In the United States, national chemical water quality criteria for the protection of aquatic life assume that aquatic ecosystems have sufficient resiliency to recover from criteria exceedences occurring up to once every 3 years. This resiliency assumption was critically reviewed through two approaches: 1) synthesis of case studies and 2) population modeling. The population modeling examined differences in recovery of species with widely different life histories. One invertebrate (Hyalella azteca) and four fish species were modeled (fathead minnow, brook trout, lake trout, and shortnose sturgeon) with various disturbance magnitudes and intervals. The synthesis of ecosystem case studies showed generally faster recoveries for insect communities rather than fish, and recoveries from pulse (acute) disturbances were often faster than recoveries from press (chronic) disturbances. When the recovery dataset excluded severe disturbances that seemed unrepresentative of common facility discharge upsets that might cause criteria exceedences, the median recovery time was 1 year, 81% of the cases were considered recovered within 3 years, and 95% were considered recovered within 10 years. The modeling projected that short-lived fish species with high recovery times could thrive despite enduring 50% mortality disturbances every other year. However, long-lived fish species had longer recovery times and declined under the 1 disturbance every 3 years scenario. Overall, the analyses did not refute the long-standing judgements that 3 years is generally sufficient for recovery from non-repetitive, moderate intensity disturbances of a magnitude up to 2X the chronic criteria in waters without other pollution sources or stresses. However, these constraints may not always be met and if long-lived fish species are a concern, longer return intervals such as 5 to 10 years could be indicated.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/etc.5471","usgsCitation":"Mebane, C.A., 2022, The capacity of freshwater ecosystems to recover from exceedances of aquatic life criteria: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 41, no. 12, p. 2887-2910, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5471.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"2887","endPage":"2910","ipdsId":"IP-125552","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":446640,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5471","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":406944,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"41","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-08-26","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mebane, Christopher A. 0000-0002-9089-0267 cmebane@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9089-0267","contributorId":110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mebane","given":"Christopher","email":"cmebane@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":852244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70236857,"text":"70236857 - 2022 - Variation in within-host replication kinetics among virus genotypes provides evidence of specialist and generalist infection strategies across three salmonid host species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-20T12:20:01.426668","indexId":"70236857","displayToPublicDate":"2022-08-24T07:18:52","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5051,"text":"Virus Evolution","onlineIssn":"2057-1577","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Variation in within-host replication kinetics among virus genotypes provides evidence of specialist and generalist infection strategies across three salmonid host species","docAbstract":"Theory of the evolution of pathogen specialization suggests that a specialist pathogen gains high fitness in one host, but this comes with fitness loss in other hosts. By contrast, a generalist pathogen does not achieve high fitness in any host, but gains ecological fitness by exploiting different hosts, and has higher fitness than specialists in nonspecialized hosts. As a result, specialist pathogens are predicted to have greater variation in fitness across hosts, and generalists would have lower fitness variation across hosts. We test these hypotheses by measuring pathogen replicative fitness as within-host viral loads from the onset of infection to the beginning of virus clearance, using the rhabdovirus infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) in salmonid fish. Based on field prevalence and virulence studies, the IHNV subgroups UP, MD, and L are specialists, causing infection and mortality in sockeye salmon, steelhead, and Chinook salmon juveniles, respectively. The UC subgroup evolved naturally from a UP ancestor and is a generalist infecting all three host species but without causing severe disease. We show that the specialist subgroups had the highest peak and mean viral loads in the hosts in which they are specialized, and they had low viral loads in nonspecialized hosts, resulting in large variation in viral load across hosts. Viral kinetics show that the mechanisms of specialization involve the ability to both maximize early virus replication and avoid clearance at later times, with different mechanisms of specialization evident in different host–virus combinations. Additional nuances in the data included different fitness levels for nonspecialist interactions, reflecting different trade-offs for specialist viruses in other hosts. The generalist UC subgroup reached intermediate viral loads in all hosts and showed the smallest variation in fitness across hosts. The evolution of the UC generalist from an ancestral UP sockeye specialist was associated with fitness increases in steelhead and Chinook salmon, but only slight decreases in fitness in sockeye salmon, consistent with low- or no-cost generalism. Our results support major elements of the specialist–generalist theory, providing evidence of a specialist–generalist continuum in a vertebrate pathogen. These results also quantify within-host replicative fitness trade-offs resulting from the natural evolution of specialist and generalist virus lineages in multi-host ecosystems
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/ve/veac079","usgsCitation":"Paez, D.J., McKenney, D.G., Purcell, M.K., Naish, K.A., and Kurath, G., 2022, Variation in within-host replication kinetics among virus genotypes provides evidence of specialist and generalist infection strategies across three salmonid host species: Virus Evolution, v. 8, no. 2, veac079, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1093/ve/veac079.","productDescription":"veac079, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-142038","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":446678,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ve/veac079","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435719,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P98UQLLW","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Survival and viral load of chinook salmon, sockeye salmon, and steelhead trout exposed to 4 genogroups of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV)"},{"id":407051,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-08-24","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Páez, David James 0000-0001-9035-394X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9035-394X","contributorId":296751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Páez","given":"David","middleInitial":"James","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":852373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McKenney, Douglas G.","contributorId":296750,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKenney","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":64163,"text":"Previously USGS, Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":852374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Purcell, Maureen K. 0000-0003-0154-8433 mpurcell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0154-8433","contributorId":168475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Purcell","given":"Maureen","email":"mpurcell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":852375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Naish, Kerry A. 0000-0002-3275-8778","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3275-8778","contributorId":201136,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Naish","given":"Kerry","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":852376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kurath, Gael 0000-0003-3294-560X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3294-560X","contributorId":220175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kurath","given":"Gael","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":852377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70235868,"text":"70235868 - 2022 - The Water Recycling Revolution: Tapping into the future","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-15T15:19:15.334305","indexId":"70235868","displayToPublicDate":"2022-08-19T09:18:54","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Water Recycling Revolution: Tapping into the future","docAbstract":"The Water Recycling Revolution discusses issues affecting acceptance of water reuse for public supply. The book is useful to water resource, regulatory, and public health professionals interested in the history of successful and unsuccessful attempts to conserve, recycle, and reuse treated municipal wastewater as a public resource. The book is timely given the extended drought conditions throughout much of the American southwest and the almost one billion gallons of water available daily for reuse in southern California alone (Ding, 2022).","language":"English","publisher":"National Groundwater Association","doi":"10.1111/gwat.13243","usgsCitation":"Izbicki, J.A., 2022, The Water Recycling Revolution: Tapping into the future: Groundwater, v. 60, no. 5, p. 581-582, https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.13243.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"581","endPage":"582","ipdsId":"IP-143606","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":405681,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"60","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-08-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Izbicki, John A. 0000-0003-0816-4408 jaizbick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0816-4408","contributorId":152474,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Izbicki","given":"John","email":"jaizbick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":849582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70235898,"text":"70235898 - 2022 - Collateral damage: Anticoagulant rodenticides pose threats to California condors","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-25T15:53:53.204495","indexId":"70235898","displayToPublicDate":"2022-08-18T10:41:25","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1555,"text":"Environmental Pollution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Collateral damage: Anticoagulant rodenticides pose threats to California condors","docAbstract":"Anticoagulant rodenticides (ARs) are widespread environmental contaminants that pose risks to scavenging birds because they routinely occur within their prey and can cause secondary poisoning. However, little is known about AR exposure in one of the rarest avian scavengers in the world, the California condor (Gymnogyps californianus). We assessed AR exposure in California condors and surrogate turkey vultures (Cathartes aura) to gauge potential hazard to a proposed future condor flock by determining how application rate and environmental factors influence exposure. Additionally, we examined whether ARs might be correlated with prolonged blood clotting time and potential mortality in condors. Only second-generation ARs (SGARs) were detected, and exposure was detected in all condor flocks. Liver AR residues were detected in 42% of the condors (27 of 65) and 93% of the turkey vultures (66 of 71). Although concentrations were generally low (<10 ng/g ww), 48% of the California condors and 64% of the turkey vultures exposed to ARs exceeded the 5% probability of exhibiting signs of toxicosis (>20 ng/g ww), and 10% and 13% exceeded the 20% probability of exhibiting signs toxicosis (>80 ng/g ww). There was evidence of prolonged blood clotting time in 16% of the free-flying condors. For condors, there was a relationship between the interaction of AR exposure index (legal use across regions where condors existed) and precipitation, and the probability of detecting ARs in liver. Exposure to ARs may complicate recovery efforts of condor populations within their current range and in the soon to be established northern California experimental population. Continued monitoring of AR exposure using plasma blood clotting assays and residue analysis would allow for an improved understanding of their hazard to condors, particularly if paired with recent movement data that could elucidate exposure sources on the landscape occupied by this endangered species.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119925","usgsCitation":"Herring, G., Eagles-Smith, C., Wolstenholme, R., Welch, A., West, C., and Rattner, B.A., 2022, Collateral damage: Anticoagulant rodenticides pose threats to California condors: Environmental Pollution, v. 311, 119925, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119925.","productDescription":"119925, 9 p.","ipdsId":"IP-139709","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":446732,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119925","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435724,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9NHPLHX","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Anticoagulant rodenticide concentrations in blood and tissue of California condors and turkey vultures (ver. 2.0, May 2023)"},{"id":405589,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Pinnacles National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.2506103515625,\n 36.39696752441776\n ],\n [\n -121.10229492187501,\n 36.39696752441776\n ],\n [\n -121.10229492187501,\n 36.56370306576917\n ],\n [\n -121.2506103515625,\n 36.56370306576917\n ],\n [\n -121.2506103515625,\n 36.39696752441776\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"311","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Herring, Garth 0000-0003-1106-4731 gherring@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1106-4731","contributorId":4403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herring","given":"Garth","email":"gherring@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":849634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eagles-Smith, Collin A. 0000-0003-1329-5285","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1329-5285","contributorId":221745,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eagles-Smith","given":"Collin A.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":849635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wolstenholme, Rachel","contributorId":295522,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wolstenholme","given":"Rachel","affiliations":[{"id":36189,"text":"National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":849636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Welch, Alacia","contributorId":206083,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Welch","given":"Alacia","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37236,"text":"Pinnacles National Park","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":849637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"West, Chris","contributorId":295524,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"West","given":"Chris","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38097,"text":"Yurok Tribe","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":849638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rattner, Barnett A. 0000-0003-3676-2843 brattner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3676-2843","contributorId":4142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rattner","given":"Barnett","email":"brattner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":849639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70238485,"text":"70238485 - 2022 - The effects of prolonged drought on vegetation dieback and megafires in southern California chaparral","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-28T13:51:09.520414","indexId":"70238485","displayToPublicDate":"2022-08-18T07:46:32","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effects of prolonged drought on vegetation dieback and megafires in southern California chaparral","docAbstract":"Drought contributed to extensive dieback of southern California chaparral, and normalized difference vegetation index before drought and near the end of the drought was used to estimate this dieback, after accounting for other disturbances recorded in aerial photographs. Within the perimeters of two megafires that occurred after the drought, the 2017 Thomas Fire and the 2018 Woolsey Fire, there had been extensive areas of dieback. Comparing dieback with Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity measures of fire severity, there was a highly significant negative relationship between drought-caused shrub dieback and fire-caused dieback as measured by fire severity. We interpret this as further support for our remote sensing methodology for prefire dieback. Models of fire behavior suggest that one means by which dieback contributes to fire size is through increasing the density and distance of spot fires, particularly under extreme wind conditions. Lower elevation chaparral associations appear to be most vulnerable and are closer to urban environments, which should be a concern to fire managers in regions subjected to extended droughts.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4203","usgsCitation":"Keeley, J., Brennan-Kane, T.J., and Syphard, A.D., 2022, The effects of prolonged drought on vegetation dieback and megafires in southern California chaparral: Ecosphere, v. 13, no. 8, e4203, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.4203.","productDescription":"e4203, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-136211","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":446744,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.4203","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435726,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P91LIW2P","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"The Effect of Prolonged Drought on Chaparral Dieback within the Perimeters of the Thomas and Woolsey Fires in Southern California, USA"},{"id":409688,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Los Angeles County, Santa Barbara County, Venture County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.5917796123387,\n 34.052337495398135\n ],\n [\n -118.4772825512335,\n 34.467490859424444\n ],\n [\n -119.38587213290705,\n 34.92905378144492\n ],\n [\n -119.67765496604588,\n 34.46140052062019\n ],\n [\n -119.13102383560852,\n 34.1410346214366\n ],\n [\n -118.79122610587672,\n 34.02785296997229\n ],\n [\n -118.5917796123387,\n 34.052337495398135\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"13","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-08-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Keeley, Jon 0000-0002-4564-6521","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-6521","contributorId":216485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeley","given":"Jon","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":857604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brennan-Kane, Theresa J 0000-0002-0646-3298","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0646-3298","contributorId":292871,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brennan-Kane","given":"Theresa","email":"","middleInitial":"J","affiliations":[{"id":63051,"text":"previously WERC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":857605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Syphard, Alexandra D.","contributorId":8977,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Syphard","given":"Alexandra","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":857606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70240257,"text":"70240257 - 2022 - Seismometer records of ground tilt induced by debris flows","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-02T15:41:51.102633","indexId":"70240257","displayToPublicDate":"2022-08-17T09:21:40","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismometer records of ground tilt induced by debris flows","docAbstract":"A change in surface loading causes the Earth’s surface to deform. Mass movements, such as debris flows, can cause a tilt large enough to be recorded by nearby instruments, but the signal is strongly dependent on the mass loading and subsurface parameters. Specifically designed sensors for such measurements (tiltmeters) are cumbersome to install. Alternatively, broadband seismometers record translational motion and also tilt signals, often at periods of tens to hundreds of seconds. Their horizontal components are thereby the most sensitive to tilt. In this study, we show how to obtain tilt caused by the passing by of debris flows from seismic measurements recorded within tens of meters of the flow and investigate the usefulness of this signal for flow characterization. We investigate the problem on three scales (1) large‐scale laboratory experiments at the U.S. Geological Survey debris‐flow flume, where broadband seismometers and tiltmeters were installed for six
Mathematical modelling is used during disease outbreaks to compare control interventions. Using multiple models, the best method to combine model recommendations is unclear. Existing methods weight model projections, then rank control interventions using the combined projections, presuming model outputs are directly comparable. However, the way each model represents the epidemiological system will vary. We apply electoral vote-processing rules to combine model-generated rankings of interventions. Combining rankings of interventions, instead of combining model projections, avoids assuming that projections are comparable as all comparisons of projections are made within each model. We investigate four rules: First-past-the-post, Alternative Vote (AV), Coombs Method and Borda Count. We investigate rule sensitivity by including models that favour only one action or including those that rank interventions randomly. We investigate two case studies: the 2014 Ebola outbreak in West Africa (37 compartmental models) and a hypothetical foot-and-mouth disease outbreak in UK (four individual-based models). The Coombs Method was least susceptible to adding models that favoured a single action, Borda Count and AV were most susceptible to adding models that ranked interventions randomly. Each rule chose the same intervention as when ranking interventions by mean projections, suggesting that combining rankings provides similar recommendations with fewer assumptions about model comparability.
","language":"English","publisher":"Royal Society Publishing","doi":"10.1098/rsta.2021.0314","usgsCitation":"Probert, W.J., Nicol, S., Ferrari, M.J., Li, S., Shea, K., Tildesley, M.J., and Runge, M.C., 2022, Vote-processing rules for combining control recommendations from multiple models: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, v. 380, no. 2233, 20210314, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2021.0314.","productDescription":"20210314, 20 p.","ipdsId":"IP-142649","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":446776,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2021.0314","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":405458,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"380","issue":"2233","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-08-15","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Probert, William J.M.","contributorId":295477,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Probert","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"J.M.","affiliations":[{"id":25447,"text":"University of Oxford","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":849532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nicol, Sam","contributorId":171610,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nicol","given":"Sam","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":26927,"text":"CSIRO, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":849533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ferrari, Matthew J. 0000-0001-5251-8168","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5251-8168","contributorId":216186,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ferrari","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6738,"text":"The Pennsylvania State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":849534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Li, Shou-Li","contributorId":193644,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Shou-Li","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":849535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shea, Katriona 0000-0002-7607-8248","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7607-8248","contributorId":193646,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shea","given":"Katriona","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":849536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Tildesley, Michael J.","contributorId":126971,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tildesley","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6620,"text":"University of Nottingham, School of Biology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":849537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Runge, Michael C. 0000-0002-8081-536X mrunge@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8081-536X","contributorId":3358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runge","given":"Michael","email":"mrunge@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":849538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70235876,"text":"70235876 - 2022 - Vote-processing rules for combining control recommendations from multiple models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-24T11:38:20.39071","indexId":"70235876","displayToPublicDate":"2022-08-15T06:36:11","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3047,"text":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Vote-processing rules for combining control recommendations from multiple models","docAbstract":"Mathematical modelling is used during disease outbreaks to compare control interventions. Using multiple models, the best method to combine model recommendations is unclear. Existing methods weight model projections, then rank control interventions using the combined projections, presuming model outputs are directly comparable. However, the way each model represents the epidemiological system will vary. We apply electoral vote-processing rules to combine model-generated rankings of interventions. Combining rankings of interventions, instead of combining model projections, avoids assuming that projections are comparable as all comparisons of projections are made within each model. We investigate four rules: First-past-the-post, Alternative Vote (AV), Coombs Method and Borda Count. We investigate rule sensitivity by including models that favour only one action or including those that rank interventions randomly. We investigate two case studies: the 2014 Ebola outbreak in West Africa (37 compartmental models) and a hypothetical foot-and-mouth disease outbreak in UK (four individual-based models). The Coombs Method was least susceptible to adding models that favoured a single action, Borda Count and AV were most susceptible to adding models that ranked interventions randomly. Each rule chose the same intervention as when ranking interventions by mean projections, suggesting that combining rankings provides similar recommendations with fewer assumptions about model comparability.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Royal Society","doi":"10.1098/rsta.2021.0314","usgsCitation":"Probert, W.J., Nicol, S., Ferrari, M.J., Li, S., Shea, K., Tildesley, M.J., and Runge, M.C., 2022, Vote-processing rules for combining control recommendations from multiple models: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, v. 380, no. 2233, 20210314, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2021.0314.","productDescription":"20210314, 20 p.","ipdsId":"IP-136798","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467169,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2021.0314","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":405525,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"380","issue":"2233","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-08-15","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Probert, William JM","contributorId":295493,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Probert","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"JM","affiliations":[{"id":25447,"text":"University of Oxford","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":849595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nicol, Sam","contributorId":171610,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nicol","given":"Sam","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":26927,"text":"CSIRO, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":849596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ferrari, Matthew J. 0000-0001-5251-8168","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5251-8168","contributorId":216186,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ferrari","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6738,"text":"The Pennsylvania State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":849597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Li, Shou-Li","contributorId":193644,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Shou-Li","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":849598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shea, Katriona 0000-0002-7607-8248","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7607-8248","contributorId":193646,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shea","given":"Katriona","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":849599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Tildesley, Michael J.","contributorId":126971,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tildesley","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6620,"text":"University of Nottingham, School of Biology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":849600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Runge, Michael C. 0000-0002-8081-536X mrunge@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8081-536X","contributorId":3358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runge","given":"Michael","email":"mrunge@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":849601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70256678,"text":"70256678 - 2022 - Foraging habitat selection of shrubland bird community in tropical dry forest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-08-30T15:22:16.510924","indexId":"70256678","displayToPublicDate":"2022-08-12T10:14:30","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Foraging habitat selection of shrubland bird community in tropical dry forest","docAbstract":"Habitat loss due to increasing anthropogenic disturbance is the major driver for bird population declines across the globe. Within the Eastern Ghats of India, shrubland bird communities are threatened by shrinking of suitable habitats due to increased anthropogenic disturbance and climate change. The development of an effective habitat management strategy is hampered by the absence of data for this bird community. To address this knowledge gap, we examined foraging sites for 14 shrubland bird species, including three declining species, in three study areas representing the shrubland type of forest community in the Eastern Ghats. We recorded microhabitat features within an 11 m radius of observed foraging points and compared these data with similar data from random plots. We used chi-square to test the association between plant species and bird species for sites where they were observed foraging. We observed significant differences between foraging sites of all the study species and random plots, thus indicating selection for foraging habitat. Using linear discriminant analysis, we found that the microhabitat features important for the bird species were shrub density, vegetational height, vertical foliage stratification, grass height, and percent rock cover. Our results show that diet guild and foraging strata influence the foraging microhabitat selection of a species (e.g., ground-foraging species differed significantly from other species). Except for two species, all focal birds were associated with at least one plant species. The plant-bird association was based on foraging, structural, or behavioral preferences. Several key factors affecting foraging habitat such as shrub density can be actively managed at the local scale. Strategic and selective harvesting of forest products and a spatially and temporally controlled livestock grazing regime may allow regeneration of scrubland and create conditions favorable to birds.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ece3.9192","usgsCitation":"Deshwall, A., Stephenson, S., Panwar, P., DeGregorio, B.A., Kannan, R., and Willson, J., 2022, Foraging habitat selection of shrubland bird community in tropical dry forest: Ecology and Evolution, v. 12, no. 8, e9192, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.9192.","productDescription":"e9192, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-119426","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":486945,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.9192","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":433371,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"India","state":"Andhra Pradesh","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 79.37736382663809,\n 13.491137039228363\n ],\n [\n 78.55592471748383,\n 13.448724063058705\n ],\n [\n 78.57234419763398,\n 13.03288769532432\n ],\n [\n 79.44277297167974,\n 13.149403444594242\n ],\n [\n 79.37736382663809,\n 13.491137039228363\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-08-12","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Deshwall, A.","contributorId":341560,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Deshwall","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12716,"text":"University of Tennessee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":908618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stephenson, S.L.","contributorId":341562,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stephenson","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6623,"text":"University of Arkansas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":908620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Panwar, P.","contributorId":341564,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Panwar","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6623,"text":"University of Arkansas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":908623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"DeGregorio, Brett Alexander 0000-0002-5273-049X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5273-049X","contributorId":243214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeGregorio","given":"Brett","email":"","middleInitial":"Alexander","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":908622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kannan, R.","contributorId":341561,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kannan","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6623,"text":"University of Arkansas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":908619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Willson, J.D.","contributorId":341563,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Willson","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[{"id":6623,"text":"University of Arkansas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":908621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70236729,"text":"70236729 - 2022 - Quantifying large-scale surface change using SAR amplitude images: Crater morphology changes during the 2019-2020 Shishaldin Volcano eruption","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-16T12:22:53.172839","indexId":"70236729","displayToPublicDate":"2022-08-12T07:16:57","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7514,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research - Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying large-scale surface change using SAR amplitude images: Crater morphology changes during the 2019-2020 Shishaldin Volcano eruption","docAbstract":"Morphological processes often induce meter-scale elevation changes. When a volcano erupts, tracking such processes provides insights into the style and evolution of eruptive activity and related hazards. Compared to optical remote-sensing products, synthetic aperture radar (SAR) observes surface change during inclement weather and at night. Differential SAR interferometry estimates phase change between SAR acquisitions and is commonly applied to quantify deformation. However, large deformation or other coherence loss can limit its use. We develop a new approach applicable when repeated digital elevation models (DEMs) cannot be otherwise retrieved. Assuming an isotropic radar cross-section, we estimate meter-scale vertical morphological change directly from SAR amplitude images via an optimization method that utilizes a high-quality DEM. We verify our implementation through simulation of a collapse feature that we modulate onto topography. We simulate radar effects and recover the simulated collapse. To validate our method, we estimate elevation changes from TerraSAR-X stripmap images for the 2011–2012 eruption of Mount Cleveland. Our results reproduce those from two previous studies; one that used the same dataset, and another based on thermal satellite data. By applying this method to the 2019–2020 eruption of Shishaldin Volcano, Alaska, we generate elevation change time series from dozens of co-registered TerraSAR-X high-resolution spotlight images. Our results quantify previously unresolved cone growth in November 2019, collapses associated with explosions in December–January, and further changes in crater elevations into spring 2020. This method can be used to track meter-scale morphology changes for ongoing eruptions with low latency as SAR imagery becomes available.
Latest climate models project conditions for the end of this century that are generally outside of the human experience. These future conditions affect the resilience and sustainability of ecosystems, alter biogeographic zones, and impact biodiversity. Deep-time records of paleoclimate provide insight into the climate system over millions of years and provide examples of conditions very different from the present day, and in some cases similar to model projections for the future. In addition, the deep-time paleoecologic and sedimentologic archives provide insight into how species and habitats responded to past climate conditions. Thus, paleoclimatology provides essential context for the scientific understanding of climate change needed to inform resource management policy decisions. The Pliocene Epoch (5.3–2.6 Ma) is the most recent deep-time interval with relevance to future global warming. Analysis of marine sediments using a combination of paleoecology, biomarkers, and geochemistry indicates a global mean annual temperature for the Late Pliocene (3.6–2.6 Ma) ∼3°C warmer than the preindustrial. However, the inability of state-of-the-art climate models to capture some key regional features of Pliocene warming implies future projections using these same models may not span the full range of plausible future climate conditions. We use the Late Pliocene as one example of a deep-time interval relevant to management of biodiversity and ecosystems in a changing world. Pliocene reconstructed sea surface temperatures are used to drive a marine ecosystem model for the North Atlantic Ocean. Given that boundary conditions for the Late Pliocene are roughly analogous to present day, driving the marine ecosystem model with Late Pliocene paleoenvironmental conditions allows policymakers to consider a future ocean state and associated fisheries impacts independent of climate models, informed directly by paleoclimate information.
","language":"English","publisher":"Frontiers Media","doi":"10.3389/fevo.2022.972179","usgsCitation":"Dowsett, H.J., Jacobs, P., and de Mutsert, K., 2022, Using paleoecological data to inform decision making: A deep-time perspective: Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, v. 10, 972179, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2022.972179.","productDescription":"972179, 8 p.","ipdsId":"IP-141870","costCenters":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":446807,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2022.972179","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":407619,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-08-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dowsett, Harry J. 0000-0003-1983-7524","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1983-7524","contributorId":269579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dowsett","given":"Harry","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":848146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jacobs, Peter","contributorId":248861,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jacobs","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":848147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"de Mutsert, Kim","contributorId":194503,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"de Mutsert","given":"Kim","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":853377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70252444,"text":"70252444 - 2022 - Growth and survival rates of dispersing free embryos and settled larvae of pallid sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus albus) in the Missouri River, Montana and North Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-25T13:52:21.885788","indexId":"70252444","displayToPublicDate":"2022-08-11T08:42:41","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1528,"text":"Environmental Biology of Fishes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Growth and survival rates of dispersing free embryos and settled larvae of pallid sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus albus) in the Missouri River, Montana and North Dakota","title":"Growth and survival rates of dispersing free embryos and settled larvae of pallid sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus albus) in the Missouri River, Montana and North Dakota","docAbstract":"We released nearly 1.0 million 1-day post-hatch (dph) and 5-dph pallid sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus albus) free embryos in the Missouri River on 1 July 2019 and sequentially captured survivors at multiple sites through a 240-km river reach to quantify daily growth and survival rates during the early life stages. Genetic analysis was used to assign captured fish to released family lots and known ages. Growth rate was similar (0.74–0.75 mm day−1) between the 1- and 5-dph age groups during the 3–4-day dispersal period when water temperature averaged 16.8 °C. Daily survival rate was 0.64 during 1–4 dph for the original 1-dph age group and 0.80 during 5–7 dph for the original 5-dph age group. Total survival during free embryo dispersal (hatch to 9 dph) was estimated as 0.0437. The transition from dispersing as free embryos to settling as benthic larvae was verified for fish originally released as 5 dph. Growth of settled larvae was quantified with a Gompertz model through 75 dph (9 September; 112 mm) when water temperature was 18.8–21.0 °C in the rearing areas. Settled larvae had an estimated daily survival rate of 0.96, and estimated total survival during 9–75 dph was 0.0714. This study provides the first empirical survival estimates for pallid sturgeon early life stages in natural settings and is one of few studies reporting similar information for other sturgeon species. Applications of this work extend to pallid sturgeon restoration programs where population models are being developed to predict recruitment potential and population responses to river management alternatives.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10641-022-01294-w","usgsCitation":"Braaten, P., Holm, R., Powell, J.A., Heist, E., Buhman, A.C., Holley, C.T., Delonay, A.J., Haddix, T., Wilson, R., and Jacobson, R., 2022, Growth and survival rates of dispersing free embryos and settled larvae of pallid sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus albus) in the Missouri River, Montana and North Dakota: Environmental Biology of Fishes, v. 105, no. 8, p. 993-1014, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-022-01294-w.","productDescription":"12 p.; Data Release","startPage":"993","endPage":"1014","ipdsId":"IP-135304","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":446810,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-022-01294-w","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435731,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9N2MFV8","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Pallid sturgeon free embryo drift and dispersal experiment data from the Upper Missouri River, Montana and North Dakota, 2019"},{"id":426965,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana, North Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Missouri River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.89968504532749,\n 48.5\n ],\n [\n -106.89968504532749,\n 47.35255729260322\n ],\n [\n -103.54636278007621,\n 47.35255729260322\n ],\n [\n -103.54636278007621,\n 48.5\n ],\n [\n -106.89968504532749,\n 48.5\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"105","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-08-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Braaten, Patrick 0000-0003-3362-420X pbraaten@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3362-420X","contributorId":152682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Braaten","given":"Patrick","email":"pbraaten@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":897178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Holm, R.J.","contributorId":334977,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holm","given":"R.J.","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":897180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Powell, J. A.","contributorId":69916,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Powell","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":897181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Heist, E.J.","contributorId":334978,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Heist","given":"E.J.","affiliations":[{"id":13212,"text":"Southern Illinois University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":897182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Buhman, Amy C.","contributorId":334979,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buhman","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13212,"text":"Southern Illinois University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":897183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Holley, Colt Taylor 0000-0003-4172-4331","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4172-4331","contributorId":272272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holley","given":"Colt","email":"","middleInitial":"Taylor","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":897179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"DeLonay, Aaron J. 0000-0002-3752-2799 adelonay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3752-2799","contributorId":2725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeLonay","given":"Aaron","email":"adelonay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":897184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Haddix, T.M.","contributorId":334982,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Haddix","given":"T.M.","affiliations":[{"id":39047,"text":"Montana Fish, Wildlife, and Parks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":897186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Wilson, R.H.","contributorId":334984,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilson","given":"R.H.","affiliations":[{"id":12428,"text":"U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":897187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Jacobson, R. B. 0000-0002-8368-2064","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8368-2064","contributorId":92614,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacobson","given":"R. B.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":897185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70236791,"text":"70236791 - 2022 - One shell of a problem: Cumulative threat analysis of male sea turtles indicates high anthropogenic threat for migratory individuals and Gulf of Mexico residents","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-08T14:55:58.163785","indexId":"70236791","displayToPublicDate":"2022-08-11T06:58:28","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3250,"text":"Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"One shell of a problem: Cumulative threat analysis of male sea turtles indicates high anthropogenic threat for migratory individuals and Gulf of Mexico residents","docAbstract":"Seagrasses are submerged marine plants that have been declining globally at increasing rates. Natural resource managers rely on monitoring programs to detect and understand changes in these ecosystems. Technological advancements are allowing for the development of patch-level seagrass maps, which can be used to explore seagrass meadow spatial patterns.
Our research questions involved comparing lacunarity, a measure of landscape configuration, for seagrass to assess cross-site differences in areal coverage and spatial patterns through time. We also discussed how lacunarity could help natural resource managers with monitoring program development and restoration decisions and evaluation.
We assessed lacunarity of seagrass meadows for various box sizes (0.0001 ha to 400.4 ha) around Cat Island and Ship Island, Mississippi (USA). For Cat Island, we used seagrass data from 2011 to 2014. For Ship Island, we used seagrass data for seven dates between 1963 and 2014.
Cat Island, which had more continuous seagrass meadows, had lower lacunarity (i.e., denser coverage) compared to Ship Island, which had patchier seagrass beds. For Ship Island, we found a signal of disturbance and path toward recovery from Hurricane Camille in 1969. Finally, we highlighted how lacunarity curves could be used as one of multiple considerations for designing monitoring programs, which are commonly used for seagrass monitoring.
Lacunarity can help quantify spatial pattern dynamics, but more importantly, it can assist with natural resource management by defining fragmentation and potential scales for monitoring. This approach could be applied to other environments, especially other coastal ecosystems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10980-022-01499-5","usgsCitation":"Enwright, N., Darnell, K.M., and Carter, G.A., 2022, Lacunarity as a tool for assessing landscape configuration over time and informing long-term monitoring: An example using seagrass: Landscape Ecology, v. 37, p. 2689-2705, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-022-01499-5.","productDescription":"17 p.; Data Release","startPage":"2689","endPage":"2705","ipdsId":"IP-138701","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":435734,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9QT07CZ","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Seagrass map, Cat Island and Ship Island, Mississippi, 2014"},{"id":405251,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":417831,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9TO5P3R"}],"country":"United States","state":"Mississippi","otherGeospatial":"Cat Island, Ship Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.15748596191406,\n 30.19439868711761\n ],\n [\n -88.85948181152344,\n 30.19439868711761\n ],\n [\n -88.85948181152344,\n 30.261439550638762\n ],\n [\n -89.15748596191406,\n 30.261439550638762\n ],\n [\n -89.15748596191406,\n 30.19439868711761\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"37","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-08-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Enwright, Nicholas 0000-0002-7887-3261","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7887-3261","contributorId":217766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Enwright","given":"Nicholas","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":849155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Darnell, Kelly M.","contributorId":272888,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Darnell","given":"Kelly","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":48626,"text":"The Water Institute of the Gulf, Baton Rouge, LA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":849156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carter, Greg A. 0000-0001-8033-0090","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8033-0090","contributorId":295311,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carter","given":"Greg","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12460,"text":"The University of Southern Mississippi","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":849157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70234395,"text":"70234395 - 2022 - Assembling a safe and effective toolbox for integrated flea control and plague mitigation: Fipronil experiments with prairie dogs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-10T13:38:33.781642","indexId":"70234395","displayToPublicDate":"2022-08-10T08:21:00","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assembling a safe and effective toolbox for integrated flea control and plague mitigation: Fipronil experiments with prairie dogs","docAbstract":"Background
Plague, a widely distributed zoonotic disease of mammalian hosts and flea vectors, poses a significant risk to ecosystems throughout much of Earth. Conservation biologists use insecticides for flea control and plague mitigation. Here, we evaluate the use of an insecticide grain bait, laced with 0.005% fipronil (FIP) by weight, with black-tailed prairie dogs (BTPDs, Cynomys ludovicianus). We consider safety measures, flea control, BTPD body condition, BTPD survival, efficacy of plague mitigation, and the speed of FIP grain application vs. infusing BTPD burrows with insecticide dusts. We also explore conservation implications for endangered black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes), which are specialized predators of Cynomys.
Principal findings
During 5- and 10-day laboratory trials in Colorado, USA, 2016–2017, FIP grain had no detectable acute toxic effect on 20 BTPDs that readily consumed the grain. During field experiments in South Dakota, USA, 2016–2020, FIP grain suppressed fleas on BTPDs for at least 12 months and up to 24 months in many cases; short-term flea control on a few sites was poor for unknown reasons. In an area of South Dakota where plague circulation appeared low or absent, FIP grain had no detectable effect, positive or negative, on BTPD survival. Experimental results suggest FIP grain may have improved BTPD body condition (mass:foot) and reproduction (juveniles:adults). During a 2019 plague epizootic in Colorado, BTPDs on 238 ha habitat were protected by FIP grain, whereas BTPDs were nearly eliminated on non-treated habitat. Applications of FIP grain were 2–4 times faster than dusting BTPD burrows.
Significance
Deltamethrin dust is the most commonly used insecticide for plague mitigation on Cynomys colonies. Fleas on BTPD colonies exhibit the ability to evolve resistance to deltamethrin after repeated annual treatments. Thus, more tools are needed. Accumulating data show orally-delivered FIP is safe and usually effective for flea control with BTPDs, though potential acute toxic effects cannot be ruled out. With continued study and refinement, FIP might be used in rotation with, or even replace deltamethrin, and serve an important role in Cynomys and black-footed ferret conservation. More broadly, our stepwise approach to research on FIP may function as a template or guide for evaluations of insecticides in the context of wildlife conservation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0272419","usgsCitation":"Eads, D.A., Livieri, T., Tretten, T., Hughes, J., Kaczor, N., Halsell, E., Grassel, S.M., Dobesh, P., Childers, E., Lucas, D., Noble, L., Vasquez, M., Grady, A.C., and Biggins, D.E., 2022, Assembling a safe and effective toolbox for integrated flea control and plague mitigation: Fipronil experiments with prairie dogs: PLoS ONE, v. 17, no. 8, e0272419, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0272419.","productDescription":"e0272419, 19 p.","ipdsId":"IP-134213","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":446840,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0272419","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435737,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9QTWGP4","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Data on black-tailed prairie dog body condition, annual and monthly survival, and reproduction on sites treated or not treated with 0.005% fipronil grain for flea control and plague mitigation in South Dakota, USA, 2017-2020"},{"id":405068,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Badlands National Park, Buffalo Gap National Grassland","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -104.05426025390625,\n 43.4220062741493\n ],\n [\n -104.05563354492188,\n 43.000629854450004\n ],\n [\n -103.0023193359375,\n 42.99862111927107\n ],\n [\n -102.996826171875,\n 43.47285413777968\n ],\n [\n -102.85125732421875,\n 43.475843857430895\n ],\n [\n -102.80868530273438,\n 43.48780125691884\n ],\n [\n -102.78945922851562,\n 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waterbirds on juvenile salmonids: A multi predator-prey species evaluation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-08-28T11:25:07.268311","indexId":"70256640","displayToPublicDate":"2022-08-10T06:22:26","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cumulative effects of piscivorous colonial waterbirds on juvenile salmonids: A multi predator-prey species evaluation","docAbstract":"We investigated the cumulative effects of predation by piscivorous colonial waterbirds on the survival of multiple salmonid (Oncorhynchus spp.) populations listed under the U.S. Endangered Species Act (ESA) and determined what proportion of all sources of fish mortality (1 –survival) were due to birds in the Columbia River basin, USA. Anadromous juvenile salmonids (smolts) were exposed to predation by Caspian terns (Hydroprogne caspia), double-crested cormorants (Nannopterum auritum), California gulls (Larus californicus), and ring-billed gulls (L. delawarensis), birds known to consume both live and dead fish. Avian consumption and survival probabilities (proportion of available fish consumed or alive) were estimated for steelhead trout (O. mykiss), yearling Chinook salmon (O. tshawytscha), sub-yearling Chinook salmon, and sockeye salmon (O. nerka) during out-migration from the lower Snake River to the Pacific Ocean during an 11-year study period (2008–2018). Results indicated that probabilities of avian consumption varied greatly across salmonid populations, bird species, colony location, river reach, and year. Cumulative consumption probabilities (consumption by birds from all colonies combined) were consistently the highest for steelhead, with annual estimates ranging from 0.22 (95% credible interval = 0.20–0.26) to 0.51 (0.43–0.60) of available smolts. The cumulative effects of avian consumption were significantly lower for yearling and sub-yearling Chinook salmon, with consumption probabilities ranging annually from 0.04 (0.02–0.07) to 0.10 (0.07–0.15) and from 0.06 (0.3–0.09) to 0.15 (0.10–0.23), respectively. Avian consumption probabilities for sockeye salmon smolts was generally higher than for Chinook salmon smolts, but lower than for steelhead smolts, ranging annually from 0.08 (0.03–0.22) to 0.25 (0.14–0.44). Although annual consumption probabilities for birds from certain colonies were more than 0.20 of available smolts, probabilities from other colonies were less than 0.01 of available smolts, indicating that not all colonies of birds posed a substantial risk to smolt mortality. Consumption probabilities were lowest for small colonies and for colonies located a considerable distance from the Snake and Columbia rivers. Total mortality attributed to avian consumption was relatively small for Chinook salmon (less than 10%) but was the single greatest source of mortality for steelhead (greater than 50%) in all years evaluated. Results suggest that the potential benefits to salmonid populations of managing birds to reduce smolt mortality would vary widely depending on the salmonid population, the species of bird, and the size and location of the breeding colony.
The glossy snake (Arizona elegans) is a polytypic species broadly distributed across southwestern North America. The species occupies habitats ranging from California’s coastal chaparral to the shortgrass prairies of Texas and southeastern Nebraska, to the extensive arid scrublands of central México. Three subspecies are currently recognized in California, one of which is afforded state-level protection based on the extensive loss and modification of its preferred alluvial coastal scrub and inland desert habitat. We report the first genome assembly of A. elegans occidentalis as part of the California Conservation Genomics Project (CCGP). Consistent with the reference genome strategy of the CCGP, we used Pacific Biosciences HiFi long reads and Hi-C chromatin-proximity sequencing technologies to produce a de novo assembled genome. The assembly comprises a total of 140 scaffolds spanning 1,842,602,218 base pairs, has a contig NG50 of 61 Mb, a scaffold NG50 of 136 Mb, and a BUSCO complete score of 95.9%, and is one of the most complete snake genome assemblies. The A. e. occidentalis genome will be a key tool for understanding the genomic diversity and the basis of adaptations within this species and close relatives within the hyperdiverse snake family Colubridae.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1093/jhered/esac040","usgsCitation":"Wood, D.A., Richmond, J.Q., Escalona, M., Marimuthu, M.P., Nguyen, O., Sacco, S., Beraut, E., Westphal, M.F., Fisher, R., Vandergast, A.G., Toffelmier, E., Wang, I., and Shaffer, H., 2022, Reference genome of the California glossy snake, Arizona elegans occidentalis: A declining California Species of Special Concern: Journal of Heredity, v. 113, no. 6, p. 632-640, https://doi.org/10.1093/jhered/esac040.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"632","endPage":"640","ipdsId":"IP-143455","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":446864,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9923794","text":"External Repository"},{"id":409680,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.11935248282103,\n 32.53882373045977\n ],\n [\n -114.50243196034603,\n 32.72786950214554\n ],\n [\n -114.64233250350489,\n 33.1520790618809\n ],\n [\n -114.58470276618635,\n 33.51373515511381\n ],\n [\n -114.41452412993016,\n 34.10031267745222\n ],\n [\n -114.11907829718999,\n 34.32357161601179\n ],\n [\n -114.67741209652053,\n 35.09778131876418\n ],\n [\n -117.76088232794436,\n 37.33676457017539\n ],\n [\n -119.42981485345024,\n 35.62249205151011\n ],\n [\n -121.63638617466606,\n 38.725574279970715\n ],\n [\n -122.54328366670836,\n 38.42830074064648\n ],\n [\n -119.57711374079892,\n 34.87314120906966\n ],\n [\n -118.19555417338168,\n 34.27246184404002\n ],\n [\n -117.90704702548453,\n 33.82510987924552\n ],\n [\n -117.26765483662936,\n 32.80899171054767\n ],\n [\n -116.97534971889436,\n 32.510621812966775\n ],\n [\n -117.11935248282103,\n 32.53882373045977\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"113","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-08-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, Dustin A. 0000-0002-7668-9911 dawood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7668-9911","contributorId":4179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Dustin","email":"dawood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":857588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Richmond, Jonathan Q. 0000-0001-9398-4894 jrichmond@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9398-4894","contributorId":5400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richmond","given":"Jonathan","email":"jrichmond@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Q.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":857589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Escalona, Merly","contributorId":299346,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Escalona","given":"Merly","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6949,"text":"University of California, Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":857590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Marimuthu, Mohan P. 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Bradley","contributorId":247762,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shaffer","given":"H. Bradley","affiliations":[{"id":12763,"text":"University of California, Los Angeles","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":857600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70236949,"text":"70236949 - 2022 - Multi-decadal simulation of marsh topography evolution under sea level rise and episodic sediment loads","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-22T11:45:10.036468","indexId":"70236949","displayToPublicDate":"2022-08-08T06:42:58","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5739,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface","onlineIssn":"2169-9011","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multi-decadal simulation of marsh topography evolution under sea level rise and episodic sediment loads","docAbstract":"Coastal marsh within Mediterranean climate zones is exposed to episodic watershed runoff and sediment loads that occur during storm events. Simulating future marsh accretion under sea level rise calls for attention to: (a) physical processes acting over the time scale of storm events and (b) biophysical processes acting over time scales longer than storm events. Using the upper Newport Bay in Southern California as a case study, we examine the influence of event-scale processes on simulated change in marsh topography by comparing: (a) a biophysical model that integrates with an annual time step and neglects event-scale processes (BP-Annual), (b) a physical model that resolves event-scale processes but neglects biophysical interactions (P-Event), and (c) a biophysical model that resolves event-scale physical processes and biophysical processes at annual and longer time scales (BP-Event). A calibrated BP-Event model shows that large (>20-year return period) episodic storm events are major drivers of marsh accretion, depositing up to 30 cm of sediment in one event. Greater deposition is predicted near fluvial sources and tidal channels and less on marshes further from fluvial sources and tidal channels. In contrast, the BP-Annual model poorly resolves spatial structure in marsh accretion as a consequence of neglecting event-scale processes. Furthermore, the P-Event model significantly overestimates marsh accretion as a consequence of neglecting marsh surface compaction driven by annual scale biophysical processes. Differences between BP-Event and BP-Annual models translate up to 20 cm per century in marsh surface elevation.
The Landsat program has a long history of providing remotely sensed data to the user community. This history is being extended with the addition of the Landsat 9 satellite, which closely mimics the Landsat 8 satellite and its instruments. These satellites contain two instruments, the Operational Land Imager (OLI) and the Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS). OLI is a push-broom sensor that collects visible and near-infrared (VNIR) and short-wave infrared (SWIR) wavelengths at 30 m ground sample distance, along with a panchromatic 15 m band. The TIRS sensor contains two long-wave thermal spectral channels centered at 10.9 and 12 µm. The data from these two instruments, on both satellites, are combined into a single Landsat product. The Landsat 5–9 satellites follow a 16 day repeat cycle designated as the Worldwide Reference System (WRS-2), which provides a global notional gridded mapping for identifying individual Landsat scenes. The Landsat 8 and 9 satellites are flown such that their orbital tracks are separated by 8 days in this 16 day cycle. During the commissioning period of Landsat 9, and during its ascent to its operational WRS-2 orbit, the Landsat 9 satellite’s orbital track went under and crossed over the orbital track of the Landsat 8 satellite. This produced a unique situation where nearly time-coincident imagery could be obtained from the instruments of the two spacecrafts. From a radiometric standpoint, this allowed for near-time cross-calibration between the instruments to be performed. From a geometry perspective, calibration is achieved through high-resolution reference imagery over specific ground locations, thus ensuring calibration of the instruments and for the instruments to be well cross-calibrated geometrically. Although these underfly data do not provide calibration of the instruments between the platforms from a geometric perspective, they allow for the verification of the calibration steps involving the instruments and spacecraft. This paper discusses the co-registration of this unique set of data while also discussing other geometric aspects of these data by looking at and comparing the differences in sensor viewing and sun angles associated with the collections from the two platforms for imagery obtained over common geographic locations. The image-to-image comparisons between Landsat 8 and 9 coincident pairs, where both datasets are precision terrain products, are registered to within 2.2 m with respect to their root-mean-squared radial error (RMSEr). The 2.2 m represents less than 0.1 of a 30 m multispectral pixel in misregistration between the L9 and L8 underfly products that will be available to the user community. This unique dataset will provide well-registered, near-coincident image acquisitions between the two platforms that can be a key to any calibration or application comparisons. The paper also presents that, for images for which one of the image pairs failed precision corrections and became a terrain-corrected only product type, a range of 8–14 m RMSEr could be expected in co-registration, while, in cases where both image pairs failed the precision correction step and both images became a terrain-corrected only product type, a 14 m RMSEr could be expected for co-registration.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/rs14153781","usgsCitation":"Choate, M.J., Rengarajan, R., Storey, J., and Lubke, M., 2022, Landsat 9 geometric characteristics using underfly data: Remote Sensing, v. 14, no. 15, 3781, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14153781.","productDescription":"3781, 18 p.","ipdsId":"IP-141262","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":446884,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14153781","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":406670,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"15","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-08-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Choate, Michael J. 0000-0002-8101-4994","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8101-4994","contributorId":216866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Choate","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":851559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rengarajan, Rajagopalan 0000-0003-1860-7110","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1860-7110","contributorId":242014,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rengarajan","given":"Rajagopalan","affiliations":[{"id":48475,"text":"KBR, Contractor to USGS EROS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":851560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Storey, James C. 0000-0002-6664-7232","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6664-7232","contributorId":242015,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Storey","given":"James C.","affiliations":[{"id":48475,"text":"KBR, Contractor to USGS EROS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":851561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lubke, Mark 0000-0002-7257-2337","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7257-2337","contributorId":261911,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lubke","given":"Mark","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":53079,"text":"KBR, contractor to U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":851562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70234564,"text":"70234564 - 2022 - Soil carbon consequences of historic hydrologic impairment and recent restoration in coastal wetlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-12T12:20:13.874057","indexId":"70234564","displayToPublicDate":"2022-08-06T08:20:00","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Soil carbon consequences of historic hydrologic impairment and recent restoration in coastal wetlands","docAbstract":"Coastal wetlands provide key ecosystem services, including substantial long-term storage of atmospheric CO2 in soil organic carbon pools. This accumulation of soil organic matter is a vital component of elevation gain in coastal wetlands responding to sea-level rise. Anthropogenic activities that alter coastal wetland function through disruption of tidal exchange and wetland water levels are ubiquitous. This study assesses soil vertical accretion and organic carbon accretion across five coastal wetlands that experienced over a century of impounded hydrology, followed by restoration of tidal exchange 5 to 14 years prior to sampling. Nearby marshes that never experienced tidal impoundment served as controls with natural hydrology to assess the impact of impoundment and restoration. Dated soil cores indicate that elevation gain and carbon storage were suppressed 30–70 % during impoundment, accounting for the majority of elevation deficit between impacted and natural sites. Only one site had substantial subsidence, likely due to oxidation of soil organic matter. Vertical and carbon accretion gains were achieved at all restored sites, with carbon burial increasing from 96 ± 33 to 197 ± 64 g C m−2 y−1. The site with subsidence was able to accrete at double the rate (13 ± 5.6 mm y−1) of the natural complement, due predominantly to organic matter accumulation rather than mineral deposition, indicating these ecosystems are capable of large dynamic responses to restoration when conditions are optimized for vegetation growth. Hydrologic restoration enhanced elevation resilience and climate benefits of these coastal wetlands.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157682","usgsCitation":"Eagle, M.J., Kroeger, K.D., Spivak, A.C., Wang, F., Tang, J., Abdul-Aziz, O.I., Ishtiaq, K.S., O’Keefe Suttles, J.A., and Mann, A.G., 2022, Soil carbon consequences of historic hydrologic impairment and recent restoration in coastal wetlands: Science of the Total Environment, v. 848, 157682, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157682.","productDescription":"157682, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-140249","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":446890,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157682","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":405111,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Cape Cod","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.56655883789062,\n 41.693424216151314\n ],\n [\n -69.96231079101562,\n 41.693424216151314\n ],\n [\n -69.96231079101562,\n 41.87262868373214\n ],\n [\n -70.56655883789062,\n 41.87262868373214\n ],\n [\n -70.56655883789062,\n 41.693424216151314\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"848","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eagle, Meagan J. 0000-0001-5072-2755 meagle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5072-2755","contributorId":242890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eagle","given":"Meagan","email":"meagle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":848842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kroeger, Kevin D. 0000-0002-4272-2349 kkroeger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4272-2349","contributorId":1603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kroeger","given":"Kevin","email":"kkroeger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":41100,"text":"Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":848843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Spivak, Amanda C.","contributorId":191376,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Spivak","given":"Amanda","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":848844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wang, Faming","contributorId":216959,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Faming","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39553,"text":"The Ecosystems Center, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":848845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tang, Jianwu","contributorId":174890,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tang","given":"Jianwu","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27818,"text":"The Ecosystems Center, Marine Biological Laboratory. Woods Hole, MA 02543.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":848846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Abdul-Aziz, Omar I.","contributorId":192386,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Abdul-Aziz","given":"Omar","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":848847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ishtiaq, Khandker S.","contributorId":211669,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ishtiaq","given":"Khandker","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":38311,"text":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, West Virginia University, PO Box 6103, Morgantown, WV 26506","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":848848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"O’Keefe Suttles, Jennifer A. 0000-0003-2345-5633","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2345-5633","contributorId":202609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Keefe Suttles","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":848849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Mann, Adrian G. 0000-0003-1689-8524 adriangreen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1689-8524","contributorId":4328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mann","given":"Adrian","email":"adriangreen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":848850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70236944,"text":"70236944 - 2022 - Recent declines in genetic diversity with limited dispersal among coastal cactus wren populations in San Diego County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-22T11:57:20.09399","indexId":"70236944","displayToPublicDate":"2022-08-06T06:55:38","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5803,"text":"Conservation Science and Practice","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Recent declines in genetic diversity with limited dispersal among coastal cactus wren populations in San Diego County, California","docAbstract":"Habitat loss and fragmentation can lead to smaller and more isolated populations and reduce genetic diversity and evolutionary potential. Conservation programs can benefit from including monitoring of genetic factors in fragmented populations to help inform restoration and management. We assessed genetic diversity and structure among four major populations of the Cactus Wren (Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus) in San Diego County in 2011–2012 and again in 2017–2019, using 22 microsatellite loci. We found a significant decline in heterozygosity in one population (San Pasqual) and a decline in allelic richness and effective population size in another (Sweetwater). Genetic diversity in the remaining two populations was not significantly different over time. Local diversity declined despite evidence of dispersal among some populations. Approximately 12% of genetically determined family groups (parents, offspring, siblings) included one or more members sampled in different territories with distances ranging from 0.2 to 10 km. All but one inferred dispersal events occurred within the same genetic population. Population structure remained relatively stable, although genetic differentiation tended to increase in the later sampling period. Simulations suggest that at currently estimated effective sizes, populations of Cactus Wrens will continue to lose genetic diversity for many generations, even if gene flow among them is enhanced. However, the rate of loss of heterozygosity could be reduced with increased gene flow. Habitat restoration may help bolster local population sizes and allelic richness over the long term, whereas translocation efforts from source populations outside of San Diego may be needed to restore genetic diversity in the short term.
Rangelands have a dynamic response to climate change, fire, and other anthropogenic disturbances. The Rangeland Condition, Monitoring, Assessment, and Projection (RCMAP) product aims to capture this response by quantifying the percent cover of eight rangeland components, associated error, and trends across the western United States using Landsat from 1985 to 2020. The current generation of RCMAP has been improved with more training data, regional-scale Landsat composites, and more robust change detection. We assess the temporal patterns in each component with a linear model and a structural change method that determines break points using an 8-year temporal moving window. The linear and structural change methods generally agreed on patterns of change, but the latter found breaks more often, with at least one break point in most pixels. The structural change model provides more robust statistics on the significant minority of pixels with non-monotonic trends, while detrending some interannual signal potentially superfluous from a long-term perspective. Although break point density within one year of fire and vegetation treatments was ~10× and ~4× that of unburned areas, respectively, break point detection in the correct year of fire was only moderately accurate. Climate responses in break points proved more robust, with strong spatiotemporal relation in break point density with both aridity index values and aridity index change. Break point density strongly responds to both increased and decreased aridity and is reflective of ecosystem resilience. Data provide spatiotemporal information on the occurrence of breaks, but even more importantly, attribute those change events to specific component(s).
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/15481603.2022.2104786","usgsCitation":"Shi, H., Rigge, M.B., Postma, K., and Bunde, B., 2022, Trends analysis of Rangeland Condition Monitoring Assessment and Projection (RCMAP) fractional component time series (1985–2020): GIScience & Remote Sensing, v. 59, no. 1, p. 1243-1265, https://doi.org/10.1080/15481603.2022.2104786.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"1243","endPage":"1265","ipdsId":"IP-135462","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":446897,"rank":4,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15481603.2022.2104786","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":424623,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9SJXUI1","text":"USGS data release","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"linkHelpText":"Rangeland Condition Monitoring Assessment 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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":847707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Postma, Kory 0000-0001-8058-498X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8058-498X","contributorId":293879,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Postma","given":"Kory","affiliations":[{"id":63548,"text":"KBRwyle, under contract to USGS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":847708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bunde, Brett 0000-0003-0228-779X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0228-779X","contributorId":288364,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bunde","given":"Brett","affiliations":[{"id":61731,"text":"KBR","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":847709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70241421,"text":"70241421 - 2022 - Development, structure, and behavior of a perched lava channel at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawaiʻi, during 2007","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-17T11:46:20.523725","indexId":"70241421","displayToPublicDate":"2022-08-05T06:43:29","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Development, structure, and behavior of a perched lava channel at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawaiʻi, during 2007","docAbstract":"Channelized lava flows are commonly produced during the early stages of basaltic eruptions. These channels usually maintain their morphology until the eruption ends or discharge is diverted. In some instances, narrower channels can roof over, developing into lava tubes. We report here on a channelized flow erupted at Kīlauea volcano in 2007 that evolved into a “perched lava channel” composed of a string of interconnected, elongate lava pools, forming a lava channel/lava pool hybrid. The lava channel, which had a time-averaged discharge rate of ~3–9 m3/s, initially fed a series of flow branches that exhibited cooling-limited and volume-limited controls on flow length, sometimes with each process controlling a different morphological aspect of a single flow branch. The perched lava channel grew vertically primarily by overplating of the channel levees from frequent overflows, forming a compound flow field. This vertical growth only occurred when the distal end of the channel was blocked. When levee failure at the distal end of the channel caused the lava level in the channel to drop below the levee rim, no vertical growth occurred. Seeps of spiny lava and slabby pāhoehoe were common, erupting from uplift scarps on the channel levees, apparently fed by sills from denser, relatively crystal-rich material filling the bottom of the channel. We infer that lava in the channel was stratified in vesicularity and velocity, with foamy, vesicular, faster-moving lava at the top of the lava stream and denser, relatively outgassed, slower-moving lava filling the bottom of the channel. The channel levees were unstable, failing on several occasions, perhaps triggered by the levee seeps. The appearance of seeps, therefore, is one way of assessing the collapse potential of similar perched lava structures.
As marine ecosystems respond to climate change and other stressors, it is necessary to evaluate current and past hybridization events to gain insight on the outcomes and drivers of such events. Ancestral introgression within the gadids has been suggested to allow cod to inhabit a variety of habitats. Little attention has been given to contemporary hybridization, especially within cold-water-adapted cod (Boreogadus saida Lepechin, 1774 and Arctogadus glacialis Peters, 1872). We used whole-genome, restriction-site associated, and mitochondrial sequence data to explore the degree and direction of hybridization between these species where previous hybridization had not been reported. Although nearly identical morphologically at certain life stages, we detected very distinct nuclear and mitochondrial lineages. We detected one potential hybrid with a Arctogadus mitochondrial haplotype and Boreogadus nuclear genotype, but no early generational hybrids. The presence of a late generation hybrid suggests that at least some hybrids survive to maturity and reproduce. However, a historical introgression event could not be excluded. Contemporary gene flow appears asymmetrical from Arctogadus into Boreogadus, which may be due to overlap in timing of spawning, environmental heterogeneity, or differences in population size. This study provides important baseline information for the degree of potential hybridization between these species within Alaska marine environments.
","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/as-2021-0030","usgsCitation":"Wilson, R.E., Sonsthagen, S.A., Lavretsky, P., Majewski, A., Arnason, E., Halldorsdottir, K., Einarsson, A., Wedemeyr, K., and Talbot, S.L., 2022, Low levels of hybridization between sympatric cold-water-adapted Arctic cod and Polar cod in the Beaufort Sea confirm genetic distinctiveness: Arctic Science, v. 8, no. 4, p. 1082-1093, https://doi.org/10.1139/as-2021-0030.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1082","endPage":"1093","ipdsId":"IP-130423","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":446914,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1139/as-2021-0030","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":433449,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","otherGeospatial":"Beaufort Sea, Chukchi Sea","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -174.72007918044827,\n 75.06986491260304\n ],\n [\n -174.76506022895288,\n 69.14800723197729\n ],\n [\n -166.15259714556063,\n 69.52600683358969\n ],\n [\n -156.95456159243057,\n 71.39604084905038\n ],\n [\n -136.81825817727585,\n 69.54036567664357\n ],\n [\n -129.58194373827234,\n 70.33510131179872\n ],\n [\n -126.37318701117965,\n 74.99060622515827\n ],\n [\n -174.72007918044827,\n 75.06986491260304\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"8","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-02-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, Robert E.","contributorId":293234,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilson","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":63255,"text":"Nebraska State Museum","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":908846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sonsthagen, Sarah A. 0000-0001-6215-5874 ssonsthagen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6215-5874","contributorId":3711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sonsthagen","given":"Sarah","email":"ssonsthagen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":908847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lavretsky, P.","contributorId":341733,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lavretsky","given":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":36422,"text":"University of Texas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":908848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Majewski, A.","contributorId":341734,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Majewski","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13677,"text":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":908849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Arnason, E.","contributorId":341736,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arnason","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36649,"text":"University of Iceland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":908850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Halldorsdottir, K.","contributorId":341738,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Halldorsdottir","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36649,"text":"University of Iceland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":908851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Einarsson, A.W.","contributorId":341742,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Einarsson","given":"A.W.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36649,"text":"University of Iceland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":908852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Wedemeyr, K.","contributorId":341745,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wedemeyr","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":20318,"text":"Bureau of Ocean Energy Management","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":908853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Talbot, Sandra L. 0000-0002-3312-7214 stalbot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3312-7214","contributorId":140512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talbot","given":"Sandra","email":"stalbot@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":908854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70234229,"text":"70234229 - 2022 - A comprehensive assessment of mangrove species and carbon stock on Pohnpei, Micronesia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-14T17:00:52.620563","indexId":"70234229","displayToPublicDate":"2022-08-04T09:07:39","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A comprehensive assessment of mangrove species and carbon stock on Pohnpei, Micronesia","docAbstract":"Mangrove forests are the most important ecosystems on Pohnpei Island, Federated States of Micronesia, as the island communities of the central Pacific rely on the forests for many essential services including protection from sea-level rise that is occurring at a greater pace than the global average. As part of a multi-component assessment to evaluate vulnerabilities of mangrove forests on Pohnpei, mangrove forests were mapped at two points in time: 1983 and 2018. In 2018, the island had 6,426 ha of mangrove forest. Change analysis indicated a slight (0.76%) increase of mangrove area between 1983 and 2018, contrasting with global mangrove area declines. Forest structure and aboveground carbon (AGC) stocks were inventoried using a systematic sampling of field survey plots and extrapolated to the island using k-nearest neighbor and random forest species models. A gridded or wall to wall approach is suggested when possible for defining carbon stocks of a large area due to high variability seen in our data. The k-nearest neighbor model performed better than random forest models to map species dominance in these forests. Mean AGC was 167 ± 11 MgC ha-1, which is greater than the global average of mangroves (115 ± 7 MgC ha-1) but within their global range (37–255 MgC ha-1) Kauffman et al. (2020). In 2018, Pohnpei mangroves contained over 1.07 million MgC in AGC pools. By assigning the mean AGC stock per species per area to the map, carbon stock distributions were visualized spatially, allowing future conservation efforts to be directed to carbon dense stands.
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