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","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr96291","usgsCitation":"Carr, M.D., Sawyer, D.A., Nimz, K., Maldonado, F., and Swadley, W.C., 1996, Digital bedrock geologic map database of the Beatty 30 x 60-minute quadrangle, Nevada and California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-291, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96291.","productDescription":"HTML Document","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":163681,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":397819,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_22661.htm"},{"id":8726,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/of96-291/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"100000","country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Beatty 30 X 60-minute quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117,36.5 ], [ -117,37 ], [ -116,37 ], [ -116,36.5 ], [ -117,36.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65d5d9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carr, Michael D.","contributorId":106178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carr","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":208167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sawyer, David A. dsawyer@usgs.gov","contributorId":1262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sawyer","given":"David","email":"dsawyer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":208164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nimz, Kathryn","contributorId":6503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nimz","given":"Kathryn","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":208165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Maldonado, Florian fmaldona@usgs.gov","contributorId":805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maldonado","given":"Florian","email":"fmaldona@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":208163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Swadley, W. C.","contributorId":46940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swadley","given":"W.","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":208166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":22531,"text":"ofr96227 - 1996 - Willamette Basin, Oregon; nitrogen in streams and ground water, 1980-90","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-07T10:00:03","indexId":"ofr96227","displayToPublicDate":"2000-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-227","title":"Willamette Basin, Oregon; nitrogen in streams and ground water, 1980-90","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr96227","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Bonn, B., Wentz, D., and Hinkle, S., 1996, Willamette Basin, Oregon; nitrogen in streams and ground water, 1980-90: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-227, 1 sheet [4] p. :col. ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96227.","productDescription":"1 sheet [4] p. :col. ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":155184,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0227/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52031,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0227/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dfe4b07f02db5e3b10","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bonn, Bernadine","contributorId":18022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonn","given":"Bernadine","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wentz, D.A.","contributorId":85206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wentz","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hinkle, S.R.","contributorId":74778,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hinkle","given":"S.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":21971,"text":"ofr96171 - 1996 - MUDMASTER: A Program for Calculating Crystalline Size Distributions and Strain from the Shapes of X-Ray Diffraction Peaks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:45","indexId":"ofr96171","displayToPublicDate":"2000-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-171","title":"MUDMASTER: A Program for Calculating Crystalline Size Distributions and Strain from the Shapes of X-Ray Diffraction Peaks","docAbstract":"Particle size may strongly influence the physical and chemical properties of a substance (e.g. its rheology, surface area, cation exchange capacity, solubility, etc.), and its measurement in rocks may yield geological information about ancient environments (sediment provenance, degree of metamorphism, degree of weathering, current directions, distance to shore, etc.). Therefore mineralogists, geologists, chemists, soil scientists, and others who deal with clay-size material would like to have a convenient method for measuring particle size distributions.\r\n\r\nNano-size crystals generally are too fine to be measured by light microscopy. Laser scattering methods give only average particle sizes; therefore particle size can not be measured in a particular crystallographic direction. Also, the particles measured by laser techniques may be composed of several different minerals, and may be agglomerations of individual crystals. Measurement by electron and atomic force microscopy is tedious, expensive, and time consuming. It is difficult to measure more than a few hundred particles per sample by these methods. This many measurements, often taking several days of intensive effort, may yield an accurate mean size for a sample, but may be too few to determine an accurate distribution of sizes.\r\n\r\nMeasurement of size distributions by X-ray diffraction (XRD) solves these shortcomings. An X-ray scan of a sample occurs automatically, taking a few minutes to a few hours. The resulting XRD peaks average diffraction effects from billions of individual nano-size crystals. The size that is measured by XRD may be related to the size of the individual crystals of the mineral in the sample, rather than to the size of particles formed from the agglomeration of these crystals. Therefore one can determine the size of a particular mineral in a mixture of minerals, and the sizes in a particular crystallographic direction of that mineral.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr96171","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Eberl, D.D., Drits, V., Srodon, J., and Nuesch, R., 1996, MUDMASTER: A Program for Calculating Crystalline Size Distributions and Strain from the Shapes of X-Ray Diffraction Peaks: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-171, Report: 53 p.; FTP Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96171.","productDescription":"Report: 53 p.; FTP Directory","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":152891,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12454,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/of96-171/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db648f27","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eberl, D. D.","contributorId":66282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eberl","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Drits, V. A.","contributorId":41511,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Drits","given":"V. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Srodon, Jan","contributorId":50780,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Srodon","given":"Jan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nuesch, R.","contributorId":97277,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nuesch","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":22247,"text":"ofr96263 - 1996 - USGS response to an urban earthquake, Northridge '94","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-19T21:10:09.909587","indexId":"ofr96263","displayToPublicDate":"2000-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-263","title":"USGS response to an urban earthquake, Northridge '94","docAbstract":"The urban centers of our Nation provide our people with seemingly unlimited employment, social, and cultural opportunities as a result of the complex interactions of a diverse population embedded in an highly-engineered environment. Catastrophic events in one or more of the natural earth systems which underlie or envelop urban environment can have radical effects on the integrity and survivability of that environment. Earthquakes have for centuries been the source of cataclysmic events on cities throughout the world. Unlike many other earth processes, the effects of major earthquakes transcend all political, social, and geomorphic boundaries and can have decided impact on cities tens to hundreds of kilometers from the epicenter. In modern cities, where buildings, transportation corridors, and lifelines are complexly interrelated, the life, economic, and social vulnerabilities in the face of a major earthquake can be particularly acute.
\nThe 1994 Northridge Earthquake was a major test for parts of what many consider the most earthquake-prepared and best-engineered metropolitan region in the United States. While the combined efforts of concerned professionals at all levels of government, academia, and the private sector have produced significant advances in our knowledge of the causes and potential effects of earthquakes, and of ways to reduce their impact, it remains unfortunately true that actual earthquakes provide important opportunities to test those advances in our knowledge.
\nIn the hours and days following the Northridge Earthquake, the four Federal member agencies of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP), the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), the National Institute for Standards and Technology (NIST), the National Science Foundation (NSF), and the United States Geological Survey (USGS) laid out a detailed plan for collecting, analyzing, archiving, and reporting information that would benefit the Nation in future earthquake hazards reduction efforts. Congress provided a special appropriation to FEMA to carry out this plan and FEMA distributed those funds to the four NEHRP agencies. The USGS was responsible for conducting geophysical and geological investigations in support of the NEHRP Post-earthquake Study.
\nFor the past 2 years, the USGS has rigorously pursued over 40 tasks focused on the USGS Northridge Earthquake Mission. This document is a summary report of the USGS findings; additional technical reports on specific USGS tasks are appearing in various scientific journals and USGS publications.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Denver, CO","doi":"10.3133/ofr96263","collaboration":"Prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey for the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)","usgsCitation":"Updike, R.G., Brown, W.M., Johnson, M.L., Omdahl, E.M., Powers, P.S., Rhea, S., and Tarr, A.C., 1996, USGS response to an urban earthquake, Northridge '94: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-263, 78 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96263.","productDescription":"78 p.","numberOfPages":"100","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":420957,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_19439.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":286009,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0263/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":286012,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0263/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Fernando Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.753,\n 34.379\n ],\n [\n -118.753,\n 33.5\n ],\n [\n -117.537,\n 33.5\n ],\n [\n -117.537,\n 34.379\n ],\n [\n -118.753,\n 34.379\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a26e4b07f02db60f90f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Updike, Randall G. updike@usgs.gov","contributorId":334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Updike","given":"Randall","email":"updike@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":529097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, William M. III","contributorId":72365,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"William","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Margo L.","contributorId":54626,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Margo","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Omdahl, Eleanor M.","contributorId":20417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Omdahl","given":"Eleanor","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Powers, Philip S.","contributorId":102078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powers","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rhea, Susan","contributorId":81110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rhea","given":"Susan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Tarr, Arthur C. atarr@usgs.gov","contributorId":1925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tarr","given":"Arthur","email":"atarr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":577583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":22751,"text":"ofr96274 - 1996 - High-resolution seismic-reflection surveys of Lake Baikal, Siberia, 1990-1992","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-27T12:27:35","indexId":"ofr96274","displayToPublicDate":"2000-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-274","title":"High-resolution seismic-reflection surveys of Lake Baikal, Siberia, 1990-1992","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr96274","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Colman, S.M., Foster, D., and Hatton, J., 1996, High-resolution seismic-reflection surveys of Lake Baikal, Siberia, 1990-1992: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-274, 1 computer laser optical disc , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96274.","productDescription":"1 computer laser optical disc ","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":1484,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/of96-274/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":155615,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Russia","otherGeospatial":"Lake Baikal","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 109.75341796875,\n 55.87531083569679\n ],\n [\n 109.13818359375,\n 55.55349545845371\n ],\n [\n 108.9404296875,\n 54.92714186454645\n ],\n [\n 107.86376953125,\n 53.787671844350285\n ],\n [\n 106.6552734375,\n 53.05442186546102\n ],\n [\n 106.0400390625,\n 52.562995039558004\n ],\n [\n 105.18310546875,\n 51.998410382390325\n ],\n [\n 103.6669921875,\n 51.713416052417614\n ],\n [\n 104.65576171875,\n 51.37178037591737\n ],\n [\n 106.2158203125,\n 51.754240074033525\n ],\n [\n 106.36962890624999,\n 52.29504228453735\n ],\n [\n 106.80908203125,\n 52.25470880113083\n ],\n [\n 107.81982421874999,\n 52.70967533219885\n ],\n [\n 108.65478515625,\n 53.25206880589411\n ],\n [\n 109.1162109375,\n 53.409531853086435\n ],\n [\n 109.16015624999999,\n 53.77468884583577\n ],\n [\n 109.6875,\n 54.16243396806779\n ],\n [\n 109.57763671875,\n 54.62297813269033\n ],\n [\n 109.951171875,\n 55.71473455012689\n ],\n [\n 109.75341796875,\n 55.87531083569679\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae1e4b07f02db688778","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Colman, Steven M. 0000-0002-0564-9576","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0564-9576","contributorId":77482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colman","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":188816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Foster, D.S.","contributorId":30641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hatton, Josephine","contributorId":30998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatton","given":"Josephine","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":23079,"text":"ofr96520 - 1996 - Distribution of surficial sediments in Ohio's nearshore (Lake Erie) as interpreted from sidescan sonar and 3.5 kHz subbottom data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-06T20:54:35.124353","indexId":"ofr96520","displayToPublicDate":"1999-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-520","title":"Distribution of surficial sediments in Ohio's nearshore (Lake Erie) as interpreted from sidescan sonar and 3.5 kHz subbottom data","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr96520","usgsCitation":"Fuller, J.A., 1996, Distribution of surficial sediments in Ohio's nearshore (Lake Erie) as interpreted from sidescan sonar and 3.5 kHz subbottom data: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-520, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96520.","productDescription":"20 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":406272,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_22629.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":52445,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0520/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":155576,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0520/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Ohio","otherGeospatial":"Lake Erie","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.56201171875,\n 41.21172151054787\n ],\n [\n -80.66162109375,\n 41.21172151054787\n ],\n [\n -80.66162109375,\n 41.88592102814744\n ],\n [\n -83.56201171875,\n 41.88592102814744\n ],\n [\n -83.56201171875,\n 41.21172151054787\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6de4b07f02db63f451","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fuller, J. 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The data from that study, which are part of this report, are presented in American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) format in subject-specific data files on a Compact Disk-Read Only Memory (CD-ROM). The text of this report describes the objectives of the study, the location of sampling sites, sample-collection and processing techniques, equipment used, laboratory analytical methods, and quality-assurance procedures. The data files on CD-ROM contain the analytical results of water samples collected in the Tualatin River Basin, streamflow measurements of the main-stem Tualatin River and its major tributaries, flow data from the USA wastewater-treatment plants, flow data from stations that divert water from the main-stem Tualatin River, aquatic-biology data, and meteorological data from the Tualatin Valley Irrigation District (TVID) Agrimet Weather Station located in Verboort, Oregon. Specific information regarding the contents of each data file is given in the text. The data files use a series of letter codes that distinguish each line of data. These codes are defined in data tables accompanying the text. Presenting data on CD-ROM offers several advantages: (1) the data can be accessed easily and manipulated by computers, (2) the data can be distributed readily over computer networks, and (3) the data may be more easily transported and stored than a large printed report. These data have been used by the USGS to (1) identify the sources, transport, and fate of nutrients in the Tualatin River Basin, (2) quantify relations among nutrient loads, algal growth, low dissolved-oxygen concentrations, and high pH, and (3) develop and calibrate a water- quality model that allows managers to test options for alleviating water-quality problems.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr96173","usgsCitation":"Doyle, M.C., and Caldwell, J.M., 1996, Water-quality, streamflow, and meteorological data for the Tualatin River Basin, Oregon, 1991-93: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-173, Report: v, 49 p.; 1 Plate:; 30.00 × 28.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96173.","productDescription":"Report: v, 49 p.; 1 Plate:; 30.00 × 28.00 inches","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":407156,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_18591.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":19438,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0173/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":19439,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0173/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":153842,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0173/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Tualatin River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.486,\n 45.26\n ],\n [\n -122.625,\n 45.26\n ],\n [\n -122.625,\n 45.798\n ],\n [\n -123.486,\n 45.798\n ],\n [\n -123.486,\n 45.26\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e3e4b07f02db5e50f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Doyle, M. 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For purposes of the NCRA study, the Nation is divided into regions. Teams of geoscientists, knowledgeable about each region, are developing the data bases and assessing the coal within each region. The five major coal-producing regions of the United States under investigation are: (1) the Appalachian Basin; (2) the Illinois Basin; (3) the Gulf of Mexico Coastal Plain; (4) the Powder River Basin and the Northern Great Plains; and (5) the Rocky Mountains and the Colorado Plateau. Six areas containing coal deposits in the Rocky Mountain and Colorado Plateau Region have been designated as high priority because of their potential for development. This report on the coal resources of the Kaiparowits Plateau is the first of the six to be completed.
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Two frequency bands are considered, 0.5-1.5 Hz and 2.0-6.0 Hz. Instrument characteristics prevented going to lower frequencies, and frequencies above 6.0 Hz are less important to the building inventory. Site response determined at the instrumented locations is associated with the surficial geology and contoured to produce a continuous spatial estimation of site response. 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","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr9631A","usgsCitation":"Ratcliffe, N.M., 1996, Digital bedrock geologic map of the Andover quadrangle, Vermont: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-31, 2 Plates: 30.17 x 32.52 inches and 30.50 x 32.56 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9631A.","productDescription":"2 Plates: 30.17 x 32.52 inches and 30.50 x 32.56 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":108967,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_18573.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"18573"},{"id":60312,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0031a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":164142,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0031a/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"Vermont","otherGeospatial":"Andover quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -72.75,\n 43.375\n ],\n [\n -72.75,\n 43.25\n ],\n [\n -72.625,\n 43.25\n ],\n [\n -72.625,\n 43.375\n ],\n [\n -72.75,\n 43.375\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65d5df","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ratcliffe, Nicholas M. 0000-0002-7922-5784 nratclif@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7922-5784","contributorId":4167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ratcliffe","given":"Nicholas","email":"nratclif@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":208013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":32070,"text":"ofr96253 - 1996 - Preliminary geologic map of the Burbank 7.5' quadrangle, southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-04T20:02:51.75545","indexId":"ofr96253","displayToPublicDate":"1999-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-253","title":"Preliminary geologic map of the Burbank 7.5' quadrangle, southern California","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr96253","usgsCitation":"Yerkes, R., 1996, Preliminary geologic map of the Burbank 7.5' quadrangle, southern California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-253, Report: 7 p.; 1 Plate: 22.00 × 28.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96253.","productDescription":"Report: 7 p.; 1 Plate: 22.00 × 28.00 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":108972,"rank":700,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_18596.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"18596"},{"id":19605,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0253/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":247344,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0253/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":251809,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0253/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Burbank 7.5' quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.375,\n 34.125\n ],\n [\n -118.25,\n 34.125\n ],\n [\n -118.25,\n 34.25\n ],\n [\n -118.375,\n 34.25\n ],\n [\n -118.375,\n 34.125\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67bc85","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yerkes, R.F.","contributorId":105752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yerkes","given":"R.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":32075,"text":"ofr96465 - 1996 - Hydrogeologic framework of western Cape Cod, Massachusetts","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":32075,"text":"ofr96465 - 1996 - Hydrogeologic framework of western Cape Cod, Massachusetts","indexId":"ofr96465","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"title":"Hydrogeologic framework of western Cape Cod, Massachusetts"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":68679,"text":"ha741 - 1997 - Hydrogeologic framework of western Cape Cod, Massachusetts","indexId":"ha741","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"title":"Hydrogeologic framework of western Cape Cod, Massachusetts"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":68679,"text":"ha741 - 1997 - Hydrogeologic framework of western Cape Cod, Massachusetts","indexId":"ha741","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"title":"Hydrogeologic framework of western Cape Cod, Massachusetts"},"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-29T20:33:20.863488","indexId":"ofr96465","displayToPublicDate":"1999-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-465","title":"Hydrogeologic framework of western Cape Cod, Massachusetts","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr96465","usgsCitation":"Masterson, J., Stone, B., Walter, D.A., and Savoie, J., 1996, Hydrogeologic framework of western Cape Cod, Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-465, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96465.","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":163753,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":397803,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_18624.htm"}],"scale":"50000","country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Cape Cod","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.70526123046875,\n 41.51886045990478\n ],\n [\n -70.3509521484375,\n 41.51886045990478\n ],\n [\n -70.3509521484375,\n 41.806125492238664\n ],\n [\n -70.70526123046875,\n 41.806125492238664\n ],\n [\n -70.70526123046875,\n 41.51886045990478\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ee4b07f02db6279b4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Masterson, John P. 0000-0003-3202-4413","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3202-4413","contributorId":102516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masterson","given":"John P.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":207579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stone, B. D. 0000-0001-6092-0798","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6092-0798","contributorId":50919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"B. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walter, D. A.","contributorId":75179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walter","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Savoie, Jennifer G. jsavoie@usgs.gov","contributorId":1691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savoie","given":"Jennifer G.","email":"jsavoie@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":207576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":32078,"text":"ofr96534 - 1996 - Geologic Map of the Cascade Head Area, Northwestern Oregon Coast Range (Neskiwin, Nestucca Bay, Hebo, and Dolph 7.5 minute Quadrangles)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-02T11:07:50","indexId":"ofr96534","displayToPublicDate":"1999-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-534","title":"Geologic Map of the Cascade Head Area, Northwestern Oregon Coast Range (Neskiwin, Nestucca Bay, Hebo, and Dolph 7.5 minute Quadrangles)","docAbstract":"The geology of the Cascade Head area bridges the geology in the Tillamook Highlands to the north (Wells and others, 1994; 1995) with that of the Newport Embayment on the south (Snavely and others, 1976 a,b,c). The four 7.5-minute quadrangles (Neskowin, Nestucca Bay, Hebo, and Dolph) which comprise the Cascade Head area include significant stratigraphic, structural, and igneous data that are essential in unraveling the geology of the northern and central part of the Oregon Coast Range and of the adjacent continental shelf
Earlier studies (Snavely and Vokes, 1949) were of a broad reconnaissance nature because of limited access in this rugged, densely forested part of the Siuslaw National Forest. Also, numerous thick sills of late middle Eocene diabase and middle Miocene basalt mask the Eocene stratigraphic relationships. Previous mapping was hampered by a lack of precise biostratigraphic data. However, recent advances in biostratigraphy and radiometric age dating and geochemistry have provided the necessary tools to decipher stratigraphic and structural relationships in the Eocene sedimentary and volcanic rock sequences (W.W. Rau, personal communication, 1978 to 1988; Bukry and Snavely, 1988).
Many important stratigraphic and igneous relationships are displayed within the Casacde Head area:
(1) turbidite sandstone of the middle Eocene Tyee Formation, which is widespread in the central and southern part of the Oregon Coast Range (Snavely and others, 1964), was not deposited in the western part of the Cascade Head, and is of limited extent north of the map area (Wells and others, 1994);
(2) the late middle Eocene Yamhill Formation, which crops out along the west and east flank of the Oregon Coast Range, overlaps older strata and overlies an erosional unconformity on the lower Eocene Siletz River Volcanics (Snavely and others, 1990; 1991);
(3) thick sills of late middle Eocene diabase (43 Ma) are widespread in the Cascade Head area and also form much of the eastern flank of the Tillamook Highlands (Wells and others, 1994), but are rare south of the map area;
(4) Cascade Head is the northernmost eruptive center of late Eocene alkalic basalts--85 km north of the eruptive center of correlative alkalic flows of the Yachats Basalt in the Newport Embayment (Snavely and Vokes, 1949; Snavely and others, 1990; Barnes and Barnes, 1992; Davis and others, 1995);
(5) early Oligocene (33 Ma) sills and dikes of nepheline syenite and camptonite present in the Newport Embayment (Snavely and Wagner, 1961) are not found in the Cascade Head area;
(6) extensive middle Oligocene (30 Ma) granophyric gabbro sills that are widespread in the central part of the Oregon Coast Range (Snavely and Wagner, 1961; MacLeod, 1969) are not present in the Cascade Head area.
The Cascade Head area is the last segment of the Oregon Coast to receive detailed geologic mapping. Increased logging operations in the 1970's and 1980's created numerous new roadcut exposures and access to exposures in stream beds. More importantly, microfossil biostratigraphic control, available since 1970, based upon foraminifer determinations by W.W. Rau and nannofossil determinations by David Bukry provided critical information on stratigraphic succession as well as on depositional environments of the deep water (bathyal) siltstone units present in much of the Cascade Head area. These paleontologic data also permitted correlations with other sedimentary sequences mapped in the Newport Embayment and in the Tillamook Highlands as well as in western Washington.
New 7.5-minute topographic maps and aerial photographs which became available in the late 1980's provided detailed topography which can be related to the distribution of thick sills and broad landslide areas, as well as a precise geographic relationship of geologic observations in this densely forested and brush-covered terrain.
New geographic information systems (GIS) technology has produced a digitized color map of the Cascade Head area that combines the four 7.5-minute quadrangles that previously were open-filed as separate black and white 7.5-minute quadrangles (Snavely and others, 1990; 1990a; 1991; 1993).
The tectonic framework and stratigraphic architecture presented on the map of the Cascade Head area was obtained by classic geologic field methods. This information could have been obtained only through detailed observation and sampling along stream beds, road cuts, and outcrops. Remote sensing techniques were of minor help in unraveling the geology in this poorly exposed and complex terrain, a terrain that characterizes much of the Oregon and Washington Coast Ranges.
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","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr96526A","usgsCitation":"Ratcliffe, N.M., and Burton, W.C., 1996, Digital bedrock geologic map of the Weston quadrangle, Vermont: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-526, 2 Plates: 30.83 x 32.49 inches and 31.00 x 32.67 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96526A.","productDescription":"2 Plates: 30.83 x 32.49 inches and 31.00 x 32.67 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":108976,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_18639.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"18639"},{"id":60313,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0526a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":164143,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0526a/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"Vermont","otherGeospatial":"Weston quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -72.875,\n 43.375\n ],\n [\n -72.875,\n 43.25\n ],\n [\n -72.75,\n 43.25\n ],\n [\n -72.75,\n 43.375\n ],\n [\n -72.875,\n 43.375\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b4618","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ratcliffe, Nicholas M. 0000-0002-7922-5784 nratclif@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7922-5784","contributorId":4167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ratcliffe","given":"Nicholas","email":"nratclif@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":208015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burton, William C. 0000-0001-7519-5787 bburton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7519-5787","contributorId":1293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burton","given":"William","email":"bburton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":208014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":23345,"text":"ofr96211 - 1996 - Progress report on daily flow-routing simulation for the Carson River, California and Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:18","indexId":"ofr96211","displayToPublicDate":"1999-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-211","title":"Progress report on daily flow-routing simulation for the Carson River, California and Nevada","docAbstract":"A physically based flow-routing model using Hydrological Simulation Program-FORTRAN (HSPF) was constructed for modeling streamflow in the Carson River at daily time intervals as part of the Truckee-Carson Program of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). Daily streamflow data for water years 1978-92 for the mainstem river, tributaries, and irrigation ditches from the East Fork Carson River near Markleeville and West Fork Carson River at Woodfords down to the mainstem Carson River at Fort Churchill upstream from Lahontan Reservoir were obtained from several agencies and were compiled into a comprehensive data base. No previous physically based flow-routing model of the Carson River has incorporated multi-agency streamflow data into a single data base and simulated flow at a daily time interval. Where streamflow data were unavailable or incomplete, hydrologic techniques were used to estimate some flows. For modeling purposes, the Carson River was divided into six segments, which correspond to those used in the Alpine Decree that governs water rights along the river. Hydraulic characteristics were defined for 48 individual stream reaches based on cross-sectional survey data obtained from field surveys and previous studies. Simulation results from the model were compared with available observed and estimated streamflow data. Model testing demonstrated that hydraulic characteristics of the Carson River are adequately represented in the models for a range of flow regimes. Differences between simulated and observed streamflow result mostly from inadequate data characterizing inflow and outflow from the river. Because irrigation return flows are largely unknown, irrigation return flow percentages were used as a calibration parameter to minimize differences between observed and simulated streamflows. Observed and simulated streamflow were compared for daily periods for the full modeled length of the Carson River and for two major subreaches modeled with more detailed input data. Hydrographs and statistics presented in this report describe these differences. A sensitivity analysis of four estimated components of the hydrologic system evaluated which components were significant in the model. Estimated ungaged tributary streamflow is not a significant component of the model during low runoff, but is significant during high runoff. The sensitivity analysis indicates that changes in the estimated irrigation diversion and estimated return flow creates a noticeable change in the statistics. The modeling for this study is preliminary. Results of the model are constrained by current availability and accuracy of observed hydrologic data. Several inflows and outflows of the Carson River are not described by time-series data and therefore are not represented in the model.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nInformation Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr96211","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Hess, G.W., 1996, Progress report on daily flow-routing simulation for the Carson River, California and Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-211, iv, 41 p. :ill., col. map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96211.","productDescription":"iv, 41 p. :ill., col. map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157348,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0211/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":19457,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0211/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":52644,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0211/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db64865c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hess, G. W.","contributorId":43338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hess","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":32073,"text":"ofr96280 - 1996 - Map showing areal extent of the Pittsburgh Coal Bed and horizon and mined areas of the Pittsburgh Coal Bed in Pennsylvania, Ohio, West Virginia, and Maryland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-08T19:57:21.978104","indexId":"ofr96280","displayToPublicDate":"1999-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-280","title":"Map showing areal extent of the Pittsburgh Coal Bed and horizon and mined areas of the Pittsburgh Coal Bed in Pennsylvania, Ohio, West Virginia, and Maryland","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr96280","usgsCitation":"Ruppert, L.F., Tewalt, S., Bragg, L.J., Tully, J., Pierce, J., Weller, A., and Yarnell, J., 1996, Map showing areal extent of the Pittsburgh Coal Bed and horizon and mined areas of the Pittsburgh Coal Bed in Pennsylvania, Ohio, West Virginia, and Maryland: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-280, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96280.","productDescription":"HTML Document","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":163751,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":390353,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_18606.htm"},{"id":3353,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/of96-280/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"425000","country":"United States","state":"Kentucky, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Pittsburgh Coal Bed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.838,\n 37.424\n ],\n [\n -78.654,\n 37.424\n ],\n [\n -78.654,\n 40.992\n ],\n [\n -82.838,\n 40.992\n ],\n [\n -82.838,\n 37.424\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abde4b07f02db673fbb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ruppert, Leslie F. 0000-0002-7453-1061 lruppert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7453-1061","contributorId":660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruppert","given":"Leslie","email":"lruppert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":207568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tewalt, S.J.","contributorId":55838,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tewalt","given":"S.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bragg, L. J.","contributorId":104055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bragg","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tully, John","contributorId":81749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tully","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pierce, J.","contributorId":16548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierce","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Weller, A.","contributorId":94916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weller","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Yarnell, Jeanette","contributorId":18620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yarnell","given":"Jeanette","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":24528,"text":"ofr9615 - 1996 - Circulation and effluent dilution modeling in Massachusetts Bay : model implementation, verification and results","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:09","indexId":"ofr9615","displayToPublicDate":"1999-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-15","title":"Circulation and effluent dilution modeling in Massachusetts Bay : model implementation, verification and results","docAbstract":"A three-dimensional hydrodynamic model was developed as part of a cooperative U.S. Geological Survey/Massachusetts Water Resources Authority program to study contaminated sediment accumulation and transport in Massachusetts Bay. This report details the development of the model and assesses how well the model represents observed currents and water properties in the bay. It also summarizes circulation and comparative effluent dilution simulations from existing and future Boston sewage outfalls over a three-year period from October 1, 1989 to December 31, 1992. \r\n\r\nThe ECOM-si model, a semi-implicit version of the Blumberg and Mellor (1987) Estuarine, Coastal and Ocean Model, is shown to reproduce many of the important hydrodynamical features of Massachusetts Bay: the seasonal evolution of the pycnocline, the mean flow pattern, and the strength of sub-tidal current fluctuations. Throughout the simulation period, during both vertically well-mixed and stratified conditions, the seasonal statistics of observed currents are well-represented by the model. The model is therefore appropriate for studying the average dilution of sewage effluent and other continuously discharged substances over seasonal time scales. \r\n\r\nThe ability of the model to reproduce individual flow events varies with season and location within the bay. Flow events during unstratified conditions in western Massachusetts Bay are particularly well-represented, indicating that the model is appropriate for studying processes such as the transport of suspended material from the future outfall site due to winter storms. Individual flow events during stratified conditions and in the offshore Stellwagen Bank region, however, are less well-represented due to small length scales (caused by upwelling and river discharge events) coupled with insufficient data to specify open boundary forcing from the Gulf of Maine. Thus while the model might be used to answer issues such as the frequency with which Gulf of Maine river plumes visit the new outfall site, attempting to predict whether a particular plume would visit the outfall site could be problematic. \r\n\r\nComparative simulations of effluent discharged from the existing and future Boston outfalls show that the region of relatively high effluent concentrations (1 part effluent to 200 parts sea water) is significantly smaller with the future outfall and is limited to Western Massachusetts Bay during both unstratified and stratified seasons. The region of even higher concentration (1 part effluent to 50 parts sea water) that covers much of Boston Harbor with the existing outfall is non-existent in the future outfall simulation. Additional simulations of chlorination plant failure predict that the offshore location of the future outfall will lead to dramatically lower levels of pathogens at area beaches.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey, Woods Hole Field Center,","doi":"10.3133/ofr9615","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Signell, R.P., Jenter, H.L., and Blumberg, A.F., 1996, Circulation and effluent dilution modeling in Massachusetts Bay : model implementation, verification and results: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-15, 121 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9615.","productDescription":"121 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":1622,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://crusty.er.usgs.gov/mbayopen/mbayopen.html ","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":156500,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0015/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53581,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0015/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abce4b07f02db672cc5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Signell, Richard P. rsignell@usgs.gov","contributorId":1435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Signell","given":"Richard","email":"rsignell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":192087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jenter, Harry L. 0000-0002-1307-8785 hjenter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1307-8785","contributorId":228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenter","given":"Harry","email":"hjenter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":192086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Blumberg, Alan F.","contributorId":66299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blumberg","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":32066,"text":"ofr9687 - 1996 - Preliminary geologic map of the Sunland 7.5' quadrangle, southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-04T20:29:28.225323","indexId":"ofr9687","displayToPublicDate":"1999-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-87","title":"Preliminary geologic map of the Sunland 7.5' quadrangle, southern California","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
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1996 - Maps showing topography, backscatter, and interpretation of seafloor features in the Massachusetts Bay disposal site region off Boston, Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:22","indexId":"ofr96273","displayToPublicDate":"1999-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1996","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-273","title":"Maps showing topography, backscatter, and interpretation of seafloor features in the Massachusetts Bay disposal site region off Boston, Massachusetts","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr96273","usgsCitation":"Valentine, P.C., Danforth, W.W., Roworth, E.T., and Stillman, S.T., 1996, Maps showing topography, backscatter, and interpretation of seafloor features in the Massachusetts Bay disposal site region off Boston, Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-273, 4 maps on 2 sheets ;69 x 77 cm., and 55 x 61 cm., sheets 104 x 148 cm. and 138 x 70 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96273.","productDescription":"4 maps on 2 sheets ;69 x 77 cm., and 55 x 61 cm., sheets 104 x 148 cm. and 138 x 70 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":258666,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0273/plate-1.pdf","size":"20699","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":258667,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0273/plate-2.pdf","size":"21063","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":258668,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0273/report.pdf","size":"356","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":258669,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0273/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"12500","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1ae4b07f02db606389","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Valentine, Page C. 0000-0002-0485-6266 pvalentine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0485-6266","contributorId":1947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valentine","given":"Page","email":"pvalentine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":207564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Danforth, William W. 0000-0002-6382-9487 bdanforth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6382-9487","contributorId":3292,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Danforth","given":"William","email":"bdanforth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":207565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Roworth, Edwin T.","contributorId":80727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roworth","given":"Edwin","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stillman, Sara T.","contributorId":82373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stillman","given":"Sara","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}