In 1971, the near-failure of a dam during a magnitude 6.7 earthquake forced 80,000 people to evacuate their residences. In 1994, the replacement dam survived an almost identical earthquake with little damage. Underlying this progress in designing critical structures are years of research on the powerful shaking during large earthquakes.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs09695","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Federal Disaster Assistance Administration, Los Angeles Department of Water and Power, and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Page, R.A., Boore, D.M., and Yerkes, R.F., 1995, The Los Angeles Dam Story: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 096-95, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs09695.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":24541,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1995/0096/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":139726,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1995/0096/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":341036,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1995/0096/index.html"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Las Angeles","contact":"Contact Information, Earthquake Science Center, Menlo Park Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
345 Middlefield Road, MS 977
Menlo Park, California 94025
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/i2412","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1995, Controlled photomosaic of the MTM 45357 Quadrangle, Acidalia Planitia region of Mars: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 2412, Plate: 24 x 38 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/i2412.","productDescription":"Plate: 24 x 38 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":188945,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":101052,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2412/plate-1.pdf","size":"12490","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"502000","otherGeospatial":"Mars","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db68828e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":533990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70185363,"text":"70185363 - 1995 - Effects of colloids on metal transport in a river receiving acid mine drainage, upper Arkansas River, Colorado, U.S.A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-22T07:42:43","indexId":"70185363","displayToPublicDate":"1995-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of colloids on metal transport in a river receiving acid mine drainage, upper Arkansas River, Colorado, U.S.A.","docAbstract":"Inflows of metal-rich, acidic water that drain from mine dumps and tailings piles in the Leadville, Colorado, area enter the non-acidic water in the upper Arkansas River. Hydrous iron oxides precipitate as colloids and move downstream in suspension, particularly downstream from California Gulch, which has been the major source of metal loads. The colloids influence the concentrations of metals dissolved in the water and the concentrations in bed sediments. To determine the role of colloids, samples of water, colloids, and fine-grained bed sediment were obtained at stream-gaging sites on the upper Arkansas River and at the mouths of major tributaries over a 250-km reach. Dissolved and colloidal metal concentrations in the water column were operationally defined using tangential-flow filtration through 0.001-pm membranes to separate the water and the colloids. Surface-extractable and total bed sediment metal concentrations were obtained on the <60-μm fraction of the bed sediment. The highest concentrations of metals in water, colloids, and bed sediments occurred just downstream from California Gulch. Iron dominated the colloid composition, but substantial concentrations of As, Cd, Cu, Mn, Pb, and Zn also occurred in the colloidal solids. The colloidal load decreased by one half in the first 50 km downstream from the mining inflows due to sedimentation of aggregated colloids to the streambed. Nevertheless, a substantial load of colloids was transported through the entire study reach to Pueblo Reservoir. Dissolved metals were dominated by Mn and Zn, and their concentrations remained relatively high throughout the 250-km reach. The composition of extractable and total metals in bed sediment for several kilometers downstream from California Gulch is similar to the composition of the colloids that settle to the bed. Substantial concentrations of Mn and Zn were extractable, which is consistent with sediment-water chemical reaction. Concentrations of Cd, Pb, and Zn in bed sediment clearly result from the influence of mining near Leadville. Concentrations of Fe and Cu in bed sediments are nearly equal to concentrations in colloids for about 10 km downstream from California Gulch. Farther downstream, concentrations of Fe and Cu in tributary sediments mask the signal of mining inflows. These results indicate that colloids indeed influence the occurrence and transport of metals in rivers affected by mining.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0883-2927(95)00011-8","usgsCitation":"Kimball, B.A., 1995, Effects of colloids on metal transport in a river receiving acid mine drainage, upper Arkansas River, Colorado, U.S.A.: Applied Geochemistry, v. 10, no. 3, p. 285-306, https://doi.org/10.1016/0883-2927(95)00011-8.","productDescription":"22 p. ","startPage":"285","endPage":"306","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337924,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Upper Arkansas River ","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -104.47860717773438,\n 38.28454701883166\n ],\n [\n -104.48204040527342,\n 38.29155339372579\n ],\n [\n -104.7930908203125,\n 38.313645991657935\n ],\n [\n -104.9036407470703,\n 38.36804051336666\n ],\n [\n -105.12577056884766,\n 38.43664852683647\n ],\n [\n -105.27339935302734,\n 38.46649284538942\n ],\n [\n -105.39802551269531,\n 38.505997401358286\n ],\n [\n -105.50239562988281,\n 38.47590065618779\n ],\n [\n -105.61912536621094,\n 38.434766038944815\n ],\n [\n -105.71800231933594,\n 38.395222455895585\n ],\n [\n -105.81310272216797,\n 38.45923455268316\n ],\n [\n -105.91472625732422,\n 38.510564558375776\n ],\n [\n -105.99781036376953,\n 38.647176385570134\n ],\n [\n -106.04621887207031,\n 38.76532733447257\n ],\n [\n -106.09909057617188,\n 38.8771359067301\n ],\n [\n -106.19762420654295,\n 38.997841307500714\n ],\n [\n -106.25736236572266,\n 39.103955972576166\n ],\n [\n -106.29478454589844,\n 39.16760145633732\n ],\n [\n -106.23710632324217,\n 39.26947400794335\n ],\n [\n -106.2077522277832,\n 39.30574532850959\n ],\n [\n -106.24465942382811,\n 39.33376633431887\n ],\n [\n -106.32808685302734,\n 39.32194841624885\n ],\n [\n -106.36533737182616,\n 39.295516858108876\n ],\n [\n -106.40396118164062,\n 39.25246120620435\n ],\n [\n -106.37374877929688,\n 39.19235172186499\n ],\n [\n -106.29135131835936,\n 39.032519409191565\n ],\n [\n -106.11557006835938,\n 38.57340069124239\n ],\n [\n -105.80108642578125,\n 38.35942628215571\n ],\n [\n -105.64384460449217,\n 38.3712705857646\n ],\n [\n -105.40145874023438,\n 38.441757889396904\n ],\n [\n -104.930419921875,\n 38.27700093565902\n ],\n [\n -104.51156616210938,\n 38.23062921938795\n ],\n [\n -104.47860717773438,\n 38.28454701883166\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"10","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d23b94e4b0236b68f82927","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kimball, Briant A. bkimball@usgs.gov","contributorId":533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kimball","given":"Briant","email":"bkimball@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":685339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":65538,"text":"i2404 - 1995 - Controlled photomosaic of the MTM 20187 Quadrangle, Orcus Patera region of Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-23T12:40:08","indexId":"i2404","displayToPublicDate":"1995-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2404","title":"Controlled photomosaic of the MTM 20187 Quadrangle, Orcus Patera region of Mars","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/i2404","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1995, Controlled photomosaic of the MTM 20187 Quadrangle, Orcus Patera region of Mars: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 2404, Plate: 25 x 36 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/i2404.","productDescription":"Plate: 25 x 36 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":189938,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":100991,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2404/plate-1.pdf","size":"13852","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"502000","otherGeospatial":"Mars","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db688444","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":533925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70185371,"text":"70185371 - 1995 - Measurements of aquifer-storage change and specific yield using gravity surveys","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-21T12:21:41","indexId":"70185371","displayToPublicDate":"1995-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Measurements of aquifer-storage change and specific yield using gravity surveys","docAbstract":"Pinal Creek is an intermittent stream that drains a 200-square-mile alluvial basin in central Arizona. Large changes in water levels and aquifer storage occur in an alluvial aquifer near the stream in response to periodic recharge and ground-water withdrawals. Outflow components of the ground-water budget and hydraulic properties of the alluvium are well-defined by field measurements; however, data are insufficient to adequately describe recharge, aquifer-storage change, and specific-yield values. An investigation was begun to assess the utility of temporal-gravity surveys to directly measure aquifer-storage change and estimate values of specific yield.
The temporal-gravity surveys measured changes in the differences in gravity between two reference stations on bedrock and six stations at wells; changes are caused by variations in aquifer storage. Specific yield was estimated by dividing storage change by water-level change. Four surveys were done between February 21, 1991, and March 31, 1993. Gravity increased as much as 158 microGal ± 1 to 6 microGal, and water levels rose as much as 58 feet. Average specific yield at wells ranged from 0.16 to 0.21, and variations in specific yield with depth correlate with lithologic variations. Results indicate that temporal-gravity surveys can be used to estimate aquifer-storage change and specific yield of water-table aquifers where significant variations in water levels occur. Direct measurement of aquifer-storage change can eliminate a major unknown from the ground-water budget of arid basins and improve residual estimates of recharge.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1995.tb00299.x","usgsCitation":"Pool, D.R., and Eychaner, J., 1995, Measurements of aquifer-storage change and specific yield using gravity surveys: Groundwater, v. 33, no. 3, p. 425-432, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1995.tb00299.x.","productDescription":"8 p. ","startPage":"425","endPage":"432","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337932,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-08-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d23b94e4b0236b68f82920","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pool, D. R.","contributorId":75581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pool","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eychaner, J.H.","contributorId":34511,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eychaner","given":"J.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70185367,"text":"70185367 - 1995 - Combining the Neuman and Boulton models for flow to a well in an unconfined aquifer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-21T12:06:52","indexId":"70185367","displayToPublicDate":"1995-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Combining the Neuman and Boulton models for flow to a well in an unconfined aquifer","docAbstract":"A Laplace transform solution is presented for flow to a well in a homogeneous, water-table aquifer with noninstanta-neous drainage of water from the zone above the water table. The Boulton convolution integral is combined with Darcy's law and used as an upper boundary condition to replace the condition used by Neuman. Boulton's integral derives from the assumption that water drained from the unsaturated zone is released gradually in a manner that varies exponentially with time in response to a unit decline in hydraulic head, whereas the condition used by Newman assumes that the water is released instantaneously. The result is a solution that reduces to the solution obtained by Neuman as the rate of release of water from the zone above the water table increases. A dimensionless fitting parameter, γ, is introduced that incorporates vertical hydraulic conductivity, saturated thickness, specific yield, and an empirical constant α1, similar to Boulton's α. Results show that theoretical drawdown in water-table piezometers is amplified by noninstantaneous drainage from the unsaturated zone to a greater extent than drawdown in piezometers located at depth in the saturated zone. This difference provides a basis for evaluating γ by type-curve matching in addition to the other dimensionless parameters. Analysis of drawdown in selected piezometers from the published results of two aquifer tests conducted in relatively homogeneous glacial outwash deposits but with significantly different hydraulic conductivities reveals improved comparison between the theoretical type curves and the hydraulic head measured in water-table piezometers.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1995.tb00293.x","usgsCitation":"Moench, A.F., 1995, Combining the Neuman and Boulton models for flow to a well in an unconfined aquifer: Groundwater, v. 33, no. 3, p. 378-384, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1995.tb00293.x.","productDescription":"7 p. ","startPage":"378","endPage":"384","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337928,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-08-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d23b94e4b0236b68f82922","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moench, Allen F. afmoench@usgs.gov","contributorId":3903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moench","given":"Allen","email":"afmoench@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":685352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":65539,"text":"i2405 - 1995 - Controlled photomosaic of the MTM 20192 Quadrangle, Orcus Patera region of Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-23T12:41:52","indexId":"i2405","displayToPublicDate":"1995-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2405","title":"Controlled photomosaic of the MTM 20192 Quadrangle, Orcus Patera region of Mars","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/i2405","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1995, Controlled photomosaic of the MTM 20192 Quadrangle, Orcus Patera region of Mars: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 2405, Plate: 26 x 36 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/i2405.","productDescription":"Plate: 26 x 36 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":189939,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":100992,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2405/plate-1.pdf","size":"13727","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"502000","otherGeospatial":"Mars","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db6883d0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":533926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":65540,"text":"i2406 - 1995 - Controlled photomosaic of the MTM 20197 Quadrangle, Orcus Patera region of Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:05","indexId":"i2406","displayToPublicDate":"1995-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2406","subseriesTitle":"NONE","title":"Controlled photomosaic of the MTM 20197 Quadrangle, Orcus Patera region of Mars","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/i2406","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1995, Controlled photomosaic of the MTM 20197 Quadrangle, Orcus Patera region of Mars: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 2406, 1 remote-sensing image ;62 x 59 cm., on sheet 97 x 69 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/i2406.","productDescription":"1 remote-sensing image ;62 x 59 cm., on sheet 97 x 69 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":189940,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":100993,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2406/plate-1.pdf","size":"13397","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"502000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 20,17.5 ], [ 20,22.5 ], [ 195,22.5 ], [ 195,17.5 ], [ 20,17.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db6883d7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":533927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70185365,"text":"70185365 - 1995 - Use of a square-array direct-current resistivity method to detect fractures in crystalline bedrock in New Hampshire","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-14T12:46:21","indexId":"70185365","displayToPublicDate":"1995-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of a square-array direct-current resistivity method to detect fractures in crystalline bedrock in New Hampshire","docAbstract":"Azimuthal square-array direct-current (dc) resistivity soundings were used to detect fractures in bedrock in the Mirror Lake watershed in Grafton County, New Hampshire. Soundings were conducted at a site where crystalline bedrock underlies approximately 7 m (meters) of glacial drift. Measured apparent resistivities changed with the orientation of the array. Graphical interpretation of the square-array data indicates that a dominant fracture set and (or) foliation in the bedrock is oriented at 030° (degrees). Interpretation of crossed square-array data indicates an orientation of 027° and an anisotropy factor of 1.31. Assuming that anisotropy is due to fractures, the secondary porosity is estimated to range from 0.01 to 0.10.
Interpretations of azimuthal square-array data are supported by other geophysical data, including azimuthal seismic-refraction surveys and azimuthal Schlumberger dc-resistivity soundings at the Camp Osceola well field. Dominant fracture trends indicated by these geophysical methods are 022° (seismic-refraction) and 037° (dc-resistivity). Fracture mapping of bedrock outcrops at a site within 250 m indicates that the maximum fracture-strike frequency is oriented at 030°.
The square-array dc-resistivity sounding method is more sensitive to a given rock anisotropy than the more commonly used Schlumberger and Wenner arrays. An additional advantage of the square-array method is that it requires about 65 percent less surface area than an equivalent survey using a Schlumberger or Wenner array.
","language":"English ","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1995.tb00304.x","usgsCitation":"Lane, J., Haeni, F., and Watson, W., 1995, Use of a square-array direct-current resistivity method to detect fractures in crystalline bedrock in New Hampshire: Groundwater, v. 33, no. 3, p. 476-485, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1995.tb00304.x.","productDescription":"10 p. ","startPage":"476","endPage":"485","costCenters":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337926,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Hampshire","otherGeospatial":"Mirror Lake ","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -71.28607749938965,\n 43.65495633091365\n ],\n [\n -71.30135536193848,\n 43.64557859436532\n ],\n [\n -71.29483222961426,\n 43.62259384514501\n ],\n [\n -71.27921104431152,\n 43.62228318022435\n ],\n [\n -71.27483367919922,\n 43.62128904169025\n ],\n [\n -71.27483367919922,\n 43.620232751485744\n ],\n [\n -71.2708854675293,\n 43.61725018485249\n ],\n [\n -71.26032829284668,\n 43.61408104569764\n ],\n [\n -71.25543594360352,\n 43.61246534185104\n ],\n [\n -71.25423431396483,\n 43.60842589232491\n ],\n [\n -71.21526718139648,\n 43.628806806433296\n ],\n [\n -71.23114585876465,\n 43.65365223004351\n ],\n [\n -71.28607749938965,\n 43.65495633091365\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"33","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-08-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d23b94e4b0236b68f82924","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lane, J.W. Jr.","contributorId":66723,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane","given":"J.W.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haeni, F.P.","contributorId":87105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeni","given":"F.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Watson, W.M.","contributorId":189601,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Watson","given":"W.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":65601,"text":"i2411 - 1995 - Controlled photomosaic of the MTM 45352 Quadrangle, Acidalia Planitia region of Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-23T12:43:31","indexId":"i2411","displayToPublicDate":"1995-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2411","title":"Controlled photomosaic of the MTM 45352 Quadrangle, Acidalia Planitia region of Mars","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/i2411","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1995, Controlled photomosaic of the MTM 45352 Quadrangle, Acidalia Planitia region of Mars: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 2411, Plate: 24 x 37 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/i2411.","productDescription":"Plate: 24 x 37 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":188944,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":101051,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2411/plate-1.pdf","size":"12175","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"502000","otherGeospatial":"Mars","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db686812","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":533989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":65542,"text":"i2407 - 1995 - Controlled photomosaic of the MTM 20202 Quadrangle, Orcus Patera region of Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:05","indexId":"i2407","displayToPublicDate":"1995-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2407","subseriesTitle":"NONE","title":"Controlled photomosaic of the MTM 20202 Quadrangle, Orcus Patera region of Mars","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/i2407","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1995, Controlled photomosaic of the MTM 20202 Quadrangle, Orcus Patera region of Mars: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 2407, 1 remote-sensing image ;61 x 59 cm., on sheet 97 x 65 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/i2407.","productDescription":"1 remote-sensing image ;61 x 59 cm., on sheet 97 x 65 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":190032,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":100995,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2407/plate-1.pdf","size":"13974","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"502000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 20,17.5 ], [ 20,22.5 ], [ 20.833333333333332,22.5 ], [ 20.833333333333332,17.5 ], [ 20,17.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db6883de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":533929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":6597,"text":"fs13295 - 1995 - Echo-sounding method aids earthquake hazard studies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-03T09:24:42","indexId":"fs13295","displayToPublicDate":"1995-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"132-95","title":"Echo-sounding method aids earthquake hazard studies","docAbstract":"Dramatic examples of catastrophic damage from an earthquake occurred in 1989, when the M 7.1 Lorna Prieta rocked \nthe San Francisco Bay area, and in 1994, when the M 6.6 Northridge earthquake jolted southern California. The \nsurprising amount and distribution of damage to private property and infrastructure emphasizes the importance of \nseismic-hazard research in urbanized areas, where the potential for damage and loss of life is greatest.
\nDuring April 1995, a group of scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey and the University of \nTennessee, using an echo-sounding method described below, is collecting data in San Antonio \nPark, California, to examine the Monte Vista fault which runs through this park. The Monte Vista \nfault in this vicinity shows evidence of movement within the last 10,000 years or so. The data will \ngive them a \"picture\" of the subsurface rock deformation near this fault. The data will also be used \nto help locate a trench that will be dug across the fault by scientists from William Lettis & \nAssociates.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs13295","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1995, Echo-sounding method aids earthquake hazard studies: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 132-95, 1 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs13295.","productDescription":"1 p.","numberOfPages":"1","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":140000,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs13295.jpg"},{"id":285408,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/0132-95/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -123.0,37.0 ], [ -123.0,39.0 ], [ -121.0,39.0 ], [ -121.0,37.0 ], [ -123.0,37.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ee4b07f02db627eba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":528746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":29674,"text":"wri934180 - 1995 - Estimated Water Use in 1990, Island of Kauai, Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:15","indexId":"wri934180","displayToPublicDate":"1995-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-4180","title":"Estimated Water Use in 1990, Island of Kauai, Hawaii","docAbstract":"The estimated total quantity of freshwater withdrawn on the island of Kauai, Hawaii, in 1990 was 370.84 million gallons per day of which 46.29 million gallons per day (12 percent) was from ground-water sources, and 324.55 million gallons per day (88 percent) was from surface-water sources. An additional estimated 40.94 million gallons per day of saline water was withdrawn for thermoelectric power generation. Agricultural irrigation was the principal use, accounting for 66 percent of the total freshwater withdrawals. Irrigation accounted for about 40 percent of the fresh ground-water withdrawals, followed by public supply, thermoelectric power generation, self-supplied domestic, self-supplied commercial, and self-supplied industrial withdrawals. Agricultural irrigation accounted for 69 percent of the total fresh surface-water withdrawals, followed by hydroelectric power generation, self-supplied industrial, public-supply and self-supplied livestock withdrawals.\r\n\r\nA comparison of water-use data for 1980 and 1990 shows total freshwater uses decreased during 1990 by slightly more than 100 million gallons per day because of decreased withdrawals for sugarcane irrigation and processing. During this time, increased domestic, commercial, and thermoelectric power usage reflects increases in the resident population and in tourism on the island.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/wri934180","usgsCitation":"Shade, P.J., 1995, Estimated Water Use in 1990, Island of Kauai, Hawaii: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 93-4180, iv, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri934180.","productDescription":"iv, 23 p.","costCenters":[{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":124100,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4180/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58502,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4180/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ee4b07f02db5fdca2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shade, Patricia J.","contributorId":30618,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shade","given":"Patricia","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70185324,"text":"70185324 - 1995 - Comment on \"Thermodynamics of organic chemical partition in soils\"","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-22T07:57:14","indexId":"70185324","displayToPublicDate":"1995-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comment on \"Thermodynamics of organic chemical partition in soils\"","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es00005a040","usgsCitation":"Chiou, C.T., 1995, Comment on \"Thermodynamics of organic chemical partition in soils\": Environmental Science & Technology, v. 29, no. 5, p. 1421-1422, https://doi.org/10.1021/es00005a040.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"1421","endPage":"1422","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337864,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d0ea1ee4b0236b68f6739f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chiou, Cary T. 0000-0002-8743-0702","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8743-0702","contributorId":189558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chiou","given":"Cary","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":6641,"text":"fs09095 - 1995 - Water-quality assessment of the Trinity River Basin, Texas—Data collection, 1992–95","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-16T15:52:17","indexId":"fs09095","displayToPublicDate":"1995-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"090-95","title":"Water-quality assessment of the Trinity River Basin, Texas—Data collection, 1992–95","docAbstract":"Assessment activities in the Trinity River Basin study unit of the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program began in October 1991 with 2 years dedicated to planning, analyzing existing information, and designing data-collection networks. In October 1993, a 3-year intensive data-collection program was initiated. Guidelines were provided by the NAWQA Program National Synthesis team, and suggestions for networks and surveys were made by the study unit’s liaison committee. This fact sheet describes the data-collection activities.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/fs09095","usgsCitation":"Land, L.F., 1995, Water-quality assessment of the Trinity River Basin, Texas—Data collection, 1992–95: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 090-95, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs09095.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":122638,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_090_95.bmp"},{"id":690,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/fs09095/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Trinity River Basin","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e6dbb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Land, Larry F.","contributorId":60612,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Land","given":"Larry","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":153088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5053,"text":"fs04695 - 1995 - U. S. Geological Survey programs in Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:42","indexId":"fs04695","displayToPublicDate":"1995-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"046-95","title":"U. S. Geological Survey programs in Virginia","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"The Survey,","doi":"10.3133/fs04695","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1995, U. S. Geological Survey programs in Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 046-95, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs04695.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":368,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/wid/html/va.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":123044,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1995/0046/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":31867,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1995/0046/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2ce4b07f02db613b08","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":528427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5074,"text":"fs07995 - 1995 - Aerial infrared surveys in the investigation of geothermal and volcanic heat sources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:51","indexId":"fs07995","displayToPublicDate":"1995-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"079-95","title":"Aerial infrared surveys in the investigation of geothermal and volcanic heat sources","docAbstract":"This factsheet briefly summarizes and clarifies the application of aerial infrared surveys in geophysical exploration for geothermal energy sources and environmental monitoring for potential volcanic hazards.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/fs07995","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1995, Aerial infrared surveys in the investigation of geothermal and volcanic heat sources: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 079-95, [4] p. : ill. ; 28 cm. ill. ;, https://doi.org/10.3133/fs07995.","productDescription":"[4] p. : ill. ; 28 cm. ill. ;","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":139787,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b02e4b07f02db698d70","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":528435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":17519,"text":"ofr9551 - 1995 - Preliminary geologic map of the Calabasas 7.5' quadrangle, southern California: A digital database","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-13T21:34:04.791167","indexId":"ofr9551","displayToPublicDate":"1995-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-51","title":"Preliminary geologic map of the Calabasas 7.5' quadrangle, southern California: A digital database","docAbstract":"This Open-File report is a digital geologic map database. This pamphlet serves to introduce and describe the digital data. There is no paper map included in the Open-File report. This digital map database is compiled from previously published sources combined with some new mapping and modifications in nomenclature. The geologic map database delineates map units that are identified by general age and lithology following the stratigraphic nomenclature of the U. S. Geological Survey. For detailed descriptions of the units, their stratigraphic relations and sources of geologic mapping consult Yerkes and Campbell (1993). More specific information about the units may be available in the original sources.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr9551","usgsCitation":"Yerkes, R.F., and Campbell, R.H., 1995, Preliminary geologic map of the Calabasas 7.5' quadrangle, southern California: A digital database (Revised 1997): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-51, Report: 12 p.; Readme; Metadata; Database, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9551.","productDescription":"Report: 12 p.; Readme; Metadata; Database","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":149062,"rank":12,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0051/images/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":284016,"rank":11,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0051/calab.ps"},{"id":284015,"rank":10,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0051/calab.txt"},{"id":284017,"rank":9,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://geo-nsdi.er.usgs.gov/metadata/open-file/95-51/metadata.faq.html"},{"id":284013,"rank":8,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0051/"},{"id":284014,"rank":7,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0051/pdf/of95-51.pdf"},{"id":284020,"rank":1,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0051/cb-strc.e00.gz"},{"id":284019,"rank":2,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0051/cb-geol.e00.gz"},{"id":284021,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0051/cb-wells.e00.gz"},{"id":284022,"rank":4,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0051/cb-foss.e00.gz"},{"id":284023,"rank":5,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0051/cb-topo.e00.gz"},{"id":284018,"rank":6,"type":{"id":9,"text":"Database"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0051/calab.tar.gz"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Calabasas quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -118.75,34.125 ], [ -118.75,34.25 ], [ -118.625,34.25 ], [ -118.625,34.125 ], [ -118.75,34.125 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Revised 1997","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67bc2d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yerkes, R. F.","contributorId":24754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yerkes","given":"R.","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":176700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Campbell, R. H.","contributorId":52160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":176701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1003454,"text":"1003454 - 1995 - Improving electrofishing catch consistency by standardizing power","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-27T16:49:49.351647","indexId":"1003454","displayToPublicDate":"1995-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Improving electrofishing catch consistency by standardizing power","docAbstract":"The electrical output of electrofishing equipment is commonly standardized by using either constant voltage or constant amperage, However, simplified circuit and wave theories of electricity suggest that standardization of power (wattage) available for transfer from water to fish may be critical for effective standardization of electrofishing. Electrofishing with standardized power ensures that constant power is transferable to fish regardless of water conditions. The in situ performance of standardized power output is poorly known. We used data collected by the interagency Long Term Resource Monitoring Program (LTRMP) in the upper Mississippi River system to assess the effectiveness of standardizing power output. The data consisted of 278 electrofishing collections, comprising 9,282 fishes in eight species groups, obtained during 1990 from main channel border, backwater, and tailwater aquatic areas in four reaches of the upper Mississippi River and one reach of the Illinois River. Variation in power output explained an average of 14.9% of catch variance for night electrofishing and 12.1 % for day electrofishing. Three patterns in catch per unit effort were observed for different species: increasing catch with increasing power, decreasing catch with increasing power, and no power-related pattern. Therefore, in addition to reducing catch variation, controlling power output may provide some capability to select particular species. The LTRMP adopted standardized power output beginning in 1991; standardized power output is adjusted for variation in water conductivity and water temperature by reference to a simple chart. Our data suggest that by standardizing electrofishing power output, the LTRMP has eliminated substantial amounts of catch variation at virtually no additional cost.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1577/1548-8675(1995)015<0375:IECCBS>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Burkhardt, R.W., and Gutreuter, S., 1995, Improving electrofishing catch consistency by standardizing power: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 15, no. 2, p. 375-381, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8675(1995)015<0375:IECCBS>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"375","endPage":"381","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134421,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"upper Mississippi River system","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-87.800477,42.49192],[-87.812461,42.232278],[-87.524844,41.691635],[-87.531646,39.347888],[-87.640435,39.166727],[-87.496537,38.778571],[-87.975511,38.232742],[-88.158207,37.664542],[-88.078046,37.532029],[-88.450127,37.411717],[-88.490068,37.067874],[-89.058036,37.188767],[-89.171881,37.068184],[-89.202607,36.601576],[-89.343753,36.630991],[-89.429311,36.481875],[-89.55264,36.577178],[-89.527029,36.341679],[-89.703511,36.243412],[-89.615128,36.113816],[-89.733095,36.000608],[-90.368718,35.995812],[-90.075934,36.281485],[-90.157136,36.484317],[-94.617919,36.499414],[-94.605734,39.122204],[-95.082714,39.516712],[-94.876344,39.806894],[-95.382957,40.027112],[-95.870481,40.71248],[-95.929889,41.415155],[-96.096186,41.547192],[-96.077543,41.777824],[-96.628741,42.757532],[-96.448134,43.104452],[-96.598396,43.495074],[-96.453049,43.500415],[-96.452948,45.268925],[-96.835451,45.586129],[-96.587093,45.816445],[-96.559271,46.058272],[-96.789572,46.639079],[-96.851293,47.589264],[-97.139497,48.153108],[-97.108655,48.691484],[-97.238387,48.982631],[-95.153711,48.998903],[-95.153314,49.384358],[-94.974286,49.367738],[-94.555835,48.716207],[-93.741843,48.517347],[-92.984963,48.623731],[-92.634931,48.542873],[-92.698824,48.494892],[-92.341207,48.23248],[-92.066269,48.359602],[-91.542512,48.053268],[-90.88548,48.245784],[-90.703702,48.096009],[-89.489226,48.014528],[-90.735927,47.624343],[-92.058888,46.809938],[-92.025789,46.710839],[-91.781928,46.697604],[-90.880358,46.957661],[-90.78804,46.844886],[-90.920813,46.637432],[-90.327548,46.550262],[-89.929158,46.29975],[-88.141001,45.930608],[-88.13364,45.823128],[-87.831442,45.714938],[-87.887828,45.358122],[-87.647454,45.345232],[-87.72796,45.207956],[-87.59188,45.094689],[-87.983065,44.72073],[-87.970702,44.530292],[-87.021088,45.296541],[-87.73063,43.893862],[-87.910172,43.236634],[-87.800477,42.49192]]],[[[-86.880572,45.331467],[-86.956192,45.351179],[-86.82177,45.427602],[-86.880572,45.331467]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Iowa\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","volume":"15","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a2f6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burkhardt, Randy W.","contributorId":50493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burkhardt","given":"Randy","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gutreuter, Steve","contributorId":91437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gutreuter","given":"Steve","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":4488,"text":"cir1120H - 1995 - Flood volumes in the upper Mississippi River basin, April 1 through September 30, 1993","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-16T14:06:45","indexId":"cir1120H","displayToPublicDate":"1995-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1120","chapter":"H","title":"Flood volumes in the upper Mississippi River basin, April 1 through September 30, 1993","docAbstract":"Previous maximum flows on many streams and rivers were exceeded during the flood of 1993 in the upper Mississippi River Basin. Not only were peak discharges exceeded at many streamflow-gaging stations, but flood volumes were significantly higher than previous maximums. Rainfall amounts that were greater than 50 inches were recorded in parts of Kansas, Missouri, and Iowa from April 1 through September 30, 1993 . As a result of the excess rainfall, 53 of the 60 stations discussed in this report had flow volumes that were greater than twice the mean flow volume for April through September. The Mississippi River at St. Louis, Missouri, remained above flood stage for 144 days from April 1 to September 30, 1993, compared with 81 days during the 1973 flood. Of the 60 stations, 24 recorded new maximum 3-day flood volumes, and 47 recorded new maximum 120- day flood volumes. This indicates that the flooding of 1993 is significant with respect to its long duration and magnitude of flow . The same aspect is indicated in the frequency analysis of the 1993 flood. During the 1993 flood, the 100- year 3-day flows were exceeded at 22 stations, and the 120-day flows were exceeded at 43 stations.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/cir1120H","usgsCitation":"Southard, R.E., 1995, Flood volumes in the upper Mississippi River basin, April 1 through September 30, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1120, v, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1120H.","productDescription":"v, 32 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":533,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/circ1120-h","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":123580,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/cir_1120_H.bmp"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Upper Mississippi River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.802734375,\n 42.66628070564928\n ],\n [\n -87.802734375,\n 42.35854391749705\n ],\n [\n -87.8466796875,\n 42.22851735620852\n ],\n [\n -87.64892578125,\n 42.08191667830631\n ],\n [\n -87.4951171875,\n 41.72213058512578\n ],\n [\n -87.69287109375,\n 41.475660200278234\n ],\n [\n -87.890625,\n 41.07935114946899\n ],\n [\n -88.24218749999999,\n 40.59727063442027\n ],\n [\n -88.39599609375,\n 40.07807142745009\n ],\n [\n -88.39599609375,\n 39.35129035526705\n ],\n [\n -88.43994140625,\n 38.95940879245423\n ],\n [\n -88.505859375,\n 38.151837403006766\n ],\n [\n -88.72558593749999,\n 37.52715361723378\n ],\n [\n -89.09912109375,\n 37.03763967977139\n ],\n [\n -89.71435546875,\n 36.89719446989036\n ],\n [\n -90.3076171875,\n 36.96744946416931\n ],\n [\n -90.59326171875,\n 37.26530995561875\n ],\n [\n -90.791015625,\n 37.42252593456307\n ],\n [\n -91.40625,\n 37.38761749978395\n ],\n [\n -92.04345703125,\n 37.38761749978395\n ],\n [\n -93.14208984375,\n 37.37015718405753\n ],\n [\n -94.59228515625,\n 37.63163475580643\n ],\n [\n -95.361328125,\n 37.87485339352928\n ],\n [\n -95.7568359375,\n 38.565347844885466\n ],\n [\n -96.08642578125,\n 38.87392853923629\n ],\n [\n -96.8115234375,\n 38.839707613545144\n ],\n [\n -97.42675781249999,\n 38.65119833229951\n ],\n [\n -97.822265625,\n 38.59970036588819\n ],\n [\n -98.15185546874999,\n 38.65119833229951\n ],\n [\n -98.701171875,\n 39.04478604850143\n ],\n [\n -99.03076171875,\n 39.52099229357195\n ],\n [\n -99.03076171875,\n 39.99395569397331\n ],\n [\n -99.140625,\n 40.36328834091583\n ],\n [\n -99.140625,\n 41.07935114946899\n ],\n [\n -99.03076171875,\n 41.75492216766298\n ],\n [\n -99.33837890625,\n 42.52069952914966\n ],\n [\n -100.12939453125,\n 43.78695837311561\n ],\n [\n -100.72265625,\n 44.574817404670306\n ],\n [\n -101.18408203124999,\n 45.27488643704894\n ],\n [\n -101.57958984375,\n 45.85941212790755\n ],\n [\n -101.953125,\n 46.76996843356982\n ],\n [\n -101.75537109375,\n 46.965259400349275\n ],\n [\n -101.513671875,\n 47.3834738721015\n ],\n [\n -101.0302734375,\n 47.53203824675999\n ],\n [\n -100.17333984375,\n 47.60616304386874\n ],\n [\n -99.6240234375,\n 47.60616304386874\n ],\n [\n -99.228515625,\n 47.249406957888446\n ],\n [\n -98.72314453125,\n 46.72480037466717\n ],\n [\n -98.26171875,\n 46.057985244793024\n ],\n [\n -97.53662109375,\n 45.99696161820381\n ],\n [\n -97.119140625,\n 45.98169518512228\n ],\n [\n -95.73486328124999,\n 45.9511496866914\n ],\n [\n -94.8779296875,\n 46.027481852486645\n ],\n [\n -93.1640625,\n 46.042735653846506\n ],\n [\n -91.86767578124999,\n 46.08847179577592\n ],\n [\n -90.87890625,\n 46.08847179577592\n ],\n [\n -89.7802734375,\n 46.08847179577592\n ],\n [\n -89.07714843749999,\n 45.644768217751924\n ],\n [\n -88.857421875,\n 45.22848059584359\n ],\n [\n -88.76953125,\n 44.85586880735725\n ],\n [\n -88.92333984375,\n 44.402391829093915\n ],\n [\n -89.05517578125,\n 44.166444664458595\n ],\n [\n -89.47265625,\n 43.59630591596548\n ],\n [\n -89.49462890625,\n 43.35713822211053\n ],\n [\n -89.05517578125,\n 43.37311218382002\n ],\n [\n -88.79150390625,\n 43.35713822211053\n ],\n [\n -88.43994140625,\n 43.1811470593997\n ],\n [\n -87.95654296875,\n 42.87596410238254\n ],\n [\n -87.802734375,\n 42.66628070564928\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","tableOfContents":"The High Plains aquifer underlying the semiarid Southern High Plains of Texas and New Mexico, USA was used to illustrate solute and isotopic methods for evaluating recharge fluxes, runoff, and spatial and temporal distribution of recharge. The chloride mass-balance method can provide, under certain conditions, a time-integrated technique for evaluation of recharge flux to regional aquifers that is independent of physical parameters. Applying this method to the High Plains aquifer of the Southern High Plains suggests that recharge flux is approximately 2% of precipitation, or approximately 11 ± 2 mm/y, consistent with previous estimates based on a variety of physically based measurements. The method is useful because long-term average precipitation and chloride concentrations in rain and ground water have less uncertainty and are generally less expensive to acquire than physically based parameters commonly used in analyzing recharge. Spatial and temporal distribution of recharge was evaluated by use of δ2H, δ18O, and tritium concentrations in both ground water and the unsaturated zone. Analyses suggest that nearly half of the recharge to the Southern High Plains occurs as piston flow through playa basin floors that occupy approximately 6% of the area, and that macropore recharge may be important in the remaining recharge. Tritium and chloride concentrations in the unsaturated zone were used in a new equation developed to quantify runoff. Using this equation and data from a representative basin, runoff was found to be 24 ± 3 mm/y; that is in close agreement with values obtained from water-balance measurements on experimental watersheds in the area. Such geochemical estimates are possible because tritium is used to calculate a recharge flux that is independent of precipitation and runoff, whereas recharge flux based on chloride concentration in the unsaturated zone is dependent upon the amount of runoff. The difference between these two estimates yields the amount of runoff to the basin.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1995.tb00302.x","usgsCitation":"Wood, W., and Sanford, W.E., 1995, Chemical and isotopic methods for quantifying ground-water recharge in a regional, semiarid environment: Groundwater, v. 33, no. 3, p. 458-468, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1995.tb00302.x.","productDescription":"11 p. ","startPage":"458","endPage":"468","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337946,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-08-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d23b94e4b0236b68f8291e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, Warren W.","contributorId":47770,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wood","given":"Warren W.","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":685397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sanford, Ward E. 0000-0002-6624-0280 wsanford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6624-0280","contributorId":2268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanford","given":"Ward","email":"wsanford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":685398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":35190,"text":"b2111 - 1995 - Industrial minerals of the Midcontinent: Proceedings of the Midcontinent industrial minerals workshop","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-20T15:55:02","indexId":"b2111","displayToPublicDate":"1995-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2111","title":"Industrial minerals of the Midcontinent: Proceedings of the Midcontinent industrial minerals workshop","docAbstract":"The Midcontinent Industrial Minerals Workshop, in St. Louis, Missouri, September 16-17, 1991, was the fourth U.S. Geological Survey-sponsored meeting on the essential role of industrial rocks and minerals in the Nation's social and economic framework. The meeting was organized, supported, and the agenda was determined by a group from the USGS, the U.S. Bureau of Mines, and the State geological surveys of Arkansas, Illinois, Kansas, Kentucky, Missouri, Nebraska, and Oklahoma, with early assistance in planning from the Iowa and Tennessee surveys. As the major industrial rocks and minerals used in the nine-State area of the Midcontinent are construction materials, the Workshop focused on sand and gravel and limestone-dolomite resources and the extraction industry for those materials. Because active audience participation was considered vital, representatives from industry, universities, geological surveys, planning groups, regulatory agencies, and State legislatures were invited. The audience consisted of 87 attendees out of 120 invited participants (no legislators attended).
","conferenceTitle":"Midcontinent industrial minerals workshop","conferenceDate":"September 16-17,1991","conferenceLocation":"St. Louis, MO","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/b2111","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Bureau of Mines, the Arkansas Geological Commission, the Illinois State Geological Survey, the Kansas Geological Survey, the Kentucky Geological Survey, the Missouri Division of Geology and Land Survey, the Nebraska Division of Conservation and Survey, and the Oklahoma Geological Survey ","usgsCitation":"1995, Industrial minerals of the Midcontinent: Proceedings of the Midcontinent industrial minerals workshop: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2111, ix, 126 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/b2111.","productDescription":"ix, 126 p.","numberOfPages":"140","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":63067,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/2111/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":166447,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/2111/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f1e4b07f02db5eea04","contributors":{"compilers":[{"text":"Bush, Alfred Lerner","contributorId":38159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bush","given":"Alfred","email":"","middleInitial":"Lerner","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":729088,"contributorType":{"id":3,"text":"Compilers"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hayes, Timothy Scott","contributorId":97151,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"Timothy Scott","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":729089,"contributorType":{"id":3,"text":"Compilers"},"rank":2}],"editors":[{"text":"Bush, Alfred Lerner","contributorId":38159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bush","given":"Alfred","email":"","middleInitial":"Lerner","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":729086,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hayes, Timothy Scott","contributorId":97151,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"Timothy Scott","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":729087,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}