{"pageNumber":"3852","pageRowStart":"96275","pageSize":"25","recordCount":185189,"records":[{"id":23846,"text":"ofr95672 - 1995 - Sampling protocol used at the Cathedral of Learning in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:08","indexId":"ofr95672","displayToPublicDate":"1996-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-672","title":"Sampling protocol used at the Cathedral of Learning in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr95672","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"McGee, E.S., 1995, Sampling protocol used at the Cathedral of Learning in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-672, 11 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95672.","productDescription":"11 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":156616,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0672/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53066,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0672/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ee4b07f02db5fddc1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGee, E. S.","contributorId":75927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGee","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":24796,"text":"ofr95394 - 1995 - Water-quality data for selected sites on Reversed, Rush, and Alger Creeks and Gull and Silver Lakes, Mono County, California, April 1994 to March 1995","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:17","indexId":"ofr95394","displayToPublicDate":"1996-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-394","title":"Water-quality data for selected sites on Reversed, Rush, and Alger Creeks and Gull and Silver Lakes, Mono County, California, April 1994 to March 1995","docAbstract":"Water-quality data for selected sites on Reversed, Rush, and Alger Creeks and Gull and Silver Lakes, Mono County, California, were collected from April 1994 to March 1995. Water samples were analyzed for major ions and trace elements, nutrients, methylene blue active substances, and oil and grease. Field measurements were made for discharge, specific conductance, pH, water temperature, barometric pressure, dissolved oxygen, and alkalinity. Additional data collected include vertical water profiles of specific conductance, pH, water temperature, and dissolved oxygen collected at 3.3-foot intervals for Gull and Silver Lakes; chlorophyll-a and -b concentrations and Secchi depth for Gull and Silver Lakes; sediment interstitial- water nutrient concentrations in cores from Gull Lake; and lake surface and volume of Gull and Silver Lakes.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nU.S.G.S. Earth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr95394","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Wang, B., Rockwell, G., and Blodgett, J.C., 1995, Water-quality data for selected sites on Reversed, Rush, and Alger Creeks and Gull and Silver Lakes, Mono County, California, April 1994 to March 1995: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-394, iv, 54 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95394.","productDescription":"iv, 54 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157501,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0394/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53809,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0394/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5facc2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wang, Bronwen 0000-0003-1044-2227 bwang@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1044-2227","contributorId":2351,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Bronwen","email":"bwang@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":192579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rockwell, G.L.","contributorId":47408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rockwell","given":"G.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Blodgett, J. C.","contributorId":32154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blodgett","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":30309,"text":"wri934178 - 1995 - Indicators of the sources and distribution of nitrate in water from shallow domestic wells in agricultural areas of the New Jersey Coastal Plain","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:02","indexId":"wri934178","displayToPublicDate":"1996-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-4178","title":"Indicators of the sources and distribution of nitrate in water from shallow domestic wells in agricultural areas of the New Jersey Coastal Plain","docAbstract":"Previously collected and new water-quality data from shallow wells (screened interval less than 30 meters below the land surface) in predominantly agricultural areas of the New Jersey Coastal Plain were used to determine the relation of nitrate concentrations in shallow ground water to various hydrogeologic and land-use factors in the study area. Information on land use, well construction, hydrogeology, and water quality were used to predict the conditions under which concentrations of nitrate as nitrogen in water from domestic wells in predominantly agricultural areas are most likely to be equal to or larger than the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency maximum contaminant level (MCL) of 10 milligrams per liter.  Results of the analyses of water-quality samples collected during 1980-89 from 230 shallow wells in the outcrop areas of the Kirkwood-Cohansey and Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer systems were used to evaluate the regional effects of land use on shallow-ground-water quality. Results of statistical analysis indicate that concentrations of nitrate in shallow ground water are significantly different (p= 0.001) in agricultural areas than in undeveloped areas in both aquifer systems. Concentrations of nitrate nitrogen exceeded the MCL in water from more than 33 percent of the 60 shallow wells in agricultural areas. Concentrations of hitrate in water from shallow wells in agricultural areas increased as the percentage of agricultural land within an 800-meter-radius buffer zone of the wellhead increased (r= 0.81). Concentrations ofhitrate in water from domestic wells in agricultural areas were similar (p= 0.23) to those concentrations in water from irrigation wells. These results indicate that most of the nitrate in water from domestic wells in agricultural areas results from agricultural practices rather than other sources, such as septic systems.  Water-quality samples collected from 12 shallow domestic wells in agricultural areas screened in the outcrop areas of the Kirkwood-Cohansey and Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer systems were used to evaluate the local effects of hydrogeologic conditions and land-use activities on shallow-ground-water quality. Concentrations of water-quality constituents in these wells were similar among four sampling events over a l-year span. The concentration of hitrate in water from 6 of the 12 wells exceeded the MCL. Concentrations of nitrate greater than the MCL are associated with: values of specific conductance greater than 200 microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius, a screened interval whose top is less than 20 meters below land surface, concentrations of dissolved oxygen greater than 6 milligrams per liter, presence of pesticides in the ground water, a distance of less than 250 meters between the wellhead and the surfacewater divide, and presence of livestock near the wellhead. Ratios of stable isotopes of nitrogen in the water samples indicate that the source of hitrate in the ground water was predominantly chemical fertilizers rather than livestock wastes or effluent from septic systems.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nU.S.G.S. Earth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri934178","usgsCitation":"Vowinkel, E.F., and Tapper, R.J., 1995, Indicators of the sources and distribution of nitrate in water from shallow domestic wells in agricultural areas of the New Jersey Coastal Plain: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 93-4178, vii, 48 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri934178.","productDescription":"vii, 48 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123947,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4178/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59101,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4178/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f3e4b07f02db5ef6ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vowinkel, Eric F.","contributorId":53788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vowinkel","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tapper, Robert J.","contributorId":107745,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tapper","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":23080,"text":"ofr95662 - 1995 - Shore and lakebed erosion; response to changing levels of Lake Erie at Maumee Bay State Park, Ohio","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:06","indexId":"ofr95662","displayToPublicDate":"1996-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-662","title":"Shore and lakebed erosion; response to changing levels of Lake Erie at Maumee Bay State Park, Ohio","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Ohio DNR, Division of Geological Survey, Lake Erie Geology Group,","doi":"10.3133/ofr95662","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Fuller, J.A., 1995, Shore and lakebed erosion; response to changing levels of Lake Erie at Maumee Bay State Park, Ohio: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-662, 31 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95662.","productDescription":"31 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155577,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0662/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52446,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0662/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fae4b07f02db5f3fb1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fuller, J. A.","contributorId":29838,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":23701,"text":"ofr95411 - 1995 - Overview of environmental and hydrogeologic conditions at Dutch Harbor, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:10","indexId":"ofr95411","displayToPublicDate":"1996-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-411","title":"Overview of environmental and hydrogeologic conditions at Dutch Harbor, Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nEarth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr95411","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Lemke, K., and Vanderpool, A., 1995, Overview of environmental and hydrogeologic conditions at Dutch Harbor, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-411, 32 p. p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95411.","productDescription":"32 p. p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":156312,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0411/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52949,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0411/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae4e4b07f02db68a35e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lemke, K.J.","contributorId":12519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lemke","given":"K.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vanderpool, A.M.","contributorId":14451,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vanderpool","given":"A.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":23239,"text":"ofr95424 - 1995 - Methods of conducting air-pressurized slug tests and computation of type curves for estimating transmissivity and storativity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-07T11:15:37","indexId":"ofr95424","displayToPublicDate":"1996-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-424","title":"Methods of conducting air-pressurized slug tests and computation of type curves for estimating transmissivity and storativity","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr95424","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Greene, E.A., and Shapiro, A.M., 1995, Methods of conducting air-pressurized slug tests and computation of type curves for estimating transmissivity and storativity: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-424, v, 43 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95424.","productDescription":"v, 43 p. ","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":155332,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0424/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52534,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0424/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a54e4b07f02db62bca2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Greene, Earl A. 0000-0002-9479-0829 eagreene@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9479-0829","contributorId":3518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greene","given":"Earl","email":"eagreene@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":189709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shapiro, Allen M. 0000-0002-6425-9607 ashapiro@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6425-9607","contributorId":2164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shapiro","given":"Allen","email":"ashapiro@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":189708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":23067,"text":"ofr95768 - 1995 - Listings of model input and selected output values for the simulation of ground-water flow near Los Alamos, North-central New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-17T15:07:50","indexId":"ofr95768","displayToPublicDate":"1996-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-768","title":"Listings of model input and selected output values for the simulation of ground-water flow near Los Alamos, North-central New Mexico","docAbstract":"This report contains listings of model input and selected output \nvalues for the simulation of ground-water flow near Los Alamos, north-\ncentral New Mexico. This simulation was developed by the U.S. \nGeological Survey in cooperation with Los Alamos National Laboratory \n(Frenzel, P.F., 1995, Geohydrology and simulation of ground-water flow \nnear Los Alamos, north-central New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey \nWater-Resources Investigations Report 95-4091). The simulation used the \nU.S. Geological Survey modular flow model code (McDonald, M.G., and \nHarbaugh, A.W., 1988, A modular three-dimensional finite-difference \nground-water flow model: Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations \nof the United States Geological Survey, book 6, chap. A1). The listings \nin this report are in compressed format on a 1.44-megabyte IBM-PC1 \ncompatible floppy disk. Software is included for decompression to ASCII \nformat.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;Can be purchased from U.S. Geological Survey Earth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr95768","issn":"0094-9140","collaboration":"The USGS does not support this software or technical questions for the software associated with the publication.","usgsCitation":"Frenzel, P.F., 1995, Listings of model input and selected output values for the simulation of ground-water flow near Los Alamos, North-central New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-768, 6 p. 1 computer disk ;3 1/2 in., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95768.","productDescription":"6 p. 1 computer disk ;3 1/2 in.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155531,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0768/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52437,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0768/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":277690,"type":{"id":4,"text":"Application Site"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0768/application.zip"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4f07","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frenzel, P. F.","contributorId":98726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frenzel","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":38242,"text":"pp1567 - 1995 - Ecoregions of Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-29T10:56:50","indexId":"pp1567","displayToPublicDate":"1996-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1567","title":"Ecoregions of Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>This publication represents a milestone in the U.S. global change research program on the land characterization of Arctic land processes. The book describes 20 ecological regions and includes a folded, color-coded map that shows them. The map legend summarizes the characteristics of each region and has 41 color photographs of representative sites. The map and accompanying information should prove helpful in making practical decisions concerning land management planning and in determining the availability of natural resources.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp1567","usgsCitation":"Gallant, A.L., Binnian, E.F., Omernik, J., and Shasby, M., 1995, Ecoregions of Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1567, Report: iv, 73 p.; Plate: 39.00 x 20.50 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1567.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 73 p.; Plate: 39.00 x 20.50 inches","numberOfPages":"78","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":64615,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1567/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":64616,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1567/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":104681,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_4931.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"4931"},{"id":121557,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1567/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -140.888671875,\n              69.77895177646761\n            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,{"id":22186,"text":"ofr95378 - 1995 - Studies of the San Francisco Bay, California, estuarine ecosystem: Pilot regional monitoring program results, 1994","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-08T12:58:08","indexId":"ofr95378","displayToPublicDate":"1996-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-378","title":"Studies of the San Francisco Bay, California, estuarine ecosystem: Pilot regional monitoring program results, 1994","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr95378","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Edmunds, J.L., Cole, B., Cloern, J., Caffrey, J., and Jassby, A., 1995, Studies of the San Francisco Bay, California, estuarine ecosystem: Pilot regional monitoring program results, 1994: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-378, 440 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95378.","productDescription":"440 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":155018,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0378/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51622,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0378/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -123.0523681640625,\n              37.37015718405753\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.66259765625001,\n              37.37015718405753\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.66259765625001,\n              38.199338565983844\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.0523681640625,\n              38.199338565983844\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.0523681640625,\n              37.37015718405753\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699de5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Edmunds, Jody L.","contributorId":10452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edmunds","given":"Jody","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cole, B.E.","contributorId":66268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cole","given":"B.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cloern, J. E.","contributorId":59453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cloern","given":"J. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Caffrey, J.M.","contributorId":98750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caffrey","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jassby, A.D.","contributorId":43798,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jassby","given":"A.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":22880,"text":"ofr95594 - 1995 - Digital seismic recordings of the May 23, 1995, demolition of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:54","indexId":"ofr95594","displayToPublicDate":"1996-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-594","title":"Digital seismic recordings of the May 23, 1995, demolition of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr95594","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Dietel, C., 1995, Digital seismic recordings of the May 23, 1995, demolition of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-594, 14 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95594.","productDescription":"14 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":154494,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0594/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52290,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0594/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a94e4b07f02db659470","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dietel, C.M.","contributorId":11245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dietel","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":23269,"text":"ofr95438 - 1995 - Overview of environmental and hydrogeologic conditions at Lake Minchumina and Skwentna, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:02","indexId":"ofr95438","displayToPublicDate":"1996-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-438","title":"Overview of environmental and hydrogeologic conditions at Lake Minchumina and Skwentna, Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nU.S.G.S. Earth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr95438","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Hall, J., 1995, Overview of environmental and hydrogeologic conditions at Lake Minchumina and Skwentna, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-438, 1 v. 29 p.  :ill. maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95438.","productDescription":"1 v. 29 p.  :ill. maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155918,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0438/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52555,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0438/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae4e4b07f02db68a359","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hall, J.D.","contributorId":67112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hall","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":19383,"text":"ofr95403 - 1995 - Overview of environmental and hydrogeologic conditions near Big Lake, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:24","indexId":"ofr95403","displayToPublicDate":"1996-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-403","title":"Overview of environmental and hydrogeologic conditions near Big Lake, Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nEarth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr95403","usgsCitation":"Hogan, E., 1995, Overview of environmental and hydrogeologic conditions near Big Lake, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-403, 1 v. 59 p.  :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95403.","productDescription":"1 v. 59 p.  :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":151129,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0403/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":48857,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0403/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae4e4b07f02db68a28d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hogan, E.V.","contributorId":101688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hogan","given":"E.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":180782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":27945,"text":"wri954054 - 1995 - Streamflow to the Gulf of Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-16T14:59:20","indexId":"wri954054","displayToPublicDate":"1996-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-4054","title":"Streamflow to the Gulf of Mexico","docAbstract":"<p>Fifty-four major streams discharging directly to the Gulf of Mexico and having drainage areas exceeding 200 square miles were identified in the United States. Forty-four U.S. Geological Survey streamflow-gaging stations along the Gulf of Mexico with at least 40 years of daily streamflow data also were identified. These stations include most of the major streams and comprise 95 percent of the drainage area to the Gulf from the United States.</p>\n<p>Daily mean values of continuously monitored streamflow were aggregated, annually and monthly, for selected stations. The mean, minimum, and maximum values were determined for the aggregated data for each station.</p>\n<p>Statistical and graphical representations of temporal trends in streamflow are given for stations included in this report. Substantial percentage changes in annual and monthly streamflow between early (before 1963) and late (1963-90) time periods describe long-term temporal trends in streamflow for most of the 44 long-term stations. Graphical representations of long- and short-term temporal trends are presented for total gaged annual mean streamflow for each of 12 segments dividing the Gulf Coast.</p>\n<p>Temporal trends in streamflow were related to major factors that affect streamflow: precipitation, land use, withdrawals of surface water, reservoir operations, and other factors. Low- and highstreamflow periods are related to extremes in precipitation; substantial increases in streamflow are associated with urbanization; decreases in streamflow are coincident with increases in withdrawals of surface water; and increases in minimum streamflows and decreases in maximum streamflows are associated with increases in the number of reservoirs. Other factors (springflow, soil composition, and effluent discharges) affect monthly minimum streamflow for some stations.</p>\n<p>Seasonal or monthly distributions of streamflow were determined for each of the 44 long-term stations; months with high or low streamflow are presented for each station. Precipitation is the primary factor that affects the distributions of streamflow. Other factors that affect streamflow distributions include land use in urban areas, withdrawals of surface water for irrigation, and reservoir operation.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/wri954054","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf of Mexico Program","usgsCitation":"Judd, L.J., 1995, Streamflow to the Gulf of Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4054, iv, 27 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri954054.","productDescription":"iv, 27 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science 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      29.036960648558267\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.34033203125,\n              29.0945770775118\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.47216796875,\n              29.267232865200878\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.04345703125,\n              29.420460341013133\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.52685546875,\n              29.458731185355344\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.01025390625,\n              29.554345125748267\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.4716796875,\n              29.554345125748267\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.91113281249999,\n              29.477861195816843\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.54833984375,\n              29.34387539941801\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.11962890625,\n              29.05616970274342\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.86669921875,\n              28.57487404744697\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.50390625,\n              28.188243641850313\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.03125,\n              27.702983735525834\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.294921875,\n              27.176469131898898\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.18505859374999,\n              26.43122806450644\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.09716796875,\n              25.93828707492375\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.470703125,\n              25.799891182088334\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.7783203125,\n              26.017297563851745\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.1298828125,\n              26.017297563851745\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.63525390624999,\n              26.23430203240673\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.07470703125,\n              26.352497858154\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.4482421875,\n              26.96124577052697\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.49218749999999,\n              27.15692045688088\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.51416015625,\n              27.547241546253293\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.82177734375,\n              27.761329874505233\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.95361328125,\n              27.97499795326776\n            ],\n            [\n              -100.0634765625,\n              28.188243641850313\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.95361328125,\n              33.44977658311846\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4cf3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Judd, L. J.","contributorId":70807,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Judd","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":24679,"text":"ofr95419 - 1995 - Surface water discharge and evapotranspiration rates for grass and bare soil along a reach of the Rio Grande, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 1989-95","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:21","indexId":"ofr95419","displayToPublicDate":"1996-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-419","title":"Surface water discharge and evapotranspiration rates for grass and bare soil along a reach of the Rio Grande, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 1989-95","docAbstract":"The surface-water hydrologic system of the Rio Grande in the\r\nAlbuquerque, New Mexico, area is composed of the Rio Grande; \r\nirrigation drains, laterals, canals, and ditches; evapotranspiration; \r\nand ground-water recharge. Two east-west cross sections were \r\nestablished to measure surface water entering the study area (north \r\nsection) and exiting the study area (south section). Data for the \r\ncalculation of surface-water discharge were collected once every 4 \r\nto 8 weeks from August 1989 through February 1995. Discharge of the \r\nRio Grande at the north section ranged from 22 to 5,900 cubic feet per\r\nsecond. Discharge of the Rio Grande at the south section ranged from \r\n21 to 6,060 cubic feet per second.\r\n\r\n     Data from six areas (three grass-covered areas and three\r\nbare-soil areas) were collected for the calculation of \r\nevapotranspiration rates from February 1990 through August 1991.\r\nThe evapotranspiration rate from the grass-covered areas ranged \r\nfrom 0.15 to 4.7 millimeters per day; the evapotranspiration rate\r\nfrom the bare-soil areas ranged from 0.13 to 6.4 millimeters per\r\nday.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey, [Water Resources Division, New Mexico District] ;","doi":"10.3133/ofr95419","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Thorn, C.R., 1995, Surface water discharge and evapotranspiration rates for grass and bare soil along a reach of the Rio Grande, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 1989-95: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-419, iv, 23 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95419.","productDescription":"iv, 23 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157756,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0419/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53702,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0419/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db698226","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thorn, C. R.","contributorId":100879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thorn","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":24955,"text":"ofr95721 - 1995 - Isopachs of Quaternary deposits, Fremont 1- by 2- degree Quadrangle and part of Omaha Quadrangle, Nebraska, digitized from a published 1:250,000-scale geologic map","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-17T14:59:38","indexId":"ofr95721","displayToPublicDate":"1996-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-721","title":"Isopachs of Quaternary deposits, Fremont 1- by 2- degree Quadrangle and part of Omaha Quadrangle, Nebraska, digitized from a published 1:250,000-scale geologic map","docAbstract":"A geologic map showing the isopachs of Quaternary deposits in the Fremont and part of the Omaha, Nebraska, 1- by 2-degree quadrangles was published at a scale of 1:250,000 in 1975 (Burchett and others, 1975). This report describes the conversion of Quaternary thickness data into a digital geographic data set. A film separation of the published isopachs was scan-digitized and processed to produce digital geographic data. Geographic feature attributes and data-set documentation also are included in the digital data set. The digital data set are formatted for distribution with accordance with the Spatial Data Transfer Standard approved by the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr95721","issn":"0094-9140","collaboration":"The USGS does not support this software or technical questions for the software associated with the publication.","usgsCitation":"Zelt, R.B., and Patton, E., 1995, Isopachs of Quaternary deposits, Fremont 1- by 2- degree Quadrangle and part of Omaha Quadrangle, Nebraska, digitized from a published 1:250,000-scale geologic map (Diskette version.): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-721, 1 computer disk ;3 1/2 in., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95721.","productDescription":"1 computer disk ;3 1/2 in.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157330,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":277676,"type":{"id":4,"text":"Application Site"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0721/application.zip"}],"edition":"Diskette version.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa7e4b07f02db6670ca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zelt, R. B.","contributorId":34913,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zelt","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Patton, E.J.","contributorId":67549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patton","given":"E.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":29290,"text":"wri954198 - 1995 - Estimation of sediment-discharge reduction for two sites of the Yazoo River basin demonstration erosion control project, north-central Mississippi, 1985-94","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:45","indexId":"wri954198","displayToPublicDate":"1996-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-4198","title":"Estimation of sediment-discharge reduction for two sites of the Yazoo River basin demonstration erosion control project, north-central Mississippi, 1985-94","docAbstract":"Sediment-discharge reduction was estimated at two Demonstration Erosion Control sites in north-central Mississippi for the period 1985 through 1994. Decreasing trends were detected in flow-adjusted sediment discharge at Hotopha Creek near Batesville for the study period. The annual reduction in sediment discharge at this site was about 7 percent (0.68 ton per day per year). Decreasing trends were also detected in flow- adjusted sediment discharge at Otoucalofa Creek Canal near Water Valley for the study period. The annual reduction in sediment discharge at this site was about 11 percent (5.33 tons per day per year). The computations used to estimate sediment-discharge reduction were based on time series of instantaneous sediment discharges for the study period. Non-parametric procedures were used to compute trends in sediment discharge and to quantify reductions over time at the two sites. Parametric procedures were then used to verify the non-parametric results.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nEarth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section, [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri954198","usgsCitation":"Rebich, R., 1995, Estimation of sediment-discharge reduction for two sites of the Yazoo River basin demonstration erosion control project, north-central Mississippi, 1985-94: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4198, iii, 17 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri954198.","productDescription":"iii, 17 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":126638,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4198/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58134,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4198/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fb22d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rebich, R.A.","contributorId":20788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rebich","given":"R.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":29416,"text":"wri944249 - 1995 - Hydrogeology of the North Coast Limestone aquifer system of Puerto Rico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:57","indexId":"wri944249","displayToPublicDate":"1996-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-4249","title":"Hydrogeology of the North Coast Limestone aquifer system of Puerto Rico","docAbstract":"The North Coast Limestone aquifer system of Puerto Rico is composed of three regional hydrogeologic units: an upper aquifer that contains an underlying saltwater zone near the coast, a middle confining unit, and a lower aquifer. The upper aquifer is unconfined, except in coastal areas where it is locally confined by fine-grained surficial deposits. The upper aquifer is mostly absent in the Rio Piedras area of northeastern Puerto Rico. The confining unit is composed of calcareous claystone, marl, chalky and silicified limestone, and locally clayey fine-grained sandstone. Test hole data indicate that the confining unit is locally leaky in the San Juan metropolitan area. An artesian zone of limited areal extent exists within the middle confining unit, in the central part of the study area. The lower aquifer mostly contains ground water under confined conditions except in the outcrop areas, where it is unconfined. The lower aquifer is thickest and most transmissive in the north-central part of the study area. Water in the lower aquifer is fresh throughout much of the area, but is brackish in some areas near San Juan and Guaynabo.  West of the Rio Grande de Arecibo, the extent of the lower aquifer is uncertain. Data are insufficient to determine whether or not the existing multiple water-bearing units in this area are an extension of the more productive lower aquifer in the Manati to Arecibo area. Zones of moderate permeability exist within small lenses of volcanic conglomerate and sandstone of the San Sebastian Formation, but in general this formation is not a productive aquifer.  Transmissivity values for the upper aquifer range from 200 to more than 280,000 feet squared per day. The transmissivity values for the upper aquifer generally are highest in the area between the Rio de la Plata and Rio Grande de Arecibo, where transmissivity values have been reported to exceed 100,000 feet squared per day in six locations. Transmissivity estimates for the lower aquifer are highest in north central Puerto Rico, where the Lares Limestone and the Montebello Limestone Member of the Cibao Formation have transmissivities as high as 500 and 3,600 feet squared per day, respectively.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nEarth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri944249","usgsCitation":"Rodríguez-Martínez, J., 1995, Hydrogeology of the North Coast Limestone aquifer system of Puerto Rico: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4249, v, 22 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri944249.","productDescription":"v, 22 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":119405,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4249/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58265,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4249/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a05e4b07f02db5f87ae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rodríguez-Martínez, Jesús","contributorId":48149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodríguez-Martínez","given":"Jesús","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":24262,"text":"ofr95639 - 1995 - Hawaiian Volcano Observatory summary 94, Part III; Electronic tilt data, January to December 1994","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:59","indexId":"ofr95639","displayToPublicDate":"1996-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-639","title":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory summary 94, Part III; Electronic tilt data, January to December 1994","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr95639","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Puniwai, G.S., and Largo, A.J., 1995, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory summary 94, Part III; Electronic tilt data, January to December 1994: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-639, 26 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95639.","productDescription":"26 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155057,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0639/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53389,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0639/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6de4b07f02db63f182","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Puniwai, G. S.","contributorId":48588,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Puniwai","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Largo, A. J.","contributorId":29001,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Largo","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":30091,"text":"wri944175 - 1995 - Hydrogeology and water quality in the Graces Quarters area of Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:08","indexId":"wri944175","displayToPublicDate":"1996-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-4175","title":"Hydrogeology and water quality in the Graces Quarters area of Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland","docAbstract":"Graces Quarters was used for open-air testing of chemical-warfare agents from the late 1940's until 1971. Testing and disposal activities have resulted in the contamination of ground water and surface water. The hydrogeology and water quality were examined at three test areas, four disposal sites, a bunker, and a service area on Graces Quarters. Methods of investigation included surface and borehole geophysics, water-quality sampling, water- level measurement, and hydrologic testing. The hydrogeologic framework is complex and consists of a discontinuous surficial aquifer, one or more upper confining units, and a confined aquifer system. Directions of ground-water flow vary spatially and temporally, and results of site investigations show that ground-water flow is controlled by the geology of the area. The ground water and surface water at Graces Quarters generally are unmineralized; the ground water is mildly acidic (median pH is 5.38) and poorly buffered. Inorganic constituents in excess of certain Federal drinking-water regulations and ambient water-quality criteria were detected at some sites, but they probably were present naturally. Volatile and semivolatile organic com- pounds were detected in the ground water and surface water at seven of the nine sites that were investi- gated. Concentrations of organic compounds at two of the nine sites exceeded Federal drinking-water regulations. Volatile compounds in concentrations as high as 6,000 m/L (micrograms per liter) were detected in the ground water at the site known as the primary test area. Concentrations of volatile compounds detected in the other areas ranged from 0.57 to 17 m/L.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nU.S. Geological Survey, Earth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri944175","usgsCitation":"Tenbus, F.J., and Blomquist, J., 1995, Hydrogeology and water quality in the Graces Quarters area of Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4175, vii, 115 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri944175.","productDescription":"vii, 115 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123510,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4175/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58905,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4175/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adae4b07f02db6854e4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tenbus, Frederick J.","contributorId":52145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tenbus","given":"Frederick","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blomquist, Joel D. jdblomqu@usgs.gov","contributorId":3774,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blomquist","given":"Joel D.","email":"jdblomqu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":202661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":29531,"text":"wri934135 - 1995 - Hydrology of Laguna Joyuda, Puerto Rico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:57","indexId":"wri934135","displayToPublicDate":"1996-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-4135","title":"Hydrology of Laguna Joyuda, Puerto Rico","docAbstract":"A study was conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey to define the hydraulic and hydrologic characteristics of the Laguna Joyuda system (in southwestern Puerto Rico) and to determine the water budget of the lagoon. This shallow-water lagoon is connected to the sea by a single canal. Rainfall and evaporation, surface-water, groundwater, and tidal-flow data were collected from December 1, 1985, to April 30, 1988. A conceptual hydrologic model of the lagoon was developed and discharge measurements and modeling were undertaken to quantify the different flow components. The water balance during the 29-month study period was determined by measuring and estimating the different hydrologic components: 4.14 million cubic meters rainfall; 5.38 million cubic meters evaporation; 1.1 8 million cubic meters surface water; and 0.34 million cubic meters ground water. A total of 18.9 million cubic meters ebb flow (tidal outflow) was discharged from the lagoon and 14.4 million cubic meters flood flow (tidal inflow) entered through the canal during the study. Seawater inflow accounted for 71 percent of the water into the lagoon. The storage volume of the lagoon was about 1.55 million cubic meters. The lagoon's hydrologic-budget residual was 4.22 million cubic meters, whereas the sum of the estimated errors for the different hydrologic components amounted to 4.51 million cubic meters. Average flushing rate for the lagoon was estimated at 72 days. During the study, the specific conductance of the lagoon water ranged from 32,000 to 52,000 microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius, whereas the specific conductance of local seawater is about 45,000 to 55,000 microsiemens.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nEarth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri934135","usgsCitation":"Santiago-Rivera, L., and Quinones-Aponte, V., 1995, Hydrology of Laguna Joyuda, Puerto Rico: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 93-4135, v, 26 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri934135.","productDescription":"v, 26 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":119418,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4135/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58368,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4135/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b12e4b07f02db6a28ac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Santiago-Rivera, Luis","contributorId":83888,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Santiago-Rivera","given":"Luis","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Quinones-Aponte, Vicente","contributorId":48552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quinones-Aponte","given":"Vicente","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":31930,"text":"ofr95675B - 1995 - Time-domain geoelectric soundings in Jackson Hole, Wyoming; Part B, Data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:17","indexId":"ofr95675B","displayToPublicDate":"1996-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-675","chapter":"B","title":"Time-domain geoelectric soundings in Jackson Hole, Wyoming; Part B, Data","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr95675B","usgsCitation":"Campbell, D.L., and Nolan, B.T., 1995, Time-domain geoelectric soundings in Jackson Hole, Wyoming; Part B, Data: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-675, 93 p.; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95675B.","productDescription":"93 p.; 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":163811,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0675b/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":60088,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0675b/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a53e4b07f02db62b5b4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Campbell, David L.","contributorId":95447,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nolan, B. Thomas 0000-0002-6945-9659","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6945-9659","contributorId":8905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nolan","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"Thomas","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":207288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":21938,"text":"ofr95643 - 1995 - Metal distribution in overbank sediments from the Alamosa River, south-central Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:50","indexId":"ofr95643","displayToPublicDate":"1996-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-643","title":"Metal distribution in overbank sediments from the Alamosa River, south-central Colorado","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey :\r\n[Can be purchased from U.S. Geological Survey Earth Science Information Center, Books and Open-File Reports Section],","doi":"10.3133/ofr95643","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Stewart, K.C., Briggs, P., Fey, D., Malcolm, M., and Meier, A.L., 1995, Metal distribution in overbank sediments from the Alamosa River, south-central Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-643, 26 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95643.","productDescription":"26 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":153678,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0643/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51413,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0643/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db625923","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stewart, K. C.","contributorId":46519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Briggs, Paul H.","contributorId":107691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Paul H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fey, D.L.","contributorId":44537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fey","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Malcolm, M.J.","contributorId":95064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malcolm","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Meier, A. L.","contributorId":81480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meier","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":22811,"text":"ofr95646 - 1995 - Fractal lognormal percentage assessment of petroleum field sizes in a play-application of a generalized 20/80 law","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:05","indexId":"ofr95646","displayToPublicDate":"1996-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-646","title":"Fractal lognormal percentage assessment of petroleum field sizes in a play-application of a generalized 20/80 law","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr95646","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Crovelli, R., 1995, Fractal lognormal percentage assessment of petroleum field sizes in a play-application of a generalized 20/80 law: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-646, 17 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95646.","productDescription":"17 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155657,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0646/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52241,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0646/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a908b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crovelli, R. A.","contributorId":40969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crovelli","given":"R. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":29155,"text":"wri954009 - 1995 - Surface-geophysical techniques used to detect existing and infilled scour holes near bridge piers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-15T07:01:57","indexId":"wri954009","displayToPublicDate":"1996-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-4009","title":"Surface-geophysical techniques used to detect existing and infilled scour holes near bridge piers","docAbstract":"Surface-geophysical techniques were used with a position-recording system to study riverbed scour near bridge piers. From May 1989 to May 1993. Fathometers, fixed- and swept-frequency con- tinuous seismic-reflection profiling (CSP) systems, and a ground-penetrating radar (GPR) system were used with a laser-positioning system to measure the depth and extent of existing and infilled scour holes near bridge piers. Equipment was purchased commercially and modified when necessary to interface the components and (or) to improve their performance. Three 200-kHz black-and-white chart- recording Fathometers produced profiles of the riverbed that included existing scour holes and exposed pier footings. The Fathometers were used in conjunction with other geophysical techniques to help interpret the geophysical data. A 20-kHz color Fathometer delineated scour-hole geometry and, in some cases, the thickness of fill material in the hole. The signal provided subbottom information as deep as 10 ft in fine-grained materials and resolved layers of fill material as thin as 1 foot thick. Fixed-frequency and swept-frequency CSP systems were evaluated. The fixed-frequency system used a 3.5-, 7.0-, or 14-kHz signal. The 3.5-kHz signal pene- trated up to 50 ft of fine-grained material and resolved layers as thin as 2.5-ft thick. The 14-kHz signal penetrated up to 20 ft of fine-grained material and resolved layers as thin as 1-ft thick. The swept-frequency systems used a signal that swept from 2- to 16-kHz. With this system, up to 50 ft of penetration was achieved, and fill material as thin as 1 ft was resolved. Scour-hole geometry, exposed pier footings, and fill thickness in scour holes were detected with both CSP systems. The GPR system used an 80-, 100-, or 300-megahertz signal. The technique produced records in water up to 15 ft deep that had a specific conductance less than 200x11ms/cm. The 100-MHz signal penetrated up to 40 ft of resistive granular material and resolved layers as thin as 2-ft thick. Scour-hole geometry, the thickness of fill material in scour holes, and riverbed deposition were detected using this technique. Processing techniques were applied after data collection to assist with the interpretation of the data. Data were transferred from the color Fathometer, CSP, and GPR systems to a personal computer, and a commercially available software package designed to process GPR data was used to process the GPR and CSP data. Digital filtering, predictive-deconvolution, and migration algorithms were applied to some of the data. The processed data were displayed and printed as color amplitude or wiggle-trace plots. These processing methods eased and improved the interpretation of some of the data, but some interference from side echoes from bridge piers and multiple reflections remained in the data. The surface-geophysical techniques were applied at six bridge sites in Connecticut. Each site had different water depths, specific conductance, and riverbed materials. Existing and infilled scour holes, exposed pier footings, and riverbed deposition were detected by the surveys. The interpretations of the geophysical data were confirmed by comparing the data with lithologic and (or) probing data.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri954009","usgsCitation":"Placzek, G., and Haeni, F., 1995, Surface-geophysical techniques used to detect existing and infilled scour holes near bridge piers: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4009, v, 44 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri954009.","productDescription":"v, 44 p.","costCenters":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":2341,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri954009","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":159172,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4009/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58029,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4009/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68a82d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Placzek, Gary","contributorId":58295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Placzek","given":"Gary","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haeni, F.P.","contributorId":87105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeni","given":"F.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":19379,"text":"ofr95404 - 1995 - Overview of environmental and hydrogeologic conditions at nine coastal and island sites in south-central and southeast Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:24","indexId":"ofr95404","displayToPublicDate":"1996-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-404","title":"Overview of environmental and hydrogeologic conditions at nine coastal and island sites in south-central and southeast Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nEarth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr95404","usgsCitation":"Hogan, E., 1995, Overview of environmental and hydrogeologic conditions at nine coastal and island sites in south-central and southeast Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-404, 1 v. 90 p.  :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95404.","productDescription":"1 v. 90 p.  :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":151108,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0404/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":48853,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0404/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae4e4b07f02db68a269","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hogan, E.V.","contributorId":101688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hogan","given":"E.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":180777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
]}