Geologic and seismic data reveal a set of parallel, active, strike-slip faults in east-central Alaska between the Denali and Tintina fault systems. The faults strike northeast to north-northeast, at a high angle to the bounding dextral fault systems, and exhibit sinistral slip. We hypothesize that this set of faults divides the crust into long blocks that are rotating clockwise in response to northerly compression resulting from Pacific–North American plate convergence. We suggest that these faults have produced most of the large historical earthquakes in east-central Alaska between the Alaska Range and the Yukon River.
A compilation of magnetic data acquired during the past three decades for a region in central Saudi Arabia where Precambrian basement is partly exposed on the Arabian shield and partly concealed by overlying Phanerozoic strata, shows a central sector of conspicuous N-S-trending anomalies, a heterogeneous western sector of short-wavelength, high-intensity anomalies, and an eastern sector of low- to moderate-intensity broad-wavelength anomalies. Anomalies in the western and central sectors correlate with Neoproterozoic metavolcanic, metasedimentary, and intrusive rocks of the Arabian shield and are interpreted as delineating extensions of shield-type rocks down-dip beneath Phanerozoic cover. These rocks constitute terranes making up part of a Neoproterozoic orogenic belt that underlies Northeast Africa and western Arabia and it is proposed that their magnetically indicated easternmost extent marks the concealed eastern edge of the orogenic belt in central Arabia. The flat magnetic signature of the eastern sector, not entirely accounted for as an effect of deep burial, may reflect the presence of a crustal block different in character to the terranes of the orogenic belt and, speculatively, may outline a continental block that, according to some tectonic models of the region, collided with the Neoproterozoic terranes and thereby caused their deformation and tectonic accretion.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/0040-1951(94)00179-D","issn":"00401951","usgsCitation":"Johnson, P., and Stewart, I., 1995, Magnetically inferred basement structure in central Saudi Arabia: Tectonophysics, v. 245, no. 1-2, p. 37-52, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(94)00179-D.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"37","endPage":"52","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226504,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Saudi Arabia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 50,\n 15\n ],\n [\n 50,\n 30\n ],\n [\n 25,\n 30\n ],\n [\n 25,\n 15\n ],\n [\n 50,\n 15\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"245","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4b96e4b0c8380cd69666","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, P.R.","contributorId":37332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"P.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stewart, I.C.F.","contributorId":18914,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"I.C.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70164314,"text":"70164314 - 1995 - Integration of manatee life-history data and population modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-01T10:26:26","indexId":"70164314","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":37,"text":"Information and Technology Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"1","title":"Integration of manatee life-history data and population modeling","docAbstract":"Aerial counts and the number of deaths have been a major focus of attention in attempts to understand the population status of the Florida manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris). Uncertainties associated with these data have made interpretation difficult. However, knowledge of manatee life-history attributes increased and now permits the development of a population model. We describe a provisional model based on the classical approach of Lotka. Parameters in the model are based on data from'other papers in this volume and draw primarily on observations from the Crystal River, Blue Spring, and Adantic Coast areas. The model estimates X (the finite rate ofincrease) at each study area, and application ofthe delta method provides estimates of variance components and partial derivatives ofX with respectto key input parameters (reproduction, adult survival, and early survival). In some study areas, only approximations of some parameters are available. Estimates of X and coefficients of variation (in parentheses) of manatees were 1.07 (0.009) in the Crystal River, 1.06 (0.012) at Blue Spring, and 1.01 (0.012) on the Atlantic Coast. Changing adult survival has a major effect on X. Early-age survival has the smallest effect. Bootstrap comparisons of population growth estimates from trend counts in the Crystal River and at Blue Spring and the reproduction and survival data suggest that the higher, observed rates from counts are probably not due to chance. Bootstrapping for variance estimates based on reproduction and survival data from manatees at Blue Spring and in the Crystal River provided estimates of X, adult survival, and rates of reproduction that were similar to those obtained by other methods. Our estimates are preliminary and suggestimprovements for future data collection and analysis. However, results support efforts to reduce mortality as the most effective means to promote the increased growth necessary for the eventual recovery of the Florida manatee population.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Population Biology of the Florida Manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"National Biological Service","usgsCitation":"Eberhardt, L., and O'Shea, T., 1995, Integration of manatee life-history data and population modeling: Information and Technology Report 1, 11 p.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"269","endPage":"279","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":316366,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56b08fe1e4b010e2af2a5de0","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"O'Shea, Thomas J. 0000-0002-0758-9730","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0758-9730","contributorId":78071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Shea","given":"Thomas J.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":596983,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ackerman, B.B.","contributorId":31698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerman","given":"B.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":596984,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Percival, H. Franklin percivalf@usgs.gov","contributorId":2424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Percival","given":"H.","email":"percivalf@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Franklin","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":596985,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Eberhardt, L.L.","contributorId":72313,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eberhardt","given":"L.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":596976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O'Shea, Thomas J. 0000-0002-0758-9730","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0758-9730","contributorId":78071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Shea","given":"Thomas J.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":596977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70164315,"text":"70164315 - 1995 - Population biology of the Florida manatee: An overview","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-01T10:25:27","indexId":"70164315","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":37,"text":"Information and Technology Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"1","title":"Population biology of the Florida manatee: An overview","docAbstract":"In the following overview we discuss progress toward meeting the three objectives of the 1992 workshop: to provide a synthesis of existing information about manatee population biology; to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of current data sets and approaches to research on manatee population biology; and to provide recommendations for research. We discuss progress in six topics that were assigned to working groups at the workshop: aerial survey and estimation of population size, reproduction, age structure, mortality, photoidentification and estimation of survival, and integration and modeling of population data. The overview includes recommendations by working group participants (*2 0'Shea et al. 1992). This workshop on manatee population biology was the most recent conference on the topic since 1978 (*BrowneIl and Rails 1981). Partly as a result of recommendations made at the 1978 workshop, several long-term population-related research projects were established. Therefore, we also measure progress in relation to knowledge available at the time of the earlier workshop. Finally, we provide a brief synopsis of pertinent new information on manatee population biology that became available between the 1992 workshop and publication of the proceedings and our conclusions about the status of the Florida manatee.
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","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Population biology of the Florida manatee","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"National Biological Service","usgsCitation":"O'Shea, T., and Langtimm, C.A., 1995, Estimation of survival of adult Florida manatees in the Crystal River, at Blue Spring, and on the Atlantic Coast: Information and Technology Report 1, 9 p.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"194","endPage":"222","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":316368,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56b08fc9e4b010e2af2a5d53","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"O'Shea, Thomas J. 0000-0002-0758-9730","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0758-9730","contributorId":78071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Shea","given":"Thomas J.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":596988,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ackerman, B.B.","contributorId":31698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerman","given":"B.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":596989,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Percival, H. Franklin percivalf@usgs.gov","contributorId":2424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Percival","given":"H.","email":"percivalf@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Franklin","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":596990,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"O'Shea, Thomas J. 0000-0002-0758-9730","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0758-9730","contributorId":78071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Shea","given":"Thomas J.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":596986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Langtimm, Catherine A. 0000-0001-8499-5743 clangtimm@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8499-5743","contributorId":3045,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langtimm","given":"Catherine","email":"clangtimm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":596987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70148108,"text":"70148108 - 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Migratory bird population changes in North Dakota","indexId":"85339","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"title":"Migratory bird population changes in North Dakota"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70148108,"text":"70148108 - 1995 - Our living resources: A report to the nation on the distribution, abundance, and health of U.S. plants, animals, and ecosystems","indexId":"70148108","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"title":"Our living resources: A report to the nation on the distribution, abundance, and health of U.S. plants, animals, and ecosystems"},"id":4},{"subject":{"id":85658,"text":"85658 - 1995 - Biota of the upper Mississippi River ecosystem","indexId":"85658","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"title":"Biota of the upper Mississippi River ecosystem"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70148108,"text":"70148108 - 1995 - Our living resources: A report to the nation on the distribution, abundance, and health of U.S. plants, animals, and ecosystems","indexId":"70148108","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"title":"Our living resources: A report to the nation on the distribution, abundance, and health of U.S. plants, animals, and ecosystems"},"id":5},{"subject":{"id":85718,"text":"85718 - 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This information has many potential uses: it can document successful management efforts so resource managers will know what has worked well; it can identify problems so managers can take early action to restore the resource in the most cost-efficient manner; and it can be used to highlight areas where additional research is needed, such as to determine why certain ecological changes are occurring. This report will also be useful to teachers, students, journalists, and citizens in general who are interested in national resource issues.
Another purpose of this report is to help identify gaps in existing resource inventory and monitoring programs. It contains information collected by a variety of existing research and monitoring efforts by scientists in the National Biological Service, other federal and state agencies, academia, and the private sector. The programs that produced the information in this document were not developed in a coordinated fashion to produce an integrated, comprehensive picture of the status and trends of our nation’s resources; rather, each was developed for its own particular purpose, usually to help manage a specific resource. Thus, even though articles vary greatly in scope, design, and purpose, this report has identified and attempted to combine many of the existing information sources into a broad picture of the condition of our resources. In the future, these sources will be complemented by additional information from other sources - such as state agencies and other inventory and monitoring studies - to fill in the gaps of knowledge and to provide a more complete understanding of the status of our living resources.
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Rico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-15T12:40:26","indexId":"70196062","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3385,"text":"Shore & Beach","printIssn":"0037-4237","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Beach erosion and coastal development at Rincón, Puerto Rico","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Shore and Beach Preservation Association (ASBPA)","usgsCitation":"Thieler, E.R., Rodriguez, R.W., and Carlo, M., 1995, Beach erosion and coastal development at Rincón, Puerto Rico: Shore & Beach, v. 63, no. 4, p. 18-28.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"18","endPage":"28","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352561,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":352560,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://asbpa.org/publications/shore-and-beach/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Puerto Rico","otherGeospatial":"Rincón","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -67.30499267578125,\n 18.28119224087684\n ],\n [\n -67.19512939453125,\n 18.28119224087684\n ],\n [\n -67.19512939453125,\n 18.39525280169142\n ],\n [\n -67.30499267578125,\n 18.39525280169142\n ],\n [\n -67.30499267578125,\n 18.28119224087684\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"63","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5aff20d0e4b0da30c1bfd5df","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thieler, E. Robert 0000-0003-4311-9717 rthieler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4311-9717","contributorId":2488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thieler","given":"E.","email":"rthieler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Robert","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":731175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rodriguez, Rafael W. rrodrigu@usgs.gov","contributorId":1685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodriguez","given":"Rafael","email":"rrodrigu@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":731176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carlo, Milton","contributorId":21988,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlo","given":"Milton","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":731177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70182282,"text":"70182282 - 1995 - Characterization of a rhabdovirus isolated from carpione Salmo trutta carpio in Italy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-22T13:27:51","indexId":"70182282","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1396,"text":"Diseases of Aquatic Organisms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterization of a rhabdovirus isolated from carpione Salmo trutta carpio in Italy","docAbstract":"A virus, strain 583, was isolated from carpione Salmo trutta carpio fry exhibiting high mortality. The virus was not neutralized by rabbit antisera against the fish rhabdoviruses viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV), infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus, eel rhabdovirus European X, spring viraemia of carp virus or pike fry rhabdovirus, or against the birnavirus infectious pancreatic necrosis virus. The virus replicated in several fish cell lines incubated at 20 to 25*C and grew optimally in the bluegill fry (BF-2) and fathead minnow (FHM) cell lines. Electron microscopy of infected BF-2 cell cultures revealed the presence of typical rhabdovirus particles, and immunofluorescent staining was observed using various polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against Egtved virus, the causative agent of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia. The staining by a MAb against the nucleoprotein (N) of VHSV was particularly strong, a MAb against the glycoprotein (G) gave a moderate reaction, whereas a second MAb against the G protein and MAbs against the matrix proteins, M_(1) and M_(2), of VHSV did not react. Fluorescence titres using 3 rabbit antisera against whole Egtved virus varied between negative and moderately positive. Western blotting using polyclonal and monoclonal sera confirmed that both the N and G proteins of the carpione virus shared some epitopes with those of VHSV, but the M_(1) and M_(2) proteins did not. SDS-PAGE showed the structural proteins of the carpione virus produced a pattern typical of members of the Lyssavirus genus of the Rhabdoviridae and the molecular weights were very similar to those of VHSV, except for the M_(2) protein which was somewhat smaller. Infection trials showed the carpione virus induced high mortalities in carpione fry but not in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss fry. The carpione virus was clearly distinguishable from Egtved virus despite limited serological cross reaction. Since it was also easily distinguishable by immunofluorescence from the other fish rhabdoviruses included in the present study as well as in studies published elsewhere, it is concluded that the virus is a previously undescribed one. It is proposed that the virus be given the preliminary designation 'carpione rhabdovirus'.
","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research","doi":"10.3354/dao021115","usgsCitation":"Bovo, G., Olesen, N., Jorgensen, P., Ahne, W., and Winton, J., 1995, Characterization of a rhabdovirus isolated from carpione Salmo trutta carpio in Italy: Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, v. 21, p. 115-122, https://doi.org/10.3354/dao021115.","productDescription":"8 p. ","startPage":"115","endPage":"122","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":335967,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58aeb144e4b01ccd54f9ee5e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bovo, G.","contributorId":152144,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bovo","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":670361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Olesen, N.J.","contributorId":179023,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Olesen","given":"N.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":670362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jorgensen, P.E.V.","contributorId":178969,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jorgensen","given":"P.E.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":670363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ahne, W.","contributorId":28554,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ahne","given":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":670364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Winton, J. R. 0000-0002-3505-5509","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3505-5509","contributorId":82441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winton","given":"J. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":670365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70186250,"text":"70186250 - 1995 - A remote sensing based vegetation classification logic for global land cover analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-03T11:25:34","indexId":"70186250","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A remote sensing based vegetation classification logic for global land cover analysis","docAbstract":"This article proposes a simple new logic for classifying global vegetation. The critical features of this classification are that 1) it is based on simple, observable, unambiguous characteristics of vegetation structure that are important to ecosystem biogeochemistry and can be measured in the field for validation, 2) the structural characteristics are remotely sensible so that repeatable and efficient global reclassifications of existing vegetation will be possible, and 3) the defined vegetation classes directly translate into the biophysical parameters of interest by global climate and biogeochemical models. A first test of this logic for the continental United States is presented based on an existing 1 km AVHRR normalized difference vegetation index database. Procedures for solving critical remote sensing problems needed to implement the classification are discussed. Also, some inferences from this classification to advanced vegetation biophysical variables such as specific leaf area and photosynthetic capacity useful to global biogeochemical modeling are suggested.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0034-4257(94)00063-S","usgsCitation":"Running, S.W., Loveland, T.R., Pierce, L.L., Nemani, R., and Hunt, E.R., 1995, A remote sensing based vegetation classification logic for global land cover analysis: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 51, no. 1, p. 39-48, https://doi.org/10.1016/0034-4257(94)00063-S.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"39","endPage":"48","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":339019,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"51","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58e35f8fe4b09da67997ece2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Running, Steven W. 0000-0001-6906-3841","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6906-3841","contributorId":53258,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Running","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":7089,"text":"University of Montana, Missoula, MT","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":688006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loveland, Thomas R. 0000-0003-3114-6646 loveland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3114-6646","contributorId":140256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loveland","given":"Thomas","email":"loveland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":688007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pierce, Lars L.","contributorId":190275,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pierce","given":"Lars","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nemani, R.R.","contributorId":51133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nemani","given":"R.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hunt, E. Raymond Jr.","contributorId":60557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"E.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"Raymond","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":1000782,"text":"1000782 - 1995 - Effect of gear selectivity on recommended allowable harvest with application to the Lake Erie yellow perch fishery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-21T11:42:24","indexId":"1000782","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of gear selectivity on recommended allowable harvest with application to the Lake Erie yellow perch fishery","docAbstract":"Low recruitment rates prevail among ducks in the Prairie Pothole Region of North America, primarily because of high nest depredation rates. The red fox (Vulpes vulpes) is a major predator of duck eggs, but fox abundance is depressed by coyotes (Canis latrans). We tested the hypothesis that nest success of upland-nesting ducks is higher in areas with coyotes than in areas with red foxes. We conducted the study during 1990-92 in uplands of 36 areas managed for nesting ducks in North Dakota and South Dakota. Overall nest success averaged 32% (95% CI = 25-40) on 17 study areas where coyotes were the principal canid and 17% (CI = 11-25) on 13 study areas where red foxes were the principal canid (P = 0.01). Both canids were common on 6 other areas, where nest success averaged 25% (CI = 13-47). Habitat composition, predator communities with the exception of canids, and species composition of duck nests in coyote and red fox areas were similar overall. Upon examining only nests with greater than or equal to 6 eggs on the last visit prior to hatch or depredation, we determined nests with evidence characteristic of fox predation accounted for 4% of depredated nests in coyote areas and 27% in fox areas (P = 0.001). An expanding coyote population is contributing to higher overall nest success. Management of coyotes may be an effective method for increasing duck nest success.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, New Jersey","doi":"10.2307/3809108","usgsCitation":"Sovada, M.A., Sargeant, A., and Grier, J., 1995, Differential effects of coyotes and red foxes on duck nest success: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 59, no. 1, p. 1-9, https://doi.org/10.2307/3809108.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"9","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":320005,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota; South Dakota","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -100.162353515625,\n 48.99463598353408\n ],\n [\n -100.250244140625,\n 45.92822950933618\n ],\n [\n -98.701171875,\n 45.92822950933618\n ],\n [\n -98.6572265625,\n 45.034714778688624\n ],\n [\n -96.45996093749999,\n 44.98034238084973\n ],\n [\n -96.50390625,\n 45.36758436884978\n ],\n [\n -96.83349609375,\n 45.56021795715051\n ],\n [\n -96.624755859375,\n 45.78284835197676\n ],\n [\n -96.558837890625,\n 46.18743678432541\n ],\n [\n -96.70166015624999,\n 46.40756396630067\n ],\n [\n -96.844482421875,\n 46.800059446787316\n ],\n [\n -96.910400390625,\n 47.635783590864854\n ],\n [\n -97.20703125,\n 48.188063481211415\n ],\n [\n -97.22900390625,\n 48.99463598353408\n ],\n [\n -100.162353515625,\n 48.99463598353408\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"59","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"570e1c30e4b0ef3b7ca24c22","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sovada, Marsha A. msovada@usgs.gov","contributorId":2601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sovada","given":"Marsha","email":"msovada@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":626564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sargeant, A.","contributorId":64598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sargeant","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":626565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grier, J.W.","contributorId":33277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grier","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":626566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1000705,"text":"1000705 - 1995 - Hatching, dispersal, and bathymetric distribution of age-0 wild lake trout at the Gull Island Shoal complex, Lake Superior","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-14T11:21:58","indexId":"1000705","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hatching, dispersal, and bathymetric distribution of age-0 wild lake trout at the Gull Island Shoal complex, Lake Superior","docAbstract":"We studied age-0 lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) associated with spawning and nursery areas of the Gull Island Shoal complex in western Lake Superior. Post-emergent age-0 lake trout were captured on rocky spawning substrate with a 3-m beam trawl and at the nursery area with a bottom trawl from June to September 1990 and June to August 1991. Catch data suggested that age-0 lake trout move distances of 7–11 km to the nursery area over a 3-month period. Water currents, measured at Gull Island Shoal, may be a part of the transport mechanism. Examination of daily-growth increments on the sagittae and back-calculation from the date of capture revealed that most fish hatched between 6 June and 19 July in 1990 and between 30 April and 30 May in 1991. The duration of the hatch was 100 days in 1990 and 120 days in 1991, and the estimated incubation period is about 7 months for lake trout eggs at this site. Similar hatch-date distributions of age-0 captured on different sampling dates suggested that natural mortality was low.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0380-1330(95)71096-6","usgsCitation":"Bronte, C.R., Selgeby, J.H., Saylor, J.H., Miller, G.S., and Foster, N.R., 1995, Hatching, dispersal, and bathymetric distribution of age-0 wild lake trout at the Gull Island Shoal complex, Lake Superior: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 21, p. 233-245, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0380-1330(95)71096-6.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"233","endPage":"245","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":128713,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6fe4b07f02db640eff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bronte, Charles R.","contributorId":83050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bronte","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Selgeby, James H.","contributorId":89828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Selgeby","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Saylor, James H.","contributorId":76259,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saylor","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Miller, Gerald S.","contributorId":23099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Gerald","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Foster, Neal R.","contributorId":67451,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"Neal","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":1000635,"text":"1000635 - 1995 - Size limitation on zebra mussels consumed by freshwater drum may preclude the effectiveness of drum as a biological controller","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-14T09:58:14","indexId":"1000635","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2299,"text":"Journal of Freshwater Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Size limitation on zebra mussels consumed by freshwater drum may preclude the effectiveness of drum as a biological controller","docAbstract":"The septa lengths of bivalve shells were used to estimate shell lengths of the largest zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) crushed and consumed by freshwater drum (Aplodinotus grunniens) to determine if size limitation could preclude the effectiveness of drum as a biological controller of the zebra mussel. We examined gut samples of drum (273 to 542 mm long) collected from western Lake Erie in 1991, found the largest mussel (shell length = 21.4 mm) in the 11th largest drum (TL = 405 mm), and observed a reduction of mussel size in larger drum. The lack of a relationship between mussel size and drum size for larger specimens suggests that either drum prefer smaller mussels or the gape between the upper and lower pharyngeal teeth restricts drum feeding to zebra mussels of limited size. Although drum may reduce zebra mussel populations, because of the apparent size limitation of prey it is unlikely that drum would be fully effective as a biological controller; thus, this fish should not be introduced beyond its native range for that purpose.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/02705060.1995.9663460","usgsCitation":"French, J.R., and Love, J.G., 1995, Size limitation on zebra mussels consumed by freshwater drum may preclude the effectiveness of drum as a biological controller: Journal of Freshwater Ecology, v. 10, no. 4, p. 379-383, https://doi.org/10.1080/02705060.1995.9663460.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"379","endPage":"383","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132857,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f3e4b07f02db5ef331","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"French, John R. P. III","contributorId":107635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"French","given":"John","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"R. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Love, Joy G.","contributorId":107660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Love","given":"Joy","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1000708,"text":"1000708 - 1995 - Introduction to the Proceedings of the 1994 International Conference on Restoration of Lake Trout in the Laurentian Great Lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-14T11:07:17","indexId":"1000708","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Introduction to the Proceedings of the 1994 International Conference on Restoration of Lake Trout in the Laurentian Great Lakes","docAbstract":"Lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) restoration in the Great Lakes began in the 1950s when stocking of artificially propagated lake trout was coupled with the first attempts at sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) control. A major milestone in the restoration process was recorded when a selective sea lamprey larvicide was identified in 1958 (Applegate et al. 1958) and then applied broad scale in Lake Superior in 1958-60 (Applegate et al. 1961). Other milestones include the expansion of the sea lamprey control programs into Lakes Michigan and Huron in 1960 (sustained usage in Lake Huron began in 1966, Smith and Tibbles 1980), Lake Ontario in 1971-72 (Elrod et al. 1995), and Lake Erie in 1986 (Cornelius et al. 1995). Following the collapse of lake trout in the Great Lakes and the implementation of massive stocking of hatchery-reared fish and effective sea lamprey control, the first documented evidence of nearshore natural reproduction of lake trout was in Lake Superior in 1965 (Dryer and King 1968), in Lake Michigan in 1980 (Jude et al. 1981), in Lake Huron in 1981-82 (Nester and Poe 1984), and in Lake Ontario in 1986 (Marsden et al. 1988).
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0380-1330(95)71078-4","usgsCitation":"Selgeby, J.H., 1995, Introduction to the Proceedings of the 1994 International Conference on Restoration of Lake Trout in the Laurentian Great Lakes: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 21, p. 1-2, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0380-1330(95)71078-4.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"2","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":128885,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4881e4b07f02db516717","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Selgeby, James H.","contributorId":89828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Selgeby","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1000636,"text":"1000636 - 1995 - Fisheries management to reduce contaminant consumption","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-14T10:55:07","indexId":"1000636","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":997,"text":"BioScience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fisheries management to reduce contaminant consumption","docAbstract":"This paper concludes that contaminants in Lake Michigan fishes are likely to remain above detectable levels for some time. Some interest groups have called for measures ranging from additional effluent controls to a ban on the industrial use of chlorine. Such measures, however well intended, are likely to have little impact on many of the contaminants of primary concern. PCBs, in particular, are largely the legacy of past activities and are not likely to be substantially affected by additional regulation. The authors review several options for reducing human exposure to PCBs, using relatively simple fisheries manipulations, although they do not propose that these measures are the ultimate solution to the contaminant problem. Of the options presented, the most promising is the replacement of lake trout with less-contaminated species, such as rainbow trout.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.2307/1312627","usgsCitation":"Stow, C., Carpenter, S.R., Madenjian, C.P., Eby, L.A., and Jackson, L.J., 1995, Fisheries management to reduce contaminant consumption: BioScience, v. 45, no. 11, p. 752-758, https://doi.org/10.2307/1312627.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"752","endPage":"758","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":128714,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e3e4b07f02db5e5aed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stow, Craig A.","contributorId":49733,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stow","given":"Craig A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carpenter, Stephen R.","contributorId":89477,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carpenter","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Madenjian, Charles P. 0000-0002-0326-164X cmadenjian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0326-164X","contributorId":2200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madenjian","given":"Charles","email":"cmadenjian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":308975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Eby, Lisa A.","contributorId":42910,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eby","given":"Lisa","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jackson, Leland J.","contributorId":49734,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackson","given":"Leland","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":1000637,"text":"1000637 - 1995 - Winter diet of lake herring (Coregonus artedi) in western Lake Superior","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-14T10:59:09","indexId":"1000637","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Winter diet of lake herring (Coregonus artedi) in western Lake Superior","docAbstract":"Lake herring (Coregonus artedi) and zooplankton samples were simultaneously collected through the ice in the Apostle Islands region of western Lake Superior to provide information on the winter feeding ecology of lake herring. Zooplankton constituted the entire diet of the 38 lake herring collected for this study. We found no evidence of piscivory, although it has been reported by anglers. Diet selectivities were calculated using a Wilcoxon signed-ranks test and showed a preference of lake herring for larger zooplankton, especially Diaptomus sicilis, whereas the smaller copepod,Cyclops bicuspidatus thomasi, and immature copepod stages were selected against. These data document that overwintering copepods are food for a broad size range of lake herring in winter.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0380-1330(95)71050-4","usgsCitation":"Link, J., Selgeby, J.H., Hoff, M.H., and Haskell, C., 1995, Winter diet of lake herring (Coregonus artedi) in western Lake Superior: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 21, no. 3, p. 395-399, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0380-1330(95)71050-4.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"395","endPage":"399","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133078,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e47dae4b07f02db4b64d4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Link, Jason","contributorId":8793,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Link","given":"Jason","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Selgeby, James H.","contributorId":89828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Selgeby","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hoff, Michael H.","contributorId":23878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoff","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Haskell, Craig","contributorId":51686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haskell","given":"Craig","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":1000781,"text":"1000781 - 1995 - Growth and survival of newly parasitic sea lampreys at representative winter temperatures","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-14T11:11:49","indexId":"1000781","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Growth and survival of newly parasitic sea lampreys at representative winter temperatures","docAbstract":"Larval sea lampreys Petromyzon marinus begin to metamorphose into their parasitic phase in July and migrate to the Great Lakes either in autumn, when they immediately feed on fish, or in spring after overwintering in the stream substrate. Survival and growth of newly parasitic autumn migrants (mean weight, 4.18 g) differed significantly between temperature treatments when sea lampreys were held over winter and allowed to feed on longnose suckers Catostomus catostomus at either the maximum available temperature (˜4°C) or normal surface temperature (minimum <1°C) in the Great Lakes during winter. Survival from December 1990 to June 1991 was 60% for the animals held in the warmer water but only 30% for the animals held in the colder water until 23 April. The average increase in weight was 8.23 g for the 35 survivors in the warmer water but only 5.15 g for the 17 survivors in the colder water. Average increases in weight from December to May for sea lampreys at both temperatures were 3.8 to 6.6 times greater than increases reported previously. A newly metamorphosed sea lamprey that migrates to the Great Lakes in autumn could be 2.5 to 3 times larger in June than one that overwinters in the stream substrate, where it cannot feed, and migrates in spring. Hence, autumn migrants may have an advantage in growth and survival over spring migrants, particularly if food supply is adequate in the warmest stratum of the lake during winter.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(1995)124<0380:GASONP>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Swink, W.D., 1995, Growth and survival of newly parasitic sea lampreys at representative winter temperatures: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 124, no. 3, p. 380-386, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1995)124<0380:GASONP>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"380","endPage":"386","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133617,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"124","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a60e4b07f02db63567d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Swink, William D.","contributorId":60586,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swink","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1000749,"text":"1000749 - 1995 - An evaluation of lake trout reproductive habitat on Clay Banks Reef, northwestern Lake Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-05T09:19:12","indexId":"1000749","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An evaluation of lake trout reproductive habitat on Clay Banks Reef, northwestern Lake Michigan","docAbstract":"The extinction of the native populations of lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) in Lake Michigan in about 1956 has been followed by a decades-long attempt to reestablish self-sustaining populations of this valuable species in habitats it formerly occupied throughout the lake. One of the most recent management strategies designed to facilitate recovery was to make a primary management objective the establishment of sanctuaries where stocked lake trout could be protected and self-sustaining populations reestablished. In the present study we employed habitat survey and mapping techniques, field and laboratory bioassays, egg traps, sediment traps, and gill nets to examine the potential for successful natural reproduction by stocked lake trout on Clay Banks Reef in the Door-Kewaunee sanctuary in Wisconsin waters of Lake Michigan. Our study revealed (1) there was suitable habitat on the reef to support the production of viable fry, (2) spawner abundance on the reef was the highest recorded in the great lakes, and (3) eggs taken from spawners on the reef and held on the reef in plexiglas incubators hatched and produced fry that survived through swim-up. We conclude that Clay Banks Reef has the potential to support successful natural reproduction by stocked lake trout.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/S0380-1330(95)71114-5","usgsCitation":"Edsall, T.A., Holey, M.E., Manny, B.A., and Kennedy, G.W., 1995, An evaluation of lake trout reproductive habitat on Clay Banks Reef, northwestern Lake Michigan: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 21, p. 418-432, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0380-1330(95)71114-5.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"418","endPage":"432","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130553,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":266969,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0380-1330(95)71114-5"}],"volume":"21","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad8e4b07f02db68497b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Edsall, Thomas A.","contributorId":84302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edsall","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":309323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Holey, Mark E.","contributorId":13174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holey","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Manny, Bruce A. 0000-0002-4074-9329 bmanny@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4074-9329","contributorId":3699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manny","given":"Bruce","email":"bmanny@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":309320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kennedy, Gregory W. 0000-0003-1686-6960 gkennedy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1686-6960","contributorId":3700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"Gregory","email":"gkennedy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":309321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":1000750,"text":"1000750 - 1995 - Availability of lake trout reproductive habitat in the Great Lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-05T14:36:06","indexId":"1000750","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Availability of lake trout reproductive habitat in the Great Lakes","docAbstract":"A decades-long program to reestablish self-sustaining stocks of lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) in the four lower Great Lakes produced excellent fisheries supported by stocked fish. These fish spawned widely and small numbers of their offspring were collected intermittently from Lakes Michigan, Huron, and Ontario, but no self-sustaining stocks were established. Irt this paper we address habitat sufficiency as a factor in the failure of stocked lake trout to established self-sustaining populations in the four lower Great Lakes. We present the previously unpublished results of lake trout spawning habitat surveys conducted at seven sites in the Great Lakes since 1987 and we compare them with the published results of similar surveys conducted at 24 other sites in the four lower lakes since 1981. Our evaluation indicates all but two of these sites can support the production of viable fry from spawnings by the shallow-water strains of lake trout that are stocked in the Great Lakes. However, some of the best spawning, egg, and fry habitat in the lower Great Lakes seems to be at deeper offshore sites that may be unattractive to these shallow-water strains. Thus, we suggest also stocking the lower four lakes with strains from Lake Superior that might more fully exploit the best spawning habitat at these deeper, offshore sites.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/S0380-1330(95)71103-0","usgsCitation":"Edsall, T.A., and Kennedy, G.W., 1995, Availability of lake trout reproductive habitat in the Great Lakes: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 21, p. 290-301, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0380-1330(95)71103-0.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"290","endPage":"301","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133151,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":267040,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0380-1330(95)71103-0"}],"volume":"21","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a82e4b07f02db64ad95","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Edsall, Thomas A.","contributorId":84302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edsall","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":309325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kennedy, Gregory W. 0000-0003-1686-6960 gkennedy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1686-6960","contributorId":3700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"Gregory","email":"gkennedy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":309324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1000707,"text":"1000707 - 1995 - Lake trout restoration in the Great Lakes: stock-size criteria for natural reproduction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-14T10:04:12","indexId":"1000707","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lake trout restoration in the Great Lakes: stock-size criteria for natural reproduction","docAbstract":"We examined the question of whether the lake trout restoration program in the Great Lakes has developed brood stocks of adequate size to sustain natural reproduction. Stock size criteria were developed from areas of the Great Lakes where natural reproduction has been successful (defined as detection of age-1 or older recruits by assessment fishing). We contrasted them with stocks in areas with no natural reproduction. Based on the relative abundance of spawners measured in the fall and the presence or absence of natural reproduction in 24 areas of the Great Lakes, we found three distinct sets of lake trout populations. In seven areas of successful natural reproduction, the catch-per-unit-effort (CPE) of spawners ranged from 17 to 135 fish/305 m of gillnet. Stock sizes in these areas were used as a gauge against which stocks in other areas were contrasted. We conclude that stock densities of 17-135 fish/305 m of gill net are adequate for natural reproduction, provided that all other requirements are met. No natural reproduction has been detected in seven other areas, where CPEs of spawners ranged from only 3 to 5 fish/305 m. We conclude that spawning stocks of only 3-5 fish/305 m of net are inadequate to develop measurable natural reproduction. Natural reproduction has also not been detected in ten areas where CPEs of spawners ranged from 43 to 195 fish/305 m of net. We conclude that spawning stocks in these ten areas were adequate to sustain natural reproduction, but that some factor other than parental stock size prevented recruitment of wild lake trout.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0380-1330(95)71121-2","usgsCitation":"Selgeby, J.H., Bronte, C.R., Brown, E., Hansen, M.J., Holey, M.E., VanAmberg, J.P., Muth, K.M., Makauskas, D.B., Mckee, P., Anderson, D.M., Ferreri, C., and Schram, S.T., 1995, Lake trout restoration in the Great Lakes: stock-size criteria for natural reproduction: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 21, p. 498-504, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0380-1330(95)71121-2.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"498","endPage":"504","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131524,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b25e4b07f02db6aed70","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Selgeby, James H.","contributorId":89828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Selgeby","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bronte, Charles R.","contributorId":83050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bronte","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brown, Edward H.","contributorId":49732,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Edward H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hansen, Michael J. 0000-0001-8522-3876 michaelhansen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8522-3876","contributorId":5006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"Michael","email":"michaelhansen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":309180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Holey, Mark E.","contributorId":13174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holey","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"VanAmberg, Jan P.","contributorId":36899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"VanAmberg","given":"Jan","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Muth, Kenneth M.","contributorId":44863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muth","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Makauskas, Daniel B.","contributorId":50856,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Makauskas","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Mckee, Patrick","contributorId":89094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mckee","given":"Patrick","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Anderson, David M.","contributorId":36508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Ferreri, C. Paola","contributorId":8416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferreri","given":"C. Paola","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Schram, Stephen T.","contributorId":59384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schram","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":1000719,"text":"1000719 - 1995 - Population recovery and natural recruitment of lake trout at Gull Island Shoal, Lake Superior, 1964-1992","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-14T14:20:49","indexId":"1000719","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Population recovery and natural recruitment of lake trout at Gull Island Shoal, Lake Superior, 1964-1992","docAbstract":"We documented an increase in the abundance of wild lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) at Gull Island Shoal in western Lake Superior and examined the relationship between parental-stock size and recruitment of age-0 fish in 1964–1992. Abundance of adult wild female lake trout and densities of age-0 fish both increased during the 28-year period. A significant positive, linear relationship (P = 0.0002) was found between the abundance of wild females on the spawning reef in the fall and density of age-0 lake trout on adjacent nursery grounds in August and September of the following year. The abundance of hatchery-origin females did not explain significant amounts (P = 0.107) of variation in recruitment. We concluded that most recruitment in 1965–1992 was the result of natural reproduction of wild females. After 28 years of recovery the Gull Island Shoal lake trout population appears to have additional capacity to increase because the stock-recruitment relationship is still linear. Therefore, restoration periods on the order of 30 years may be needed for other lake trout populations in the Great Lakes. We recommend that the refuge established to protect this population be maintained to allow further study of the relationship between parental stock and recruitment, and to provide a major source of recruitment to the lake trout population in the surrounding waters
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0380-1330(95)71095-4","usgsCitation":"Schram, S.T., Selgeby, J.H., Bronte, C.R., and Swanson, B.L., 1995, Population recovery and natural recruitment of lake trout at Gull Island Shoal, Lake Superior, 1964-1992: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 21, no. Supplement 1, p. 225-232, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0380-1330(95)71095-4.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"225","endPage":"232","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133264,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"Supplement 1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68a56e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schram, Stephen T.","contributorId":59384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schram","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Selgeby, James H.","contributorId":89828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Selgeby","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bronte, Charles R.","contributorId":83050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bronte","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Swanson, Bruce L.","contributorId":105660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":1000720,"text":"1000720 - 1995 - Lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) populations in Lake Superior and their restoration in 1959-1993","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-21T11:44:13","indexId":"1000720","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) populations in Lake Superior and their restoration in 1959-1993","docAbstract":"Naturally-reproducing populations of lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) have been reestablished in most of Lake Superior, but have not been restored to 1929-1943 average abundance. Progress toward lake trout restoration in Lake Superior is described, management actions are reviewed, and the effectiveness of those actions is evaluated; especially stocking lake trout as a tool for building spawning stocks, and subsequently, populations of wild recruits. Widespread destruction of lake trout stocks in the 1950s due to an intense fishery and sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) predation resulted in lower overall phenotypic diversity than was previously present. Stocking of yearling lake trout, begun in the 1950s, produced high densities of spawners that reproduced wherever inshore spawning habitat was widespread. Sea lampreys were greatly reduced, beginning in 1961, using selective chemical toxicants and barrier dams, but continue to exert substantial mortality. Fishery regulation was least effective in Wisconsin, where excessive gillnet effort caused high by-catch of lake trout until 1991, and in eastern Michigan, where lake trout restoration was deferred in favor of a tribal fishery for lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) in 1985. Restoration of stocks was quicker in offshore areas where remnant wild lake trout survived and fishing intensity was low, and was slower in inshore areas where stocked lake trout reproduced successfully and fishing intensity was high. Inshore stocks of wild lake trout are currently about 61 % of historic abundance in Michigan and 53% in Wisconsin. Direct comparison of modern and historic abundances of inshore lake trout stocks in Minnesota and Ontario is impossible due to lack of historic stock assessment data. Stocks in Minnesota are less abundant at present than in Michigan or Wisconsin, and stocks in Ontario are similar to those in Michigan. Further progress in stock recovery can only be achieved if sea lampreys are depressed and if fisheries are constrained further than at present.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0380-1330(95)71088-7","usgsCitation":"Hansen, M.J., Peck, J.W., Schorfhaar, R.G., Selgeby, J.H., Schreiner, D.R., Schram, S.T., Swanson, B.L., MacCallum, W.R., Burnham-Curtis, M.K., Curtis, G.L., Heinrich, J.W., and Young, R.J., 1995, Lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) populations in Lake Superior and their restoration in 1959-1993: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 21, no. Supplement 1, p. 152-175, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0380-1330(95)71088-7.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"152","endPage":"175","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133086,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"Supplement 1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b4316","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hansen, Michael J. 0000-0001-8522-3876 michaelhansen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8522-3876","contributorId":5006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"Michael","email":"michaelhansen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":309228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peck, James W.","contributorId":78277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peck","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schorfhaar, Richard G.","contributorId":76258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schorfhaar","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Selgeby, James H.","contributorId":89828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Selgeby","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schreiner, Donald R.","contributorId":108051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schreiner","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schram, Stephen T.","contributorId":59384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schram","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Swanson, Bruce L.","contributorId":105660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"MacCallum, Wayne R.","contributorId":53727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacCallum","given":"Wayne","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Burnham-Curtis, Mary K.","contributorId":78267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burnham-Curtis","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Curtis, Gary L.","contributorId":16356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Curtis","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Heinrich, John W.","contributorId":63754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heinrich","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Young, Robert J.","contributorId":31356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":1000655,"text":"1000655 - 1995 - Planktivory by alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) and rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax) on microcrustacean zooplankton and dreissenid (Bivalvia: Dreissenidae) veligers in southern Lake Ontario","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-14T13:56:50","indexId":"1000655","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Planktivory by alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) and rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax) on microcrustacean zooplankton and dreissenid (Bivalvia: Dreissenidae) veligers in southern Lake Ontario","docAbstract":"The objective of this study was to describe the diet of young-of-the-year and adult alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) and rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax) in nearshore waters coincident with the colonization of Lake Ontario by Dreissena. Laboratory experiments and field observations indicated that alewife and rainbow smelt consumed dreissenid veligers and that the veligers remained intact and identifiable in the digestive tract for several hours. Dreissenid larvae were found in field-caught alewife and rainbow smelt in August 1992, even though veliger densities were low (<0.1/L). Zooplankton dominated the diet of all fish and veliger larvae were <0.1% of the biomass of prey eaten by these fish. Density of veligers and the distribution of settled dreissenids declined from west to east along the south shore of Lake Ontario. Based on veliger consumption rates we measured and the abundance of veligers and planktivores, we conclude that planktivory by alewife and smelt in the nearshore waters of Lake Ontario did not substantially reduce the number of veligers during 1991–1993. However, our results indicate that if the density of veligers in Lake Ontario decreases, and if planktivores remain abundant, planktivory on veliger populations could be significant.
","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/f95-092","usgsCitation":"Mills, E.L., O’Gorman, R., Roseman, E., Adams, C., and Owens, R.W., 1995, Planktivory by alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) and rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax) on microcrustacean zooplankton and dreissenid (Bivalvia: Dreissenidae) veligers in southern Lake Ontario: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 52, no. 5, p. 925-935, https://doi.org/10.1139/f95-092.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"925","endPage":"935","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132832,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adae4b07f02db6855ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mills, Edward L.","contributorId":61387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mills","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Gorman, Robert rogorman@usgs.gov","contributorId":3451,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Gorman","given":"Robert","email":"rogorman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":309026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Roseman, Edward F.","contributorId":100334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roseman","given":"Edward F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Adams, Connie","contributorId":66647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Connie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Owens, Randall W.","contributorId":23871,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Owens","given":"Randall","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":1000664,"text":"1000664 - 1995 - Partnerships and opportunities: The archival management of geographic information systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-14T11:28:53","indexId":"1000664","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":884,"text":"Archival Issues","printIssn":"1067-4993","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Partnerships and opportunities: The archival management of geographic information systems","docAbstract":"This article provides an overview of geographic information systems (GISs) technology and applications. It discusses its implications for archives, including a review of the existing literature. Finally, the article recommends a strategy for managing such systems based on the study of an environmental GIS application in a federal research center and on the vision recently expressed by David Bearman and Margaret Hedstrom. A multi-staged approach to the archival management of GISs is recommended and new partnerships are suggested to aid archivists in the future management of these systems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Midwest Archives Conference","usgsCitation":"Zimmerman, A., 1995, Partnerships and opportunities: The archival management of geographic information systems: Archival Issues, v. 20, no. 1, p. 23-37.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"23","endPage":"37","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":320049,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/41101897"},{"id":133447,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ae37e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zimmerman, Ann","contributorId":91047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"Ann","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}