{"pageNumber":"3948","pageRowStart":"98675","pageSize":"25","recordCount":185143,"records":[{"id":5210906,"text":"5210906 - 1994 - Preparing amphibians as scientific specimens","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:27","indexId":"5210906","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:18","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Preparing amphibians as scientific specimens","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Measuring and monitoring biological diversity: Standard methods for amphibians","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Smithsonian Institution Press","publisherLocation":"Washington, DC","usgsCitation":"McDiarmid, R., 1994, Preparing amphibians as scientific specimens, chap. <i>of</i> Measuring and monitoring biological diversity: Standard methods for amphibians, p. 289-297.","productDescription":"xix, 364","startPage":"289","endPage":"297","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203236,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaae4b07f02db669132","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Heyer, W. Ronald","contributorId":95004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heyer","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Ronald","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":507318,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Donnelly, Maureen A.","contributorId":112014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Donnelly","given":"Maureen","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":507319,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McDiarmid, Roy W. 0000-0002-7649-1796 rmcdiarmid@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7649-1796","contributorId":3603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDiarmid","given":"Roy","email":"rmcdiarmid@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":507315,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hayek, Lee-Ann C.","contributorId":16730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayek","given":"Lee-Ann","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":507316,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Foster, Mercedes S.","contributorId":72088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"Mercedes","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":507317,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":5}],"authors":[{"text":"McDiarmid, R.W.","contributorId":15130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDiarmid","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":329536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5210903,"text":"5210903 - 1994 - Keys to a successful project: associated data and planning.  Voucher specimens","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:27","indexId":"5210903","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:18","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Keys to a successful project: associated data and planning.  Voucher specimens","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Measuring and monitoring biological diversity: Standard methods for amphibians","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Smithsonian Institution Press","publisherLocation":"Washington, DC.","usgsCitation":"Reynolds, R., Crombie, R., and McDiarmid, R., 1994, Keys to a successful project: associated data and planning.  Voucher specimens, chap. <i>of</i> Measuring and monitoring biological diversity: Standard methods for amphibians, p. 66-71.","productDescription":"xix, 364","startPage":"66","endPage":"71","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203191,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b47eb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reynolds, R.P.","contributorId":104439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"R.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":329530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Crombie, R.I.","contributorId":46192,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crombie","given":"R.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":329529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McDiarmid, R.W.","contributorId":15130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDiarmid","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":329528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5210502,"text":"5210502 - 1994 - Purple martin Progne subis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:15","indexId":"5210502","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:17","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Purple martin Progne subis","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Atlas of Breeding Birds in New Hampshire","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Audubon Society of New Hampshire","publisherLocation":"Dover, NH","usgsCitation":"Robbins, C., 1994, Purple martin Progne subis, chap. <i>of</i> Atlas of Breeding Birds in New Hampshire, p. 166-167.","productDescription":"xiii, 414","startPage":"166","endPage":"167","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200741,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a90e4b07f02db6557a4","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Foss, Carol R.","contributorId":112213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foss","given":"Carol","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506559,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Robbins, C.S.","contributorId":53907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robbins","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5210504,"text":"5210504 - 1994 - Foreword","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:15","indexId":"5210504","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:17","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Foreword","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Atlas of Breeding Birds in New Hampshire","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Audubon Society of New Hampshire","publisherLocation":"Dover, NH","usgsCitation":"Robbins, C., 1994, Foreword, chap. <i>of</i> Atlas of Breeding Birds in New Hampshire.","productDescription":"xiii, 414","startPage":"ix","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200743,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae498","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Foss, Carol R.","contributorId":112213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foss","given":"Carol","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506561,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Robbins, C.S.","contributorId":53907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robbins","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5210503,"text":"5210503 - 1994 - Whip-poor-will Caprimulgus vociferus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:15","indexId":"5210503","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:17","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Whip-poor-will Caprimulgus vociferus","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Atlas of Breeding Birds in New Hampshire","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Audubon Society of New Hampshire","publisherLocation":"Dover, NH","usgsCitation":"Robbins, C., 1994, Whip-poor-will Caprimulgus vociferus, chap. <i>of</i> Atlas of Breeding Birds in New Hampshire, p. 120-121.","productDescription":"xiii, 414","startPage":"120","endPage":"121","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200742,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e1e4b07f02db5e48d0","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Foss, Carol R.","contributorId":112213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foss","given":"Carol","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506560,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Robbins, C.S.","contributorId":53907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robbins","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5210556,"text":"5210556 - 1994 - Roseate tern (Sterna dougalli)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:16","indexId":"5210556","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:17","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesNumber":"113","title":"Roseate tern (Sterna dougalli)","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The Atlas of Breeding Birds of Connecticut","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"State Geological and Natural History Survey of Connecticut","publisherLocation":"Hartford","usgsCitation":"Spendelow, J., 1994, Roseate tern (Sterna dougalli), chap. <i>of</i> The Atlas of Breeding Birds of Connecticut, p. 148-149.","productDescription":"xvii, 461","startPage":"148","endPage":"149","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200885,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db6864cf","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Bevier, Louis R.","contributorId":112708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bevier","given":"Louis","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506676,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Spendelow, J. A. 0000-0001-8167-0898","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8167-0898","contributorId":72478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spendelow","given":"J. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5210539,"text":"5210539 - 1994 - Measurements of toxicity and critical stages of development","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:17","indexId":"5210539","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:17","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Measurements of toxicity and critical stages of development","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wildlife Toxicology and Population Modeling: Integrated Studies of Agroecosystems, proceedings of the Ninth Pellston Workshop, Kiawah Island, South Carolina, July 22-27, 1990 ","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Lewis Publishers","publisherLocation":"Boca Raton, Florida.","collaboration":"OCLC:  28254726","usgsCitation":"Hoffman, D.J., 1994, Measurements of toxicity and critical stages of development, chap. <i>of</i> Wildlife Toxicology and Population Modeling: Integrated Studies of Agroecosystems, proceedings of the Ninth Pellston Workshop, Kiawah Island, South Carolina, July 22-27, 1990 , p. 47-67.","productDescription":"576","startPage":"47","endPage":"67","numberOfPages":"576","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200762,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a17e4b07f02db603f73","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Kendall, Ronald J.","contributorId":113771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506632,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lacher, Thomas E.= Jr.","contributorId":111853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lacher","given":"Thomas","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.=","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506631,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Hoffman, D. J.","contributorId":12801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5210553,"text":"5210553 - 1994 - Capture-recapture methods for bird population studies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:15","indexId":"5210553","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:17","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Capture-recapture methods for bird population studies","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Atti del VI Convegno Italiano di Ornitologia: Torino 8-11 Octtobre 1991","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Museo Regionale Scienze Naturali","publisherLocation":"Turin, Italy","collaboration":"Held October 8-11, 1991.  OCLC:  33156903","usgsCitation":"Nichols, J., 1994, Capture-recapture methods for bird population studies, chap. <i>of</i> Atti del VI Convegno Italiano di Ornitologia: Torino 8-11 Octtobre 1991, p. 31-51.","productDescription":"579","startPage":"31","endPage":"51","numberOfPages":"579","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200881,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fde4b07f02db5f5f4c","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Baldaccini, N.E.","contributorId":111372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baldaccini","given":"N.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506671,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mingozzi, T.","contributorId":112418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mingozzi","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506672,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Violani, C.","contributorId":114170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Violani","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506673,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5210545,"text":"5210545 - 1994 - Common tern (Sterna hirundo)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:20","indexId":"5210545","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:17","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesNumber":"113","title":"Common tern (Sterna hirundo)","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The Atlas of Breeding Birds of Connecticut","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"State Geological and Natural History Survey of Connecticut","publisherLocation":"Hartford","usgsCitation":"Spendelow, J., 1994, Common tern (Sterna hirundo), chap. <i>of</i> The Atlas of Breeding Birds of Connecticut, p. 150-151.","productDescription":"xvii, 461","startPage":"150","endPage":"151","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200713,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae5ff","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Bevier, Louis R.","contributorId":112708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bevier","given":"Louis","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506653,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Spendelow, J. A. 0000-0001-8167-0898","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8167-0898","contributorId":72478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spendelow","given":"J. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5210563,"text":"5210563 - 1994 - Wildlife radiotelemetry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:19","indexId":"5210563","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:17","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Wildlife radiotelemetry","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Research and Management Techniques for Wildlife Habitats","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","publisherLocation":"Bethesda, MD","usgsCitation":"Samuel, M., and Fuller, M., 1994, Wildlife radiotelemetry, chap. <i>of</i> Research and Management Techniques for Wildlife Habitats, p. 370-418.","productDescription":"xiii, 740","startPage":"370","endPage":"418","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200776,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"Fifth","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dee4b07f02db5e288f","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Bookhout, Theodore A.","contributorId":112449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bookhout","given":"Theodore","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506685,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Samuel, M.D.","contributorId":13910,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Samuel","given":"M.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fuller, M.R.","contributorId":71278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5210588,"text":"5210588 - 1994 - Organochlorine pesticides, chlorinated dioxins and furans, and PCBs in peregrine falcon Falco peregrinus eggs from the Kola peninsula, Russia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-23T13:35:38","indexId":"5210588","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:17","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Organochlorine pesticides, chlorinated dioxins and furans, and PCBs in peregrine falcon Falco peregrinus eggs from the Kola peninsula, Russia","docAbstract":"Nesting of a bog-associated population of mlgfatory Peregrine Falcons, Falco peregrinus, along the Ponoy River depression, Kola Peninsula, Russia, has been studied since 1977. In 1987 91 production rates averaged 1.94 young per active nest and the number of breeding pairs increased from 4 to 10. In 1991, most eyrie sites were visited during the egg stage and a 'sample' egg was collected for contaminant analysis. Eight Peregrine Falcon eggs contained relatively low concentrations of p,p' -DOE (DOE) (geometric mean 3.5  g/g) and of other organochlorine pesticides.  These DOE concentrations are similar to those reported in Peregrine Falcon eggs from an Alaskan population that had also showed a recent population increase. Eggshell thinning (11.4%) was similar to that found in Alaska. Concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were higher than DOE concentrations, comparable to the contamination profile shown by Peregrine Falcon populations in Fennoscandia, and were higher than those found in Alaskan birds. Before this study, no Peregrine Falcon eggs from Russia had 'been analyzed for PCB congeners, polychlorinated dibenzo- p-dioxins (PCDDs), or pol ychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCD Fs). Conversions of analytical concentrations of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), other PCDDs, PCDFs and PCB congeners based on relative aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase induction potencies allowed the estimation of total 2,3,7,8- TCDD equivalents (TEQs). The TEQs are in the range that is associated with embryonic mortality in other species. Even though the Peregrine Falcon population now seems to be released from decades of a DOT problem, exposure to other contaminant  continues.  There is an obvious need to assess further the sources and longer-term trends of the PCBs. We also report residue concentrations from one White-tailed Eagle, Haliaeetus albicilla, egg.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Raptor Conservation Today.  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Proceedings of the IV World Conference on Birds of Prey and Owls, Berlin, Germany, 10-17 May 1992, p. 739-749.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"739","endPage":"749","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200623,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68a7a7","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Meyburg, B-U.","contributorId":111505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyburg","given":"B-U.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506761,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chancellor, R.D.","contributorId":113487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chancellor","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506762,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Henny, Charles J.","contributorId":12578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henny","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ganusevich, S.A.","contributorId":52539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ganusevich","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ward, F.P.","contributorId":19916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"F.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schwartz, T.R.","contributorId":97451,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwartz","given":"T.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":5210535,"text":"5210535 - 1994 - Acute and subacute toxicology in evaluation of pesticide hazard to avian wildlife","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:17","indexId":"5210535","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:17","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Acute and subacute toxicology in evaluation of pesticide hazard to avian wildlife","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wildlife Toxicology and Population Modeling: Integrated Studies of Agroecosystems, proceedings of the Ninth Pellston Workshop, Kiawah Island, South Carolina, July 22-27, 1990 ","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Lewis Publishers","publisherLocation":"Boca Raton, Florida","collaboration":"OCLC:  28254726","usgsCitation":"Hill, E.F., 1994, Acute and subacute toxicology in evaluation of pesticide hazard to avian wildlife, chap. <i>of</i> Wildlife Toxicology and Population Modeling: Integrated Studies of Agroecosystems, proceedings of the Ninth Pellston Workshop, Kiawah Island, South Carolina, July 22-27, 1990 , p. 207-226.","productDescription":"576","startPage":"207","endPage":"226","numberOfPages":"576","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200692,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699c21","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Kendall, Ronald J.","contributorId":113771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506629,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lacher, Thomas E.= Jr.","contributorId":111853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lacher","given":"Thomas","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.=","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506628,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Hill, E. F.","contributorId":14362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5210516,"text":"5210516 - 1994 - Hows and whys of avian reproductive physiology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:19","indexId":"5210516","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:17","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Hows and whys of avian reproductive physiology","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Midwest Avian Research Expo, July 10, 1994, Buffalo","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"M.A.R.E. Federation","publisherLocation":"Bellbrook, Ohio","collaboration":"No editor.","usgsCitation":"Gee, G., 1994, Hows and whys of avian reproductive physiology, chap. <i>of</i> Midwest Avian Research Expo, July 10, 1994, Buffalo, p. 35-48.","productDescription":"68","startPage":"35","endPage":"48","numberOfPages":"68","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200578,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a52e4b07f02db62a726","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gee, G.F.","contributorId":70335,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gee","given":"G.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5210610,"text":"5210610 - 1994 - How valuable are the results of models and laboratory studies when extended to field situations?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:20","indexId":"5210610","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:17","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"How valuable are the results of models and laboratory studies when extended to field situations?","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wildlife Toxicology and Population Modeling: Integrated Studies of Agroecosystems, proceedings of the Ninth Pellston Workshop, Kiawah Island, South Carolina, July 22-27, 1990 ","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Lewis Publishers","publisherLocation":"Boca Raton, Florida","collaboration":"OCLC:  28254726","usgsCitation":"Heinz, G.H., Brody, M., and Blus, L.J., 1994, How valuable are the results of models and laboratory studies when extended to field situations?, chap. <i>of</i> Wildlife Toxicology and Population Modeling: Integrated Studies of Agroecosystems, proceedings of the Ninth Pellston Workshop, Kiawah Island, South Carolina, July 22-27, 1990 , p. 551-555.","productDescription":"576","startPage":"551","endPage":"555","numberOfPages":"576","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200584,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a54e4b07f02db62be0f","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Kendall, Ronald J.","contributorId":113771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506796,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lacher, Thomas E.= Jr.","contributorId":111853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lacher","given":"Thomas","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.=","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506795,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Heinz, G. H.","contributorId":85905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heinz","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brody, M.","contributorId":49325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brody","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Blus, L. J.","contributorId":38116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blus","given":"L.","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5210532,"text":"5210532 - 1994 - A review of arsenic hazards to plants and animals with emphasis on fishery and wildlife resources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:17","indexId":"5210532","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:17","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"A review of arsenic hazards to plants and animals with emphasis on fishery and wildlife resources","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Arsenic in the Environment, Part II: Human Health and Ecosystem Effects","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"John Wiley & Sons, Inc.","publisherLocation":"New York","usgsCitation":"Eisler, R., 1994, A review of arsenic hazards to plants and animals with emphasis on fishery and wildlife resources, chap. <i>of</i> Arsenic in the Environment, Part II: Human Health and Ecosystem Effects, p. 185-259.","productDescription":"xvi, 293","startPage":"185","endPage":"259","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200755,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a828a","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Nriagu, Jerome O.","contributorId":113914,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nriagu","given":"Jerome","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506627,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Eisler, R.","contributorId":51869,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eisler","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5210566,"text":"5210566 - 1994 - Estimating the number of animals in wildlife populations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:19","indexId":"5210566","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:17","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Estimating the number of animals in wildlife populations","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Research and Management Techniques for Wildlife and Habitats","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","publisherLocation":"Bethesda, MD","usgsCitation":"Lancia, R., Nichols, J., and Pollock, K.H., 1994, Estimating the number of animals in wildlife populations, chap. <i>of</i> Research and Management Techniques for Wildlife and Habitats, p. 215-253.","productDescription":"xiii, 740","startPage":"215","endPage":"253","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200709,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc3ea","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Bookhout, Theodore A.","contributorId":112449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bookhout","given":"Theodore","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506691,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Lancia, R.A.","contributorId":42327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lancia","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pollock, K. H.","contributorId":65184,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pollock","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5200157,"text":"5200157 - 1994 - An assessment of trail conditions in Great Smoky Mountains National Park:  National Park Service-Southeast Region, final research report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:16","indexId":"5200157","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-08T16:49:39","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"title":"An assessment of trail conditions in Great Smoky Mountains National Park:  National Park Service-Southeast Region, final research report","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service","publisherLocation":"Gatlinburg, TN","collaboration":"OCLC:  45212581","usgsCitation":"Marion, J., 1994, An assessment of trail conditions in Great Smoky Mountains National Park:  National Park Service-Southeast Region, final research report,  xi, 155.","productDescription":" xi, 155","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200422,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad9e4b07f02db684ca2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Marion, J. L. 0000-0003-2226-689X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2226-689X","contributorId":10888,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marion","given":"J. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5200117,"text":"5200117 - 1994 - Total Quality Management in Natural Resources Research, An Interagency Natural Resources Network Workshop","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:17","indexId":"5200117","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-08T16:49:39","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"title":"Total Quality Management in Natural Resources Research, An Interagency Natural Resources Network Workshop","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","publisherLocation":"Laurel, MD","collaboration":"Held at Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, September 9-10, 1992; organized by Andrew Strasfogel and David Trauger.","usgsCitation":"1994, Total Quality Management in Natural Resources Research, An Interagency Natural Resources Network Workshop, 198.","productDescription":"198","numberOfPages":"198","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201179,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db629b02","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Trauger, D.L.","contributorId":69091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trauger","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":505795,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5200176,"text":"5200176 - 1994 - Latin American research libraries in natural history:  a survey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:20","indexId":"5200176","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-08T16:49:39","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"title":"Latin American research libraries in natural history:  a survey","language":"English","publisher":"Council of Biology Editors","publisherLocation":"Chicago, Ill","collaboration":"OCLC 33068681:  Covers countries in the Americas with the exception of the U.S. and Canada.","usgsCitation":"Woodman, N., Jenkinson, M., and Foster, M., 1994, Latin American research libraries in natural history:  a survey (2nd), vi, 261.","productDescription":"vi, 261","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201391,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"2nd","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8a51","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Woodman, N. (compiler) 0000-0003-2689-7373","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2689-7373","contributorId":107830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodman","given":"N.","suffix":"(compiler)","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jenkinson, M.A. (compiler)","contributorId":26402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenkinson","given":"M.A.","suffix":"(compiler)","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Foster, M.S. (compiler)","contributorId":70893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"M.S.","suffix":"(compiler)","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5200175,"text":"5200175 - 1994 - Measuring and monitoring biological diversity: Standard methods for amphibians","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":81573,"text":"81573 - 1994 - Visual encounter surveys. Chapter 2 in <i>Measuring and monitoring biological diversity: Standard methods for amphibians</i>","indexId":"81573","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"title":"Visual encounter surveys. Chapter 2 in <i>Measuring and monitoring biological diversity: Standard methods for amphibians</i>"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":5200175,"text":"5200175 - 1994 - Measuring and monitoring biological diversity: Standard methods for amphibians","indexId":"5200175","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"title":"Measuring and monitoring biological diversity: Standard methods for amphibians"},"id":1},{"subject":{"id":5210902,"text":"5210902 - 1994 - Keys to a successful project: Associated data and planning: Data standards","indexId":"5210902","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"chapter":"5","title":"Keys to a successful project: Associated data and planning: Data standards"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":5200175,"text":"5200175 - 1994 - Measuring and monitoring biological diversity: Standard methods for amphibians","indexId":"5200175","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"title":"Measuring and monitoring biological diversity: Standard methods for amphibians"},"id":2}],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-15T11:47:09","indexId":"5200175","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-08T16:49:39","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"title":"Measuring and monitoring biological diversity: Standard methods for amphibians","docAbstract":"<p><i>Measuring and Monitoring Biological Diversity</i><span> is the first book to provide comprehensive coverage of standard methods for biodiversity sampling of amphibians, with information on analyzing and using data that will interest biologists in general.</span></p><p><span>In this manual, nearly fifty herpetologists recommend ten standard sampling procedures for measuring and monitoring amphibian and many other populations. The contributors discuss each procedure, along with the circumstances for its appropriate use. In addition, they provide a detailed protocol for each procedure's implementation, a list of necessary equipment and personnel, and suggestions for analyzing the data.</span></p><p><span>The data obtained using these standard methods are comparable across sites and through time and, as a result, are extremely useful for making decisions about habitat protection, sustained use, and restoration—decisions that are particularly relevant for threatened amphibian populations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Smithsonian Institution Press","publisherLocation":"Washington, DC.","isbn":"1560982845","usgsCitation":"1994, Measuring and monitoring biological diversity: Standard methods for amphibians, xix, 364.","productDescription":"xix, 364","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337892,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://smithsonianbooks.com/store/science-nature/measuring-and-monitoring-biological-diversity-stan/"},{"id":201434,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a28e4b07f02db61143c","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Heyer, W. Ronald","contributorId":95004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heyer","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Ronald","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":505834,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Donnelly, Maureen A.","contributorId":112014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Donnelly","given":"Maureen","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":505833,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McDiarmid, Roy W. 0000-0002-7649-1796 rmcdiarmid@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7649-1796","contributorId":3603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDiarmid","given":"Roy","email":"rmcdiarmid@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":505832,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hayek, Lee-Ann C.","contributorId":16730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayek","given":"Lee-Ann","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":505830,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Foster, Mercedes S.","contributorId":72088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"Mercedes","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":505831,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70170453,"text":"70170453 - 1994 - A demographic comparison of two black bear populations in the Interior Highlands of Arkansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-20T18:18:26","indexId":"70170453","displayToPublicDate":"2008-12-28T00:15:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A demographic comparison of two black bear populations in the Interior Highlands of Arkansas","docAbstract":"<p>The Ozark and Ouachita mountain regions of western Arkansas, collectively known as the Interior Highlands, historically supported large numbers of black bears (<i>Ursus americanus</i>). Indiscriminate killing of bears by early settlers and subsequent habitat reductions due to extensive logging and changes in land use resulted in their decline (Smith et al. 1991). By the late 1940's, bears had been extirpated from both regions (Holder 1951).</p>\n<p>Between 1958 and 1968, Arkansa Game and Fish Commission (ACFC) Officials trapped 254 black bears in northern Minnesota and Manitoba, Canada and released them in the Interior Highlands (Rogers 1973, Smith et al. 1991d). Since then, bear numbers have dramatically increased, making the Arkansas reintroduction the most successful attempted for black bears (Smith et al. 1991). Hunts have been conducted each autumn or winter since 1980. Because little was known about bear demographics and sustainable harvest in the Interior Highlands, however, hunting regulations have been restrictive with 5-31 bears harvested/year (J.D. Clark, AGFC Annu. Harvest Rep., 1980-1988).</p>\n<p>Bears now range throughout the Ozark Mountains and Ouachita Mountains, but these regional populations are allopatric, separated by the Arkansas River Valley and Interstate 40 (J.D. Clark, unpubl. data). Past reintroduction strategies and harvest levels differed between the 2 regions, with more intensive restocking and hunting in the Ozark region. Habitat also differs with the Ozark Mountains primarily oak-hickory (<i>Quercus</i> spp.-<i>Carya</i> spp.) upland forest compared to pine (<i>Pinus</i> spp.) and mixed pine-hardwood forest in the Ouachita Mountais (Smith 1989). Because habitat quality has been shown to be the major factor affecting black bear productivity (Rogers 1976, Bunnell and Tait 1981, Elowe and Dodge 1989) and bear populations are susceptible to overharvest, our objectives were to: 1) estimate population growth and sustainable yield for populations in both regions and 2) determine whether different environmental conditions in the 2 regions resulted in differences in demographic parameters.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","usgsCitation":"Clark, J.D., and Smith, K.G., 1994, A demographic comparison of two black bear populations in the Interior Highlands of Arkansas: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 22, p. 593-603.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"593","endPage":"603","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science 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G.","contributorId":80200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Kimberly","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":627253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70170455,"text":"70170455 - 1994 - Black bear habitat use in relation to food availability in the Interior Highlands of Arkansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-20T18:53:50","indexId":"70170455","displayToPublicDate":"2008-12-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3671,"text":"Ursus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Black bear habitat use in relation to food availability in the Interior Highlands of Arkansas","docAbstract":"<p>A black bear (<i>Ursus americanus</i>) food value index (FVI) was developed and calculated for forest cover type classifications on Ozark Mountain (White Rock) and Ouachita Mountain (Dry Creek) study areas in western Arkansas. FVIs are estimates of bear food production capabilities of the major forest cover types and were calculated using percent cover, mean fruit production scorings, and the dietary percentage of each major plant food species as variables. Goodness-of-fit analyses were used to determine use of forest cover types by 23 radio-collared female bears. Habitat selection by forest cover type was not detected on White Rock but was detected on Dry Creek. Use of habitats on Dry Creek appeared to be related to food production with the exception of regeneration areas, which were used less than expected but had a high FVI ranking. In general, pine cover types had low FVI rankings and were used less than expected by bears. Forest management implications are discussed.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"International Association for Bear Research and Management","usgsCitation":"Clark, J.D., Clapp, D.L., Smith, K.G., and Ederington, B., 1994, Black bear habitat use in relation to food availability in the Interior Highlands of Arkansas: Ursus, v. 9, no. 1, p. 309-318.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"309","endPage":"318","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":320354,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":320353,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.bearbiology.com/index.php?id=ursvol9_1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas","otherGeospatial":"Dry Creek Wilderness Area, Ouachita National Forest, Ozark National Forest, White Rock Wildlife Management Area","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -93.8067626953125,\n              35.092945313732635\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.74633789062499,\n              35.088450570365396\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.680419921875,\n              35.088450570365396\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.61175537109375,\n              35.088450570365396\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.49227905273438,\n              35.099686964274724\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.48129272460936,\n              35.080584173400815\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.4771728515625,\n              35.023248960913385\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.48129272460936,\n          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jclark1@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8547-8112","contributorId":2265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Joseph","email":"jclark1@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":627286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clapp, Daniel L.","contributorId":168779,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clapp","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6623,"text":"University of Arkansas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":627287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, Kimberly G.","contributorId":47720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Kimberly","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":627288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ederington, Belinda","contributorId":168781,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ederington","given":"Belinda","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":627289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":77096,"text":"wsp2442 - 1994 - Calculation of a Water Budget and Delineation of Contributing Sources to Drainflows in the Western San Joaquin Valley, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:12","indexId":"wsp2442","displayToPublicDate":"2006-07-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2442","title":"Calculation of a Water Budget and Delineation of Contributing Sources to Drainflows in the Western San Joaquin Valley, California","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/wsp2442","isbn":"9789996429316","usgsCitation":"Fio, J.L., 1994, Calculation of a Water Budget and Delineation of Contributing Sources to Drainflows in the Western San Joaquin Valley, California: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2442, 85 p., 19 figs, https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2442.","productDescription":"85 p., 19 figs","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190668,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a07e4b07f02db5f96bc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fio, John L.","contributorId":77543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fio","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":288483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70017768,"text":"70017768 - 1994 - Tuffaceous ephemeral lake deposits on an alluvial plain, Middle Tertiary of central California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-24T16:35:18.399586","indexId":"70017768","displayToPublicDate":"2006-06-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3369,"text":"Sedimentology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tuffaceous ephemeral lake deposits on an alluvial plain, Middle Tertiary of central California","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Oligocene and Miocene Valley Springs Formation is one element in the middle to late Cenozoic alluvial fill of the Central Valley of California and represents a large fluvial depositional system that extended westward from sediment-filled palaeovalleys in the high Sierra Nevada to a piedmont alluvial plain under the present Central Valley. The Valley Springs Formation consists largely of tuffaceous mudrock, tuffaceous sandstone, polymict conglomerate and rhyodacitic tuff. The most prominent lithofacies in the formation is yellowish grey or greyish yellow, tuffaceous mudstone and claystone characterized by crude, commonly wavy layering or bedding, an irregular fracture, and common clay-lined partings, fissures, and small branching tubules.</span></p><p><span>Petrographic and X-ray diffraction analyses of the composition, texture, fabric, mineralogy and organic content of an 8 m thick section of the tuffaceous mudrock lithofacies have provided evidence for an origin quite different from the earlier interpretations of this lithofacies as altered tuffs. Numerous rounded mudstone or claystone clasts in a detrital mud matrix, together with abundant freshwater microfossils (megaspores, chrysophyte cysts, diatoms and sponge spicules), indicates that the lithofacies is a mostly epiclastic sedimentary deposit. Root traces, fissuring, orientated clay skins lining pores and secondary surfaces, and mineralogical data are evidence of periodic exposure and desiccation.</span></p><p><span>The tuffaceous mudrock lithofacies of the Valley Springs Formation, interpreted in the context of the middle to lower regions of a piedmont alluvial system, most probably represents a complex of ephemeral lake and marsh environments on a low gradient alluvial plain. The inferred abundance of shallow lakes, ponds and marshes implies a climate that was wetter than the semi-arid climate of the region today.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-3091.1994.tb01402.x","issn":"00370746","usgsCitation":"Bartow, J.A., 1994, Tuffaceous ephemeral lake deposits on an alluvial plain, Middle Tertiary of central California: Sedimentology, v. 41, no. 2, p. 215-232, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3091.1994.tb01402.x.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"215","endPage":"232","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":228627,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Central Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -121.1677807940197,\n              38.36543609402932\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.1677807940197,\n              38.087802066777584\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.81250786161195,\n              38.087802066777584\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.81250786161195,\n              38.36543609402932\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.1677807940197,\n              38.36543609402932\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"41","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-06-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb8b4e4b08c986b327a12","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bartow, J. Alan","contributorId":84373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartow","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Alan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":29307,"text":"wri944010 - 1994 - Hydrogeology and the distribution and origin of salinity in the Floridan aquifer system, southeastern Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-13T19:50:51.755815","indexId":"wri944010","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T11:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-4010","displayTitle":"Hydrogeology and the Distribution and Origin of Salinity in the Floridan Aquifer System, Southeastern Florida","title":"Hydrogeology and the distribution and origin of salinity in the Floridan aquifer system, southeastern Florida","docAbstract":"The Floridan aquifer system in southeastern Florida consists of the Upper Floridan aquifer, the middle confining unit, and the Lower Floridan aquifer. An upper zone of brackish water and a lower zone of water with a salinity similar to that of seawater are present in the Floridan aquifer system. The brackish-water zone is defined as that in which water has a dissolved-solids concentration of less than 10,000 milligrams per liter (chloride concentration less than about 5,240 milligrams per liter), and water in the the saline-water zone has a dissolved solids concentration of about 35,000 milligrams per liter (about 18,900 milligrams per liter chloride concentration). The brackish-water and saline-water zones are separated by a transitional zone, typically 100 feet thick, in which salinity increases abruptly with depth. The base of the brackish-water zone lies within the Upper Floridan aquifer along the coast but extends into the middle confining unit inland. The brackish- water zone is as much as 1,200 feet thick inland, whereas the Upper Floridart aquifer is typically 500 to 600 feet thick. Changes in lithology or permeability do not usually control the position of the boundary between the brackish-water and saline-water zones. Calculations of the depth of a brackish-water and saline-water interface using the Ghyben-Herzberg relation show good agreement between calculated and actual positions of the interface, indicating equilibrium between the zones. Several areas of high salinity with chloride concentrations greater than 3,000 milligrams per liter are present in the upper interval of the brackish-water zone near the coast, and in one of these areas in northeastern Broward County, salinity decreases with depth from the upper to lower interval. The high salinities could be a result of seawater preferentially encroaching into zones of higher permeability in the Upper Flofidan aquifer during Pleistocene high stands of sea level and incomplete flushing of the seawater by the present-day flow system.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri944010","usgsCitation":"Reese, R.S., 1994, Hydrogeology and the distribution and origin of salinity in the Floridan aquifer system, southeastern Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4010, vi, 56 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri944010.","productDescription":"vi, 56 p.","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":124968,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4010/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":415728,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_47923.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":58154,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4010/wri944010.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRI 94-4010"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Floridan aquifer system","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -81,\n              25.125\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.0656,\n              25.125\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.0656,\n              26.333\n            ],\n            [\n              -81,\n              26.333\n            ],\n            [\n              -81,\n              25.125\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","contact":"<p><a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/car-fl-water\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/car-fl-water\">Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>3321 College Avenue<br>Davie, FL 33314</p><p><a href=\"../contact\" data-mce-href=\"../contact\">Contact Pubs Warehouse</a></p>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e47b3e4b07f02db49e8c0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reese, Ronald S. rsreese@usgs.gov","contributorId":1090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reese","given":"Ronald","email":"rsreese@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":201318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
]}