{"pageNumber":"3844","pageRowStart":"96075","pageSize":"25","recordCount":185189,"records":[{"id":44886,"text":"wri954096 - 1995 - Seasonal ground-water level changes (1990-93) and flow patterns in the Fristoe unit of the Mark Twain National Forest, southern Missouri","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-31T19:44:29.738817","indexId":"wri954096","displayToPublicDate":"1996-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-4096","title":"Seasonal ground-water level changes (1990-93) and flow patterns in the Fristoe unit of the Mark Twain National Forest, southern Missouri","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri954096","usgsCitation":"Imes, J.L., and Kleeschulte, M.J., 1995, Seasonal ground-water level changes (1990-93) and flow patterns in the Fristoe unit of the Mark Twain National Forest, southern Missouri: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4096, 1 Plate: 38.00 × 26.82 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri954096.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 38.00 × 26.82 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":134566,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":82243,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4096/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":408923,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48201.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","otherGeospatial":"Fristoe unit of the Mark Twain National Forest","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -91.6,\n              37.0583\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.6,\n              36.665\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.8972,\n              36.665\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.8972,\n              37.0583\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.6,\n              37.0583\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc3a1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Imes, Jeffrey L. jimes@usgs.gov","contributorId":2983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Imes","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jimes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":230618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kleeschulte, Michael J.","contributorId":75891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kleeschulte","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":44885,"text":"wri954093 - 1995 - Water-surface profile and flood boundaries for the computed 100-year flood, Rosebud Creek, Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:56","indexId":"wri954093","displayToPublicDate":"1996-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-4093","title":"Water-surface profile and flood boundaries for the computed 100-year flood, Rosebud Creek, Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation, Montana","docAbstract":"Hydrologic and hydraulic evaluations of Rosebud Creek were made to determine the magnitude of the 100-year flood and the extent of flooding that would occur as the result of this flood. The magnitude of the 100-year flood was determined to range from 2,620 to 3,980 ft3/s, depending on location. Field surveys were made at 149 cross sections along a 39-mile reach of Rosebud Creek. An additional 33 cross sections along the same reach were synthesized. Data from the surveys were used to calculate the water-surface elevation at each cross section using a computer program (WSPRO) developed by the U.S. Geological Survey. The water-surface profile of the computed 100-year flood elevations was then drawn. The profile also shows the streambed elevation and the location of the bridges and cross sections. The computed 100-year flood elevation at each cross section was used to delineate the width of the flood plain at that section. Flood boundaries between cross sections were interpolated using contour lines on topographic maps.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri954093","usgsCitation":"Omang, R.J., 1995, Water-surface profile and flood boundaries for the computed 100-year flood, Rosebud Creek, Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4093, 1 map on 2 sheets : col. ; sheets 89 x 94 cm. and 97 x 90 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri954093.","productDescription":"1 map on 2 sheets : col. ; sheets 89 x 94 cm. and 97 x 90 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":134565,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":82241,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4093/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":82242,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4093/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4d66","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Omang, R. J.","contributorId":31365,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Omang","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":25454,"text":"wri914146 - 1995 - Distribution of carbonate-rock aquifers and the potential for their development, southern Nevada and adjacent parts of California, Arizona, and Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:15","indexId":"wri914146","displayToPublicDate":"1996-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"91-4146","title":"Distribution of carbonate-rock aquifers and the potential for their development, southern Nevada and adjacent parts of California, Arizona, and Utah","docAbstract":"In 1985, the State of Nevada entered into a cooperative effort with the U.S. Department of the Interior to study and test the State's carbonate- rock aquifers. The studies were focused on southern Nevada and were intended to address the following concerns: Where is water potentially available in the aquifers?; How much water potentially can bewithdrawn from aquifers?; and What effects might result from development of the aquifers? The studies included basic-data collection, geologic mapping, geophysical and geochemical analyses, well drilling, and aquifer testing. The studies showed that the carbonate rocks are continuous and extensive enough to form regional aquifer systems only beneath thecentral third of the region. About 130,000 acre-feet per year of ground water flows through all the aquifers in this corridor (carbonate and noncarbonate), and about 77,000 acre-feet per year discharges directly from the carbonate-rock aquifers at regional springs in southern Nevada or at discharge areas in Death Valley, California. A larger volume of water -as much as 6 million acre-feet in the upper 100 feet alone-is stored in the rocks. Once depleted, however, that resource would be replenished by natural processes only very slowly. Ultimately, long-term development of the carbonate-rock aquifers would result in depletion of stored water, or in the capture of water that otherwise would discharge from the aquifers of southern Nevada and vicinity, or both. In manyplaces, development might extract water from both carbonate-rock and basin-fill aquifers. Possible effects of developing the carbonate-rock aquifers include declining water levels, decreasing springflow rates, drying up of some streams, playas, and meadows, and changing water quality. Specific impacts would depend upon the magnitude and length of development and site-specific conditions around the areas where the water is withdrawn. Confidence in predictions of the potential effects ofdevelopment of the carbonate-rock aquifers will remain limited until observations become available that document changes as the aquifers respond locally to long-term pumping stresses. However, if staged development were undertaken together with adequate monitoring, effects of continued or increased development could be estimated with progressively higher degrees of confidence.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri914146","usgsCitation":"Dettinger, M.D., Harrill, J., Schmidt, D.L., and Hess, J., 1995, Distribution of carbonate-rock aquifers and the potential for their development, southern Nevada and adjacent parts of California, Arizona, and Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 91-4146, vi, 100 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri914146.","productDescription":"vi, 100 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123667,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1991/4146/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54185,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1991/4146/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54186,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1991/4146/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54187,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1991/4146/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db6486e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dettinger, M. D. 0000-0002-7509-7332","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-7332","contributorId":93069,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dettinger","given":"M.","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":16196,"text":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":193761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harrill, J. R.","contributorId":10417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harrill","given":"J. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schmidt, D. L.","contributorId":23934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hess, J.W.","contributorId":106155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hess","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":25461,"text":"wri954104 - 1995 - Effects of 1992 farming systems on ground-water quality at the management systems evaluation area near Princeton, Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-07T11:26:08","indexId":"wri954104","displayToPublicDate":"1996-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-4104","title":"Effects of 1992 farming systems on ground-water quality at the management systems evaluation area near Princeton, Minnesota","docAbstract":"<p>The Management Systems Evaluation Area (MSEA) program was a multiscale, interagency initiative to evaluate the effects of agricultural systems on water quality in the midwest corn belt. The primary objective of the Minnesota MSEA was to evaluate the effects of ridge-tillage practices in a corn and soybean farming system on ground-water quality. The 65-hectare Minnesota MSEA was located in the Anoka Sand Plain near the town of Princeton, Minnesota. Three fanning systems were evaluated: corn-soybean rotation with ridge-tillage (areas B and D), sweet corn-potato rotation (areas A and C), and field corn in consecutive years (continuous corn; area E). Water samples were collected four different times per year from a network of 22 multiport wells and 29 observation wells installed in the saturated zone beneath and adjacent to the cropped areas.</p>\n<p>Bromide and chloride were used as tracers of water recharged through the cropped areas during 1992. Bromide applied in May 1992 was first detected above background levels between August 1992 and April 1993. Thus, the time of travel of water and bromide moving through the unsaturated zone during 1992 ranged from 3 to 11 months. Chloride applied to area C (sweet corn) in April 1992 was first detected above the residual levels of 1991 chloride applications in April 1993, 12 months after the chemical was applied. Chloride applies to areas A, B, D, and E in April 1992 was not detected above the residual effects from 1991 chloride applications.</p>\n<p>Nitrogen (N) fertilizer applied in 1992 on area C (potatoes) was first detected above background concentrations and the residual effects of the 1991 farming practices in April 1993, 12 months after application. Effects of 1992 N fertilizer applications on area E (continuous com) generally could not be distinguished from the effects of downgradient of area E were consistently greater than background concentrations during August 1992 through April 1993. These concentrations greater than background levels indicate that some N fertilizer applied to the continuous com crop during 1991 reached the water table. Nitrogen fertilizer applied on areas A, B, and D during 1992 could not be distinguished from the residual effects of the 1991 fanning practices but were detected above background concentrations.</p>\n<p>Atrazine concentrations beneath the cropped areas were generally indistinguishable from background concentrations. Atrazine was detected in 58 percent of the 361 ground water samples collected beneath cropped and buffer areas during June 1992 through April 1993. Most detections were at trace levels, between the detection limit of 0.01 micrograms per liter (<span>&mu;</span>g/L) and the reporting limit of 0.04 <span>&mu;</span>g/L. De-ethylatrazine (DEA) was detected more frequently during June 1992 through April 1993 (78 percent of the 361 samples) and in greater concentrations than any other herbicide or herbicide metabolite, with a median concentration of 0.07 <span>&mu;</span>g/L. The maximum DEA concentration of 0.77 <span>&mu;</span>g/L was detected near the water table in the middle of area E (continuous corn) during April 1993. The likely source of this DEA detection was application of atrazine to area E during 1991-93. Additional data will be needed to conclusively evaluate whether atrazine applied as part of the MSEA farming systems reached the water table.</p>\n<p>Results indicate that the effects of the 1992 potassium-chloride and N fertilizer applications were reduced compared to the effects of 1991 applications. The most important factors associated with these differences were&nbsp;lower chemical application rates and lower recharge rates during 1992 than during 1991. Some of the chloride and N fertilizer applied to the cropped areas in 1992 likely did not reach the saturated zone in 1993 due to a 60-percent reduction in recharge compared to 1991. Therefore, analysis of data from additional years will be required to fully evaluate the effects of the fanning systems on ground-water quality.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Mounds View, MN","doi":"10.3133/wri954104","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, University of Minnesota Department of Soil Science, and the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency","usgsCitation":"Delin, G., Landon, M., Lamb, J., and Dowdy, R., 1995, Effects of 1992 farming systems on ground-water quality at the management systems evaluation area near Princeton, Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4104, iv, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri954104.","productDescription":"iv, 18 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":122796,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4104/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54191,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4104/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","city":"Princeton","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -93.62557411193848,\n              45.52306687976779\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.62557411193848,\n              45.532086387683606\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.61398696899414,\n              45.532086387683606\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.61398696899414,\n              45.52306687976779\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.62557411193848,\n              45.52306687976779\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ae4b07f02db6252d2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Delin, G. N.","contributorId":12834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Delin","given":"G. N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Landon, M.K. 0000-0002-5766-0494","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5766-0494","contributorId":69572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landon","given":"M.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lamb, J.A.","contributorId":95898,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamb","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dowdy, R.H.","contributorId":92275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dowdy","given":"R.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":27050,"text":"wri954092 - 1995 - Ground-water quality in northeastern St. Joseph County, Indiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-16T11:15:09","indexId":"wri954092","displayToPublicDate":"1996-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-4092","title":"Ground-water quality in northeastern St. Joseph County, Indiana","docAbstract":"<p>This report describes the ground-water quality of a 220-square-mile area in northeastern St. Joseph County, Indiana. Ground-water samples were collected from 30 monitoring wells at 20 sites during May 1992; the wells were screened in either a shallow or a deep sand and gravel aquifer. Samples were analyzed for general water-quality properties, nutrients, major ions, trace elements, industrial organic compounds, and pesticides.</p>\n<p>In general, the ground water is a slightly basic, very hard calcium bicarbonate water with a median dissolved-solids concentration of 310 milligrams per liter. The only constituent to exceed a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Maximum Contaminant Level in the water samples was nitrate (which was exceeded in water samples from two wells).</p>\n<p>Concentrations of methylene-blue-active substances (detergent additives), chloride, and nitrate plus nitrite in the shallow aquifer were significantly higher (at the 0.05 probability level) than in the deep aquifer. The higher concentrations of these constituents in the shallow aquifer may be attributable to human activities. Concentrations of silica, ammonia, arsenic, antimony, barium, iron, and manganese in the deep aquifer were significantly higher than in the shallow aquifer; with the exception of ammonia, most or all of these constituents are probably from natural sources.</p>\n<p>No industrial organic compounds were detected in the water samples. Four pesticides - alachlor, carbofuran, metolachlor, and triazines - were detected in water samples; the highest pesticide concentration in a water sample was 1.0 microgram per liter of alachlor.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Indianapolis, IN","doi":"10.3133/wri954092","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Indiana Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water","usgsCitation":"Fenelon, J., Bayless, E.R., and Watson, L.R., 1995, Ground-water quality in northeastern St. Joseph County, Indiana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4092, vi, 50 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri954092.","productDescription":"vi, 50 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","startPage":"1","endPage":"50","numberOfPages":"56","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":123939,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4092/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55927,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4092/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","county":"Saint Joseph","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-86.2255,41.7615],[-86.0624,41.7619],[-86.0598,41.4999],[-86.0592,41.4935],[-86.0593,41.479],[-86.0789,41.479],[-86.0979,41.4791],[-86.1181,41.4792],[-86.1273,41.4792],[-86.1421,41.4792],[-86.1562,41.4793],[-86.234,41.479],[-86.3063,41.4787],[-86.3302,41.4778],[-86.3492,41.4778],[-86.378,41.4774],[-86.4356,41.4765],[-86.4559,41.4765],[-86.4645,41.4765],[-86.4669,41.4765],[-86.4669,41.4616],[-86.4669,41.4339],[-86.5245,41.4339],[-86.5245,41.5201],[-86.5012,41.5206],[-86.5,41.5287],[-86.4982,41.531],[-86.4982,41.5669],[-86.4865,41.5769],[-86.4871,41.649],[-86.5068,41.6499],[-86.5264,41.6499],[-86.5264,41.6572],[-86.5258,41.6731],[-86.5252,41.7085],[-86.524,41.7603],[-86.4526,41.7599],[-86.2846,41.7611],[-86.2255,41.7615]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Saint Joseph\",\"state\":\"IN\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa7e4b07f02db667234","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fenelon, J.M.","contributorId":100430,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fenelon","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bayless, E. Randall 0000-0002-0357-3635","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0357-3635","contributorId":42586,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bayless","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"Randall","affiliations":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":197470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Watson, Lee R.","contributorId":83545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watson","given":"Lee","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":28344,"text":"wri944147 - 1995 - Hydrogeology and ground-water flow, fractured Mesozoic structural-basin rocks, Stony Brook, Beden Brook, and Jacobs Creek drainage basins, west-central New Jersey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:38","indexId":"wri944147","displayToPublicDate":"1996-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-4147","title":"Hydrogeology and ground-water flow, fractured Mesozoic structural-basin rocks, Stony Brook, Beden Brook, and Jacobs Creek drainage basins, west-central New Jersey","docAbstract":"This study was undertaken to characterize ground- water flow in the Stony Brook, Beden Brook, and Jacobs Creek drainage basins in west-central New Jersey. The 89-square-mile study area is underlain by dipping beds of fractured siltstone, shale, and sandstone and by massive diabase sills. In all of the rocks, the density of interconnected fractures decreases with depth. A major fault extends through the study area, and rocks on both sides of the fault are extensively fractured. The average annual rates of precipitation and ground-water recharge in the study area are 45.07 inches and 8.58 inches, respectively. The rate of recharge to diabase rocks is about one-half the rate of recharge to other rocks. Part of the surface runoff from diabase rocks enters the ground-water system where it encounters more permeable rocks. Most ground water in the study area follows short, shallow flow paths. A three- dimensional finite-difference model of ground-water flow was developed to test hypotheses concerning geologic features that control ground-water flow in the study area. The decrease in the density of interconnected fractures with depth was represented by dividing the model into two layers with different hydraulic conductivity. The pinching out of water- bearing beds in the dip direction at land surface and at depth was simulated as a lower hydraulic conductivity in the dip direction than in the strike direction. This model can be used to analyze ground-water flow if the area of interest is more than about 0.5 square mile.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nEarth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri944147","usgsCitation":"Lewis, J.C., and Jacobsen, E., 1995, Hydrogeology and ground-water flow, fractured Mesozoic structural-basin rocks, Stony Brook, Beden Brook, and Jacobs Creek drainage basins, west-central New Jersey: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4147, vi, 83 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri944147.","productDescription":"vi, 83 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123412,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4147/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57152,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4147/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db6259bf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lewis, Jean C.","contributorId":74417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"Jean","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jacobsen, Eric jacobsen@usgs.gov","contributorId":3864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacobsen","given":"Eric","email":"jacobsen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":199632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":27908,"text":"wri954079 - 1995 - Summer evapotranspiration rates, by Bowen-ratio and eddy-correlation methods, in Boulder Flat and in Maggie Creek area, Eureka County, Nevada, 1991-92","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-03T19:49:50.424776","indexId":"wri954079","displayToPublicDate":"1996-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-4079","title":"Summer evapotranspiration rates, by Bowen-ratio and eddy-correlation methods, in Boulder Flat and in Maggie Creek area, Eureka County, Nevada, 1991-92","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri954079","usgsCitation":"Johnson, M.J., 1995, Summer evapotranspiration rates, by Bowen-ratio and eddy-correlation methods, in Boulder Flat and in Maggie Creek area, Eureka County, Nevada, 1991-92: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4079, iv, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri954079.","productDescription":"iv, 11 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":392458,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48188.htm"},{"id":56726,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4079/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":158652,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4079/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Eureka County","otherGeospatial":"Boulder Flat, Maggie Creek area","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -116.6667,\n              40.7333\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.1333,\n              40.7333\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.1333,\n              41\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.6667,\n              41\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.6667,\n              40.7333\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b01e4b07f02db6986dd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, M. J.","contributorId":52988,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":27924,"text":"wri944258 - 1995 - Water-quality assessment of the central Columbia Plateau in Washington and Idaho: Analysis of available nutrient and pesticide data for ground water, 1942-92","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-19T22:02:42.574716","indexId":"wri944258","displayToPublicDate":"1996-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-4258","title":"Water-quality assessment of the central Columbia Plateau in Washington and Idaho: Analysis of available nutrient and pesticide data for ground water, 1942-92","docAbstract":"Analysis of available nutrient and pesticide data from more than a thousand wells shows that shallow ground water (less than 300 feet) in the Central Columbia Plateau has been contaminated with nitrate, particularly in the southwest. Water samples collected from one-fifth of public-supply wells in the southwest, and one-tenth elsewhere, have nitrate concentrations that exceed the maximum contaminant levels for nitrate in drinking water. Eleven pesticides also have been detected, and one of them (EDB) was detected in 10 wells at concentrations above the maximum contaminant level for drinking water.  Nitrate concentrations in ground water are influenced most by agricultural use of fertilizers and by recharge rates and sources. Concentrations are higher where fertilizers are most heavily applied and are higher in shallow ground water than in deeper aquifers. Trends observed in wells with long periods of record show increases in nitrate concentration beginning in the early 1950's, after the use of nitrogen compounds as fertilizers became widespread. Ground-water recharge affects nitrate concentrations in two ways: it transports nitrate into the ground-water system, raising nitrate concentrations in ground water; and it lowers concentrations by dilution when fresh water recharges in sufficient quantities. Dilution is especially evident near canals where fresh irrigation water enters the ground-water system.  More data would be needed to investigate possible relations between phosphate or pesticide concentrations and land use or depth. Phosphate concentrations in ground water are low--the median in the study unit is 0.02 milligram per liter as phosphorous. Detection of pesticides in ground water correlates with the solubility of the compounds in water and other related physico-chemical properties. Compounds that were detected have higher solubilities than compounds that were not detected.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri944258","usgsCitation":"Jones, J.L., and Wagner, R.J., 1995, Water-quality assessment of the central Columbia Plateau in Washington and Idaho: Analysis of available nutrient and pesticide data for ground water, 1942-92: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4258, vii, 119 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri944258.","productDescription":"vii, 119 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":410745,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48123.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":56742,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4258/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":158964,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4258/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Washington","otherGeospatial":"central Columbia Plateau","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -120.25,\n              48.1167\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.25,\n              46.1667\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.4667,\n              46.1667\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.4667,\n              48.1167\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.25,\n              48.1167\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a62e4b07f02db636660","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, J. L.","contributorId":27065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wagner, R. J.","contributorId":37318,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":27229,"text":"wri954076 - 1995 - Nutrient loading to Lewisville Lake, north-central Texas, 1984-87","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-16T15:02:36","indexId":"wri954076","displayToPublicDate":"1996-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-4076","title":"Nutrient loading to Lewisville Lake, north-central Texas, 1984-87","docAbstract":"<p>Concentrations of nutrients in the streams of the 1,660-square-mile Lewisville Lake drainage basin have some association with the two types of physiographic regions in the basin prairie regions and cross timbers regions. Total nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations generally are larger in streams draining the prairie regions than in streams draining the cross timbers regions, a characteristic that might be accounted for in part by the fact that prairie regions tend to have more nutrient-rich, less-permeable soils than cross timbers regions. Most of the variability in nutrient loads is associated with variability in discharge. During a low-flow synoptic survey, the largest contributor of total nitrogen and total phosphorus (at the downstream-most site) was Isle du Bois Creek (815 pounds per day of total nitrogen and 146 pounds per day of total phosphorus). During a high-flow synoptic survey, the largest contributor of total nitrogen and total phosphorus (at the downstream-most site) was Elm Fork Trinity River (4,620 pounds per day of total nitrogen and 210 pounds per day of total phosphorus).</p>\n<p>On the basis of results of stormflow and periodic sampling, the total nitrite plus nitrate nitrogen that entered the reservoir on the average each day during 1986 was 5,640 pounds per day, and during 1987,4,480 pounds per day. During the same period, about one and one-half as much nitrogen in the form of total ammonia plus organic nitrogen entered the reservoir (8,530 pounds per day in 1986 and 7,020 pounds per day in 1987); and about one-fourth as much total phosphorus entered the reservoir during the period (1,310 pounds per day in 1986 and 1,080 pounds per day in 1987).</p>\n<p>Point sources accounted for small fractions (probably less than 10 percent) of the total nutrient load from Clear Creek, Little Elm Creek, Hickory Creek, and Elm Fork Trinity River.</p>\n<p>Most of the point-source load to Lewisville Lake could originate at a few sewage-treatment plants discharging to ungaged streams close to the reservoir.</p>\n<p>The estimated long-term (1974-89 water years) average annual total nitrogen load (excluding loads from sewage-treatment plants in ungaged areas) is 11,800 pounds per day. The estimated long-term (1974 89 water years) average annual total phosphorus load (excluding loads from sewage-treatment plants in ungaged areas) is 1,100 pounds per day.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/wri954076","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Dallas","usgsCitation":"Gain, W., and Baldys, S., 1995, Nutrient loading to Lewisville Lake, north-central Texas, 1984-87: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4076, iv, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri954076.","productDescription":"iv, 25 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":123053,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4076/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56098,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4076/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Lewisville Lake","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afce4b07f02db696780","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gain, W. S.","contributorId":29024,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gain","given":"W. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baldys, Stanley sbaldys@usgs.gov","contributorId":3366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baldys","given":"Stanley","email":"sbaldys@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":197768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":23581,"text":"ofr95838 - 1995 - The Monterey Submarine Canyon, California moored array data report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:07","indexId":"ofr95838","displayToPublicDate":"1996-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-838","title":"The Monterey Submarine Canyon, California moored array data report","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr95838","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Kinoshita, K., and Noble, M., 1995, The Monterey Submarine Canyon, California moored array data report: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-838, 1 v. 121 p.  :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95838.","productDescription":"1 v. 121 p.  :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155457,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0838/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52874,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0838/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67b3dd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kinoshita, Kaye","contributorId":89563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kinoshita","given":"Kaye","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Noble, Marlene","contributorId":29463,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noble","given":"Marlene","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":23599,"text":"ofr95748 - 1995 - Chemical composition of selected core samples, Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:00","indexId":"ofr95748","displayToPublicDate":"1996-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-748","title":"Chemical composition of selected core samples, Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nEarth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr95748","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Knobel, L., Cecil, L., and Wood, T., 1995, Chemical composition of selected core samples, Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-748, iv, 59 p. :maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95748.","productDescription":"iv, 59 p. :maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":154865,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0748/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52885,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0748/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dfe4b07f02db5e3c38","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knobel, L.L.","contributorId":83115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knobel","given":"L.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cecil, L.D.","contributorId":62616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cecil","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wood, T.R.","contributorId":14008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"T.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":31916,"text":"ofr95580 - 1995 - Preliminary geologic map of the Bristol Well Quadrangle, Lincoln County, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:08","indexId":"ofr95580","displayToPublicDate":"1996-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-580","title":"Preliminary geologic map of the Bristol Well Quadrangle, Lincoln County, Nevada","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr95580","usgsCitation":"Page, W.R., and Ekren, E.B., 1995, Preliminary geologic map of the Bristol Well Quadrangle, Lincoln County, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-580, 28 p., 1 over-size sheet, scale 1:24,000 (1 inch = 2,000 feet). , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95580.","productDescription":"28 p., 1 over-size sheet, scale 1:24,000 (1 inch = 2,000 feet). ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":108955,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_18518.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"18518"},{"id":160709,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0580/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":60083,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0580/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"24000","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67bca1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Page, William R. 0000-0002-0722-9911 rpage@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0722-9911","contributorId":1628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Page","given":"William","email":"rpage@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":207226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ekren, E. B.","contributorId":14371,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ekren","given":"E.","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":23667,"text":"ofr95564 - 1995 - Magnetic and gravity studies of buried volcanic centers in the Amargosa Desert and Crater Flat, southwest Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:12","indexId":"ofr95564","displayToPublicDate":"1996-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-564","title":"Magnetic and gravity studies of buried volcanic centers in the Amargosa Desert and Crater Flat, southwest Nevada","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr95564","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Langenheim, V., 1995, Magnetic and gravity studies of buried volcanic centers in the Amargosa Desert and Crater Flat, southwest Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-564, 37 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95564.","productDescription":"37 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":156286,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0564/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52925,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0564/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db6492bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langenheim, V.E. 0000-0003-2170-5213","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2170-5213","contributorId":54956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langenheim","given":"V.E.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":190510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":23338,"text":"ofr95833 - 1995 - Distribution and taxonomy of diatoms (bacillariophyta) in surface samples and a two-meter core from Winslow Marsh, Bainbridge Island, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:11","indexId":"ofr95833","displayToPublicDate":"1996-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-833","title":"Distribution and taxonomy of diatoms (bacillariophyta) in surface samples and a two-meter core from Winslow Marsh, Bainbridge Island, Washington","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr95833","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Hemphill-Haley, E., and Lewis, R., 1995, Distribution and taxonomy of diatoms (bacillariophyta) in surface samples and a two-meter core from Winslow Marsh, Bainbridge Island, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-833, 105 p., 7 [i.e. 6] leaves of plates :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95833.","productDescription":"105 p., 7 [i.e. 6] leaves of plates :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":156140,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0833/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52637,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0833/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db649602","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hemphill-Haley, Eileen 0000-0002-6988-5906","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6988-5906","contributorId":84366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hemphill-Haley","given":"Eileen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lewis, R.C.","contributorId":54238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"R.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":23042,"text":"ofr95836 - 1995 - Geochemical data of alkaline igneous rocks and carbonatites, Potash Sulphur Springs Igneous Complex, Arkansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:08","indexId":"ofr95836","displayToPublicDate":"1996-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-836","title":"Geochemical data of alkaline igneous rocks and carbonatites, Potash Sulphur Springs Igneous Complex, Arkansas","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr95836","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Flohr, M., and Howard, J., 1995, Geochemical data of alkaline igneous rocks and carbonatites, Potash Sulphur Springs Igneous Complex, Arkansas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-836, 13 p. :map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95836.","productDescription":"13 p. :map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":156406,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0836/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52420,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0836/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ae327","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flohr, M.J.","contributorId":95906,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flohr","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Howard, J.M.","contributorId":86379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howard","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":22719,"text":"ofr95382 - 1995 - Ground-water and surface-water elevations in the Fairbanks International Airport area, Alaska, 1990-94","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":22719,"text":"ofr95382 - 1995 - Ground-water and surface-water elevations in the Fairbanks International Airport area, Alaska, 1990-94","indexId":"ofr95382","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"title":"Ground-water and surface-water elevations in the Fairbanks International Airport area, Alaska, 1990-94"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":22720,"text":"ofr97597 - 1997 - Ground-water and surface-water elevations in the Fairbanks International Airport area, Alaska, 1990-96, and selected geohydrologic report references","indexId":"ofr97597","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"title":"Ground-water and surface-water elevations in the Fairbanks International Airport area, Alaska, 1990-96, and selected geohydrologic report references"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":22720,"text":"ofr97597 - 1997 - Ground-water and surface-water elevations in the Fairbanks International Airport area, Alaska, 1990-96, and selected geohydrologic report references","indexId":"ofr97597","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"title":"Ground-water and surface-water elevations in the Fairbanks International Airport area, Alaska, 1990-96, and selected geohydrologic report references"},"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-26T20:28:15.439668","indexId":"ofr95382","displayToPublicDate":"1996-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-382","title":"Ground-water and surface-water elevations in the Fairbanks International Airport area, Alaska, 1990-94","docAbstract":"Ground-water and surface-water elevation data were collected at 52 sites from 1990 to 1994 by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities, Fairbanks International Airport. Water elevations were measured in 32 ground-water observation wells and at 20 surface-water sites to help characterize the geohydrology of the Fairbanks International Airport area. From 1990 to 1993, data were collected in the vicinity of the former fire-training area at the airport. From 1993 to 1994, the data-collection area was expanded to include the entire airport area.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr95382","usgsCitation":"Claar, D., and Lilly, M.R., 1995, Ground-water and surface-water elevations in the Fairbanks International Airport area, Alaska, 1990-94: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-382, Report: iv, 155 p.; 2 Plates: 24.00 × 18.00 inches and 23.00 × 18.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95382.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 155 p.; 2 Plates: 24.00 × 18.00 inches and 23.00 × 18.00 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":407354,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_19163.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":52171,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0382/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":19433,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0382/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":19434,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0382/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":156491,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0382/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","city":"Fairbanks","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -147.930908203125,\n              64.79050817816874\n            ],\n            [\n              -147.73315429687497,\n              64.79050817816874\n            ],\n            [\n              -147.73315429687497,\n              64.83726158377895\n            ],\n            [\n              -147.930908203125,\n              64.83726158377895\n            ],\n            [\n              -147.930908203125,\n              64.79050817816874\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66d45f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Claar, D.V.","contributorId":81140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Claar","given":"D.V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lilly, M. R.","contributorId":38594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lilly","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":22928,"text":"ofr95638 - 1995 - Geology, petrography, and geochemistry of granitic rocks from the Coast Mountains Complex near Juneau, southeastern Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-13T20:55:11.472411","indexId":"ofr95638","displayToPublicDate":"1996-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-638","title":"Geology, petrography, and geochemistry of granitic rocks from the Coast Mountains Complex near Juneau, southeastern Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr95638","usgsCitation":"Drinkwater, J.L., Ford, A.B., and Brew, D.A., 1995, Geology, petrography, and geochemistry of granitic rocks from the Coast Mountains Complex near Juneau, southeastern Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-638, 119 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95638.","productDescription":"119 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":153544,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0638/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52331,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0638/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":403692,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_19165.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","city":"Juneau","otherGeospatial":"Coast Mountains Complex","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -134.71435546875,\n              55.99838095535963\n            ],\n            [\n              -132.066650390625,\n              56.88500172043518\n            ],\n            [\n              -134.857177734375,\n              59.34999582510769\n            ],\n            [\n              -135.16479492187497,\n              59.63998787256213\n            ],\n            [\n              -137.76855468749997,\n              58.75680543225761\n            ],\n            [\n              -134.71435546875,\n              55.99838095535963\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c618","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drinkwater, J. L.","contributorId":27856,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drinkwater","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ford, A. B.","contributorId":44924,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ford","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brew, D. A.","contributorId":88344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brew","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":26608,"text":"wri954126 - 1995 - Characterization of selected radionuclides in sediment and surface water in Standley Lake, Great Western Reservoir, and Mower Reservoir, Jefferson County, Colorado, 1992","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-04T19:49:04.327949","indexId":"wri954126","displayToPublicDate":"1996-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-4126","title":"Characterization of selected radionuclides in sediment and surface water in Standley Lake, Great Western Reservoir, and Mower Reservoir, Jefferson County, Colorado, 1992","docAbstract":"Lake sediment and surface water from Standley Lake, Great Western Reservoir, and Mower Reservoir, near Denver, Colorado, were sampled and analyzed for selected radionuclides during August through October, 1992.  Sample concentrations were summarized and compared to results from a study conducted in 1983-84. Median plutonium-239,240 (239,240Pu) concentrations in lake-sediment grab samples from Standley Lake, Great Western Reservoir, and Mower Reservoir were 0.037, 0.105, and 0.351 picocuries per gram (pCi/g). The maximum concen- tration of 239,240Pu dissolved in lake water was 0.009 picocuries per liter, substantially below limits suggested by the Colorado Department of Health and the Environment. Dissolved concentrations of gross alpha and uranium isotopes were below National Drinking Water Standards in all water samples. There was no statistically significant difference between 239,240Pu concentration in lake-sediment grab samples collected from Standley Lake in 1983-84 and in 1992; however, there was a small, but statistically significant, difference at Great Western Reservoir (p&lt;0.05). In 1992 at Great Western Reservoir, median 239,240Pu concentrations were 0.040 pCi/g lower than in 1983-84. There was a small, but statistically significant (p&lt;0.05) difference in 239,240Pu concentrations in lake- bottom-sediment cores collected in 1983-84 and in 1992. Measured concentrations tended to be higher in 1983-84 than in 1992. The differences were greatest at concentrations above 1.5 pCi/g; in those samples concentrations were 10 to 30% higher in 1983-84 than in 1992.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri954126","usgsCitation":"Clow, D.W., and Johncox, D., 1995, Characterization of selected radionuclides in sediment and surface water in Standley Lake, Great Western Reservoir, and Mower Reservoir, Jefferson County, Colorado, 1992: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4126, v, 77 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri954126.","productDescription":"v, 77 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":411367,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48228.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":55479,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4126/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":126643,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4126/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","county":"Jefferson County","otherGeospatial":"Mower Reservoir, Standley Lake, Great Western Reservoir","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -105.0958,\n              39.9014\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.1597,\n              39.9014\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.1597,\n              39.8783\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.0958,\n              39.8783\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.0958,\n              39.9014\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e419","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clow, D. W.","contributorId":23531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clow","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johncox, D. A.","contributorId":88762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johncox","given":"D. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":26022,"text":"wri944144 - 1995 - Hydrochemistry of aquifer systems and relation to regional flow patterns in Cretaceous and older rocks underlying Kansas, Nebraska, and parts of Arkansas, Colorado, Missouri, New Mexico, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, and Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-20T15:58:35","indexId":"wri944144","displayToPublicDate":"1996-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-4144","title":"Hydrochemistry of aquifer systems and relation to regional flow patterns in Cretaceous and older rocks underlying Kansas, Nebraska, and parts of Arkansas, Colorado, Missouri, New Mexico, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, and Wyoming","docAbstract":"Aquifer systems in Cretaceous and older rocks of the Central Midwest are divided on the basis of hydrochemistry and ground-water flow patterns in the Plains subregion, the Western Interior Plains aquifer system contains sodium chloride type water with large concentrations of dissolved solids. Ion ratios suggest that the water was derived from seawater by concentration and by depletion of calcium and sulfate ions. In the overlying Western Interior Plains confining system, concentrations of depositional sea water and dissolution of extensive evaporite deposits have resulted in sodium chloride type water with large concentrations of dissolved solids and sodium. Overlying this confining system in the northwest part of the study area, the Great Plains aquifer system yields water that generally is less mineralized and more variable in water type than the underlying systems. Recharge of meteoric water, concentration of brackish water in which the rocks were deposited, and dissolution of underlying evaporite deposits have contributed to the observed water chemistry. The Great Plains confining system restricts the exchange of water between the underlying Great Plains aquifer system and the overlying unconfined aquifers. In the Ozark subregion, geological units equivalent to the Western Interior Plains aquifer system comprise the Ozark Plateaus aquifer system. Units of this aquifer system are exposed at the land surface, and fresh meteoric water moves rapidly through fractures and solution openings. Water chemistry in this system reflects primarily the dissolution of the predominately carbonate rocks.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nU.S. Geological Survey, Earth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri944144","usgsCitation":"Baker, C.H., and Leonard, R., 1995, Hydrochemistry of aquifer systems and relation to regional flow patterns in Cretaceous and older rocks underlying Kansas, Nebraska, and parts of Arkansas, Colorado, Missouri, New Mexico, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, and Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4144, vi, 53 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri944144.","productDescription":"vi, 53 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":123414,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4144/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54800,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4144/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afde4b07f02db696d20","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baker, Claud H. Jr.","contributorId":53413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"Claud","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leonard, Robert B.","contributorId":14407,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leonard","given":"Robert B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":27438,"text":"wri944145 - 1995 - Evaluation of ground-water flow and hydrologic budget for Lake Five-O, a seepage lake in northwestern Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:25","indexId":"wri944145","displayToPublicDate":"1996-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-4145","title":"Evaluation of ground-water flow and hydrologic budget for Lake Five-O, a seepage lake in northwestern Florida","docAbstract":"Temporal and spatial distributions of ground-water inflow to, and leakage from Lake Five-O, a softwater, seepage lake in northwestern Florida, were evaluated using hydrologic data and simulation models of the shallow ground-water system adjacent to the lake. The simulation models indicate that ground-water inflow to the lake and leakage from the lake to the ground-water system are the dominant components in the total inflow (precipitation plus ground-water inflow) and total outflow (evaporation plus leakage) budgets of Lake Five-O. Simlulated ground-water inflow and leakage were approximately 4 and 5 times larger than precipitation inputs and evaporative losses, respectively, during calendar years 1989-90. Exchanges of water between Lake Five-O and the ground-water system were consistently larger than atmospheric-lake exchanges. A consistent pattern of shallow ground-water inflow and deep leakage was also evident throughout the study period. The mean time of travel from ground-water that discharges at Lake Five-O (time from recharge at the water table to discharge at the lake) was estimated to be within a range of 3 to 6 years. Flow-path evaluations indicated that the intermediate confining unit probably has a negligible influence on the geochemistry of ground-water inflow to Lake Five-O. The hydrologic budgets and flow-path evaluations provide critical information for developing geochemical budgets for Lake Five-O and for improving the understanding of the relative importance of various processes that regulate the acid-neutralizing capacity of softwater seepage lakes in Florida.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nEarth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri944145","usgsCitation":"Grubbs, J.W., 1995, Evaluation of ground-water flow and hydrologic budget for Lake Five-O, a seepage lake in northwestern Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4145, vi, 42 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri944145.","productDescription":"vi, 42 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":2122,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri944145","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":123720,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri_94_4145.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae2e4b07f02db688d3d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grubbs, J. W.","contributorId":77139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grubbs","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":28229,"text":"wri954024 - 1995 - Ground-water quality in agricultural areas, Anoka Sand Plain Aquifer, east-central Minnesota, 1984-90","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-08T13:07:04","indexId":"wri954024","displayToPublicDate":"1996-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-4024","title":"Ground-water quality in agricultural areas, Anoka Sand Plain Aquifer, east-central Minnesota, 1984-90","docAbstract":"<p>Ground-water quality in the Anoka Sand Plain aquifer was studied as part of the multiscale Management Systems Evaluation Area (MSEA) study by collecting water samples from shallow wells during August through November 1990. The sampling was conducted to: (1) aid in selection of the MSEA research area; (2) facilitate comparison of results at the MSEA research area to the regional scale; and (3) evaluate changes in ground-water quality in the Anoka Sand Plain aquifer since a previous study during 1984 through 1987. Samples were collected from 34 wells screened in the upper 6 meters of the surficial aquifer and located in cultivated agricultural areas. Water temperature, pH, specific conductance, and presence or absence of triazine herbicides were determined at all sites and samples from selected wells were analyzed for concentrations of dissolved oxygen, alkalinity, major cations and anions, nutrients, and selected herbicides and herbicide metabolites. The results of the study indicate that the water-quality of some shallow ground water in areas of predominantly agricultural land use has been affected by applications of nitrogen fertilizers and the herbicide atrazine.</p>\n<p>Concentrations of nitrite plus nitrate nitrogen (nitrate-N) in 19 samples ranged from less than the detection limit of 0.1 to 21 milligrams per liter (mg/L) with a median of 10 mg/L. Concentrations of nitrate-N were not significantly correlated with depth below the water table or dissolved oxygen but were significantly correlated with concentrations of chloride. Concentrations of nitrate-N during 1990 were generally similar to concentrations measured during 1984 through 1987. Changes in concentrations of nitrate-N during 1984 through 1990 were likely related to variations in recharge or other site-specific factors.</p>\n<p>Immunoassay analyses were used as screening tools to detect the presence of triazine herbicides. All samples in which triazine herbicides were detected by immunoassay, and selected samples in which triazine herbicides were not detected by immunoassay, were analyzed for selected herbicides and herbicide metabolites by gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (GC/MS). There was an excellent correspondence between concentrations of triazine herbicides indicated by immunoassay and concentrations of atrazine measured by GC/MS, indicating that the immunoassay method was a valuable qualitative to semi-quantitative tool for evaluating the presence and approximate concentration of atrazine.</p>\n<p>The combined results of immunoassay and GC/MS analyses indicate that atrazine was detected in 11 of the 34 wells with a median concentration less than the immunoassay detection limit of 0.1 micrograms per liter (<span>&mu;</span>g/L). Atrazine was detected in 11 of the 17 samples analyzed by GC/MS at concentrations ranging from the detection limit of 0.05 to 0.81 <span>&mu;</span>g/L with a median of 0.09 <span>&mu;</span>g/L. Atrazine metabolite de-ethylatrazine (DEA) was the most frequently detected herbicide or herbicide metabolite and generally was present at the greatest concentrations. There were detections of DEA in 13 of the 17 samples analyzed at concentrations ranging from the detection limit of 0.05 to 1.12 <span>&mu;</span>g/L with a median of 0.15 <span>&mu;</span>g/L. Concentrations of DEA were significantly correlated with concentrations of calcium, magnesium, and specific conductance. The atrazine metabolite de-isopropylatrazine and the herbicide metolachlor both were detected in 1 of the 17 wells. The frequency of detection and the concentrations of atrazine in shallow ground water during 1990 were very similar to results of sampling conducted in 1984.</p>\n<p>Concentrations of atrazine and DEA generally were greater near the water table and decreased or were not detected in deeper wells. All of the samples in which atrazine and DEA were detected also had increased (greater than 3 mg/L) nitrate-N concentrations. However, not all samples with increased concentrations of nitrate-N had detections of atrazine or DEA. This likely indicates either that there were sources of nitrate-N other than cultivated fields on which both atrazine and nitrogen were applied or that nitrate-N reached ground water more readily than atrazine or DEA.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Mounds View, MN","doi":"10.3133/wri954024","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the University of Minnesota Department of Soil Science and the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service","usgsCitation":"Landon, M., and Delin, G., 1995, Ground-water quality in agricultural areas, Anoka Sand Plain Aquifer, east-central Minnesota, 1984-90: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4024, iv, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri954024.","productDescription":"iv, 25 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology 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N.","contributorId":12834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Delin","given":"G. N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":29525,"text":"wri954081 - 1995 - Spatial and seasonal variability in water quality of Devils Lake, North Dakota, September 1988 through October 1990","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-21T14:06:19","indexId":"wri954081","displayToPublicDate":"1996-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-4081","title":"Spatial and seasonal variability in water quality of Devils Lake, North Dakota, September 1988 through October 1990","docAbstract":"<p>Devils Lake, in northeastern North Dakota, is a closed-basin lake characterized by large fluctuations in water level and in concentrations of dissolved chemical constituents. A study was conducted to assess spatial and seasonal variability in water-quality conditions in Devils Lake during September 1988 through October 1990.</p><p>Specific conductance, which generally increased from west to east in Devils Lake and East Devils Lake, ranged from 3,580 to 20,100 microsiemens per centimeter. pH, water temperature, and dissolved oxygen generally were similar among sites. Devils Lake generally does not undergo thermal stratification during open-water periods but does undergo inverse thermal stratification in the winter. Vertical variability of water-column properties during open-water periods generally was small, but near-bottom dissolved oxygen was less than near-surface dissolved oxygen during summer sampling periods. The potential exists for establishment of near-bottom anoxia during the summer and during the winter. </p><p>Concentrations of all major ions generally increased eastward through Devils Lake and East Devils Lake, but sodium, sulfate, and chloride were enriched relative to the other major ions.</p><p>Dissolved-solids concentrations varied both spatially and seasonally. Median dissolvedsolids concentrations generally increased from west to east. Dissolved-solids concentrations generally were largest in the winter when ions were concentrated because of ice formation and smallest in the spring when water was diluted because of icemelt, surface-water inflow, and seasonal precipitation. Dissolved-solids concentrations generally increased in the summer and fall when evaporation exceeded surface-water inflow and precipitation. Although the dissolvedsolids concentration of Devils Lake generally fluctuates inversely with water level, the dissolvedsolids mass generally fluctuates directly with water level. During periods of extremely low water levels, dissolved solids may be lost from Devils Lake.</p><p>Concentrations of nutrients in the euphoric zone varied spatially and seasonally. Dissolved nitrite and dissolved nitrite plus nitrate concentrations generally were below the detection limit of 0.10 milligram per liter. Total ammonia and dissolved ammonia concentrations generally were below 0.10 milligram per liter, except during winter sampling periods. Total nitrogen concentrations were extremely large and generally were similar to concentrations reported for hypereutrophic systems. Total nitrogen concentrations commonly were between 1.0 and 8.6 milligrams per liter. Total ammonia, dissolved ammonia, and total nitrogen concentrations generally were larger at shallower sampling sites than at deeper sampling sites; sediment-water interactions may influence concentrations of nitrogen species. The ratio of sediment surface area&nbsp;to lake volume for a given part of the lake may partly explain spatial variability in concentrations of nitrogen species.</p><p>Total nitrogen concentrations generally were smallest in the fall, increased in the winter, remained the same or decreased slightly in the spring, and increased again in the summer. Phosphorus concentrations generally were smallest in the fall, increased in the winter, decreased in the spring, and increased again in the summer. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri954081","usgsCitation":"Sando, S.K., and Lent, R.M., 1995, Spatial and seasonal variability in water quality of Devils Lake, North Dakota, September 1988 through October 1990: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4081, v, 41 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri954081.","productDescription":"v, 41 p.","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":159675,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4081/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58365,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4081/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e6e1e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sando, Steven K. 0000-0003-1206-1030 sksando@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1206-1030","contributorId":1016,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sando","given":"Steven","email":"sksando@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":201662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lent, Robert M. rmlent@usgs.gov","contributorId":284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lent","given":"Robert","email":"rmlent@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":201663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":23831,"text":"ofr95737 - 1995 - Assessment of the subsurface hydrology of the UIC-NARL main camp, near Barrow, Alaska, 1993-94","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:01","indexId":"ofr95737","displayToPublicDate":"1996-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-737","title":"Assessment of the subsurface hydrology of the UIC-NARL main camp, near Barrow, Alaska, 1993-94","docAbstract":"Imikpuk Lake serves as the drinking-water source for the Ukpeagvik Inupiat Corporation-National Arctic Research Laboratory (UIC-NARL, formerly known as the Naval Arctic Research Laboratory) near Barrow, Alaska. Previously acceptable hazardous-waste disposal practices and accidental releases of various fuels and solvents during the past several decades have resulted in contamination of soil and ground water in the vicinity of the lake. As part of an assessment of the risk that subsurface contamination poses to the quality of water in the lake, the subsurface hydrology of the UIC-NARL main camp was examined. The study area is located approximately 530 kilometers north of the Arctic Circle, on the northern coast of Alaska, and the short annual thaw season and the presence of shallow, areally continuous permafrost restrict hydrologic processes. A transient ground-water system is present within the active layer-the shallow subsurface layer that thaws each summer and refreezes each winter. Water-level and thaw-depth data collected during the summers of 1993 and 1994 show that the configurations of both the water table and the subsurface frost govern the ground- water flow system in the UIC-NARL main camp and indicate that recharge to and discharge from the system are small. Spatial irregularities in the vertical extent of the active layer result from variations in land-surface elevation, variations in soil type, and the presence of buildings and other structures that either act as a heat source or block heat transfer to and from the subsurface. Distinct features in the active-layer hydrologic system in the UIC-NARL main camp include a permafrost ridge, which generally acts as a flow-system divide between the Arctic Ocean and inland water bodies; a mound in the water table, which indicates increased impedance to ground- water flow toward Imikpuk Lake and acts as a flow-system divide between the lake and Middle Salt Lagoon; and a depression in the water table, which suggests a local breach in the permafrost ridge that allows some ground water to flow directly from the main camp to the Arctic Ocean. Similar thaw depths and water-table elevations were measured during the summers of 1993 and 1994, and little change occurred in the thickness of the ground-water zone between mid- and late-thaw- season measurements. These data suggest that the system is in a state of quasi-equilibrium and that ground-water discharge is small. The observed drop in the water table as the active layer develops over the summer is probably largely the result of evapotranspiration losses rather than system outflow.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nEarth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr95737","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"McCarthy, K.A., and Solin, G., 1995, Assessment of the subsurface hydrology of the UIC-NARL main camp, near Barrow, Alaska, 1993-94: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-737, iv, 23 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95737.","productDescription":"iv, 23 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":154863,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0737/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53043,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0737/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abae4b07f02db671d0e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCarthy, K. A.","contributorId":107309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCarthy","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Solin, G. L.","contributorId":106132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Solin","given":"G. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":24412,"text":"ofr95668 - 1995 - Cruise report for C1-94-OW; reconnaissance high resolution geopulse data acquired for seismic hazard studies along the Columbia River from July 18-22, 1994","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:14","indexId":"ofr95668","displayToPublicDate":"1996-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-668","title":"Cruise report for C1-94-OW; reconnaissance high resolution geopulse data acquired for seismic hazard studies along the Columbia River from July 18-22, 1994","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nOpen-File Reports-ESIC, distributor,","doi":"10.3133/ofr95668","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Ryan, H.F., and Stevenson, A., 1995, Cruise report for C1-94-OW; reconnaissance high resolution geopulse data acquired for seismic hazard studies along the Columbia River from July 18-22, 1994: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-668, 38 p :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95668.","productDescription":"38 p :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157089,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0668/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53499,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0668/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad0e4b07f02db6808b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ryan, H. F.","contributorId":18002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryan","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stevenson, A.J.","contributorId":27864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stevenson","given":"A.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":24034,"text":"ofr95324 - 1995 - Withdrawals of ground water and surface water in New Jersey, 1989-90","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:15","indexId":"ofr95324","displayToPublicDate":"1996-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-324","title":"Withdrawals of ground water and surface water in New Jersey, 1989-90","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nEarth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr95324","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Nawyn, J., and Clawges, R., 1995, Withdrawals of ground water and surface water in New Jersey, 1989-90: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-324, v [i.e. vi], 52 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95324.","productDescription":"v [i.e. vi], 52 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":156728,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0324/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53204,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0324/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dae4b07f02db5e026b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nawyn, J. P.","contributorId":29016,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nawyn","given":"J. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clawges, R.M.","contributorId":24779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clawges","given":"R.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
]}