Progress toward lake trout restoration in Lake Michigan is described through 1993. Extinction of the native lake trout fishery by sea lamprey predation, augmented by exploitation and habitat destruction, resulted in an extensive stocking program of hatchery-reared lake trout that began in 1965. Sea lamprey abundance was effectively controlled using selective chemical toxicants. The initial stocking produced a measurable wild year class of lake trout by 1976 in Grand Traverse Bay, but failed to continue probably due to excessive exploitation. The overall lack of successful reproduction lakewide by the late 1970s led to the development and implementation in 1985 of a focused inter-agency lakewide restoration plan by a technical committee created through the Lake Committee structure of the Great Lakes Fishery Commission. Strategies implemented in 1985 by the plan included setting a 40% total mortality goal lakewide, creating two large refuges designed to encompass historically the most productive spawning habitat and protect trout stocked over their home range, evaluating several lake trout strains, and setting stocking priorities throughout the lake. Target levels for stocking in the 1985 Plan have never been reached, and are much less than the estimated lakewide recruitment of yearlings by the native lake trout stocks. Since 1985, over 90% of the available lake trout have been stocked over the best spawning habitat, and colonization of the historically productive offshore reefs has occurred. Concentrations of spawning lake trout large enough for successful reproduction, based on observations of successful hatchery and wild stocks, have developed at specific reefs. Continued lack of recruitment at these specific sites suggests that something other than stotk abundance has limited success. Poor survival of lake trout eggs, assumed to be related to contaminant burden, occurred in the late 1970s and early 1980s, but survival has since increased to equal survival in the hatchery. A recent increase in lamprey wounding rates in northern Lake Michigan appears to be related to the uncontrolled build-up of lampreys in the St. Marys River a tributary of Lake Huron. If left uncontrolled, further progress toward restoration in the Northern Refuge may be limited.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0380-1330(95)71087-5","usgsCitation":"Holey, M.E., Rybicki, R.W., Eck, G.W., Brown, E.H., Marsden, J., Lavis, D.S., Toneys, M.L., Trudeau, T.N., and Horrall, R.M., 1995, Progress toward lake trout restoration in Lake Michigan: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 21, no. Supplement 1, p. 128-151, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0380-1330(95)71087-5.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"128","endPage":"151","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133528,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"Supplement 1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65d9a5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holey, Mark E.","contributorId":13174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holey","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rybicki, Ronald W.","contributorId":34886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rybicki","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eck, Gary W.","contributorId":106053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eck","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brown, Edward H. Jr.","contributorId":33251,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Edward","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Marsden, J. Ellen","contributorId":10367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marsden","given":"J. Ellen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lavis, Dennis S.","contributorId":31361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lavis","given":"Dennis","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Toneys, Michael L.","contributorId":27827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Toneys","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Trudeau, Tom N.","contributorId":15575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trudeau","given":"Tom","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Horrall, Ross M.","contributorId":61384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horrall","given":"Ross","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":1013313,"text":"1013313 - 1995 - Locating waterfowl observations on aerial surveys","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-02T17:16:05","indexId":"1013313","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Locating waterfowl observations on aerial surveys","docAbstract":"We modified standard aerial survey data collection to obtain the geographic location for each waterfowl observation on surveys in Alaska during 1987-1993. Using transect navigation with CPS (global positioning system), data recording on continuously running tapes, and a computer data input program, we located observations with an average deviation along transects of 214 m. The method provided flexibility in survey design and data analysis. Although developed for geese nesting near the coast of the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, the methods are widely applicable and were used on other waterfowl surveys in Alaska to map distribution and relative abundance of waterfowl. Accurate location data with GIS analysis and display may improve precision and usefulness of data from any aerial transect survey.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Butler, W., Hodges, J., and Stehn, R., 1995, Locating waterfowl observations on aerial surveys: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 23, no. 2, p. 148-154.","productDescription":"pp. 148-154","startPage":"148","endPage":"154","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":106,"text":"Alaska Biological Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134191,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a68e4b07f02db63b6ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Butler, W.I.","contributorId":96647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butler","given":"W.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hodges, J.I.","contributorId":51264,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hodges","given":"J.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stehn, R.A.","contributorId":107642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stehn","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1008421,"text":"1008421 - 1995 - The rare newt of Trail Ridge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:38","indexId":"1008421","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3262,"text":"Reptile and Amphibian Magazine","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The rare newt of Trail Ridge","docAbstract":"Abstract not supplied at this time","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Reptile and Amphibian Magazine","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Dodd, C., 1995, The rare newt of Trail Ridge: Reptile and Amphibian Magazine, no. July/Aug, p. 36-37, 45.","productDescription":"p. 36-37, 39-45","startPage":"36","endPage":"37, 45","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132628,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"July/Aug","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a70e4b07f02db641374","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dodd, C.K. Jr.","contributorId":86286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dodd","given":"C.K.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":81494,"text":"81494 - 1995 - Brushfires in California: Ecology and Resource Management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:02","indexId":"81494","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"title":"Brushfires in California: Ecology and Resource Management","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","language":"English","publisher":"International Association of Wildland Fire","publisherLocation":"Fairfield, WA","usgsCitation":"Keeley, J., and Scott, T., 1995, Brushfires in California: Ecology and Resource Management, 220 p.","productDescription":"220 p.","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":127958,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fb310","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Keeley, Jon E. 0000-0002-4564-6521","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-6521","contributorId":69082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeley","given":"Jon E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":295498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scott, T.","contributorId":101586,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":295499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70182071,"text":"70182071 - 1995 - Metabolizability and partitioning of energy and protein in green plants by yearling lesser snow geese","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-15T16:52:49","indexId":"70182071","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3551,"text":"The Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Metabolizability and partitioning of energy and protein in green plants by yearling lesser snow geese","docAbstract":"We measured apparent metabolizability of organic matter, gross energy, nitrogen and cell wall constituents of pelleted alfalfa by Lesser Snow Geese (Chen caerulescens caerulescens. We also used simultaneous measurements of energy expenditure and apparent metabolizable energy intake to estimate heat increment of feeding and net energy for production and maintenance. Apparent metabolizability of energy was 46% as a result of substantial retention of dietary cellulose (45%). Mean slope of the relationship between energy expenditure and apparent metabolizable energy intake, which estimates heat increment at feeding, was 0.33. One minus the slope, 0.67, was our estimate of the proportion of apparent metabolizable energy available for maintenance and production. Resting metabolic rate at zero apparent metabolizable energy intake ranged from 361 kJ· kg-1· day-1 to 432 kJ· kg-1· day-1, while apparent metabolizable energy intake required for energy balance ranged from 455 kJ· kg-1· day-1 to 871 kJ· kg-1· day-1. Lesser Snow Geese (>2 kg mass) were more efficient at retaining dietary energy but possibly lost more of this energy as heat than smaller Black Brant (Branta bernicla nigricans)(∼1 kg mass), suggesting a possible relationship between body size and processing of energy in herbivorous birds.
","language":"English","publisher":"Cooper Ornithological Society","doi":"10.2307/1368989","usgsCitation":"Sedinger, J.S., White, R.G., and Hupp, J.W., 1995, Metabolizability and partitioning of energy and protein in green plants by yearling lesser snow geese: The Condor, v. 97, no. 1, p. 116-122, https://doi.org/10.2307/1368989.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"116","endPage":"122","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502956,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/condor/vol97/iss1/12","text":"External Repository"},{"id":335654,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alaska, Northwest Territories","otherGeospatial":"Anderson River, Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, Beaufort Sea coastal plain","volume":"97","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58a57708e4b057081a24ee95","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sedinger, James S.","contributorId":84861,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sedinger","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":12742,"text":"University of Nevada Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":669459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"White, Robert G.","contributorId":181759,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"White","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":669460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hupp, Jerry W. 0000-0002-6439-3910 jhupp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6439-3910","contributorId":127803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hupp","given":"Jerry","email":"jhupp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":669461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1017375,"text":"1017375 - 1995 - Postfire management: workshop summary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-07-06T01:01:41","indexId":"1017375","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1693,"text":"Fremontia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Postfire management: workshop summary","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Fremontia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Keeley, J., 1995, Postfire management: workshop summary: Fremontia, v. 23, no. 3, p. 24-25.","productDescription":"p. 24-25","startPage":"24","endPage":"25","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132575,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad5e4b07f02db683a2f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Keeley, Jon E. 0000-0002-4564-6521","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-6521","contributorId":69082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeley","given":"Jon E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70182069,"text":"70182069 - 1995 - Use of implanted satellite transmitters to locate Spectacled Eiders at-sea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-15T10:49:57","indexId":"70182069","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3551,"text":"The Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of implanted satellite transmitters to locate Spectacled Eiders at-sea","docAbstract":"Population estimates of Spectacled Eiders (Somateria fischeri) on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta (YKD), Alaska, suggest that by 1992 the number of birds on this major nesting area had declined to 1,721 pairs, 4% of that estimated in the 1970s (Stehn st al 1993). Consequently, Spectacled Eiders were listed as threatened under the Endangered Species Act. As nesting habitats for this species are believed to have changed little over the past 100 years, hypotheses concerning the cause of this decline include factors away from nesting areas. The non-nesting distribution of this eider is unknown, but birds are believed to molt and winter in the Bering and Chukchi seas (Dau and Kistchinski 1977). Systematic aerial surveys to locate areas where birds concentrate are expensive because of the vast area to be surveyed and dangerous because of restricted daylight and extreme weather conditions. Surveys from ships along the ice margin in the Bering Sea failed to locate concentrations of birds (Irving et al 1968, Everett et al 1989). We initiated a study to determine if at-sea areas used by Spectacled Eiders could be identified using satellite telemetry.
","language":"English","publisher":"Cooper Ornithological Society","doi":"10.2307/1369006","usgsCitation":"Petersen, M.R., Douglas, D.C., and Mulcahy, D.M., 1995, Use of implanted satellite transmitters to locate Spectacled Eiders at-sea: The Condor, v. 97, no. 1, p. 276-278, https://doi.org/10.2307/1369006.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"276","endPage":"278","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502957,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/condor/vol97/iss1/37","text":"External Repository"},{"id":438916,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9CWYQGU","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Alaska Science Center Data Sheets from Intracoelomic Transmitter Implant and Liver Biopsy Surgeries in Birds, 1993-2012"},{"id":335653,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Bering Sea, Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -175.18798828125,\n 59.19843857520702\n ],\n [\n -159.5654296875,\n 59.19843857520702\n ],\n [\n -159.5654296875,\n 66.39915999849539\n ],\n [\n -175.18798828125,\n 66.39915999849539\n ],\n [\n -175.18798828125,\n 59.19843857520702\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"97","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58a57709e4b057081a24ee98","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Petersen, Margaret R. 0000-0001-6082-3189 mrpetersen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6082-3189","contributorId":167729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petersen","given":"Margaret","email":"mrpetersen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":669456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Douglas, David C. 0000-0003-0186-1104 ddouglas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0186-1104","contributorId":2388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Douglas","given":"David","email":"ddouglas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":669457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mulcahy, Daniel M. dmulcahy@usgs.gov","contributorId":3102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mulcahy","given":"Daniel","email":"dmulcahy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":669458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70182068,"text":"70182068 - 1995 - Variation in brood behavior of Black Brant","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-15T16:58:33","indexId":"70182068","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3551,"text":"The Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Variation in brood behavior of Black Brant","docAbstract":"We studied behavior of broods of Black Brant (Branta bernicla nigricans) during five summers between 1987 and 1993, a period in which the local breeding population increased >3-fold. Goslings spent more time foraging than adults of either sex, while adult males spent more time alert and less time foraging than adult females. Percentage of time spent alert was positively correlated with brood size for adult males but not adult females. Foraging time for all age and sex classes increased with date following hatch within years. Foraging time increased and time spent alert decreased between 1987 and 1993 for both adult males and adult females. The trend in foraging behavior for adults is consistent with an hypothesis of declining food availability at higher brood densities and declining alert behavior by adults has implications for prefledging survival of young.
","language":"English","publisher":"Cooper Ornithological Society","doi":"10.2307/1368988","usgsCitation":"Sedinger, J.S., Eichholz, M., and Flint, P.L., 1995, Variation in brood behavior of Black Brant: The Condor, v. 97, no. 1, p. 107-115, https://doi.org/10.2307/1368988.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"107","endPage":"115","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":335651,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Tutakote River, Kashunuk River, Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta","volume":"97","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58a57709e4b057081a24ee9c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sedinger, James S.","contributorId":84861,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sedinger","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":12742,"text":"University of Nevada Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":669448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eichholz, Michael W.","contributorId":130963,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eichholz","given":"Michael W.","affiliations":[{"id":7180,"text":"Coop Wildlife Res Lab, Ctr for Ecology, S IL Univ Carbondale, IL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":669449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Flint, Paul L. 0000-0002-8758-6993 pflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8758-6993","contributorId":3284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Paul","email":"pflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":669450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1000706,"text":"1000706 - 1995 - Use of egg traps to investigate lake trout spawning in the Great Lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-14T11:27:28","indexId":"1000706","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of egg traps to investigate lake trout spawning in the Great Lakes","docAbstract":"Disk-shaped traps were used to examine egg deposition by lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) at 29 sites in the Great Lakes. The main objectives were to; first, evaluate the disk trap as a device for sampling lake trout eggs in the Great Lakes, and second, summarize what has been learned about lake trout spawning through the use of disk traps. Of the 5,085 traps set, 60% were classified as functional when retrieved. Evidence of lake trout egg deposition was documented in each of the lakes studied at 14 of 29 sites. A total of 1,147 eggs were trapped. The percentage of traps functioning and catch per effort were compared among sites based on depth, timing of egg deposition, distance from shore, size of reef, and type of reef (artificial or natural). Most eggs were caught on small, shallow, protected reefs that were close to shore. Use of disk traps on large, shallow, unprotected offshore reefs or along unprotected shorelines was generally unsuccessful due to the effects of heavy wind and wave action. Making multiple lifts at short intervals, and retrieval before and re-deployment after storms are recommended for use in exposed areas. On large reefs, preliminary surveys to identify preferred lake trout spawning habitat may be required to deploy disk traps most effectively. Egg deposition by hatchery-reared fish was widespread throughout the Great Lakes, and the use of artificial structures by these fish was extensive.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0380-1330(95)71115-7","usgsCitation":"Schreiner, D.R., Bronte, C.R., Payne, N.R., Fitzsimons, J.D., and Casselman, J.M., 1995, Use of egg traps to investigate lake trout spawning in the Great Lakes: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 21, p. 433-444, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0380-1330(95)71115-7.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"433","endPage":"444","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132831,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a17e4b07f02db6045fe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schreiner, Donald R.","contributorId":108051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schreiner","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bronte, Charles R.","contributorId":83050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bronte","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Payne, N. Robert","contributorId":15155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Payne","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"Robert","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fitzsimons, John D.","contributorId":94267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitzsimons","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Casselman, John M.","contributorId":66646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casselman","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":1014929,"text":"1014929 - 1995 - Perch mercury content is related to acidity and color of 26 Russian Lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-19T10:16:54","indexId":"1014929","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3728,"text":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","onlineIssn":"1573-2932","printIssn":"0049-6979","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Perch mercury content is related to acidity and color of 26 Russian Lakes","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water, Air, and Soil Pollution","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF00476931","collaboration":"96-079/PY96/AE","usgsCitation":"Haines, T., Komov, V., Matey, V., and Jagoe, C.H., 1995, Perch mercury content is related to acidity and color of 26 Russian Lakes: Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, v. 85, no. 2, p. 823-828, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00476931.","productDescription":"p. 823-828","startPage":"823","endPage":"828","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":267638,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00476931"},{"id":130918,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"85","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae1e4b07f02db6887ee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haines, T.A.","contributorId":83062,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haines","given":"T.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Komov, V.T.","contributorId":104443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Komov","given":"V.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Matey, V.E.","contributorId":28203,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matey","given":"V.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jagoe, C. H.","contributorId":97456,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jagoe","given":"C.","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":1008422,"text":"1008422 - 1995 - North American box turtles (Terrapene) listed under CITES Appendix II","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:38","indexId":"1008422","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1073,"text":"Box Turtle Newsletter","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"North American box turtles (Terrapene) listed under CITES Appendix II","docAbstract":"Abstract not supplied at this time","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Box Turtle Newsletter","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Dodd, C., 1995, North American box turtles (Terrapene) listed under CITES Appendix II: Box Turtle Newsletter, v. 2, p. 1-3.","productDescription":"p. 1-3","startPage":"1","endPage":"3","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132629,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db64900f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dodd, C.K. Jr.","contributorId":86286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dodd","given":"C.K.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70182707,"text":"70182707 - 1995 - Brood amalgamation in the Bristle-thighed Curlew Numenius tahitiensis: process and function","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-21T14:38:16","indexId":"70182707","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1961,"text":"Ibis","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Brood amalgamation in the Bristle-thighed Curlew Numenius tahitiensis: process and function","docAbstract":"Alloparental care in birds generally involves nonbreeding adults that help at nests or breeding adults that help raise young in communal nests. A less often reported form involves the amalgamation of broods, where one or more adults care for young that are not their own. We observed this phenomenon among Bristle-thighed Curlew Numenius tahitiensis broods in western Alaska during 1990–1992. Amalgamation of broods generally involved the formation of temporary and extended associations. Temporary associations were formed by the incidental convergence of broods soon after they left their nests. During this period, parents defended distinct brood-rearing areas, were antagonistic to conspecifics and remained together for less than 3 days. Extended associations formed when chicks were 1–2 weeks old. Here, parents and their broods occupied distinct, but adjacent, brood-rearing areas and moved around as a unit. Whether a brood participated in either temporary or extended associations or remained solitary appeared to depend on brood density in the immediate area and on hatching date. When chicks were 3–4 weeks old, aggregations of up to ten broods formed wherein young mixed and parents defended a common brood-rearing area. All broods (n = 48) that survived to fledging joined such aggregations. Alloparental care involved only antipredator defence and was not associated with activities such as feeding and brooding. Most female parents abandoned their broods shortly after the young could fly and when aggregations were forming. The female parent of a pair always deserted its young before or on the same day as the male parent and, in every aggregation, one or two males continued to tend young for about 5 days longer than other male parents. In most cases, adults deserted the young 2–6 days before the young departed the area when about 38 days old. Bristle-thighed Curlews also formed temporary associations with American and Pacific Golden Plover Pluvialis dominica and Pluvialis fulva, Whimbrel Numenius phaeopus, Bar-tailed Godwit Limosa lapponica, Western Sandpiper Cal-idris mauri and Long-tailed Skua Stercorarius longicaudus. Curlews and other larger bodied species commonly attack-mobbed predators together, whereas smaller bodied species generally gave alarm calls and circled the predators. For all species, the intensity of antipredator defence by attending adults gradually decreased as young became older and aggregations formed. We suggest that amalgamation of broods among Bristle-thighed Curlew enhances predator defence, aids in the process of flock formation for migrating young, and allows females and some males to desert their young earlier.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1474-919X.1995.tb03267.x","usgsCitation":"Lanctot, R.B., Gill, R., Tibbitts, T.L., and Handel, C.M., 1995, Brood amalgamation in the Bristle-thighed Curlew Numenius tahitiensis: process and function: Ibis, v. 137, no. 4, p. 559-569, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-919X.1995.tb03267.x.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"559","endPage":"569","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336238,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Kougarok River drainage","volume":"137","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-04-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58b2a59de4b01ccd54fca165","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lanctot, Richard B.","contributorId":31894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lanctot","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":135,"text":"Biological Resources Division","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":7029,"text":"Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":17786,"text":"Carleton University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":673379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gill, Robert E. Jr. 0000-0002-6385-4500 rgill@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6385-4500","contributorId":171747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gill","given":"Robert E.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"rgill@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":673380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tibbitts, T. Lee 0000-0002-0290-7592 ltibbitts@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0290-7592","contributorId":140455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tibbitts","given":"T.","email":"ltibbitts@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Lee","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":673381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Handel, Colleen M. 0000-0002-0267-7408 cmhandel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0267-7408","contributorId":3067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Handel","given":"Colleen","email":"cmhandel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":673382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":1000735,"text":"1000735 - 1995 - Predator-prey relations and competition for food between age-0 lake trout and slimy sculpins in the Apostle Island region of Lake Superior","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-18T14:52:55","indexId":"1000735","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predator-prey relations and competition for food between age-0 lake trout and slimy sculpins in the Apostle Island region of Lake Superior","docAbstract":"Slimy sculpins (Cottus cognatus) are an important component of the fish community on reefs and adjacent nursery areas of the Great Lakes and overlap spatially with age-0 lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush). Important interactions between these fishes are possible during the lake trout's first year of life, which could include predation on each other's eggs and larvae, and competition for food resources. We investigated the diets of age-0 lake trout and slimy sculpins on a lake trout spawning reef (Gull Island Shoal) and adjacent nursery area (near Michigan Island) in the Apostle Island region of western Lake Superior during June through September from 1988 through 1991. Organisms in stomachs of 511 lake trout and 562 sculpins were identified and counted. Of the 11 major food types found in age-0 lake trout stomachs from both areas, Mysis was the dominant food item (mean volume in stomachs = 68%) and occurred in about 3/4 of the fish analyzed. Copepods, cladocerans, chironomid pupae, fish, and Bythotrephes were also common in the diet (frequency of occurrence > 4%). Diets of lake trout were more diverse on the reef than on the nursery area where Mysis dominated the diet. Slimy sculpins were only found in lake trout greater than 50 mm. Mysis was an important food item of slimy sculpins over the reef but not over the nursery area, where Diporeia was by far the most important taxon. A variety ofben-thic invertebrates (Asellus, chironomids, benthic copepods, and snails) comprised the bulk of the sculpin diet over the reef. Sculpins also ate lake trout eggs in November. Based on cluster analysis, diets were most similar over the reef where both consumed Mysis, calanoid copepods and chironomid pupae. Diets diverged over the nursery areas where sculpins were strictly benthic feeders and lake trout maintained their planktonic diet. In Lake Superior, where lake trout recruitment through natural reproduction has become well established, the coexistence of the two species appears amicable. However, in other Great Lakes with higher sculpin to lake trout ratios on a reef, the coexistence of the two species may be a bottleneck for age-0 lake trout survival beginning with egg deposition and ending when age-0 lake trout move off the reef and the two species no longer compete for a common food resource.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0380-1330(95)71116-9","usgsCitation":"Hudson, P.L., Savino, J.F., and Bronte, C.R., 1995, Predator-prey relations and competition for food between age-0 lake trout and slimy sculpins in the Apostle Island region of Lake Superior: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 21, no. Supplement 1, p. 445-457, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0380-1330(95)71116-9.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"445","endPage":"457","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133699,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"Supplement 1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67eb47","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hudson, Patrick L. 0000-0002-7646-443X phudson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7646-443X","contributorId":5616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hudson","given":"Patrick","email":"phudson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":309279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Savino, Jacqueline F. jsavino@usgs.gov","contributorId":2213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savino","given":"Jacqueline","email":"jsavino@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":309278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bronte, Charles R.","contributorId":83050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bronte","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1014781,"text":"1014781 - 1995 - Short-term cold storage of Atlantic sturgeon sperm","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:27","indexId":"1014781","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3496,"text":"Sturgeon Quarterly","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Short-term cold storage of Atlantic sturgeon sperm","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Sturgeon Quarterly","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"95-057/PY95/NF","usgsCitation":"DiLauro, M.N., Krise, W.F., Hendrix, M.A., and Baker, S., 1995, Short-term cold storage of Atlantic sturgeon sperm: Sturgeon Quarterly, v. 3, no. 2.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"3","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131954,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fae4b07f02db5f3f24","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DiLauro, M. N.","contributorId":75475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DiLauro","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krise, W. F.","contributorId":50842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krise","given":"W.","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hendrix, M. A.","contributorId":61376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hendrix","given":"M.","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Baker, S.E.","contributorId":68259,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":1008437,"text":"1008437 - 1995 - New species of troglobitic catfish of the genus Prietella (Siluriformes: Ictaluridae) from northeastern Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-04T15:02:12.571263","indexId":"1008437","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1337,"text":"Copeia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"New species of troglobitic catfish of the genus Prietella (Siluriformes: Ictaluridae) from northeastern Mexico","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists","doi":"10.2307/1447033","usgsCitation":"Walsh, S., and Gilbert, C.R., 1995, New species of troglobitic catfish of the genus Prietella (Siluriformes: Ictaluridae) from northeastern Mexico: Copeia, v. 1995, no. 4, p. 850-861, https://doi.org/10.2307/1447033.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"850","endPage":"861","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":131774,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1995","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afee4b07f02db69785b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walsh, S. J. 0000-0002-1009-8537","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1009-8537","contributorId":62171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walsh","given":"S. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gilbert, Carter R.","contributorId":7667,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilbert","given":"Carter","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1007933,"text":"1007933 - 1995 - Cryptic species of Pacific skinks (Emoia): Further support from mitochondrial DNA sequences","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-01T01:33:41.616436","indexId":"1007933","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1337,"text":"Copeia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cryptic species of Pacific skinks (Emoia): Further support from mitochondrial DNA sequences","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists (ASIH)","doi":"10.2307/1447050","usgsCitation":"Bruna, E., Fisher, R., and Case, T.J., 1995, Cryptic species of Pacific skinks (Emoia): Further support from mitochondrial DNA sequences: Copeia, v. 1995, p. 981-983, https://doi.org/10.2307/1447050.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"981","endPage":"983","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131215,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1995","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acee4b07f02db67f4f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bruna, E.M.","contributorId":106063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bruna","given":"E.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fisher, Robert N. 0000-0002-2956-3240","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2956-3240","contributorId":51675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Robert N.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":316327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Case, T. J.","contributorId":77078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Case","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1015810,"text":"1015810 - 1995 - Limnology of isolated and connected high-mountain lakes in Olympic National Park, Washington State, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:42","indexId":"1015810","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":883,"text":"Archiv fur Hydrobiologie","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Limnology of isolated and connected high-mountain lakes in Olympic National Park, Washington State, USA","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Archiv fur Hydrobiologie","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Larson, G.L., McIntire, C.D., and Hawkins-Hoffman, C., 1995, Limnology of isolated and connected high-mountain lakes in Olympic National Park, Washington State, USA: Archiv fur Hydrobiologie, v. 134, no. 1, p. 75-92.","productDescription":"p. 75-92","startPage":"75","endPage":"92","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133107,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"134","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a5145","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Larson, Gary L. gary_l._larson@usgs.gov","contributorId":2990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"Gary","email":"gary_l._larson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":323177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McIntire, C. D.","contributorId":35274,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McIntire","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hawkins-Hoffman, C.","contributorId":105677,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hawkins-Hoffman","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1016614,"text":"1016614 - 1995 - [Book review] Railroad Postcards in the Age of Steam, by H. Roger Grant","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-27T13:08:19","indexId":"1016614","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2889,"text":"North Dakota History","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"[Book review] Railroad Postcards in the Age of Steam, by H. Roger Grant","docAbstract":"Book review: Railroad Postcards in the Age of Steam. H. Roger Grant. University Of Iowa Press. 1994. 217 pages. ISBN: 0877454655.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"North Dakota History","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"State Historical Society of North Dakota","publisherLocation":"Bismarck, North Dakota","usgsCitation":"Johnson, D.H., 1995, [Book review] Railroad Postcards in the Age of Steam, by H. Roger Grant: North Dakota History, v. 62, no. 4, p. 41-41.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"41","endPage":"41","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133034,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"62","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a5fe4b07f02db634b4c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Douglas H. 0000-0002-7778-6641","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7778-6641","contributorId":70327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70194141,"text":"70194141 - 1995 - Characteristics of mineral licks used by white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) ","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-15T17:15:33","indexId":"70194141","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":737,"text":"American Midland Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Characteristics of mineral licks used by white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) ","title":"Characteristics of mineral licks used by white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) ","docAbstract":"Characteristics of mineral licks used by white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) were examined in the northern Black Hills of South Dakota in May 1992. Concentrations of sodium, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, chloride and magnesium, and soil texture, organic matter and pH for licks and nonlick soils were compared. Black Hills lick and nonlick samples also were compared to 67 other North American licks characterized by Jones and Hanson (1985). Degree of use (high or low), and vegetative and topographic characteristics also were determined. Use of mineral licks by deer was highest in spring and early summer; mineral licks were not used by deer in winter. Mostly adult females, and on a few occasions fawns visited licks. Soil texture was finer and organic matter was lower (P < 0.05) in lick than nonlick soils. Soil pH, soluble salts, sodium and nitrate nitrogen were higher (P < 0.05) in lick than in nonlick soils. Chloride was the only mineral that differed (P = 0.03) between high-use and low-use licks but was not considered important in lick selection. Sodium was the primary mineral sought by white-tailed deer using mineral licks.
","language":"English","publisher":"The University of Notre Dame","doi":"10.2307/2426301","usgsCitation":"Kennedy, J.F., Jenks, J., Jones, R.L., and Jenkins, K.J., 1995, Characteristics of mineral licks used by white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) : American Midland Naturalist, v. 134, no. 2, p. 324-331, https://doi.org/10.2307/2426301.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"324","endPage":"331","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348949,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"134","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a612d7ee4b06e28e9c25dce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kennedy, John F.","contributorId":121141,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kennedy","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jenks, Jonathan A.","contributorId":51591,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenks","given":"Jonathan A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jones, Robert L.","contributorId":174223,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jenkins, Kurt J. 0000-0003-1415-6607 kurt_jenkins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1415-6607","contributorId":3415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenkins","given":"Kurt","email":"kurt_jenkins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":722335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70180843,"text":"70180843 - 1995 - Landscape-scale fire history studies support fire management action at Bandelier","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-16T11:39:07","indexId":"70180843","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3014,"text":"Park Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Landscape-scale fire history studies support fire management action at Bandelier","docAbstract":"Fire has long been recognized as a key process determining the ecological structure and function of many southwestern forests (Weaver 1951). Major changes in southwestern fire regimes over the past century (Swetnam 1990) are having correspondingly large ecological effects on southwestern forests, including those of Bandelier National Monument in the Jemez Mountains of northern New Mexico (Allen 1989). Ecologists and managers who seek to understand current landscapes require accurate information on the spatial and temporal variability in past fire regimes. This kind of information provides essential historical context that is needed to properly manage our modern park landscapes.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Allen, C.D., Touchan, R., and Swetnam, T., 1995, Landscape-scale fire history studies support fire management action at Bandelier: Park Science, v. 15, no. 3, p. 18-19.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"18","endPage":"19","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334732,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":334731,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.nature.nps.gov/ParkScience/archive/PDF/ParkScience15(3)Summer1995.pdf#page=18"}],"volume":"15","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5895a4c1e4b0fa1e59bc1e1f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Allen, Craig D. 0000-0002-8777-5989 craig_allen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8777-5989","contributorId":2597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"craig_allen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":662576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Touchan, Ramzi","contributorId":77863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Touchan","given":"Ramzi","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Swetnam, Thomas W.","contributorId":90455,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Swetnam","given":"Thomas W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70178183,"text":"70178183 - 1995 - Comparison of methods for conducting marine and estuarine sediment porewater toxicity tests—extraction, storage, and handling techniques","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-04T14:06:35","indexId":"70178183","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of methods for conducting marine and estuarine sediment porewater toxicity tests—extraction, storage, and handling techniques","docAbstract":"A series of studies was conducted to compare different porewater extraction techniques and to evaluate the effects of sediment and porewater storage conditions on the toxicity of pore water, using assays with the sea urchin Arbacia punctulata. If care is taken in the selection of materials, several different porewater extraction techniques (pressurized squeezing, centrifugation, vacuum) yield samples with similar toxicity. Where the primary contaminants of concern are highly hydrophobic organic compounds, centrifugation is the method of choice for minimizing the loss of contaminants during the extraction procedure. No difference was found in the toxicity of pore water obtained with the Teflon® and polyvinyl chloride pressurized extraction devices. Different types of filters in the squeeze extraction devices apparently adsorbed soluble contaminants to varying degrees. The amount of fine suspended particulate material remaining in the pore water after the initial extraction varied among the methods. For most of the sediments tested, freezing and thawing did not affect the toxicity of porewater samples obtained by the pressurized squeeze extraction method. Pore water obtained by other methods (centrifugation, vacuum) and frozen without additional removal of suspended particulates by centrifugation may exhibit increased toxicity compared with the unfrozen sample.
The toxicity of pore water extracted from refrigerated (4°C) sediments exhibited substantial short-term (days, weeks) changes. Similarly, sediment pore water extracted over time from a simulated amphipod solid-phase toxicity test changed substantially in toxicity. For the sediments tested, the direction and magnitude of change in toxicity of pore water extracted from both refrigerated and solid-phase test sediments was unpredictable.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF00213971","usgsCitation":"Carr, R., and Chapman, D., 1995, Comparison of methods for conducting marine and estuarine sediment porewater toxicity tests—extraction, storage, and handling techniques: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 28, no. 1, p. 69-77, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00213971.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"69","endPage":"77","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":330773,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"581d9e2de4b0dee4cc90cbef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carr, R.S.","contributorId":31353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carr","given":"R.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":653160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chapman, D.C.","contributorId":101825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapman","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":653161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1003662,"text":"1003662 - 1995 - Lead poisoning of spectacled eiders (Somateria fischeri) and of a common eider (Somateria mollissima) in Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-17T17:10:46.809418","indexId":"1003662","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Lead poisoning of spectacled eiders (Somateria fischeri) and of a common eider (Somateria mollissima) in Alaska","title":"Lead poisoning of spectacled eiders (Somateria fischeri) and of a common eider (Somateria mollissima) in Alaska","docAbstract":"Lead poisoning was diagnosed in four spectacled eiders (Somateria fischeri) and one common eider (Somateria mollissima) found dead or moribund at the Yukon Delta National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska (USA) in 1992, 1993, and 1994. Ingested lead shot was found in the lower esophagus of one spectacled eider and in the gizzard of the common eider. Lead concentrations in the livers of the spectacled eiders were 26 to 38 ppm wet weight, and 52 ppm wet weight in the liver of the common eider. A blood sample collected from one of the spectacled eiders before it was euthanized had a lead concentration of 8.5 ppm wet weight. This is the first known report of lead poisoning in the spectacled eider, recently listed as a threatened species by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/0090-3558-31.2.268","usgsCitation":"Franson, J., Petersen, M.R., Meteyer, C.U., and Smith, M.R., 1995, Lead poisoning of spectacled eiders (Somateria fischeri) and of a common eider (Somateria mollissima) in Alaska: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 31, no. 2, p. 268-271, https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-31.2.268.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"268","endPage":"271","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479253,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-31.2.268","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":133882,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Yukon Delta National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -160.94970703125,\n 63.75334975181205\n ],\n [\n -159.49951171875,\n 62.1655019058381\n ],\n [\n -158.57666015625,\n 61.72111756281976\n ],\n [\n -158.5986328125,\n 60.8663124746226\n ],\n [\n -159.45556640625,\n 59.567723306212955\n ],\n [\n -162.31201171874997,\n 59.20968817840924\n ],\n [\n -164.20166015625,\n 59.55659188568175\n ],\n [\n -166.92626953124997,\n 59.57885104663186\n ],\n [\n -167.89306640624997,\n 60.04290359809164\n ],\n [\n -167.6513671875,\n 60.56537850464181\n ],\n [\n -166.55273437499997,\n 60.823494332539646\n ],\n [\n -166.376953125,\n 61.19621314083867\n ],\n [\n -166.55273437499997,\n 62.103882522897855\n ],\n [\n -166.5087890625,\n 62.67414334669093\n ],\n [\n -165.6298828125,\n 63.174193604205094\n ],\n [\n -165.12451171875,\n 63.470144746565445\n ],\n [\n -164.15771484375,\n 63.558338036300746\n ],\n [\n -163.125,\n 63.80189351770543\n ],\n [\n -162.20214843749997,\n 63.918058296491104\n ],\n [\n -161.279296875,\n 63.90839622003119\n ],\n [\n -160.94970703125,\n 63.75334975181205\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"31","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a874c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Franson, J. Christian 0000-0002-0251-4238 jfranson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0251-4238","contributorId":127708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franson","given":"J. Christian","email":"jfranson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":313844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Petersen, Margaret R. 0000-0001-6082-3189 mrpetersen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6082-3189","contributorId":167729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petersen","given":"Margaret","email":"mrpetersen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":313842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meteyer, Carol U. 0000-0002-4007-3410 cmeteyer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4007-3410","contributorId":111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meteyer","given":"Carol","email":"cmeteyer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"U.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":313843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smith, Milton R.","contributorId":14272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Milton","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":1004055,"text":"1004055 - 1995 - A primer on common avian diseases","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-13T18:34:34.107729","indexId":"1004055","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3776,"text":"Wildlife Rehabilitation Today","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A primer on common avian diseases","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkTitle":"","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Windingstad, R.M., and Laitman, C.J., 1995, A primer on common avian diseases: Wildlife Rehabilitation Today, v. 6, no. 3, p. 27-31.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"27","endPage":"31","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129724,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a9189","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Windingstad, R. 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Finally, tissue concentrations of Mn, S and Se at some localities were above levels known to be either toxic or similar to those found in polluted areas. These four lines of evidence suggest that Isle Royale National Park is experiencing the onset of chronic air pollution stress from a number of sources.
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