The sequence of mid-Cenozoic volcanic events in the western San Juan Mountains is closely analogous to that elsewhere in the San Juan volcanic field. The Lake Fork, Picayune, and San Juan Formations were erupted from a cluster of central volcanoes from 35 to 30 m.y. ago, when dominant activity shifted to more silicic ash-flow eruptions with accompanying caldera collapses. The Uncompahgre and San Juan calderas, each about 20 km across, formed mainly from eruption of the 28-m.y.-old Sapinero Mesa Tuff. Collapse occurred concurrently with eruption, and intracaldera tuffs accumulated to a thickness of more than 700 m. Both calderas were resurgently domed together; the northeast-trending Eureka graben formed along the distended crest of that dome. The Uncompahgre caldera was then flooded by several 27- to 28-m.y.-old ash-flow sheets from easterly sources, and also by one apparently erupted from the Silverton caldera nested within the older San Juan caldera. The Lake City caldera, located within the older Uncompahgre caldera, formed about 22.5 m.y. ago in response to eruption of the Sunshine Peak Tuff.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Lipman, P.W., Steven, T., Luedke, R.G., and Burbank, W., 1973, Revised volcanic history of the San Juan, Uncompahgre, Silverton, and Lake City calderas in the western San Juan Mountains, Colorado: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 1, no. 6, p. 627-642.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"627","endPage":"642","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":314155,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":314154,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1973/vol1issue6/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"16.0 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States of America","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"San Juan Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n 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37.6359849542696\n ],\n [\n -106.380615234375,\n 37.73162487017297\n ],\n [\n -106.2322998046875,\n 37.86618078529668\n ],\n [\n -106.19384765625,\n 38.026458711461245\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"1","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5694e050e4b039675d005e62","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lipman, Peter W. 0000-0001-9175-6118 plipman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9175-6118","contributorId":3486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lipman","given":"Peter","email":"plipman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":588264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Steven, Thomas A.","contributorId":57529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steven","given":"Thomas A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Luedke, Robert G.","contributorId":18339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luedke","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Burbank, Wilbur","contributorId":6955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burbank","given":"Wilbur","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70241916,"text":"70241916 - 1973 - Glauconites from New Jersey-Maryland coastal plain: Their K-Ar ages and application in stratigraphic studies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-31T13:28:02.242854","indexId":"70241916","displayToPublicDate":"1973-09-01T11:59:45","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Glauconites from New Jersey-Maryland coastal plain: Their K-Ar ages and application in stratigraphic studies","docAbstract":"Glauconite samples from various stratigraphic levels in the northern Atlantic Coastal Plain were dated by the K-Ar method. Twenty-eight samples were collected from glauconite-bearing sands in four traverses across the outcrop belt of Upper Cretaceous–lower Tertiary formations from northern New Jersey to eastern Maryland, thus providing a framework on which to test the reliability of glauconite for dating in vertical sequences and within some formations along strike.
Sample ages were determined paleontologically and radiogenically. The results show that most radiogenic determinations of glauconite followed a systematic pattern; the resultant ages were generally younger upward through the Stratigraphic section. In addition, consistent ages were obtained from many of the stratigraphic units along strike. A combination of paleontologically derived ages and the numerical radiogenic ages suggests that the stages of the Late Cretaceous are unequal rather than equal as some have proposed. For example, Campanian and Paleocene times are of significantly greater duration than the Maestrichtian.
Several samples obtained across the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary indicate that the age of the boundary is between 63.2 and 59.1 m.y., probably very near 61.1 m.y.
Dates considered to be reliable were obtained from 25 of 28 samples. Two of the three discordant ages are ascribed to incomplete glauconitization of the pre-existing mineral phase and hence to mineral impurity. No adequate explanation for the third significantly younger age has been determined.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<2811:GFNJCP>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Owens, J., and Sohl, N.F., 1973, Glauconites from New Jersey-Maryland coastal plain: Their K-Ar ages and application in stratigraphic studies: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 84, no. 9, p. 2811-2838, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<2811:GFNJCP>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"2811","endPage":"2838","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414982,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Delaware, Maryland, New Jersey, Pennsylvania","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.99026450551905,\n 39.51900730690164\n ],\n [\n -76.65520719618922,\n 39.146467033899825\n ],\n [\n -76.11597433898652,\n 39.00421895130762\n ],\n [\n -74.8804505108334,\n 39.69647648660475\n ],\n [\n -73.94333709880206,\n 40.429698208105776\n ],\n [\n -74.21557116263241,\n 40.47750240100268\n ],\n [\n -74.56109901287829,\n 40.70013875386846\n ],\n [\n -76.99026450551905,\n 39.51900730690164\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"84","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Owens, James P.","contributorId":9691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Owens","given":"James P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":868216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sohl, Norman F.","contributorId":27906,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sohl","given":"Norman","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":868217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70241832,"text":"70241832 - 1973 - Eclogites from southwestern Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-28T17:45:40.089368","indexId":"70241832","displayToPublicDate":"1973-08-01T12:29:46","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Eclogites from southwestern Oregon","docAbstract":"Eclogite, high-grade blueschist, and amphibolite blocks occur within the Mesozoic Otter Point Formation of southwestern Oregon and are inferred to have been tectonically emplaced by eastward-directed overthrusting involving Colebrooke Schist and serpentinite.
Eclogite from southwestern Oregon is very similar in bulk chemistry and mineralogy to the well-studied eclogite of California.
Calculations of phase equilibria at load pressures of 7 and 10 kb and T = 400°C to 550°C suggest that many of the hydrates found in eclogite could have been stable at very low H2O fugacities. The lack of lawsonite and the presence of almandine-grossular garnet set a maximum limit on H2O fugacity for a given Ps-T.
Chemically, Group C eclogite from Oregon and California characteristically is nepheline normative and is enriched in normative diopside relative to basaltic compositions. The present chemistry of this eclogite may be the result of metasomatism in an ultramafic environment with low a SiO2 and high a Ca, but outside the stability field of serpentine.
The generally high jadeite content of clinopyroxene from Group C eclogite compared with Group A and Group B eclogite is largely a function of bulk rock chemistry. Crystallization under low a SiO2 conditions stabilizes jadeite in clinopyroxene at lower Ps for a given T.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<2471:EFSO>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Ghent, E.D., and Coleman, R., 1973, Eclogites from southwestern Oregon: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 84, no. 8, p. 2471-2488, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<2471:EFSO>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"2471","endPage":"2488","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414839,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Otter Point Formation","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.41651907707327,\n 42.84626613441216\n ],\n [\n -124.1906269054481,\n 42.84626613441216\n ],\n [\n -124.1906269054481,\n 42.97641633363031\n ],\n [\n -124.41651907707327,\n 42.97641633363031\n ],\n [\n -124.41651907707327,\n 42.84626613441216\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"84","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ghent, Edward D.","contributorId":103283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ghent","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coleman, Robert G.","contributorId":293141,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coleman","given":"Robert G.","affiliations":[{"id":63235,"text":"Stanford Univeristy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":867866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70161911,"text":"70161911 - 1973 - Method for estimating the diversion potential of streams in eastern Massachusetts and southern Rhode Island","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-08T18:38:24","indexId":"70161911","displayToPublicDate":"1973-08-01T02:30:00","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Method for estimating the diversion potential of streams in eastern Massachusetts and southern Rhode Island","docAbstract":"A simple method is proposed for estimating the probable magnitude and frequency of streamflow that is in excess of predetermined minimum streamflows required downstream in eastern Massachusetts and southern Rhode Island. Regional curves relate these annual volumes of streamflow excess to the average annual discharge and the median 7-day annual minimum flow of the site. Use of the curves is illustrated by a hypothetical example.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Massachusetts Water Resources Commission","usgsCitation":"Tasker, G.D., 1973, Method for estimating the diversion potential of streams in eastern Massachusetts and southern Rhode Island: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 1, no. 5, p. 615-619.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"615","endPage":"619","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":314071,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":314070,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1973/vol1issue5/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"19.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States of America","state":"Massachusetts, Rhode Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -71.279296875,\n 42.706659563510385\n ],\n [\n -71.6473388671875,\n 42.47209690919285\n ],\n [\n -71.78466796874999,\n 42.32200108060303\n ],\n [\n -71.806640625,\n 42.020732852644294\n ],\n [\n -71.8231201171875,\n 41.33145127732962\n ],\n [\n -71.3836669921875,\n 41.364441530542244\n ],\n [\n -70.8673095703125,\n 41.55792157780418\n ],\n [\n -70.48278808593749,\n 41.86956082699455\n ],\n [\n -70.7025146484375,\n 42.261049162113856\n ],\n [\n -71.279296875,\n 42.706659563510385\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"1","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5690ebcfe4b09c7f9a218bde","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tasker, Gary D.","contributorId":95035,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tasker","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70161865,"text":"70161865 - 1973 - Pliocene marine fossils in the Paso Robles Formation, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-07T13:57:13","indexId":"70161865","displayToPublicDate":"1973-08-01T01:15:00","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pliocene marine fossils in the Paso Robles Formation, California","docAbstract":"Marine invertebrates from the Paso Robles Formation recently discovered near Atascadero, Calif., indicate that the basal part of this chiefly nonmarine deposit is of provincial early Pliocene age. Heretofore the lack of direct fossil or radiometric evidence of the age of the Paso Robles has made it a difficult unit to place in the late Cenozoic history of the Coast Ranges. The assemblage is dominated by Ostrea vespertina and by Nettastomella rostrata, a rock-boring bivalve; its mode of preservation indicates that the fossils are in place and have
not been recycled from older marine formations. This occurrence suggests that during the early Pliocene a seaway connected the present
southern Salinas Valley area with the northern part of the Santa Maria basin; the fossils occur about halfway between the southernmost
exposures of the Pancho Rico Formation near San Miguel and fossiliferous strata east of Pismo Beach, both marine units of early Pliocene age.
The Soda Creek springs are a group of small, cold mineral springs on the southern flank of the eastern Alaska Range. The spring waters contain anomalous concentrations of carbon dioxide, sodium, chlorine, sulfate, boron, and ammonia and are actively precipitating deposits of calcite and aragonite. Sparingly present in these deposits are mixed-layer illite-montmorillonite clays and zeolite minerals. Low-temperature
metamorphic reactions in subjacent marine sedimentary rocks of Jurassic and Cretaceous age may have produced the fluids and silicate minerals. With only a few exceptions, cool bicarbonate-rich springs in Alaska are concentrated south of the Denali fault system in south-central Alaska, southeastern Alaska, and along the Kaltag-Tintina fault system. These areas are characterized by active or recently active
tectonism, major faults and folds, and an abundance of marine sedimentary rocks.
Rocks of the Late Cretaceous composite Boulder batholith, though successively emplaced in a relatively small segment of the Earth's crust within a very brief time span (78 to 68 m.y.), can be grouped chemically into two magma series: (1) the main series, defined principally by plutons in the central and northern parts of the batholith; and (2) the sodic series, defined mostly by plutons in the southern part. For any given SiO2 content, the rocks of the main series tend to be higher in K2O and lower in Na2O than rocks of the sodic series. The chemical distinction between the two series proposed is also expressed by variation patterns for U, Th, Rb, and Sr abundances, by lead isotope compositions, but not by strontium isotope compositions.
The prebatholith Elkhorn Mountains Volcanics (Late Cretaceous), especially the mafic members, are chemically and isotopically similar to the rocks of the main series, confirming geologic evidence of the genetic association between them. The postbatholith Lowland Creek Volcanics (early Eocene), though chemically more closely related to the sodic series, isotopically are more akin to, but slightly more radiogenic than, the main series. Post–Lowland Creek volcanic rocks (Miocene or Pliocene) are compositionally similar to the sodic series rocks. Spatial distribution of the batholith and the volcanic rocks exhibits a very crude chemical zonation of the region: for a given silica content, relatively more potassic rocks (main series and prebatholith volcanic rocks) tend to occur mainly in the north and east, whereas relatively more sodic rocks (sodic series and postbatholith volcanic rocks) predominate in the south and west.
Available field, chemical, and isotopic evidence collectively suggests that the observed compositional variations for the Boulder batholith are most reasonably interpreted in terms of a model involving two magma series derived from two or more magma sources within the lower crust or upper mantle. These source regions are interred to vary chemically and isotopically, either laterally or vertically; in view of the rather small areal extent of the Boulder batholith, however, a vertically zoned source region is more probable.
","language":"English","publisher":"GSA","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<3879:BBMAPO>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Tilling, R.I., 1973, Boulder Batholith, Montana: A product of two contemporaneous but chemically distinct magma series: GSA Bulletin, v. 84, no. 12, p. 3879-3900, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<3879:BBMAPO>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"3879","endPage":"3900","costCenters":[{"id":153,"text":"California Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":376227,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Boulder Batholith, Montana","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.18115234375,\n 45.78284835197676\n ],\n [\n -111.741943359375,\n 45.78284835197676\n ],\n [\n -111.741943359375,\n 46.81509864599243\n ],\n [\n -113.18115234375,\n 46.81509864599243\n ],\n [\n -113.18115234375,\n 45.78284835197676\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"84","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tilling, Robert I. 0000-0003-4263-7221 rtilling@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4263-7221","contributorId":2567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tilling","given":"Robert","email":"rtilling@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":792410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1001287,"text":"1001287 - 1973 - Mercury residues in pintails breeding in North Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-24T16:36:24.851935","indexId":"1001287","displayToPublicDate":"1973-07-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mercury residues in pintails breeding in North Dakota","docAbstract":"Livers of 42 pintail hens (Anas acuta) breeding in eastern North Dakota during the spring and early summer of 1969 and 1970 were analyzed for total mercury by the neutron activation technique. Mercury content on a wet weight basis ranged from 0.055 ppm to 9.512 ppm and averaged 0.888 ± 1.796 ppm (SD). Liver mercury levels of hens collected in early spring (prior to planting of crops) were significantly lower than those of hens taken late in the nesting season (P < 0.01). Mercury residues among prelaying, laying, and postlaying groups collected following the onset of spring planting did not differ significantly (P > 0.05). Albumen mercury residue was correlated with liver mercury content (r = 0.756, P < 0.05). Mercury content in livers of five wild juveniles averaged 0.123 ± 0.074 ppm.
The early magmas of the northern Sierra Nevada, calc-alkaline andesite of island-arc type and its derivatives, all low in potassium, were generated during the Devonian(?) period, possibly along an eastward-dipping sub-duction zone. These magmas could have been derived from mantle peridotite of the continental plate by introduction of water from the descending oceanic plate. Later, during the Permian(?) period, the magmas became basaltic, with potassium-rich silicic derivatives indicating anhydrous conditions and a deeper level of magma generation. Plutonism began in Jurassic time, at the end of a period of intense deformation and metamorphism. The earliest intrusive rocks are gabbro and diorite. At the end of the Jurassic period, large granitic plutons were emplaced. These grade from hornblende quartz diorite at the borders to monzotonalite at the centers. Trondhjemite occurs as the latest product of crystallization differentiation of plutonic magmas. Exchange of elements between plutonic and metamorphic rocks suggests that the plutonic magmas were composite. The partial melts of the downfolded volcanic and sedimentary rocks were modified by partial melts from the mantle and the subducted oceanic lithosphere below. Relative amounts of material contributed by each of the three sources of plutonic magma changed with time, and these changes, along with differentiation processes, were responsible for the diversity in composition of magmas.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<2111:OOAAGM>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Hietanen, A., 1973, Origin of andesitic and granitic magmas in the northern Sierra Nevada, California: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 84, no. 6, p. 2111-2118, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<2111:OOAAGM>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"2111","endPage":"2118","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414647,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sierra Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.34922812220827,\n 39.01246631701153\n ],\n [\n -121.01117322043225,\n 38.666546657135\n ],\n [\n -120.03677968001867,\n 38.816479466197535\n ],\n [\n -119.99700851510377,\n 39.00216471562018\n ],\n [\n -120.0235226250469,\n 39.84190368534905\n ],\n [\n -120.12295053733394,\n 40.12632294197442\n ],\n [\n -120.22900697710688,\n 40.37926736512091\n ],\n [\n -120.40797721922371,\n 40.65641341470604\n ],\n [\n -120.76591770345738,\n 40.90736947457003\n ],\n [\n -121.44202750700943,\n 41.08747041294211\n ],\n [\n -121.99219528833132,\n 40.7870289012165\n ],\n [\n -122.08499467313288,\n 40.1921794318817\n ],\n [\n -121.56134100175413,\n 39.54607952185563\n ],\n [\n -121.34922812220827,\n 39.01246631701153\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"84","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hietanen, Anna","contributorId":43841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hietanen","given":"Anna","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70161765,"text":"70161765 - 1973 - Potassium, thorium, and uranium contents of upper Cenozoic basalts of the southern Rocky Mountain region, and their relation to the Rio Grande depression","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-05T16:24:56","indexId":"70161765","displayToPublicDate":"1973-05-01T01:15:00","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Potassium, thorium, and uranium contents of upper Cenozoic basalts of the southern Rocky Mountain region, and their relation to the Rio Grande depression","docAbstract":"Late Cenozoic basaltic volcanism in southern Colorado and northern New Mexico was most intense near the Rio Grande rift depression but extended onto stable platforms to the west (Colorado Plateau) and to the east (High Plains). Tholeiitic rocks are largely confined to the Rio Grande depression, and the basalts become increasingly alkalic with distance from the depression. The K, Th, and U contents and the Th/K and U/K ratios consistently increase away from the depression, and Th/U ratios also tend to increase slightly. Geographically distinct suites of petrographicaUy related basalts that are very similar in major-oxide compositions are readily distinguishable by K, Th, and U contents. Sialic crustal contamination did not contribute significantly to development of these compositional variations, and the lateral change from tholeiitic to alkalic basaltic volcanism may be related to different depths of or degrees of partial melting in the mantle. The compositions and compositional ranges of basalts in the southern Rocky Mountain region are similar to those of many Pacific islands, despite the contrasting geologic settings.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Lipman, P.W., Bunker, C., and Bush, C.A., 1973, Potassium, thorium, and uranium contents of upper Cenozoic basalts of the southern Rocky Mountain region, and their relation to the Rio Grande depression: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 1, no. 4, p. 387-401.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"387","endPage":"401","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":313868,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":313867,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1973/vol1issue4/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"20.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States of America","state":"Colorado, New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Southern Rocky Mountain Region, Rio Grande Depression","geographicExtents":"{\n 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-107.9461669921875,\n 35.54116627999815\n ],\n [\n -107.8912353515625,\n 35.133386854253075\n ],\n [\n -109.039306640625,\n 33.93424531117312\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"1","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"568cf748e4b0e7a44bc0f17d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lipman, Peter W. 0000-0001-9175-6118 plipman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9175-6118","contributorId":3486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lipman","given":"Peter","email":"plipman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":587695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bunker, Carl M.","contributorId":45311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunker","given":"Carl M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":587696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bush, Charles A","contributorId":118320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bush","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":587697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70160823,"text":"70160823 - 1973 - Lower Jurassic ammonite from the south-central Sierra Nevada, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-30T17:35:46","indexId":"70160823","displayToPublicDate":"1973-05-01T01:15:00","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lower Jurassic ammonite from the south-central Sierra Nevada, California","docAbstract":"A Lower Jurassic ammonite has been found in metasiltstone of the Boyden Cave roof pendant, south-central Sierra Nevada, Calif. Although too poorly preserved to permit positive generic and specific identification, its general shape, coiling, and ornamentation are characteristic of Early Jurassic forms. Strata associated with the fossiliferous rocks in the pendant include quartzite, andalusite hornfels, and marble. This assemblage differs strikingly from nearby volcanic rocks to the east, some of which in the Ritter Range pendant also contain Lower Jurassic fossils. The presence of nonvolcanic Lower Jurassic rocks of the Boyden Cave pendant lying west of coeval volcanic rocks of the Ritter Range pendant is anomalous and may be the result of large-scale tectonic dislocations.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Jones, D.L., and Moore, J.G., 1973, Lower Jurassic ammonite from the south-central Sierra Nevada, California: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 1, no. 4, p. 453-458.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"453","endPage":"458","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":313124,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":313123,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1973/vol1issue4/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"20.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States of America","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sierra Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.89339923858643,\n 36.84621224961691\n ],\n [\n -118.86284351348878,\n 36.848375822767856\n ],\n [\n -118.86168479919434,\n 36.839995928990916\n ],\n [\n -118.87164115905762,\n 36.82773352807189\n ],\n [\n -118.89030933380126,\n 36.828042688382304\n ],\n [\n -118.89339923858643,\n 36.84621224961691\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"1","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56850ec7e4b0a04ef4933a0a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, David L.","contributorId":61925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":584016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moore, James G. 0000-0002-7543-2401 jmoore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7543-2401","contributorId":2892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"James","email":"jmoore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":584017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5220562,"text":"5220562 - 1973 - Pen-reared fulvous tree ducks used in movement studies of wild populations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-24T16:41:57.924627","indexId":"5220562","displayToPublicDate":"1973-04-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pen-reared fulvous tree ducks used in movement studies of wild populations","docAbstract":"To obtain movement data on wild fulvous tree ducks (Dendrocygna bicolor) 165 immature pen-reared fulvous tree ducks were color-marked and released in three southeast Texas counties in July October 1969/70. Nine (5 percent) of the marked birds were recovered from 3 days to 9 months after release, and an additional 15 birds provided sight records. Many released birds apparently became integrated into the wild population; all of those observed were with wild flocks. Six birds were recovered over 50 miles from the release sites. Four released in late July to mid-September had moved eastward and two went southward in September or later. Five were still in the Texas-Louisiana rice belt (three in late November). The sixth bird was recovered in October in Veracruz, which supports the assumption that U.S. Gulf Coast nesting populations winter in southern Mexico.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3798899","usgsCitation":"Flickinger, E.L., King, K.A., and Heyland, O., 1973, Pen-reared fulvous tree ducks used in movement studies of wild populations: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 37, no. 2, p. 171-175, https://doi.org/10.2307/3798899.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"171","endPage":"175","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193943,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana, Texas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98.76367548777017,\n 29.90549728304535\n ],\n [\n -98.76367548777017,\n 26.074023755177024\n ],\n [\n -89.74477546304901,\n 26.074023755177024\n ],\n [\n -89.74477546304901,\n 29.90549728304535\n ],\n [\n -98.76367548777017,\n 29.90549728304535\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"37","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b16e4b07f02db6a5860","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flickinger, Edward L.","contributorId":48907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flickinger","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"King, Kirk A.","contributorId":9203,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"Kirk","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Heyland, O.","contributorId":57970,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heyland","given":"O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70241531,"text":"70241531 - 1973 - Submarine chert-argillite slide-breccia of Paleozoic age in the southern Klamath Mountains, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-22T14:34:15.672145","indexId":"70241531","displayToPublicDate":"1973-04-01T09:23:33","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Submarine chert-argillite slide-breccia of Paleozoic age in the southern Klamath Mountains, California","docAbstract":"A unique chert-argillite breccia—a breccia with an argillite matrix, in which nearly all the fragments are chert—underlies an area of at least 60 sq mi in the southern Klamath Mountains of California. Rocks of this composition have not been reported previously, in the Klamath Mountains or elsewhere, but in northwestern Trinity County they make up a large part of the western Paleozoic and Triassic belt. The remainder of the belt consists of northerly trending sinuous zones of two other principal lithologies: radiolarian chert, rhythmically interbedded with slate or phyllite, crops out in three zones in the eastern, central, and western parts of the area; and massive metabasalt and metadiabase intruded by gabbro and serpentinite occur in a zone about 3 mi wide in the eastern part of the area.
Although the predominance of chert fragments makes the chert-argillite breccia apparently unique, rocks that are generally similar, consisting of angular to subangular clasts in a pelitic matrix, have been studied in many localities. Field relations and petrographic features of the chert-argillite breccia—specifically the angularity of clasts, absence of a sandy matrix, preservation of Radiolaria in both chert clasts and pelitic matrix, presence of contorted flow laminae in the matrix, large size of some of the exotic blocks, close association with chert, pillow lava, and limestone, absence of stretching or slickensiding of clasts, and overall dimensions of the unit measurable in miles—variously preclude origin of the rock as a normal sedimentary conglomerate, a tectonic breccia, a tillite, or a subaerial mudflow, but include features common to numerous submarine-slide deposits. We interpret the chert-argillite breccia as the result of uplift and subsequent sliding of a thick deposit of inter-layered chert and pelitic ooze. Brittle fracturing of the chert and mobilization of water-saturated ooze produced the observed features.
Fossiliferous limestone blocks within the slide-breccia indicate that it is no older than Silurian or Devonian, and it predates Jurassic metamorphism and plutonism. The relation of the breccia to a major northwest-trending fault zone, and to serpentinite within this zone, suggests that the formation of the breccia was generally synchronous with the faulting and ultramafic intrusion. Rocks of the central metamorphic belt, east of the mapped area, were metamorphosed during a Devonian orogeny, and we suggest that the submarine slide-breccia was formed as a frontal effect of the same orogeny.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<1423:SCSOPA>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Cox, D.P., and Pratt, W.P., 1973, Submarine chert-argillite slide-breccia of Paleozoic age in the southern Klamath Mountains, California: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 84, no. 4, p. 1423-1438, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<1423:SCSOPA>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1423","endPage":"1438","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414550,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Klamath Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.4226593323977,\n 40.37035877012454\n ],\n [\n -122.60770111985475,\n 40.32153750426667\n ],\n [\n -122.35147172514274,\n 40.581509069642124\n ],\n [\n -122.35147172514274,\n 40.888917981387124\n ],\n [\n -122.27673815168488,\n 41.194905355525776\n ],\n [\n -122.47958642249858,\n 41.70703350143842\n ],\n [\n -122.372824174702,\n 42.017127535348635\n ],\n [\n -124.26251596070249,\n 42.00919519536757\n ],\n [\n -124.29454463504153,\n 41.75483814519038\n ],\n [\n -124.08102013944837,\n 41.395436560564406\n ],\n [\n -124.23048728636347,\n 41.178836231809925\n ],\n [\n -124.18778238724494,\n 40.888917981387124\n ],\n [\n -124.48671668107546,\n 40.50037600357953\n ],\n [\n -124.4226593323977,\n 40.37035877012454\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"84","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cox, Dennis P. dcox@usgs.gov","contributorId":2766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cox","given":"Dennis","email":"dcox@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":867133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pratt, Walden P.","contributorId":88342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pratt","given":"Walden","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":867134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70241578,"text":"70241578 - 1973 - Evidence for Quaternary movement on the McKinley strand of the Denali fault in the Delta River area, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-23T17:31:16.292229","indexId":"70241578","displayToPublicDate":"1973-03-01T12:17:29","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence for Quaternary movement on the McKinley strand of the Denali fault in the Delta River area, Alaska","docAbstract":"Offset Holocene alluvial fans and drainages along the McKinley strand of the Denali fault near the Delta River in the east-central Alaska Range indicate as much as 50 to 60 m of right-lateral displacement during the last 10,000 yrs. Vertical movement of 6 to 10 m during the same time interval is reflected by south-facing scarps along the trace of the fault. All but possibly 1 m of the lateral movement is thought to predate the 1830 neoglacial ice advance. Older drainages have been offset in a right-lateral sense since early Wisconsin or Illinoian time by as much as 6.5 km or, alternatively, by as little as 1 km.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<939:EFQMOT>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Stout, J.H., Brady, J., Weber, F., and Page, R., 1973, Evidence for Quaternary movement on the McKinley strand of the Denali fault in the Delta River area, Alaska: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 84, no. 3, p. 939-948, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<939:EFQMOT>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"939","endPage":"948","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414634,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Delta River, Denali fault, McKinley strand","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -151.203280537446,\n 64.96664475615233\n ],\n [\n -151.203280537446,\n 63.08612846985622\n ],\n [\n -143.15030202182086,\n 63.08612846985622\n ],\n [\n -143.15030202182086,\n 64.96664475615233\n ],\n [\n -151.203280537446,\n 64.96664475615233\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"84","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stout, J. H.","contributorId":23989,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stout","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brady, J.B.","contributorId":58078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brady","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weber, F.","contributorId":69343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weber","given":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Page, R.A.","contributorId":40197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Page","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70160718,"text":"70160718 - 1973 - Two diamictons in a landslide scarp on Admiralty Island, Alaska, and the tectonic insignificance of an intervening peat bed","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-29T12:52:27","indexId":"70160718","displayToPublicDate":"1973-03-01T02:30:00","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Two diamictons in a landslide scarp on Admiralty Island, Alaska, and the tectonic insignificance of an intervening peat bed","docAbstract":"Two till-like diamictons, 700 feet above present sea level on Admiralty Island, Alaska, are separated by peat near the top of a landslide scarp. The lower diamicton is glaciomarine; the upper diamicton is probably a mudflow. The lower diamicton contains the foraminifer Elphidium clavatum Cushman, a species typical of fiords. Similar diamicton crops out along Gastineau Channel near Juneau, 15 miles eastward. Diamicton in both areas reflects deposition in glacier-free fiords during land depression and sea transgression. Consequently,
till-like deposits less than 700 feet above sea level elsewhere in southeastern Alaska should be considered as possibly glaciomarine. Sliding occurred after late 1962, but before July 1964; the March 27, 1964, Alaska earthquake might have caused sliding of diamicton saturated by melting snow and spring rains. The peat in the landslide scarp has a published radiocarbon date of 3,400±250 years B.P. (W-1955). The peat was expected to be older, and to relate to Holocene tectonic movement of Admiralty Island. The unexpectedly young date led to additional field study that showed the material over the peat to be a probable mudflow derived from glaciomarine diamicton upvalley; the date has no tectonic significance.
Note: This paper is dedicated to Aaron and Elizabeth Waters on the occasion of Dr. Waters' retirement.
The eastern flank of the central and southern Cascade Mountains is bordered by a belt of shield volcanoes that appears to be a subprovince of the Oregon high-alumina plateau basalt petrologic province. Most of the volcanoes in this belt are low shields in which differentiation from the parent high-alumina basalt magma has been relatively slight, but several are large complex shield centers where differentiation has been extreme. The location of these large centers, and of some of the smaller volcanoes as well, was largely determined by intersecting concentrations of faults and fault-fissures of three regional fault systems.
One of the largest of the complex volcanic centers is Newberry Volcano in central Oregon, a shield volcano with a big caldera at its summit. The stratigraphy of the caldera walls and of features on the caldera floor at Newberry allows detailed interpretation of the history of the younger parts of the volcano and caldera. The formation of Newberry Caldera was apparently a slow process controlled largely by faulting along the three regional fault systems. The magma conduits were probably a gridlike plexus of intersecting dikes and fissures, with larger “magma pockets” at the grid intersections. The magma was trapped in shallow chambers and periodically released by faulting. The entrapment of the magma allowed differentiation in the shallow chambers.
The stratigraphy and petrology of the wall sequence also allows determination of the relative time at which the caldera had grown large enough to hold a caldera lake.
On differentiation plots, chemical analyses of the Newberry rocks show two trends: rocks erupted before the presence of a lake in the caldera trend toward slight iron enrichment, whereas rocks erupted after water was present in the caldera generally trend toward alkali enrichment. These different trends are attributed to differences in the oxygen fugacity of the magma which, in turn, are related to the presence or absence of large volumes of water in the caldera lake. The interpretation is supported by field, petrographic, petrologic, chemical, trace-element, and isotopic data. Plots of existing data for the Medicine Lake Highland Volcano, another large complex shield center in the belt, show the same type of two-trend relation as those of Newberry Volcano.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<455:PONVCO>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Higgins, M.W., 1973, Petrology of Newberry Volcano, central Oregon: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 84, no. 2, p. 455-487, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<455:PONVCO>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"33 p.","startPage":"455","endPage":"487","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414786,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Newberry Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.31542595924863,\n 43.671896153864395\n ],\n [\n -121.24807825316685,\n 43.65385159170725\n ],\n [\n -121.15578695224004,\n 43.682118998227196\n ],\n [\n -121.12336027894165,\n 43.7061658794388\n ],\n [\n -121.14082079533293,\n 43.7518283877308\n ],\n [\n -121.16992165598549,\n 43.787252910984904\n ],\n [\n -121.25639278478187,\n 43.80225697343542\n ],\n [\n -121.2979654428569,\n 43.780649930066716\n ],\n [\n -121.32290903770196,\n 43.72058937968043\n ],\n [\n -121.31542595924863,\n 43.671896153864395\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"84","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Higgins, Michael W.","contributorId":12459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Higgins","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70241679,"text":"70241679 - 1973 - Miocene tholeiitic basalts of coastal Oregon and Washington and their relations to coeval basalts of the Columbia Plateau","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-24T15:45:43.966394","indexId":"70241679","displayToPublicDate":"1973-02-01T10:38:29","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Miocene tholeiitic basalts of coastal Oregon and Washington and their relations to coeval basalts of the Columbia Plateau","docAbstract":"Note: This paper is dedicated to Aaron and Elizabeth Waters on the occasion of Dr. Waters' retirement.
Tholeiitic basalt flows and breccias of Miocene age in western Oregon and Washington form three distinct stratigraphic units. Each unit was erupted from coastal vents marked by dikes and sills of the same composition as associated extrusive rocks. The three coastal basalt units are interbedded with predominantly marine sedimentary rocks of middle to late Miocene age. These units are here named, from older to younger, the Depoe Bay Basalt, Cape Foulweather Basalt, and basalt of Pack Sack Lookout. The three units can be distinguished by their petrographic characteristics. The Depoe Bay Basalt is nonporphyritic; Cape Foulweather Basalt has sparse large labradorite phenocrysts; and Pack Sack basalt has labradorite phenocrysts with numerous pyroxene and glass inclusions as well as augite and olivine phenocrysts. Chemical analyses of basalts from these three units show that each has a distinct and uniform composition. The Depoe Bay Basalt is characterized by high SiO2 content; the Cape Foulweather Basalt has high content of total iron, TiO2, and P2O5; and Pack Sack basalt is marked by relatively high MgO and CaO content.
The Depoe Bay Basalt, Cape Foulweather Basalt, and basalt of Pack Sack Lookout on the coast occur in the same stratigraphic order and are essentially the same ages as three basalt units that erupted on the Columbia Plateau. The plateau-derived units are the Yakima and late-Yakima petrographic types of Waters (1961) and the Pomona flow of Schmincke (1967). The virtual identity in chemical composition of the Depoe Bay Basalt and Yakima-type basalt, the Cape Foulweather Basalt and the late-Yakima–type basalt, and the Pack Sack basalt and the Pomona basalt flow indicate that each pair is consanguineous.
Fissure vents for the plateau basalt are located in eastern Oregon and Washington and western Idaho more than 500 km east of the coastal vent areas. Thus, a regional mechanism of magma generation or emplacement is required. Three models of magma genesis considered in this report are: (1) partial melting of the subducted Juan de Fuca plate; (2) partial melting along a nearly horizontal shear zone at the base of the American plate; and (3) partial melting within the asthenosphere and fractionation during ascent of the magma.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<387:MTBOCO>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Snavely, P., MacLeod, N.S., and Wagner, H.C., 1973, Miocene tholeiitic basalts of coastal Oregon and Washington and their relations to coeval basalts of the Columbia Plateau: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 84, no. 2, p. 387-424, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<387:MTBOCO>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"38 p.","startPage":"387","endPage":"424","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414708,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon, Washington","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -125.27714051017513,\n 46.64767251182491\n ],\n [\n -125.27714051017513,\n 43.583883983096456\n ],\n [\n -122.15260600009933,\n 43.583883983096456\n ],\n [\n -122.15260600009933,\n 46.64767251182491\n ],\n [\n -125.27714051017513,\n 46.64767251182491\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"84","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Snavely, Parke D. Jr.","contributorId":80328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snavely","given":"Parke D.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"MacLeod, Norman S.","contributorId":13643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacLeod","given":"Norman","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wagner, Holly C.","contributorId":55407,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"Holly","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70159791,"text":"70159791 - 1973 - Blueschist metamorphism in the Yreka-Fort Jones area, Klamath Mountains, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-23T11:36:19","indexId":"70159791","displayToPublicDate":"1973-01-02T05:15:00","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Blueschist metamorphism in the Yreka-Fort Jones area, Klamath Mountains, California","docAbstract":"Blueschist is plentiful in the Yreka-Fort Jones area, eastern Klamath Mountains, adjacent to a belt of serpentinite that marks the boundary between two fundamental lithologic units, an eastern belt of early Paleozoic sedimentary and metamorphic rocks, and a western greenstone-chert assemblage of late Paleozoic and Triassic(?) age. The blueschists, which contain lawsonite and glaucophane or crossite, occur with phyllitic quartzite and siliceous phyllite of the Stuart Fork Formation, which is overthrust northwestward on the greenstone-chert terrane. The blueschist facies metamorphism probably was synchronous with Middle and Late Jurassic metamorphism of the Stuart Fork Formation. The blueschist-serpentinite terrane possibly marks the site of collision between the eastern Klamath plate and an oceanic western Paleozoic and Triassic plate.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Hotz, P.E., 1973, Blueschist metamorphism in the Yreka-Fort Jones area, Klamath Mountains, California: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 1, no. 1, p. 53-61.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"53","endPage":"61","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":311650,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":311649,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1973/vol1issue1/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"22.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States of America","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Klamath Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.92259216308592,\n 41.50446357504806\n ],\n [\n -122.54493713378906,\n 41.52708581365462\n ],\n [\n -122.57652282714844,\n 41.77796872322689\n ],\n [\n -122.98645019531249,\n 41.75082413553287\n ],\n [\n -122.92259216308592,\n 41.50446357504806\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"1","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"565446bce4b071e7ea53d4a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hotz, Preston E.","contributorId":37083,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hotz","given":"Preston","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70241836,"text":"70241836 - 1973 - Late Quaternary sedimentation in the active eastern Aleutian Trench","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-28T18:58:21.059486","indexId":"70241836","displayToPublicDate":"1973-01-01T13:50:58","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late Quaternary sedimentation in the active eastern Aleutian Trench","docAbstract":"Sediments originally deposited on the Alaskan Abyssal Plain have been depressed to form the eastern Aleutian Trench. Simultaneously, a wedge of horizontally bedded sediments, about 1 km thick at its axis, has been deposited in the trench. The time-transgressive facies change between this wedge of sediment and the abyssal-plain sediment sequence shows up as a discontinuity on seismic records. Sediment is being deposited up to 10 times faster in the trench than on the abyssal plain. Ninety percent of the sediment in the trench arrived there by moving down the trench wall as slumps or in turbidity currents, and has been partly redistributed by turbidity currents flowing in a channel along the trench axis; 7 percent has come from the Surveyor Channel distribution system on the abyssal plain; and 3 percent is pelagic (mainly ice rafted). Sediments pass from a sandy facies near the trench wall to a silt-mud facies on the abyssal plain. If a similar trench were exposed on land, the stratigraphic sequence would consist of sandstone grading transitionally downward into shale, and then into an abyssal-plain sequence. Sediment fill in the Aleutian Trench is abnormally thick as a result of Pleistocene glaciation; Neogene trench-fill sediments would be less than 800 m thick.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0091-7613(1973)1<19:LQSITA>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Piper, D., von Huene, R., and Duncan, J.R., 1973, Late Quaternary sedimentation in the active eastern Aleutian Trench: Geology, v. 1, no. 1, p. 19-22, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1973)1<19:LQSITA>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"19","endPage":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414843,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Aleutian Trench, Pacific Ocean","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -151.26158724216202,\n 58.39620746846026\n ],\n [\n -151.26158724216202,\n 55.15578585085143\n ],\n [\n -141.5516107444637,\n 55.15578585085143\n ],\n [\n -141.5516107444637,\n 58.39620746846026\n ],\n [\n -151.26158724216202,\n 58.39620746846026\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"1","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Piper, David J. W.","contributorId":28631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piper","given":"David J. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"von Huene, Roland 0000-0003-1301-3866","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1301-3866","contributorId":208085,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"von Huene","given":"Roland","affiliations":[{"id":37709,"text":"USGS, emeritus, 800 Blossom Hill Road, Los Gatos, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":867882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Duncan, John R.","contributorId":303703,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Duncan","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70241919,"text":"70241919 - 1973 - Two sources of error in low temperature inclusion homogenization determination, and corrections on published temperatures for the East Tennessee and Laisvall deposits","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-30T18:29:58.530465","indexId":"70241919","displayToPublicDate":"1973-01-01T13:21:49","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Two sources of error in low temperature inclusion homogenization determination, and corrections on published temperatures for the East Tennessee and Laisvall deposits","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.68.1.113","usgsCitation":"Larson, L., Miller, J., Nadeau, J.E., and Roedder, E., 1973, Two sources of error in low temperature inclusion homogenization determination, and corrections on published temperatures for the East Tennessee and Laisvall deposits: Economic Geology, v. 68, no. 1, p. 113-116, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.68.1.113.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"113","endPage":"116","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414985,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Tennessee","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -86.3510884763997,\n 34.993896716830335\n ],\n [\n -84.31450258948222,\n 34.986673896362404\n ],\n [\n -84.261604254757,\n 35.25349332411146\n ],\n [\n -84.17344036354851,\n 35.22469013137159\n ],\n [\n -84.00592897025192,\n 35.25349332411146\n ],\n [\n -83.98829619201054,\n 35.33264934010728\n ],\n [\n -83.97066341376862,\n 35.41172790954235\n ],\n [\n -83.74143729662646,\n 35.52661287812218\n ],\n [\n -83.63564062717656,\n 35.54813553209111\n ],\n [\n -83.53866034684711,\n 35.53378773774644\n ],\n [\n -83.38878173179242,\n 35.58399378679097\n ],\n [\n -83.30943422970489,\n 35.634168377826356\n ],\n [\n -83.2212703384964,\n 35.68431149210927\n ],\n [\n -83.08902450168308,\n 35.74157934157104\n ],\n [\n -82.97441144311227,\n 35.74157934157104\n ],\n [\n -82.87743116278284,\n 35.84169900959763\n ],\n [\n -82.88624755190375,\n 35.91313579348413\n ],\n [\n -82.78926727157432,\n 35.905995014354986\n ],\n [\n -82.73636893684912,\n 35.99164181707742\n ],\n [\n -82.63057226739869,\n 36.02730057541187\n ],\n [\n -82.63938865651967,\n 35.95596693247202\n ],\n [\n -82.52477559794883,\n 35.9416924647396\n ],\n [\n -82.39252976113553,\n 36.06294320095928\n ],\n [\n -82.31318225904802,\n 36.10569304720458\n ],\n [\n -82.1897528113562,\n 36.134180027769474\n ],\n [\n -82.13685447663102,\n 36.070069789563405\n ],\n [\n -82.0134250289392,\n 36.091445681429974\n ],\n [\n -81.88999558124686,\n 36.30488471159367\n ],\n [\n -81.77538252267605,\n 36.31909328158642\n ],\n [\n -81.68721863146754,\n 36.32619659549732\n ],\n [\n -81.7136677988299,\n 36.41138584648721\n ],\n [\n -81.6784022423466,\n 36.46812684136569\n ],\n [\n -81.69603502058852,\n 36.56024243333789\n ],\n [\n -81.6431366858633,\n 36.61687443496743\n ],\n [\n -81.88999558124686,\n 36.63102594158629\n ],\n [\n -81.96052669421401,\n 36.60272033044569\n ],\n [\n -83.65327340541793,\n 36.60272033044569\n ],\n [\n -83.72380451838508,\n 36.588563628408124\n ],\n [\n -85.13442677772156,\n 36.63102594158629\n ],\n [\n -86.3510884763997,\n 34.993896716830335\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"68","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1973-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Larson, L.T.","contributorId":61956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"L.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":868225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, J.D.","contributorId":43431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":868226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nadeau, J. E.","contributorId":303835,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nadeau","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":868227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Roedder, Edwin","contributorId":25571,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roedder","given":"Edwin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":868228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70241834,"text":"70241834 - 1973 - Granitic rocks of the White Mountains area, California-Nevada: Age and regional significance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-28T18:30:10.218023","indexId":"70241834","displayToPublicDate":"1973-01-01T13:16:49","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Granitic rocks of the White Mountains area, California-Nevada: Age and regional significance","docAbstract":"Potassium-argon ages have been determined on 25 biotite and hornblende samples (four coexisting biotite-hornblende pairs were dated) from a number of granitic formations in the more than 500 sq mi of dominantly granitic outcrop in the White Mountains. These new data, together with earlier published radiometric ages, indicate a group of plutons about 70 to 85 m.y. old, a single body about 210 m.y. old, another that may be about 225 m.y. old, and several between 130 and 185 m.y. old. Evidence of intrusion is lacking in the intervals of about 90 to 130 m.y. and 185 to 200 m.y. The oldest age, about 226 m.y., may represent the chance preservation of a “primary” hornblende in a body in which the dark minerals are largely recrystallized and their radiometric ages reset. This age suggests that Triassic magmatism may be more widespread along the eastern margin of the Sierra Nevada batholith than had previously been considered.
The radiometric age data from the White Mountains, together with similar data from northwestern and north-central Nevada and abundant data from the central Sierra Nevada, suggest essentially continuous, albeit irregular, magmatic activity from Triassic to the end of Cretaceous, except for periods of little or no activity in earliest Jurassic and earliest Cretaceous. Episodes of magmatic activity may, and probably do, characterize specific areas, but when sufficiently large blocks of the Sierra Nevada batholith are considered, the sum of the episodes approaches a continuum.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<285:GROTWM>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Crowder, D.F., McKee, E.H., Ross, D.C., and Krauskopf, K., 1973, Granitic rocks of the White Mountains area, California-Nevada: Age and regional significance: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 84, no. 1, p. 285-296, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<285:GROTWM>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"285","endPage":"296","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414841,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","otherGeospatial":"White Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.36474894728562,\n 37.92420678116687\n ],\n [\n -118.43444026093131,\n 37.86921202080299\n ],\n [\n -118.4395396253446,\n 37.79940348338654\n ],\n [\n -118.38684619307591,\n 37.71339463547295\n ],\n [\n -118.36644873542325,\n 37.628632053213565\n ],\n [\n -118.33415276080682,\n 37.470959126961446\n ],\n [\n -118.32225424384308,\n 37.445322651339595\n ],\n [\n -118.31885466756785,\n 37.34674289148414\n ],\n [\n -118.3057543815043,\n 37.32300053895581\n ],\n [\n -118.27515819502548,\n 37.24726594855545\n ],\n [\n -118.22416455089443,\n 37.06844733503965\n ],\n [\n -118.20206730510415,\n 36.94900010627994\n ],\n [\n -118.17997005931427,\n 36.91910897856637\n ],\n [\n -118.14257472028459,\n 36.826644131024665\n ],\n [\n -118.09252632833682,\n 36.79282434396231\n ],\n [\n -118.06362992999607,\n 36.689303228563176\n ],\n [\n -118.00243755703889,\n 36.58837226289036\n ],\n [\n -117.85115641278333,\n 36.49004230847501\n ],\n [\n -117.80016276865187,\n 36.35908761647178\n ],\n [\n -117.53499581917046,\n 36.28102299318962\n ],\n [\n -117.27662802223952,\n 36.37277510102328\n ],\n [\n -117.22053501369561,\n 36.47262076817971\n ],\n [\n -117.24773162389877,\n 36.53000801592597\n ],\n [\n -117.26982886968864,\n 36.77274806506993\n ],\n [\n -117.40411213256593,\n 37.003684745044836\n ],\n [\n -117.48400217503817,\n 37.034899577110295\n ],\n [\n -117.580890098887,\n 37.23139326515998\n ],\n [\n -117.44490704787215,\n 37.4377007170376\n ],\n [\n -117.52819666661964,\n 37.56446088999897\n ],\n [\n -117.69477590411456,\n 37.58062754623812\n ],\n [\n -117.71687314990484,\n 37.60217762828006\n ],\n [\n -117.71177378549157,\n 37.67755376186278\n ],\n [\n -117.60128755654097,\n 37.78913122442715\n ],\n [\n -117.81376107375368,\n 37.9072464873549\n ],\n [\n -117.85965535347188,\n 38.02651142855174\n ],\n [\n -118.15201891315643,\n 38.12285360499919\n ],\n [\n -118.35259391340543,\n 37.967573198877005\n ],\n [\n -118.36474894728562,\n 37.92420678116687\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"84","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crowder, Dwight F.","contributorId":52339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crowder","given":"Dwight","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McKee, Edwin H. mckee@usgs.gov","contributorId":3728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKee","given":"Edwin","email":"mckee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":867876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ross, Donald C.","contributorId":146987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ross","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Krauskopf, Konrad","contributorId":17298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krauskopf","given":"Konrad","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70159793,"text":"70159793 - 1973 - Dolomitization model for Upper Cambrian and Lower Ordovician carbonate rocks in the eastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-23T11:50:40","indexId":"70159793","displayToPublicDate":"1973-01-01T04:00:00","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dolomitization model for Upper Cambrian and Lower Ordovician carbonate rocks in the eastern United States","docAbstract":"Existing models for dolomitization emphasize that penecontemporaneous dolomitization can occur in both subtidal and supratidal environments if the necessary chemical and physical factors favorable for the development of magnesium-rich hypersaline waters exist. Holocene shallow-water hypersaline environments that have the potential to produce dolomite without deposition of more soluble evaporite minerals are found in Shark Bay, Australia, and on the Great Bahama Bank. These hypersalinity systems are characterized by near-vertical isosalinity layers of increasing concentration landward from the open ocean and show little or no relationship to bottom topography. I suggest that a similar but larger scale epicontinentalsalinity system covering the Late Cambrian and Early Ordovician carbonate continental shelf produced a broad wedge of subtidally deposited dolomite in the eastern half of the United States from Mexico to Canada. The distribution of limestone and dolomite in this region is closely keyed to the salinity gradient and accounts for the natural progression from a normal marine limestone facies through a transition zone to a highly saline dolomite facies phase. Algal stromatolite mats and domes occupied low-energy niches in both the limestone and dolomite facies, whereas stratiform algal stromatolites were confined to the areas of moderate energy within the dolomite facies.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Harris, L.D., 1973, Dolomitization model for Upper Cambrian and Lower Ordovician carbonate rocks in the eastern United States: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 1, no. 1, p. 63-78.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"63","endPage":"78","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":311652,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":311651,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1973/vol1issue1/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"22.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States of America","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.134765625,\n 41.409775832009565\n ],\n [\n -83.9794921875,\n 38.788345355085625\n ],\n [\n -88.681640625,\n 37.37015718405753\n ],\n [\n -92.8564453125,\n 34.30714385628804\n ],\n [\n -94.39453125,\n 31.31610138349565\n ],\n [\n -93.1201171875,\n 28.38173504322308\n ],\n [\n -80.595703125,\n 31.203404950917395\n ],\n [\n -75.1025390625,\n 35.817813158696616\n ],\n [\n -74.267578125,\n 38.51378825951165\n ],\n [\n -78.134765625,\n 41.409775832009565\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"1","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"565446c0e4b071e7ea53d4b2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harris, Leonard D.","contributorId":25567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"Leonard","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70159644,"text":"70159644 - 1973 - Graptolites from the Martinsburg Formation, Lehigh Gap, Eastern Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-16T11:48:08","indexId":"70159644","displayToPublicDate":"1973-01-01T02:15:00","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Graptolites from the Martinsburg Formation, Lehigh Gap, Eastern Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"Graptolites collected from the uppermost part of the Martinsburg Formation (Pen Argyl Member) at and near the contact with the overlying Shawangunk Formation at Lehigh Gap, Pa., indicate that the uppermost Martinsburg is as young as Edenian to early Maysvillian (upper subzone [Climacograptus spiniferus subzone] of zone 13 | Orthograptus truncatus intermedius zone]). The Martinsburg gradationally overlies the Jacksonburg Limestone of late Middle Ordovician age, suggesting a lower age limit for the Martinsburg.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","collaboration":"Work done in cooperation with the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Resources, Bureau of Topographic and Geologic Survey","usgsCitation":"Epstein, J., and Berry, W.B., 1973, Graptolites from the Martinsburg Formation, Lehigh Gap, Eastern Pennsylvania: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 1, no. 1, p. 33-38.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"33","endPage":"38","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":311349,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":311348,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1973/vol1issue1/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"22.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States of America","state":"Pennsylvania","otherGeospatial":"Lehigh Gap","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.618896484375,\n 40.790614497682476\n ],\n [\n -75.6075668334961,\n 40.79503316696244\n ],\n [\n -75.59555053710938,\n 40.794253423163795\n ],\n [\n -75.59070110321045,\n 40.78616304086962\n ],\n [\n -75.60057163238525,\n 40.77758420956305\n ],\n [\n -75.61297416687012,\n 40.77644678131695\n ],\n [\n -75.62061309814452,\n 40.783758480222595\n ],\n [\n -75.618896484375,\n 40.790614497682476\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"1","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"564b0c4ce4b0ebfbef0d3153","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Epstein, Jack Burton","contributorId":64625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Epstein","given":"Jack Burton","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":579860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Berry, William B. N.","contributorId":76372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berry","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"B. N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":579861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70160638,"text":"70160638 - 1973 - Geology of part of the southern complex, Marquette district, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-28T12:04:36","indexId":"70160638","displayToPublicDate":"1973-01-01T01:15:00","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geology of part of the southern complex, Marquette district, Michigan","docAbstract":"The southern complex, south of the Marquette synclinorium in the Marquette district of Michigan, is dominantly granitic. The granitic parts of the complex have Rb-Sr ages of about 2.5 b.y. and are classed as of Precambrian W age. The rocks are divided into two major units: (1.) Bell Creek Gneiss consisting mostly of coarse megacrystic granitic rocks and lesser amounts of mafic gneiss and metasedimentary rocks in layers concordant to the foliation of the granitic gneiss, and (2) Compeau Creek Gneiss, previously described to the east, which is mostly medium-grained granitic gneiss and lesser amounts of massive granitic rocks and locally abundant xenoliths of mafic and metasedimentary rocks. Compeau Creek Gneiss intrudes Bell Creek Gneiss throughout the area. Mafic and metasedimentary rocks in the Bell Creek Gneiss are interpreted as remnants of a greenstone belt. The granitic parts of the Bell Creek Gneiss are of problematic origin. Their
composition suggests a magmatic origin, but they do not intrude any rocks with which they are in contact; they form concordant layers in all
observed places. Granitic parts of the Compeau Creek Gneiss are suspected to be highly altered and partly melted sedimentary rocks.
The mafic parts are probably xenoliths of mafic rocks from the Bell Creek Gneiss.
Orpiment, As2S3, containing up to 1.5 percent antimony has been recognized in carbonaceous arsenic-rich gold ores in the unoxidized East ore body of the Carlin gold deposit. Associated hydrothermal minerals include realgar (AsS) and quartz. Stibnite, commonly associated with realgar in the ores, has not been observed associated with this type of orpiment.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Radtke, A.S., Taylor, C.M., and Heropoulos, C., 1973, Antimony-bearing orpiment, Carlin gold deposit, Nevada: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 1, no. 1, p. 85-87.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"85","endPage":"87","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":311658,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":311657,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1973/vol1issue1/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"22.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States of America","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Carlin Gold Deposit","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.663818359375,\n 41.38917324986403\n ],\n [\n -116.52374267578125,\n 41.566141964768384\n ],\n [\n -116.20239257812499,\n 41.62160222224564\n ],\n [\n -115.960693359375,\n 41.57436130598913\n ],\n [\n -115.82611083984374,\n 41.32320110223851\n ],\n [\n -115.91949462890624,\n 41.04828819952275\n ],\n [\n -116.004638671875,\n 40.79509814519895\n ],\n [\n -116.28753662109375,\n 40.66188943992171\n ],\n [\n -116.63909912109374,\n 40.76390128094589\n ],\n [\n -116.8231201171875,\n 41.09798187627375\n ],\n [\n -116.663818359375,\n 41.38917324986403\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"1","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"565446bce4b071e7ea53d4a0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Radtke, Arthur S.","contributorId":63795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Radtke","given":"Arthur","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Taylor, Charles M.","contributorId":150037,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Taylor","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Heropoulos, Chris","contributorId":56214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heropoulos","given":"Chris","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}