{"pageNumber":"3913","pageRowStart":"97800","pageSize":"25","recordCount":185159,"records":[{"id":70018761,"text":"70018761 - 1995 - Simulation of interaction between ground water in an alluvial aquifer and surface water in a large braided river","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:28","indexId":"70018761","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Simulation of interaction between ground water in an alluvial aquifer and surface water in a large braided river","docAbstract":"The Fairbanks, Alaska, area has many contaminated sites in a shallow alluvial aquifer. A ground-water flow model is being developed using the MODFLOW finite-difference ground-water flow model program with the River Package. The modeled area is discretized in the horizontal dimensions into 118 rows and 158 columns of approximately 150-meter square cells. The fine grid spacing has the advantage of providing needed detail at the contaminated sites and surface-water features that bound the aquifer. However, the fine spacing of cells adds difficulty to simulating interaction between the aquifer and the large, braided Tanana River. In particular, the assignment of a river head is difficult if cells are much smaller than the river width. This was solved by developing a procedure for interpolating and extrapolating river head using a river distance function. Another problem is that future transient simulations would require excessive numbers of input records using the current version of the River Package. The proposed solution to this problem is to modify the River Package to linearly interpolate river head for time steps within each stress period, thereby reducing the number of stress periods required.","largerWorkTitle":"International Symposium on Groundwater Management - Proceedings","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the International Symposium on Groundwater Management","conferenceDate":"14 August 1995 through 16 August 1995","conferenceLocation":"San Antonio, TX, USA","language":"English","publisher":"ASCE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, United States","usgsCitation":"Leake, S.A., and Lilly, M.R., 1995, Simulation of interaction between ground water in an alluvial aquifer and surface water in a large braided river, <i>in</i> International Symposium on Groundwater Management - Proceedings, San Antonio, TX, USA, 14 August 1995 through 16 August 1995, p. 325-330.","startPage":"325","endPage":"330","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227134,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b906ae4b08c986b3194b7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leake, S. A.","contributorId":52164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leake","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":380680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lilly, M. R.","contributorId":38594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lilly","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":380679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70018744,"text":"70018744 - 1995 - Changing drainage patterns within South Cascade Glacier, Washington, USA, 1964-1992","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:26","indexId":"70018744","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1008,"text":"Biogeochemistry of seasonally snow-covered catchments. Proc. symposium, Boulder, 1995","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Changing drainage patterns within South Cascade Glacier, Washington, USA, 1964-1992","docAbstract":"The theoretical patterns of water drainage are presented for South Cascade Glacier for four different years between 1964 and 1992, during which the glacier was thinning and receding. The theoretical pattern compares well, in a broad sense, with the flow pattern determined from tracer injections in 1986 and 1987. Differences between the patterns may result from the routing of surface meltwater in crevasses prior to entering the body of the glacier. The changing drainage pattern was caused by glacier thinning. The migration of a drainage divide eventually rerouted most of the surface meltwater from the main stream that drained the glacier in 1987 to another, formerly smaller, stream by 1992. On the basis of projected glacier thinning between 1992 and 1999, we predict that the drainage divide will continue to migrate across the glacier.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biogeochemistry of seasonally snow-covered catchments. Proc. symposium, Boulder, 1995","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Fountain, A.G., and Vaughn, B.H., 1995, Changing drainage patterns within South Cascade Glacier, Washington, USA, 1964-1992: Biogeochemistry of seasonally snow-covered catchments. Proc. symposium, Boulder, 1995, v. 228, p. 379-386.","startPage":"379","endPage":"386","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227581,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"228","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f43fe4b0c8380cd4bc24","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fountain, A. G.","contributorId":29815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fountain","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":380629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vaughn, B. H.","contributorId":63806,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vaughn","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":380630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70018742,"text":"70018742 - 1995 - Tilting history of the San Manuel-Kalamazoo porphyry system, southeastern Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-09T12:45:40.497085","indexId":"70018742","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tilting history of the San Manuel-Kalamazoo porphyry system, southeastern Arizona","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Laramide San Manuel-Kalamazoo porphyry system of Arizona has been pivotal in concepts of both extensional tectonics and alteration-mineralization zoning. This paper reexamines the tilting history in light of new work in the region and reinterprets the geometry of the deposit. The porphyry mineralization occurs in and near an intrusion of Laramide San Manuel porphyry in Precambrian Oracle Granite. The area has an extremely complicated history of Tertiary crustal extension and fanglomerate deposition, but the blocks containing the two main fragments of the original orebody (separated by the San Manuel fault) were involved in only the later parts of this history and are less tilted than other nearby blocks. Originally horizontal features of mid-Tertiary age are tilted about 30 degrees , those of Laramide age about 35 degrees , and those of pre-Laramide age about 45 degrees to the northeast. Paleomagnetism of the porphyry intrusion itself suggests tilting of about 33 degrees . The data thus suggest that postemplacement tilt of the Laramide porphyry system was 30 degrees to 35 degrees and that virtually all of it was mid-Tertiary in age. An earlier interpretation of greater tilt magnitude was apparently based in part on correlation with adjacent areas showing greater tilt magnitude (as in the Tar Wash allochthon) and in part on a choice of cross section that gives the impression of a nearly recumbent attitude. However, Lowell's sections are oriented along the strike of both the orebodies and the productive porphyry intrusion, which are dipping tablo-cylindroidal bodies. Ore forms a hollow envelope whose inner margin has an aspect ratio of about &gt;4.3 (length)/&gt;2.5 (downdip height)/l (limb separation). The productive intrusion, around which ore is wrapped, has a similar aspect ratio in the same plane (strike N 58 degrees E, dip 47 degrees SE). Reconstruction of the original attitudes of intrusion and ore yields a common strike near N 75' E and a steep dip to the south. This is a common attitude for undisturbed productive porphyry dikes of Laramide age.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.90.1.67","issn":"03610128","usgsCitation":"Force, E.R., Dickinson, W., and Hagstrum, J., 1995, Tilting history of the San Manuel-Kalamazoo porphyry system, southeastern Arizona: Economic Geology, v. 90, no. 1, p. 67-80, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.90.1.67.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"67","endPage":"80","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227579,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Black Hills, San Manuel Mining District","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -110.74573982332099,\n              32.725197673980745\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.74573982332099,\n              32.67245942192733\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.6724276331242,\n              32.67245942192733\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.6724276331242,\n              32.725197673980745\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.74573982332099,\n              32.725197673980745\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"90","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1995-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb38de4b08c986b325e6a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Force, E. R.","contributorId":28235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Force","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":380609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dickinson, W.R.","contributorId":64801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dickinson","given":"W.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":380610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hagstrum, J.T.","contributorId":75922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hagstrum","given":"J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":380611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70018740,"text":"70018740 - 1995 - Fate of microbial metabolites of hydrocarbons in a coastal plain aquifer: The role of electron acceptors","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-25T07:31:59","indexId":"70018740","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fate of microbial metabolites of hydrocarbons in a coastal plain aquifer: The role of electron acceptors","docAbstract":"<p>A combined field and laboratory study was undertaken to understand the distribution and geochemical conditions that influence the prevalence of low molecular weight organic acids in groundwater of a shallow aquifer contaminated with gasoline. Aromatic hydrocarbons from gasoline were degraded by microbially mediated oxidation-reduction reactions, including reduction of nitrate, sulfate, and Fe(III). The biogeochemical reactions changed overtime in response to changes in the hydrogeochemical conditions in the aquifer. Aliphatic and aromatic organic acids were associated with hydrocarbon degradation in anoxic zones of the aquifer. Laboratory microcosms demonstrated that the biogeochemical fate of specific organic acids observed in groundwater varied with the structure of the acid and the availability of electron acceptors. Benzoic and phenylacetic acid were degraded by indigenous aquifer microorganisms when nitrate was supplied as an electron acceptor. Aromatic acids with two or more methyl substituants on the benzene ring persisted under nitrate-reducing conditions. Although iron reduction and sulfate reduction were important processes in situ and occurred in the microcosms, these reactions were not coupled to the biological oxidation of aromatic organic acids that were added to the microcosms as electron donors.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es00002a023","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Cozzarelli, I., Herman, J., and Baedecker, M.J., 1995, Fate of microbial metabolites of hydrocarbons in a coastal plain aquifer: The role of electron acceptors: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 29, no. 2, p. 458-469, https://doi.org/10.1021/es00002a023.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"458","endPage":"469","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":227534,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0f11e4b0c8380cd5374b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cozzarelli, I.M. 0000-0002-5123-1007","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5123-1007","contributorId":22343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cozzarelli","given":"I.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":380605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Herman, J.S.","contributorId":73345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herman","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":380606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baedecker, M. Jo","contributorId":9920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baedecker","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"Jo","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":380604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70019044,"text":"70019044 - 1995 - Osmium and neodymium isotopic constraints on the temporal and spatial evolution of Siberian flood basalt sources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:15","indexId":"70019044","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Osmium and neodymium isotopic constraints on the temporal and spatial evolution of Siberian flood basalt sources","docAbstract":"Picrites from the Gudchikhinsky suite, the oldest rocks examined, have ??Os of +5.3 to +6.1 and ??Nd of +3.7 to +4.0. The osmium and neodymium isotopic compositions of these rocks are similar to some modern ocean-island basalts (OIB), consistent with their derivation from an mantle plume. Picrites from the stratigraphically higher Tuklonsky suite have similar ??Os of +3.4 to +6.5, but ??Nd of -0.9 to -2.6. The similar ??Os, but lower ??Nd , suggest that some magmas from the same OIB-type, mantle source were contaminated by lithospheric components. A differentiated ankaramite flow, associated with the top of the stratigraphically higher Morongovsky suite, has ??Os of +9.8 to +10.2 and ??Nd of +1.3 to +1.4. The higher ??Os may indicate that the plume source was heterogeneous with respect to osmium isotopic composition, consistent with osmium isotopic measurements in rocks from other plume sources. Mg-rich, alkaline rocks (meymechites) from the Guli area that erupted much nearer the end of the flood-basalt event have ??Os of -1.2 to -2.6 and ??Nd of +3.7 to +4.9. These rocks were probably produced by low degrees of partial melting of mantle after the main stages of flood-basalt production. -from Authors","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(96)89674-8","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Horan, M., Walker, R., Fedorenko, V., and Czamanske, G., 1995, Osmium and neodymium isotopic constraints on the temporal and spatial evolution of Siberian flood basalt sources: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 59, no. 24, p. 5159-5168, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(96)89674-8.","startPage":"5159","endPage":"5168","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205712,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(96)89674-8"},{"id":226357,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"59","issue":"24","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a712ee4b0c8380cd764da","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Horan, M.F.","contributorId":75282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horan","given":"M.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walker, R.J.","contributorId":105859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walker","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fedorenko, V.A.","contributorId":59961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fedorenko","given":"V.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Czamanske, G.K.","contributorId":26300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Czamanske","given":"G.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70018736,"text":"70018736 - 1995 - Determination of elemental content off rocks by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-08T17:34:43.732196","indexId":"70018736","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":761,"text":"Analytical Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determination of elemental content off rocks by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry","docAbstract":"A new method of analysis for rocks and soils is presented using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. It is based on a lithium borate fusion and the free-running mode of a Nd/YAG laser. An Ar/N2 sample gas improves sensitivity 7 ?? for most elements. Sixty-three elements are characterized for the fusion, and 49 elements can be quantified. Internal standards and isotopic spikes ensure accurate results. Limits of detection are 0.01 ??g/g for many trace elements. Accuracy approaches 5% for all elements. A new quality assurance procedure is presented that uses fundamental parameters to test relative response factors for the calibration.","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/ac00110a024","usgsCitation":"Lichte, F., 1995, Determination of elemental content off rocks by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry: Analytical Chemistry, v. 67, no. 14, p. 2479-2485, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00110a024.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"2479","endPage":"2485","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227490,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"67","issue":"14","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ffa3e4b0c8380cd4f2d7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lichte, F.E.","contributorId":99108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lichte","given":"F.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":380590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70019045,"text":"70019045 - 1995 - Stratigraphic and palaeoenvironmental summary of the south-east Georgia Embayment: a correlation of exploratory wells","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-27T09:43:39","indexId":"70019045","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2682,"text":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stratigraphic and palaeoenvironmental summary of the south-east Georgia Embayment: a correlation of exploratory wells","docAbstract":"A Continental Offshore Stratigraphic Test (COST) well and six exploratory wells have been drilled in the south-east Georgia embayment. The oldest rocks penetrated are weakly metamorphosed Lower Ordovician quartz arenites and Silurian shales and argillites in the Transco 1005-1 well and Upper Devonian argillites in the COST GE-1 well. The Palaeozoic strata are unconformably overlain by interbedded non-marine Jurassic sandstones and shales and marginal marine Lower Cretaceous rocks. Together, these rocks are stratigraphically equivalent to the onshore Fort Pierce and Cotton Valley(?) Formations and rocks of the Lower Cretaceous Comanchean Provincial Series. The Upper Cretaceous part of the section is composed mainly of neritic calcareous shales and shaley limestones stratigraphically equivalent to the primarily marginal marine facies of the onshore Atkinson, Cape Fear and Middendorf Formations and Black Creek Group, and to limestones and shales of the Lawson Limestone and Peedee Formations. Cenozoic strata are also described. -from Authors","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0264-8172(95)98092-J","usgsCitation":"Poppe, L., Popenoe, P., Poag, C.W., and Swift, B., 1995, Stratigraphic and palaeoenvironmental summary of the south-east Georgia Embayment: a correlation of exploratory wells: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 12, no. 6, p. 677-690, https://doi.org/10.1016/0264-8172(95)98092-J.","startPage":"677","endPage":"690","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226358,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":268429,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0264-8172(95)98092-J"}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -81.6748,30.2657 ], [ -81.6748,32.1152 ], [ -79.8629,32.1152 ], [ -79.8629,30.2657 ], [ -81.6748,30.2657 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"12","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b98cde4b08c986b31c143","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poppe, L. J.","contributorId":72782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poppe","given":"L.","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Popenoe, P.","contributorId":105434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Popenoe","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Poag, C. W.","contributorId":16402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poag","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Swift, B.A.","contributorId":32937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swift","given":"B.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70019046,"text":"70019046 - 1995 - Fluid-inclusion evidence for past temperature fluctuations in the Kilauea East Rift Zone geothermal area, Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-15T10:37:23","indexId":"70019046","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1828,"text":"Geothermics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fluid-inclusion evidence for past temperature fluctuations in the Kilauea East Rift Zone geothermal area, Hawaii","docAbstract":"<p><span>Heating and freezing data were obtained for fluid inclusions in hydrothermal quartz, calcite, and anhydrite from several depths in three scientific observation holes drilled along the lower East Rift Zone of Kilauea volcano, Hawaii. Compositions of the inclusion fluids range from dilute meteoric water to highly modified sea water concentrated by boiling. Comparison of measured drill-hole temperatures with fluid-inclusion homogenization-temperature (</span><i>T</i><sub>h</sub><span>) data indicates that only about 15% of the fluid inclusions could have formed under the present thermal conditions. The majority of fluid inclusions studied must have formed during one or more times in the past when temperatures fluctuated in response to the emplacement of nearby dikes and their subsequent cooling. The fluid-inclusion data indicate that past temperatures in SOH-4 well were as much as 64°C hotter than present temperatures between 1000 and 1500 m depth and they were a maximum of 68°C cooler than present temperatures below 1500 m depth. Similarly, the data show that past temperatures near the bottoms of SOH-1 and SOH-2 wells were up to 45 and 59°C, respectively, cooler than the present thermal conditions; however, the remainder of fluid-inclusion&nbsp;</span><i>T</i><sub>h</sub><span>&nbsp;values for these two drill holes suggest that the temperatures of the trapped waters were nearly the same as the present temperatures at these slightly shallower depths. Several hydrothermal minerals (erionite, mordenite, truscottite, smectite, chlorite-smectite, chalcedony, anhydrite, and hematite), occurring in the drill holes at higher temperatures than they are found in geothermal drill holes of Iceland or other geothermal areas, provide additional evidence for a recent heating trend.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0375-6505(95)00034-8","issn":"03756505","usgsCitation":"Bargar, K.E., Keith, T.E., and Trusdell, F., 1995, Fluid-inclusion evidence for past temperature fluctuations in the Kilauea East Rift Zone geothermal area, Hawaii: Geothermics, v. 24, no. 5-6, p. 639-659, https://doi.org/10.1016/0375-6505(95)00034-8.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"639","endPage":"659","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":226359,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"5-6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a127ae4b0c8380cd5430b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bargar, Keith E.","contributorId":9643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bargar","given":"Keith","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Keith, Terry E.C.","contributorId":79099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keith","given":"Terry","email":"","middleInitial":"E.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Trusdell, Frank A. 0000-0002-0681-0528 trusdell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0681-0528","contributorId":754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trusdell","given":"Frank A.","email":"trusdell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":381513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70018735,"text":"70018735 - 1995 - Rainfall thresholds for the initiation of debris flows at La Honda, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-17T15:25:36.166327","indexId":"70018735","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1574,"text":"Environmental & Engineering Geoscience","printIssn":"1078-7275","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rainfall thresholds for the initiation of debris flows at La Honda, California","docAbstract":"<p>In order to study the relation between heavy rainfall, shallow pore pressures, and slope stability in hillslopes susceptible to debris flows, we have been observing debris flows and measuring rainfall and hillslope pore pressures in a 10-km<sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>study area in the central Santa Cruz Mountains near La Honda, California. A simple numerical model, based on the physical analogy of a leaky barrel, can simulate significant features of the interaction between rainfall and shallow-hillslope pore pressures. In the model, the barrel is filled at a rate equal to the rainfall intensity and drained at a rate equal to the product of the water level retained in the barrel, Z, times the drainage coefficient, k<sub>d</sub>. If the retained rainfall exceeds a critical water level, Z<sub>c</sub>, the slope becomes unstable. Thus, the threshold for the intensity and duration of storm rainfall required to initiate debris flows is determined by the k<sub>d</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>and Z<sub>c</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>values of the most susceptible slopes in the study area.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Environmental Engineering Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gseegeosci.I.1.11","usgsCitation":"Wilson, R.C., and Wieczorek, G.F., 1995, Rainfall thresholds for the initiation of debris flows at La Honda, California: Environmental & Engineering Geoscience, v. 1, no. 1, p. 11-27, https://doi.org/10.2113/gseegeosci.I.1.11.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"11","endPage":"27","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":269309,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://eeg.geoscienceworld.org/content/1/1/11.short"},{"id":227445,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.30083979814364,\n              37.28509194071739\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.30083979814364,\n              37.14308592344695\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.06990826936038,\n              37.14308592344695\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.06990826936038,\n              37.28509194071739\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.30083979814364,\n              37.28509194071739\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"1","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9465e4b0c8380cd813ab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, R. C.","contributorId":50889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":380589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wieczorek, G. F.","contributorId":50143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wieczorek","given":"G.","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":380588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70018731,"text":"70018731 - 1995 - Measurements in the bottom boundary layer on the Amazon subaqueous delta","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-08T17:36:57.965842","indexId":"70018731","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Measurements in the bottom boundary layer on the Amazon subaqueous delta","docAbstract":"An instrumented bottom tripod (GEOPROBE) recorded flow and suspended sediment data in the bottom boundary layer above the lower foresets of the Amazon subaqueous delta in 65 m mean water depth in February, 1990. After about two weeks of operation the apparent seafloor at the tripod site rapidly elevated over a 14-hour period by about 44 cm. This sudden change, which was detected by an acoustic altimeter and which caused the loss of signals from the lowermost GEOPROBE current and optical sensors, is though to have been caused by the incursion of a dense bottom layer of fluid mud that migrated downslope from shallower sections of the foresets. The fluid-mud migration across the outer part of the foresets, if a repetitive and occasional process in this region, could be a major mechanism for episodic seaward growth of the delta. Current velocity profiles are used to estimate shear velocities, u*, and roughness lengths, zo, during the first two weeks of measurements. -from Authors","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0025-3227(95)00014-P","issn":"00253227","usgsCitation":"Cacchione, D., Drake, D., Kayen, R., Sternberg, R., Kineke, G., and Tate, G.B., 1995, Measurements in the bottom boundary layer on the Amazon subaqueous delta: Marine Geology, v. 125, no. 3-4, p. 235-257, https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(95)00014-P.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"235","endPage":"257","numberOfPages":"23","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227401,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"125","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5324e4b0c8380cd6c8d9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cacchione, D.A.","contributorId":65448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cacchione","given":"D.A.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":380576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Drake, D.E.","contributorId":48150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drake","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":380574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kayen, R.W.","contributorId":57615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kayen","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":380575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sternberg, R.W.","contributorId":90872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sternberg","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":380577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kineke, G.C.","contributorId":12214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kineke","given":"G.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":380572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Tate, G. B.","contributorId":46119,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tate","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":380573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70019051,"text":"70019051 - 1995 - Sulfur geochemistry of organic-rich sediments from Mud Lake, Florida, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-20T17:18:27","indexId":"70019051","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sulfur geochemistry of organic-rich sediments from Mud Lake, Florida, USA","docAbstract":"The cores include the upper 4 m of sediment, which consist of four major horizons based on petrographic analyses of the organic material. Systematic changes in the isotopic composition of sedimentary disulfide and organic sulfur coincide with variations in the sulfur species and vegetation types. The transition to sapropel is accompanied by a large negative shift in disulfide ??34S- values, consistent with an increase in sulfate availability and a slower rate of sulfate reduction. -from Authors","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0009-2541(94)00122-O","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Bates, A., Spkker, E., Hatcher, P.G., Stout, S., and Weintraub, V., 1995, Sulfur geochemistry of organic-rich sediments from Mud Lake, Florida, USA: Chemical Geology, v. 121, no. 1-4, p. 245-262, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(94)00122-O.","startPage":"245","endPage":"262","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":266051,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(94)00122-O"},{"id":226449,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"121","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9dd8e4b08c986b31db06","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bates, A. L. 0000-0002-4875-4675","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4875-4675","contributorId":42357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bates","given":"A. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Spkker, E.C.","contributorId":9779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spkker","given":"E.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hatcher, Patrick G.","contributorId":93625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatcher","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stout, S.A.","contributorId":61578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stout","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Weintraub, V.C.","contributorId":17381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weintraub","given":"V.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70018727,"text":"70018727 - 1995 - Glacial removal of late Cenozoic subglacially emplaced volcanic edifices by the West Antarctic ice sheet","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-20T12:50:44","indexId":"70018727","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Glacial removal of late Cenozoic subglacially emplaced volcanic edifices by the West Antarctic ice sheet","docAbstract":"Local maxima of the horizontal gradient of pseudogravity from closely spaced aeromagnetic surveys over the Ross Sea, northwestern Ross Ice Shelf, and the West Antarctic ice sheet, reveal a linear magnetic rift fabric and numerous subcircular, high-amplitude anomalies. Geophysical data indicate two or three youthful volcanic edifices at widely separated areas beneath the sea and ice cover in the West Antarctic rift system. In contrast, we suggest glacial removal of edifices of volcanic sources of many more anomalies. Magnetic models, controlled by marine seismic reflection and radar ice-sounding data, allow us to infer that glacial removal of the associated late Cenozoic volcanic edifices (probably debris, comprising pillow breccias, and hyaloclastites) has occurred essentially concomitantly with their subglacial eruption. \"Removal' of unconsolidated volcanic debris erupted beneath the ice is probably a more appropriate term than \"erosion', given its fragmented, ice-contact origin. The exposed volcanoes may have been protected from erosion by the surrounding ice sheet because of more competent rock or high elevation above the ice sheet. -from Authors","language":"English","publisher":"GeoScienceWorld","doi":"10.1130/0091-7613(1995)023<1111:GROLCS>2.3.CO;2","issn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"Behrendt, J.C., Blankenship, D.D., Damaske, D., and Cooper, A.K., 1995, Glacial removal of late Cenozoic subglacially emplaced volcanic edifices by the West Antarctic ice sheet: Geology, v. 23, no. 12, p. 1111-1114, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1995)023<1111:GROLCS>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1111","endPage":"1114","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":227357,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Ross Sea","volume":"23","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a290be4b0c8380cd5a62c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Behrendt, John C. jbehrendt@usgs.gov","contributorId":25945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Behrendt","given":"John","email":"jbehrendt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":213,"text":"Crustal Imaging and Characterization Team","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":380562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blankenship, D. D.","contributorId":29012,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blankenship","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":380563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Damaske, D.","contributorId":66771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Damaske","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":380565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cooper, A. K.","contributorId":50149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooper","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":380564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70019053,"text":"70019053 - 1995 - Modeling photosynthetically active radiation in water of Tampa Bay, Florida, with emphasis on the geometry of incident irradiance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-13T20:47:31","indexId":"70019053","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1587,"text":"Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling photosynthetically active radiation in water of Tampa Bay, Florida, with emphasis on the geometry of incident irradiance","docAbstract":"A model is developed that uses a simplified geometric description of incident direct solar beam and diffuse skylight. The model incorporates effects of solar elevation angle and cloudiness on the amount of in-air photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) that passes through the air-water interface and on K0 in waters of relatively low turbidity. The value of K0 was estimated to vary as much as 41% on a clear summer day due to changes in solar elevation angle. The model was used to make estimates of the depth to which sea-grasses might receive adequate light for survival for a range of values of K0. -from Authors","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1006/ecss.1995.0025","usgsCitation":"Miller, R.L., and McPherson, B.F., 1995, Modeling photosynthetically active radiation in water of Tampa Bay, Florida, with emphasis on the geometry of incident irradiance: Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, v. 40, no. 4, p. 359-377, https://doi.org/10.1006/ecss.1995.0025.","startPage":"359","endPage":"377","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":269298,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1006/ecss.1995.0025"},{"id":226451,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"40","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5c1be4b0c8380cd6fa3a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, R. L.","contributorId":54178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McPherson, B. F.","contributorId":62983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McPherson","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70019054,"text":"70019054 - 1995 - Slug tests in unconfined formations: An assessment of the bouwer and rice technique","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-18T23:50:32.234855","indexId":"70019054","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Slug tests in unconfined formations: An assessment of the bouwer and rice technique","docAbstract":"<div class=\"abstract-group \"><div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>The slug test is one of the most common techniques for the in situ estimation of hydraulic conductivity in unconfined flow systems. Recently, a mathematical model describing the flow of ground water in response to a slug test in an unconfined flow system has been proposed. This model incorporates the effects of partial penetration, anisotropy, an upper constant-head boundary, and, in its most complete form, well skins of either higher or lower permeability than the formation itself. This model is useful in identifying conditions when conventional approaches (i.e., the Bouwer and Rice model) introduce large errors into parameter estimates. For slug tests performed in homogeneous, isotropic formations that would be classified as aquifers, the Bouwer and Rice model provides estimates within 30% of actual field values. In less-permeable, clay-rich formations, however, estimates may overpredict formation conductivity by more than 100%. The Bouwer and Rice model introduces the largest error (can easily exceed an order of magnitude) in the presence of a low-permeability skin. Uncertainty about anisotropy can also be the source of considerable error. The semianalytical solution to the mathematical model described here can be employed for parameter estimation under conditions when the Bouwer and Rice model introduces unacceptably large errors into parameter estimates. This solution can be rapidly evaluated, allowing easy incorporation into an automated well-test analysis package and/or ready generation of type curves.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"National Groundwater Association","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1995.tb00258.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Hyder, Z., and Butler, J., 1995, Slug tests in unconfined formations: An assessment of the bouwer and rice technique: Groundwater, v. 33, no. 1, p. 16-22, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1995.tb00258.x.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"16","endPage":"22","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226452,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-08-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9176e4b08c986b319903","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hyder, Z.","contributorId":44673,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hyder","given":"Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Butler, J.J. Jr.","contributorId":12194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butler","given":"J.J.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70019056,"text":"70019056 - 1995 - North Atlantic deepwater temperature change during late pliocene and late quaternary climatic cycles","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-10T16:30:56","indexId":"70019056","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"North Atlantic deepwater temperature change during late pliocene and late quaternary climatic cycles","docAbstract":"<p><span>Variations in the ratio of magnesium to calcium (Mg/Ca) in fossil ostracodes from Deep Sea Drilling Project Site 607 in the deep North Atlantic show that the change in bottom water temperature during late Pliocene 41,000-year obliquity cycles averaged 1.5°C between 3.2 and 2.8 million years ago (Ma) and increased to 2.3°C between 2.8 and 2.3 Ma, coincidentally with the intensification of Northern Hemisphere glaciation. During the last two 100,000-year glacial-to-interglacial climatic cycles of the Quaternary, bottom water temperatures changed by 4.5°C. These results show that glacial deepwater cooling has intensified since 3.2 Ma, most likely as the result of progressively diminished deep-water production in the North Atlantic and of the greater influence of Antarctic bottom water in the North Atlantic during glacial periods. The ostracode Mg/Ca data also allow the direct determination of the temperature component of the benthic foraminiferal oxygen isotope record from Site 607, as well as derivation of a hypothetical sea-level curve for the late Pliocene and late Quaternary. The effects of dissolution on the Mg/Ca ratios of ostracode shells appear to have been minimal.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.270.5240.1347","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Dwyer, G., Cronin, T.M., Baker, P., Raymo, M., Buzas, J.S., and Correge, T., 1995, North Atlantic deepwater temperature change during late pliocene and late quaternary climatic cycles: Science, v. 270, no. 5240, p. 1347-1351, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.270.5240.1347.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"1347","endPage":"1351","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487242,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6997","text":"External Repository"},{"id":226494,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"270","issue":"5240","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6825e4b0c8380cd7362a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dwyer, Gary S.","contributorId":67642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dwyer","given":"Gary S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cronin, T. M. 0000-0002-2643-0979","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2643-0979","contributorId":42613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronin","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":381540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baker, P.A.","contributorId":55148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"P.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Raymo, M.E.","contributorId":21702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raymo","given":"M.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Buzas, Jeffrey S.","contributorId":86080,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buzas","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Correge, T.","contributorId":6602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Correge","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70018726,"text":"70018726 - 1995 - Implications of uncertainty in exposure assessment for groundwater contamination","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:27","indexId":"70018726","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Implications of uncertainty in exposure assessment for groundwater contamination","docAbstract":"Decision-making on regulation, mitigation, and treatment of drinking water contamination depends, in part, on estimates of human exposure. Assessment of past, present and potential future exposure levels requires quantitative characterization of the contaminant sources, the transport of contaminants and the level of actual human exposure to the contaminated water. Failure to consider the uncertainties in these three components of exposure assessment can lead to poor decisions such as implementing an inappropriate mitigation strategy or failing to regulate an important contaminant. Three examples from US Geological Survey hydrogeologic studies in southern California are presented to illustrate some of the unique uncertainties associated with exposure assessment for groundwater contamination.","largerWorkTitle":"IAHS-AISH Publication","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the International Symposium on Assessing and Managing Health Risks from Drinking Water Contamination: Approaches and Applications","conferenceDate":"13 September 1994 through 17 September 1994","conferenceLocation":"Rome, Italy","language":"English","publisher":"IAHS","publisherLocation":"Wallingford, United Kingdom","issn":"01447815","usgsCitation":"Reichard, E.G., Izbicki, J., and Martin, P., 1995, Implications of uncertainty in exposure assessment for groundwater contamination, <i>in</i> IAHS-AISH Publication, no. 233, Rome, Italy, 13 September 1994 through 17 September 1994, p. 211-219.","startPage":"211","endPage":"219","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227356,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"233","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3930e4b0c8380cd61835","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reichard, Eric G. 0000-0002-7310-3866 egreich@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7310-3866","contributorId":1207,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reichard","given":"Eric","email":"egreich@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":380560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Izbicki, John A. 0000-0003-0816-4408 jaizbick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0816-4408","contributorId":1375,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Izbicki","given":"John A.","email":"jaizbick@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":380561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Martin, Peter pmmartin@usgs.gov","contributorId":799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Peter","email":"pmmartin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":380559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70018725,"text":"70018725 - 1995 - The structural and geochemical evolution of the continental crust: Support for the oceanic plateau model of continental growth","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-05T15:36:50.570876","indexId":"70018725","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3283,"text":"Reviews of Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The structural and geochemical evolution of the continental crust: Support for the oceanic plateau model of continental growth","docAbstract":"<div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>The problem of the origin of the continental crust can be resolved into two fundamental questions: (1) the location and mechanisms of initial mantle extraction of the primitive crust and (2) the processes by which this primitive crust is converted into the continental crust that presently exists. We know that Archean continental crust is compositionally distinct from younger continental crust. Archean magmatism was dominantly bimodal, mafic thoeleiitic plus dacitic, heavy rare earth element depleted, in contrast to the dominantly unimodal, roughly andesitic calc‐alkaline magmatism on younger crust [<i>Taylor and McLennan</i>, 1985;<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Condie</i>, 1989]. The problem is whether these compositional differences are primarily due to different mechanisms of crustal extraction from the mantle or to different mechanisms of differentiation and alteration of newly formed continental crust.</p></div>","largerWorkTitle":"","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/95RG00551","issn":"87551209","usgsCitation":"Abbott, D., and Mooney, W.D., 1995, The structural and geochemical evolution of the continental crust: Support for the oceanic plateau model of continental growth: Reviews of Geophysics, v. 33, no. SUPPL. 1, p. 231-242, https://doi.org/10.1029/95RG00551.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"231","endPage":"242","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479287,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/95rg00551","text":"External Repository"},{"id":227355,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"SUPPL. 1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-12-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb093e4b08c986b324f4a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Abbott, D.","contributorId":96031,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abbott","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":380558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mooney, Walter D. 0000-0002-5310-3631 mooney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5310-3631","contributorId":3194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mooney","given":"Walter","email":"mooney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":380557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70019063,"text":"70019063 - 1995 - Seismic images of the Brooks Range, Arctic Alaska, reveal crustal- scale duplexing","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-21T22:41:33.390943","indexId":"70019063","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismic images of the Brooks Range, Arctic Alaska, reveal crustal- scale duplexing","docAbstract":"<div id=\"120857559\" class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \" data-section-parent-id=\"0\"><p>An integrated set of seismic reflection and refraction data collected across the Brooks Range, Arctic Alaska, in 1990, has yielded a composite image of this Mesozoic and Cenozoic fold-and-thrust belt that reveals duplexing to lower-crustal depths. Interpretations from this image are as follows. (1) Many terranes and subterranes that were amalgamated in the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous extend no deeper than the upper crust (3–10 km). (2) In contrast, crustal duplexing, extending to nearly 30 km depth above a south-dipping basal decollement, has produced latest Cretaceous to Cenozoic antiforms, including the Doonerak antiform in the central Brooks Range and anticlinoria near the northern range front. (3) The duplexing occurs in basement rocks of the North Slope subterrane, which core the antiforms. (4) North-dipping structures in the middle crust of the Yukon-Koyukuk basin and southern Brooks Range may postdate Mesozoic terrane amalgamation and predate or coincide with the duplexing. (5) The thickest crust, 50 km, occurs beneath the north-central Brooks Range, north of the root zone of the basal decollement. The position of the thickest crust may indicate that either the duplexed crust above the decollement was thrust onto and depressed the plate beneath the North Slope or the protracted tectonic history of the Brooks Range has left structures not simply explainable in terms of a single collisional event.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0091-7613(1995)023<0065:SIOTBR>2.3.CO;2","issn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"Fuis, G., Levander, A.R., Lutter, W.J., Wissinger, E.S., Moore, T., and Christensen, N., 1995, Seismic images of the Brooks Range, Arctic Alaska, reveal crustal- scale duplexing: Geology, v. 23, no. 1, p. 65-68, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1995)023<0065:SIOTBR>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"65","endPage":"68","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226625,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8b22e4b08c986b317608","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fuis, G. S.","contributorId":83131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuis","given":"G. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Levander, A. R.","contributorId":104644,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Levander","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lutter, W. J.","contributorId":90361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lutter","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wissinger, E. S.","contributorId":86496,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wissinger","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Moore, Thomas E. 0000-0002-0878-0457","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0878-0457","contributorId":85592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Thomas E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Christensen, N.I.","contributorId":28016,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christensen","given":"N.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70019064,"text":"70019064 - 1995 - Channel degradation in southeastern Nebraska Rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:15","indexId":"70019064","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Channel degradation in southeastern Nebraska Rivers","docAbstract":"Many stream channels in southeastern Nebraska were dredged and straightened during 1904-15. The resulting channels were both shorter and steeper than the original channels. Tests for time trends were conducted using the nonparametric Kendall tau test to see if the channels have responded to these changes. Tests were conducted on the stages associated with specific discharges and on measurement characteristics at gaging stations. Tests also were conducted on hydrologic forcing variables (annual mean precipitation, annual peak discharges, annual mean discharge, and annual mean base flows). The null hypothesis (that the data were free from trend) was rejected for stages associated with the mean of the annual discharges for 6 of 7 gaging stations in the study area, but was accepted for all 3 gages on the main stem of the Missouri River. The trends at the 6 streamflow gaging stations were for decreasing stages (degrading channels) for specific discharges. The rates of change ranged from about 0.2 to 0.5 m per decade. Mean stream bed elevations computed for individual discharge measurements at these streamflow gaging stations confirmed that the channels are degrading. However, neither the precipitation nor flow variables show evidence of trends. The tendency for the channels to degrade thus cannot be attributed to changes in runoff characteristics and are assumed to be a response to the channel modifications in the early 1900's. Indications are that the channels presently are continuing to degrade.","largerWorkTitle":"Watershed Management Symposium - Proceedings","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the 1995 Watershed Management Symposium","conferenceDate":"14 August 1995 through 16 August 1995","conferenceLocation":"San Antonio, TX, USA","language":"English","publisher":"ASCE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, United States","usgsCitation":"Wahl, K.L., and Weiss, L.S., 1995, Channel degradation in southeastern Nebraska Rivers, <i>in</i> Watershed Management Symposium - Proceedings, San Antonio, TX, USA, 14 August 1995 through 16 August 1995, p. 250-259.","startPage":"250","endPage":"259","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226626,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f451e4b0c8380cd4bc74","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Ward Rim J.","contributorId":128413,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Ward Rim J.","id":536445,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Wahl, Kenneth L.","contributorId":61024,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wahl","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Weiss, Linda S. lsweiss@usgs.gov","contributorId":2955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weiss","given":"Linda","email":"lsweiss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":381567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70019123,"text":"70019123 - 1995 - Seafloor environments within the Boston Harbor-Massachusetts Bay sedimentary system: a regional synthesis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:15","indexId":"70019123","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2220,"text":"Journal of Coastal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seafloor environments within the Boston Harbor-Massachusetts Bay sedimentary system: a regional synthesis","docAbstract":"Modern seafloor sedimentary environments within the glaciated, topographically complex Boston Harbor and Massachusetts Bay area have been interpreted and mapped from an extensive collection of sidescan sonar records and supplemental marine geologic data. Three categories of environments are present that reflect the dominant long-term processes of erosion or nondeposition, deposition, and sediment reworking. Indicates areas within the Boston Harbor-Massachusetts Bay sedimentary system where fine-grained sediments and associated contaminants are likely to be either moved or deposited. It also provides a guide to the locations and variability of benthic habitats. -from Authors","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Coastal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"07490208","usgsCitation":"Knebel, H., and Circe, R., 1995, Seafloor environments within the Boston Harbor-Massachusetts Bay sedimentary system: a regional synthesis: Journal of Coastal Research, v. 11, no. 1, p. 230-251.","startPage":"230","endPage":"251","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226861,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b882be4b08c986b316832","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knebel, H.J.","contributorId":79092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knebel","given":"H.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Circe, R.C.","contributorId":90300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Circe","given":"R.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70019135,"text":"70019135 - 1995 - Petrography and mineral chemistry of the composite Deboullie Pluton, northern Maine, USA: implications for the genesis of Cu-Mo mineralization","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-20T17:20:07","indexId":"70019135","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Petrography and mineral chemistry of the composite Deboullie Pluton, northern Maine, USA: implications for the genesis of Cu-Mo mineralization","docAbstract":"Biotite and apatite mineral chemistry, particularly halogen abundances and ratios, are used to investigate the relation of the two contrasting parts of the Deboullie composite pluton (syenite-granodiorite) located in northern Maine. Biotite mineral chemistry helps to classify the weakly developed porphyry-style mineralization (Cu-Mo) associated with syenitic rocks of the Deboullie pluton. Biotite and apatite occur within the matrix of the rocks and within small multiphase inclusions hosted by clinopyroxene. The inclusions are interpreted to be crystallized melt inclusions rather than solid inclusions, that were trapped by clinopyroxene during growth. The multiphase inclusions consist of K-feldspar + quartz + biotite + apatite + magnetite. On a regional scale, biotite compositions from granitic plutons in Maine do not vary in a systematic manner. -from Authors","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0009-2541(95)00040-S","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Loferski, P., and Ayuso, R., 1995, Petrography and mineral chemistry of the composite Deboullie Pluton, northern Maine, USA: implications for the genesis of Cu-Mo mineralization: Chemical Geology, v. 123, no. 1-4, p. 89-105, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(95)00040-S.","startPage":"89","endPage":"105","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":266052,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(95)00040-S"},{"id":226278,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"123","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a77a0e4b0c8380cd7853d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Loferski, P. J.","contributorId":12841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loferski","given":"P. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ayuso, R. A. 0000-0002-8496-9534","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8496-9534","contributorId":27079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ayuso","given":"R. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70019136,"text":"70019136 - 1995 - Effect of ground-water/surface-water interactions on nitrate concentrations in discharge from the South Platte River alluvial aquifer, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:16","indexId":"70019136","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Effect of ground-water/surface-water interactions on nitrate concentrations in discharge from the South Platte River alluvial aquifer, Colorado","docAbstract":"Concentrations of dissolved nitrate in recharge-area water from a 200-km2 segment of the South Platte River alluvial aquifer near Greeley, Colorado, range from less than 0.1 to 58 mg/l as nitrogen, and the median concentration is 26 mg/l as nitrogen. Hydraulic-head data indicate that this nitrate-enriched ground water move toward the South Platte River. However, the median concentration of nitrate in ground water from the discharge area is only about 9 mg/l as nitrogen. Moreover, measurements of dissolved oxygen, nitrogen gas, nitrate, and nitrate-nitrogen isotope ratios are then taken, and comparison between chloride and silica concentrations in river and ground waters are also made.","largerWorkTitle":"International Symposium on Groundwater Management - Proceedings","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the International Symposium on Groundwater Management","conferenceDate":"14 August 1995 through 16 August 1995","conferenceLocation":"San Antonio, TX, USA","language":"English","publisher":"ASCE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, United States","usgsCitation":"McMahon, P., and Böhlke, J., 1995, Effect of ground-water/surface-water interactions on nitrate concentrations in discharge from the South Platte River alluvial aquifer, Colorado, <i>in</i> International Symposium on Groundwater Management - Proceedings, San Antonio, TX, USA, 14 August 1995 through 16 August 1995, p. 156-158.","startPage":"156","endPage":"158","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226318,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a05e5e4b0c8380cd50ff5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McMahon, P.B. 0000-0001-7452-2379","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7452-2379","contributorId":10762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McMahon","given":"P.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Böhlke, J.K. 0000-0001-5693-6455","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":96696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Böhlke","given":"J.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70018861,"text":"70018861 - 1995 - Chemistry and petrography of calcite in the KTB pilot borehole, Bavarian Oberpfalz, Germany","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-12T12:29:48","indexId":"70018861","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chemistry and petrography of calcite in the KTB pilot borehole, Bavarian Oberpfalz, Germany","docAbstract":"The KTB pilot borehole in northeast Bavaria, Germany, penetrates 4000 m of gneiss, amphibolite, and subordinate calc-silicate, lamprophyre and metagabbro. There are three types of calcite in the drilled section: 1) metamorphic calcite in calc-silicate and marble; 2) crack-filling calcite in all lithologies; and 3) replacement calcite in altered minerals. Crack-filling and replacement calcite postdate metamorphic calcite. Multiple calcite generations in individual cracks suggest that different generations of water repeatedly flowed through the same cracks. Crack-filling mineral assemblages that include calcite originally formed at temperatures of 150-350??C. Presently, crack-filling calcite is in chemical and isotopic equilibrium with saline to brackish water in the borehole at temperatures of ???120??C. The saline to brackish water contains a significant proportion of meteoric water. Re-equilibration of crack-filling calcite to lower temperatures means that calcite chemistry tells us little about water-rock interactions in the crystal section of temperatures higher than ~120??C. -from Author","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0009-2541(95)00063-R","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Komor, S., 1995, Chemistry and petrography of calcite in the KTB pilot borehole, Bavarian Oberpfalz, Germany: Chemical Geology, v. 124, no. 3-4, p. 199-215, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(95)00063-R.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"199","endPage":"215","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":226345,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":266050,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(95)00063-R"}],"volume":"124","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f5a6e4b0c8380cd4c342","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Komor, S.C.","contributorId":21182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Komor","given":"S.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":380956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70018867,"text":"70018867 - 1995 - The generalized 20/80 law using probabilistic fractals applied to petroleum field size","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:14","indexId":"70018867","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2879,"text":"Nonrenewable Resources","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The generalized 20/80 law using probabilistic fractals applied to petroleum field size","docAbstract":"Fractal properties of the Pareto probability distribution are used to generalize \"the 20/80 law.\" The 20/80 law is a heuristic law that has evolved over the years into the following rule of thumb for many populations: 20 percent of the population accounts for 80 percent of the total value. The general p100/q100 law in probabilistic form is defined with q as a function of p, where p is the population proportion and q is the proportion of total value. Using the Pareto distribution, the p100/q100 law in fractal form is derived with the parameter q being a fractal, where q unexpectedly possesses the scale invariance property. The 20/80 law is a special case of the p100/q100 law in fractal form. The p100/q100 law in fractal form is applied to petroleum fieldsize data to obtain p and q such that p100% of the oil fields greater than any specified scale or size in a geologic play account for q100% of the total oil of the fields. The theoretical percentages of total resources of oil using the fractal q are extremely close to the empirical percentages from the data using the statistic q. Also, the empirical scale invariance property of the statistic q for the petroleum fieldsize data is in excellent agreement with the theoretical scale invariance property of the fractal q. ?? 1995 Oxford University Press.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nonrenewable Resources","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Kluwer Academic Publishers","doi":"10.1007/BF02257575","issn":"09611444","usgsCitation":"Crovelli, R., 1995, The generalized 20/80 law using probabilistic fractals applied to petroleum field size: Nonrenewable Resources, v. 4, no. 3, p. 233-241, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02257575.","startPage":"233","endPage":"241","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205718,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02257575"},{"id":226392,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bac3ce4b08c986b32336a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crovelli, R. A.","contributorId":40969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crovelli","given":"R. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":380975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70018857,"text":"70018857 - 1995 - Fate, bioavailability and toxicity of silver in estuarine environments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-25T09:41:59","indexId":"70018857","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2676,"text":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fate, bioavailability and toxicity of silver in estuarine environments","docAbstract":"<p>The chemistry and bioavailability of Ag contribute to its high toxicity in marine and estuarine waters. Silver is unusual, in that both the dominant speciation reaction in seawater and the processes important in sorbing Ag in sediments favour enhanced bioavailability. Formation of a stable chloro complex favours dispersal of dissolved Ag, and the abundant chloro complex is available to biota. Sequestration by sediments also occurs, but with relatively slow kinetics. Amorphous aggregated coatings enhance Ag accumulation in sediments, as well as Ag uptake from sediments by deposit feeders. In estuaries, the bioaccumulation of Ag increases 56-fold with each unit of increased Ag concentration in sediments. Toxicity for sensitive marine species occurs at absolute concentrations as low as those observed for any nonalkylated metal, partly because bioaccumulation increases so steeply with contamination. The environmental window of tolerance to Ag in estuaries could be narrower than for many elements.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0025-326X(95)00081-W","issn":"0025326X","usgsCitation":"Luoma, S., Ho, Y., and Bryan, G., 1995, Fate, bioavailability and toxicity of silver in estuarine environments: Marine Pollution Bulletin, v. 31, no. 1-3, p. 44-54, https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-326X(95)00081-W.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"44","endPage":"54","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":205812,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0025-326X(95)00081-W"},{"id":226935,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0f15e4b0c8380cd5375a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Luoma, S. N.","contributorId":86353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luoma","given":"S. N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":380945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ho, Y.B.","contributorId":27208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ho","given":"Y.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":380943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bryan, G.W.","contributorId":84402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bryan","given":"G.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":380944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
]}