{"pageNumber":"384","pageRowStart":"9575","pageSize":"25","recordCount":16443,"records":[{"id":70198953,"text":"70198953 - 1998 - Biogeochemical cycles of nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur: Natural distributions and response to disturbance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-27T14:02:47","indexId":"70198953","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T13:59:43","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"14","title":"Biogeochemical cycles of nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur: Natural distributions and response to disturbance","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The ecology and management of rivers and streams in the Pacific Northwest Ecoregion","language":"English","publisher":"Springer-Verlag","publisherLocation":"New York","usgsCitation":"McClain, M., Bilby, R.E., and Triska, F., 1998, Biogeochemical cycles of nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur: Natural distributions and response to disturbance, chap. 14 <i>of</i> The ecology and management of rivers and streams in the Pacific Northwest Ecoregion, p. 347-372.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"347","endPage":"372","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356794,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98deb1e4b0702d0e848704","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Naiman, R.","contributorId":59741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naiman","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743563,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"McClain, M.E.","contributorId":80638,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McClain","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bilby, Richard E.","contributorId":145928,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bilby","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Triska, F.J.","contributorId":69560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Triska","given":"F.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70198952,"text":"70198952 - 1998 - Sources and age of aquatic humus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-27T13:50:10","indexId":"70198952","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T13:47:22","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Sources and age of aquatic humus","docAbstract":"<p><span>As aquatic scientists have recognized the diversity of processes controlled by or dependent upon aquatic humus, it has become important to learn more about the genesis, chemical properties, and concentration of humic substances in aquatic ecosystems. There are three classes of aquatic humus (fulvic acids, humic acids, and humin), all of which share the characteristics of being heterogeneous biomolecules which are yellow to brown or black in color, high to moderate molecular weight, and biologically recalcitrant. Fulvic acids are organic acids which are soluble at any pH; humic acids are soluble above pH 2; and humin is insoluble under the full range of pH. Aquatic humus occurs in both dissolved and solid phases, with molecular weights ranging from about 500 D for dissolved fulvic acid to greater than 100,000 D for humic acids in sediments. Although the heterogeneity of these humic fractions makes rigorous chemical studies challenging, there are sufficient analytical methods at hand to make progress toward understanding the sources, formation pathways, and fate of aquatic humus.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Aquatic humic substances: Ecology and biogeochemsitry","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"New York","doi":"10.1007/978-3-662-03736-2_2","usgsCitation":"McKnight, D.M., and Aiken, G.R., 1998, Sources and age of aquatic humus, chap. <i>of</i> Aquatic humic substances: Ecology and biogeochemsitry, p. 9-39, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03736-2_2.","productDescription":"31 p.","startPage":"9","endPage":"39","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356792,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98deb1e4b0702d0e848706","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKnight, Diane M.","contributorId":59773,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKnight","given":"Diane","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":16833,"text":"INSTAAR, University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":743558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aiken, George R. 0000-0001-8454-0984 graiken@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8454-0984","contributorId":1322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aiken","given":"George","email":"graiken@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":743559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70198545,"text":"70198545 - 1998 - Use of 13C NMR and FTIR for elucidation of degradation pathways during natural litter decomposition and compositing. IV. Characterization of humic and fulvic acids extracted from senescent leaves","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-13T10:14:17","indexId":"70198545","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T10:37:31","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Use of 13C NMR and FTIR for elucidation of degradation pathways during natural litter decomposition and compositing. IV. Characterization of humic and fulvic acids extracted from senescent leaves","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Humic substances structures, properties and uses","language":"English","publisher":"Royal Society of Chemistry","usgsCitation":"Wershaw, R.L., and Kennedy, K.R., 1998, Use of 13C NMR and FTIR for elucidation of degradation pathways during natural litter decomposition and compositing. IV. Characterization of humic and fulvic acids extracted from senescent leaves, chap. <i>of</i> Humic substances structures, properties and uses, p. 61-68.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"61","endPage":"68","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356269,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98deb1e4b0702d0e848708","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wershaw, Robert L. rwershaw@usgs.gov","contributorId":4856,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wershaw","given":"Robert","email":"rwershaw@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":741851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kennedy, K. R.","contributorId":66267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":32535,"text":"32535 - 1998 - Hydrologic units","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-04T10:09:41","indexId":"32535","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T10:08:24","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Hydrologic units","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"National atlas of the United States","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/32535","isbn":"0607904747","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1998, Hydrologic units, 1 map, https://doi.org/10.3133/32535.","productDescription":"1 map","numberOfPages":"1","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":291574,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"3500000","projection":"Albers Equal Area projection","country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 172.4,18.9 ], [ 172.4,71.4 ], [ -66.9,71.4 ], [ -66.9,18.9 ], [ 172.4,18.9 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53e09e5be4b0beb42bdca458","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":529403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70199198,"text":"70199198 - 1998 - Scale effects in fluid flow through fractured geologic media","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-10T10:09:31","indexId":"70199198","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T10:05:46","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"12","title":"Scale effects in fluid flow through fractured geologic media","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Scale dependence and scale invariance in hydrology","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1017/CBO9780511551864.013","usgsCitation":"Hsieh, P.A., 1998, Scale effects in fluid flow through fractured geologic media, chap. 12 <i>of</i> Scale dependence and scale invariance in hydrology, p. 335-353, https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511551864.013.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"335","endPage":"353","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357186,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98deb1e4b0702d0e84870a","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Sposito, Garrison","contributorId":178194,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sposito","given":"Garrison","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744637,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Hsieh, Paul A. 0000-0003-4873-4874 pahsieh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4873-4874","contributorId":1634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hsieh","given":"Paul","email":"pahsieh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":39113,"text":"WMA - Office of Quality Assurance","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":744636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70199196,"text":"70199196 - 1998 - Chloride and tritium concentrations in a thick unsaturated zone underlying an intermittent stream in the Mojave Desert, Southern California, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-10T09:46:16","indexId":"70199196","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T09:42:48","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Chloride and tritium concentrations in a thick unsaturated zone underlying an intermittent stream in the Mojave Desert, Southern California, USA","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Gambling with groundwater: Physical, chemical, and biological aspects of aquifer-stream relations","conferenceTitle":"XXVIII Congress of the International Association of Hydrogeologists and the Annual Meeting of the American Institute of Hydrologists","conferenceDate":"September 28-October 2, 1998","conferenceLocation":"Las Vegas","language":"English","publisher":"American Institute of Hydrology","usgsCitation":"Izbicki, J.A., Michel, R.L., and Martin, P., 1998, Chloride and tritium concentrations in a thick unsaturated zone underlying an intermittent stream in the Mojave Desert, Southern California, USA, chap. <i>of</i> Gambling with groundwater: Physical, chemical, and biological aspects of aquifer-stream relations, p. 81-88.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"81","endPage":"88","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357168,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Mojave Desert","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -117.257080078125,\n              34.1890858311724\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.037841796875,\n              34.1890858311724\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.037841796875,\n              35.55457449014312\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.257080078125,\n              35.55457449014312\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.257080078125,\n              34.1890858311724\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98deb1e4b0702d0e84870c","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Brahana, J. V.","contributorId":32926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brahana","given":"J. V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744631,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eckstein, Y.","contributorId":54345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eckstein","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744632,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Izbicki, John A. 0000-0003-0816-4408 jaizbick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0816-4408","contributorId":149374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Izbicki","given":"John","email":"jaizbick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Michel, Robert L. rlmichel@usgs.gov","contributorId":823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michel","given":"Robert","email":"rlmichel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":148,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Western Region","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":744629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Martin, P.","contributorId":24398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70199195,"text":"70199195 - 1998 - Soil sorption of organic pollutants and pesticides","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-10T09:34:23","indexId":"70199195","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T09:32:17","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Soil sorption of organic pollutants and pesticides","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Encyclopedia of environmental analysis and remediation","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"New York","usgsCitation":"Chiou, C.T., 1998, Soil sorption of organic pollutants and pesticides, chap. <i>of</i> Encyclopedia of environmental analysis and remediation, p. 4517-4554.","productDescription":"38 p.","startPage":"4517","endPage":"4554","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357167,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98deb1e4b0702d0e84870e","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Meyers, Robert A.","contributorId":206476,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meyers","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744627,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Chiou, C. T.","contributorId":97080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chiou","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70198598,"text":"70198598 - 1998 - Predictive double-layer modeling of metal sorption in mine-drainage systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-13T10:23:06","indexId":"70198598","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T09:31:27","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Predictive double-layer modeling of metal sorption in mine-drainage systems","docAbstract":"<p><span>Previous comparison of predictive double-layer modeling and empirically derived metal-partitioning data has validated the use of the double-layer model to predict metal sorption reactions in iron-rich mine-drainage systems. The double-layer model subsequently has been used to model data collected from several mine-drainage sites in Colorado with diverse geochemistry and geology. This work demonstrates that metal partitioning between dissolved and sediment phases can be predictively modeled simply by knowing the water chemistry and the amount of suspended iron-rich particulates present in the system. Sorption on such iron-rich suspended sediments appears to control metal and arsenic partitioning between dissolved and sediment phases, with sorption on bed sediment playing a limited role. At pH &gt; 5, Pb and As are largely sorbed by iron-rich suspended sediments and Cu is partially sorbed; Zn, Cd, and Ni usually remain dissolved throughout the pH range of 3 to 8.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Adsorption of metals by geomedia: Variables, mechanisms, and model applications","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/B978-0-12-384245-9.X5000-2","usgsCitation":"Smith, K., Ranville, J., and Macalady, D., 1998, Predictive double-layer modeling of metal sorption in mine-drainage systems, chap. <i>of</i> Adsorption of metals by geomedia: Variables, mechanisms, and model applications, p. 521-547, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-384245-9.X5000-2.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"521","endPage":"547","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356373,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98deb1e4b0702d0e848710","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Jenne, E. A.","contributorId":45716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenne","given":"E. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742274,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Smith, K. S. 0000-0001-8547-9804","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8547-9804","contributorId":47779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"K. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ranville, J. F.","contributorId":54245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ranville","given":"J. F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Macalady, D.L.","contributorId":76468,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Macalady","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70199194,"text":"70199194 - 1998 - Fundamentals of isotope geochemistry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-10T09:19:57","indexId":"70199194","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T09:18:15","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"2","title":"Fundamentals of isotope geochemistry","docAbstract":"<p><span>The dominant use of isotopes in catchment research in the last few decades has been to trace sources of waters and solutes. Generally, such data were evaluated with simple mixing models to determine how much was derived from either of the two (sometimes three) constant-composition sources. This chapter illustrates the environmental isotopes that are natural and anthropogenic isotopes whose wide distribution in the hydrosphere can assist in the solution of hydrogeochemical problems. Water isotopes often provide unambiguous information about residence times and relative contributions from different water sources, and these data can then be used to make hypotheses about water flowpaths. Solute isotopes can provide an alternative, independent isotopic method for determining the relative amounts of water flowing along various subsurface flowpaths. The isotopic and chemical compositions provides very detailed information about sources and reactions in shallow systems This integration of chemical and isotopic data with complex hydrologic models constitutes an important frontier of catchment research.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Isotope tracers in catchment hydrology","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/B978-0-444-81546-0.50009-4","usgsCitation":"Kendall, C., and Caldwell, E.A., 1998, Fundamentals of isotope geochemistry, chap. 2 <i>of</i> Isotope tracers in catchment hydrology, p. 51-86, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-81546-0.50009-4.","productDescription":"36 p.","startPage":"51","endPage":"86","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357163,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98deb1e4b0702d0e848712","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kendall, Carol 0000-0002-0247-3405 ckendall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0247-3405","contributorId":1462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"Carol","email":"ckendall@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":744624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Caldwell, Eric A.","contributorId":207757,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Caldwell","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70198492,"text":"70198492 - 1998 - Use of 13C NMR and FTIR for elucidation of degradation pathways during natural litter decomposition and compositing. III. Characterization of leachate from different types of leaves","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-13T09:27:06","indexId":"70198492","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T08:51:23","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Use of 13C NMR and FTIR for elucidation of degradation pathways during natural litter decomposition and compositing. III. Characterization of leachate from different types of leaves","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Humic substances structures, properties, and uses","language":"English","publisher":"Royal Science of Chemistry","publisherLocation":"Cambridge, England","usgsCitation":"Wershaw, R.L., Leenheer, J., and Kennedy, K.R., 1998, Use of 13C NMR and FTIR for elucidation of degradation pathways during natural litter decomposition and compositing. III. Characterization of leachate from different types of leaves, chap. <i>of</i> Humic substances structures, properties, and uses, p. 47-60.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"47","endPage":"60","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356247,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98deb2e4b0702d0e848714","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Davis, G.","contributorId":17343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742233,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ghabbour, E.A.","contributorId":206940,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ghabbour","given":"E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742234,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Wershaw, Robert L. rwershaw@usgs.gov","contributorId":4856,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wershaw","given":"Robert","email":"rwershaw@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":741666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leenheer, J. A.","contributorId":195371,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leenheer","given":"J. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kennedy, K. R.","contributorId":66267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70199895,"text":"70199895 - 1998 - Isotopes as indicators of environmental change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-03T08:12:07","indexId":"70199895","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T08:03:23","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"22","title":"Isotopes as indicators of environmental change","docAbstract":"<p><span>In addition to providing an understanding of processes within a catchment system, isotopic techniques have been instrumental in providing reconstructions of catchment climate and other environmental indicators at various time scales. Many recent changes are a direct consequence of anthropogenic activities. Isotopic analysis serves as a valuable tool for distinguishing between natural variations in long-term climatic patterns and anthropogenic effects, yielding improved understanding of natural feedback mechanisms and the development of realistic remediation strategies. This chapter discusses the examples of isotopic techniques that have been applied to understand several types of ongoing and recent environmental changes, and in paleo-environmental studies. It discusses isotope geochemistry, hydrology, and climatology to look at new ways of applying isotopic tracing techniques to provide information on environmental change. It also gives an overview on how isotopic indicators are being applied in investigations of environmental change in continental settings.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Isotope tracers in catchment hydrology","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/B978-0-444-81546-0.50029-X","usgsCitation":"Shanley, J.B., Pendall, E., Kendall, C., Stevens, L.R., Michel, R.L., Phillips, P.J., Forester, R., Naftz, D.L., Liu, B., Stern, L., Wolfe, B.B., Chamberlain, C.P., Leavitt, S.W., Heaton, T.H., Mayer, B., Cecil, L.D., Lyons, W.B., Katz, B.G., Betancourt, J.L., McKnight, D.M., Blum, J.D., Edwards, T.W., House, H.R., Ito, E., Aravena, R.O., and Whelan, J.F., 1998, Isotopes as indicators of environmental change, chap. 22 <i>of</i> Isotope tracers in catchment hydrology, p. 761-816, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-81546-0.50029-X.","productDescription":"56 p.","startPage":"761","endPage":"816","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":358051,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c1102cce4b034bf6a80a338","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shanley, James B. 0000-0002-4234-3437 jshanley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4234-3437","contributorId":1953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shanley","given":"James","email":"jshanley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":747160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pendall, Elise","contributorId":6637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pendall","given":"Elise","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":747161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kendall, Carol 0000-0002-0247-3405 ckendall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0247-3405","contributorId":1462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"Carol","email":"ckendall@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":747162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stevens, Lora R.","contributorId":34059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stevens","given":"Lora","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":747163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Michel, Robert L. rlmichel@usgs.gov","contributorId":823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michel","given":"Robert","email":"rlmichel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":148,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Western Region","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":747164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Phillips, Patrick J. 0000-0001-5915-2015 pjphilli@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5915-2015","contributorId":172757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"Patrick","email":"pjphilli@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":747165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Forester, Richard","contributorId":59523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Forester","given":"Richard","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":747166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Naftz, David L. 0000-0003-1130-6892 dlnaftz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1130-6892","contributorId":1041,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naftz","given":"David","email":"dlnaftz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":747167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Liu, Beiling","contributorId":208426,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liu","given":"Beiling","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":747168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Stern, Libby","contributorId":208427,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stern","given":"Libby","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":747169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Wolfe, Brent B.","contributorId":172516,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wolfe","given":"Brent","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":747170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Chamberlain, C. Page","contributorId":194322,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chamberlain","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"Page","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":747171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Leavitt, Steven W.","contributorId":77312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leavitt","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":747172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Heaton, T. H.","contributorId":64671,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Heaton","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":747173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Mayer, Bernhard","contributorId":94972,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mayer","given":"Bernhard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":747174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Cecil, L. DeWayne","contributorId":72828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cecil","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"DeWayne","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":747175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Lyons, W. Berry","contributorId":193456,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lyons","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Berry","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":747176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Katz, Brian G. bkatz@usgs.gov","contributorId":1093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Katz","given":"Brian","email":"bkatz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":747177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Betancourt, Julio L. 0000-0002-7165-0743 jlbetanc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7165-0743","contributorId":3376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Betancourt","given":"Julio","email":"jlbetanc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":554,"text":"Science and Decisions Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":747178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"McKnight, Diane M.","contributorId":59773,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKnight","given":"Diane","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":16833,"text":"INSTAAR, University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":747179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Blum, Joel D.","contributorId":83657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blum","given":"Joel","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":747180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Edwards, Thomas W.D. 0000-0002-0773-0909 tce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0773-0909","contributorId":195384,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Edwards","given":"Thomas","email":"tce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":747181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22},{"text":"House, Harold R. hrhouse@usgs.gov","contributorId":4319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"House","given":"Harold","email":"hrhouse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":747182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23},{"text":"Ito, Emi","contributorId":208428,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ito","given":"Emi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":747183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":24},{"text":"Aravena, Ramon O.","contributorId":173074,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Aravena","given":"Ramon","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":747184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":25},{"text":"Whelan, Joseph F.","contributorId":29792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whelan","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":747185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":26}]}}
,{"id":70198535,"text":"70198535 - 1998 - Using transport model interpretations of tracer tests to study microbial processes in groundwater","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-13T09:58:25","indexId":"70198535","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T08:01:21","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Using transport model interpretations of tracer tests to study microbial processes in groundwater","docAbstract":"<p><span>It has long been known that microorganisms affect the geochemistry of groundwater. But despite this recognition, little detailed information is available regarding the rates and the factors controlling microbial processes in groundwater. Part of the reason stems from the relatively inaccessible nature of most groundwater and the difficulties encountered in obtaining representative samples of groundwater and subsurface sediments. At the same time, most groundwater systems are nutrient poor or oligotrophic environments in which the resident microorganisms are severely stressed and often nearly inactive. These populations are functioning so slowly that many types of activity measurements designed to assess microbial processes in more productive environments are ineffective for groundwater. However, because groundwater is by far the largest reservoir of freshwater in the world (</span><span class=\"CitationRef\"><a title=\"View reference\" href=\"https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4615-4078-6_5#CR13\" aria-pressed=\"false\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" aria-controls=\"popup-references\" data-mce-href=\"https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4615-4078-6_5#CR13\">Freeze and Cherry 1979</a></span><span>), our lack of knowledge about groundwater microorganisms and their processes represents a significant void in the study of microbial ecology and in our ability to predict the outcome when these reserves are compromised by contamination.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mathematical modeling in microbial ecology","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4615-4078-6_5","usgsCitation":"Smith, R.L., and Garabedian, S.P., 1998, Using transport model interpretations of tracer tests to study microbial processes in groundwater, chap. <i>of</i> Mathematical modeling in microbial ecology, p. 94-123, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4078-6_5.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"94","endPage":"123","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356263,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98deb2e4b0702d0e848716","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Richard L. 0000-0002-3829-0125 rlsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3829-0125","contributorId":1592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Richard","email":"rlsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":38175,"text":"Toxics Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":741817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garabedian, Stephen P.","contributorId":91090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garabedian","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70175181,"text":"70175181 - 1998 - Trace element trophic transfer in aquatic organisms: A critique of the kinetic model approach","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-04T07:36:08","indexId":"70175181","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trace element trophic transfer in aquatic organisms: A critique of the kinetic model approach","docAbstract":"<p><span>The bioaccumulation of trace elements in aquatic organisms can be described with a kinetic model that includes linear expressions for uptake and elimination from dissolved and dietary sources. Within this model, trace element trophic transfer is described by four parameters: the weight-specific ingestion rate (IR); the assimilation efficiency (AE); the physiological loss rate constant (</span><i>k<sub>e</sub></i><span>); and the weight-specific growth rate (</span><i>g</i><span>). These four parameters define the trace element trophic transfer potential (TTP=IR&middot;AE/[</span><i>k<sub>e</sub></i><span>+</span><i>g</i><span>]) which is equal to the ratio of the steady-state trace element concentration in a consumer due to trophic accumulation to that in its prey. Recent work devoted to the quantification of AE and&nbsp;</span><i>k<sub>e</sub></i><span>&nbsp;for a variety of trace elements in aquatic invertebrates has provided the data needed for comparative studies of trace element trophic transfer among different species and trophic levels and, in at least one group of aquatic consumers (marine bivalves), sensitivity analyses and field tests of kinetic bioaccumulation models. Analysis of the trophic transfer potentials of trace elements for which data are available in zooplankton, bivalves, and fish, suggests that slight variations in assimilation efficiency or elimination rate constant may determine whether or not some trace elements (Cd, Se, and Zn) are biomagnified. A linear, single-compartment model may not be appropriate for fish which, unlike many aquatic invertebrates, have a large mass of tissue in which the concentrations of most trace elements are subject to feedback regulation.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0048-9697(98)00225-3","usgsCitation":"Reinfelder, J., Fisher, N., Luoma, S.N., Nichols, J., and Wang, W., 1998, Trace element trophic transfer in aquatic organisms: A critique of the kinetic model approach: Science of the Total Environment, v. 213, no. 2-3, p. 117-135, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(98)00225-3.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"117","endPage":"135","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325904,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"213","issue":"2-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57a1c434e4b006cb45552c58","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reinfelder, J.R.","contributorId":62760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reinfelder","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fisher, N.S.","contributorId":67668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"N.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Luoma, S. N.","contributorId":120222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luoma","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nichols, J.W.","contributorId":97290,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wang, W.-X.","contributorId":90477,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"W.-X.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70174285,"text":"70174285 - 1998 - Results from the hydrodynamic element of the 1994 entrapment zone study in Suisun Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-08T13:10:18","indexId":"70174285","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"seriesNumber":"56","title":"Results from the hydrodynamic element of the 1994 entrapment zone study in Suisun Bay","docAbstract":"<p>The entrapment zo as long been considered an important region of the San Francisco estuary. It has been the subject of several previous studies, and its location has been suggested as an index of condition of the estuarine ecosystem.A close correlate of this location, X2 1, is now used as a management objective on the basis that X2 is correlated with the abundance or survival of several estuarine-dependent species. X2 is a crude tool to use for this purpose, but it can be refined only through improved understanding of the various mechanisms underlying these correlations. These mechanisms probably differ among species, but for species resident in and near the entrapment zone, the correlation with X2 may be due to variations in intenSity oftrapping mechanisms with pOSition of the entrapment zone. Therefore, it is worthwhile to investigate these trapping mechanisms, the nature of the entrapment zone as habitat, and the responses of the entrapment zone to changes in X2 or outflow from the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta. Studies ofthe entrapment zone ofthe San Francisco estuary have been conducted in springs of 1994, 1995, and 1996. These studies have been funded by the Interagency Ecological Program and conducted by scientists from IEP member agencies, the Romberg Tiburon Center for Environmental Studies, Bodega Marine Laboratory, and the University of California at Santa Cruz. This report presents results from 1994, a low-flow year. Subsequent reports will describe results from 1995 and 1996 and highlight differences among years. This report is organized in chapters that comprise more-or-Iess independent papers, with an introductory chapter for the entire study. This Executive Summary presents highlights of the overall study plan and summarizes the major findings.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Interagency Ecological Program for the Sacramento–San Joaquin Estuary","usgsCitation":"Burau, J., Gartner, J.W., and Stacey, M., 1998, Results from the hydrodynamic element of the 1994 entrapment zone study in Suisun Bay, 43 p.","productDescription":"43 p.","startPage":"13","endPage":"55","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324795,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":324794,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.water.ca.gov/iep/docs/tech_rpts/TR56.NoTitlePage.Report%20of%20the%201994%20Entrapment%20Zone%20Study.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Suisun Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.13226318359375,\n              38.05025395161286\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.08007812499999,\n              38.11078875872392\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.06222534179688,\n              38.1334763895322\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.02377319335938,\n              38.1442775452969\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.981201171875,\n              38.136716904135376\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.96884155273436,\n              38.098901948321256\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.915283203125,\n              38.08701320402273\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.89331054687499,\n              38.07404145941957\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.95373535156249,\n              38.04052046968825\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.04574584960938,\n              38.048091067457236\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.12127685546875,\n              38.031867399480674\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.13226318359375,\n              38.05025395161286\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"577f7d32e4b0ef4d2f45fac2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burau, J.R. 0000-0002-5196-5035","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5196-5035","contributorId":7307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burau","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gartner, J. W.","contributorId":81903,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gartner","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stacey, M.","contributorId":65685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stacey","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70185269,"text":"70185269 - 1998 - Biodegradation of crude oil into nonvolatile organic acids in a contaminated aquifer near Bemidji, Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-17T11:59:09","indexId":"70185269","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2958,"text":"Organic Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Biodegradation of crude oil into nonvolatile organic acids in a contaminated aquifer near Bemidji, Minnesota","docAbstract":"<p><span>As the result of a pipeline burst, a body of light aliphatic crude oil floats atop the groundwater in a shallow sand and gravel aquifer in a remote area outside Bemidji, Minnesota. Biodegradation has resulted in the formation of a plume of DOC downgradient from the oil body. Groundwater has also been contaminated in an area known as the spray zone, from vertical infiltration of DOC resulting from biodegradation of crude oil in the overlying unsaturated zone. The majority of DOC in the contaminated groundwater is in the form of nonvolatile organic acids (NVOA's) which represent the partial oxidation products of the crude oil constituents. The NVOA's have been classified into three fractions according to their isolation on XAD resins: hydrophobic neutrals (HPO-N), hydrophobic acids (HPO-A) and hydrophilic acids (HPI-A). These fractions of NVOA's were isolated from a well downgradient from the oil body (well 530; DOC=21&nbsp;mg C/l), from a well in the spray zone (well 603; DOC=15&nbsp;mg C/l) and from an uncontaminated well upgradient of the oil body where the naturally occurring DOC is 2.9&nbsp;mg C/l (well 310). The three sets of NVOA's were characterized by elemental analyses, molecular weight determinations, </span><sup>14</sup><span>C ages and liquid phase </span><sup>1</sup><span>H and </span><sup>13</sup><span>C NMR. The crude oil and the saturate, aromatic, resin and asphaltene fractions of the crude oil were similarly analyzed by elemental analysis and NMR. The NVOA's from the contaminated wells were clearly distinguishable from the naturally occurring groundwater DOC. Based upon molecular weights, sulfur contents, aromaticities and the presence of methyl groups bonded to aromatic rings, the characterization data suggests that the NVOA's originate from the C</span><sub>18</sub><span> or greater alkylaromatic, naphthenoaromatic and sulfur-containing constituents of the crude oil, including possibly the resins and asphaltenes.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0146-6380(98)00167-3","usgsCitation":"Thorn, K.A., and Aiken, G., 1998, Biodegradation of crude oil into nonvolatile organic acids in a contaminated aquifer near Bemidji, Minnesota: Organic Geochemistry, v. 29, no. 4, p. 909-931, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0146-6380(98)00167-3.","productDescription":"23 p. ","startPage":"909","endPage":"931","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337806,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","city":"Bemidji ","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -94.998779296875,\n              47.342545069660225\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.6966552734375,\n              47.342545069660225\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.6966552734375,\n              47.589494110887394\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.998779296875,\n              47.589494110887394\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.998779296875,\n              47.342545069660225\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"29","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ccf59fe4b0849ce97f0cf6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thorn, K. A.","contributorId":33294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thorn","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aiken, G. R. 0000-0001-8454-0984","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8454-0984","contributorId":14452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aiken","given":"G. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70185265,"text":"70185265 - 1998 - Suitability of parametric models to describe the hydraulic properties of an unsaturated coarse sand and gravel","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-17T11:27:46","indexId":"70185265","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Suitability of parametric models to describe the hydraulic properties of an unsaturated coarse sand and gravel","docAbstract":"<p><span>The performance of parametric models used to describe soil water retention (SWR) properties and predict unsaturated hydraulic conductivity (K) as a function of volumetric water content (θ) is examined using SWR and K(θ) data for coarse sand and gravel sediments. Six 70 cm long, 10 cm diameter cores of glacial outwash were instrumented at eight depths with porous cup ten-siometers and time domain reflectometry probes to measure soil water pressure head (h) and θ, respectively, for seven unsaturated and one saturated steady-state flow conditions. Forty-two θ(h) and K(θ) relationships were measured from the infiltration tests on the cores. Of the four SWR models compared in the analysis, the van Genuchten (1980) equation with parameters m and n restricted according to the Mualem (m = 1 - 1/n) criterion is best suited to describe the θ(h) relationships. The accuracy of two models that predict K(θ) using parameter values derived from the SWR models was also evaluated. The model developed by van Genuchten (1980) based on the theoretical expression of Mualem (1976) predicted K(θ) more accurately than the van Genuchten (1980) model based on the theory of Burdine (1953). A sensitivity analysis shows that more accurate predictions of K(θ) are achieved using SWR model parameters derived with residual water content (θ</span><sub>r</sub><span>) specified according to independent measurements of θ at values of h where θ/h ∼ 0 rather than model-fit θ</span><sub>r</sub><span> values. The accuracy of the model K(θ) function improves markedly when at least one value of unsaturated K is used to scale the K(θ) function predicted using the saturated K. The results of this investigation indicate that the hydraulic properties of coarse-grained sediments can be accurately described using the parametric models. In addition, data collection efforts should focus on measuring at least one value of unsaturated hydraulic conductivity and as complete a set of SWR data as possible, particularly in the dry range.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1998.tb02818.x","usgsCitation":"Mace, A., Rudolph, D.L., and Kachanoski, R.G., 1998, Suitability of parametric models to describe the hydraulic properties of an unsaturated coarse sand and gravel: Groundwater, v. 36, no. 3, p. 465-475, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1998.tb02818.x.","productDescription":"11 p. ","startPage":"465","endPage":"475","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337801,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-12-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ccf59fe4b0849ce97f0cf8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mace, Andy","contributorId":189473,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mace","given":"Andy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rudolph, David L.","contributorId":189474,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rudolph","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kachanoski, R. Gary","contributorId":189475,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kachanoski","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"Gary","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70185696,"text":"70185696 - 1998 - Feldspars as a source of nutrients for microorganisms","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-04T07:38:37","indexId":"70185696","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":738,"text":"American Mineralogist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Feldspars as a source of nutrients for microorganisms","docAbstract":"<p>Phosphorus and nitrogen are essential macronutrients necessary for the survival of virtually all living organisms. In groundwater systems, these nutrients can be quite scarce and can represent limiting elements for growth of subsurface microorganisms. In this study we examined silicate sources of these elements by characterizing the colonization and weathering of feldspars in situ using field microcosms. We found that in carbon-rich anoxic groundwaters where P and N are scarce, feldspars that contain inclusions of P-minerals such as apatite are preferentially colonized over similar feldspars without P. A microcline from S. Dakota, which contains 0.24% P2O5 but ,1 mmol/ g NH , was heavily colonized 1 4 and deeply weathered. A similar microcline from Ontario, which has no detectable P or NH , was barren of attached organisms and completely unweathered after one year. An- 1 4 orthoclase (0.28% P2O5, ;1 mmol/g NH ) was very heavily colonized and weathered, 1 4 whereas plagioclase specimens (,0.01% P, ,1 mmmol/g NH ) were uncolonized and 1 4 unweathered. In addition, the observed weathering rates are faster than expected based on laboratory rates. We propose that this system is particularly sensitive to the availability of P, and the native subsurface microorganisms have developed biochemical strategies to aggressively scavenge P (or some other essential nutrient such as Fe31 ) from resistant feldspars. The result of this interaction is that only minerals containing P will be signifi- cantly colonized, and these feldspars will be preferentially destroyed, as the subsurface microbial community scavenges a limiting nutrient.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"GeoScienceWorld ","doi":"10.2138/am-1998-11-1241","usgsCitation":"Rogers, J., Bennett, P., and Choi, W., 1998, Feldspars as a source of nutrients for microorganisms: American Mineralogist, v. 83, p. 1532-1540, https://doi.org/10.2138/am-1998-11-1241.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1532","endPage":"1540","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338423,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"83","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1998-12-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58da253be4b0543bf7fda86d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rogers, J.R.","contributorId":189897,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rogers","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bennett, P.C.","contributorId":24357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"P.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Choi, W.J.","contributorId":189896,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Choi","given":"W.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70185511,"text":"70185511 - 1998 - Satellite telemetry: A new tool for wildlife research and management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-25T13:59:35.120075","indexId":"70185511","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":79,"text":"Resource Publication","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"172","title":"Satellite telemetry: A new tool for wildlife research and management","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the Alaska Department of Fish and Game have cooperated since 1984 to develop and evaluate satellite telemetry as a means of overcoming the high costs and logistical problems of conventional VHF (very high frequency) radiotelemetry systems. Detailed locational and behavioral data on caribou (<i>Rangifer tarandus</i>), polar bears (<i>Ursus maritimus</i>), and other large mammals in Alaska have been obtained using the Argos Data Collection and Location System (DCLS). The Argos system, a cooperative project of the Centre National d'Études Spatiales of France, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, is designed to acquire environmental data on a routine basis from anywhere on earth. Transmitters weighing 1.6-2.0 kg and functioning approximately 12-18 months operated on a frequency of 401.650 MHz. Signals from the transmitters were received by Argos DCLS instruments aboard two Tiros-N weather satellites in sun-synchronous, nearpolar orbits. Data from the satellites were received at tracking stations, transferred to processing centers in Maryland and France, and made available to users via computer tape, printouts, or telephone links.</p><p>During 1985 and 1986, more than 25,000 locations and an additional 28,000 sets of sensor data (transmitter temperature and short-term and long-term indices of animal activity) were acquired for caribou and polar bears. Locations were calculated from the Doppler shift in the transmitted signal as the satellite approached and then moved away from the transmitter. The mean locational error for transmitters at known locations (n - 1,265) was 829 m; 90% of the calculated locations were within 1,700 m of the true location. Caribou transmitters provided a mean of 3.1 (+5.0. SD) locations per day during 6h of daily operation, and polar bear transmitters provided 1.7 (+6.9SD) locations during 12h of operation every third day. During the first 6 months of operation, the UHF (ultra-high frequency) signal failed on three of 32 caribou transmitters and 10 of 36 polar bear transmitters.</p><p>A geographic information system (GIS) incorporating other databases (e.g., land cover, elevation, slope, aspect, hydrology, ice distribution) was used to analyze and display detailed locational and behavioral data collected via satellite. Examples of GIS applications to research projects using satellite telemetry and examples of detailed movement patterns of caribou and polar bears are presented. This report includes documentation for computer software packages for processing Argos data and presents developments, as of March 1987, in transmitter design, data retrieval using a local user terminal, computer software, and sensor development and calibration.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Fancy, S.G., Pank, L.F., Douglas, D.C., Curby, C.H., Garner, G.W., Amstrup, S.C., and Regelin, W.L., 1998, Satellite telemetry: A new tool for wildlife research and management: Resource Publication 172, 54 p.","productDescription":"54 p.","numberOfPages":"61","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338146,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":382535,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://ecos.fws.gov/ServCat/DownloadFile/105285","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d38d3be4b0236b68f98eec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fancy, Steven G.","contributorId":176135,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fancy","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pank, Larry F.","contributorId":82767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pank","given":"Larry","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Douglas, David C. 0000-0003-0186-1104 ddouglas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0186-1104","contributorId":2388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Douglas","given":"David","email":"ddouglas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":685819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Curby, Catherine H.","contributorId":189722,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Curby","given":"Catherine","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Garner, Gerald W.","contributorId":149918,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garner","given":"Gerald","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":13117,"text":"Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":685821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Amstrup, Steven C.","contributorId":67034,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amstrup","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13182,"text":"Polar Bears International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":685822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Regelin, Wayne L.","contributorId":111763,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Regelin","given":"Wayne","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70021334,"text":"70021334 - 1998 - Hydrology of prairie pothole wetlands during drought and deluge: A 17-year study of the Cottonwood Lake wetland complex in North Dakota in the perspective of longer term measured and proxy hydrological records","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:50","indexId":"70021334","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1252,"text":"Climatic Change","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrology of prairie pothole wetlands during drought and deluge: A 17-year study of the Cottonwood Lake wetland complex in North Dakota in the perspective of longer term measured and proxy hydrological records","docAbstract":"From 1988 to 1992 the north-central plains of North America had a drought that was followed by a wet period that continues to the present (1997). Data on the hydrology of the Cottonwood Lake area (CWLA) collected for nearly 10 years before, and during, the recent dry and wet periods indicate that some prairie pothole wetlands served only a recharge function under all climate conditions. Transpiration from groundwater around the perimeter of groundwater discharge wetlands drew water from the wetlands by the end of summer, even during very wet years. Long-term records of a climate index (Palmer Drought Severity Index), stream discharge (Pembina River), and lake level (Devils Lake) were used to put the 17-year CWLA record into a longer term perspective. In addition, proxy records of climate determined from fossils in the sediments of Devils Lake were also used. These data indicate that the drought of 1988-92 may have been the second worst of the 20th century, but that droughts of that magnitude, and worse, were common during the past 500 years. In contrast, the present wet period may be the wettest it has been during the past 130 years, or possibly the past 500 years.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Climatic Change","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1023/A:1005448416571","issn":"01650009","usgsCitation":"Winter, T.C., and Rosenberry, D., 1998, Hydrology of prairie pothole wetlands during drought and deluge: A 17-year study of the Cottonwood Lake wetland complex in North Dakota in the perspective of longer term measured and proxy hydrological records: Climatic Change, v. 40, no. 2, p. 189-209, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005448416571.","startPage":"189","endPage":"209","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":206525,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005448416571"},{"id":230106,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"40","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3733e4b0c8380cd60ce1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Winter, T. C.","contributorId":23485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winter","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rosenberry, D.O. 0000-0003-0681-5641","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-5641","contributorId":38500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberry","given":"D.O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":389508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70021415,"text":"70021415 - 1998 - Evaluation of microtiter-plate enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the analysis of triazine and chloroacetanilide herbicides in rainfall","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-04T09:37:03","indexId":"70021415","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of microtiter-plate enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the analysis of triazine and chloroacetanilide herbicides in rainfall","docAbstract":"<div class=\"hlFld-Abstract\"><div id=\"abstractBox\"><p class=\"articleBody_abstractText\">Triazine and chloroacetanilide concentrations in rainfall samples collected from a 23-state region of the United States were analyzed with microtiter-plate enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Thirty-six percent of rainfall samples (2072 out of 5691) were confirmed using gas chro matography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) to evaluate the operating performance of ELISA as a screening test. Comparison of ELISA to GC/MS results showed that the two ELISA methods accurately reported GC/MS results (<i>m</i><span>&nbsp;</span>= 1), but with more variability evident with the triazine than with the chloroacetanilide ELISA. Bayes's rule, a standardized method to report the results of screening tests, indicated that the two ELISA methods yielded comparable predictive values (80%), but the triazine ELISA yielded a false-positive rate of 11.8% and the chloroacetanilide ELISA yielded a false-negative rate of 23.1%. The false-positive rate for the triazine ELISA may arise from cross reactivity with an unknown triazine or metabolite. The false-negative rate of the chloroacetanilide ELISA probably resulted from a combination of low sensitivity at the reporting limit of 0.15 μg/L and a distribution characterized by 75% of the samples at or below the reporting limit of 0.15 μg/L.</p></div></div><div class=\"hlFld-Fulltext\"><br data-mce-bogus=\"1\"></div>","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es970462l","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Pomes, M., Thurman, E., Aga, D., and Goolsby, D.A., 1998, Evaluation of microtiter-plate enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the analysis of triazine and chloroacetanilide herbicides in rainfall: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 32, no. 1, p. 163-168, https://doi.org/10.1021/es970462l.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"163","endPage":"168","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":230152,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":206537,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es970462l"}],"volume":"32","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0c99e4b0c8380cd52c00","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pomes, M.L.","contributorId":84393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pomes","given":"M.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thurman, E.M.","contributorId":102864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thurman","given":"E.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Aga, D.S.","contributorId":18521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aga","given":"D.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Goolsby, D. A.","contributorId":50508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goolsby","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70175687,"text":"70175687 - 1998 - Coupled atmosphere-terrestrial ecosystem-hydrology models for environmental modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-21T16:00:34","indexId":"70175687","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"title":"Coupled atmosphere-terrestrial ecosystem-hydrology models for environmental modeling","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Colorado State University","publisherLocation":"Fort Collins, CO","usgsCitation":"Walko, R.L., Band, L., Baron, J., Kittel, T.G., Lammers, R., Lee, T.J., Pielke, R., Taylor, C., Tague, C., Tremback, C., and Vidale, P., 1998, Coupled atmosphere-terrestrial ecosystem-hydrology models for environmental modeling, 46 p.","productDescription":"46 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326792,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57b6dc4de4b03fd6b7d94c28","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walko, R. L.","contributorId":25521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walko","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Band, L.E.","contributorId":70342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Band","given":"L.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baron, Jill 0000-0002-5902-6251 jill_baron@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5902-6251","contributorId":194124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baron","given":"Jill","email":"jill_baron@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":646057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kittel, Timothy G.F.","contributorId":66612,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kittel","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"G.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lammers, R.","contributorId":46904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lammers","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lee, T. J.","contributorId":26234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Pielke, R.A. Sr.","contributorId":96224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pielke","given":"R.A.","suffix":"Sr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Taylor, C.","contributorId":73958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Tague, C.","contributorId":13579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tague","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Tremback, C.J.","contributorId":52530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tremback","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Vidale, P.L.","contributorId":35690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vidale","given":"P.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":70021416,"text":"70021416 - 1998 - Rapid-estimation method for assessing scour at highway bridges","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:51","indexId":"70021416","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Rapid-estimation method for assessing scour at highway bridges","docAbstract":"A method was developed by the U.S. Geological Survey for rapid estimation of scour at highway bridges using limited site data and analytical procedures to estimate pier, abutment, and contraction scour depths. The basis for the method was a procedure recommended by the Federal Highway Administration for conducting detailed scour investigations, commonly referred to as the Level 2 method. Using pier, abutment, and contraction scour results obtained from Level 2 investigations at 122 sites in 10 States, envelope curves and graphical relations were developed that enable determination of scour-depth estimates at most bridge sites in a matter of a few hours. Rather than using complex hydraulic variables, surrogate variables more easily obtained in the field were related to calculated scour-depth data from Level 2 studies. The method was tested by having several experienced individuals apply the method in the field, and results were compared among the individuals and with previous detailed analyses performed for the sites. Results indicated that the variability in predicted scour depth among individuals applying the method generally was within an acceptable range, and that conservatively greater scour depths generally were obtained by the rapid-estimation method compared to the Level 2 method. The rapid-estimation method is considered most applicable for conducting limited-detail scour assessments and as a screening tool to determine those bridge sites that may require more detailed analysis. The method is designed to be applied only by a qualified professional possessing knowledge and experience in the fields of bridge scour, hydraulics, and flood hydrology, and having specific expertise with the Level 2 method.","largerWorkTitle":"International Water Resources Engineering Conference - Proceedings","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the 1998 International Water Resources Engineering Conference. Part 2 (of 2)","conferenceDate":"3 August 1998 through 7 August 1998","conferenceLocation":"Memphis, TN, USA","language":"English","publisher":"ASCE","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA, United States","usgsCitation":"Holnbeck, S.R., 1998, Rapid-estimation method for assessing scour at highway bridges, <i>in</i> International Water Resources Engineering Conference - Proceedings, v. 1, Memphis, TN, USA, 3 August 1998 through 7 August 1998, p. 222-227.","startPage":"222","endPage":"227","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":230153,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9507e4b0c8380cd81776","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holnbeck, Stephen R. 0000-0001-7313-9298 holnbeck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7313-9298","contributorId":1724,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holnbeck","given":"Stephen","email":"holnbeck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":389796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70021343,"text":"70021343 - 1998 - Tidal creek changes at the Sonoma Baylands restoration site","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:50","indexId":"70021343","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Tidal creek changes at the Sonoma Baylands restoration site","docAbstract":"Over the past 150 years, human activity has had a major impact on tidal wetlands adjoining the San Francisco Bay-Delta estuary Growing concern about the effect of this change on the ecology of the estuary has prompted Bay area managers to attempt to reclaim tidal wetlands. The Sonoma Baylands Restoration Project is designed to use dredge material to convert 348 acres from farmland to wetland. This paper describes changes to a tidal creek that flows from that restoration site to San Pablo Bay (north San Francisco Bay) through an existing tidal wetland during different phases of the project. Hydrologic measurements near the bottom of the creek and cross-creek profiles show how the creek responded to non-tidal flow conditions introduced by filling the site with dredge materials. At the time of this study, the creek had deepened by approximately 40 cm but had not widened.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Conference on California and the World Ocean","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the 1997 Conference on California and the World Ocean. Part 1 (of 2)","conferenceDate":"24 March 1997 through 27 March 1997","conferenceLocation":"San Diego, CA, USA","language":"English","publisher":"ASCE","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA, United States","usgsCitation":"Dingler, J.R., and Cacchione, D.A., 1998, Tidal creek changes at the Sonoma Baylands restoration site, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the Conference on California and the World Ocean, v. 2, San Diego, CA, USA, 24 March 1997 through 27 March 1997.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":230265,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb370e4b08c986b325da1","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Magoon O.T.Converse H.Baird B.Miller-Henson M.","contributorId":128343,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Magoon O.T.Converse H.Baird B.Miller-Henson M.","id":536471,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Dingler, John R.","contributorId":55795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dingler","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cacchione, David A.","contributorId":37327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cacchione","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70020852,"text":"70020852 - 1998 - Analysis of transient storage subject to unsteady flow: Diel flow variation in an Antarctic stream","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-04T10:09:14","indexId":"70020852","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2564,"text":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","onlineIssn":"1937-237X","printIssn":"0887-3593","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Analysis of transient storage subject to unsteady flow: Diel flow variation in an Antarctic stream","docAbstract":"<div class=\"hlFld-Abstract\"><div class=\"abstractSection abstractInFull\"><p class=\"first last\">Transport of dissolved material in streams and small rivers may be characterized using tracer-dilution methods and solute transport models. Recent studies have quantified stream/substream interactions using models of transient storage. These studies are based on tracer-dilution data obtained during periods of steady flow. We present a modeling framework for the analysis of transient storage in stream systems with unsteady flows. The framework couples a kinematic wave routing model with a solute transport model that includes transient storage. The routing model provides time-varying flows and cross-sectional areas that are used as input to the solute transport model. The modeling framework was used to quantify stream/substream interaction in Huey Creek, an Antarctic stream fed exclusively by glacial meltwater. Analysis of tracer-dilution data indicates that there was substantial interaction between the flowing surface water and the hyporheic (substream) zone. The ratio of storage zone area to stream cross-sectional area (A&lt;sub&gt;s&lt;/sub&gt;/A) was &gt;1 in all stream reaches, indicating that the substream area contributing to hyporheic exchange was large relative to stream cross-sectional area. The rate of exchange, as governed by the transient storage exchange coefficient (α), was rapid because of a high stream gradient and porous alluvial materials. Estimates of α generally exceed those determined for other small streams. The high degree of hyporheic exchange supports the hypothesis that weathering reactions within the hyporheos account for observed increases in solute concentration with stream length, as noted in other studies of Antarctic streams.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"University of Chicago Press","doi":"10.2307/1467958","issn":"08873593","usgsCitation":"Runkel, R., McKnight, D.M., and Andrews, E., 1998, Analysis of transient storage subject to unsteady flow: Diel flow variation in an Antarctic stream: Journal of the North American Benthological Society, v. 17, no. 2, p. 143-154, https://doi.org/10.2307/1467958.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"143","endPage":"154","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":230079,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eb44e4b0c8380cd48d11","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Runkel, R.L.","contributorId":97529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runkel","given":"R.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McKnight, Diane M.","contributorId":59773,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKnight","given":"Diane","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":16833,"text":"INSTAAR, University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":387769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Andrews, E.D.","contributorId":13922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrews","given":"E.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70021363,"text":"70021363 - 1998 - Does the Sverdrup critical depth model explain bloom dynamics in estuaries?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-04T08:47:35","indexId":"70021363","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2379,"text":"Journal of Marine Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Does the Sverdrup critical depth model explain bloom dynamics in estuaries?","docAbstract":"<p>In this paper we use numerical models of coupled biological-hydrodynamic processes to search for general principles of bloom regulation in estuarine waters. We address three questions: what are the dynamics of stratification in coastal systems as influenced by variable freshwater input and tidal stirring? How does phytoplankton growth respond to these dynamics? Can the classical Sverdrup Critical Depth Model (SCDM) be used to predict the timing of bloom events in shallow coastal domains such as estuaries? We present results of simulation experiments which assume that vertical transport and net phytoplankton growth rates are horizontally homogeneous. In the present approach the temporally and spatially varying turbulent diffusivities for various stratification scenarios are calculated using a hydrodynamic code that includes the Mellor-Yamada 2.5 turbulence closure model. These diffusivities are then used in a time- and depth-dependent advection-diffusion equation, incorporating sources and sinks, for the phytoplankton biomass. Our modeling results show that, whereas persistent stratification greatly increases the probability of a bloom, semidiurnal periodic stratification does not increase the likelihood of a phytoplankton bloom over that of a constantly unstratified water column. Thus, for phytoplankton blooms, the physical regime of periodic stratification is closer to complete mixing than to persistent stratification. Furthermore, the details of persistent stratification are important: surface layer depth, thickness of the pycnocline, vertical density difference, and tidal current speed all weigh heavily in producing conditions which promote the onset of phytoplankton blooms. Our model results for shallow tidal systems do not conform to the classical concepts of stratification and blooms in deep pelagic systems. First, earlier studies (Riley, 1942, for example) suggest a monotonic increase in surface layer production as the surface layer shallows. Our model results suggest, however, a nonmonotonic relationship between phytoplankton population growth and surface layer depth, which results from a balance between several 'competing' processes, including the interaction of sinking with turbulent mixing and average net growth occurring within the surface layer. Second, we show that the traditional SCDM must be refined for application to energetic shallow systems or for systems in which surface layer mixing is not strong enough to counteract the sinking loss of phytoplankton. This need for refinement arises because of the leakage of phytoplankton from the surface layer by turbulent diffusion and sinking, processes not considered in the classical SCDM. Our model shows that, even for low sinking rates and small turbulent diffusivities, a significant % of the phytoplankton biomass produced in the surface layer can be lost by these processes.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Sears Foundation for Marine Research ","doi":"10.1357/002224098321822357","issn":"00222402","usgsCitation":"Lucas, L., Cloern, J., Koseff, J.R., Monismith, S., and Thompson, J., 1998, Does the Sverdrup critical depth model explain bloom dynamics in estuaries?: Journal of Marine Research, v. 56, no. 2, p. 375-415, https://doi.org/10.1357/002224098321822357.","productDescription":"41 p.","startPage":"375","endPage":"415","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":229951,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"56","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a039ae4b0c8380cd50575","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lucas, L.V.","contributorId":62777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lucas","given":"L.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cloern, J. E.","contributorId":59453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cloern","given":"J. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Koseff, Jeffrey R.","contributorId":37915,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koseff","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6986,"text":"Stanford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":389605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Monismith, Stephen G.","contributorId":57228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Monismith","given":"Stephen G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Thompson, J.K.","contributorId":103300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"J.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
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