{"pageNumber":"3864","pageRowStart":"96575","pageSize":"25","recordCount":185185,"records":[{"id":31684,"text":"ofr95303 - 1995 - Potentiometric surfaces of the intermediate aquifer system, west-central Florida, September 1994","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:01","indexId":"ofr95303","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-303","title":"Potentiometric surfaces of the intermediate aquifer system, west-central Florida, September 1994","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr95303","usgsCitation":"Metz, P.A., 1995, Potentiometric surfaces of the intermediate aquifer system, west-central Florida, September 1994: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-303, 1 over-size sheet. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95303.","productDescription":"1 over-size sheet. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":160000,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":19520,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0303/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad3e4b07f02db682354","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Metz, P. A.","contributorId":68706,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Metz","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":206702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":25502,"text":"wri934208 - 1995 - External quality-assurance results for the National Atmospheric Deposition Program/National Trends Network during 1991","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:14","indexId":"wri934208","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-4208","title":"External quality-assurance results for the National Atmospheric Deposition Program/National Trends Network during 1991","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey used four programs in 1991 to provide external quality assurance for the National Atmospheric Deposition Program/National Trends Network (NADP/NTN). An intersite-comparison program was used to evaluate onsite pH and specific-conductance determinations. The effects of routine sample handling, processing, and shipping of wet-deposition samples on analyte determinations and an estimated precision of analyte values and concentrations were evaluated in the blind-audit program. Differences between analytical results and an estimate of the analytical precision of four laboratories routinely measuring wet deposition were determined by an interlaboratory-comparison program. Overall precision estimates for the precipitation-monitoring system were determined for selected sites by a collocated-sampler program. Results of the intersite-comparison program indicated that 93 and 86 percent of the site operators met the NADP/NTN accuracy goal for pH determinations during the two intersite-comparison studies completed during 1991. The results also indicated that 96 and 97 percent of the site operators met the NADP/NTN accuracy goal for specific-conductance determinations during the two 1991 studies. The effects of routine sample handling, processing, and shipping, determined in the blind-audit program indicated significant positive bias (a=.O 1) for calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, chloride, nitrate, and sulfate. Significant negative bias (or=.01) was determined for hydrogen ion and specific conductance. Only ammonium determinations were not biased. A Kruskal-Wallis test indicated that there were no significant (*3t=.01) differences in analytical results from the four laboratories participating in the interlaboratory-comparison program. Results from the collocated-sampler program indicated the median relative error for cation concentration and deposition exceeded eight percent at most sites, whereas the median relative error for sample volume, sulfate, and nitrate concentration at all sites was less than four percent. The median relative error for hydrogen ion concentration and deposition ranged from 4.6 to 18.3 percent at the four sites and as indicated in previous years of the study, was inversely proportional to the acidity of the precipitation at a given site. Overall, collocated-sampling error typically was five times that of laboratory error estimates for most analytes.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey :\r\nEarth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri934208","usgsCitation":"Nilles, M., Gordon, J., Schroder, L., and Paulin, C., 1995, External quality-assurance results for the National Atmospheric Deposition Program/National Trends Network during 1991: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 93-4208, v, 36 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri934208.","productDescription":"v, 36 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123946,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4208/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54221,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4208/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49c3e4b07f02db5d4811","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nilles, M.A.","contributorId":50553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nilles","given":"M.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gordon, J.D.","contributorId":26684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gordon","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schroder, L.J.","contributorId":31767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schroder","given":"L.J.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":193957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Paulin, C.E.","contributorId":10458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paulin","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":25688,"text":"wri924098 - 1995 - Occurrence and quality of ground water in southwestern King County, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:11","indexId":"wri924098","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"92-4098","title":"Occurrence and quality of ground water in southwestern King County, Washington","docAbstract":"The 250-square mile study area in southwestern King County, Washington is underlain by sediments as much as 2,200 feet thick, deposited during at least four continental glacial/interglacial periods. Published surficial geologic maps and drillers' lithologic logs from about 700 field-located wells were used to prepare 28 geologic sections; these sections were used to delineate 9 hydrogeologic units--5 aquifers, 3 confining beds, and a basal, undifferentiated unit. Two aquifers in these sediments occur at the land surface. Maps depicting the configuration of the tops of three buried aquifers show the extent and the geometry of those aquifers. Maps showing the thickness of two of the three buried aquifers also were prepared. Potentiometric-surface maps for the major aquifers are based on water levels measured in about 400 wells during April 1987. Hydraulic characteristics of the major aquifers are mapped using more than 1,100 specific-capacity calculations and about 240 hydraulic-conductivity determinations from selected wells. Estimates of the average annual recharge to the ground-water system from precipitation for the entire study area were based on relations determined from modeling selected basins. Discharges from the ground-water system were based on estimates of springflow and diffuse seepage from the bluffs surrounding the uplands, and on the quantity of water withdrawn from high-capacity wells. A total of 242 water samples was collected from 217 wells during two mass samplings and analyzed for the presence of common constituents. Samples also were collected and analyzed for heavy metals, boron, detergents, and volatile organic compounds. These analyses indicated there was no widespread degradation of ground-water quality in southwestern King County.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nU.S. Geological Survey, Earth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri924098","usgsCitation":"Woodward, D.G., Packard, F.A., Dion, N.P., and Sumioka, S.S., 1995, Occurrence and quality of ground water in southwestern King County, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 92-4098, v, 69 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri924098.","productDescription":"v, 69 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":110259,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_47662.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"47662"},{"id":122707,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1992/4098/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54450,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1992/4098/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54451,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1992/4098/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54452,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1992/4098/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54453,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1992/4098/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54454,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1992/4098/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afbe4b07f02db69614a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Woodward, D. G.","contributorId":106458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodward","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Packard, F. A.","contributorId":71164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Packard","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dion, N. P.","contributorId":33302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dion","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sumioka, S. S.","contributorId":20747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sumioka","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":25679,"text":"wri924144 - 1995 - Natural radioactivity in, and inorganic chemistry of, ground water in the Kirkwood-Cohansey aquifer system, southern New Jersey, 1983-89","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-15T20:20:37.692354","indexId":"wri924144","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"92-4144","title":"Natural radioactivity in, and inorganic chemistry of, ground water in the Kirkwood-Cohansey aquifer system, southern New Jersey, 1983-89","docAbstract":"

The distribution of naturally occurring radionuclides in ground water of the Kirkwood- Cohansey aquifer system in southern New Jersey was assessed during 1988-89. The Kirkwood-Cohansey aquifer system consists of quartz-sand formations overlain by a feldspar-rich quartz-sand formation, the Bridgeton Formation, that is heavily developed agriculturally. The sum of the concentrations of radium-226 and radium-228 exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency maximum contaminant level (MCL) of 5 pCi/L (picocuries per liter) in 26 of 81 wells from which water samples were analyzed, and gross alpha-particle activity exceeded the MCL of 15 pCi/L in 5 of the 81 samples. The median concentrations of radon-222 and uranium were 280 pCi/L and 0.03 micrograms per liter, respectively. Water in the Kirkwood-Cohansey aquifer system generally is dilute (median dissolved solids concentration, 55 milligrams per liter) and acidic (median pH, 4.90), but concentrations of major ions and acidity are higher in water from wells in areas where the Bridgeton Formation outcrop and agricultural land use are present than in areas where they are absent. Concentrations and activities of radionuclides also were greatest in these areas. Results of statistical analyses indicate that these relations are significant and nonrandom. The positive relation of radionuclide concentration or activity to the presence of geologic outcrop and agricultural land, and a similar relation of the concentration of inorganic constituents to the presence of geologic outcrop and agricultural land, indicate that geochemical processes enhance mobilization of radionuclides in these areas relative to areas where the Bridgeton Formation and agricultural land are absent. The sum of the ccncentrations of radium-226 and radium-228 most likely exceeds the MCL in ground-water samples with nitrate concentrations greater than 5 milligrams per liter.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri924144","usgsCitation":"Kozinski, J., Szabo, Z., Zapecza, O., and Barringer, T.H., 1995, Natural radioactivity in, and inorganic chemistry of, ground water in the Kirkwood-Cohansey aquifer system, southern New Jersey, 1983-89: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 92-4144, viii, 130 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri924144.","productDescription":"viii, 130 p.","costCenters":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":414255,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_47695.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":54444,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1992/4144/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":123746,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1992/4144/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","otherGeospatial":"Kirkwood-Cohansey aquifer system","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.42961619888278,\n 39.7624948836509\n ],\n [\n -75.42961619888278,\n 39.16334044244289\n ],\n [\n -74.29783457045264,\n 39.16334044244289\n ],\n [\n -74.29783457045264,\n 39.7624948836509\n ],\n [\n -75.42961619888278,\n 39.7624948836509\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db698119","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kozinski, Jane","contributorId":59836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kozinski","given":"Jane","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Szabo, Zoltan 0000-0002-0760-9607 zszabo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0760-9607","contributorId":2240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Szabo","given":"Zoltan","email":"zszabo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":194626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zapecza, O. S.","contributorId":22787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zapecza","given":"O. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barringer, T. H.","contributorId":29468,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barringer","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70185358,"text":"70185358 - 1995 - Comment on \"Horizontal aquifer movement in a theis-theim confined system\" by Donald C. Helm","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-04-25T02:26:37.22791","indexId":"70185358","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comment on \"Horizontal aquifer movement in a theis-theim confined system\" by Donald C. Helm","docAbstract":"

In a recent paper, Helm [1994] presents an analysis of horizontal aquifer movement induced by groundwater withdrawal from a confined aquifer in which fluid and grains are incompressible. The analysis considers the aquifer in isolation (ignoring overlying and underlying strata) and assumes that the aquifer deforms purely in the horizontal direction (with no vertical movement). Helm's solution for grain displacement is obtained through introduction of a quantity known as bulk flux, qb, defined as

qb = nvw + (1 - n)vs

where n is porosity, vw is velocity of water, and vs is the velocity of the solid grains. On the basis of the bulk flux concept, Helm develops an explanation for the driving force on the bulk material.

It is our view that Helm's analysis is subject to four limitations. First, Helm's assumption of zero vertical displacement is not supported by field observations and could result in over- estimation of radial displacement. Second, in ignoring the role of overlying and underlying strata, Helm's solution does not yield reliable estimates of aquifer deformation. Third, Helm's solution method works only for problems that involve one spatial coordinate (for example, x or r) but does not generally work for problems involving three-dimensional flow and de- formation. Fourth, Helm's explanation of the driving force on the bulk material is faulty for general three-dimensional problems. The purpose of our comment is to discuss these four issues.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/95WR02713","usgsCitation":"Hsieh, P.A., and Cooley, R.L., 1995, Comment on \"Horizontal aquifer movement in a theis-theim confined system\" by Donald C. Helm: Water Resources Research, v. 31, no. 12, p. 3107-3111, https://doi.org/10.1029/95WR02713.","productDescription":"5 p. ","startPage":"3107","endPage":"3111","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479198,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/95wr02713","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":337920,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d23b92e4b0236b68f82908","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hsieh, Paul A. 0000-0003-4873-4874 pahsieh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4873-4874","contributorId":1634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hsieh","given":"Paul","email":"pahsieh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":39113,"text":"WMA - Office of Quality Assurance","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":685314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cooley, Richard L.","contributorId":8831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooley","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":20778,"text":"ofr95561 - 1995 - Data base of impact craters on Venus based on analysis of Magellan radar images and altimetry data","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":20778,"text":"ofr95561 - 1995 - Data base of impact craters on Venus based on analysis of Magellan radar images and altimetry data","indexId":"ofr95561","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"title":"Data base of impact craters on Venus based on analysis of Magellan radar images and altimetry data"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":24458,"text":"ofr96688 - 1996 - Data base of impact craters on Venus based on analysis of Magellan radar images and altimetry data","indexId":"ofr96688","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"title":"Data base of impact craters on Venus based on analysis of Magellan radar images and altimetry data"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":24458,"text":"ofr96688 - 1996 - Data base of impact craters on Venus based on analysis of Magellan radar images and altimetry data","indexId":"ofr96688","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"title":"Data base of impact craters on Venus based on analysis of Magellan radar images and altimetry data"},"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-24T14:17:03.253101","indexId":"ofr95561","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-561","title":"Data base of impact craters on Venus based on analysis of Magellan radar images and altimetry data","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr95561","usgsCitation":"Schaber, G.G., Kirk, R.L., and Strom, R.G., 1995, Data base of impact craters on Venus based on analysis of Magellan radar images and altimetry data: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-561, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95561.","productDescription":"19 p.","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":1114,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://astrogeology.usgs.gov/Projects/VenusImpactCraters/venus_title.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":153485,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Venus","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c9ae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schaber, Gerald G.","contributorId":12511,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaber","given":"Gerald","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":183234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kirk, Randolph L. 0000-0003-0842-9226 rkirk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0842-9226","contributorId":2765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirk","given":"Randolph","email":"rkirk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":183233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Strom, Robert G.","contributorId":20350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Strom","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":183235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":18011,"text":"ofr9575F - 1995 - Economics and continuous-type oil and gas accumulations in the 1995 National assessment of U.S. oil and gas resources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:26","indexId":"ofr9575F","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-75","chapter":"F","title":"Economics and continuous-type oil and gas accumulations in the 1995 National assessment of U.S. oil and gas resources","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr9575F","usgsCitation":"Attanasi, E.D., Schmoker, J., and Quinn, J.C., 1995, Economics and continuous-type oil and gas accumulations in the 1995 National assessment of U.S. oil and gas resources: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-75, ii, 35 p. ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9575F.","productDescription":"ii, 35 p. ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":150666,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0075f/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":47250,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0075f/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db625a3b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Attanasi, E. D. 0000-0001-6845-7160","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6845-7160","contributorId":107672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Attanasi","given":"E.","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmoker, J. W.","contributorId":69964,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmoker","given":"J. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Quinn, John C.","contributorId":103306,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quinn","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":18987,"text":"ofr95505 - 1995 - Mineralogy and chemistry of hydrothermal chimneys from the northern Cleft Segment, Juan de Fuca Ridge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:30","indexId":"ofr95505","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-505","title":"Mineralogy and chemistry of hydrothermal chimneys from the northern Cleft Segment, Juan de Fuca Ridge","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr95505","usgsCitation":"Friesen, W.B., and Koski, R.A., 1995, Mineralogy and chemistry of hydrothermal chimneys from the northern Cleft Segment, Juan de Fuca Ridge: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-505, 56 p. ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95505.","productDescription":"56 p. ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":151818,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0505/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":48398,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0505/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699e3e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Friesen, Walter B.","contributorId":11239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friesen","given":"Walter","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":180097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Koski, Randolph A. rkoski@usgs.gov","contributorId":2949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koski","given":"Randolph","email":"rkoski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":180096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":19308,"text":"ofr95517 - 1995 - Revised heat capacity values for topaz and staurolite based upon a better analysis of the water content of the samples","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:31","indexId":"ofr95517","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-517","title":"Revised heat capacity values for topaz and staurolite based upon a better analysis of the water content of the samples","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr95517","usgsCitation":"Hemingway, B.S., 1995, Revised heat capacity values for topaz and staurolite based upon a better analysis of the water content of the samples: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-517, 10 p. ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95517.","productDescription":"10 p. ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":151983,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0517/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":48778,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0517/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a16e4b07f02db603c42","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hemingway, Bruch S.","contributorId":19542,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hemingway","given":"Bruch","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":180659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70176138,"text":"70176138 - 1995 - Copper, cadmium, and zinc concentrations in aquatic food chains from the Upper Sacramento River (California) and selected tributaries","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-25T11:38:37","indexId":"70176138","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Copper, cadmium, and zinc concentrations in aquatic food chains from the Upper Sacramento River (California) and selected tributaries","docAbstract":"

Metals enter the Upper Sacramento River above Redding, California, primarily through Spring Creek, a tributary that receives acid-mine drainage from a US EPA Superfund site known locally as Iron Mountain Mine. Waterweed (Elodea canadensis) and aquatic insects (midge larvae, Chironomidae; and mayfly nymphs, Ephemeroptera) from the Sacramento River downstream from Spring Creek contained much higher concentrations of copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), and zinc (Zn) than did similar taxa from nearby reference tributaries not exposed to acid-mine drainage. Aquatic insects from the Sacramento River contained especially high maximum concentrations of Cu (200 mg/kg dry weight in midge larvae), Cd (23 mg/kg dry weight in mayfly nymphs), and Zn (1,700 mg/kg dry weight in mayfly nymphs). Although not always statistically significant, whole-body concentrations of Cu, Cd, and Zn in fishes (threespine stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus; Sacramento sucker, Catostomus occidentalis; Sacramento squawfish, Ptychocheilus grandis; and chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytasch) from the Sacramento River were generally higher than in fishes from the reference tributaries.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF00208378","usgsCitation":"Saiki, M.K., Castleberry, D.T., May, T.W., Martin, B., and Bullard, F.N., 1995, Copper, cadmium, and zinc concentrations in aquatic food chains from the Upper Sacramento River (California) and selected tributaries: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 29, no. 4, p. 484-491, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00208378.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"484","endPage":"491","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328017,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57c6aeffe4b0f2f0cebe46e5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Saiki, M. K.","contributorId":28917,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saiki","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Castleberry, D. T.","contributorId":174130,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Castleberry","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"May, T. W.","contributorId":120590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"May","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Martin, B.A.","contributorId":91269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bullard, F. N.","contributorId":174131,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bullard","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70180334,"text":"70180334 - 1995 - The influence of life history trade-offs and the size of the incubation gravels on egg size variation in sockeye salmon Onchorhynchus nerka","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-27T12:16:16","indexId":"70180334","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2939,"text":"Oikos","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The influence of life history trade-offs and the size of the incubation gravels on egg size variation in sockeye salmon Onchorhynchus nerka","docAbstract":"

Egg size is a critical life history trait, reflecting female investment and affecting off- spring fitness. We investigated several factors which may influence variation in egg weight for sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka). Comparisons were based on col- lections from 18 Alaskan populations, among which adult migration distance and ju- venile rearing habitat were similar but the size composition of incubation gravels was different. Among populations, most of the variation in egg weight could be explained by a positive correlation with different measures of the size composition of incubation gravels (Pearson's r = 0.45-0.91). In contrast, egg weight was poorly correlated with female body length and with female snout length, a morphological feature used during intra-sexual competition. Within each of the Alaskan populations, however, egg weight and snout length were positively correlated with female body length and hence with each other. A positive association between snout length and egg weight was still evident even after the effects of covariance with body size were removed using resid- uals analysis: for all of the fish pooled and within 6 of the 16 populations. A signifi- cant relationship was not detected in the other populations but the trend was neverthe- less positive in 8 of the other 10. Examination of reproductive traits (gonad weight, egg weight, egg number, snout length and hump size) within another population iden- tified a trade-off between egg weight and egg number for females of a given body length. In contrast, positive correlations between reproductive traits were more com- mon, suggesting that energy-rich individuals produce large eggs and large secondary sexual characteristics rather than sacrificing one for the other.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3545987","usgsCitation":"Quinn, T.P., Hendry, A.P., and Wetzel, L.A., 1995, The influence of life history trade-offs and the size of the incubation gravels on egg size variation in sockeye salmon Onchorhynchus nerka: Oikos, v. 74, no. 3, p. 425-438, https://doi.org/10.2307/3545987.","productDescription":"14 p. ","startPage":"425","endPage":"438","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334163,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"74","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"588c6a90e4b08c8121c90910","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Quinn, Thomas P.","contributorId":167272,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Quinn","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":24671,"text":"School of Aquatic and Fsiery Sciences, UW, Box 355020, Seattle, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":661257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hendry, Andrew P.","contributorId":178839,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hendry","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wetzel, Lisa A. 0000-0003-3178-9940 lwetzel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3178-9940","contributorId":3016,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wetzel","given":"Lisa","email":"lwetzel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":661259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":34343,"text":"b1995L - 1995 - Recognition of middle Miocene foraminifers in highly indurated rocks of the Monterey Formation, coastal Santa Maria Province, central California","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":34343,"text":"b1995L - 1995 - Recognition of middle Miocene foraminifers in highly indurated rocks of the Monterey Formation, coastal Santa Maria Province, central California","indexId":"b1995L","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"chapter":"L","title":"Recognition of middle Miocene foraminifers in highly indurated rocks of the Monterey Formation, coastal Santa Maria Province, central California"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":33200,"text":"b1995 - 1991 - Evolution of sedimentary basins/onshore oil and gas investigations: Santa Maria Province","indexId":"b1995","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"title":"Evolution of sedimentary basins/onshore oil and gas investigations: Santa Maria Province"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":33200,"text":"b1995 - 1991 - Evolution of sedimentary basins/onshore oil and gas investigations: Santa Maria Province","indexId":"b1995","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"title":"Evolution of sedimentary basins/onshore oil and gas investigations: Santa Maria Province"},"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-09T14:10:15","indexId":"b1995L","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1995","chapter":"L","title":"Recognition of middle Miocene foraminifers in highly indurated rocks of the Monterey Formation, coastal Santa Maria Province, central California","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Evolution of Sedimentary Basins/Offshore Oil and Gas Investigations--Santa Maria Province","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O ; For sale by U.S Geological Survey, Map Distribution,","doi":"10.3133/b1995L","usgsCitation":"Finger, K.L., 1995, Recognition of middle Miocene foraminifers in highly indurated rocks of the Monterey Formation, coastal Santa Maria Province, central California: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1995, iv, p. L1-L30, ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/b1995L.","productDescription":"iv, p. L1-L30, ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":165879,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1995l/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":62270,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1995l/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a74e4b07f02db6448f2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Finger, Kenneth L.","contributorId":77207,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finger","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":212814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":21507,"text":"ofr95357 - 1995 - Data on ground-water levels and ground-water/surface-water relations in the Great Miami River and Little Miami River valleys, southwestern Ohio","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:49","indexId":"ofr95357","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-357","title":"Data on ground-water levels and ground-water/surface-water relations in the Great Miami River and Little Miami River valleys, southwestern Ohio","docAbstract":"Hydrogeologic data were collected in September, October, and November 1993 to define the ground-water levels and the ground-water/surface-water relations in the vicinity of Dayton, Ohio. In this report, water levels are listed for 678 wells completed in sand and gravel. Data from 101 streamflow measurements made at selected sites along the Great Miami, Stillwater, Mad, and Little Miami Rivers and their tributaries during 2-day gain-loss study also are listed. Surface-water altitudes were determined at 11 stream-gaging stations and 39 other streamflow measurement sites. Discharge data for measurements made at 30 storm-sewer outfalls are given. Streamflow and discharge data obtained during the study were used to calculate the gain or loss of streamflow along 16 selected reaches of the Great Miami, Stillwater, Mad, and Little Miami Rivers. Streambed-conductivity data obtained by use of seepage meters at nine different sites also are given.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nEarth Sciences Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr95357","usgsCitation":"Yost, W.P., 1995, Data on ground-water levels and ground-water/surface-water relations in the Great Miami River and Little Miami River valleys, southwestern Ohio: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-357, iv, 63 p. ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95357.","productDescription":"iv, 63 p. ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":153765,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0357/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51080,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0357/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c852","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yost, William P.","contributorId":57093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yost","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":184561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":21399,"text":"ofr95360 - 1995 - Description of geophysical-log data base for boreholes and wells in and adjacent to the Albuquerque Basin, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-01T18:55:14.423194","indexId":"ofr95360","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-360","title":"Description of geophysical-log data base for boreholes and wells in and adjacent to the Albuquerque Basin, New Mexico","docAbstract":"Digital geophysical logs for boreholes and wells in and \r\nadjacent to the Albuquerque Basin area have been entered into a \r\ndata base established by the New Mexico District of the U.S. \r\nGeological Survey and documented as of September 1994. The logs \r\nwere digitized from paper or mylar copies or were collected as \r\ndigital data during the logging of boreholes and wells. The \r\nlocation of these boreholes and wells with digital geophysical \r\nlogs is shown in a map. The 1,020 logs and the types of logs for\r\nthe 186 sites are listed in a table.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr95360","usgsCitation":"Wilkins, D.W., 1995, Description of geophysical-log data base for boreholes and wells in and adjacent to the Albuquerque Basin, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-360, iv, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95360.","productDescription":"iv, 16 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":50968,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0360/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":409005,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_18459.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":154193,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0360/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Albuquerque Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -107.5,\n 35.75\n ],\n [\n -107.5,\n 34.25\n ],\n [\n -106,\n 34.25\n ],\n [\n -106,\n 35.75\n ],\n [\n -107.5,\n 35.75\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fae4b07f02db5f3da1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilkins, D. W.","contributorId":97471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilkins","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":184358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":26178,"text":"wri954119 - 1995 - Ground-water conditions and effects of mine dewatering in Desert Valley, Humboldt and Pershing Counties, northwestern Nevada, 1962-91","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:29","indexId":"wri954119","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-4119","title":"Ground-water conditions and effects of mine dewatering in Desert Valley, Humboldt and Pershing Counties, northwestern Nevada, 1962-91","docAbstract":"Desert Valley is a 1,200-square-mile, north- trending, structural basin, about 30 miles northwest of Winnemucca, Nevada. Unconsolidated basin-fill deposits exceeding 7,000 feet in thickness constitute the primary ground-water reservoir. Dewatering operations at an open-pit mine began in the Spring of 1985 in the northeast part of Desert Valley. Ground-water withdrawal for mine dewatering in 1991 was greater than three times the estimated average annual recharge from precipitation. The mine discharge water has been allowed to flow to areas west of the mine where it has created an artificial wetlands. This report documents the 1991 hydrologic conditions in Desert Valley and the change in conditions since predevelopment (pre-1962). It also summarizes the results of analyzing the simulated effects of open-pit mine dewatering on a basin-wide scale over time. Water-level declines associated with the dewatering have propagated north and south of the mine, but have been attenuated to the west due to the infiltration beneath the artificial wetlands. Maximum water-level declines beneath the open pits at the mine, as of Spring 1991, are about 300 feet. Changes in the hydrologic conditions since predevelopment are observed predominantly near the dewatering operations and the associated discharge lakes. General ground-water chemistry is essentially unchanged since pre- development. On the basis of a ground-water flow model used to simulate mine dewatering, a new equilibrium may slowly be approached only after 100 years of recovery from the time mine dewatering ceases.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nU.S. Geological Survey, Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri954119","usgsCitation":"Berger, D., 1995, Ground-water conditions and effects of mine dewatering in Desert Valley, Humboldt and Pershing Counties, northwestern Nevada, 1962-91: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4119, vi, 94 p. :ill., maps (some col.) ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri954119.","productDescription":"vi, 94 p. :ill., maps (some col.) ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":121861,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4119/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54979,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4119/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54980,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4119/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66d312","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berger, D.L.","contributorId":106904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berger","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":4486,"text":"cir1120F - 1995 - Propagation and composition of the flood wave on the upper Mississippi River, 1993","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-09T13:40:20","indexId":"cir1120F","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1120","chapter":"F","title":"Propagation and composition of the flood wave on the upper Mississippi River, 1993","docAbstract":"

During spring and summer 1993, record flooding inundated much of the upper Mississippi River Basin. The magnitude of the damages-in terms of property, disrupted business, and personal trauma was unmatched by any other flood disaster in United States history. Property damage alone is expected to exceed $10 billion. Damaged highways and submerged roads disrupted overland transportation throughout the flooded region. The Mississippi and the Missouri Rivers were closed to navigation before, during, and after the flooding. Millions of acres of productive farmland remained under water for weeks during the growing season. Rills and gullies in many tilled fields are the result of the severe erosion that occurred throughout the Midwestern United States farmbelt. The hydrologic effects of extended rainfall throughout the upper Midwestern United States were severe and widespread. The banks and channels of many rivers were severely eroded, and sediment was deposited over large areas of the basin's flood plain. Record flows submerged many areas that had not been affected by previous floods. Industrial and agricultural areas were inundated, which caused concern about the transport and fate of industrial chemicals, sewage effluent, and agricultural chemicals in the floodwaters. The extent and duration of the flooding caused numerous levees to fail. One failed levee on the Raccoon River in Des Moines, Iowa, led to flooding of the city's water treatment plant. As a result, the city was without drinking water for 19 days.

As the Nation's principal water-science agency, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is in a unique position to provide an immediate assessment of some of the hydrological effects of the 1993 flood. The USGS maintains a hydrologic data network and conducts extensive water-resources investigations nationwide. Long-term data from this network and information on local and regional hydrology provide the basis for identifying and documenting the effects of the flooding . During the flood, the USGS provided continuous streamflow and related information to the National Weather Service (NWS), the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), and many State and local agencies as part of its role to provide basic information on the Nation's surface- and ground-water resources at thousands of locations across the United States. The NWS has used the data in forecasting floods and issuing flood warnings. The data have been used by the Corps of Engineers to operate water diversions, dams, locks, and levees. The FEMA and many State and local emergency management agencies have used USGS hydrologic data and NWS forecasts as part of the basis of their local flood-response activities. In addition, USGS hydrologists are conducting a series of investigations to document the effects of the flooding and to improve understanding of the related processes. The major initial findings from these studies will be reported in this Circular series as results become available.

U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1120, Floods in the Upper Mississippi River Basin, 1993, consists of individually published chapters that will document the effects of the 1993 flooding. The series includes data and findings on the magnitude and frequency of peak discharges; precipitation; water-quality characteristics, including nutrients and man-made contaminants; transport of sediment; assessment of sediment deposited on flood plains; effects of inundation on ground-water quality; flood-discharge volume; effects of reservoir storage on flood peaks; stream-channel scour at selected bridges; extent of floodplain inundation; and documentation of geomorphologic changes.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/cir1120F","usgsCitation":"Moody, J.A., 1995, Propagation and composition of the flood wave on the upper Mississippi River, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1120, vi, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1120F.","productDescription":"vi, 21 p.","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":531,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/circ1120-f","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":126636,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/cir_1120_F.bmp"},{"id":352374,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1993/circ1120-f/pdf/circ_1120-f.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65d8ff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moody, John A. 0000-0003-2609-364X jamoody@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2609-364X","contributorId":771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moody","given":"John","email":"jamoody@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":149321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":33154,"text":"b2139 - 1995 - The 1992 eruptions of Crater Peak vent, Mount Spurr Volcano, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-24T20:48:41.796779","indexId":"b2139","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2139","title":"The 1992 eruptions of Crater Peak vent, Mount Spurr Volcano, Alaska","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/b2139","usgsCitation":"1995, The 1992 eruptions of Crater Peak vent, Mount Spurr Volcano, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2139, 220 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/b2139.","productDescription":"220 p.","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":407475,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_22483.htm","text":"Lahars from the 1992 eruptions of Crater Peak, Mount Spurr Volcano, Alaska","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":60972,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/2139/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":163478,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/2139/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":481183,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_22485.htm","text":"Pyroclastic flows of the 1992 Crater Peak eruptions: distribution and origin","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":481184,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_22486.htm","text":"The 1992 eruptions of Crater Peak vent, Mount Spurr Volcano, Alaska: chronology and summary","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":481185,"rank":6,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_22487.htm","text":"Whole-rock major- and trace-element chemistry of 1992 ejecta from Crater Peak, Mount Spurr Volcano, Alaska","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Mount Spurr","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -152.25,\n 61.2\n ],\n [\n -152.167,\n 61.2\n ],\n [\n -152.167,\n 61.272\n ],\n [\n -152.25,\n 61.272\n ],\n [\n -152.25,\n 61.2\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","tableOfContents":"
  1. The 1992 Eruptions of Crater Peak Vent, Mount Spurr Volcano, Alaska: Chronology and Summary By John C. Eichelberger, Terry E.G. Keith, Thomas P. Miller, and Christopher J. Nye
  2. Real-time C-band Radar Observations of 1992 Eruption Clouds from Crater Peak, Mount Spurr Volcano, Alaska By William I. Rose, Alexander B. Kostinski, and Lee Kelley
  3. Tracking of 1992 Eruption Clouds from Crater Peak Vent of Mount Spurr Volcano, Alaska, Using AVHRR By David J. Schneider, William I. Rose, and Lee Kelley
  4. Explosive Emissions of Sulfur Dioxide from the 1992 Crater Peak Eruptions, Mount Spurr Volcano, Alaska By Gregg J.S. Bluth, Courtney J. Scott, lan E. Sprod, Charles C. Schnetzler, Arlin J. Krueger, and Louis S. Walter
  5. Sulfur Dioxide Scrubbing During the 1992 Eruptions of Crater Peak, Mount Spurr Volcano, Alaska By Michael P. Doukas and Terrence M. Gerlach
  6. Chemistry of Crater Lake Waters Prior to the 1992 Eruptions of Crater Peak, Mount Spurr Volcano, Alaska By Terry E.G. Keith, J. Michael Thompson, and Robert G. McGimsey
  7. Tephra-fall Deposits from the 1992 Eruptions of Crater Peak, Mount Spurr Volcano, Alaska: A Preliminary Report on Distribution, Stratigraphy, and Composition By Christina A. Neal, Robert G. McGimsey, Cynthia A. Gardner, Michelle L. Harbin, and Christopher J. Nye
  8. Pyroclastic Flows of the 1992 Crater Peak Eruptions: Distribution and Origin By Thomas P. Miller, Christina A. Neal, and Richard B. Waitt
  9. Ballistic Showers During Crater Peak Eruptions of Mount Spurr Volcano, Summer 1992 By Richard B. Waitt, Larry G. Mastin, and Thomas P. Miller
  10. Hybrid Wet Flows Formed by Hot Pyroclasts Interacting with Snow During the 1992 Eruptions of Crater Peak, Mount Spurr Volcano, Alaska 7By Richard B. Waitt
  11. Whole-rock Major- and Trace-element Chemistry of 1992 Ejecta from Crater Peak, Mount Spurr Volcano, Alaska By Christoper J. Nye, Michelle L. Harbin, Thomas P. Miller, Samuel E. Swanson, and Christina A. Neal
  12. Use of Volcanic Glass from Ash as a Monitoring Tool: An Example from the 1992 Eruptions of Crater Peak, Mount Spurr Volcano, Alaska By Samuel E. Swanson, Michelle L. Harbin, and James R. Riehle
  13. Preliminary Petrology and Chemistry of Proximal Eruptive Products: 1992 Eruptions of Crater Peak, Mount Spurr Volcano, Alaska By Michelle L. Harbin, Samuel E. Swanson, Christoper J. Nye, and Thomas P. Miller
  14. Seismicity and Forecasting of the 1992 Eruptions of Crater Peak Vent, Mount Spurr Volcano, Alaska: An Overview By John A. Power, Arthur D. Jolly, Robert A. Page, and Stephen R. McNutt
  15. Preliminary Analyses of Volcanic Tremor Associated with 1992 Eruptions of Crater Peak, Mount Spurr Volcano, Alaska By Stephen R. McNutt, Guy C. Tytgat, and John A. Power
  16. Lightning Associated with the August 18, 1992, Eruption of Crater Peak Vent, Mount Spurr Volcano, Alaska By John F. Paskievitch, Thomas L. Murray, Richard P. Hoblitt, and Christina A. Neal
  17. Lahars from the 1992 Eruptions of Crater Peak, Mount Spurr Volcano, Alaska By David F. Meyer and Dennis C. Trabant
  18. June 29, 1993, Outburst Flood from Kidazgeni Glacier, Mount Spurr Volcano, Alaska By Christopher J. Nye, William R. Hammond, Guy C. Tytgat, and Joseph M. Dorava
  19. Effects of the 1992 Crater Peak Eruptions on Airports and Aviation Operations in the United States and Canada By Thomas J. Casadevall and M. Dennis
","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad5e4b07f02db6835f5","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Keith, Terry E.C.","contributorId":79099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keith","given":"Terry","email":"","middleInitial":"E.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693062,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":38087,"text":"ofr95181 - 1995 - Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory-Determination of pesticides in water by C-18 solid-phase extraction and capillary-column gas chromatography/mass spectrometry with selected-ion monitoring","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-28T17:29:42.503032","indexId":"ofr95181","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-181","title":"Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory-Determination of pesticides in water by C-18 solid-phase extraction and capillary-column gas chromatography/mass spectrometry with selected-ion monitoring","docAbstract":"A method for the isolation of 41 pesticides and pesticide metabolites in natural-water samples using C-18 solid-phase extraction and determination by capillary-column gas chromatography/mass spectrometry with selected-ion monitoring is described. Water samples are filtered to remove suspended particulate matter and then are pumped through disposable solid-phase extraction columns containing octadecyl-bonded porous silica to extract the pesticides. The columns are dried using carbon dioxide or nitrogen gas, and adsorbed pesticides are removed from the columns by elution with 3.0 milliliters of hexane-isopropanol (3:1). Extracted pesticides are determined by capillary- column gas chromatography/mass spectrometry with selected-ion monitoring of three characteristic ions. The upper concentration limit is 4 micrograms per liter (g/L) for most pesticides, with the exception of widely used corn herbicides--atrazine, alachlor, cyanazine, and metolachlor--which have upper concentration limits of 20 g/L. Single- operator method detection limits in reagent-water samples range from 0.001 to 0.018 g/L. Average short-term single-operator precision in reagent- water samples is 7 percent at the 0.1- and 1.0-g/L levels and 8 percent at the 0.01-g/L level. Mean recoveries in reagent-water samples are 73 percent at the 0.1- and 1.0-g/L levels and 83 percent at the 0.01-g/L level. The estimated holding time for pesticides after extraction on the solid-phase extraction columns was 7 days. An optional on-site extraction procedure allows for samples to be collected and processed at remote sites where it is difficult to ship samples to the laboratory within the recommended pre-extraction holding time.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr95181","usgsCitation":"Zaugg, S.D., Sandstrom, M.W., Smith, S.G., and Fehlberg, K.M., 1995, Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory-Determination of pesticides in water by C-18 solid-phase extraction and capillary-column gas chromatography/mass spectrometry with selected-ion monitoring: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-181, v, 49 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95181.","productDescription":"v, 49 p.","costCenters":[{"id":452,"text":"National Water Quality Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":64351,"rank":299,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0181/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":165097,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0181/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a54e4b07f02db62bc01","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zaugg, Steven D. sdzaugg@usgs.gov","contributorId":768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zaugg","given":"Steven","email":"sdzaugg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":218828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sandstrom, Mark W. 0000-0003-0006-5675 sandstro@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0006-5675","contributorId":706,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sandstrom","given":"Mark","email":"sandstro@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":452,"text":"National Water Quality Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5046,"text":"Branch of Analytical Serv (NWQL)","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":218827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, Steven G. sgsmith@usgs.gov","contributorId":1560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Steven","email":"sgsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":218829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fehlberg, Kevin M.","contributorId":94716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fehlberg","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":218830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":20105,"text":"ofr94457 - 1995 - Computation of the time-varying flow rate from an artesian well in central Dade County, Florida, by analytical and numerical simulation methods","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":20105,"text":"ofr94457 - 1995 - Computation of the time-varying flow rate from an artesian well in central Dade County, Florida, by analytical and numerical simulation methods","indexId":"ofr94457","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"title":"Computation of the time-varying flow rate from an artesian well in central Dade County, Florida, by analytical and numerical simulation methods"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":2300,"text":"wsp2491 - 1997 - Computation of the time-varying flow rate from an artesian well in central Dade County, Florida, by analytical and numerical simulation methods","indexId":"wsp2491","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"title":"Computation of the time-varying flow rate from an artesian well in central Dade County, Florida, by analytical and numerical simulation methods"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":2300,"text":"wsp2491 - 1997 - Computation of the time-varying flow rate from an artesian well in central Dade County, Florida, by analytical and numerical simulation methods","indexId":"wsp2491","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"title":"Computation of the time-varying flow rate from an artesian well in central Dade County, Florida, by analytical and numerical simulation methods"},"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-08T16:20:19.82069","indexId":"ofr94457","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-457","title":"Computation of the time-varying flow rate from an artesian well in central Dade County, Florida, by analytical and numerical simulation methods","docAbstract":"

To construct a digital simulation of a plume of brackish water in the surficial Biscayne aquifer of central Dade County, Florida, that originated from a flowing artesian well, it was necessary to quantify the rate of spillage and the consequent point-source loading of the aquifer. However, a flow-rate measurement (2,350 gallons per minute) made 2 months after drilling of the well in 1944 was inconsistent with later measurements (1,170 gallons per minute) in 1964, 1965, and 1969. Possible explanations were the: (1) drawdown of the aquifer over time; (2) raising of the altitude at which the water was discharged; (3) installation of 80 feet of 8-inch liner; (4) an increase in the density of the flowing water; and (5) gradual deterioration of the well casing. The first approach to reconciling the measured flow rates was to apply a form of the equation for constant-drawdown analysis often used to estimate aquifer transmissivity. Next, a numerical simulation analysis was made that provided the means to account for friction loss in the well and recharge across vertically adjacent confining layers and from lateral boundaries. The numerical analysis required the construction of a generalized model of the subsurface from the surficial Biscayne aquifer to the cavernous, dolomitic Boulder Zone at a depth of 3,000 feet. Calibration of the generalized flow model required that the moddle confining unit of the Floridan aquifer system separating the artesian flow zone in the Upper Floridan aquifer from the Lower Floridan aquifer (the Boulder Zone) have a vertical hydraulic conductivity of at least 1 foot per day. The intermediate confining unit separating the flow zone from the surficial Biscayne aquifer was assigned a much lower hydraulic conductivity (0.01 foot per day or less). The model indicated that the observed mounding of Upper Floridan aquifer heads along the axis of the Florida Peninsula was related to the variable depth of the freshwater and brackish-water zone overlying deeper saline water. The analyses only partly reconciled the two rates. The second rate was accepted as representative of the conditions prevailing at the time of its measurement. On the basis of flowmeter logging, it was assumed that an additional 230 gallons per minute escaped through the corroded casing at that time. Factors not amenable to analysis, such as the inherent inaccuracy of the method of estimating flow from the well and possible error in estimating losses through the casing, could easily account for the remainder of the difference between the two measured rates.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr94457","usgsCitation":"Merritt, M.L., 1995, Computation of the time-varying flow rate from an artesian well in central Dade County, Florida, by analytical and numerical simulation methods: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-457, iv, 47 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr94457.","productDescription":"iv, 47 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":152239,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0457/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":379233,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0457/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","county":"Dade County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.8538818359375,\n 25.095548539604252\n ],\n [\n -79.9969482421875,\n 25.095548539604252\n ],\n [\n -79.9969482421875,\n 26.892679095908164\n ],\n [\n -80.8538818359375,\n 26.892679095908164\n ],\n [\n -80.8538818359375,\n 25.095548539604252\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b19e4b07f02db6a7d48","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Merritt, Michael L.","contributorId":29392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merritt","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":182074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":19512,"text":"ofr95558 - 1995 - A bibliography of Klamath Mountains geology, California and Oregon, listing authors from Aalto to Zucca for the years 1849 to mid-1995","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":19512,"text":"ofr95558 - 1995 - A bibliography of Klamath Mountains geology, California and Oregon, listing authors from Aalto to Zucca for the years 1849 to mid-1995","indexId":"ofr95558","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"title":"A bibliography of Klamath Mountains geology, California and Oregon, listing authors from Aalto to Zucca for the years 1849 to mid-1995"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":51521,"text":"ofr2003306 - 2003 - A bibliography of Klamath Mountains geology, California and Oregon, listing authors from Aalto to Zucca for the years 1849 to Mid-2003","indexId":"ofr2003306","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"title":"A bibliography of Klamath Mountains geology, California and Oregon, listing authors from Aalto to Zucca for the years 1849 to Mid-2003"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":51521,"text":"ofr2003306 - 2003 - A bibliography of Klamath Mountains geology, California and Oregon, listing authors from Aalto to Zucca for the years 1849 to Mid-2003","indexId":"ofr2003306","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"title":"A bibliography of Klamath Mountains geology, California and Oregon, listing authors from Aalto to Zucca for the years 1849 to Mid-2003"},"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-21T12:08:13","indexId":"ofr95558","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-558","title":"A bibliography of Klamath Mountains geology, California and Oregon, listing authors from Aalto to Zucca for the years 1849 to mid-1995","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr95558","usgsCitation":"Irwin, W.P., 1995, A bibliography of Klamath Mountains geology, California and Oregon, listing authors from Aalto to Zucca for the years 1849 to mid-1995: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-558, 151 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95558.","productDescription":"151 p.","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":152636,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0558/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":48970,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0558/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4973e4b0b290850ef2e6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Irwin, William P. (compiler)","contributorId":43412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irwin","given":"William","suffix":"(compiler)","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":181042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":28318,"text":"wri954102 - 1995 - Variations in surface-water quality in the chain of lakes and its tributaries, Devils Lake basin, North Dakota, 1957-92","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-01T12:53:59","indexId":"wri954102","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-4102","title":"Variations in surface-water quality in the chain of lakes and its tributaries, Devils Lake basin, North Dakota, 1957-92","docAbstract":"

Located in the Devils Lake Basin, North Dakota, receives and stores runoff from the northern section of the basin and recharges Devils Lake. Hydrologic and water- quality conditions can vary greatly in the basin, resulting in potential economic damage. This report describes the seasonal and spatial variations in surface-water quality in the chain of lakes and its tributaries.  

\n

Long-term trends in dissolved-solids and nutrient concentrations and instantaneous loads in tributaries upstream and downstream of the chain of lakes are not apparent. However,seasonal variations are apparent. Dissolved-solids concentrations were smaller, and nutrient concentrations were larger, during the spring than during the remainder of the year. Variations in dissolved-solids concentrations are caused by dilution and evaporation. Variations in nutrient concentrations are the result of biologic activity. Instantaneous dissolved-solids and nutrient loads were greater during the spring than during the remainder of the year because of seasonal differences in flow rates.  

\n

Only minimal long-term trends and seasonal variations in dissolved-solids and nutrient concentrations in the chain of lakes are apparent. During the period of record, dissolved-solids concentrations in Sweetwater Lake generally increased, dissolved-solids concentrations in Lake Alice and Lake Irvine varied seasonally, and dissolved phosphorus concentrations in Lake Alice generally increased.  

\n

Spatial variations in dissolved-solids and nutrient concentrations in the basin are apparent.\"  The medians and ranges of dissolved-solids concentrations for the upstream stations were smaller than those for the lake stations and the downstream stations. Dissolved-solids concentrations were larger in Channel A than in Big Coulee, and nutrient concentrations were larger in Big Coulee than in Channel A.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri954102","usgsCitation":"Lent, R., and Zainhofsky, S., 1995, Variations in surface-water quality in the chain of lakes and its tributaries, Devils Lake basin, North Dakota, 1957-92: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4102, vi, 87 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri954102.","productDescription":"vi, 87 p.","numberOfPages":"95","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":159457,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri954102.jpg"},{"id":310512,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4102/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Devils Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -100.72265625,\n 47.47266286861342\n ],\n [\n -100.72265625,\n 48.96579381461063\n ],\n [\n -97.470703125,\n 48.96579381461063\n ],\n [\n -97.470703125,\n 47.47266286861342\n ],\n [\n -100.72265625,\n 47.47266286861342\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a14e4b07f02db602b1a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lent, R.M.","contributorId":80317,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lent","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zainhofsky, S.D.","contributorId":78774,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zainhofsky","given":"S.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":21096,"text":"ofr95379 - 1995 - Inventory of biological investigations related to stream water quality in the South Platte River basin, Colorado, Nebraska, and Wyoming, 1891-1994","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:53","indexId":"ofr95379","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-379","title":"Inventory of biological investigations related to stream water quality in the South Platte River basin, Colorado, Nebraska, and Wyoming, 1891-1994","docAbstract":"An inventory of the biological investigations conducted in the South Platte River Basin from 1891 to 1994 was done as a part of the U.S. Geological Survey's National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) program in the South Platte River Basin. To aid in the sampling design of the biological component of the South Platte NAWQA, sources of water-related studies were compiled from computerized literature searches of biological data bases and by contacting other Federal, State, and local agencies. Biological investigations were categorized by their location in either of two major physiographic provinces-the Southern Rocky Mountains or the Great Plains, or in the transition zone between the mountains and the plains. From this collection of 102 references, five general categories of biological investigations were identified: algae, invertebrates, fish, habitat characterization, and chemicals in organism tissue. The most abundant literature was on studies of invertebrate and fish communities. Invertebrate studies primarily were conducted in the mountain region. There was limited information on algae, invertebrates in the plains region, flood-plain vegetation in the mountains and transition zone, and chemicals in organism tissue.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey :\r\nEarth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr95379","usgsCitation":"Tate, C.M., and Ortiz-Zayas, J.R., 1995, Inventory of biological investigations related to stream water quality in the South Platte River basin, Colorado, Nebraska, and Wyoming, 1891-1994: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-379, iii, 12 p. ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95379.","productDescription":"iii, 12 p. ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":154549,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0379/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":19375,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0379/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db64865a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tate, Cathy M. cmtate@usgs.gov","contributorId":3438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tate","given":"Cathy","email":"cmtate@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":183831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ortiz-Zayas, Jorge R.","contributorId":81932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ortiz-Zayas","given":"Jorge","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":183832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":18088,"text":"ofr95617 - 1995 - Review of slope stability issues at the proposed Carlota Copper Project, Pinal and Gila counties, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:15","indexId":"ofr95617","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-617","title":"Review of slope stability issues at the proposed Carlota Copper Project, Pinal and Gila counties, Arizona","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr95617","usgsCitation":"Baum, R.L., and Ellis, W., 1995, Review of slope stability issues at the proposed Carlota Copper Project, Pinal and Gila counties, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-617, i, 16 p. ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95617.","productDescription":"i, 16 p. ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":149189,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0617/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":19346,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0617/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a17e4b07f02db604003","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baum, Rex L. 0000-0001-5337-1970 baum@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5337-1970","contributorId":1288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baum","given":"Rex","email":"baum@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":178523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ellis, William L.","contributorId":89128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellis","given":"William L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":19323,"text":"ofr95515 - 1995 - Geomorphic history of the Virgin River in the Zion National Park area, Southwest Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:32","indexId":"ofr95515","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-515","title":"Geomorphic history of the Virgin River in the Zion National Park area, Southwest Utah","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr95515","usgsCitation":"Hereford, R., Jacoby, G.C., and McCord, V.A., 1995, Geomorphic history of the Virgin River in the Zion National Park area, Southwest Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-515, ii, 75 p. ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95515.","productDescription":"ii, 75 p. ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":151408,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0515/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":48794,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0515/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c51b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hereford, Richard 0000-0002-0892-7367 rhereford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0892-7367","contributorId":3620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hereford","given":"Richard","email":"rhereford@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":180685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jacoby, Gordon C.","contributorId":35589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacoby","given":"Gordon","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":180687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McCord, V. Alexander","contributorId":19837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCord","given":"V.","email":"","middleInitial":"Alexander","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":180686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":27957,"text":"wri944236 - 1995 - Hydrogeology and quality of ground water on Guemes Island, Skagit County, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:36","indexId":"wri944236","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-4236","title":"Hydrogeology and quality of ground water on Guemes Island, Skagit County, Washington","docAbstract":"Guemes Island, located in Puget Sound of Washington State, is experiencing population growth and seawater intrusion. The island consists of Pleistocene glacial deposits overlying bedrock. Geologic sections and a map of surficial geology were constructed and used to delineate six hydrogeologic units, three of which are aquifers. The most productive aquifer is the Double Bluff aquifer, situated at or below sea level. Water budget estimates indicate that of the 21-29 inches of precipitation received in a typical year, 0-4 inches runs off, 12-22 inches evapotranspires, and 2-10 inches recharges the ground-water system. Of the water recharged, 0.1-0.3 inches is withdrawn by wells; the remainder recharges deeper aquifer(s) or discharges from the ground-water system to drainage ditches or the sea. The median dissolved-solids concentration was 236 mg/L (milligrams per liter). Half of the samples were classified as moderately hard, the remainder as hard or very hard. Although magnesium-calcium/bicarbonate water types dominate, some samples contained large amounts of sodium and chloride. The median concentration of 0.08 mg/L for nitrate indicates that no widespread contamination from septic systems or livestock exists. Small concentrations of arsenic were present in 5 of 24 samples. Trace concentrations of volatile organic compounds were detected in three of five samples. None of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's maximum contaminant levels was exceeded. However, secondary maximum contaminant levels were exceeded for dissolved solids, chloride, manganese, and iron. Seasonal variability of chloride concentration was apparent in water from coastal wells that had chloride concentrations greater than 100 mg/L. Higher values occurred from April through September because of increased pumping and lower recharge.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nEarth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri944236","usgsCitation":"Kahle, S.C., and Olsen, T.D., 1995, Hydrogeology and quality of ground water on Guemes Island, Skagit County, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4236, vi, 83 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri944236.","productDescription":"vi, 83 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":110273,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48104.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"48104"},{"id":123522,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4236/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56772,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4236/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":56773,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4236/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db62549b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kahle, S. C.","contributorId":46992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kahle","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Olsen, T. D.","contributorId":41463,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olsen","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}