stauffer-Olsen, Natalie J.","contributorId":197890,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stauffer-Olsen","given":"Natalie","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carter, James L. 0000-0002-0104-9776 jlcarter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0104-9776","contributorId":3278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"James","email":"jlcarter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":714520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fend, Steven V. 0000-0002-4638-6602 svfend@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4638-6602","contributorId":3591,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fend","given":"Steven","email":"svfend@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":714522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70193245,"text":"70193245 - 2017 - A multi-species synthesis of physiological mechanisms in drought-induced tree mortality","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-23T09:27:51","indexId":"70193245","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5263,"text":"Nature Ecology & Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A multi-species synthesis of physiological mechanisms in drought-induced tree mortality","docAbstract":"Widespread tree mortality associated with drought has been observed on all forested continents and global change is expected to exacerbate vegetation vulnerability. Forest mortality has implications for future biosphere–atmosphere interactions of carbon, water and energy balance, and is poorly represented in dynamic vegetation models. Reducing uncertainty requires improved mortality projections founded on robust physiological processes. However, the proposed mechanisms of drought-induced mortality, including hydraulic failure and carbon starvation, are unresolved. A growing number of empirical studies have investigated these mechanisms, but data have not been consistently analysed across species and biomes using a standardized physiological framework. Here, we show that xylem hydraulic failure was ubiquitous across multiple tree taxa at drought-induced mortality. All species assessed had 60% or higher loss of xylem hydraulic conductivity, consistent with proposed theoretical and modelled survival thresholds. We found diverse responses in non-structural carbohydrate reserves at mortality, indicating that evidence supporting carbon starvation was not universal. Reduced non-structural carbohydrates were more common for gymnosperms than angiosperms, associated with xylem hydraulic vulnerability, and may have a role in reducing hydraulic function. Our finding that hydraulic failure at drought-induced mortality was persistent across species indicates that substantial improvement in vegetation modelling can be achieved using thresholds in hydraulic function.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/s41559-017-0248-x","usgsCitation":"Adams, H., Zeppel, M., Anderegg, W.R., Hartmann, H., Landhausser, S.M., Tissue, D.T., Huxman, T.E., Hudson, P.J., Franz, T.E., Allen, C.D., Anderegg, L., Barron-Gafford, G.A., Beerling, D., Breshears, D.D., Brodribb, T.J., Bugmann, H., Cobb, R.C., Collins, A.D., Dickman, L.T., Duan, H., Ewers, B.E., Galiano, L., Galvez, D.A., Garcia-Forner, N., Gaylord, M.L., Germino, M.J., Gessler, A., Hacke, U.G., Hakamada, R., Hector, A., Jenkins, M., Kane, J.M., Kolb, T.E., Law, D., Lewis, J.D., Limousin, J., Love, D., Macalady, A.K., Martínez-Vilalta, J., Mencuccini, M., Mitchell, P.J., Muss, J.D., O’Brien, M.J., O’Grady, A.P., Pangle, R.E., Pinkard, E.A., Piper, F.I., Plaut, J., Pockman, W.T., Quirk, J., Reinhardt, K., Ripullone, F., Ryan, M., Sala, A., Sevanto, S., Sperry, J.S., Vargas, R., Vennetier, M., Way, D.A., Wu, C., Yepez, E.A., and McDowell, N.G., 2017, A multi-species synthesis of physiological mechanisms in drought-induced tree mortality: Nature Ecology & Evolution, v. 1, p. 1285-1291, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-017-0248-x.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1285","endPage":"1291","ipdsId":"IP-072990","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469637,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-017-0248-x","text":"External Repository"},{"id":348043,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-08-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59fadd21e4b0531197b13c84","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Adams, Henry D.","contributorId":105619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Henry D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zeppel, Melanie","contributorId":147096,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zeppel","given":"Melanie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16788,"text":"Macquarie University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":719022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anderegg, William R.L.","contributorId":147089,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderegg","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"R.L.","affiliations":[{"id":16784,"text":"Princeton U.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":719023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hartmann, Henrik","contributorId":181974,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hartmann","given":"Henrik","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Landhausser, Simon M.","contributorId":199409,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Landhausser","given":"Simon","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Tissue, David T.","contributorId":199410,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tissue","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Huxman, Travis E.","contributorId":53898,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huxman","given":"Travis","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hudson, Patrick J.","contributorId":199411,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hudson","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Franz, Trenton E.","contributorId":199412,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Franz","given":"Trenton","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Allen, Craig D. 0000-0002-8777-5989 craig_allen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8777-5989","contributorId":2597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"craig_allen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":719155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Anderegg, Leander D. 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Projected increases in demand call for new long-term water storage to help sustain agriculture, municipalities, industry, and ecological services. Managed aquifer recharge (MAR) is becoming an integral component of water resources around the world. However, MAR faces challenges, including infrastructure costs, difficulty in enhancing recharge, water quality issues, and lack of available water supplies. Here we examine, through simulation modeling of a hypothetical agricultural subbasin in the western U.S., the potential of agricultural managed aquifer recharge (Ag-MAR) via canal seepage and off-season field irrigation. Weather phenomenon in many regions around the world exhibit decadal and other multiyear cycles of extreme precipitation. An ongoing challenge is to develop approaches to store greater amounts of water during these events. Simulations presented herein incorporate Ag-MAR programs and demonstrate that there is potential to enhance regional recharge by 7–13%, increase crop consumptive use by 9–12%, and increase natural vegetation consumption by 20–30%, where larger relative increases occur for lower aquifer hydraulic conductivity and higher specific yield values. Annual increases in groundwater levels were 7 m, and sustained levels following several years of drought were greater than 2 m. Results demonstrate that Ag-MAR has great potential to enhance long-term sustainability of water resources in agricultural basins.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1002/2017WR020458","usgsCitation":"Niswonger, R.G., Morway, E.D., Triana, E., and Huntington, J., 2017, Managed aquifer recharge through off-season irrigation in agricultural regions: Water Resources Research, v. 53, no. 8, p. 6970-6992, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017WR020458.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"6970","endPage":"6992","ipdsId":"IP-087681","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469712,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2017wr020458","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":347106,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"53","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-08-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59eeffa5e4b0220bbd988f7e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Niswonger, Richard G. 0000-0001-6397-2403 rniswon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6397-2403","contributorId":197892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Niswonger","given":"Richard","email":"rniswon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":714748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morway, Eric D. 0000-0002-8553-6140 emorway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8553-6140","contributorId":4320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morway","given":"Eric","email":"emorway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":714749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Triana, Enrique","contributorId":169532,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Triana","given":"Enrique","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25556,"text":"MWH Global, Fort Collins, CO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":714750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Huntington, Justin L.","contributorId":31279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huntington","given":"Justin L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70192447,"text":"70192447 - 2017 - Deposition of mercury in forests across a montane elevation gradient: Elevational and seasonal patterns in methylmercury inputs and production","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-26T09:31:18","indexId":"70192447","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2319,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research G: Biogeosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deposition of mercury in forests across a montane elevation gradient: Elevational and seasonal patterns in methylmercury inputs and production","docAbstract":"Global mercury contamination largely results from direct primary atmospheric and secondary legacy emissions, which can be deposited to ecosystems, converted to methylmercury, and bioaccumulated along food chains. We examined organic horizon soil samples collected across an elevational gradient on Whiteface Mountain in the Adirondack region of New York State, USA to determine spatial patterns in methylmercury concentrations across a forested montane landscape. We found that soil methylmercury concentrations were highest in the midelevation coniferous zone (0.39 ± 0.07 ng/g) compared to the higher elevation alpine zone (0.28 ± 0.04 ng/g) and particularly the lower elevation deciduous zone (0.17 ± 0.02 ng/g), while the percent of total mercury as methylmercury in soils decreased with elevation. We also found a seasonal pattern in soil methylmercury concentrations, with peak methylmercury values occurring in July. Given elevational patterns in temperature and bioavailable total mercury (derived from mineralization of soil organic matter), soil methylmercury concentrations appear to be driven by soil processing of ionic Hg, as opposed to atmospheric deposition of methylmercury. These methylmercury results are consistent with spatial patterns of mercury concentrations in songbird species observed from other studies, suggesting that future declines in mercury emissions could be important for reducing exposure of mercury to montane avian species.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU Publications","doi":"10.1002/2016JG003721","usgsCitation":"Gerson, J.R., Driscoll, C.T., Demers, J.D., Sauer, A.K., Blackwell, B.D., Montesdeoca, M., Shanley, J.B., and Ross, D.S., 2017, Deposition of mercury in forests across a montane elevation gradient: Elevational and seasonal patterns in methylmercury inputs and production: Journal of Geophysical Research G: Biogeosciences, v. 122, no. 8, p. 1922-1939, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JG003721.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"1922","endPage":"1939","ipdsId":"IP-084232","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469710,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/138300","text":"External Repository"},{"id":347432,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Whiteface Mountain","volume":"122","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-08-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a07e8a2e4b09af898c8cb94","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gerson, Jacqueline R.","contributorId":198378,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gerson","given":"Jacqueline","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":27331,"text":"Duke University, Durham, NC","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":5082,"text":"Syracuse University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":715884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Driscoll, Charles T.","contributorId":167460,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Driscoll","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":5082,"text":"Syracuse University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":715885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Demers, Jason D.","contributorId":198379,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Demers","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":12879,"text":"Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":715886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sauer, Amy K.","contributorId":198380,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sauer","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":33460,"text":"Biodiversity Research Institute, Portland, ME","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":715887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Blackwell, Bradley D. 0000-0003-1296-4539","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1296-4539","contributorId":198381,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blackwell","given":"Bradley","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":18090,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Ecology Division, Gulf Breeze, FL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":715888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Montesdeoca, Mario R.","contributorId":198382,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Montesdeoca","given":"Mario R.","affiliations":[{"id":5082,"text":"Syracuse University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":715889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Shanley, James B. 0000-0002-4234-3437 jshanley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4234-3437","contributorId":1953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shanley","given":"James","email":"jshanley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":715883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Ross, Donald S.","contributorId":198383,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ross","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":17809,"text":"University of Vermont, Burlington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":715890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70192993,"text":"70192993 - 2017 - Piscivore diet response to a collapse in pelagic prey populations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-12T16:15:41","indexId":"70192993","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1528,"text":"Environmental Biology of Fishes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Piscivore diet response to a collapse in pelagic prey populations","docAbstract":"Pelagic fish populations in the upper San Francisco Estuary have experienced significant declines since the turn of the century; a pattern known as the pelagic organism decline (POD). This study investigated food habits of piscivorous fishes over two consecutive fall seasons following the decline of pelagic fish prey. Specifically, this study addressed the contribution of pelagic versus benthic prey to piscivorous fish diets, including the frequency of predation on special-status pelagic species, and the spatial variability in prey consumption. The piscivore community was dominated by Striped Bass and also included small numbers of Sacramento Pikeminnow and Largemouth Bass. Overall, pelagic prey items contributed less than 10% of the diet by weight in both years, whereas pre-POD studies gleaned from the literature found contributions of 39–100%, suggesting a major switch from pelagic to benthic prey resources. Between-year variation in piscivore diets reflected differences in environmental conditions associated with variation in freshwater outflow. No special status fish species were detected in any of the piscivore stomachs examined. The consequences of this pelagic to benthic diet shift warrants further investigation to understand its ecological relevance.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10641-017-0618-x","usgsCitation":"Zeug, S., Feyrer, F.V., Brodsky, A., and Melgo, J., 2017, Piscivore diet response to a collapse in pelagic prey populations: Environmental Biology of Fishes, v. 100, no. 8, p. 947-958, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-017-0618-x.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"947","endPage":"958","ipdsId":"IP-083460","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348627,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Estuary","volume":"100","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-05-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a096bb1e4b09af898c94145","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zeug, Steven","contributorId":198888,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zeug","given":"Steven","affiliations":[{"id":12475,"text":"Cramer Fish Sciences, Auburn, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":717553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Feyrer, Frederick V. 0000-0003-1253-2349 ffeyrer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1253-2349","contributorId":178379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feyrer","given":"Frederick","email":"ffeyrer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brodsky, Annie","contributorId":198889,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brodsky","given":"Annie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12475,"text":"Cramer Fish Sciences, Auburn, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":717554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Melgo, Jenny","contributorId":198890,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Melgo","given":"Jenny","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":35726,"text":"California Department of Conservation","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":12475,"text":"Cramer Fish Sciences, Auburn, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":717555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70191574,"text":"70191574 - 2017 - Response to comment on “Primary sources and toxicity of PAHs in Milwaukee-area streambed sediments”—The authors' reply","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-17T12:27:43","indexId":"70191574","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Response to comment on “Primary sources and toxicity of PAHs in Milwaukee-area streambed sediments”—The authors' reply","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/etc.3826","usgsCitation":"Baldwin, A.K., Corsi, S., Lutz, M.A., Ingersoll, C.G., Dorman, R.A., Magruder, C., and Magruder, M., 2017, Response to comment on “Primary sources and toxicity of PAHs in Milwaukee-area streambed sediments”—The authors' reply: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 36, no. 8, p. 1981-1983, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.3826.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"1981","endPage":"1983","ipdsId":"IP-086183","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":346691,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59e71691e4b05fe04cd33199","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baldwin, Austin K. 0000-0002-6027-3823 akbaldwi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6027-3823","contributorId":4515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baldwin","given":"Austin","email":"akbaldwi@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":712789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Corsi, Steven R. 0000-0003-0583-5536 srcorsi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0583-5536","contributorId":172002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Corsi","given":"Steven R.","email":"srcorsi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":712790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lutz, Michelle A. malutz@usgs.gov","contributorId":167259,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lutz","given":"Michelle","email":"malutz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":712791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ingersoll, Christopher G. 0000-0003-4531-5949 cingersoll@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4531-5949","contributorId":2071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingersoll","given":"Christopher","email":"cingersoll@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":712792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dorman, Rebecca A. 0000-0002-5748-7046","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5748-7046","contributorId":28522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorman","given":"Rebecca","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":712793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Magruder, Christopher","contributorId":197179,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Magruder","given":"Christopher","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":712794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Magruder, Matthew","contributorId":197180,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Magruder","given":"Matthew","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":712795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70192890,"text":"70192890 - 2017 - Variation and plasticity and their interaction with urbanization in Guadalupe Bass populations on and off the Edwards Plateau","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-26T11:56:26","indexId":"70192890","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5373,"text":"Cooperator Science Series","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"title":"Variation and plasticity and their interaction with urbanization in Guadalupe Bass populations on and off the Edwards Plateau","docAbstract":"The Colorado River Basin in Texas has experienced major alterations to its hydrologic regime due to changing land and water use patterns. These anthropogenic influences on hydrologic variability have had major implications for riparian and aquatic ecosystems and the species dependent upon them. However, impacts are often assessed at a limited temporal and spatial scale, tending to focus on relatively short and discrete periods or portions of a river basin. It is not clear how basin-wide alterations occurring over decades affect species. Guadalupe Bass Micropterus treculii are endemic to central Texas and are typically associated with shallow runs and riffles in small streams. However, Guadalupe Bass are found throughout the Colorado River Basin, including the mainstem portion of the lower river downstream of the city of Austin where they support a popular fishery. Because Guadalupe Bass exist across a wide range of stream orders within the basin, it is unclear whether populations respond similarly to anthropogenic disturbances or to conservation and restoration activities. Therefore, our objectives were to:
Results contribute to an understanding of the response of Guadalupe Bass to anthropogenic disturbances, including increased urbanization in central Texas and further assist in the conservation of the species. The ability of the population to not only persist, but flourish downstream of a heavily populated urban area presented a unique opportunity to investigate a native species response to anthropogenic disturbance. This research revealed differences in Guadalupe Bass habitat associations and movements, contrasts in age and growth, and morphological variation across a gradient of disturbance throughout the Colorado River Basin. Results of this work provide information on the potential effects of human population growth and increased water withdrawals on Guadalupe Bass populations. Additionally, this work adds to an understanding of the unique Guadalupe Bass population found in the lower Colorado River and how it differs from upstream tributary populations. Gathering additional population-level information facilitates conservation actions critical to preserving preferred habitat and promoting growth rates for Guadalupe Bass in streams of different sizes and flow conditions while highlighting interpopulation differences that may warrant consideration for stocking programs and other management strategies. Key findings of this study were:
Wetlands across the globe provide extensive ecosystem services. However, many wetlands – especially those surrounded by uplands, often referred to as geographically isolated wetlands (GIWs) – remain poorly protected. Protection and restoration of wetlands frequently requires information on their hydrologic connectivity to other surface waters, and their cumulative watershed‐scale effects. The integration of measurements and models can supply this information. However, the types of measurements and models that should be integrated are dependent on management questions and information compatibility. We summarize the importance of GIWs in watersheds and discuss what wetland connectivity means in both science and management contexts. We then describe the latest tools available to quantify GIW connectivity and explore crucial next steps to enhancing and integrating such tools. These advancements will ensure that appropriate tools are used in GIW decision making and maintaining the important ecosystem services that these wetlands support.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/fee.1504","usgsCitation":"Golden, H.E., Creed, I., Ali, G., Basu, N., Neff, B., Rains, M.C., McLaughlin, D.L., Alexander, L.C., Ameli, A.A., Christensen, J.R., Evenson, G.R., Jones, C.N., Lane, C., and Lang, M., 2017, Integrating geographically isolated wetlands into land management decisions: Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, v. 15, no. 6, p. 319-327, https://doi.org/10.1002/fee.1504.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"319","endPage":"327","ipdsId":"IP-088147","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":29789,"text":"John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469643,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6261316","text":"External Repository"},{"id":353288,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-06-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee823e4b0da30c1bfc3f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Golden, Heather E.","contributorId":202423,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Golden","given":"Heather","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":36429,"text":"USEPA ORD","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":733024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Creed, Irena F.","contributorId":81209,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Creed","given":"Irena F.","affiliations":[{"id":27655,"text":"Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":733025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ali, Genevieve","contributorId":204052,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ali","given":"Genevieve","affiliations":[{"id":16603,"text":"University of Manitoba","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":733026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Basu, Nandita","contributorId":156369,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Basu","given":"Nandita","affiliations":[{"id":20330,"text":"Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":733027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Neff, Brian 0000-0003-3718-7350 bneff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3718-7350","contributorId":198885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neff","given":"Brian","email":"bneff@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - 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In this study, we combined a numerical model with high-resolution hydrologic and geomorphic data sets to test two different hypotheses for debris flow initiation during a rainfall event that produced numerous debris flows within a recently burned drainage basin. Based on simulations, large volumes of sediment eroded from the hillslopes were redeposited within the channel network throughout the storm, leading to the initiation of numerous debris flows as a result of the mass failure of sediment dams that built up within the channel. More generally, results provide a quantitative framework for assessing the potential of runoff-generated debris flows based on sediment supply and hydrologic conditions.
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