{"pageNumber":"387","pageRowStart":"9650","pageSize":"25","recordCount":16443,"records":[{"id":70020607,"text":"70020607 - 1998 - Noble gases, stable isotopes, and radiocarbon as tracers of flow in the Dakota aquifer, Colorado and Kansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:42","indexId":"70020607","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Noble gases, stable isotopes, and radiocarbon as tracers of flow in the Dakota aquifer, Colorado and Kansas","docAbstract":"A suite of chemical and isotope tracers (dissolved noble gases, stable isotopes of water, radiocarbon, and CI) have been analyzed along a flow path in the Dakota aquifer system to determine likely recharge sources, ground water residence times, and the extent of mixing between local and intermediate flow systems, presumably caused by large well screens. Three water types were distinguished with the tracers, each having a very different history. Two of the water types were found in south-eastern Colorado where the Dakota is poorly confined. The tracer data suggest that the first group recharged locally during the last few thousand years and the second group was composed of ground water that recharged earlier during a cooler climate, presumably during the last glacial period (LGP) and mixed aged water. The paleotemperature record archived in this groundwater system indicates that south-eastern Colorado was about 5??C cooler during the LGP than during the late Holocene. Similar temperature changes derived from dissolved noble gases in other aquifer systems have been reported earlier for the south-western United States. The third water type was located down gradient of the first two in the confined Dakota in western and central Kansas. Groundwater residence time of this water mass is on the order of 104-105 yrs and its recharge location is near the Colorado and Kansas border down gradient of the other water types. The study shows the importance of using multiple tracers when investigating ground water systems.A suite of chemical and isotope tracers (dissolved noble gases, stable isotopes of water, radiocarbon, and CL) were analyzed along a flow path in the Dakota aquifer system to determine likely recharge sources, ground water residence times, and the extent of mixing between local and intermediate flow systems. Three water types were distinguished with the tracers, each having a very different history. Two of the water types were located in south-eastern Colorado where the Dakota is poorly confined. The third water type was located down gradient of the first two in the confined Dakota in western and central Kansas.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Sci B.V.","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/S0022-1694(98)00233-9","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Clark, J., Davisson, M., Hudson, G., and Macfarlane, P.A., 1998, Noble gases, stable isotopes, and radiocarbon as tracers of flow in the Dakota aquifer, Colorado and Kansas: Journal of Hydrology, v. 211, no. 1-4, p. 151-167, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(98)00233-9.","startPage":"151","endPage":"167","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487330,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3wz4z3z0","text":"External Repository"},{"id":206840,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(98)00233-9"},{"id":230913,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"211","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6724e4b0c8380cd731d5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clark, J.F.","contributorId":24124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"J.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Davisson, M.L.","contributorId":62277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davisson","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hudson, G.B.","contributorId":28768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hudson","given":"G.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Macfarlane, P. A.","contributorId":14597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Macfarlane","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70020616,"text":"70020616 - 1998 - Hydrologic and water-chemistry data from the Cretaceous-aquifers test well (BFT-2055), Beaufort County, South Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-30T10:21:11","indexId":"70020616","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3443,"text":"Southeastern Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrologic and water-chemistry data from the Cretaceous-aquifers test well (BFT-2055), Beaufort County, South Carolina","docAbstract":"Test well BFT-2055 was drilled through the entire thickness of Coastal Plain sediments beneath central Hilton Head Island, South Carolina, and terminated in bedrock at a depth of 3833 feet. The well was drilled to evaluate the hydraulic properties of the Cretaceous formations beneath Hilton Head Island as a potential source of supplemental water to supplies currently withdrawn from the Upper Floridan aquifer. The intervals tested include sediments of the Cape Fear and Middendorf Formations. Results from aquifer tests indicate that the transmissivity of the formations screened ranges from 1300 to 3000 feet squared per day and an average hydraulic conductivity of about 15 feet per day. Formation-fluid pressure tests indicate that the potential exists for upward ground-water flow from higher fluid pressures in the deeper Cape Fear and Middendorf Formations to lower fluid pressures in the Black Creek Formation and shallower units. A flowmeter test indicated that greater than 75 percent of the natural, unpumped flow in the well is from the screened intervals no deeper than 3100 feet. Water-chemistry analyses indicate that the water sampled from the Middendorf and Cape Fear has about 1450 milligrams per liter dissolved solids, 310 to 1000 milligrams per liter sodium, and 144 to 1600 milligrams per liter chloride. Because these chloride concentrations would render water pumped from these aquifers as nonpotable, it is unlikely that these aquifers will be used as a supplemental source of water for island residents without some form of pretreatment. Similar chloride concentrations are present in some wells in the Upper Floridan aquifer adjacent to Port Royal Sound, and these chloride concentrations were the primary reason for drilling the test well in the Cretaceous formations as a possible source of more potable water.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Southeastern Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00383678","usgsCitation":"Landmeyer, J., and Bradley, P., 1998, Hydrologic and water-chemistry data from the Cretaceous-aquifers test well (BFT-2055), Beaufort County, South Carolina: Southeastern Geology, v. 37, no. 3, p. 141-148.","startPage":"141","endPage":"148","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":231108,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","county":"Beaufort County","volume":"37","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a355de4b0c8380cd5fe61","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Landmeyer, J. E.","contributorId":91140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landmeyer","given":"J. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bradley, P. M. 0000-0001-7522-8606","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7522-8606","contributorId":29465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"P. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70020624,"text":"70020624 - 1998 - Size-selective predation on groundwater bacteria by nanoflagellates in an organic-contaminated aquifer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-12T20:19:48.917401","indexId":"70020624","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":850,"text":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Size-selective predation on groundwater bacteria by nanoflagellates in an organic-contaminated aquifer","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstract-1\" class=\"section abstract\"><p id=\"p-2\">Time series incubations were conducted to provide estimates for the size selectivities and rates of protistan grazing that may be occurring in a sandy, contaminated aquifer. The experiments involved four size classes of fluorescently labeled groundwater bacteria (FLB) and 2- to 3-μm-long nanoflagellates, primarily<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Spumella guttula</i>(Ehrenberg) Kent, that were isolated from contaminated aquifer sediments (Cape Cod, Mass.). The greatest uptake and clearance rates (0.77 bacteria · flagellate<sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>· h<sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>and 1.4 nl · flagellate<sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>· h<sup>−1</sup>, respectively) were observed for 0.8- to 1.5-μm-long FLB (0.21-μm<sup>3</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>average cell volume), which represent the fastest growing bacteria within the pore fluids of the contaminated aquifer sediments. The 19:1 to 67:1 volume ratios of nanoflagellate predators to preferred bacterial prey were in the lower end of the range commonly reported for other aquatic habitats. The grazing data suggest that the aquifer nanoflagellates can consume as much as 12 to 74% of the unattached bacterial community in 1 day and are likely to have a substantive effect upon bacterial degradation of organic groundwater contaminants.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/AEM.64.2.618-625.1998","issn":"00992240","usgsCitation":"Kinner, N., Harvey, R., Blakeslee, K., Novarino, G., and Meeker, L., 1998, Size-selective predation on groundwater bacteria by nanoflagellates in an organic-contaminated aquifer: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 64, no. 2, p. 618-625, https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.64.2.618-625.1998.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"618","endPage":"625","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479735,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.64.2.618-625.1998","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":231231,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Cape Cod","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -70.03301026550015,\n              41.7957097959484\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.95061280456272,\n              41.75679267514474\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.92864014831314,\n              41.77318170951847\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.93962647643826,\n              41.84688055230694\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.98906495300034,\n              41.96237579812356\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.03026368346904,\n              42.0287164485388\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.09480836120396,\n              42.07052651995994\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.19780518737576,\n              42.08683518005401\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.23625733581272,\n              42.08275840796853\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.25548341003184,\n              42.066448700052234\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.2101648065161,\n              42.01137249492092\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.17857911315663,\n              42.01137249492092\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.15660645690703,\n              42.02973653378322\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.15660645690703,\n              42.0511545424755\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.10579468932838,\n              42.02973653378322\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.08931519714105,\n              41.9878996165227\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.08794190612514,\n              41.89187698933313\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.01653077331282,\n              41.86631471733489\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.0124109002658,\n              41.81311244109344\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.03301026550015,\n              41.7957097959484\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"64","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9121e4b08c986b31977d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kinner, N.E.","contributorId":29583,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kinner","given":"N.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harvey, R.W. 0000-0002-2791-8503","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2791-8503","contributorId":11757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"R.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Blakeslee, K.","contributorId":14600,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blakeslee","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Novarino, G.","contributorId":82471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Novarino","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Meeker, L.D.","contributorId":74538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meeker","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70020635,"text":"70020635 - 1998 - Deviations from sorption linearity on soils of polar and nonpolar organic compounds at low relative concentrations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-01-30T10:14:05","indexId":"70020635","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deviations from sorption linearity on soils of polar and nonpolar organic compounds at low relative concentrations","docAbstract":"A series of single-solute and binary-solute sorption data have been obtained on representative samples of polar compounds (substituted ureas and phenolic compounds) and of nonpolar compounds (e.g., EDB and TCE) on a peat soil and a mineral (Woodburn) soil; the data extend to low relative solute concentrations (C(e)/S(w)). At relatively low C(e)/S(w), both the nonpolar and the polar solutes exhibit nonlinear sorption. The sorption nonlinearity approaches apparent saturation at about C(e)/S(w) = 0.010-0.015 for the nonpolar solutes and at about C(e)/S(w) = 0.10-0.13 for the polar solutes; above these C(e)/S(w) regions, the isotherms are practically linear. The nonlinear sorption capacities are greater for polar solutes than for nonpolar solutes and the peat soil shows a greater effect than the Woodburn soil. The small nonlinear sorption capacity for a nonpolar solute is suppressed indiscriminately by either a nonpolar or a polar cosolute at relatively low C(e)/S(w) of the cosolute. By contrast, the abilities of different cosolutes to suppress the nonlinear capacity of a nominal polar solute differ drastically. For polar solutes, a nonpolar cosolute exhibits a limited suppression even at high cosolute C(e)/S(w); effective suppression occurs when the cosolute is relatively polar and at various C(e)/S(w). These differences suggest that more than a single mechanism is required to account for the nonlinear sorption of both nonpolar and polar compounds at low C(e)/S(w). Mechanistic processes consistent with these observations and with soil surface areas are discussed along with other suggested models. Some important consequences of the nonlinear competitive sorption to the behavior of contaminants in natural systems are discussed.A number of conceptual models was postulated to account for the nonlinear solute sorption on soils of significant soil organic matter. A series of single-solute and binary-route sorption data was obtained representing samples of polar compounds of substituted ureas and phenolic compounds, and of nonpolar compounds of EDB and trichloroethylene on a peat soil and a mineral on a Woodburn soil. The nonlinear sorption capacities are greater for polar solutes than for nonpolar solutes and the peat soil shows a greater effect than the Woodburn soil.","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es970608g","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Chiou, C.T., and Kile, D.E., 1998, Deviations from sorption linearity on soils of polar and nonpolar organic compounds at low relative concentrations: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 32, no. 3, p. 338-343, https://doi.org/10.1021/es970608g.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"338","endPage":"343","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":206970,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es970608g"},{"id":231419,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"32","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1998-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a008ae4b0c8380cd4f7a9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chiou, C. T.","contributorId":97080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chiou","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kile, D. E.","contributorId":22758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kile","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70020642,"text":"70020642 - 1998 - Partition characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on soils and sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-01-30T10:18:10","indexId":"70020642","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Partition characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on soils and sediments","docAbstract":"The partition behavior was determined for three polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), i.e., naphthalene, phenanthrene, and pyrene, from water to a range of soil and sediment samples. The measured partition coefficients of the individual PAHs between soil/sediment organic matter (SOM) and water (i.e., K(oc) values) are relatively invariant either for the 'clean' (uncontaminated) soils or for the clean sediments; however, the mean K(oc) values on the sediments are about twice the values on the soils. This disparity is similar to the earlier observation for other nonpolar solutes and reflects the compositional differences between soil and sediment organic matters. No significant differences in K(oc) are observed between a clean coastal marine sediment and freshwater sediments. The coastal sediments that are significantly impacted by organic contaminants exhibit higher K(oc) values. At given K(ow) values (octanol-water), the PAHs exhibit much higher K(oc) values than other relatively nonpolar solutes (e.g., chlorinated hydrocarbons). This effect is shown to result from the enhanced partition of PAHs to SOM rather than from lower K(ow) values of PAHs at given supercooled liquid solute solubilities in water. The enhanced partition of PAHs over other nonpolar solutes in SOM provides an account of the markedly different correlations between log K(oc) and log K(ow) for PAHs and for other nonpolar solutes. The improved partition of PAHs in SOM stems apparently from the enhanced compatibility of their cohesive energy densities with those of the aromatic components in SOM. The approximate aromatic fraction in soil/sediment organic matter has been assessed by solid-state 13C-NMR spectroscopy.The partition behavior was determined for three polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), i.e., naphthalene, phenanthrene, and pyrene, from water to a range of soil and sediment samples. The measured partition coefficients of the individual PAHs between soil/sediment organic matter (SOM) and water (i.e., Koc values) are relatively invariant either for the `clean' (uncontaminated) soils or for the clean sediments; however, the mean Koc values on the sediments are about twice the values on the soils. This disparity is similar to the earlier observation for other nonpolar solutes and reflects the compositional differences between soil and sediment organic matters. No significant differences in Koc are observed between a clean coastal marine sediment and freshwater sediments. The coastal sediments that are significantly impacted by organic contaminants exhibit higher Koc values. At given Kow values (octanol-water), the PAHs exhibit much higher Koc values than other relatively nonpolar solutes (e.g., chlorinated hydrocarbons). This effect is shown to result from the enhanced partition of PAHs to SOM rather than from lower Kow values of PAHs at given supercooled liquid solute solubilities in water. The enhanced partition of PAHs over other nonpolar solutes in SOM provides an account of the markedly different correlations between log Koc and log Kow for PAHs and for other nonpolar solutes. The improved partition of PAHs in SOM stems apparently from the enhanced compatibility of their cohesive energy densities with those of the aromatic components in SOM. The approximate aromatic fraction in soil/sediment organic matter has been assessed by solid-state 13C-NMR spectroscopy.","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es970614c","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Chiou, C.T., Mcgroddy, S., and Kile, D.E., 1998, Partition characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on soils and sediments: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 32, no. 2, p. 264-269, https://doi.org/10.1021/es970614c.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"264","endPage":"269","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":230954,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":206848,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es970614c"}],"volume":"32","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1998-01-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7538e4b0c8380cd77a4f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chiou, C. T.","contributorId":97080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chiou","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mcgroddy, S.E.","contributorId":60793,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mcgroddy","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kile, D. E.","contributorId":22758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kile","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70020644,"text":"70020644 - 1998 - Occurrence of pesticides in shallow groundwater of the United States: initial results from the National Water-Quality Assessment program","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-27T15:15:20","indexId":"70020644","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Occurrence of pesticides in shallow groundwater of the United States: initial results from the National Water-Quality Assessment program","docAbstract":"<p>The first phase of intensive data collection for the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) was completed during 1993&minus;1995 in 20 major hydrologic basins of the United States. Groundwater land-use studies, designed to sample recently recharged groundwater (generally within 10 years) beneath specific land-use and hydrogeologic settings, are a major component of the groundwater quality as sessment for NAWQA. Pesticide results from the 41 land-use studies conducted during 1993&minus;1995 indicate that pesticides were commonly detected in shallow groundwater, having been found at 54.4% of the 1034 sites sampled in agricultural and urban settings across the United States. Pesticide concentrations were generally low, with over 95% of the detections at concentrations less than 1 &mu;g/L. Of the 46 pesticide compounds examined, 39 were detected. The compounds detected most frequently were atrazine (38.2%), deethylatrazine (34.2%), simazine (18.0%), metolachlor (14.6%), and prometon (13.9%). Statistically significant relations were observed between frequencies of detection and the use, mobility, and persistence of these compounds. Pesticides were commonly detected in both agricultural (56.4%; 813 sites) and urban (46.6%; 221 sites) settings. Frequent detections of pesticides in urban areas indicate that, as is the case with agricultural pesticide use in agricultural areas, urban and suburban pesticide use significantly contribute to pesticide occurrence in shallow groundwater. Although pesticides were detected in groundwater sampled in urban areas and all nine of the agricultural land-use categories examined, significant variations in occurrence were observed among these categories. Maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) established by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for drinking water were exceeded for only one pesticide (atrazine, 3 &mu;g/L) at a single location. However, MCLs have been established for only 25 of the 46 pesticide compounds examined, do not cover pesticide degradates, and, at present, do not take into account additive or synergistic effects of combinations of pesticide compounds or potential effects on nearby aquatic ecosystems.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","publisherLocation":"Washington, DC","doi":"10.1021/es970412g","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Kolpin, D.W., Barbash, J.E., and Gilliom, R.J., 1998, Occurrence of pesticides in shallow groundwater of the United States: initial results from the National Water-Quality Assessment program: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 32, no. 5, p. 558-566, https://doi.org/10.1021/es970412g.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"558","endPage":"566","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":230994,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":206860,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es970412g"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.76123046875, 45.91294412737392 ], [ -122.4755859375, 45.805828539928356 ], [ -122.33276367187499, 45.506346901083425 ], [ -122.244873046875, 45.30580259943578 ], [ -122.51953124999999, 45.09679146394738 ], [ -122.6513671875, 44.80132682904856 ], [ -122.684326171875, 44.49650533109348 ], [ -122.96997070312499, 44.402391829093915 ], [ -123.00292968749999, 44.08758502824518 ], [ -123.167724609375, 43.97700467496408 ], [ -123.26660156249999, 44.25306865928177 ], [ -123.34350585937499, 44.4808302785626 ], [ -123.211669921875, 44.645208223744035 ], [ -123.29956054687501, 44.77013681219717 ], [ -123.26660156249999, 44.92591837128866 ], [ -123.475341796875, 45.034714778688624 ], [ -123.255615234375, 45.18978009667531 ], [ -123.211669921875, 45.36758436884978 ], [ -123.255615234375, 45.62172169252446 ], [ -122.93701171874999, 45.62172169252446 ], [ -122.76123046875, 45.91294412737392 ] ] ] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -119.43237304687499, 47.4057852900587 ], [ -118.94897460937499, 47.39834920035926 ], [ -118.817138671875, 47.19717795172789 ], [ -118.77319335937499, 46.81509864599243 ], [ -118.77319335937499, 46.36967413462374 ], [ -118.99291992187499, 46.20264638061019 ], [ -119.15771484375, 46.22545288226939 ], [ -119.24560546875001, 46.31658418182218 ], [ -119.25659179687499, 46.521075663842836 ], [ -119.59716796875, 46.717268685073954 ], [ -119.70703125, 46.604167162931844 ], [ -119.92675781249999, 46.64189395892874 ], [ -119.95971679687499, 46.81509864599243 ], [ -119.95971679687499, 46.97275640318636 ], [ -120.03662109374999, 47.15236927446393 ], [ -120.0146484375, 47.27177506640826 ], [ -119.761962890625, 47.32393057095941 ], [ -119.4873046875, 47.34626718205302 ], [ -119.42138671875, 47.44294999517949 ], [ -119.43237304687499, 47.4057852900587 ] ] ] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -116.806640625, 47.12995075666307 ], [ -116.927490234375, 47.27922900257082 ], [ -117.43286132812499, 47.32393057095941 ], [ -117.8173828125, 47.249406957888446 ], [ -117.98217773437499, 47.040182144806664 ], [ -118.0810546875, 46.72480037466717 ], [ -118.004150390625, 46.543749602738565 ], [ -117.54272460937499, 46.36967413462374 ], [ -117.366943359375, 46.354510837365254 ], [ -117.31201171875001, 46.195042108660154 ], [ -117.1142578125, 46.126556302418514 ], [ -116.883544921875, 46.195042108660154 ], [ -116.72973632812499, 46.32417161725694 ], [ -116.619873046875, 46.65697731621612 ], [ -116.69677734375, 46.807579571992385 ], [ -116.96044921875, 46.800059446787316 ], [ -116.883544921875, 46.93526088057719 ], [ -117.02636718749999, 47.16730970131578 ], [ -116.806640625, 47.12995075666307 ] ] ] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -113.15917968749999, 43.32517767999296 ], [ -113.79638671875, 43.34116005412307 ], [ -114.32373046875, 43.31718491566708 ], [ -114.89501953124999, 43.31718491566708 ], [ -115.53222656249999, 43.24520272203356 ], [ -116.08154296875001, 42.96446257387128 ], [ -116.103515625, 42.601619944327965 ], [ -114.58740234375, 42.25291778330197 ], [ -113.719482421875, 42.2366518803206 ], [ -112.96142578125, 42.334184385939416 ], [ -112.159423828125, 42.54498667313236 ], [ -111.97265625, 42.867912483915305 ], [ -112.21435546875, 43.197167282501276 ], [ -112.818603515625, 43.35713822211053 ], [ -113.15917968749999, 43.32517767999296 ] ] ] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -119.94873046875, 39.98553841480972 ], [ -119.783935546875, 40.195659093364654 ], [ -119.43237304687499, 40.17887331434696 ], [ -119.33349609375, 39.918162846609455 ], [ -119.28955078124999, 39.54641191968671 ], [ -119.33349609375, 39.172658670429946 ], [ -119.278564453125, 38.805470223177466 ], [ -119.69604492187499, 38.856820134743636 ], [ -119.86083984375, 38.94232097947902 ], [ -119.92675781249999, 39.06184913429154 ], [ -119.92675781249999, 39.308800296002914 ], [ -119.937744140625, 39.63953756436671 ], [ -119.94873046875, 39.98553841480972 ] ] ] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -118.17993164062499, 39.99395569397331 ], [ -118.58642578124999, 39.95185892663005 ], [ -118.88305664062499, 39.842286020743394 ], [ -118.68530273437501, 39.62261494094297 ], [ -117.828369140625, 39.487084981687495 ], [ -117.87231445312499, 39.740986355883564 ], [ -118.17993164062499, 39.99395569397331 ] ] ] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.58740234375, 36.04021586880111 ], [ -114.53247070312499, 36.1822249804225 ], [ -114.75219726562499, 36.28856319836237 ], [ -115.08178710937499, 36.25313319699069 ], [ -115.12573242187499, 36.11125252076159 ], [ -115.037841796875, 35.92464453144099 ], [ -114.85107421875, 35.90684930677121 ], [ -114.620361328125, 35.96022296929667 ], [ -114.58740234375, 36.04021586880111 ] ] ] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -121.26708984374999, 38.18638677411551 ], [ -121.58569335937501, 38.28993659801203 ], [ -121.827392578125, 38.134556577054134 ], [ -121.66259765625001, 37.83148014503288 ], [ -121.31103515625, 37.56199695314352 ], [ -121.08032226562499, 37.23907530202184 ], [ -120.87158203125, 36.914764288955936 ], [ -120.61889648437501, 36.58906837139909 ], [ -120.234375, 36.41244153535644 ], [ -119.718017578125, 36.4566360115962 ], [ -119.64111328125, 36.74768773190056 ], [ -119.81689453125, 37.03763967977139 ], [ -120.245361328125, 37.37888785004527 ], [ -120.750732421875, 37.71859032558816 ], [ -121.03637695312499, 38.048091067457236 ], [ -121.26708984374999, 38.18638677411551 ] ] ] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -107.105712890625, 32.648625783736726 ], [ -107.259521484375, 32.82421110161336 ], [ -107.314453125, 33.22949814144951 ], [ -106.8310546875, 33.22949814144951 ], [ -106.754150390625, 32.82421110161336 ], [ -107.105712890625, 32.648625783736726 ] ] ] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -106.12792968749999, 35.505400093441324 ], [ -106.28173828125, 35.737595151747826 ], [ -106.600341796875, 35.63051198300061 ], [ -106.776123046875, 35.24561909420681 ], [ -106.534423828125, 35.08395557927643 ], [ -106.12792968749999, 35.505400093441324 ] ] ] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -105.9521484375, 37.07271048132946 ], [ -106.138916015625, 37.34395908944491 ], [ -106.31469726562499, 37.69251435532741 ], [ -106.07299804687499, 38.06539235133249 ], [ -105.611572265625, 37.97018468810549 ], [ -105.46875, 37.59682400108367 ], [ -105.3369140625, 37.37015718405753 ], [ -105.4248046875, 37.081475648860525 ], [ -105.9521484375, 37.07271048132946 ] ] ] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -104.853515625, 40.96330795307351 ], [ -105.22705078125, 40.59727063442027 ], [ -105.205078125, 40.23760536584024 ], [ -105.260009765625, 39.85072092501597 ], [ -105.029296875, 39.45316112807394 ], [ -104.67773437499999, 39.42770738465604 ], [ -104.4140625, 39.816975090490004 ], [ -103.65600585937499, 40.0360265298117 ], [ -103.22753906249999, 40.25437660372649 ], [ -102.799072265625, 40.64730356252251 ], [ -101.436767578125, 40.896905775860006 ], [ -100.56884765624999, 40.65563874006118 ], [ -99.8876953125, 40.52215098562377 ], [ -98.118896484375, 40.613952441166596 ], [ -97.6025390625, 40.94671366508002 ], [ -96.8994140625, 41.3025710943056 ], [ -97.14111328125, 41.65649719441145 ], [ -98.02001953125, 41.492120839687786 ], [ -98.72314453125, 41.08763212467916 ], [ -99.6240234375, 40.91351257612758 ], [ -100.62377929687499, 41.27780646738183 ], [ -101.414794921875, 41.29431726315258 ], [ -102.359619140625, 41.28606238749825 ], [ -103.17260742187499, 41.00477542222949 ], [ -103.743896484375, 40.6723059714534 ], [ -104.32617187499999, 40.772221877329024 ], [ -104.853515625, 40.96330795307351 ] ] ] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -96.8115234375, 46.830133640447386 ], [ -97.53662109375, 46.76996843356982 ], [ -97.745361328125, 46.46056554578543 ], [ -97.6025390625, 46.20264638061019 ], [ -96.94335937499999, 46.22545288226939 ], [ -96.78955078125, 46.437856895024225 ], [ -96.8115234375, 46.830133640447386 ] ] ] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -95.16357421875, 47.06263847995432 ], [ -95.4052734375, 47.06263847995432 ], [ -95.284423828125, 46.81509864599243 ], [ -94.9658203125, 46.694667307773116 ], [ -94.844970703125, 46.852678248531106 ], [ -95.16357421875, 47.06263847995432 ] ] ] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -87.64892578125, 44.04811573082351 ], [ -87.73681640625, 43.866218006556394 ], [ -87.64892578125, 43.69965122967144 ], [ -87.802734375, 43.56447158721811 ], [ -87.802734375, 43.45291889355465 ], [ -87.8466796875, 43.29320031385282 ], [ -87.86865234374999, 43.0287452513488 ], [ -88.582763671875, 43.12504316740127 ], [ -88.582763671875, 43.26120612479979 ], [ -88.890380859375, 43.31718491566708 ], [ -89.351806640625, 43.45291889355465 ], [ -89.62646484375, 43.56447158721811 ], [ -89.9560546875, 43.723474896114816 ], [ -90.06591796875, 44.01652134387754 ], [ -89.82421875, 44.33956524809713 ], [ -89.69238281249999, 44.6061127451739 ], [ -89.571533203125, 44.95702412512118 ], [ -89.241943359375, 45.36758436884978 ], [ -88.857421875, 45.49094569262732 ], [ -88.505859375, 45.26715476332791 ], [ -88.582763671875, 44.84808025602074 ], [ -88.494873046875, 44.36313311380771 ], [ -88.43994140625, 44.20583500104184 ], [ -87.95654296875, 44.24519901522129 ], [ -87.637939453125, 44.20583500104184 ], [ -87.64892578125, 44.04811573082351 ] ] ] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -97.31689453125, 32.96258644191747 ], [ -97.55859375, 32.90726224488304 ], [ -97.635498046875, 32.667124733120325 ], [ -97.459716796875, 32.44488496716713 ], [ -96.932373046875, 32.50049648924482 ], [ -97.00927734375, 32.82421110161336 ], [ -97.31689453125, 32.96258644191747 ] ] ] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -94.5867919921875, 36.958671131530316 ], [ -94.3341064453125, 36.97183825093165 ], [ -93.9605712890625, 36.96744946416931 ], [ -93.8616943359375, 36.73448194195683 ], [ -93.7188720703125, 36.51405119943165 ], [ -93.46618652343749, 36.49638952000399 ], [ -93.526611328125, 36.35495110643483 ], [ -93.7188720703125, 36.23984280222428 ], [ -94.010009765625, 36.12900165569652 ], [ -94.3505859375, 36.049098959065645 ], [ -94.658203125, 36.04021586880111 ], [ -94.921875, 36.08462129606931 ], [ -95.0262451171875, 36.1733569352216 ], [ -95.11962890625, 36.40802070382984 ], [ -94.976806640625, 36.59347887826919 ], [ -94.779052734375, 36.787291466820015 ], [ -94.5867919921875, 36.958671131530316 ] ] ] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -82.6171875, 28.013801376380712 ], [ -82.6171875, 28.285033294640684 ], [ -82.254638671875, 28.285033294640684 ], [ -82.254638671875, 28.013801376380712 ], [ -82.6171875, 28.013801376380712 ] ] ] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -82.15576171875, 29.036960648558267 ], [ -82.15576171875, 29.219302076779456 ], [ -81.9580078125, 29.219302076779456 ], [ -81.9580078125, 29.036960648558267 ], [ -82.15576171875, 29.036960648558267 ] ] ] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -85.1220703125, 31.653381399664 ], [ -85.5615234375, 31.27855085894653 ], [ -85.4736328125, 30.637912028341123 ], [ -84.74853515625, 30.751277776257812 ], [ -82.96875, 31.2221970321032 ], [ -82.177734375, 31.728167146023935 ], [ -82.63916015625, 32.194208672875355 ], [ -83.16650390625, 32.676372772089834 ], [ -83.82568359375, 34.10725639663118 ], [ -84.638671875, 34.21634468843465 ], [ -84.79248046875, 33.578014746143985 ], [ -84.13330078125, 33.00866349457558 ], [ -83.78173828125, 32.47269502206151 ], [ -84.4189453125, 31.89621446335144 ], [ -85.1220703125, 31.653381399664 ] ] ] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -84.83642578125, 40.455307212131494 ], [ -85.15502929687499, 40.47202439692057 ], [ -85.770263671875, 40.6306300839918 ], [ -86.28662109375, 40.730608477796636 ], [ -86.6162109375, 40.6306300839918 ], [ -87.03369140625, 40.396764305572056 ], [ -87.528076171875, 40.052847601823984 ], [ -87.4951171875, 39.42770738465604 ], [ -87.62695312499999, 39.08743603215884 ], [ -87.47314453125, 38.805470223177466 ], [ -86.9677734375, 38.865374851611634 ], [ -86.495361328125, 39.13006024213511 ], [ -86.41845703124999, 39.53793974517628 ], [ -85.62744140625, 39.59722324495565 ], [ -85.15502929687499, 39.83385008019448 ], [ -84.869384765625, 40.17047886718109 ], [ -84.83642578125, 40.455307212131494 ] ] ] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -72.22412109375, 44.809121700077355 ], [ -71.2353515625, 44.88701247981298 ], [ -71.279296875, 44.49650533109348 ], [ -71.5869140625, 44.02442151965934 ], [ -71.982421875, 43.40504748787035 ], [ -72.09228515625, 42.779275360241904 ], [ -72.02636718749999, 42.342305278572816 ], [ -72.02636718749999, 41.68932225997044 ], [ -72.2021484375, 41.32732632036622 ], [ -72.7734375, 41.22824901518532 ], [ -73.63037109375, 41.02964338716638 ], [ -73.58642578125, 41.42625319507272 ], [ -73.5205078125, 42.147114459220994 ], [ -73.95996093749999, 42.50450285299051 ], [ -74.94873046875, 42.633958722673164 ], [ -75.25634765625, 42.827638636242284 ], [ -74.70703125, 43.052833917627936 ], [ -73.95996093749999, 43.052833917627936 ], [ -73.23486328124999, 43.13306116240612 ], [ -72.94921875, 43.77109381775651 ], [ -72.70751953125, 44.276671273775186 ], [ -72.22412109375, 44.809121700077355 ] ] ] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -76.31103515625, 37.17782559332976 ], [ -75.89355468749999, 36.66841891894786 ], [ -75.78369140625, 36.06686213257888 ], [ -75.849609375, 35.460669951495305 ], [ -76.5966796875, 34.813803317113155 ], [ -77.5634765625, 34.52466147177172 ], [ -77.9150390625, 35.0120020431607 ], [ -77.16796875, 35.31736632923788 ], [ -77.431640625, 35.67514743608467 ], [ -77.89306640625, 35.871246850027966 ], [ -77.5634765625, 36.36822190085111 ], [ -77.0361328125, 36.31512514748051 ], [ -76.53076171875, 36.2265501474709 ], [ -76.31103515625, 37.17782559332976 ] ] ] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -78.3984375, 39.487084981687495 ], [ -78.5302734375, 39.04478604850143 ], [ -79.013671875, 38.65119833229951 ], [ -79.56298828125, 38.18638677411551 ], [ -79.365234375, 37.68382032669382 ], [ -78.3984375, 38.272688535980976 ], [ -77.67333984375, 39.14710270770074 ], [ -77.2119140625, 39.52099229357195 ], [ -76.201171875, 39.774769485295465 ], [ -75.498046875, 39.99395569397331 ], [ -75.69580078125, 40.59727063442027 ], [ -76.48681640625, 40.38002840251183 ], [ -77.431640625, 40.245991504199026 ], [ -77.255859375, 40.91351257612758 ], [ -77.51953125, 41.21172151054787 ], [ -78.1787109375, 41.062786068733026 ], [ -78.55224609374999, 40.6639728763869 ], [ -78.64013671875, 39.9434364619742 ], [ -78.3984375, 39.487084981687495 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"32","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1998-01-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6c1fe4b0c8380cd74a73","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kolpin, Dana W. 0000-0002-3529-6505 dwkolpin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3529-6505","contributorId":1239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolpin","given":"Dana","email":"dwkolpin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":386985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barbash, Jack E. 0000-0001-9854-8880 jbarbash@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9854-8880","contributorId":1003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barbash","given":"Jack","email":"jbarbash@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":386984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gilliom, Robert J. rgilliom@usgs.gov","contributorId":488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilliom","given":"Robert","email":"rgilliom@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":386983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70020645,"text":"70020645 - 1998 - Solution of the advection-dispersion equation in two dimensions by a finite-volume Eulerian-Lagrangian localized adjoint method","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-06T06:37:03","indexId":"70020645","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":664,"text":"Advances in Water Resources","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Solution of the advection-dispersion equation in two dimensions by a finite-volume Eulerian-Lagrangian localized adjoint method","docAbstract":"<p>We extend the finite-volume Eulerian-Lagrangian localized adjoint method (FVELLAM) for solution of the advection-dispersion equation to two dimensions. The method can conserve mass globally and is not limited by restrictions on the size of the grid Peclet or Courant number. Therefore, it is well suited for solution of advection-dominated ground-water solute transport problems. In test problem comparisons with standard finite differences, FVELLAM is able to attain accurate solutions on much coarser space and time grids. On fine grids, the accuracy of the two methods is comparable. A critical aspect of FVELLAM (and all other ELLAMs) is evaluation of the mass storage integral from the preceding time level. In FVELLAM this may be accomplished with either a forward or backtracking approach. The forward tracking approach conserves mass globally and is the preferred approach. The backtracking approach is less computationally intensive, but not globally mass conservative. Boundary terms are systematically represented as integrals in space and time which are evaluated by a common integration scheme in conjunction with forward tracking through time. Unlike the one-dimensional case, local mass conservation cannot be guaranteed, so slight oscillations in concentration can develop, particularly in the vicinity of inflow or outflow boundaries.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0309-1708(96)00033-4","issn":"03091708","usgsCitation":"Healy, R.W., and Russell, T., 1998, Solution of the advection-dispersion equation in two dimensions by a finite-volume Eulerian-Lagrangian localized adjoint method: Advances in Water Resources, v. 21, no. 1, p. 11-26, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0309-1708(96)00033-4.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"11","endPage":"26","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":230995,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9258e4b08c986b319e6b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Healy, Richard W. 0000-0002-0224-1858 rwhealy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0224-1858","contributorId":658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Healy","given":"Richard","email":"rwhealy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":778906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Russell, T.F.","contributorId":86811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Russell","given":"T.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70020650,"text":"70020650 - 1998 - The hyporheic zone as a source of dissolved organic carbon and carbon gases to a temperate forested stream","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-01T06:41:34","indexId":"70020650","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1007,"text":"Biogeochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The hyporheic zone as a source of dissolved organic carbon and carbon gases to a temperate forested stream","docAbstract":"The objective of this study was to examine chemical changes in porewaters that occur over small scales (cm) as groundwater flows through the hyporheic zone and discharges to a stream in a temperate forest of northern Wisconsin. Hyporheic-zone porewaters were sampled at discrete depths of 2, 10, 15, 61, and 183 cm at three study sites in the study basin. Chemical profiles of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), CO2, CH4, and pH show dramatic changes between 61 cm sediment depth and the water-sediment interface. Unless discrete samples at small depth intervals are taken, these chemical profiles are not accounted for. Similar trends were observed at the three study locations, despite each site having very different hydraulic-flow regimes. Increases in DOC concentration by an order of magnitude from 61 to 15 cm depth with a corresponding decrease in pH and rapid decreases in the molecular weight of the DOC suggest that aliphatic compounds (likely organic acids) are being generated in the hyporheic zone. Estimated efflux rates of DOC, CO2, and CH4 to the stream are 6.2, 0.79, 0.13 moles m2 d-1, respectively, with the vast majority of these materials produced in the hyporheic zone. Very little of these materials are accounted for by sampling stream water, suggesting rapid uptake and/or volatilization.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1023/A:1006005311257","issn":"01682563","usgsCitation":"Schindler, J., and Krabbenhoft, D., 1998, The hyporheic zone as a source of dissolved organic carbon and carbon gases to a temperate forested stream: Biogeochemistry, v. 43, no. 2, p. 157-174, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006005311257.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"157","endPage":"174","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":231075,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":206876,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006005311257"}],"volume":"43","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bacd3e4b08c986b323781","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schindler, J.E.","contributorId":14598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schindler","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krabbenhoft, D. P. 0000-0003-1964-5020","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1964-5020","contributorId":90765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krabbenhoft","given":"D. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70020652,"text":"70020652 - 1998 - Effects of arctic temperatures on distribution and retention of the nuclear waste radionuclides 241Am, 57Co, and 137Cs in the bioindicator bivalve Macoma balthica","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-05T18:10:32","indexId":"70020652","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2664,"text":"Marine Environmental Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of arctic temperatures on distribution and retention of the nuclear waste radionuclides 241Am, 57Co, and 137Cs in the bioindicator bivalve Macoma balthica","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-id6\" class=\"abstract author\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id7\"><p>The disposal of radioactive wastes in Arctic seas has made it important to understand the processes affecting the accumulation of radionuclides in food webs in coldwater ecosystems. We examined the effects of temperature on radionuclide assimilation and retention by the bioindicator bivalve<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Macoma balthica</i><span>&nbsp;</span>using three representative nuclear waste components,<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>241</sup>Am,<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>57</sup>Co, and<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>137</sup>Cs. Experiments were designed to determine the kinetics of processes that control uptake from food and water, as well as kinetic constants of loss.<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>137</sup>Cs was not accumulated in soft tissue from water during short exposures, and was rapidly lost from shell with no thermal dependence. No effects of temperature on<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>57</sup>Co assimilation or retention from food were observed. The only substantial effect of polar temperatures was that on the assimilation efficiency of<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>241</sup>Am from food, where 10% was assimilated at 2 °C and 26% at 12 °C. For all three radionuclides, body distributions were correlated with source, with most radioactivity obtained from water found in the shell and food in the soft tissues. These results suggest that in general Arctic conditions had relatively small effects on the biological processes which influence the bioaccumulation of radioactive wastes, and bivalve concentration factors may not be appreciably different between polar and temperate waters.</p></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0141-1136(97)00019-6","issn":"01411136","usgsCitation":"Hutchins, D., Stupakoff, I., Hook, S., Luoma, S.N., and Fisher, N., 1998, Effects of arctic temperatures on distribution and retention of the nuclear waste radionuclides 241Am, 57Co, and 137Cs in the bioindicator bivalve Macoma balthica: Marine Environmental Research, v. 45, no. 1, p. 17-28, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-1136(97)00019-6.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"17","endPage":"28","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":231111,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0690e4b0c8380cd512eb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hutchins, D.A.","contributorId":17398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutchins","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stupakoff, I.","contributorId":105075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stupakoff","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hook, S.","contributorId":52360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hook","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Luoma, Samuel N. 0000-0001-5443-5091 snluoma@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5443-5091","contributorId":2287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luoma","given":"Samuel","email":"snluoma@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":778899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fisher, N.S.","contributorId":67668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"N.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70020657,"text":"70020657 - 1998 - Trophic transfer of methyl mercury in the northern Florida Everglades","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-04T08:05:02","indexId":"70020657","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1007,"text":"Biogeochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trophic transfer of methyl mercury in the northern Florida Everglades","docAbstract":"There are spatial differences in methyl mercury (MeHg) concentrations in biota in Water Conservation Areas 2 and 3 in the Everglades, with higher concentrations generally found in the southern areas. Fish and hemipterans had the most MeHg on a wet weight basis, with levels exceeding 30 ng g-1. The magnitude of MeHg accumulation in biota varies seasonally and does not always appear to be associated with changes in water column concentration. This is exemplified by periphyton, the base of the foodweb in the Everglades, at a high nutrient sampling site. Although limited in scope, MeHg concentrations presented for biota provide insight into beginning to understand the dynamic nature of Hg transfer in the Everglades foodweb on a spatial and temporal basis.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1023/A:1005918101773","issn":"01682563","usgsCitation":"Cleckner, L., Garrison, P., Hurley, J., Olson, M., and Krabbenhoft, D., 1998, Trophic transfer of methyl mercury in the northern Florida Everglades: Biogeochemistry, v. 40, no. 2-3, p. 347-361, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005918101773.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"347","endPage":"361","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":231233,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"40","issue":"2-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb88ee4b08c986b327914","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cleckner, L.B.","contributorId":29966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cleckner","given":"L.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garrison, P.J.","contributorId":86072,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garrison","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hurley, J.P.","contributorId":97645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hurley","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Olson, M.L.","contributorId":21989,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olson","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Krabbenhoft, D. P. 0000-0003-1964-5020","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1964-5020","contributorId":90765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krabbenhoft","given":"D. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70020666,"text":"70020666 - 1998 - Aqueous infrared carboxylate absorbances: Aliphatic di-acids","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-04T10:18:41","indexId":"70020666","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3463,"text":"Spectrochimica Acta - Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aqueous infrared carboxylate absorbances: Aliphatic di-acids","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-id12\" class=\"abstract author\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id13\"><p><span>Aqueous&nbsp;attenuated total reflectance&nbsp;Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectra of 18 aliphatic&nbsp;di-carboxylic acids&nbsp;are reported as a function of pH. The spectra show isosbestic points and intensity changes which indicate that Beer's law is obeyed, and peak frequencies lie within previously reported ranges for aqueous carboxylates and pure carboxylic acids. Intensity sharing from the symmetric carboxylate stretch is evident in many cases, so that bands which are nominally due to&nbsp;alkyl groups&nbsp;show increased intensity at higher pH. The asymmetric stretch of the HA</span><sup>−</sup><span>&nbsp;species is linearly related to the microscopic&nbsp;acidity constantof the H</span><sub>2</sub>A species, with<span>&nbsp;</span><i>σ</i><sub>p<i>K</i></sub><span>&lt;0.25 log units; this relationship falls on the same line as previously observed for&nbsp;mono-carboxylic acids. The linear relationship applies to the acidity constant of the HA</span><sup>−</sup><span>&nbsp;species only when the two acid groups are well separated (&gt;2 intervening atoms). The results suggest that aqueous&nbsp;ATR-FTIR&nbsp;may be able to estimate `intrinsic' p</span><i>K</i><sub>a</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>values of carboxylic acids, in addition to providing quantitative estimates of ionization.</p></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S1386-1425(97)00258-8","issn":"13861425","usgsCitation":"Cabaniss, S., Leenheer, J., and McVey, I., 1998, Aqueous infrared carboxylate absorbances: Aliphatic di-acids: Spectrochimica Acta - Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, v. 54, no. 3, p. 449-458, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1386-1425(97)00258-8.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"449","endPage":"458","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":231421,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"54","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ed17e4b0c8380cd49610","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cabaniss, S.E.","contributorId":76487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cabaniss","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leenheer, J.A.","contributorId":75123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leenheer","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McVey, I.F.","contributorId":8254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McVey","given":"I.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70020671,"text":"70020671 - 1998 - Multi-level slug tests in highly permeable formations: 1. Modification of the Springer-Gelhar (SG) model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:17","indexId":"70020671","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multi-level slug tests in highly permeable formations: 1. Modification of the Springer-Gelhar (SG) model","docAbstract":"A multi-level slug test model and a method for the evaluation of vertical profiles of hydraulic conductivity in highly permeable formations are developed. A double-packer system is employed to estimate local hydraulic conductivity. Depending on the formation and double-packer system parameters, the water level recovery in the tested well can exhibit a monotonic or oscillatory response. To discern information on aquifer properties from artifacts introduced by the measurement system, the theory of flow in an aquifer and a double-packer system is developed. The mathematical model incorporates features of the Springer and Gelhar (1991) model and reduces to the Bouwer and Rice (1976) model in a special case. The model involves equations of momentum and mass conservation for the double-packer system with quasi-steady well-aquifer interaction equations. The method is uniformly applicable for both monotonic and oscillatory well responses and can produce profiles of hydraulic conductivity for the tested well. The criterion is given to determine the type of well response for given slug test conditions.A multi-level slug test model and a method for the evaluation of vertical profiles of hydraulic conductivity in highly permeable formations are developed. A double-packer system is employed to estimate local hydraulic conductivity. Depending on the formation and double-packer system parameters, the water level recovery in the tested well can exhibit a monotonic or oscillatory response. To discern information on aquifer properties from artifacts introduced by the measurement system, the theory of flow in an aquifer and a double-packer system is developed. The mathematical model incorporates features of the Springer and Gelhar (1991) model and reduces to the Bouwer and Rice (1976) model in a special case. The model involves equations of momentum and mass conservation for the double-packer system with quasi-steady well-aquifer interaction equations. The method is uniformly applicable for both monotonic and oscillatory well responses and can produce profiles of hydraulic conductivity for the tested well. The criterion is given to determine the type of well response for given slug test conditions.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Sci B.V.","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/S0022-1694(97)00128-5","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Zlotnik, V., and McGuire, V., 1998, Multi-level slug tests in highly permeable formations: 1. Modification of the Springer-Gelhar (SG) model: Journal of Hydrology, v. 204, no. 1-4, p. 271-282, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(97)00128-5.","startPage":"271","endPage":"282","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":206989,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(97)00128-5"},{"id":231502,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"204","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5fb6e4b0c8380cd710be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zlotnik, V.A.","contributorId":102660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zlotnik","given":"V.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGuire, V. L. 0000-0002-3962-4158","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3962-4158","contributorId":94702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"V. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70020672,"text":"70020672 - 1998 - Correlation of Late-Pleistocene Lake-Level Oscillations in Mono Lake, California, with North Atlantic Climate Events","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-25T13:19:27","indexId":"70020672","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3218,"text":"Quaternary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Correlation of Late-Pleistocene Lake-Level Oscillations in Mono Lake, California, with North Atlantic Climate Events","docAbstract":"Oxygen-18 (18O) values of sediment from the Wilson Creek Formation, Mono Basin, California, indicate three scales of temporal variation (Dansgaard-Oeschger, Heinrich, and Milankovitch) in the hydrologic balance of Mono Lake between 35,400 and 12,900 14C yr B.P. During this interval, Mono Lake experienced four lowstands each lasting from 1000 to 2000 yr. The youngest low-stand, which occurred between 15,500 and 14,000 14C yr B.P., was nearly synchronous with a desiccation of Owens Lake, California. Paleomagnetic secular variation (PSV) data indicate that three of four persistent lowstands occurred at the same times as Heinrich events H1, H2, and H4. 18O data indicate the two highest lake levels occurred ???18,000 and ???13,100 14C yr B.P., corresponding to passages of the mean position of the polar jet stream over the Mono Basin. Extremely low values of total inorganic carbon between 26,000 and 14,000 14C yr B.P. indicate glacial activity, corresponding to a time when summer insolation was much reduced. ?? 1998 University of Washington.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1006/qres.1997.1940","issn":"00335894","usgsCitation":"Benson, L.V., Lund, S., Burdett, J., Kashgarian, M., Rose, T.P., Smoot, J.P., and Schwartz, M., 1998, Correlation of Late-Pleistocene Lake-Level Oscillations in Mono Lake, California, with North Atlantic Climate Events: Quaternary Research, v. 49, no. 1, p. 1-10, https://doi.org/10.1006/qres.1997.1940.","startPage":"1","endPage":"10","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":266454,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1006/qres.1997.1940"},{"id":231503,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"49","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fc30e4b0c8380cd4e17d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Benson, L. V.","contributorId":50159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benson","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lund, S.P.","contributorId":98054,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lund","given":"S.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burdett, J.W.","contributorId":10177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burdett","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kashgarian, Michaele","contributorId":68473,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kashgarian","given":"Michaele","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rose, T. P.","contributorId":58422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Smoot, J. P.","contributorId":65878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smoot","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Schwartz, M.","contributorId":67466,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwartz","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70020680,"text":"70020680 - 1998 - Ground water age and nitrate distribution within a glacial aquifer beneath a thick unsaturated zone","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-01-30T10:21:56","indexId":"70020680","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ground water age and nitrate distribution within a glacial aquifer beneath a thick unsaturated zone","docAbstract":"<p><span>The impact on ground water quality from increasing fertilizer application rates over the past 40 years is evaluated within a glacial aquifer system beneath a thick unsaturated zone. Ground water ages within the aquifer could not be accurately determined from the measured distribution of&nbsp;</span><sup>3</sup><span>H and as a result, chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) and<span>&nbsp;</span></span><sup>3</sup><span>H/</span><sup>3</sup><span>He dating techniques were applied. Beneath a 25 m thick unsaturated zone, ground water ages based on CFC‐11 concentrations were greater than<span>&nbsp;</span></span><sup>3</sup><span>H/</span><sup>3</sup><span>He ground water ages by 6 to 10 years, due to the time lag associated with the diffusion of CFCs through the unsaturated zone. Using the corrected CFC‐11 and<span>&nbsp;</span></span><sup>3</sup><span>H/</span><sup>3</sup><span>He ground water ages and the estimated travel time of 3H within the unsaturated zone, the approximate position of ground water recharged since the mid‐1960s was determined. Nitrate concentrations within post mid‐1960s recharge were generally elevated and near or above the drinking water limit of 10 mg‐N/L. In comparison, pre mid‐1960s recharge had nitrate concentrations &lt;2.5 mg‐N/L. The elevated NO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>concentrations in post mid‐1960s recharge are attributed mainly to increasing fertilizer application rates between 1970 and the mid‐ to late 1980s. Anaerobic conditions suitable for denitrifkation are present within pre mid‐1960s recharge indicating that removal of DO is a slow process taking tens of years. Over the next 10 to 20 years, nitrate concentrations at municipal well fields that are currently capturing aerobic ground water recharged near the mid‐1960s are expected to increase because of the higher fertilizer application rates beginning in the 1970s and 1980s.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1998.tb01078.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Johnston, C., Cook, P., Frape, S., Plummer, N., Busenberg, E., and Blackport, R., 1998, Ground water age and nitrate distribution within a glacial aquifer beneath a thick unsaturated zone: Groundwater, v. 36, no. 1, p. 171-180, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1998.tb01078.x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"171","endPage":"180","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":230997,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-08-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2aa2e4b0c8380cd5b332","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnston, C.T.","contributorId":100146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"C.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cook, P.G.","contributorId":103807,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cook","given":"P.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Frape, S.K.","contributorId":105335,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frape","given":"S.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Plummer, Niel 0000-0002-4020-1013 nplummer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4020-1013","contributorId":190100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plummer","given":"Niel","email":"nplummer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":387100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Busenberg, Eurybiades ebusenbe@usgs.gov","contributorId":2271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Busenberg","given":"Eurybiades","email":"ebusenbe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":387099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Blackport, R.J.","contributorId":100573,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blackport","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70020690,"text":"70020690 - 1998 - System controls on the aqueous distribution of mercury in the northern Florida Everglades","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-01T06:58:12","indexId":"70020690","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1007,"text":"Biogeochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"System controls on the aqueous distribution of mercury in the northern Florida Everglades","docAbstract":"The forms and partitioning of aqueous mercury species in the canals and marshes of the Northern Florida Everglades exhibit strong spatial and temporal variability. In canals feeding Water Conservation Area (WCA) 2A, unfiltered total Hg (HgT(U)) is less than 3 ng L-1 and relatively constant. In contrast, methyl mercury (MeHg) exhibited a strong seasonal pattern, with highest levels entering WCA-2A marshes during July. Stagnation and reduced flows also lead to particle enrichment of MeHg. In the marshes of WCA-2A, 2B and 3A, HgT(U) is usually <5 ng L-1 with no consistent north-south patterns. However, for individual dates, aqueous unfiltered MeHg (MeHg(U)) levels increase from north to south with generally lowest levels in the eutrophied regions of northern WCA-2A. A strong relationship between filtered Hg species and dissolved organic carbon (DOC), evident for rivers draining wetlands in Wisconsin, was not apparent in the Everglades, suggesting either differences in the binding sites of DOC between the two regions, or non-organic Hg complexation in the Everglades.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1023/A:1005928927272","issn":"01682563","usgsCitation":"Hurley, J., Krabbenhoft, D., Cleckner, L., Olson, M., Aiken, G., and Rawlik, P., 1998, System controls on the aqueous distribution of mercury in the northern Florida Everglades: Biogeochemistry, v. 40, no. 2-3, p. 293-311, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005928927272.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"293","endPage":"311","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":231194,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"40","issue":"2-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba366e4b08c986b31fcb5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hurley, J.P.","contributorId":97645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hurley","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krabbenhoft, D. P. 0000-0003-1964-5020","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1964-5020","contributorId":90765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krabbenhoft","given":"D. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cleckner, L.B.","contributorId":29966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cleckner","given":"L.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Olson, M.L.","contributorId":21989,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olson","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Aiken, G. R. 0000-0001-8454-0984","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8454-0984","contributorId":14452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aiken","given":"G. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rawlik, P.S. Jr.","contributorId":19329,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rawlik","given":"P.S.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70020693,"text":"70020693 - 1998 - A comparison of zero-order, first-order, and monod biotransformation models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-21T07:43:38","indexId":"70020693","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A comparison of zero-order, first-order, and monod biotransformation models","docAbstract":"Under some conditions, a first-order kinetic model is a poor representation of biodegradation in contaminated aquifers. Although it is well known that the assumption of first-order kinetics is valid only when substrate concentration, S, is much less than the half-saturation constant, K(s), this assumption is often made without verification of this condition. We present a formal error analysis showing that the relative error in the first-order approximation is S/K(S) and in the zero-order approximation the error is K(s)/S. We then examine the problems that arise when the first-order approximation is used outside the range for which it is valid. A series of numerical simulations comparing results of first- and zero-order rate approximations to Monod kinetics for a real data set illustrates that if concentrations observed in the field are higher than K(s), it may better to model degradation using a zero-order rate expression. Compared with Monod kinetics, extrapolation of a first-order rate to lower concentrations under-predicts the biotransformation potential, while extrapolation to higher concentrations may grossly over-predict the transformation rate. A summary of solubilities and Monod parameters for aerobic benzene, toluene, and xylene (BTX) degradation shows that the a priori assumption of first-order degradation kinetics at sites contaminated with these compounds is not valid. In particular, out of six published values of KS for toluene, only one is greater than 2 mg/L, indicating that when toluene is present in concentrations greater than about a part per million, the assumption of first-order kinetics may be invalid. Finally, we apply an existing analytical solution for steady-state one-dimensional advective transport with Monod degradation kinetics to a field data set.A formal error analysis is presented showing that the relative error in the first-order approximation is S/KS and in the zero-order approximation the error is KS/S where S is the substrate concentration and KS is the half-saturation constant. The problems that arise when the first-order approximation is used outside the range for which it is valid are examined. A series of numerical simulations comparing results of first- and zero-order rate approximations to Monod kinetics for a real data set illustrates that if concentrations observed in the field are higher than KS, it may be better to model degradation using a zero-order rate expression.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1998.tb01091.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Bekins, B., Warren, E., and Godsy, E., 1998, A comparison of zero-order, first-order, and monod biotransformation models: Ground Water, v. 36, no. 2, p. 261-268, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1998.tb01091.x.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"261","endPage":"268","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":231235,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-08-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e37ce4b0c8380cd46075","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bekins, B.A.","contributorId":98309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bekins","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Warren, E.","contributorId":15360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warren","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Godsy, E.M.","contributorId":56685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Godsy","given":"E.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70020697,"text":"70020697 - 1998 - Multi-level slug tests in highly permeable formations: 2. Hydraulic conductivity identification, method verification, and field applications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:18","indexId":"70020697","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multi-level slug tests in highly permeable formations: 2. Hydraulic conductivity identification, method verification, and field applications","docAbstract":"Using the developed theory and modified Springer-Gelhar (SG) model, an identification method is proposed for estimating hydraulic conductivity from multi-level slug tests. The computerized algorithm calculates hydraulic conductivity from both monotonic and oscillatory well responses obtained using a double-packer system. Field verification of the method was performed at a specially designed fully penetrating well of 0.1-m diameter with a 10-m screen in a sand and gravel alluvial aquifer (MSEA site, Shelton, Nebraska). During well installation, disturbed core samples were collected every 0.6 m using a split-spoon sampler. Vertical profiles of hydraulic conductivity were produced on the basis of grain-size analysis of the disturbed core samples. These results closely correlate with the vertical profile of horizontal hydraulic conductivity obtained by interpreting multi-level slug test responses using the modified SG model. The identification method was applied to interpret the response from 474 slug tests in 156 locations at the MSEA site. More than 60% of responses were oscillatory. The method produced a good match to experimental data for both oscillatory and monotonic responses using an automated curve matching procedure. The proposed method allowed us to drastically increase the efficiency of each well used for aquifer characterization and to process massive arrays of field data. Recommendations generalizing this experience to massive application of the proposed method are developed.Using the developed theory and modified Springer-Gelhar (SG) model, an identification method is proposed for estimating hydraulic conductivity from multi-level slug tests. The computerized algorithm calculates hydraulic conductivity from both monotonic and oscillatory well responses obtained using a double-packer system. Field verification of the method was performed at a specially designed fully penetrating well of 0.1-m diameter with a 10-m screen in a sand and gravel alluvial aquifer (MSEA site, Shelton, Nebraska). During well installation, disturbed core samples were collected every 0.6 m using a split-spoon sampler. Vertical profiles of hydraulic conductivity were produced on the basis of grain-size analysis of the disturbed core samples. These results closely correlate with the vertical profile of horizontal hydraulic conductivity obtained by interpreting multi-level slug test responses using the modified SG model. The identification method was applied to interpret the response from 474 slug tests in 156 locations at the MSEA site. More than 60% of responses were oscillatory. The method produced a good match to experimental data for both oscillatory and monotonic responses using an automated curve matching procedure. The proposed method allowed us to drastically increase the efficiency of each well used for aquifer characterization and to process massive arrays of field data. Recommendations generalizing this experience to massive application of the proposed method are developed.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Sci B.V.","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/S0022-1694(97)00127-3","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Zlotnik, V., and McGuire, V., 1998, Multi-level slug tests in highly permeable formations: 2. Hydraulic conductivity identification, method verification, and field applications: Journal of Hydrology, v. 204, no. 1-4, p. 283-296, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(97)00127-3.","startPage":"283","endPage":"296","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231313,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":206944,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(97)00127-3"}],"volume":"204","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5fb7e4b0c8380cd710c1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zlotnik, V.A.","contributorId":102660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zlotnik","given":"V.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGuire, V. L. 0000-0002-3962-4158","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3962-4158","contributorId":94702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"V. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70020698,"text":"70020698 - 1998 - The use of synthesized aqueous solutions for determining strontium sorption isotherms","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:18","indexId":"70020698","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2233,"text":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The use of synthesized aqueous solutions for determining strontium sorption isotherms","docAbstract":"The use of synthesized aqueous solutions for determining experimentally derived strontium sorption isotherms of sediment was investigated as part of a study accessing strontium chemical transport properties. Batch experimental techniques were used to determine strontium sorption isotherms using synthesized aqueous solutions designed to chemically represent water from a natural aquifer with respect to major ionic character and pH. A strontium sorption isotherm for a sediment derived using a synthesized aqueous solution was found to be most comparable to an isotherm derived using natural water when the synthesized aqueous solution contained similar concentrations of calcium and magnesium. However, it is difficult to match compositions exactly due to the effects of disequilibrium between the solution and the sediment. Strong linear relations between sorbed strontium and solution concentrations of calcium and magnesium confirm that these cations are important co-constituents in these synthesized aqueous solutions. Conversely, weak linear relations between sorbed strontium and solution concentrations of sodium and potassium indicate that these constituents do not affect sorption of strontium. The addition of silica to the synthesized aqueous solution does not appreciably affect the resulting strontium sorption isotherm.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0169-7722(96)00098-8","issn":"01697722","usgsCitation":"Liszewski, M.J., Bunde, R., Hemming, C., Rosentreter, J., and Welhan, J., 1998, The use of synthesized aqueous solutions for determining strontium sorption isotherms: Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, v. 29, no. 2, p. 93-108, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7722(96)00098-8.","startPage":"93","endPage":"108","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":206956,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7722(96)00098-8"},{"id":231348,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb19ce4b08c986b325368","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Liszewski, M. J.","contributorId":107308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liszewski","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bunde, R.L.","contributorId":35885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunde","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hemming, C.","contributorId":87326,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hemming","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rosentreter, J.","contributorId":25727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosentreter","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Welhan, J.","contributorId":14127,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welhan","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70020724,"text":"70020724 - 1998 - Contribution of hydroxylated atrazine degradation products to the total atrazine load in midwestern streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-04T10:12:13","indexId":"70020724","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Contribution of hydroxylated atrazine degradation products to the total atrazine load in midwestern streams","docAbstract":"<div class=\"hlFld-Abstract\"><div id=\"abstractBox\"><p class=\"articleBody_abstractText\">The contribution of hydroxylated atrazine degradation products (HADPs) to the total atrazine load (i.e., atrazine plus stable metabolites) in streams needs to be determined in order to fully assess the impact of atrazine contamination on stream ecosystems and human health. The objectives of this study were (1) to determine the contribution of HADPs to the total atrazine load in streams of nine midwestern states and (2) to discuss the mechanisms controlling the concentrations of HADPs in streams. Stream samples were collected from 95 streams in northern Missouri at preplant and postplant of 1994 and 1995, and an additional 46 streams were sampled in eight midwestern states at postplant of 1995. Samples were analyzed for atrazine, deethylatrazine (DEA), deisopropylatrazine (DIA), and three HADPs. Overall, HADP prevalence (i.e., frequency of detection) ranged from 87 to 100% for hydroxyatrazine (HA), 0 to 58% for deethylhydroxyatrazine (DEHA), and 0% for deisopropylhydroxyatrazine (DIHA) with method detection limits of 0.04−0.10 μg L<sup>-1</sup>. Atrazine metabolites accounted for nearly 60% of the atrazine load in northern Missouri streams at preplant, with HA the predominant metabolite present. Data presented in this study and a continuous monitoring study are used to support the hypothesis that a combination of desorption from stream sediments and dissolved-phase transport control HADP concentrations in streams.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es970447g","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Lerch, R., Blanchard, P., and Thurman, E., 1998, Contribution of hydroxylated atrazine degradation products to the total atrazine load in midwestern streams: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 32, no. 1, p. 40-48, https://doi.org/10.1021/es970447g.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"40","endPage":"48","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":231116,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":206890,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es970447g"}],"volume":"32","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fa83e4b0c8380cd4db3d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lerch, R.N.","contributorId":88504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lerch","given":"R.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blanchard, P.E.","contributorId":76900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blanchard","given":"P.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thurman, E.M.","contributorId":102864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thurman","given":"E.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70020747,"text":"70020747 - 1998 - Hydrologic modeling of two glaciated watersheds in Northeast Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-29T00:06:38.910386","indexId":"70020747","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrologic modeling of two glaciated watersheds in Northeast Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"<div class=\"abstract-group \"><div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p><strong>ABSTRACT:<span>&nbsp;</span></strong>A hydrologic modeling study, using the Hydrologic Simulation Program - FORTRAN (HSPF), was conducted in two glaciated watersheds, Purdy Creek and Ariel Creek in northeastern Pennsylvania. Both watersheds have wetlands and poorly drained soils due to low hydraulic conductivity and presence of fragipans. The HSPF model was calibrated in the Purdy Creek watershed and verified in the Ariel Creek watershed for June 1992 to December 1993 period. In Purdy Creek, the total volume of observed stream-flow during the entire simulation period was 13.36 × 10<sup>6</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>m<sup>3</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>and the simulated streamflow volume was 13.82 × 10<sup>6</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>m<sup>3</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>(5 percent difference). For the verification simulation in Ariel Creek, the difference between the total observed and simulated flow volumes was 17 percent. Simulated peak flow discharges were within two hours of the observed for 30 of 46 peak flow events (discharge greater than 0.1 m<sup>3</sup>/sec) in Purdy Creek and 27 of 53 events in Ariel Creek. For 22 of the 46 events in Purdy Creek and 24 of 53 in Ariel Creek, the differences between the observed and simulated peak discharge rates were less than 30 percent. These 22 events accounted for 63 percent of total volume of streamflow observed during the selected 46 peak flow events in Purdy Creek. In Ariel Creek, these 24 peak flow events accounted for 62 percent of the total flow observed during all peak flow events. Differences in observed and simulated peak flow rates and volumes (on a percent basis) were greater during the snowmelt runoff events and summer periods than for other times.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Association","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.1998.tb01529.x","issn":"1093474X","usgsCitation":"Srinivasan, M., Hamlett, J., Day, R., Sams, J., and Petersen, G., 1998, Hydrologic modeling of two glaciated watersheds in Northeast Pennsylvania: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 34, no. 4, p. 963-978, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1998.tb01529.x.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"963","endPage":"978","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231508,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a364ae4b0c8380cd605d2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Srinivasan, M.S.","contributorId":89692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Srinivasan","given":"M.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hamlett, J.M.","contributorId":22529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamlett","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Day, R.L.","contributorId":71347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sams, J.I.","contributorId":76903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sams","given":"J.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Petersen, G.W.","contributorId":35503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petersen","given":"G.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70020748,"text":"70020748 - 1998 - Reductive dissolution and reactive solute transport in a sewage-contaminated glacial outwash aquifer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-04T10:16:50","indexId":"70020748","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reductive dissolution and reactive solute transport in a sewage-contaminated glacial outwash aquifer","docAbstract":"Contamination of shallow ground water by sewage effluent typically contains reduced chemical species that consume dissolved oxygen, developing either a low oxygen geochemical environment or an anaerobic geochemical environment. Based on the load of reduced chemical species discharged to shallow ground water and the amounts of reactants in the aquifer matrix, it should be possible to determine chemical processes in the aquifer and compare observed results to predicted ones. At the Otis Air Base research site (Cape Cod, Massachusetts) where sewage effluent has infiltrated the shallow aquifer since 1936, bacterially mediated processes such as nitrification, denitrification, manganese reduction, and iron reduction have been observed in the contaminant plume. In specific areas of the plume, dissolved manganese and iron have increased significantly where local geochemical conditions are favorable for reduction and transport of these constituents from the aquifer matrix. Dissolved manganese and iron concentrations ranged from 0.02 to 7.3 mg/L, and 0.001 to 13.0 mg/L, respectively, for 21 samples collected from 1988 to 1989. Reduction of manganese and iron is linked to microbial oxidation of sewage carbon, producing bicarbonate and the dissolved metal ions as by-products. Calculated production and flux of CO2 through the unsaturated zone from manganese reduction in the aquifer was 0.035 g/m2/d (12% of measured CO2 flux during winter). Manganese is limited in the aquifer, however. A one-dimensional, reaction-coupled transport model developed for the mildly reducing conditions in the sewage plume nearest the source beds showed that reduction, transport, and removal of manganese from the aquifer sediments should result in iron reduction where manganese has been depleted.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1998.tb02832.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Lee, R.W., and Bennett, P., 1998, Reductive dissolution and reactive solute transport in a sewage-contaminated glacial outwash aquifer: Ground Water, v. 36, no. 4, p. 583-595, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1998.tb02832.x.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"583","endPage":"595","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":230921,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-12-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a3e9e4b0e8fec6cdba1f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, R. W.","contributorId":86757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bennett, P.C.","contributorId":24357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"P.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70020756,"text":"70020756 - 1998 - Arsenic hydrogeochemistry in an irrigated river valley - A reevaluation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-07T12:01:45.825606","indexId":"70020756","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Arsenic hydrogeochemistry in an irrigated river valley - A reevaluation","docAbstract":"<div class=\"abstract-group \"><div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>Arsenic concentrations in ground water of the lower Madison River valley, Montana, are high (16 to 176 μg/L). Previous studies hypothesized that arsenic-rich river water, applied as irrigation, was evapoconcentrated during recharge and contaminated the thin alluvial aquifer. Based on additional data collection and a reevaluation of the hydrology and geochemistry of the valley, the high arsenic concentrations in ground water are caused by a unique combination of natural hydrologic and geochemical factors, and irrigation appears to play a secondary role. The high arsenic concentrations in ground water have several causes: direct aquifer recharge by Madison River water having arsenic concentrations as high as 100 μg/L, leaching of arsenic from Tertiary volcano-clastic sediment, and release of sorbed arsenic where redox conditions in ground water are reduced. The findings are consistent with related studies that demonstrate that arsenic is sorbed by irrigated soils in the valley. Although evaporation of applied irrigation water does not significantly increase arsenic concentrations in ground water, irrigation with arsenic-rich water raises other environmental concerns.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"National Groundwater Association","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1998.tb02191.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Nimick, D., 1998, Arsenic hydrogeochemistry in an irrigated river valley - A reevaluation: Groundwater, v. 36, no. 5, p. 743-753, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1998.tb02191.x.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"743","endPage":"753","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231001,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-08-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ed8ce4b0c8380cd4988d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nimick, D. A.","contributorId":70399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nimick","given":"D. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70020760,"text":"70020760 - 1998 - Benthic sulfate reduction along the Chesapeake Bay central channel. I. Spatial trends and controls","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-04T09:28:04","indexId":"70020760","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2663,"text":"Marine Ecology Progress Series","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Benthic sulfate reduction along the Chesapeake Bay central channel. I. Spatial trends and controls","docAbstract":"Factors controlling the spatial distribution of benthic sulfate reduction (SR) were investigated at 3 stations [upper (UB), mid (MB) and lower bay (LB)] along the Chesapeake Bay (eastern USA) central channel from early spring through late fall, 1989 to 1994. Annual rates of 0 to 12 cm depth-integrated SR were 0.96, 9.62 and 6.33 mol S m-2 yr-1 for UB, MB and LB, respectively, as calculated from 35SO42- incubations. SR was carbon limited at UB, LB, and at the sediment surface at MB, and SO42- limited at depth at MB. Temperature explained 33 to 68% of the variability in annual rates, with an apparent influence on SR which increased in the seaward direction in surface sediments. We speculate that the enhanced response of SR to temperature in LB surface sediments was linked to seasonal variations in macrofaunal activity associated with temperature. Estimates of reduced-S burial indicated that only 4 to 8% of sulfur reduced annually was buried as Fe-S minerals at MB and LB, with the remainder presumably being reoxidized. In contrast, >50% of the sulfur reduced annually was buried at UB, due to comparatively low SR rates and the high concentration of reactive iron in the oligohaline region. SR mineralized 18 to 32% of the annual primary production. Our results indicate that organic quality may be more important than the absolute quantity of organic loading in dictating the magnitude of benthic SR rates along an estuarine gradient. Spatial trends in SR reflected the combined influence of deposited organic matter quality and quantity, SO42- availability, the presence or absence of benthic macrofauna, overlying water dissolved O2 conditions, reduced-S reoxidation dynamics, and iron-sulfide mineral formation.","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research","doi":"10.3354/meps168213","issn":"01718630","usgsCitation":"Marvin-DiPasquale, M., and Capone, D., 1998, Benthic sulfate reduction along the Chesapeake Bay central channel. I. Spatial trends and controls: Marine Ecology Progress Series, v. 168, p. 213-228, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps168213.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"213","endPage":"228","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479853,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/meps168213","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":231080,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":266005,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps168213"}],"volume":"168","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f0c2e4b0c8380cd4a8d1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Marvin-DiPasquale, M. C.","contributorId":6605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marvin-DiPasquale","given":"M. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Capone, D.G.","contributorId":105876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Capone","given":"D.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70020783,"text":"70020783 - 1998 - Estimating formation properties from early-time recovery in wells subject to turbulent head losses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-21T07:34:24","indexId":"70020783","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating formation properties from early-time recovery in wells subject to turbulent head losses","docAbstract":"A mathematical model is developed to interpret the early-time recovering water level following the termination of pumping in wells subject to turbulent head losses. The model assumes that turbulent head losses dissipate immediately when pumping ends. In wells subject to both borehole storage and turbulent head losses, the early-time recovery exhibits a slope equal to 1/2 on log-log plots of the recovery versus time. This half-slope response should not be confused with the half-slope response associated with a linear flow regime during aquifer tests. The presence of a borehole skin due to formation damage or stimulation around the pumped well alters the early-time recovery in wells subject to turbulent head losses and gives the appearance of borehole storage, where the recovery exhibits a unit slope on log-log plots of recovery versus time. Type curves can be used to estimate the formation storafivity from the early-time recovery data. In wells that are suspected of having formation damage or stimulation, the type curves can be used to estimate the 'effective' radius of the pumped well, if an estimate of the formation storativity is available from observation wells or other information. Type curves for a homogeneous and isotropic dual-porosity aquifer are developed and applied to estimate formation properties and the effect of formation stimulation from a single-well test conducted in the Madison limestone near Rapid City, South Dakota.A mathematical model is developed to interpret the early-time recovering water level following the termination of pumping in wells subject to turbulent head losses. The model assumes that turbulent head losses dissipate immediately when pumping ends. In wells subject to both borehole storage and turbulent head losses, the early-time recovery exhibits a slope equal to 1/2 on log-log plots of the recovery versus time. This half-slope response should not be confused with the half-slope response associated with a linear flow regime during aquifer tests. The presence of a borehole skin due to formation damage or stimulation around the pumped well alters the early-time recovery in wells subject to turbulent head losses and gives the appearance of borehole storage, where the recovery exhibits a unit slope on log-log plots of recovery versus time. Type curves can be used to estimate the formation storativity from the early-time recovery data. In wells that are suspected of having formation damage or stimulation, the type curves can be used to estimate the `effective' radius of the pumped well, if an estimate of the formation storativity is available from observation wells or other information. Type curves for a homogeneous and isotropic dual-porosity aquifer are developed and applied to estimate formation properties and the effect of formation stimulation from a single-well test conducted in the Madison limestone near Rapid City, South Dakota.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier ","doi":"10.1016/S0022-1694(98)00170-X","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Shapiro, A., Oki, D., and Greene, E., 1998, Estimating formation properties from early-time recovery in wells subject to turbulent head losses: Journal of Hydrology, v. 208, no. 3-4, p. 223-236, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(98)00170-X.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"223","endPage":"236","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":231428,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":206974,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(98)00170-X"}],"volume":"208","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0b1ee4b0c8380cd5259c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shapiro, A.M. 0000-0002-6425-9607","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6425-9607","contributorId":88384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shapiro","given":"A.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":387501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oki, D.S.","contributorId":75184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oki","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Greene, E.A.","contributorId":75575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greene","given":"E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70020790,"text":"70020790 - 1998 - Trace fossil analysis of lacustrine facies and basins","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:43","indexId":"70020790","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2996,"text":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","printIssn":"0031-0182","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trace fossil analysis of lacustrine facies and basins","docAbstract":"Two ichnofacies are typical of lacustrine depositional systems. The Scoyenia ichnofacies characterizes transitional terrestrial/nonmarine aquatic substrates, periodically inundated or desiccated, and therefore is commonly present in lake margin facies. The Mermia ichnofacies is associated with well oxygenated, permanent subaqueous, fine-grained substrates of hydrologically open, perennial lakes. Bathymetric zonations within the Mermia ichnofacies are complicated by the wide variability of lacustrine systems. Detected proximal-distal trends are useful within particular lake basins, but commonly difficult to extrapolate to other lakes. Other potential ichnofacies include the typically marine Skolithos ichnofacies for high-energy zones of lakes and substrate-controlled, still unnamed ichnofacies, associated to lake margin deposits. Trace fossils are useful for sedimentologic analysis of event beds. Lacustrine turbidites are characterized by low-diversity suites, reflecting colonization by opportunistic organisms after the turbidite event. Underflow current beds record animal activity contemporaneous with nearly continuous sedimentation. Ichnologic studies may also help to distinguish between marine and lacustrine turbidites. Deep-marine turbidites host the Nereites ichnofacies that consists of high diversity of ornate grazing traces and graphoglyptids, recording highly specialized feeding strategies developed to solve the problem of the scarcity of food in the deep sea. Deep lacustrine environments contain the Mermia ichnofacies, which is dominated by unspecialized grazing and feeding traces probably related to the abundance and accessibility of food in lacustrine systems. The lower diversity of lacustrine ichnofaunas in comparison with deep-sea assemblages more likely reflects lower species diversity as a consequence of less stable conditions. Increase of depth and extent of bioturbation through geologic time produced a clear signature in the ichnofabric record of lacustrine facies. Paleozoic lacustrine ichnofaunas are typically dominated by surface trails with little associated bioturbation. During the Mesozoic, bioturbation depth was higher in lake margin facies than in fully lacustrine deposits. While significant degrees of bioturbation were attained in lake margin facies during the Triassic, major biogenic disruption of primary bedding in subaqueous lacustrine deposits did not occur until the Cretaceous.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0031-0182(98)00020-0","issn":"00310182","usgsCitation":"Buatois, L., and Mangano, M., 1998, Trace fossil analysis of lacustrine facies and basins: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 140, no. 1-4, p. 367-382, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-0182(98)00020-0.","startPage":"367","endPage":"382","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":206851,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0031-0182(98)00020-0"},{"id":230964,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"140","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb665e4b08c986b326c39","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buatois, L.A.","contributorId":40740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buatois","given":"L.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mangano, M.G.","contributorId":7432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mangano","given":"M.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
]}