{"pageNumber":"391","pageRowStart":"9750","pageSize":"25","recordCount":16437,"records":[{"id":70038381,"text":"70038381 - 1997 - Pesticides in ground water: distribution, trends, and governing factors","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-25T13:43:40","indexId":"70038381","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T15:36:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"subseriesTitle":"Pesticides in the hydrologic system","title":"Pesticides in ground water: distribution, trends, and governing factors","docAbstract":"<p>A comprehensive review of published information on the distribution and behavior of pesticides and their transformation products in ground water indicates that pesticides from every chemical class have been detected in ground waters of the United States. Many of these compounds are commonly present at low concentrations in ground water beneath agricultural land. Little information is available on their occurrence beneath non-agricultural land, although the intensity of their use in such areas (on lawns, golf courses, rights of way, timberlands, etc.) is often comparable to, or greater than agricultural use. Information on pesticides in ground water is not sufficient to provide either a statistically representative view of pesticide occurrence in ground water across the United States, or an indication of long-term trends or changes in the severity or extent of this contamination over the past three decades. This is largely due to wide variations in analytical detection limits, well selection procedures, and other design features among studies conducted in different areas or at different times. Past approaches have not been well suited for distinguishing \"point source\" from \"nonpoint source\" pesticide contamination. Among the variety of natural and anthropogenic factors examined, those that appear to be most strongly associated with the intensity of pesticide contamination of ground water are the depth, construction and age of the sampled wells, the amount of recharge (by precipitation or irrigation), and the depth of tillage. Approaches commonly employed for predicting pesticide distributions in the subsurface--including computer simulations, indicator solutes (e.g., nitrate or tritium), and ground-water vulnerability assessments--generally provide unreliable predictions of pesticide occurrence in ground water. Such difficulties may arise largely from a general failure to account for the preferential transport of pesticides in the subsurface. Significant improvements in understanding and predicting the occurrence and fate of pesticides in ground water are likely to depend on: (1) greater coordination of ground-water sampling across the nation to ensure consistency of study design, and thus comparability of results; (2) more extensive analyses for pesticide transformation products during ground-water monitoring studies; (3) substantially enhanced communication among investigators conducting laboratory experiments, small-scale field studies and large-scale monitoring studies; and (4) more routine testing of predictions of pesticide behavior and ground-water vulnerability against actual field observations of pesticide occurrence in ground water</p>","language":"English","publisher":"CRC Press","usgsCitation":"Barbash, J., and Resek, E.A., 1997, Pesticides in ground water: distribution, trends, and governing factors, v. 2, 616 p.","productDescription":"616 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":256887,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7755e4b0c8380cd78484","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barbash, Jack","contributorId":10268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barbash","given":"Jack","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Resek, Elizabeth A.","contributorId":34948,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Resek","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5223311,"text":"5223311 - 1997 - Early vegetational changes on a forested wetland constructed for mitigation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:37","indexId":"5223311","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:17:42","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3749,"text":"Wetland Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Early vegetational changes on a forested wetland constructed for mitigation","docAbstract":"Changes in vegetation were studied on 15 acres of a 35 acre forested wetland created as a mitigation site in Anne Arundel County, Maryland during 1994-96.  Meter-square sampling on four different hydrologic elevations determined that grasses initially dominated the area, but decreased from 59 percent in 1994 to 51 percent in 1995 and 30 percent in 1996.  Herbaceous non-grass plants (forbs) increased from 19 percent to 56 percent in the three-year period.  Area with no plant cover decreased from 21 percent in 1994 to 11 percent in 1995, and 10 percent in 1996.  Woody plants comprised 2 percent of the cover in 1994, increased to 4 percent in 1995, and remained at 4 percent in 1996.  The increase of woody plants was mainly from natural regeneration (pioneer) plants.  Monitoring of the transplanted trees and shrubs indicated 35 percent mortality and little growth of surviving plants.  The pioneer woody plant forming most of the cover was black willow (Salix nigra).  Differences in the vegetation were observed among the four elevations, although no differences were observed for the major vegetation classes between plots that were planted and those that were not planted with woody plants.  Dominant grass species was redtop (Agrostis stolonifera), which comprised 51 percent of the cover in 1994 and 42 percent cover in 1995 and 23 percent in 1996.  Other species that were common were bush clover (Lespedeza cuneata), Japanese clover (Lespedeza striata) and flat pea (Lathyrus sylvestris).  All four of these dominant species were part of the original seed mixtures that were seeded on the site.  A total of 134 species of plants was recorded on the site indicating a fairly diverse community for a newly established habitat.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wetland Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Perry, M., Osenton, P., and Sibrel, C., 1997, Early vegetational changes on a forested wetland constructed for mitigation: Wetland Journal, v. 9, no. 2, p. 17-20.","productDescription":"17-20","startPage":"17","endPage":"20","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200202,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49a4e4b07f02db5c076e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Perry, Matthew C. 0000-0001-6452-9534","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6452-9534","contributorId":16372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"Matthew C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Osenton, P.C.","contributorId":20441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Osenton","given":"P.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sibrel, C.B.","contributorId":47490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sibrel","given":"C.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5210877,"text":"5210877 - 1997 - Optimal management strategies for biodiversity within a powerline right-of-way","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:24","indexId":"5210877","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:18","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Optimal management strategies for biodiversity within a powerline right-of-way","docAbstract":"Management techniques used to control vegetation along a new 8.5 km- (5.3 mile) long powerline right-of-way located at Patuxent Research Refuge are being evaluated to identify changes in habitat that affect wildlife.  Techniques include: complete mow, strip mow, low volume foliar spray, selective basal spray, and tree topping.  One hundred and one bird species were recorded during line transect sampling along the right-of-way.  The eastern towhee had the highest frequency of occurrence followed by the field sparrow and the common yellowthroat.  The field sparrow had the highest numbers per visit followed by the eastern towhee and eastern bluebird.  Fifteen species were recorded in numbers greater than ten individuals per visit in at least one season of the year.   Nine species of mammals were trapped in live traps during the study and four other mammal species were observed but not captured.  Twelve species of amphibians and six species of reptiles were trapped in pitfall or funnel traps.  Differences in the distribution of species seemed to be related to the physical and hydrological features of the right-of-way.  Although no major differences in the distribution of wildlife species resulted from the vegetation management, differences are expected in the future as vegetation differences become more pronounced.  Data from this study will be of value to resource managers attempting to provide optimal habitat for biodiversity.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Sixth International Symposium on Environmental Concerns in Right-of-Way Management: 24-26 February 1997, New Orleans, Louisiana","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Science","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","collaboration":"  PDF on file: 5134_Perry.pdf","usgsCitation":"Perry, M., Osenton, P., Fallon, F., and Fallon, J., 1997, Optimal management strategies for biodiversity within a powerline right-of-way, chap. <i>of</i> Sixth International Symposium on Environmental Concerns in Right-of-Way Management: 24-26 February 1997, New Orleans, Louisiana, p. 133-139.","productDescription":"x, 511","startPage":"133","endPage":"139","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203174,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0de4b07f02db5fcfce","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Williams, James R.=","contributorId":112619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"R.=","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":507259,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goodrich-Mahoney, John W.","contributorId":111383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goodrich-Mahoney","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":507257,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wisniewski, Jan R.","contributorId":112342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wisniewski","given":"Jan","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":507258,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wisniewski, Joe","contributorId":113589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wisniewski","given":"Joe","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":507260,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4}],"authors":[{"text":"Perry, Matthew C. 0000-0001-6452-9534","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6452-9534","contributorId":16372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"Matthew C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":329438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Osenton, P.C.","contributorId":20441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Osenton","given":"P.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":329439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fallon, F.W.","contributorId":80794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fallon","given":"F.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":329441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fallon, J.E.","contributorId":50629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fallon","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":329440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":5210852,"text":"5210852 - 1997 - Development of an IBI-based assessment of depressional wetlands in Maryland and Delaware","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:33","indexId":"5210852","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:18","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Development of an IBI-based assessment of depressional wetlands in Maryland and Delaware","docAbstract":"The hydrogeomorphic approach (HGM) of wetland assessment emphasizes functional components of wetlands such as water storage, transformation and cycling of elements, accumulation of sediments, and preservation of habitats.  Many of the elements measured in HGM are physical rather than ecological or biological. The HGM approach, therefore, provides information on certain aspects of wetlands and omits other aspects.  In contrast, the Index of Biological Integrity (IBI) approach focuses on biological components of wetlands such as species richness, the presence or proportion of certain 'indicator' species, representation of different trophic levels, and measures of wildlife or fish health.  Here too, some aspects of a wetland are omitted and others not covered by HGM are included.  We contend that these differences in focus add strengths and weaknesses to each method.     This paper reviews progress on the development of IBIs for restored depressional wetlands in the Mid-Atlantic States, especially Maryland and Delaware.  During our first field season we identified 25 wetlands ranging from 1-10 acres, most of which were restored with federal, state, and private landowner cooperation over hydric soils.  Separate IBIs are being created for macrophytes, macroinvertebrates, amphibians, and data on mammal and avian populations are being collected.  Simultaneously, chemical and physical data are being collected on water  DO, turbidity, temperature, conductivity, nitrates, ammonia, chlorophyll, pH; soil metal levels and texture; and wetland size, configuration, hydrology, drainage area, and surrounding land use. ","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The Future of Wetland Assessment: Applying science through the hydrogeomorphic assessment approach and other approaches.  Abstracts of a meeting held March 10-13, 1997, Parole, Maryland.","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Association of State Wetland Managers and Institute for Wetland Science and Public Policy.","usgsCitation":"Sparling, D.W., Keller, M., Lowe, T., Perry, M., Teels, B., Brown, L., Mazanti, L., and Melvin, N., 1997, Development of an IBI-based assessment of depressional wetlands in Maryland and Delaware, chap. <i>of</i> The Future of Wetland Assessment: Applying science through the hydrogeomorphic assessment approach and other approaches.  Abstracts of a meeting held March 10-13, 1997, Parole, Maryland., p. 88-89.","startPage":"88","endPage":"89","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202231,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9be4b07f02db65e267","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sparling, D. W.","contributorId":78675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sparling","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":329387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Keller, Michael","contributorId":42681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keller","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":329384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lowe, T. P.","contributorId":26028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowe","given":"T. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":329383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Perry, M.","contributorId":12159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":329382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Teels, B.","contributorId":79991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Teels","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":329388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brown, L. 0000-0001-6702-4531","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6702-4531","contributorId":56995,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":329386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Mazanti, L.","contributorId":88066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mazanti","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":329389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Melvin, N.","contributorId":42682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Melvin","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":329385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":69991,"text":"pp1421C - 1997 - Hydrogeology and ground-water flow in the Edwards-Trinity aquifer-system, west-central, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-31T17:03:35","indexId":"pp1421C","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1421","chapter":"C","title":"Hydrogeology and ground-water flow in the Edwards-Trinity aquifer-system, west-central, Texas","docAbstract":"<p>Two finite-element ground-water flow models were developed for the Edwards&ndash;Trinity aquifer system, west-central Texas, to gain a better understanding of the flow system; one ground-water flow model was developed at a large scale to simulate the regional system and contiguous, hydraulically connected units, and one model was constructed at a smaller more detailed scale to simulate the most active areas of the system. The study area is divided into four geographic subareas: the Trans-Pecos (9,750 square miles), the Edwards Plateau (23,750 square miles), the Hill Country (5,500 square miles), and the Balcones fault zone (3,000 square miles). The major aquifers within the study area are the Edwards&ndash;Trinity aquifer underlying the Trans-Pecos and Edwards Plateau, the Trinity aquifer underlying the Hill Country, and the Edwards aquifer in the Balcones fault zone. Hydraulically connected aquifers include the High Plains aquifer north of the Edwards Plateau, and the Cenozoic Pecos alluvium aquifer adjacent to both the Trans-Pecos and the Edwards Plateau along the Pecos River. Minor contiguous aquifers include the Dockum, Ellenburger&ndash; San Saba, Marble Falls, Hickory, and Lipan, which is adjacent to the Colorado River in Tom Green and Concho Counties, Texas.</p>\n<p>The ground-water flow equations solved by the finite-element method are based on conservation of mass and energy. The equation for ground-water flow assumes laminar flow through a porous media. In places, the Edwards&ndash;Trinity aquifer system is a fractured karst system in which ground water flows through caverns and other features of secondary porosity development. The regional and subregional models were constructed to synthesize the known hydrologic boundaries and geologic structures into a heterogeneous continuum model of the karst ground-water flow system, rather than simulate the flow through specific fractures and caverns. A heterogeneous continuum or equivalent porous media approach uses an effective transmissivity and anisotropy for each element of the models. The models are calibrated both on water levels (representing potential energy) and estimates of recharge and discharge (for a realistic mass balance).</p>\n<p>A two-dimensional one-layer large-scale model (55,600 square miles) was developed for the Edwards&ndash;Trinity aquifer system and contiguous, hydraulically connected units, in westcentral Texas. A quasi-three-dimensional, multilayer more detailed scale ground-water flow model (12,300 square miles) was applied to the major aquifers of the Edwards&ndash;Trinity aquifer system in the Hill Country and the Balcones fault zone, and in part of the Edwards Plateau.</p>\n<p>The ground-water flow system in most of the study area within the Trans-Pecos and Edwards Plateau can be approximated with a one-layer regional model under steady-state conditions. Regionally, the Edwards&ndash;Trinity aquifer system in the Trans-Pecos and Edwards Plateau has been relatively static. Potentiometric maps from predevelopment and postdevelopment (winter 1974&ndash;75) indicate small differences in water levels. In local areas in the Trans-Pecos (in Pecos and Reeves Counties), ground-water withdrawals have exceeded recharge resulting in more than 300 feet of drawdown. Measurable differences between the 1974 and predevelopment potentiometric surfaces have been observed in small areas in the Trans-Pecos and in the northwestern part of the Edwards Plateau. The largest water-level declines in the Trans-Pecos have been observed in Pecos and Reeves Counties, and declines greater than 300 feet have been measured in Reeves County.</p>\n<p>Comparison of pre- and postdevelopment water budgets for the regional model indicates that the increase in groundwater withdrawals has captured 20 percent of the water that would have naturally discharged to streams, and 30 percent of the natural discharge to springs after ground-water development. Induced recharge from streams to the ground-water system increased by 12 percent in the postdevelopment simulation compared to the predevelopment simulation.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1421C","usgsCitation":"Kuniansky, E.L., and Ardis, A.F., 1997, Hydrogeology and ground-water flow in the Edwards-Trinity aquifer-system, west-central, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1421, Report: vii, 78 p.; 4 Plates: 36.00 x 24.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1421C.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 78 p.; 4 Plates: 36.00 x 24.00 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":266772,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1421c/plate-4.pdf","text":"Plate 4","size":"974.22 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Plate 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Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":509,"text":"Office of the Associate Director for Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ardis, Ann F.","contributorId":96672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ardis","given":"Ann","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":22327,"text":"ofr9714 - 1997 - Advective-transport observation (ADV) package, a computer program for adding advective-transport observations of steady-state flow fields to the three-dimensional ground-water-flow parameter-estimation model MODFLOWP","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-05T08:15:28","indexId":"ofr9714","displayToPublicDate":"2003-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-14","title":"Advective-transport observation (ADV) package, a computer program for adding advective-transport observations of steady-state flow fields to the three-dimensional ground-water-flow parameter-estimation model MODFLOWP","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr9714","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Anderman, E.R., and Hill, M.C., 1997, Advective-transport observation (ADV) package, a computer program for adding advective-transport observations of steady-state flow fields to the three-dimensional ground-water-flow parameter-estimation model MODFLOWP: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-14, vii, 67 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9714.","productDescription":"vii, 67 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":51736,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0014/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":154473,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0014/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4a4b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderman, Evan R.","contributorId":95505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderman","given":"Evan","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill, Mary Catherine","contributorId":53400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"Catherine","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":44355,"text":"ofr97384 - 1997 - Selected hydrologic features of the Lake Tahoe Basin, California and Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:10","indexId":"ofr97384","displayToPublicDate":"2003-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-384","title":"Selected hydrologic features of the Lake Tahoe Basin, California and Nevada","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr97384","usgsCitation":"Rowe, T.G., and Stone, J.C., 1997, Selected hydrologic features of the Lake Tahoe Basin, California and Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-384, 1 map : col. ; 30 x 25 cm., on sheet 44 x 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97384.","productDescription":"1 map : col. ; 30 x 25 cm., on sheet 44 x 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":172834,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":19727,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0384/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"250000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120.36666666666666,38.7 ], [ -120.36666666666666,39.38333333333333 ], [ -119.38333333333334,39.38333333333333 ], [ -119.38333333333334,38.7 ], [ -120.36666666666666,38.7 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a04e4b07f02db5f84c0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rowe, Timothy G.","contributorId":8455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowe","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stone, J. Christopher","contributorId":27125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Christopher","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":21866,"text":"ofr9721 - 1997 - Hydrogeologic and water-quality data used to evaluate the effects of focused recharge on ground-water quality near Princeton, Minnesota, 1991-95","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-05T08:35:29","indexId":"ofr9721","displayToPublicDate":"2002-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-21","title":"Hydrogeologic and water-quality data used to evaluate the effects of focused recharge on ground-water quality near Princeton, Minnesota, 1991-95","docAbstract":"<p>This study was part of the Management Systems Evaluation Area (MSEA) Program, a multi-scale, inter-agency initiative to evaluate the effects of agricultural systems on water quality in the midwest corn belt. The research was part of the U.S. Geological Survey Toxics Substances Hydrology Program. The research area was located in the Anoka Sand Plain about 5 kilometers southwest of Princeton, Minnesota. This report presents temperature, precipitation, soil-moisture, water-quality, and other data collected during 1991-95 to evaluate the effects of focused recharge on ground-water quality at the Princeton MSEA.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Mounds View, MN","doi":"10.3133/ofr9721","issn":"0566-8174","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the University of Minnesota Department of Soil, Water, and Climate, the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, and the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency","usgsCitation":"Delin, G., Landon, M., Nelson, K., Wanty, R., Healy, R.W., Olson, H., Böhlke, J., Schroyer, B., and Capel, P., 1997, Hydrogeologic and water-quality data used to evaluate the effects of focused recharge on ground-water quality near Princeton, Minnesota, 1991-95: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-21, vi, 47 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9721.","productDescription":"vi, 47 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1991-01-01","temporalEnd":"1995-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":153027,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0021/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51351,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0021/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","city":"Princeton","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -93.62557411193848,\n              45.52306687976779\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.62557411193848,\n              45.532086387683606\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.61398696899414,\n              45.532086387683606\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.61398696899414,\n              45.52306687976779\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.62557411193848,\n              45.52306687976779\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a50e4b07f02db628d58","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Delin, G. N.","contributorId":12834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Delin","given":"G. N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Landon, M.K. 0000-0002-5766-0494","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5766-0494","contributorId":69572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landon","given":"M.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nelson, K.J.","contributorId":36957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"K.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wanty, R. B. 0000-0002-2063-6423","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2063-6423","contributorId":66704,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wanty","given":"R. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Healy, R. W.","contributorId":89872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Healy","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Olson, H.W.","contributorId":32150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olson","given":"H.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Böhlke, J.K. 0000-0001-5693-6455","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":96696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Böhlke","given":"J.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Schroyer, B. R.","contributorId":54226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schroyer","given":"B. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Capel, P. D. 0000-0003-1620-5185","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1620-5185","contributorId":95498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Capel","given":"P. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":6773,"text":"fs09697 - 1997 - Using remote sensing to monitor global change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-03T09:07:27","indexId":"fs09697","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"096-97","title":"Using remote sensing to monitor global change","docAbstract":"To properly respond to natural and human-induced stresses to wetlands, resource managers must consider their functions and values. Remote sensing is an important tool for monitoring wetland responses to changes in the hydrologic regime and water quality caused by global climate change and sea-level rise.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs09697","usgsCitation":"Ramsey, E., 1997, Using remote sensing to monitor global change: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 096-97, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs09697.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":284141,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs09697.jpg"},{"id":285382,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/0096-97/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"St. Marks National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 144.616667,13.233333 ], [ 144.616667,71.833333 ], [ -64.566667,71.833333 ], [ -64.566667,13.233333 ], [ 144.616667,13.233333 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a16e4b07f02db603ca6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ramsey, Elijah W. III 0000-0002-4518-5796","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4518-5796","contributorId":72769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramsey","given":"Elijah W.","suffix":"III","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":153314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":25701,"text":"wri974280 - 1997 - Pesticides in surface water of the Mid-Atlantic region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:18","indexId":"wri974280","displayToPublicDate":"2000-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4280","title":"Pesticides in surface water of the Mid-Atlantic region","docAbstract":"Water-quality data from 463 surface-water sites were compiled and analyzed to document the occurrence and distribution of pesticides in surface water of the Mid-Atlantic region as part of the Mid-Atlantic Integrated Assessment program of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Those data collected by the U.S. Geological Survey from October 1973 through March 1997 were used in the analyses. Data are available for a large part of the Mid-Atlantic region, but large spatial gaps in the data do exist. USGS data bases contained analyses of surface-water samples for 127 pesticide compounds, including 12 degradates, but only 16 of the compounds were commonly detected. Atrazine, metolachlor, simazine, prometon, alachlor, tebuthiuron, cyanazine, diazinon, carbaryl, chlorpyrifos, pendimethalin, 2,4-D, dieldrin, DCPA, metribuzin, and desethylatrazine (an atrazine degradate) were detected in more than 100 of the samples analyzed. At least one pesticide was detected in about 75 percent of the samples collected and at more than 90 percent of the sites sampled. Concentrations greater than the Federal Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) for drinking water of 3 micrograms per liter (ug/L) for atrazine were found in 67 of 2,076 samples analyzed; concentrations greater than the MCL of 2ug/L for alachlor were found in 13 of 1,693 samples analyzed, and concentrations greater than the MCL of 4 ug/L for simazine were found in 17 of 1,995 samples analyzed. Concentrations of four pesticides were greater than Federal Health Advisory levels for drinking water, and concentrations of nine pesticides were greater than Federal Ambient Water-Quality Criteria for the Protection of Aquatic Organisms. Streams draining basins with different land uses tend to have different pesticide detection frequencies and median concentrations. Median concentrations of herbicides tend to be highest in streams draining basins in which the major land use is agriculture, whereas median concentrations of insecticides tend to be highest in streams draining extensively urbanized basins. Concentrations of both herbicides and insecticides are usually highest during the spring and summer, although many pesticides are present at low concentrations in surface water throughout the year. Pesticide concentrations vary greatly seasonally and over different hydrologic conditions, with overall variation sometimes exceeding four orders of magnitude. During periods of pesticide application (typically spring and summer), the occurrence of selected pesticides in some streams in the Mid-Atlantic region is related to streamflow. Correlations between concentrations of selected pesticides and streamflow are statistically significant during spring and summer for small (draining less than 55 square miles) streams. Concentrations of selected pesticides in small streams increase during high flows in the growing season, up to 30 times the concentrations present during low-flow conditions in the growing season. In small streams draining urban areas, concentrations of atrazine decrease during high-flow events but concentrations of the insecticides diazinon and chlorpyrifos increase. This may be due to the differences in the pesticides used in agricultural and urban areas and the amounts applied.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services, distributor,","doi":"10.3133/wri974280","usgsCitation":"Ferrari, M., Ator, S.W., Blomquist, J., and Dysart, J.E., 1997, Pesticides in surface water of the Mid-Atlantic region: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4280, 12 p. col. ill., col. maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974280.","productDescription":"12 p. col. ill., col. maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":1820,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://md.water.usgs.gov/publications/wrir-97-4280/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":125166,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4280/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54463,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4280/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db68816d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ferrari, Matthew J.","contributorId":67082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferrari","given":"Matthew J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ator, Scott W. 0000-0002-9186-4837 swator@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9186-4837","contributorId":781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ator","given":"Scott","email":"swator@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":375,"text":"Maryland, Delaware, and the District of Columbia Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":194718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Blomquist, Joel D. jdblomqu@usgs.gov","contributorId":3774,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blomquist","given":"Joel D.","email":"jdblomqu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":194719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dysart, Joel E.","contributorId":42256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dysart","given":"Joel","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":23512,"text":"ofr97588 - 1997 - Documentation of AIR2D, a computer program to simulate two-dimensional axisymmetric air flow in the unsaturated zone","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-03T16:34:10","indexId":"ofr97588","displayToPublicDate":"2000-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-588","title":"Documentation of AIR2D, a computer program to simulate two-dimensional axisymmetric air flow in the unsaturated zone","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr97588","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Joss, C., and Baehr, A.L., 1997, Documentation of AIR2D, a computer program to simulate two-dimensional axisymmetric air flow in the unsaturated zone: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-588, Report: vii, 106 p.; HTML, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97588.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 106 p.; HTML","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":155644,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0588/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52802,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0588/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":270242,"type":{"id":4,"text":"Application Site"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0588/application.zip"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6ae4b07f02db63cdc5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Joss, C.J.","contributorId":36964,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Joss","given":"C.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baehr, A. L.","contributorId":59831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baehr","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":29413,"text":"wri974122 - 1997 - Characterization of springflow in the north coast limestone of Puerto Rico using physical, chemical, and stable isotopic methods","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-14T20:36:05.670846","indexId":"wri974122","displayToPublicDate":"2000-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4122","title":"Characterization of springflow in the north coast limestone of Puerto Rico using physical, chemical, and stable isotopic methods","docAbstract":"<p>The carbonate sequence of middle Tertiary age of the north coast of Puerto Rico is characterized by the presence of numerous springs in the coastal areas. In order to advance the understanding of the hydrologic role of the springs in the north coast limestone aquifer system of Puerto Rico, a 4-year study was conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Puerto Rico Aqueduct and Sewer Authority. As part of this study, data were collected on the chemical, physical, bacteriological, oxygen-18, and deuterium composition of water from springs in the Dorado to Rincon area, in northwestern Puerto Rico. A group of springs in the Dorado to Arecibo area was selected for more detailed monitoring. Oxygen-18 and deuterium composition was also determined for water wells and monthly rainfall composites at a series of sites in the study area.</p><p>Springs are associated with all the carbonate units of the middle Tertiary sequence of the northern karst belt of Puerto Rico, except the Camuy and San Sebastian Formations. These springs mostly drain the unconfined parts of the upper and lower aquifers in the north coast limestone aquifer system. There are no first and second order springs in the north coast limestone and of those present fifth and sixth order springs are the most numerous type. Springflow at the springs measured during the study ranged from less than 0.1 to 61 cubic feet per second.</p><p>Springs in the north coast limestone can also be classified by their response to rainfall. There is little or no short-term response to rainfall&nbsp;at springs such as Ojo de Agua in Vega Baja, Mameyes in Manati, and Mackovic in Vega Alta. These springs are known as diffuse-type springs. Other springs such as Maguayo in Dorado, Ojo de Guillo in Manati, and San Pedro in Arecibo exhibit a strong short-term response to rainfall and are known as conduit-type springs. Spring water temperature, during the study, ranged from 22.5 to 28 °C and resembled air temperature. Specific conductance ranged from 289 to about 4,000 microsiemens per centimeter, and pH ranged from 6.9 to 7.8.</p><p>Calcium, sodium, bicarbonate, and chloride are the main ionic species in water from the springs sampled during the study. The main water type is calcium-bicarbonate and secondary water types are calcium-bicarbonate chloride and sodium-bicarbonate-chloride. A seasonal and short-term transient relation exists, particularly in conduit-type springs, between springflow, physical properties, and water quality.</p><p>Temporal and spatial variations in the oxygen-18 and deuterium composition of modern precipitation are significantly larger than those of springs and ground water in the study area. Regional flow in the upper aquifer appears to attenuate or average the variations in isotopic composition of rainfall. There is, however, a regional gradient in the deuterium composition of water from the upper aquifer in the north coast limestone, with isotopically heavier water occurring further north.</p><p>It was possible to determine the source of water contributing to springs at some sites with more detailed data collection and analysis. A drainage basin of about 10 square kilometers was&nbsp;delineated for the Ojo de Agua spring in Vega Baja, for a base flow of 2 cubic feet per second and an estimated subregional recharge rate of around 20 inches per year. A delineation of drainage basins for conduit-type springs in the study area such as San Pedro, Ojo de Guillo, Maguayo, and others is very difficult because the boundaries of these systems are highly responsive to changing hydraulic conditions such as rapid and short-term variations in the hydraulic head distribution as a consequence of rainfall. However, a preliminary drainage basin of about 6 square kilometers was delineated for the San Pedro spring for a base flow of 2 cubic feet per second and an estimated subregional annual recharge of 12 inches. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri974122","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Puerto Rico Aqueduct and Sewer Authority","usgsCitation":"Rodríguez-Martínez, J., 1997, Characterization of springflow in the north coast limestone of Puerto Rico using physical, chemical, and stable isotopic methods: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4122, Report: vi, 53 p.; 1 Plate 29.00 x 23.82 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974122.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 53 p.; 1 Plate 29.00 x 23.82 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":423584,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48743.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":58263,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4122/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":365702,"rank":2,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4122/figure-1.pdf","text":"Figure 1 and 15","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":119693,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4122/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Puerto Rico","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -67.3,\n              18.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -66,\n              18.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -66,\n              18.6\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.3,\n              18.6\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.3,\n              18.25\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4d3c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rodríguez-Martínez, Jesús","contributorId":48149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodríguez-Martínez","given":"Jesús","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
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,{"id":6312,"text":"pp1571 - 1997 - Ground-water flow and contaminant transport at a radioactive-materials processing site, Wood River Junction, Rhode Island","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-11T06:41:04","indexId":"pp1571","displayToPublicDate":"1999-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1571","title":"Ground-water flow and contaminant transport at a radioactive-materials processing site, Wood River Junction, Rhode Island","docAbstract":"Liquid wastes from an enriched-uranium cold-scrap recovery plant at Wood River Junction, Rhode Island, were discharged to the environment through evaporation ponds and trenches from 1966 through 1980. 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,{"id":38258,"text":"pp1425 - 1997 - Hydrologic budgets of regional aquifer systems of the United States for predevelopment and development conditions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-08-03T01:02:04","indexId":"pp1425","displayToPublicDate":"1999-04-01T02:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1425","title":"Hydrologic budgets of regional aquifer systems of the United States for predevelopment and development conditions","docAbstract":"Ground-water budgets are presented in this report for 14 regionally extensive aquifer systems; pumpage from 11 of these systems provided from 40 to 50 percent of the ground water withdrawn in the United States during the 1970's and 1980's. The budgets are based on simulation results from computer-based models developed as part of the Regional Aquifer-System Analysis Program of the U.S. Geological Survey. Most of the models cover large areas (30,000-300,000 square miles) and generally are constructed with coarse-mesh finite-difference grids designed to simulate regional ground-water flow. The groundwater budgets derived from these models generally do not include local flow that enters and exits regional aquifers after traveling only a few miles or flow in overlying surficial aquifers. Budgets are presented for predevelopment and recent pumping conditions for most of the aquifer systems.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1425","isbn":"0-607-90427-5","collaboration":"Regional Aquifer-System Analysis","usgsCitation":"Johnston, R.H., 1997, Hydrologic budgets of regional aquifer systems of the United States for predevelopment and development conditions (Revised 1999): U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1425, vi, 34 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1425.","productDescription":"vi, 34 p.","numberOfPages":"43","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":126453,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1425/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":64635,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1425/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.8,24.5 ], [ -124.8,49.38333333333333 ], [ -66.95,49.38333333333333 ], [ -66.95,24.5 ], [ -124.8,24.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Revised 1999","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db6116bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnston, Richard H.","contributorId":95860,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":30471,"text":"wri974263 - 1997 - Hydrology of the shallow aquifer and uppermost semiconfined aquifer near El Paso, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-17T14:23:18","indexId":"wri974263","displayToPublicDate":"1999-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4263","title":"Hydrology of the shallow aquifer and uppermost semiconfined aquifer near El Paso, Texas","docAbstract":"<p>The availability of fresh ground water in El Paso and adjacent areas that is needed to meet increased demand for water supply concerns local, State, and Federal agencies. The Hueco bolson is the principal aquifer in the El Paso area. Starting in the early 1900s and continuing to the 1950s, most of the municipal and industrial water supply in El Paso was pumped from the Hueco bolson aquifer from wells in and near the Rio Grande Valley and the international border. The Rio Grande is the principal surface-water feature in the El Paso area, and a major source of recharge to the shallow aquifer (Rio Grande alluvium) within the study area is leakage of flow from the Rio Grande.</p>\n<p>The shallow aquifer and the underlying Hueco bolson aquifer are in general hydrologic connection, but wells that penetrate these aquifers have different water levels and water quality. The configuration (slope) of the predevelopment (pre- 1903) water table indicates that ground water in the Hueco bolson flowed south from the Texas-New Mexico State line toward the El Paso Valley and the Rio Grande. There the water moved upward from the Hueco bolson fill through the alluvium and discharged as seepage at the land surface or through evapotranspiration on the river flood plain. Subsequent (post-January 1903) development of the Hueco bolson has caused water levels to decline in both the bolson aquifer and the shallow aquifer, and these declines have reversed the original vertical hydraulic gradient and now cause vertical leak- 1 Hydrologist, U.S. Geological Survey. 2 Geologist, El Paso Water Utilities-Public Service Board. age downward. Water-level declines in the shallow aquifer have in turn induced increasing amounts of leakage from the Rio Grande and from irrigation canals.</p>\n<p>The reversal from upward to downward in vertical hydraulic gradient between the Rio Grande alluvium and the underlying Hueco bolson aquifer has induced shallow water in the alluvium to move downward into the deeper aquifer. The introduction of water from the alluvium probably has led to a gradual water-quality deterioration of ground water in the Hueco bolson aquifer. The extent of any deterioration is a major concern because the dissolved solids concentration in water from some wells is approaching 1,000 milligrams per liter and already has exceeded this limit in other wells.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/wri974263","collaboration":"In cooperation with the El Paso Water Utilities-Public Service Board","usgsCitation":"White, D., Baker, E.T., and Sperka, R., 1997, Hydrology of the shallow aquifer and uppermost semiconfined aquifer near El Paso, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4263, iv, 37 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974263.","productDescription":"iv, 37 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":119525,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4263/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59254,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4263/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc7b2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"White, D. E.","contributorId":20729,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"White","given":"D. E.","affiliations":[{"id":6672,"text":"former: USGS Southwest Biological Science Center, Colorado Plateau Research Station, Flagstaff, AZ. Current address:  TN-SCORE, Univ of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, e-mail: jennen@gmail.com","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":203307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baker, E. T. Jr.","contributorId":88366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"E.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sperka, Roger","contributorId":59080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sperka","given":"Roger","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":24725,"text":"ofr97203 - 1997 - Hydrologic and water-quality data related to the occurrence of arsenic for areas along the Madison and Upper Missouri Rivers, southwestern and west-central Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:22","indexId":"ofr97203","displayToPublicDate":"1999-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-203","title":"Hydrologic and water-quality data related to the occurrence of arsenic for areas along the Madison and Upper Missouri Rivers, southwestern and west-central Montana","docAbstract":"Geothermal waters in Yellowstone National Park contribute  large quantities of arsenic to the headwaters of the Madison River.  Water in some Quaternary and Tertiary valley-fill deposits along the Madison and upper Missouri Rivers also is locally enriched in arsenic.  Arsenic in surface and ground water in these valleys is an important public- health concern because arsenic concentrations frequently exceed the State of Montana water- quality human health standard of  18 micrograms per liter as well as the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Maximum Contaminant Level of 50 micrograms per liter.  This report presents hydrologic and water-quality data for the Madison and upper Missouri Rivers and selected tributaries, irrigation supply canals or ditches, drains, springs and seeps, for Lake Helena, and for ground water in adjacent areas.   Hydrologic and water-quality data were collected and compiled to provide information to more fully understand the extent, magnitude, and source of arsenic in surface and ground water along the Madison and upper Missouri Rivers; to assess, to the extent possible, the mechanisms that control arsenic concentrations; and to assess the effect of irrigation on arsenic concentrations.  Hydrologic and arsenic- concentration data were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey and other agencies for 104 surface-water sites and 273 ground-water sites during this and previous studies.  The quality of analytical results for arsenic concentrations was evaluated by quality-control samples that were submitted from the field and analyzed in the laboratory with routing samples.  Quality-control samples consisted of replicates, standard reference samples, interlaboratory comparison samples, and field blanks.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor,","doi":"10.3133/ofr97203","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Tuck, L., Dutton, D., and Nimick, D., 1997, Hydrologic and water-quality data related to the occurrence of arsenic for areas along the Madison and Upper Missouri Rivers, southwestern and west-central Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-203, v, 124 p. (some folded) :ill., maps (some col.) ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97203.","productDescription":"v, 124 p. (some folded) :ill., maps (some col.) ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157778,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0203/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53751,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0203/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db6116ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tuck, L.K.","contributorId":54247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tuck","given":"L.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dutton, D.M.","contributorId":67923,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dutton","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nimick, D. A.","contributorId":70399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nimick","given":"D. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":32111,"text":"ofr97678 - 1997 - Sub-crop geologic map of pre-Tertiary rocks in the Yucca Flat and northern Frenchman Flat areas, Nevada Test Site, southern Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-22T21:54:13.215318","indexId":"ofr97678","displayToPublicDate":"1999-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-678","title":"Sub-crop geologic map of pre-Tertiary rocks in the Yucca Flat and northern Frenchman Flat areas, Nevada Test Site, southern Nevada","docAbstract":"<p>This map displays interpreted structural and stratigraphic relations among the Paleozoic and older rocks of the Nevada Test Site region beneath the Miocene volcanic rocks and younger alluvium in the Yucca Flat and northern Frenchman Flat basins. These interpretations are based on a comprehensive examination and review of data for more than 77 drillholes that penetrated part of the pre-Tertiary basement beneath these post-middle Miocene structural basins. Biostratigraphic data from conodont fossils were newly obtained for 31 of these holes, and a thorough review of all prior microfossil paleontologic data is incorporated in the analysis. Subsurface relationships are interpreted in light of a revised regional geologic framework synthesized from detailed geologic mapping in the ranges surrounding Yucca Flat, from comprehensive stratigraphic studies in the region, and from additional detailed field studies on and around the Nevada Test Site.</p><p>All available data indicate the subsurface geology of Yucca Flat is considerably more complicated than previous interpretations have suggested. The western part of the basin, in particular, is underlain by relics of the eastward-vergent Belted Range thrust system that are folded back toward the west and thrust by local, west-vergent contractional structures of the CP thrust system. Field evidence from the ranges surrounding the north end of Yucca Flat indicate that two significant strike-slip faults track southward beneath the post-middle Miocene basin fill, but their subsurface traces cannot be closely defined from the available evidence. In contrast, the eastern part of the Yucca Flat basin is interpreted to be underlain by a fairly simple north-trending, broad syncline in the pre-Tertiary units. Far fewer data are available for the northern Frenchman Flat basin, but regional analysis indicates the pre- Tertiary structure there should also be relatively simple and not affected by thrusting.</p><p>This new interpretation has implications for ground water flow through pre-Tertiary rocks beneath the Yucca Flat and northern Frenchman Flat areas, and has consequences for ground water modeling and model validation. Our data indicate that the Mississippian Chainman Shale is not a laterally extensive confining unit in the western part of the basin because it is folded back onto itself by the convergent structures of the Belted Range and CP thrust systems. Early and Middle Paleozoic limestone and dolomite are present beneath most of both basins and, regardless of structural complications, are interpreted to form a laterally continuous and extensive carbonate aquifer. Structural culmination that marks the French Peak accommodation zone along the topographic divide between the two basins provides a lateral pathway through highly fractured rock between the volcanic aquifers of Yucca Flat and the regional carbonate aquifer. This pathway may accelerate the migration of ground-water contaminants introduced by underground nuclear testing toward discharge areas beyond the Nevada Test Site boundaries. Predictive three-dimensional models of hydrostratigraphic units&nbsp;and ground-water flow in the pre-Tertiary rocks of subsurface Yucca Flat are likely to be unrealistic due to the extreme structural complexities. The interpretation of hydrologic and geochemical data obtained from monitoring wells will be difficult to extrapolate through the flow system until more is known about the continuity of hydrostratigraphic units.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr97678","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Nevada Operations Office U.S. Department of Energy (Interagency Agreement DE-AI08-96NV11967)","usgsCitation":"Cole, J., Harris, A.G., and Wahl, R., 1997, Sub-crop geologic map of pre-Tertiary rocks in the Yucca Flat and northern Frenchman Flat areas, Nevada Test Site, southern Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-678, Report: ii, 24 p.; 1 Plate: 32.55 x 41.15 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97678.","productDescription":"Report: ii, 24 p.; 1 Plate: 32.55 x 41.15 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":425886,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_18824.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":60238,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0678/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":163317,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0678/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":335274,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0678/plate-1.pdf","text":"Plate","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Plate"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Yucca Flat and northern Frenchman Flat areas","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -116.25,\n              36.892\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.85,\n              36.892\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.85,\n              37.283\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.25,\n              37.283\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.25,\n              36.892\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699c80","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cole, J. C.","contributorId":21539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cole","given":"J. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harris, Anita G.","contributorId":50162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"Anita","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wahl, Ronald R.","contributorId":7332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wahl","given":"Ronald R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":23646,"text":"ofr97630 - 1997 - Documentation of R-UNSAT, a computer model for the simulation of reactive, multispecies transport in the unsaturated zone","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-05T09:36:55","indexId":"ofr97630","displayToPublicDate":"1999-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-630","title":"Documentation of R-UNSAT, a computer model for the simulation of reactive, multispecies transport in the unsaturated zone","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr97630","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Lahvis, M.A., and Baehr, A.L., 1997, Documentation of R-UNSAT, a computer model for the simulation of reactive, multispecies transport in the unsaturated zone: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-630, vii, 104 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97630.","productDescription":"vii, 104 p. ","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":154936,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0630/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52915,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0630/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a68e4b07f02db63b4f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lahvis, Matthew A.","contributorId":104522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lahvis","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baehr, Arthur L.","contributorId":104523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baehr","given":"Arthur","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":28032,"text":"wri974157 - 1997 - Guide to the revised heat and solute transport simulator; HST3D, Version 2","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-05T09:32:22","indexId":"wri974157","displayToPublicDate":"1999-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4157","title":"Guide to the revised heat and solute transport simulator; HST3D, Version 2","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri974157","usgsCitation":"Kipp, K., 1997, Guide to the revised heat and solute transport simulator; HST3D, Version 2: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4157, v, 149 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974157.","productDescription":"v, 149 p. ","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":119057,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4157/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56871,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4157/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a87e4b07f02db64eb34","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kipp, K.L. Jr.","contributorId":31024,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kipp","given":"K.L.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":21880,"text":"ofr95708 - 1997 - Hydrologic, sedimentologic, and chemical data describing surficial bed sediments and water in the navigation pools of the Upper Mississippi River, July 1991-April 1992","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-22T18:44:27","indexId":"ofr95708","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-708","title":"Hydrologic, sedimentologic, and chemical data describing surficial bed sediments and water in the navigation pools of the Upper Mississippi River, July 1991-April 1992","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey :\r\nInformation Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr95708","issn":"0566-8174","usgsCitation":"1997, Hydrologic, sedimentologic, and chemical data describing surficial bed sediments and water in the navigation pools of the Upper Mississippi River, July 1991-April 1992: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-708, xiv, 274 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95708.","productDescription":"xiv, 274 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":153745,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0708/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51368,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0708/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e986","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Moody, John A. 0000-0003-2609-364X jamoody@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2609-364X","contributorId":771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moody","given":"John","email":"jamoody@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":749278,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":21881,"text":"ofr96580 - 1997 - Hydrologic, sedimentologic, and chemical data describing surficial bed sediments in the navigation pools of the upper Mississippi River, after the flood of 1993","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-22T18:43:33","indexId":"ofr96580","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-580","title":"Hydrologic, sedimentologic, and chemical data describing surficial bed sediments in the navigation pools of the upper Mississippi River, after the flood of 1993","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey :\r\nInformation Services, Open-file Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr96580","issn":"0566-8174","usgsCitation":"1997, Hydrologic, sedimentologic, and chemical data describing surficial bed sediments in the navigation pools of the upper Mississippi River, after the flood of 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-580, xiii, 237 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96580.","productDescription":"xiii, 237 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":51369,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0580/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":153058,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0580/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e995","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Moody, John A. 0000-0003-2609-364X jamoody@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2609-364X","contributorId":771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moody","given":"John","email":"jamoody@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":749277,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":29488,"text":"wri974253 - 1997 - Model-estimated ground-water recharge and hydrograph of ground-water discharge to a stream","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:57","indexId":"wri974253","displayToPublicDate":"1998-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4253","title":"Model-estimated ground-water recharge and hydrograph of ground-water discharge to a stream","docAbstract":"The computer model PULSE, described in this report, can be used to construct a hydrograph of ground-water discharge to a stream. The model is applicable to a ground-water flow system that is driven by areally uniform recharge to the water table, and in which ground water discharges to a gaining stream. One of the two formulations used by the model allows for an instantaneous recharge pulse and subsequent ground-water discharge to the stream. The other formulation, which allows for a gradual hydrologic gain or loss term in addition to the instantaneous pulse, can be used to simulate the effects of gradual recharge to the water table, ground-water evapotranspiration, or downward leakage to a deeper aquifer.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nInformation Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri974253","usgsCitation":"Rutledge, A.T., 1997, Model-estimated ground-water recharge and hydrograph of ground-water discharge to a stream: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4253, vi, 29 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974253.","productDescription":"vi, 29 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":122693,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri_97_4253.jpg"},{"id":2484,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri974253","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a28e4b07f02db611022","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rutledge, A. T.","contributorId":38532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rutledge","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":25477,"text":"wri974196 - 1997 - Environmental setting and implications for water quality in the Western Lake Michigan Drainages","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-22T19:25:01","indexId":"wri974196","displayToPublicDate":"1998-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4196","title":"Environmental setting and implications for water quality in the Western Lake Michigan Drainages","docAbstract":"<p>In 1991, the U.S. Geological Survey began to implement its National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) program. The Western Lake Michigan Drainages was one of 20 study units selected for investigation to begin in 1991. The study-unit investigation will include an assessment of surface- and ground-water quality. The quality of water in a study unit is intrinsically related to the natural and anthropogenic features of the study unit. The natural features include geology, weather and climate, vegetation, and hydrology. The anthropogenic features of the basin include population distribution, land use and land cover, agricultural practices, and water use. This report describes the natural and anthropogenic features that constitute the environmental setting of the Western Lake Michigan Drainages as well as the implications of those features on the water quality.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri974196","usgsCitation":"1997, Environmental setting and implications for water quality in the Western Lake Michigan Drainages: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4196, ix, 79 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974196.","productDescription":"ix, 79 p.","numberOfPages":"88","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":54203,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4196/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":118942,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4196/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -86.429443359375,\n              45.61403741135093\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.66015624999999,\n              46.40756396630067\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.099609375,\n              46.41513877649202\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.51708984375,\n              46.53619267489863\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.71484375,\n              46.626806395355175\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.033447265625,\n              46.7549166192819\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.13232421875,\n              46.7549166192819\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.39599609375,\n              46.76244305208004\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.934326171875,\n              46.604167162931844\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.176025390625,\n              46.52863469527167\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.296875,\n              46.32417161725694\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.84619140625,\n              45.4524242413431\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.142822265625,\n              44.56699093657141\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.274658203125,\n              43.667871610117494\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.84619140625,\n              43.068887774169625\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.47265625,\n              42.819580715795915\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.9013671875,\n              42.69858589169842\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.26416015625,\n              42.601619944327965\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.791748046875,\n              42.48019996901214\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.6708984375,\n              42.827638636242284\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.78076171875,\n              43.1811470593997\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.5390625,\n              44.07969327425713\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.308349609375,\n              44.55916341529184\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.8359375,\n              45.22848059584359\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.781005859375,\n              45.43700828867389\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.737060546875,\n              45.460130637921004\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.429443359375,\n              45.61403741135093\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a13e4b07f02db602287","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Peters, C.A.","contributorId":29794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peters","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":749314,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":30013,"text":"wri974063 - 1997 - Urbanization and recharge in the vicinity of East Meadow Brook, Nassau County, New York: Part 2 — Effect of urban runoff on the hydrology of the headwaters of East Meadow Brook, 1989-90","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-06T22:25:42.72833","indexId":"wri974063","displayToPublicDate":"1998-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4063","title":"Urbanization and recharge in the vicinity of East Meadow Brook, Nassau County, New York: Part 2 — Effect of urban runoff on the hydrology of the headwaters of East Meadow Brook, 1989-90","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri974063","usgsCitation":"Stumm, F., and Ku, H.F., 1997, Urbanization and recharge in the vicinity of East Meadow Brook, Nassau County, New York: Part 2 — Effect of urban runoff on the hydrology of the headwaters of East Meadow Brook, 1989-90: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4063, iv, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974063.","productDescription":"iv, 24 p.","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":410127,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48689.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":58819,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4063/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":160471,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4063/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","county":"Nassau County","otherGeospatial":"East Meadow Brook","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -73.5867,\n              40.7306\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.5867,\n              40.7167\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.5806,\n              40.7167\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.5806,\n              40.7306\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.5867,\n              40.7306\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adfe4b07f02db687799","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stumm, Frederick 0000-0002-5388-8811 fstumm@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5388-8811","contributorId":1077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stumm","given":"Frederick","email":"fstumm@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":202531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ku, Henry F. H.","contributorId":11258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ku","given":"Henry","email":"","middleInitial":"F. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
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