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,{"id":32237,"text":"ofr95810 - 1995 - Acid deposition sensitivity map","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-24T15:35:47.360704","indexId":"ofr95810","displayToPublicDate":"2000-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-810","title":"Acid deposition sensitivity map","docAbstract":"Project Summary: \r\nThe following digital product represents the Acid Deposition Sensitivity of the Southern Appalachian Assessment Area. Areas having various susceptibilities to acid deposition from air pollution are designated on a three tier ranking in the region of the Southern Appalachian Assessment (SAA). The assessment is being conducted by Federal agencies that are members of the Southern Appalachian Man and Biosphere (SAMAB) Cooperative. Sensitivities to acid deposition, ranked high, medium, and low are assigned on the basis of bedrock compositions and their associated soils, and their capacities to neutralize acid precipitation.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr95810","usgsCitation":"Peper, J., Grosz, A., Kress, T., Collins, T.K., Kappesser, G.B., Huber, C.M., and Webb, J., 1995, Acid deposition sensitivity map: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-810, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95810.","productDescription":"HTML Document","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":163117,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":390350,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_33917.htm"},{"id":8940,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/of95-810/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"1000000","country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -87.5390625,\n              30.486550842588485\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.37646484375,\n              30.486550842588485\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.37646484375,\n              36.33282808737917\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.5390625,\n              36.33282808737917\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.5390625,\n              30.486550842588485\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b13e4b07f02db6a352a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peper, John D.","contributorId":39026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peper","given":"John D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":208049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grosz, Andrew E.","contributorId":55051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grosz","given":"Andrew E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":208050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kress, Thomas H.","contributorId":97161,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kress","given":"Thomas H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":208052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Collins, Thomas K.","contributorId":33747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collins","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":208048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kappesser, Gary B.","contributorId":22007,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kappesser","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":208046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Huber, Cindy M.","contributorId":22400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huber","given":"Cindy","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":208047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Webb, James R.","contributorId":74431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webb","given":"James R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":208051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":6929,"text":"fs05595 - 1995 - Chesapeake Bay: Measuring Pollution Reduction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:51","indexId":"fs05595","displayToPublicDate":"2000-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"055-95","title":"Chesapeake Bay: Measuring Pollution Reduction","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/fs05595","usgsCitation":"Zynjuk, L.D., 1995, Chesapeake Bay: Measuring Pollution Reduction: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 055-95, 1 sheet ([2] p.) : ill., map ; 28 x 22 cm. ill., map ;, https://doi.org/10.3133/fs05595.","productDescription":"1 sheet ([2] p.) : ill., map ; 28 x 22 cm. ill., map ;","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":707,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/wid/html/chesbay.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":117355,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1995/0055/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":34218,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1995/0055/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dee4b07f02db5e29f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zynjuk, Linda D.","contributorId":108101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zynjuk","given":"Linda","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":153581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5017,"text":"fs06595 - 1995 - Water Data Program","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:31","indexId":"fs06595","displayToPublicDate":"2000-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"065-95","title":"Water Data Program","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/fs06595","usgsCitation":"Gilbert, B.K., 1995, Water Data Program: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 065-95, 1 sheet ([4] p.) : ill., map ; 28 cm. ill., map ;, https://doi.org/10.3133/fs06595.","productDescription":"1 sheet ([4] p.) : ill., map ; 28 cm. ill., map ;","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":262,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/wid/html/WD.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":126402,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1995/0065/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":31849,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1995/0065/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67af9a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gilbert, Bruce K.","contributorId":60198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilbert","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5340,"text":"fs05295 - 1995 - Federal-State Cooperative Water-Resources Program","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:43","indexId":"fs05295","displayToPublicDate":"2000-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"052-95","title":"Federal-State Cooperative Water-Resources Program","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"The Survey,","doi":"10.3133/fs05295","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1995, Federal-State Cooperative Water-Resources Program: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 052-95, 4 p. ;  28 cm. , https://doi.org/10.3133/fs05295.","productDescription":"4 p. ;  28 cm. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":384,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/wid/html/COOP.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":117646,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1995/0052/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":32032,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1995/0052/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fee4b07f02db5f6a31","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":528504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":6782,"text":"fs06695 - 1995 - An Overview of the Stream-Gaging Program","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:53","indexId":"fs06695","displayToPublicDate":"2000-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"066-95","title":"An Overview of the Stream-Gaging Program","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/fs06695","usgsCitation":"Wahl, K.L., Wilbert, T.O., and Hirsch, R.M., 1995, An Overview of the Stream-Gaging Program: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 066-95, [4] p. : ill. ; 28 cm. ill. ;, https://doi.org/10.3133/fs06695.","productDescription":"[4] p. : ill. ; 28 cm. ill. ;","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":801,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/wid/html/SG.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":117817,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1995/0066/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":34140,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1995/0066/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db6864b9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wahl, Kenneth L.","contributorId":61024,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wahl","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":153338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilbert, Thomas O.","contributorId":54192,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilbert","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":153337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hirsch, Robert M. 0000-0002-4534-075X rhirsch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4534-075X","contributorId":2005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hirsch","given":"Robert","email":"rhirsch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37316,"text":"WMA - Integrated Information Dissemination Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":153336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70074780,"text":"70074780 - 1995 - Effects of carbon and nitrate on denitrification in bottom sediments of an effluent-dominated river","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-08T15:01:38","indexId":"70074780","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T15:24:17","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of carbon and nitrate on denitrification in bottom sediments of an effluent-dominated river","docAbstract":"<p><span>Nitrogen and carbon limitation of denitrification in the bed sediments of an effluent-dominated stream were investigated by quantifying the effects of nitrate and glucose additions on the rate of sediment N</span><sub>2</sub><span>O production. Bed sediment samples were collected from a 30-km stretch of the South Platte River where up to 95% of the base flow discharge consists of effluent from a water treatment plant in Denver, Colorado. The rate of denitrification in upstream sediment samples incubated under in situ nitrate and carbon conditions was primarily limited by nitrate supply. The stimulatory effect of nitrate additions on the rate of bed sediment denitrification decreased with increasing distance downstream of the treatment plant. Approximately 35 km downstream of the treatment plant, denitrification in the bed sediment samples was carbon limited. The observed decreases in the concentration of total inorganic nitrogen (as NH</span><sub>4</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>+ NO</span><sub>3</sub><span>) dissolved in the river and the organic carbon content of the bed sediments with increasing distance downstream of the treatment plant suggest that bed sediment denitrification is a significant sink for nitrogen in this stretch of the river.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/94WR03351","usgsCitation":"Bradley, P., McMahon, P., and Chapelle, F.H., 1995, Effects of carbon and nitrate on denitrification in bottom sediments of an effluent-dominated river: Water Resources Research, v. 31, no. 4, p. 1063-1068, https://doi.org/10.1029/94WR03351.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1063","endPage":"1068","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":281929,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","city":"Denver","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -105.037,39.576 ], [ -105.037,39.878 ], [ -104.903,39.878 ], [ -104.903,39.576 ], [ -105.037,39.576 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"31","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd56afe4b0b290850f70ff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradley, P. M. 0000-0001-7522-8606","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7522-8606","contributorId":29465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"P. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McMahon, P.B. 0000-0001-7452-2379","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7452-2379","contributorId":10762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McMahon","given":"P.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chapelle, F. H.","contributorId":101697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapelle","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70168890,"text":"70168890 - 1995 - Effects of agricultural, industrial, and municipal pollutants on wetlands and wildlife and wildlife health","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-07T11:18:49","indexId":"70168890","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Effects of agricultural, industrial, and municipal pollutants on wetlands and wildlife and wildlife health","docAbstract":"<p>Wetlands accumulate pollutants from adjacent areas through intentional discharge of sewage or industrial wastes, runoff of agricultural fertilizers and pesticides, and discharge from municipal storm drains. &nbsp;Coastal wetlands receive more pollutants indirectly as the endpoint for upland drainage systems and directly through petroleum spills and insect abatement. &nbsp;Wetlands that serve as evaporation basins during seasonally high water, especially in more arid climates, concentrate natural compounds and as well as pollutants. &nbsp;The ability of wetlands to be effective filtration systems for wastewater nutrients through microbial transformations, uptake by plants, and deposition of particulate matter, and the shortage of water in arid climates has resulted in revision of wetland regulations. &nbsp;Wetlands can now be developed for wastewater treatment and natural wetlands can be restored or converted to wastewater treatment systems. &nbsp;The effect of these accumulation pollutants on wetland ecology and wildlife health needs to be recognized.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings Of A Joint Conference American Association Of Zoo Veterinarians, Wildlife Disease Association, And American Association Of Wildlife Veterinarians","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"conferenceTitle":"Joint Conference American Association Of Zoo Veterinarians, Wildlife Disease Association, And American Association Of Wildlife Veterinarians","conferenceDate":"August 12, 1995","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Converse, K.A., 1995, Effects of agricultural, industrial, and municipal pollutants on wetlands and wildlife and wildlife health, <i>in</i> Proceedings Of A Joint Conference American Association Of Zoo Veterinarians, Wildlife Disease Association, And American Association Of Wildlife Veterinarians, August 12, 1995, p. 39-39.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"39","endPage":"39","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":318645,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56deb446e4b015c306fb89d7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Converse, Kathryn A. kathy_converse@usgs.gov","contributorId":16802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Converse","given":"Kathryn","email":"kathy_converse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":622073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70187048,"text":"70187048 - 1995 - History and use of remote sensing for conservation and management of federal lands in Alaska, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-18T14:20:57.301534","indexId":"70187048","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2821,"text":"Natural Areas Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"History and use of remote sensing for conservation and management of federal lands in Alaska, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>Remote sensing has been used to aid land use planning efforts for federal public lands in Alaska since the 1940s. Four federal land management agencies-the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, US. Bureau of Land Management, US. National Park Service, and U.S. Forest Service-have used aerial photography and satellite imagery to document the extent, type, and condition of Alaska's natural resources. Aerial photographs have been used to collect detailed information over small to medium-sized areas. This standard management tool is obtainable using equipment ranging from hand-held 35-mm cameras to precision metric mapping cameras. Satellite data, equally important, provide synoptic views of landscapes, are digitally manipulatable, and are easily merged with other digital databases. To date, over 109.2 million ha (72%) of Alaska's land cover have been mapped via remote sensing. This information has provided a base for conservation, management, and planning on federal public lands in Alaska.</span> </p>","language":"English","publisher":"Natural Areas Assocation","usgsCitation":"Markon, C., 1995, History and use of remote sensing for conservation and management of federal lands in Alaska, USA: Natural Areas Journal, v. 15, no. 4, p. 329-338.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"329","endPage":"338","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340034,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":403893,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/43898069"}],"country":"United 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,{"id":23814,"text":"ofr95413 - 1995 - Is Glacier Peak a dangerous volcano?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-05T11:09:00","indexId":"ofr95413","displayToPublicDate":"1999-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-413","title":"Is Glacier Peak a dangerous volcano?","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available&nbsp;</p>","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey, Cascades Volcano Observatory,","doi":"10.3133/ofr95413","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Mastin, L., and Waitt, R., 1995, Is Glacier Peak a dangerous volcano?: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-413, 4  p. :ill. maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95413.","productDescription":"4  p. :ill. maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":1559,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Volcanoes/GlacierPeak/Hazards/OFR95-413/OFR95-413.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":155785,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0413/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53026,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0413/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa7e4b07f02db66722d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mastin, L.G.","contributorId":80313,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mastin","given":"L.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Waitt, R. B.","contributorId":78766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waitt","given":"R. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70018874,"text":"70018874 - 1995 - Carbonate deposition, Pyramid Lake subbasin, Nevada: 2. Lake levels and polar jet stream positions reconstructed from radiocarbon ages and elevations of carbonates (tufas) deposited in the Lahontan basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-04T15:51:52.391808","indexId":"70018874","displayToPublicDate":"1999-11-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2996,"text":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","printIssn":"0031-0182","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Carbonate deposition, Pyramid Lake subbasin, Nevada: 2. Lake levels and polar jet stream positions reconstructed from radiocarbon ages and elevations of carbonates (tufas) deposited in the Lahontan basin","docAbstract":"<p><span>Most of the tufas in the Pyramid Lake subbasin were deposited within the last 35,000 yr, including most of the mound tufas that border the existing lake. Many of the older tufas (&gt; 21,000 yr B.P.) contained in the mounds were formed in association with ground-water discharge. The radiocarbon (</span><sup>14</sup><span>C) ages of the older tufas represent maximum estimates of the time of their formation. Lake Lahontan experienced large and abrupt rises in level at ∼22,000, 15,000, and 11,000 yr B.P. and three abrupt recessions in level at ∼16,000, 13,600, and 10,000 yr B.P. The lake-level rises that were initiated at ∼23,500 and 15,500 yr B.P. are believed to indicate the passage of the polar jet stream over the Lahontan basin. During expansion of the Laurentide Ice Sheet, the jet stream moved south across the basin, and during the contraction of the Ice Sheet, the jet stream moved north across the basin.</span></p><p><span>The bulk of the carbonate contained in the mound tufas was deposited during the last major lake cycle (∼23,500–12,000 yr B.P.), indicating that ground- and surface-water discharges increased at ∼23,500 and decreased at ∼12,000 yr B.P. A lake-level oscillation that occurred between 11,000 and 10,000 yr B.P. is represented by a 2-cm thick layer of dense laminated tufa that occurs at and below 1180 m in the low-elevation tufa mounds and at 1205 m in the Winnemucca Lake subbasin.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0031-0182(94)00103-F","issn":"00310182","usgsCitation":"Benson, L., Kashgarian, M., and Rubin, M., 1995, Carbonate deposition, Pyramid Lake subbasin, Nevada: 2. Lake levels and polar jet stream positions reconstructed from radiocarbon ages and elevations of carbonates (tufas) deposited in the Lahontan basin: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 117, no. 1-2, p. 1-30, https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-0182(94)00103-F.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"30","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226525,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Pyramid Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -119.89629303993713,\n              40.25977644870221\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.89629303993713,\n              39.64008749519962\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.20069355770855,\n              39.64008749519962\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.20069355770855,\n              40.25977644870221\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.89629303993713,\n              40.25977644870221\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"117","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f36ee4b0c8380cd4b7e8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Benson, L.","contributorId":56793,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benson","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":380992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kashgarian, Michaele","contributorId":68473,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kashgarian","given":"Michaele","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":380993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rubin, M.","contributorId":88079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rubin","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":380994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":44855,"text":"wri954176 - 1995 - Louisiana ground-water map no. 8; potentiometric surface, 1991, of the Carrizo-Wilcox Aquifer in northwestern Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:11","indexId":"wri954176","displayToPublicDate":"1999-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-4176","title":"Louisiana ground-water map no. 8; potentiometric surface, 1991, of the Carrizo-Wilcox Aquifer in northwestern Louisiana","docAbstract":"In northwestern Louisiana, the Carrizo-Wilcox aquifer is the primary source of ground water within six parishes (Bossier, Caddo, De Soto, Natchitoches, Red River, and Sabine) and the secondary source in parts of three other parishes (Bienville, Claiborne, and Webster). Withdrawals from the aquifer increased from 4.7 Mgal/d (million gallons per day) in 1965 to 13.3 Mgal/d in 1990. A map of the potentiometric surface indicates that the altitudes of water levels in the Carrizo-Wilcox aquifer ranged from less than 100 feet to 300 feet above sea level in November and December 1991. The direction of ground-water flow within the aquifer generally is to the southeast and east or west to the Red River Valley.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri954176","usgsCitation":"Seanor, R.C., and Smoot, C.W., 1995, Louisiana ground-water map no. 8; potentiometric surface, 1991, of the Carrizo-Wilcox Aquifer in northwestern Louisiana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4176, 1 map ; on sheet 64 x 68 cm., folded in envelope 31 x 23 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri954176.","productDescription":"1 map ; on sheet 64 x 68 cm., folded in envelope 31 x 23 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":161715,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":82216,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4176/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a74e4b07f02db64468c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Seanor, Ronald C. 0000-0001-5735-5580 rcseanor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5735-5580","contributorId":3731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seanor","given":"Ronald","email":"rcseanor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":230557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smoot, Charles W.","contributorId":88398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smoot","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":27964,"text":"wri904171 - 1995 - Ground-water flow and quality in Wisconsin's shallow aquifer system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-17T18:57:57.660034","indexId":"wri904171","displayToPublicDate":"1999-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"90-4171","title":"Ground-water flow and quality in Wisconsin's shallow aquifer system","docAbstract":"<p>The areal concentration distribution of commonmineral constituents and properties of ground water in Wisconsin's shallow aquifer system are described in this report. Maps depicting the water quality and the altitude of the water table are included. The shallow aquifer system in Wisconsin, composed of unconsolidated sand and gravel and shallow bedrock, is the source of most potable ground-water supplies in the State. Most ground water in the shallow aquifer system moves in local flow systems, but it interacts with regional flow systems in some areas.</p>\n<p>In terms of chemical quality, the water is suitable for potable supply and most other uses, but objectionable hardness in large areas and concen- trations of iron and manganese that exceed State drinking-water standards cause aesthetic problems that may require treatment of the water for some uses. Concentrations of major dissolved constitu- ents (calcium, magnesium, and bicarbonate), hard- ness, alkalinity, and dissolved solids are highest where the bedrock component of the aquifer is dolo- mite and lowest where the shallow aquifer is almost entirely sand and gravel. Concentrations of other minor constituents (sodium, potassium, sulfate, chloride, and fluoride) are less closely related to common minerals that compose the aquifer system. Sulfate and fluoride concentrations exceed State drinking-water standards locally. Extreme variability in concentrations of iron and manganese are common locally. Iron and manganese concentra- tions exceed State drinking-water standards in water from one-third and one-quarter of the wells, respectively. Likely causes of nitrate-nitrogen con- centrations that exceed State drinking-water stan- dards include local contamination from plant fertilizers, animal wastes, waste water disposed of on land, and septic systems. Water quality in the shallow aquifer system has been affected by saline water from underlying aquifers, primarily along the eastern and western boundaries of the State where the thickness of Paleozoic rocks is greatest.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri904171","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","usgsCitation":"Kammerer, P., 1995, Ground-water flow and quality in Wisconsin's shallow aquifer system: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 90-4171, Report: iv, 42 p.; 2 Plates: 32.00 x 38.00 inches, 23.00 x 27.25 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri904171.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 42 p.; 2 Plates: 32.00 x 38.00 inches, 23.00 x 27.25 inches","numberOfPages":"46","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":110255,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB 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,{"id":17960,"text":"ofr95146 - 1995 - Precipitation data for water years 1992 and 1993 from a network of nonrecording gages at Yucca Mountain, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:23","indexId":"ofr95146","displayToPublicDate":"1999-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-146","title":"Precipitation data for water years 1992 and 1993 from a network of nonrecording gages at Yucca Mountain, Nevada","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey :\r\nEarth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr95146","usgsCitation":"Ambos, D., Flint, A.L., and Hevesi, J., 1995, Precipitation data for water years 1992 and 1993 from a network of nonrecording gages at Yucca Mountain, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-146, iii, 100 p. :maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95146.","productDescription":"iii, 100 p. :maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":151209,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0146/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":47198,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0146/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad1e4b07f02db680ecd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ambos, D.S.","contributorId":43373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ambos","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flint, A. L.","contributorId":102453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hevesi, J.A. 0000-0003-2898-1800","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2898-1800","contributorId":43320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hevesi","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70019622,"text":"70019622 - 1995 - Spatial and temporal patterns of late Quaternary eolian deposition, eastern Colorado, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-14T15:57:14.536769","indexId":"70019622","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3219,"text":"Quaternary Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial and temporal patterns of late Quaternary eolian deposition, eastern Colorado, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>Eolian sediment covers about 60% of Colorado east of the Rocky Mountains; about 30% of the sediment is sand and 70% is loess. Initially, flood plains were the principal sources of eolian sediment, but during the Holocene, dunes formed from older eolian sand and alluvium on uplands. Since latest Pleistocene time, dominant dune-forming winds have been northwesterly in the northern part of the region and southwesterly in the southern part. At present, sand sheets and dunes, mainly parabolic types, are stable and covered with vegetation. In dunes, sand is commonly 20–30 m thick but elsewhere averages &lt; 10 m. Three sand units are recognized on the basis of bedforms, topographic expression, and soil development. Preliminary age limits for the three units, based on 26 numerical ages, are 22.5–9 ka, 8−1 ka, and l.0−0. 15 ka. The middle unit is the product of multiple episodes of eolian activity that are not yet accurately dated. Loess is widespread but thin (generally &lt; 2.4 m). Three units — middle Pleistocene, late Pleistocene. and Holocene — are recognized on the basis of differences in soil-profile development and stratigraphic position; late Pleistocene loess is by far the most common loess.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0277-3791(95)00005-A","issn":"02773791","usgsCitation":"Madole, R., 1995, Spatial and temporal patterns of late Quaternary eolian deposition, eastern Colorado, USA: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 14, no. 2, p. 155-177, https://doi.org/10.1016/0277-3791(95)00005-A.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"155","endPage":"177","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":228050,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"eastern Colorado","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -105.50724651237572,\n              41.055785208652\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.50724651237572,\n              36.93651158993332\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.9396051616465,\n              36.93651158993332\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.9396051616465,\n              41.055785208652\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.50724651237572,\n              41.055785208652\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"14","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9440e4b08c986b31a974","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Madole, R.F. 0000-0002-9081-570X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9081-570X","contributorId":34086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madole","given":"R.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":38247,"text":"pp1066P - 1995 - Middle and Upper Ordovician nautiloid cephalopods of the Cincinnati Arch region of Kentucky, Indiana, and Ohio","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:51","indexId":"pp1066P","displayToPublicDate":"1998-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1066","chapter":"P","title":"Middle and Upper Ordovician nautiloid cephalopods of the Cincinnati Arch region of Kentucky, Indiana, and Ohio","docAbstract":"This chapter of 'Contributions to the Ordovician paleontology of Kentucky and nearby states' deals with the stratigraphic distribution, paleoecology, biogeography, and systematic paleontology of 50 species of nautiloid cephalopods from the Midcontinent. The species are placed in 30 genera. Most of the specimens are silicified and from Middle Ordovician rocks of Kentucky. The study is augmented by unsilicified material from the Upper Ordovician Cincinnatian Provincial Series from the tri-state area of Kentucky, Indiana, and Ohio.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/pp1066P","usgsCitation":"Frey, R., 1995, Middle and Upper Ordovician nautiloid cephalopods of the Cincinnati Arch region of Kentucky, Indiana, and Ohio: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1066, p. P1-P126, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1066P.","productDescription":"p. P1-P126","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":119657,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1066p/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":64624,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1066p/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a57e4b07f02db62e43b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frey, R.C.","contributorId":57521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frey","given":"R.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":28079,"text":"wri944193 - 1995 - Rainfall and freshwater discharge in the Indian River Basin within the St. Johns River Water Management District, East-Central Florida, 1989-91","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-07T22:16:09.288181","indexId":"wri944193","displayToPublicDate":"1998-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-4193","title":"Rainfall and freshwater discharge in the Indian River Basin within the St. Johns River Water Management District, East-Central Florida, 1989-91","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri944193","usgsCitation":"Knowles, L., 1995, Rainfall and freshwater discharge in the Indian River Basin within the St. Johns River Water Management District, East-Central Florida, 1989-91: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4193, iv, 43 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri944193.","productDescription":"iv, 43 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":395577,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48066.htm"},{"id":56900,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4193/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":157943,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4193/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Indian River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -80.9167,\n              27.55\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.3333,\n              27.55\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.3333,\n              28.7833\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.9167,\n              28.7833\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.9167,\n              27.55\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db649853","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knowles, Leel Jr.","contributorId":14857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knowles","given":"Leel","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":24115,"text":"ofr95565 - 1995 - Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study (BOREAS) 1993 laboratory data and notes, Thompson, Manitoba","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:11","indexId":"ofr95565","displayToPublicDate":"1998-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-565","title":"Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study (BOREAS) 1993 laboratory data and notes, Thompson, Manitoba","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nOpen-File Reports Section--ESIC, distributor,","doi":"10.3133/ofr95565","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"O’Neill, K.P., Harden, J., and Trumbore, S., 1995, Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study (BOREAS) 1993 laboratory data and notes, Thompson, Manitoba: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-565, no pages given ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95565.","productDescription":"no pages given ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":156356,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0565/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53269,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0565/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a14e4b07f02db602a61","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O’Neill, K. P.","contributorId":104935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Neill","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harden, J.W. 0000-0002-6570-8259","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6570-8259","contributorId":38585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"J.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Trumbore, S.E.","contributorId":57879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trumbore","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":21635,"text":"ofr95488 - 1995 - Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study (BOREAS) 1993 field notes, Thompson, Manitoba","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:58","indexId":"ofr95488","displayToPublicDate":"1998-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-488","title":"Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study (BOREAS) 1993 field notes, Thompson, Manitoba","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nOpen-File Reports Services-ESIC, distributor,","doi":"10.3133/ofr95488","issn":"0566-8174","usgsCitation":"O’Neill, K.P., Harden, J., Trumbore, S., Bentley, M., Winston, G., Stephens, B., and Black, T., 1995, Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study (BOREAS) 1993 field notes, Thompson, Manitoba: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-488, 1 v. (unpaged) :maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95488.","productDescription":"1 v. (unpaged) :maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155281,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0488/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51192,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0488/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a14e4b07f02db602a75","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O’Neill, K. P.","contributorId":104935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Neill","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":184999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harden, J.W. 0000-0002-6570-8259","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6570-8259","contributorId":38585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"J.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":184993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Trumbore, S.E.","contributorId":57879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trumbore","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":184994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bentley, M.O.","contributorId":67546,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bentley","given":"M.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":184996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Winston, Gregg","contributorId":60677,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winston","given":"Gregg","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":184995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stephens, B.B.","contributorId":100883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephens","given":"B.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":184997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Black, T.A.","contributorId":101684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Black","given":"T.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":184998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":23424,"text":"ofr9527 - 1995 - Geophysical database of the east coast of the United States: southern Atlantic margin-Stratigraphy and velocity from multichannel seismic profiles","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-01T21:52:14.581906","indexId":"ofr9527","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-27","title":"Geophysical database of the east coast of the United States: southern Atlantic margin-Stratigraphy and velocity from multichannel seismic profiles","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr9527","usgsCitation":"Hutchinson, D.R., Poag, C.W., and Popenoe, P., 1995, Geophysical database of the east coast of the United States: southern Atlantic margin-Stratigraphy and velocity from multichannel seismic profiles: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-27, Report; ii, 64 p.; 1 Plate: 24.00 × 26.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9527.","productDescription":"Report; ii, 64 p.; 1 Plate: 24.00 × 26.00 inches","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":19463,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0027/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":19464,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0027/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":409958,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_19344.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":157479,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0027/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"southern Atlantic margin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -81.03430685724693,\n              26.257451934659983\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.3022736539939,\n              26.257451934659983\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.3022736539939,\n              34.8400088618323\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.03430685724693,\n              34.8400088618323\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.03430685724693,\n              26.257451934659983\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67c170","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hutchinson, D. R.","contributorId":31770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutchinson","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Poag, C. W.","contributorId":16402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poag","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Popenoe, Peter","contributorId":62206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Popenoe","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":190081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":6562,"text":"fs11295_1995 - 1995 - Debris-flow hazards in the San Francisco Bay region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:53","indexId":"fs11295_1995","displayToPublicDate":"1997-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"112-95","title":"Debris-flow hazards in the San Francisco Bay region","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/fs11295_1995","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1995, Debris-flow hazards in the San Francisco Bay region: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 112-95, 4 p. : col. ill. ; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs11295_1995.","productDescription":"4 p. : col. ill. ; 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":117827,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_112_95.jpg"},{"id":851,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://landslides.usgs.gov/docs/faq/sfbayfs97.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db67274c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":528721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":25843,"text":"wri954258 - 1995 - Water-quality characteristics of five tributaries to the Chesapeake Bay at the Fall Line, Virginia, July 1988 through June 1993","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-30T13:33:31","indexId":"wri954258","displayToPublicDate":"1997-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-4258","title":"Water-quality characteristics of five tributaries to the Chesapeake Bay at the Fall Line, Virginia, July 1988 through June 1993","docAbstract":"<p>Development in the Chesapeake Bay region has adversely affected the water quality of the Bay. The general degradation in the Bay has resulted in the decline of commercial fishing industries and has reduced the area of aquatic vegetation that provides food and habitat for fish and shellfish. In order to assess the effectiveness of programs aimed at reducing the effects of excess nutrients and suspended solids on Chesapeake Bay, it is necessary to quantify the loads of these constituents into the Bay, and to evaluate the trends in water quality. This report presents the results of a study funded by the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality Chesapeake Bay and Coastal Programs and the U.S. Geological Survey, to monitor and estimate loads of selected nutrients and suspended solids discharged to Chesapeake Bay from five major tributaries in Virginia. The water-quality data and load estimates provided in this report also will be used to calibrate computer models of Chesapeake Bay.</p><p>Water-quality constituents were monitored in the James and Rappahannock Rivers over a 5-year period, and in the Pamunkey, Appomattox, and Mattaponi Rivers over a 4-year period. Water-quality samples were collected from July 1, 1988 through June 30, 1993, for the James and Rappahannock Rivers; from July 1, 1989 through June 30, 1993, for the Pamunkey and Appomattox Rivers; and from September 1,1989 through June 30, 1993, for the Mattaponi River. Water-quality samples were collected on a scheduled basis and during stormflow to cover a range in discharge conditions. Monitore water-quality constituents, for which loads were estimated include total suspended solids (residue, total at 105° Celsius), dissolved nitrite-plus-nitrate nitrogen,&nbsp;dissolved ammonia nitrogen, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, dissolved orthophosphorus, total organic carbon, and dissolved silica. Organic nitrogen concentrations were calculated from measurements of ammonia and total Kjeldahl nitrogen, and organic nitrogen loads were estimated using these calculations. Other selected water-quality constituents were monitored for which loads were not calculated. Daily mean load estimates of each constituent were computed by use of a seven-parameter log-linear regression model that uses variables of time, discharge, and seasonality.</p><p>Concentration of total nitrogen ranged from less than 0.14 to 3.41 mg/L (milligrams per liter), with both extreme values occurring at the Rappahannock River. Concentration of total Kjeldahl nitrogen ranged from less than 0.1 mg/L in the James, Rappahannock, and Appomattox Rivers to 3.0 mg/L in the James River. Organic nitrogen was the predominant form of nitrogen at all stations except the Rappahannock River, where nitrite plus-nitrate nitrogen was predominant, and organic nitrogen comprised the majority of the measured total Kjeldahl nitrogen at all stations, ranging from 0.01 mg/L in the Appomattox River to 2.86 mg/L in the James River. Concentration of dissolved ammonia nitrogen ranged from 0.01 mg/L in the Pamunkey River to 0.54 mg/L at the James River. Concentration of nitrite-plusnitrate nitrogen ranged from 0.02 to 1.05 mg/L in the James River. Concentrations of total phosphorus ranged from less than 0.01 mg/L in the Rappahannock and the Mattaponi Rivers to 1.4 mg/L in the James River. Dissolved orthophosphorus ranged from less than 0.01 mg/L in all five rivers to 0.51 mg/L in the James River. Total suspended solids ranged from a concentration of less than 1 mg/L in all five rivers to 844 mg/L in the&nbsp;Rappahannock River. Total organic carbon ranged from 1.1 mg/L in the Appomattox River to 110 mg/L in the Rappahannock River. Dissolved silica ranged from 2.4 mg/L in the James River to 18 mg/L in the Appomattox River.</p><p>The James and Rappahannock Rivers had high median concentrations and large ranges in concentrations for most constituents, probably because of a greater number of point and nonpoint sources of nutrients and suspended solids, and differences in land use when compared with the other basins. A significantly higher median concentration and greater range of dissolved orthophosphorus generally occurred at the James River than in all other rivers, which primarily is due to the greater number of point sources, such as municipal waste-water treatment plants. The Rappahannock River had significantly higher median concentrations and greater ranges of dissolved nitrite-plus-nitrate nitrogen and total nitrogen than other rivers, probably derived from agricultural sources. Total organic carbon was highest in the Mattaponi and Pamunkey River Basins that contain expanses of wetlands. The Appomattox River had the highest concentration of dissolved silica.</p><p>The median monthly load of total nitrogen ranged from 16,500 kg (kilogram) in the Mattaponi River to 371,000 kg in the James River. Total Kjeldahl nitrogen ranged from a median monthly load of 12,500 kg in the Mattaponi River to 205,500 kg, also in the James River. Organic nitrogen comprised the majority of the total Kjeldahl nitrogen load in all five rivers, ranging from a median monthly load of 11,251 kg in the Mattaponi River to 3,299,500 kg in the James River. The median monthly load of dissolved ammonia nitrogen was 1,130 kg in the Mattaponi River and was as much as 21,050 kg in the James River, whereas nitrite-plus-nitrate nitrogen ranged from a median monthly load of 4,065 kg in the Mattaponi River to 156,500 kg in the James River. The median monthly load of total phosphorus ranged from 1,670 kg in the Mattaponi River to 61,600 kg in the James River, whereas the median monthly load of dissolved orthophosphorus ranged from 350 kg in the Mattaponi River to 25,900 kg in the James River. Total suspended solids ranged from a median monthly load of 241,500 kg in the Mattaponi River to 20,050,000 kg in the James River. Total organic carbon ranged from a median monthly load of 167,000 kg in the Mattaponi River to 2,100,000 kg in the James River. The median monthly load of dissolved silica ranged from 209,500 kg in the Mattaponi River to 3,625,000 kg in the James River.</p><p>In general, annual loads for complete years of data collection were greatest at the James River for all constituents, probably because of the much higher discharge, greater basin size, and higher rates of runoff. Yields, or computations of loads per square mile of basin area, were generally highest at the Rappahannock River for total suspended solids, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, nitrite-plusnitrate nitrogen, and total nitrogen. Dissolved orthophosphorus was the only constituent with a yield consistently greater at the James River. Yields of total phosphorus were highest for the James and Rappahannock River basins, whereas yields of dissolved ammonia nitrogen, total organic carbon, and dissolved silica were similar for all five river basins.</p><p>Quality-assurance analyses that compare the results of the Virginia Division of Consolidated Laboratory Services and the U.S. Geological Survey Laboratory indicate that there are statistically significant differences between the laboratories for several constituents. Differences between laboratories were found to be caused by differences in analytical reporting limits, differences in analytical technique, or a slight bias at both laboratories. Quality-assurance data were used to address analytical technique problems, and to qualify final concentrations and loads.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri954258","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality Chesapeake Bay and Coastal Programs","usgsCitation":"Belval, D.L., Campbell, J.P., Phillips, S.W., and Bell, C.F., 1995, Water-quality characteristics of five tributaries to the Chesapeake Bay at the Fall Line, Virginia, July 1988 through June 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4258, Report: vi, 71 p.; Appendices: 1 diskette, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri954258.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 71 p.; Appendices: 1 diskette","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158506,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4258/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54588,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4258/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":358967,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4258/wri954258.zip","text":"Diskette","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia ","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae2e4b07f02db688e9b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Belval, Donna L.","contributorId":66736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belval","given":"Donna","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Campbell, Jean P.","contributorId":67969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"Jean","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Phillips, Scott W. 0000-0002-1637-9428 swphilli@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1637-9428","contributorId":191221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"Scott","email":"swphilli@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5067,"text":"Northeast Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":195310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bell, Clifton F.","contributorId":79905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bell","given":"Clifton","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":26109,"text":"wri954207 - 1995 - Water resources of the Bad River Indian Reservation, northern Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-26T11:29:54","indexId":"wri954207","displayToPublicDate":"1997-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-4207","title":"Water resources of the Bad River Indian Reservation, northern Wisconsin","docAbstract":"<p>Water-resources data were collected in the Bad River Indian Reservation of northern Wisconsin from 1983 through 1987. Some data are interpreted to describe ground-water flow, groundwater quality, streamflow, and surface-water quality. Data also are presented in tables and appendixes for baseline reference.</p>\n<p>Precambrian sandstone and basalt underlie varying thicknesses of sandy till, outwash sand and gravel, and clay deposited in glacial meltwater lakes. The thickness of glacial deposits generally ranges from 100 to 300 ft but reaches a known thickness of almost 1,000 ft on the east-central edge of the Reservation. Sand and gravel deposits are generally buried beneath 50 to 150 ft of glacial lake clays and silts throughout most of the Reservation. These buried sand and gravel deposits lie directly on Precambrian sandstone of unknown thickness in the northern half of the Reservation. The sand and gravel deposits and the sandstone form a single aquifer system confined by the overlying clay deposits. In and near the village of Odanah, numerous wells finished in either the sand and gravel or in the sandstone flow above land surface.</p>\n<p>Estimates of the horizontal hydraulic conductivity of the sand and gravel based on 30 specific- capacity tests range from about 2 to 700 ft per day with a median value of about 80 ft per day. Horizontal hydraulic conductivity estimates for the sandstone range from about 1 to 360 ft per day with a median of about 2 ft per day. These estimates are based on 42 specific-capacity tests of wells open only to the upper 20 to 60 ft of sandstone. The horizontal hydraulic conductivity of the sandstone appears to decrease with depth; highest estimates were determined for wells open only to the upper 20 ft of sandstone.</p>\n<p>Ground water in the confined aquifer system is a calcium magnesium bicarbonate type with relatively low total dissolved solids concentrations. The median total dissolved solids concentration of water from 17 sand and gravel wells is about 150 milligrams per liter and the median for water from 21 sandstone wells is about 244 milligrams per liter. High concentrations of iron and manganese were found in water from 12 of 36 sampled wells. Total recoverable concentrations of iron exceeded 500 micrograms per liter in 5 wells and concentrations of manganese exceeded 50 micrograms per liter in 7 wells.</p>\n<p>Streamflow has been continuously measured at a streamflow-gaging station in the Bad River near Odanah for much of the time since 1914. This station monitors drainage from a basin with an area of 597 square miles and the average daily discharge of the Bad River at this gaging station is 622 cubic feet per second. The peak instantaneous flow at the station was 27,700 cubic feet per second on April 24, 1960 and the minimum instantaneous flow was 34 cubic feet per second on November 8,1976.</p>\n<p>Analysis of water samples collected at 12 sites at 10 small streams during base-flow conditions indicate that the concentrations of common chemical constituents are similar to but lower than those found in ground water. The median concentration of total dissolved solids was about 110 milligrams per liter as compared to about 155 milligrams per liter in ground-water samples from wells finished in sand and gravel.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri954207","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bad River Indian Tribe of Wisconsin","usgsCitation":"Batten, W.G., and Lidwin, R., 1995, Water resources of the Bad River Indian Reservation, northern Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4207, Report: iv, 45 p.; 2 Plates: 14.00 x 19.90 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri954207.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 45 p.; 2 Plates: 14.00 x 19.90 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":123822,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4207/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":2058,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://wi.water.usgs.gov/pubs/WRIR-95-4207/index.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":54907,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4207/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54906,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4207/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54905,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4207/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","county":"Ashland County, Iron County","otherGeospatial":"Bad River Indian Reservation, Lake Superior, Madeline Island","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -90.7470703125,\n              46.238752301105706\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.7470703125,\n              46.67205646734499\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.3680419921875,\n              46.67205646734499\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.3680419921875,\n              46.238752301105706\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.7470703125,\n              46.238752301105706\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e47e6e4b07f02db4bc06c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Batten, W. G.","contributorId":89504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Batten","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":195823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lidwin, R.A.","contributorId":33349,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lidwin","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":22381,"text":"ofr94461 - 1995 - Stratigraphic nomenclature and geologic sections of the Gulf Coastal Plain of Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-15T12:42:21","indexId":"ofr94461","displayToPublicDate":"1997-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-461","title":"Stratigraphic nomenclature and geologic sections of the Gulf Coastal Plain of Texas","docAbstract":"<p>Geologic sections showing the subsurface delineation of approximately 100 Stratigraphic units composing the Mesozoic and Cenozoic Eras illustrate the interrelation of these units across most of the Gulf Coastal Plain of Texas. The geologic names that constitute the nomenclature have been published, and the vast majority are approved for use by the U.S. Geological Survey. Four dip sections and four strike sections, extending from the land surface to a maximum of about 18,000 feet below sea level, provide continuity of correlation from the outcrop to the deep subsurface. Stratigraphic units containing water with less than 3,000 milligrams per liter concentration of dissolved solids are shown on the geologic sections and serve as an indicator of water quality in the Gulf Coastal Plain of Texas.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr94461","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Baker, E.T., 1995, Stratigraphic nomenclature and geologic sections of the Gulf Coastal Plain of Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-461, Report: iii, 34 p.; 8 Plates, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr94461.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 34 p.; 8 Plates","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":155387,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0461/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":21625,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0461/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":21626,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0461/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":21627,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0461/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":21628,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0461/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":21629,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0461/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":21630,"rank":405,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0461/plate-6.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":21631,"rank":406,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0461/plate-7.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":21632,"rank":407,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0461/plate-8.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":21633,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0461/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae7aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baker, E. T. Jr.","contributorId":88366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"E.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
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