{"pageNumber":"399","pageRowStart":"9950","pageSize":"25","recordCount":16437,"records":[{"id":70199482,"text":"70199482 - 1997 - In situ and laboratory methods to study subsurface microbial transport","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-19T10:55:52","indexId":"70199482","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T10:52:50","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"In situ and laboratory methods to study subsurface microbial transport","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Manual of environmental microbiology","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Microbiology Press","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Harvey, R.W., 1997, In situ and laboratory methods to study subsurface microbial transport, chap. <i>of</i> Manual of environmental microbiology, p. 586-599.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"586","endPage":"599","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357479,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c110669e4b034bf6a80cd53","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Hurst, C. J.","contributorId":206942,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hurst","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745551,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stetzenbach, L.D.","contributorId":207563,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stetzenbach","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745552,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walters, M.","contributorId":105056,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Walters","given":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":47618,"text":"Retired Calpine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":745553,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Knudsen, G.R.","contributorId":207998,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Knudsen","given":"G.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745554,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McInerney, M.J.","contributorId":99298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McInerney","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745555,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":5}],"authors":[{"text":"Harvey, Ronald W. 0000-0002-2791-8503 rwharvey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2791-8503","contributorId":564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"Ronald","email":"rwharvey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70231429,"text":"70231429 - 1997 - A diatom-based paleohydrologic record of climate change for the past 800 k.y. from Owens Lake, California","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70231429,"text":"70231429 - 1997 - A diatom-based paleohydrologic record of climate change for the past 800 k.y. from Owens Lake, California","indexId":"70231429","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"title":"A diatom-based paleohydrologic record of climate change for the past 800 k.y. from Owens Lake, California"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70231435,"text":"70231435 - 1997 - An 800,000-year paleoclimatic record from core OL-92, Owens Lake, Southeast California","indexId":"70231435","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"title":"An 800,000-year paleoclimatic record from core OL-92, Owens Lake, Southeast California"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70231435,"text":"70231435 - 1997 - An 800,000-year paleoclimatic record from core OL-92, Owens Lake, Southeast California","indexId":"70231435","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"title":"An 800,000-year paleoclimatic record from core OL-92, Owens Lake, Southeast California"},"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-10T16:20:21.761606","indexId":"70231429","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T10:30:51","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"A diatom-based paleohydrologic record of climate change for the past 800 k.y. from Owens Lake, California","docAbstract":"<p>A 323-m (~800 k.y.) core of lake deposits beneath Owens Lake playa, Inyo County, California, contains a nearly continuous paleolimnological record based on diatom assemblages. The core chronology is anchored by the Matuyama/Brunhes magnetostratigraphic boundary and the Bishop ash near the base of the record and by radiocarbon dates near the top. </p><p>Throughout most of its history, Owens Lake was characterized by fresh-water diatoms, indicating a positive hydrologic input from the Owens River and overflow to lake systems downstream. Both benthic and planktic freshwater diatoms dominate in ashy and sandy sediments between 800 ka and 440 ka and suggest shallow, open-water environments in a basin where sedimentation and subsidence were approximately balanced. After 440 ka, freshwater planktic diatoms dominate, implying that the Owens basin became deeper, perhaps as a result of increased rates of tectonic subsidence. The stratigraphic distribution of saline benthic and planktic diatoms record comparatively short intervals when the lake was shallow and saline. Nevertheless, periodic overflow during these times prevented deposition of evaporites. </p><p>According to a chronology based on sediment mass-accumulation rates, the alternation of saline and freshwater diatom assemblages approximately tracks the progression of oxygen isotope stages recorded in marine deposits. Even-numbered isotope stages representing glacial conditions are matched by episodes where freshwater planktic diatoms dominate, indicating abundant precipitation in the Sierra Nevada in response to a southward shift of storm tracks originating in the North Pacific around the Aleutian Low.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"An 800,000-year paleoclimatic record from core OL-92, Owens Lake, Southeast California","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0-8137-2317-5.99","usgsCitation":"Bradbury, J.P., 1997, A diatom-based paleohydrologic record of climate change for the past 800 k.y. from Owens Lake, California, chap. <i>of</i> An 800,000-year paleoclimatic record from core OL-92, Owens Lake, Southeast California, v. 317, p. 99-112, https://doi.org/10.1130/0-8137-2317-5.99.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"99","endPage":"112","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":400421,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Owens Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -118.15246582031249,\n              36.27085020723902\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.81463623046875,\n              36.27085020723902\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.81463623046875,\n              36.641977814705946\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.15246582031249,\n              36.641977814705946\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.15246582031249,\n              36.27085020723902\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"317","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Smith, George I.","contributorId":57096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"George I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842576,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bischoff, James L. jbischoff@usgs.gov","contributorId":1389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bischoff","given":"James","email":"jbischoff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":842577,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Bradbury, J. Platt","contributorId":91106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradbury","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Platt","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70199200,"text":"70199200 - 1997 - Comparative results of 27A1 NMR spectrometric and ferron colorimetric analyses of hydroxaluminum hydrolysis products in aged mildly acidic aqueous systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-10T10:21:01","indexId":"70199200","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T10:19:48","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Comparative results of 27A1 NMR spectrometric and ferron colorimetric analyses of hydroxaluminum hydrolysis products in aged mildly acidic aqueous systems","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in environmental chemistry","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","publisherLocation":"New York","usgsCitation":"Vivit, D., Thorne, K.M., and Hem, J., 1997, Comparative results of 27A1 NMR spectrometric and ferron colorimetric analyses of hydroxaluminum hydrolysis products in aged mildly acidic aqueous systems, chap. <i>of</i> Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in environmental chemistry, p. 140-160.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"140","endPage":"160","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357188,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98e23ee4b0702d0e848dad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vivit, D.V.","contributorId":28609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vivit","given":"D.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thorne, Karen M. 0000-0002-1381-0657 kthorne@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1381-0657","contributorId":4191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thorne","given":"Karen","email":"kthorne@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":744641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hem, J.D.","contributorId":54576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hem","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70231423,"text":"70231423 - 1997 - Responses of sediment geochemistry to climate change in Owens Lake sediment: An 800-k.y. record of saline/fresh cycles in core OL-92","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70231423,"text":"70231423 - 1997 - Responses of sediment geochemistry to climate change in Owens Lake sediment: An 800-k.y. record of saline/fresh cycles in core OL-92","indexId":"70231423","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"title":"Responses of sediment geochemistry to climate change in Owens Lake sediment: An 800-k.y. record of saline/fresh cycles in core OL-92"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70231435,"text":"70231435 - 1997 - An 800,000-year paleoclimatic record from core OL-92, Owens Lake, Southeast California","indexId":"70231435","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"title":"An 800,000-year paleoclimatic record from core OL-92, Owens Lake, Southeast California"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70231435,"text":"70231435 - 1997 - An 800,000-year paleoclimatic record from core OL-92, Owens Lake, Southeast California","indexId":"70231435","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"title":"An 800,000-year paleoclimatic record from core OL-92, Owens Lake, Southeast California"},"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-10T16:21:04.215966","indexId":"70231423","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T09:44:17","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Responses of sediment geochemistry to climate change in Owens Lake sediment: An 800-k.y. record of saline/fresh cycles in core OL-92","docAbstract":"<p>Geochemical parameters of sediments from drill hole OL-92 indicate that Owens Lake was saline, alkaline, and highly productive during interglacial periods, and was hydrologically open and relatively unproductive during glacial periods. Abundance of CaCO<sub>3</sub>, organic carbon, and cation-exchange capacity of the clay fraction show cyclic variation down the core. Six minima in these components during the past 500 k.y. are interpreted as caused by intensive overflow that occurred during Sierran glacial advances. Maxima in these components indicate closed-lake conditions, reflecting warmer and more arid interglacial climates. The pattern of CaCO<sub>3</sub> abundance suggests that closed lake conditions predominated over the past 500 k.y. The absence of gaylussite and gypsum in the sediments, however, indicates lake salinity never exceeded about 15 wt %, a limit which requires flushing of accumulated salts every 10 k.y. </p><p>Oscillations of CaCO<sub>3</sub> generally indicate a 100-k.y. dominant cycle, a characteristic of the marine δ<sup>18</sup>O record. Four of the last five marine isotope terminations are clearly shown in the Owens Lake record. The last interglacial at Owens Lake appears to have occurred between 120 ka and 50 ka. The roughly 10-k.y. offset between this interval and marine oxygen-isotope stage 5 reflects either error in the age-depth model, or alternatively, a time lag between changes in Northern Hemisphere ice volumes and the manifestation of local climate change in lake geochemistry and sedimentology.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"An 800,000-year paleoclimatic record from core OL-92, Owens Lake, Southeast California","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0-8137-2317-5.37","usgsCitation":"Bischoff, J.L., Fitts, J.P., and Fitzpatrick, J.A., 1997, Responses of sediment geochemistry to climate change in Owens Lake sediment: An 800-k.y. record of saline/fresh cycles in core OL-92, chap. <i>of</i> An 800,000-year paleoclimatic record from core OL-92, Owens Lake, Southeast California, v. 317, p. 37-47, https://doi.org/10.1130/0-8137-2317-5.37.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"37","endPage":"47","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":400396,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Owens Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -118.18817138671875,\n              36.2354121683998\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.79266357421874,\n              36.2354121683998\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.79266357421874,\n              36.62875385775956\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.18817138671875,\n              36.62875385775956\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.18817138671875,\n              36.2354121683998\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"317","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bischoff, James L. jbischoff@usgs.gov","contributorId":1389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bischoff","given":"James","email":"jbischoff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":842565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fitts, Jeffrey P.","contributorId":73348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitts","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fitzpatrick, John A. 0000-0001-6738-7180 jfitzpat@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6738-7180","contributorId":3719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitzpatrick","given":"John","email":"jfitzpat@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70198497,"text":"70198497 - 1997 - Geochemistry of the processes that attenuate acid mine drainage in wetlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-13T09:37:03","indexId":"70198497","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T09:40:03","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Geochemistry of the processes that attenuate acid mine drainage in wetlands","docAbstract":"<p>Because conventional treatment of acid-mine drainage (AMD) involves installation and maintenance of water treatment plants, regulators and mine operators have sought lower cost and lower maintenance technologies. One ecological engineering technology that has received increasing research attention is the use of natural and constructed wetlands for remediation of some of the water-quality problems associated with AMD. As surface water flows through a wetland, several processes can occur to decrease the elevated concentrations of sulfate, trace metals, arsenic, and hydrogen ions that characterize AMD. These processes range from precipitation of mineral phases to the active uptake of solutes by vegetation. The relative importance of these processes between different wetlands depends on the hydrologic and geochemical characteristics of the wetlands. This paper describes the geochemistry of the processes that contribute to AMD attenuation in wetlands and presents some of the case studies that have identified these processes. The attenuation of AMD in wetlands has been studied in natural and in man- made (constructed) wetlands. In this paper, case studies of both are presented. A discussion of some of the general characteristics of wetlands is followed by more detailed discussions of the processes and geochemistry that contribute to the treatment of AMD in wetlands, relevant case studies, and a brief discussion of constructed wetland design. The physical, chemical, and hydrologic characteristics of a wetland that affect its potential for supporting specific types of reactions are also emphasized.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The environmental geochemistry of mineral deposits, part a: Processes, technique, and health issues","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","publisherLocation":"Littleton, Colorado ","doi":"10.5382/Rev.06.10","usgsCitation":"Walton-Day, K., 1997, Geochemistry of the processes that attenuate acid mine drainage in wetlands, chap. <i>of</i> The environmental geochemistry of mineral deposits, part a: Processes, technique, and health issues, p. 215-228, https://doi.org/10.5382/Rev.06.10.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"215","endPage":"228","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356252,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98e23ee4b0702d0e848daf","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Plumlee, Geoffrey S. 0000-0002-9607-5626 gplumlee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9607-5626","contributorId":960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plumlee","given":"Geoffrey","email":"gplumlee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742245,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Logsdon, M.J.","contributorId":194552,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Logsdon","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742246,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Walton-Day, Katherine 0000-0002-9146-6193 kwaltond@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9146-6193","contributorId":1245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walton-Day","given":"Katherine","email":"kwaltond@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":741681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":50148,"text":"ofr97679 - 1997 - EM Induction and DC Resistivity surveys near the Norman, Oklahoma Landfill - text and figures for the WRD Norman web site","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-05T08:46:16","indexId":"ofr97679","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T08:44:47","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-679","title":"EM Induction and DC Resistivity surveys near the Norman, Oklahoma Landfill - text and figures for the WRD Norman web site","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr97679","usgsCitation":"Lucius, J.E., and Bisdorf, R.J., 1997, EM Induction and DC Resistivity surveys 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,{"id":70199185,"text":"70199185 - 1997 - Geochemical modeling of water-rock interactions in mining environments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-10T08:31:51","indexId":"70199185","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T08:29:45","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Geochemical modeling of water-rock interactions in mining environments","docAbstract":"<p>Geochemical modeling is a powerful tool for evaluating geochemical processes in mining environments. Properly constrained and judiciously applied, modeling can provide valuable insights into processes controlling the release, transport, and fate of contaminants in mine drainage. This chapter contains 1) an overview of geochemical modeling, 2) discussion of the types of models and computer programs used, 3) description of a procedure for screening water analyses for modeling input, and 4) examples of the application of modeling for interpreting geochemical processes in mining environments. Three general strategies in current use to interpret water-rock interactions are statistical analysis, “inverse” modeling, and “forward” modeling. Multivariate correlation analysis, factor analysis, cluster analysis, and other statistical techniques can group water-chemistry data into sets that may relate to hydrogeochemical processes (Drever, 1988; Puckett and Bricker, 1992). In the field of geochemical exploration, statistical analysis is used widely to treat large data sets of rock and sediment chemistry (e.g., Garrett, 1989). No physical or chemical principles are involved directly in these statistical treatments, hence they are not considered further in this chapter. Nevertheless, statistical analysis can be a useful tool in organizing complex geochemical data for interpretation.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The environmental geochemistry of mineral deposits: Part A: Processes, techniques, and health issues part B: Case studies and research topics","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.5382/Rev.06.14","usgsCitation":"Alpers, C.N., and Nordstrom, D.K., 1997, Geochemical modeling of water-rock interactions in mining environments, chap. <i>of</i> The environmental geochemistry of mineral deposits: Part A: Processes, techniques, and health issues part B: Case studies and research topics, v. 6, no. 1, p. 289-324, https://doi.org/10.5382/Rev.06.14.","productDescription":"36 p.","startPage":"289","endPage":"324","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357158,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98e23ee4b0702d0e848db1","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Plumlee, Geoffrey S. 0000-0002-9607-5626 gplumlee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9607-5626","contributorId":960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plumlee","given":"Geoffrey","email":"gplumlee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":744605,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Logsdon, M.J.","contributorId":194552,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Logsdon","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744606,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Filipek, L.F.","contributorId":207755,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Filipek","given":"L.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744607,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Alpers, Charles N. 0000-0001-6945-7365 cnalpers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6945-7365","contributorId":411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alpers","given":"Charles","email":"cnalpers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":744603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nordstrom, D. Kirk 0000-0003-3283-5136 dkn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-5136","contributorId":749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordstrom","given":"D.","email":"dkn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Kirk","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":744604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70198694,"text":"70198694 - 1997 - Mass balance approach to selenium cycling through the San Joaquin Valley, sources to river to bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-15T08:18:46","indexId":"70198694","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T08:15:34","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Mass balance approach to selenium cycling through the San Joaquin Valley, sources to river to bay","docAbstract":"<p><span>Surface and ground waters of the Central Valley of California (e.g., rivers, dams, off-stream storage reservoirs, pumping facilities, irrigation and drinking water supply canals, agricultural drainage canals) are part of a hydrologic system that makes up a complex ecosystem extending from the riparian wetlands of the Sacramento and San Joaquin Rivers through the San Francisco Bay/Delta Estuary to the Pacific Ocean (Fig. 1). Water quality concerns center on elevated selenium (Se) and salt concentrations in irrigation drainage water discharged into the waterways of the relatively arid San Joaquin Valley (SJV), including the San Joaquin River (SJR). These waters are made unique by dissolved Se, weathered from marine sedimentary rocks of the Coast Ranges to the west, being ultimately concentrated to toxic levels in aquatic wildlife in the wetlands of the SJV/SJR trough (Figs. 1 and 2) (Presser and Ohlendorf, 1987; Presser, 1994). Scientific and environmental concerns focus on the bioreactive properties of Se and its partitioning among biota, water, and sediment, and on whether simple dilution models can be applied to an element that bioaccumulates. Because of state and federal commitments to provide water for irrigation, as well as drainage of irriga­ tion wastewater by the year 2000 drainage from over 180,000 ha of seleniferous, salinized farmland within the western SJV will create approximately 387 million cubic meters of potentially toxic drainage water annually (i.e., “problem water,” as defined by the San Joaquin Valley Drainage Program, 1990), thus lending urgency to an understanding of the biogeochemistry of Se in this environment.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental chemistry of selenium","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","publisherLocation":"New York","usgsCitation":"Presser, T.S., and Piper, D.Z., 1997, Mass balance approach to selenium cycling through the San Joaquin Valley, sources to river to bay, chap. <i>of</i> Environmental chemistry of selenium, 30 p.","productDescription":"30 p.","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - 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A.","contributorId":104876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engberg","given":"R. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742608,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Presser, Theresa S. 0000-0001-5643-0147 tpresser@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5643-0147","contributorId":2467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Presser","given":"Theresa","email":"tpresser@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Piper, David Z. dzpiper@usgs.gov","contributorId":2452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piper","given":"David","email":"dzpiper@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70199183,"text":"70199183 - 1997 - Seasonal variation in metal concentrations in a stream affected by acid mine drainage, St. Kevin Gulch, Colorado ","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-10T08:16:32","indexId":"70199183","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T08:08:24","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"22","title":"Seasonal variation in metal concentrations in a stream affected by acid mine drainage, St. Kevin Gulch, Colorado ","docAbstract":"<p><span>Mining of mineral deposits in the Rocky Mountains has left a legacy of acidic inflows to otherwise pristine upland watersheds. Since 1986, the U.S. Geological Survey has studied physical, chemical, and biological processes that affect the transport and transformation of metals in St. Kevin Gulch, an acidic, metal-rich stream near Leadville, Colorado. Well-known chemical processes have been quantified in the context of on-going physical transport by defining the hydrology with instream tracer-dilution experiments. These processes affect the partitioning of metals between dissolved and colloidal transport phases. In this acidic stream, pH increases during snowmelt runoff. At the most acidic stream site, pH varies from 3.15 to 4.00 during seasonal changes. Conservative effects of dilution are quantified using manganese as a natural, conservative tracer. Aluminum, copper, and zinc also are relatively conservative throughout the seasonal changes. Sulfate and iron, on the other hand, are removed with respect to manganese. The loss of iron through precipitation of hydrous Fe oxide is consistent with thermodynamic calculations. The loss of sulfate, however, cannot be fully explained.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The environmental geochemistry of mineral deposits: Part A: Processes, techniques, and health issues part B: Case studies and research topics","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.5382/Rev.06","usgsCitation":"Kimball, B.A., 1997, Seasonal variation in metal concentrations in a stream affected by acid mine drainage, St. Kevin Gulch, Colorado , chap. 22 <i>of</i> The environmental geochemistry of mineral deposits: Part A: Processes, techniques, and health issues part B: Case studies and research topics, v. 6, p. 467-477, https://doi.org/10.5382/Rev.06.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"467","endPage":"477","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357157,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"St. Kevin Gulch","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -106.45923614501953,\n              39.273992339346364\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.29718780517578,\n              39.273992339346364\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.29718780517578,\n              39.381548769326415\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.45923614501953,\n              39.381548769326415\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.45923614501953,\n              39.273992339346364\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98e23ee4b0702d0e848db5","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Plumlee, Geoffrey S. 0000-0002-9607-5626 gplumlee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9607-5626","contributorId":960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plumlee","given":"Geoffrey","email":"gplumlee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":744599,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Logsdon, M.J.","contributorId":194552,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Logsdon","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744600,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Filipek, L.F.","contributorId":207755,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Filipek","given":"L.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744601,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Kimball, B. A.","contributorId":87583,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kimball","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70019437,"text":"70019437 - 1997 - In-situ stress and fracture permeability in a fault-hosted geothermal reservoir at Dixie Valley, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:13","indexId":"70019437","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"In-situ stress and fracture permeability in a fault-hosted geothermal reservoir at Dixie Valley, Nevada","docAbstract":"As part of a study relating fractured rock hydrology to in-situ stress and recent deformation within the Dixie Valley Geothermal Field, borehole televiewer logging and hydraulic fracturing stress measurements were conducted in a 2.7-km-deep geothermal production well (73B-7) drilled into the Stillwater fault zone. Borehole televiewer logs from well 73B-7 show numerous drilling-induced tensile fractures, indicating that the direction of the minimum horizontal principal stress, Shmin, is S57 ??E. As the Stillwater fault at this location dips S50 ??E at approximately 3??, it is nearly at the optimal orientation for normal faulting in the current stress field. Analysis of the hydraulic fracturing data shows that the magnitude of Shmin is 24.1 and 25.9 MPa at 1.7 and 2.5 km, respectively. In addition, analysis of a hydraulic fracturing test from a shallow well 1.5 km northeast of 73B-7 indicates that the magnitude of Shmin is 5.6 MPa at 0.4 km depth. Coulomb failure analysis shows that the magnitude of Shmin in these wells is close to that predicted for incipient normal faulting on the Stillwater and subparallel faults, using coefficients of friction of 0.6-1.0 and estimates of the in-situ fluid pressure and overburden stress. Spinner flowmeter and temperature logs were also acquired in well 73B-7 and were used to identify hydraulically conductive fractures. Comparison of these stress and hydrologic data with fracture orientations from the televiewer log indicates that hydraulically conductive fractures within and adjacent to the Stillwater fault zone are critically stressed, potentially active normal faults in the current west-northwest extensional stress regime at Dixie Valley.","largerWorkTitle":"Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the 1997 Annual Meeting of the Geothermal Resources Council","conferenceDate":"12 October 1997 through 15 October 1997","conferenceLocation":"Burlingame, CA, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Geothermal Resources Council","publisherLocation":"Davis, CA, United States","issn":"01935933","usgsCitation":"Hickman, S., Barton, C., Zoback, M., Morin, R., Sass, J., and Benoit, R., 1997, In-situ stress and fracture permeability in a fault-hosted geothermal reservoir at Dixie Valley, Nevada, <i>in</i> Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council, v. 21, Burlingame, CA, USA, 12 October 1997 through 15 October 1997, p. 181-189.","startPage":"181","endPage":"189","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226655,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a39c8e4b0c8380cd61a3f","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Anon","contributorId":128316,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Anon","id":536454,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Hickman, Stephen","contributorId":29139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hickman","given":"Stephen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barton, Colleen","contributorId":66864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barton","given":"Colleen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zoback, Mark","contributorId":81092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zoback","given":"Mark","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Morin, Roger","contributorId":31922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morin","given":"Roger","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sass, John","contributorId":14130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sass","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Benoit, Richard","contributorId":34666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benoit","given":"Richard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70185273,"text":"70185273 - 1997 - Potential for intrinsic bioremediation of a DNT-contaminated aquifer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-13T06:40:39","indexId":"70185273","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Potential for intrinsic bioremediation of a DNT-contaminated aquifer","docAbstract":"<p><span>Microorganisms indigenous to a shallow aquifer, which underlies an explosives-contaminated site, mineralized 28% of [U-ring-</span><sup>14</sup><span>C] 2,4–dinitrotoluene to </span><sup>14</sup><span>CO</span><sub>2</sub><span> within 28 days under aerobic conditions. Approximately 20% of added 2,4–dinitrotoluene remained undegraded at the end of the incubation while approximately 22% and 6% were transformed to 4–amino-2–nitrotoluene and 2–amino-4–nitrotoluene, respectively. In aquifer microcosms containing 2,6–dinitrotoluene, approximately 67% of the substrate remained undegraded and approximately 14% was transformed to 2–amino-6–nitrotoluene. The radiolabeled study indicated that about 8% of the 2,6–dinotrotoluene was mineralized to CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>. The demonstrated degradation and subsequent mineralization of dinitrotoluene compounds by aquifer microorganisms are consistent with the decline in dissolved dinitrotoluene concentrations observed along the general ground-water flowpath at the site. The results indicate that intrinsic bioremediation may be a viable alternative for remediating contaminated ground water at this site.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1997.tb00054.x","usgsCitation":"Bradley, P., Chapelle, F.H., Landmeyer, J., and Schumacher, J., 1997, Potential for intrinsic bioremediation of a DNT-contaminated aquifer: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 35, no. 1, p. 12-17, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1997.tb00054.x.","productDescription":"6 p. ","startPage":"12","endPage":"17","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488477,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1997.tb00054.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":337811,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-08-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ccf5a0e4b0849ce97f0d0a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradley, P. M. 0000-0001-7522-8606","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7522-8606","contributorId":29465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"P. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chapelle, F. H.","contributorId":101697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapelle","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Landmeyer, J. E.","contributorId":91140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landmeyer","given":"J. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schumacher, J.G.","contributorId":54398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schumacher","given":"J.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70185275,"text":"70185275 - 1997 - Analysis of the Cape Cod tracer data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-15T10:39:57","indexId":"70185275","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Analysis of the Cape Cod tracer data","docAbstract":"<p><span>An analysis of the Cape Cod test was performed using several first- and higher-order theoretical models. We compare conditional and unconditional solutions of the transport equation and employ them for analysis of the experimental data. We consider spatial moments, mass breakthrough curves, and the distribution of the solute mass in space. The concentration measurements were also analyzed using theoretical models for the expected value and variance of concentration. The theoretical models we employed are based on the spatial correlation structure of the conductivity field, without any fitting of parameters to the tracer data, and hence we can test the predictive power of the theories tested. The effects of recharge on macrodispersion are investigated, and it is shown that recharge provides a reasonable explanation for the enhanced lateral spread of the Cape Cod plume. The compendium of the experimental results presented here is useful for testing of theoretical and numerical models.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/96WR02586","usgsCitation":"Ezzedine, S., and Rubin, Y., 1997, Analysis of the Cape Cod tracer data: Water Resources Research, v. 33, no. 1, p. 1-11, https://doi.org/10.1029/96WR02586.","productDescription":"11 p. ","startPage":"1","endPage":"11","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479950,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/96wr02586","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":337813,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ccf5a0e4b0849ce97f0d08","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ezzedine, Souheil","contributorId":189491,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ezzedine","given":"Souheil","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rubin, Yoram","contributorId":189432,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rubin","given":"Yoram","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70175270,"text":"70175270 - 1997 - Spring snowmelt in the Sierra Nevada - Does a day make a difference?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-01T15:12:28.722438","indexId":"70175270","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3914,"text":"Interagency Ecological Program Newsletter","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spring snowmelt in the Sierra Nevada - Does a day make a difference?","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Interagency Ecological Program for the Sacramento–San Joaquin Estuary","usgsCitation":"Peterson, D.H., Dettinger, M.D., Cayan, D., Smith, R.E., Riddle, L., and Knowles, N., 1997, Spring snowmelt in the Sierra Nevada - Does a day make a difference?: Interagency Ecological Program Newsletter, v. 11, no. 3, p. 16-19.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"16","endPage":"19","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326060,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sierra Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -117.91625976562499,\n              35.63051198300061\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.46557617187499,\n              37.67512527892127\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.893798828125,\n              38.993572058209466\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.50903320312501,\n              39.96870074491696\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.025390625,\n              40.82212357516945\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.92626953124999,\n              40.522150985623796\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.5087890625,\n              39.198205348894795\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.58593749999999,\n              37.77071473849609\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.17968749999999,\n              36.62434536776987\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.817138671875,\n              35.7019167328534\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.71826171875,\n              35.22767235493586\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.27880859375001,\n              35.05698043137265\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.91625976562499,\n              35.63051198300061\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"11","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57a315d1e4b006cb45558ba8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peterson, D. H.","contributorId":92229,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"D.","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dettinger, M. D. 0000-0002-7509-7332","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-7332","contributorId":93069,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dettinger","given":"M.","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":16196,"text":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":644639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cayan, D.R.","contributorId":25961,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cayan","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16196,"text":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":644640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smith, R. E.","contributorId":76366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Riddle, L.","contributorId":47550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riddle","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Knowles, N.","contributorId":61212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knowles","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70019949,"text":"70019949 - 1997 - In situ stress and fracture permeability along the Stillwater fault zone, Dixie Valley Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:22","indexId":"70019949","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2071,"text":"International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"In situ stress and fracture permeability along the Stillwater fault zone, Dixie Valley Nevada","docAbstract":"Borehole televiewer and hydrologic logging and hydraulic fracturing stress measurements were carried out in a 2.7-km-deep geothermal production well (73B-7) drilled into the Stillwater fault zone. Precision temperature and spinner flowmeter logs were also acquired in well 73B-7, with and without simultaneously injecting water into the well. Localized perturbations to well-bore temperature and flow were used to identify hydraulically conductive fractures. Comparison of these data with fracture orientations from the televiewer log indicates that permeable fractures within and adjacent to the Stillwater fault zone are critically stressed, potentially active shear planes in the current west-northwest extensional stress regime at Dixie Valley.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the 1997 36th US Rock Mechanics ISRM International Symposium","conferenceDate":"29 June 1997 through 2 July 1997","conferenceLocation":"New York, NY, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Sci Ltd","publisherLocation":"Exeter, United Kingdom","doi":"10.1016/S0148-9062(97)00169-1","issn":"01489062","usgsCitation":"Hickman, S., Barton, C.A., Zoback, M.D., Morin, R., Sass, J., and Benoit, R., 1997, In situ stress and fracture permeability along the Stillwater fault zone, Dixie Valley Nevada: International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts, v. 34, no. 3-4, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0148-9062(97)00169-1.","startPage":"414","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":206054,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0148-9062(97)00169-1"},{"id":228107,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a39ace4b0c8380cd619de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hickman, S.H. 0000-0003-2075-9615","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2075-9615","contributorId":16027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hickman","given":"S.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barton, C. A.","contributorId":47097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barton","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zoback, Mark D.","contributorId":80275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zoback","given":"Mark","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Morin, R.","contributorId":6210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morin","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sass, J.","contributorId":65623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sass","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Benoit, R.","contributorId":97651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benoit","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70185302,"text":"70185302 - 1997 - Tritium/3He dating of river infiltration: An example from the Danube in the Szigetköz area, Hungary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-25T15:46:00.568006","indexId":"70185302","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Tritium/<sup>3</sup>He dating of river infiltration: An example from the Danube in the Szigetköz area, Hungary","title":"Tritium/3He dating of river infiltration: An example from the Danube in the Szigetköz area, Hungary","docAbstract":"<p><sup>3</sup><span>H, He,&nbsp;</span><sup>4</sup><span>He, and Ne data were obtained from a shallow ground-water system being recharged by bank infiltration from the Danube River in northwestern Hungary. After correting for excess air,&nbsp;</span><sup>4</sup><span>He and Ne concentrations reflect a recharge temperature of about 9° C., close to the mean annual temperature of the Danube (10.4° C). Values of H plus&nbsp;</span><sup>3</sup><span>Hetrit (“initial tritium”) as a function of the tritium/He age are consistent with time series measurements of tritium in the Danube. Tritium/ He ages increase linearly as a function of distance from the Danube along ground-water flow lines. A horizontal flow velocity of about 530 m yr</span><sup>1</sup><span>&nbsp;was derived from the age gradient. Most of the deviations between measured Danube tritium data and ground-water tritium/He data can be explained by dispersive mixing.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1997.tb00160.x","usgsCitation":"Stute, M., Deak, J., Révész, K., Böhlke, J., Deseo, E., Weppernig, R., and Schlosser, P., 1997, Tritium/3He dating of river infiltration: An example from the Danube in the Szigetköz area, Hungary: Groundwater, v. 35, no. 5, p. 905-911, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1997.tb00160.x.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"905","endPage":"911","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337843,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Hungary","otherGeospatial":"Danube River, Szigetköz area","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              17.377967834472656,\n              47.80185591898276\n            ],\n            [\n              17.58636474609375,\n              47.80185591898276\n            ],\n            [\n              17.58636474609375,\n              47.92669550620867\n            ],\n            [\n              17.377967834472656,\n              47.92669550620867\n            ],\n            [\n              17.377967834472656,\n              47.80185591898276\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"35","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-08-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d0ea1ce4b0236b68f67381","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stute, M.","contributorId":67234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stute","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Deak, J.","contributorId":189535,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Deak","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Révész, K.","contributorId":189536,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Révész","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Böhlke, J. K. 0000-0001-5693-6455","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":173577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Böhlke","given":"J. K.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":685086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Deseo, E.","contributorId":189537,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Deseo","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Weppernig, R.","contributorId":57616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weppernig","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Schlosser, P.","contributorId":106656,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schlosser","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":1008584,"text":"1008584 - 1997 - Modeling fish dynamics and effects of stress in a hydrologically pulsed ecosystem","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-15T16:44:34.47697","indexId":"1008584","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2179,"text":"Journal of Aquatic Ecosystem Stress and Recovery","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling fish dynamics and effects of stress in a hydrologically pulsed ecosystem","docAbstract":"<p><span>Many wetlands undergo seasonal cycles in precipitation and water depth. This environmental seasonality is echoed in patterns of production of fish biomass, which, in turn, influence the phenology of other components of the food web, including wading birds. Human activities, such as drainage or other alterations of the hydrology, can exacerbate these natural cycles and result in detrimental stresses on fish production and the higher trophic levels dependent on this production. In this paper we model the seasonal pattern of fish production in a freshwater marsh, with special reference to the Everglades/Big Cypress region of southern Florida. The model illustrates the temporal pattern of production through the year, which can result in very high densities of fish at the end of a hydroperiod (period of flooding), as well as the importance of ponds and other deep depressions, both as refugia and sinks during dry periods. The model predicts that: (1) there is an effective threshold in the length of the hydroperiod that must be exceeded for high fish-population densities to be produced, (2) large, piscivorous fishes do not appear to have a major impact on smaller fishes in the marsh habitat, and (3) the recovery of small-fish populations in the marsh following a major drought may require up to a year. The last of these results is relevant to assessing anthropogenic impacts on marsh production, as these effects may increase the severity and frequency of droughts.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1023/A:1008228706210","usgsCitation":"DeAngelis, D., Loftus, W., Trexler, J., and Ulanowicz, R.E., 1997, Modeling fish dynamics and effects of stress in a hydrologically pulsed ecosystem: Journal of Aquatic Ecosystem Stress and Recovery, v. 1, p. 1-13, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008228706210.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"13","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133013,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699937","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DeAngelis, D.L. 0000-0002-1570-4057","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1570-4057","contributorId":32470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeAngelis","given":"D.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loftus, W.F.","contributorId":29363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loftus","given":"W.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Trexler, J.C.","contributorId":23108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trexler","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ulanowicz, Robert E.","contributorId":34879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ulanowicz","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70019463,"text":"70019463 - 1997 - Organic carbon and nitrogen content associated with colloids and suspended particulates from the Mississippi River and some of its tributaries","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-04T10:49:28","indexId":"70019463","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Organic carbon and nitrogen content associated with colloids and suspended particulates from the Mississippi River and some of its tributaries","docAbstract":"Suspended material samples were collected at 16 sites along the Mississippi River and some of its tributaries during July-August 1991, October-November 1991, and April-May 1992, and separated into colloid and particulate fractions to determine the organic carbon content of these two fractions of suspended material. Sample collection involved centrifugation to isolate the suspended particulate fraction and ultrafiltration to isolate the colloid fraction. For the first time, particulate and colloid concentrations and organic carbon and nitrogen content were investigated along the entire reach of the Mississippi River from above Minneapolis, Minnesota, to below New Orleans, Louisiana. Organic carbon content of the colloid (15.2 percent) was much higher than organic carbon content of the particulate material (4.8 percent). Carbon/nitrogen ratios of colloid and particulate phases were more similar to ratios for microorganisms than to ratios for soils, humic materials, or plants.Suspended material samples were collected at 16 sites along the Mississippi River and some of its tributaries during July-August 1991, October-November 1991, and April-May 1992, and separated into colloid and particulate fractions to determine the organic carbon content of these two fractions of suspended material. Sample collection involved centrifugation to isolate the suspended particulate fraction and ultrafiltration to isolate the colloid fraction. For the first time, particulate and colloid concentrations and organic carbon and nitrogen content were investigated along the entire reach of the Mississippi River from above Minneapolis, Minnesota, to below New Orleans, Louisiana. Organic carbon content of the colloid (15.2 percent) was much higher than organic carbon content of the particulate material (4.8 percent). Carbon/nitrogen ratios of colloid and particulate phases were more similar to ratios for microorganisms than to ratios for soils, humic materials, or plants.","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es970196b","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Rostad, C., Leenheer, J., and Daniel, S., 1997, Organic carbon and nitrogen content associated with colloids and suspended particulates from the Mississippi River and some of its tributaries: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 31, no. 11, p. 3218-3225, https://doi.org/10.1021/es970196b.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"3218","endPage":"3225","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":226840,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":205796,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es970196b"}],"volume":"31","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1997-10-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6f8fe4b0c8380cd75b65","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rostad, C.E.","contributorId":50939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rostad","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leenheer, J.A.","contributorId":75123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leenheer","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Daniel, S.R.","contributorId":28379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daniel","given":"S.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70019499,"text":"70019499 - 1997 - Water quality functions of riparian forest buffers in Chesapeake bay watersheds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:13","indexId":"70019499","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1547,"text":"Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Water quality functions of riparian forest buffers in Chesapeake bay watersheds","docAbstract":"Maryland, Virginia, and Pennsylvania, USA, have agreed to reduce nutrient loadings to Chesapeake Bay by 40% by the year 2000. This requires control of nonpoint sources of nutrients much of which comes from agriculture. Riparian forest buffer systems (RFBS) provide effective control of nonpoint source (NPS) pollution in some types of agricultural watersheds. Control of NPS pollution is dependent on the type of pollutant and the hydrologic connection between pollution sources, the RFBS, and the stream. Water quality improvements are most likely in areas of where most of the excess precipitation moves across, in, or near the root zone of the RFBS. In areas such as the Inner Coastal Plain and Piedmont watersheds with thin soils RFBS should retain 50%-90% of the total loading of nitrate in shallow groundwater sediment in surface runoff and total N in born surface runoff and groundwater. Retention of phosphorus is generally much less. In regions with deeper soils and/or greater regional groundwater recharge (such as parts of the Piedmont and the Valley and Ridge), RFBS water quality improvements are probably much less. The expected levels of pollutant control by RFBS are identified for each of nine physiographic provinces of the Chesapeake Bay Watershed. Issues related to of establishment sustainability, and management are also discussed.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer-Verlag New York","publisherLocation":"Secaucus, NJ, United States","doi":"10.1007/s002679900060","issn":"0364152X","usgsCitation":"Lowrance, R., Altier, L., Newbold, J., Schnabel, R., Groffman, P., Denver, J.M., Correll, D., Gilliam, J., Robinson, J., Brinsfield, R., Staver, K., Lucas, W., and Todd, A., 1997, Water quality functions of riparian forest buffers in Chesapeake bay watersheds: Environmental Management, v. 21, no. 5, p. 687-712, https://doi.org/10.1007/s002679900060.","startPage":"687","endPage":"712","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205701,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002679900060"},{"id":226300,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc894e4b08c986b32c9dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lowrance, R.","contributorId":6198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowrance","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Altier, L.S.","contributorId":43116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Altier","given":"L.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Newbold, J.D.","contributorId":55582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newbold","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schnabel, R.R.","contributorId":81259,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schnabel","given":"R.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Groffman, P.M.","contributorId":21904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Groffman","given":"P.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Denver, J. M.","contributorId":100356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denver","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Correll, D.L.","contributorId":20478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Correll","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Gilliam, J.W.","contributorId":42369,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilliam","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Robinson, J.L.","contributorId":13283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Brinsfield, R.B.","contributorId":78484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brinsfield","given":"R.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Staver, K.W.","contributorId":91997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Staver","given":"K.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Lucas, W.","contributorId":107439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lucas","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Todd, A.H.","contributorId":9409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Todd","given":"A.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}}
,{"id":70019561,"text":"70019561 - 1997 - Response characteristics of DOC flushing in an alpine catchment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-08T16:53:40","indexId":"70019561","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Response characteristics of DOC flushing in an alpine catchment","docAbstract":"<p>The spatial distribution of source areas and associated residence times of water in the catchment are significant factors controlling the annual cycles of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration in Deer Creek (Summit County, Colorado). During spring snowmelt (April-August 1992), stream DOC concentrations increased with the rising limb of the hydrograph, peaked before maximum discharge, then declined rapidly as melting continued. We investigated catchment sources of DOC to streamflow, measuring DOC in tension lysimeters, groundwater wells, snow and streamflow. Lysimeter data indicate that near-surface soil horizons are a primary contributor of DOC to streamflow during spring snowmelt. Concentrations of DOC in the lysimeters decrease rapidly during the melt period, supporting the hypothesis that hydrological flushing of catchment soils is the primary mechanism affecting the temporal variation of DOC in Deer Creek. Time constants of DOC flushing, characterizing the exponential decay of DOC concentration in the upper soil horizon, ranged from 10 to 30 days for the 10 lysimeter sites. Differences in the rate of flushing are influenced by topographical position, with near-stream riparian soils flushed more quickly than soils located further upslope. Variation in the amount of distribution of accumulated snow, and asynchronous melting of the snowpack across the landscape, staggered the onset of the spring flush throughout the catchment, prolonging the period of increased concentrations of DOC in the stream. Streamflow integrates the catchment-scale flushing responses, yielding a time constant associated with the recession of DOC in the stream channel (84 days) that is significantly longer than the time constants observed for particular locations in the upper soil.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/(SICI)1099-1085(19971015)11:12<1635::AID-HYP494>3.0.CO;2-H","issn":"08856087","usgsCitation":"Boyer, E., Hornberger, G., Bencala, K., and McKnight, D.M., 1997, Response characteristics of DOC flushing in an alpine catchment: Hydrological Processes, v. 11, no. 12, p. 1635-1647, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1085(19971015)11:12<1635::AID-HYP494>3.0.CO;2-H.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1635","endPage":"1647","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":227794,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aaa11e4b0c8380cd86110","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boyer, E.W.","contributorId":56358,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boyer","given":"E.W.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6738,"text":"The Pennsylvania State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":383174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hornberger, G.M.","contributorId":68463,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hornberger","given":"G.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bencala, K.E.","contributorId":105312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bencala","given":"K.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McKnight, Diane M.","contributorId":59773,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKnight","given":"Diane","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":16833,"text":"INSTAAR, University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":383175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70019560,"text":"70019560 - 1997 - Stream bed temperature profiles as indicators of percolation characteristics beneath arroyos in the middle Rio Grande Basin, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-12T06:33:09","indexId":"70019560","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stream bed temperature profiles as indicators of percolation characteristics beneath arroyos in the middle Rio Grande Basin, USA","docAbstract":"<p>Stream bed temperature profiles were monitored continuously during water year 1990 and 1991 (WY90 and 91) in two New Mexico arroyos, similar in their meteorological features and dissimilar in their hydrological features. Stream bed temperature profiles between depths of 30 and 300 cm were examined to determine whether temporal changes in temperature profiles represent accurate indicators of the timing, depth and duration of percolation in each stream bed. These results were compared with stream flow, air temperature, and precipitation records for WY90 and 91, to evaluate the effect of changing surface conditions on temperature profiles. Temperature profiles indicate a persistently high thermal gradient with depth beneath Grantline Arroyo, except during a semi-annual thermal reversal in spring and autumn. This typifies the thermal response of dry sediments with low thermal conductivities. High thermal gradients were disrupted only during infrequent stream flows, followed by rapid re-establishment of high gradients. The stream bed temperature at 300 cm was unresponsive to individual precipitation or stream flow during WY90 and 91. This thermal pattern provides strong evidence that most seepage into Grantline Arroyo failed to percolate at a sufficient rate to reach 300 cm before being returned to the atmosphere. A distinctly different thermal pattern was recorded beneath Tijeras Arroyo. Low thermal gradients between 30 and 300 cm and large diurnal variations in temperature, suggest that stream flow created continuous, advection-dominated heat transport for over 300 days, annually. Beneath Tijeras Arroyo, low thermal gradients were interrupted only briefly during periodic, dry summer conditions. Comparisons of stream flow records for WY90 and 91 with stream bed temperature profiles indicate that independent analysis of thermal patterns provides accurate estimates of the timing, depth and duration of percolation beneath both arroyos. Stream flow loss estimates indicate that seepage rates were 15 times greater for Tijeras Arroyo than for Grantline Arroyo, which supports qualitative conclusions derived from analysis of stream bed temperature responses to surface conditions.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/(SICI)1099-1085(19971015)11:12<1621::AID-HYP493>3.0.CO;2-X","issn":"08856087","usgsCitation":"Constantz, J., and Thomas, C.L., 1997, Stream bed temperature profiles as indicators of percolation characteristics beneath arroyos in the middle Rio Grande Basin, USA: Hydrological Processes, v. 11, no. 12, p. 1621-1634, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1085(19971015)11:12<1621::AID-HYP493>3.0.CO;2-X.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1621","endPage":"1634","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":227793,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9a63e4b08c986b31c8f4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Constantz, J.","contributorId":29953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Constantz","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thomas, C. L.","contributorId":43802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70019757,"text":"70019757 - 1997 - Complex response of a midcontinent north America drainage system to late Wisconsinan sedimentation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-14T11:15:34.989843","indexId":"70019757","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2451,"text":"Journal of Sedimentary Research","onlineIssn":"1938-3681","printIssn":"1527-1404","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Complex response of a midcontinent north America drainage system to late Wisconsinan sedimentation","docAbstract":"<div><div id=\"12461418\" class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \" data-section-parent-id=\"0\"><p>The geomorphic evolution of Mud Creek basin in eastern Iowa, U.S.A. serves to illustrate how geomorphic influences such as sediment supply, valley gradient, climate, and vegetation are recorded in the alluvial stratigraphic record. Sediment supply to the fluvial system increased significantly during the late Wisconsinan through a combination of periglacial erosion and loess accumulation. Subsequent evolution of the Holocene alluvial stratigraphic record reflects long-term routing of the late Wisconsinan sediment through the drainage basin in a series of cut-and-fill cycles whose timing was influenced by hydrologic response to change in climate and vegetation. When viewed in a regional context, the alluvial stratigraphic record appears to reflect a long-term complex response of the fluvial system to increased sediment supply during the late Wisconsinan. Hydrologic and sediment-supply changes accompanying the spread of Euroamerican agriculture to the basin in the 1800s dramatically upset trends in sedimentation and channel behavior established during the Holocene.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Sedimentary Geology","doi":"10.1306/D426862B-2B26-11D7-8648000102C1865D","issn":"1073130X","usgsCitation":"Bettis, E., and Autin, W., 1997, Complex response of a midcontinent north America drainage system to late Wisconsinan sedimentation: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 67, no. 4, p. 740-748, https://doi.org/10.1306/D426862B-2B26-11D7-8648000102C1865D.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"740","endPage":"748","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227686,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"67","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f910e4b0c8380cd4d3ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bettis, E. Arthur III","contributorId":72822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bettis","given":"E. Arthur","suffix":"III","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Autin, W.J.","contributorId":7436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Autin","given":"W.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70020074,"text":"70020074 - 1997 - Differential cytochrome content and reductase activity in Geospirillum barnesii strain SeS3","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-12T06:42:20","indexId":"70020074","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":889,"text":"Archives of Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Differential cytochrome content and reductase activity in Geospirillum barnesii strain SeS3","docAbstract":"The protein composition, cytochrome content, and reductase activity in the dissimilatory selenate-reducing bacterium Geospirillum barnesii strain SeS3, grown with thiosulfate, nitrate, selenate, or fumarate as the terminal electron acceptor, was investigated. Comparison of seven high-molecular-mass membrane proteins (105.3, 90.3, 82.6, 70.2, 67.4, 61.1, and 57.3 kDa) by SDS-PAGE showed that their detection was dependent on the terminal electron acceptor used. Membrane fractions from cells grown on thiosulfate contained a 70.2-kDa c-type cytochrome with absorbance maxima at 552, 522, and 421 nm. A 61.1-kDa c-type cytochrome with absorption maxima at 552, 523, and 423 nm was seen in membrane fractions from cells grown on nitrate. No c-type cytochromes were detected in membrane fractions of either selenate- or fumarate-grown cells. Difference spectra, however, revealed the presence of a cytochrome b554 (absorption maxima at 554, 523, and 422 nm) in membrane fractions from selenate-grown cells and a cytochrome b556 (absorption maxima at 556, 520, and 416 nm) in membrane fractions from fumarate-grown cells. Analysis of reductase activity in the different membrane fractions showed variability in substrate specificity. However, enzyme activity was greatest for the substrate on which the cells had been grown (e.g., membranes from nitrate-grown cells exhibited the greatest activity with nitrate). These results show that protein composition, cytochrome content, and reductase activity are dependent on the terminal electron acceptor used for growth.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s002030050408","issn":"03028933","usgsCitation":"Stolz, J., Gugliuzza, T., Switzer, B.J., Oremland, R., and Martinez, M.F., 1997, Differential cytochrome content and reductase activity in Geospirillum barnesii strain SeS3: Archives of Microbiology, v. 167, no. 1, p. 1-5, https://doi.org/10.1007/s002030050408.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"5","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":228271,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":206094,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002030050408"}],"volume":"167","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a00f6e4b0c8380cd4f9f6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stolz, J.F.","contributorId":94022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stolz","given":"J.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gugliuzza, T.","contributorId":22515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gugliuzza","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Switzer, Blum J.","contributorId":33076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Switzer","given":"Blum","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Oremland, R.","contributorId":26831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oremland","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Martinez, Murillo F.","contributorId":96435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martinez","given":"Murillo","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70019253,"text":"70019253 - 1997 - A theoretically based determination of bowen-ratio fetch requirements","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-04T10:56:48","indexId":"70019253","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1072,"text":"Boundary-Layer Meteorology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A theoretically based determination of bowen-ratio fetch requirements","docAbstract":"Determination of fetch requirements for accurate Bowen-ratio measurements of latent- and sensible-heat fluxes is more involved than for eddy-correlation measurements because Bowen-ratio sensors are located at two heights, rather than just one. A simple solution to the diffusion equation is used to derive an expression for Bowen-ratio fetch requirements, downwind of a step change in surface fluxes. These requirements are then compared to eddy-correlation fetch requirements based on the same diffusion equation solution. When the eddy-correlation and upper Bowen-ratio sensor heights are equal, and the available energy upwind and downwind of the step change is constant, the Bowen-ratio method requires less fetch than does eddy correlation. Differences in fetch requirements between the two methods are greatest over relatively smooth surfaces. Bowen-ratio fetch can be reduced significantly by lowering the lower sensor, as well as the upper sensor. The Bowen-ratio fetch model was tested using data from a field experiment where multiple Bowen-ratio systems were deployed simultaneously at various fetches and heights above a field of bermudagrass. Initial comparisons were poor, but improved greatly when the model was modified (and operated numerically) to account for the large roughness of the upwind cotton field.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1023/A:1000286829849","issn":"00068314","usgsCitation":"Stannard, D., 1997, A theoretically based determination of bowen-ratio fetch requirements: Boundary-Layer Meteorology, v. 83, no. 3, p. 375-406, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1000286829849.","productDescription":"32 p.","startPage":"375","endPage":"406","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":226638,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"83","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e5fae4b0c8380cd47093","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stannard, D.I.","contributorId":100884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stannard","given":"D.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70019672,"text":"70019672 - 1997 - Effects of carbon dioxide variations in the unsaturated zone on water chemistry in a glacial-outwash aquifer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-14T06:21:28","indexId":"70019672","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of carbon dioxide variations in the unsaturated zone on water chemistry in a glacial-outwash aquifer","docAbstract":"The research site at Otis Air Base, Cape Cod, Massachusetts, has been developed for hydrogeological and geochemical studies of sewage-effluent contaminated groundwater since 1982. Research of hydrologic properties, transport, and chemical and biological processes is ongoing, but the origin of background water chemistry has not been determined. The principal geochemical process giving rise to the observed background water chemistry is CO2-controlled hydrolysis of Na feldspar. Geochemical modeling demonstrated that CO2 sources could vary over the project area. Analyses of unsaturated zone gases showed variations in CO2 which were dependent on land use and vegetative cover in the area of groundwater recharge. Measurements of CO2 in unsaturated-zone gases showed that concentrations of total inorganic C in recharge water should range from about 0.035 to 1.0 mmoles/L in the vicinity of Otis Air Base. Flux of CO2 from the unsaturated zone varied for a principal land uses, ranging from 86 gC/m2/yr for low vegetated areas to 1630 gC/m2/yr for a golf course. Carbon dioxide flux from woodlands was 220 gC/m2/yr, lower than reported fluxes of 500 to 600 gC/m2/yr for woodlands in a similar climate. Carbon dioxide flux from grassy areas was 540 gC/m2/yr, higher than reported fluxes of 230 to 490 gC/m2/yr for grasslands in a similar climate.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0883-2927(97)00001-2","issn":"08832927","usgsCitation":"Lee, R.W., 1997, Effects of carbon dioxide variations in the unsaturated zone on water chemistry in a glacial-outwash aquifer: Applied Geochemistry, v. 12, no. 4, p. 347-366, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0883-2927(97)00001-2.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"347","endPage":"366","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":206069,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0883-2927(97)00001-2"},{"id":228170,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a06a4e4b0c8380cd51352","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, R. W.","contributorId":86757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70019249,"text":"70019249 - 1997 - Advances in ice radar studies of a temperate alpine glacier, South Cascade Glacier, Washington, U.S.A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-31T00:34:42.271626","indexId":"70019249","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":794,"text":"Annals of Glaciology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Advances in ice radar studies of a temperate alpine glacier, South Cascade Glacier, Washington, U.S.A.","docAbstract":"South Cascade Glacier, Washington, U.S.A., is one of the most extensively studied glaciers in the Western Hemisphere. In addition to mass-balance measurements, which date to 1958, numerous hydrological investigations have been carried out during the last three decades, and repeated ice-thickness determinations have been made using a variety of techniques. In the late 1960s, the basal topography was initially determined by gravitimetric methods. In the mid-1970s some of the first depth measurements using radar on temperate ice were made. The basal topography was remapped soon after from a series of point radar measurements and boreholes drilled to the glacier bottom. During the 1990s, the ice thickness was remapped using digital recording of continuous profiles that obtained over 5000 ice-thickness measurements. Profiles have been corrected for the finite beamwidth of the antenna radiation pattern and reflections in steep terrain, resulting in a significantly improved depiction of the basal surface and internal structures. The map based on our recent radar profiles confirms the large-scale features of the basal topography previously depicted and reveals more structural detail. A bright reflector was detected at the base of the glacier and could be traced in adjacent profiles. Comparison with results from water-level measurements in boreholes drilled to the bed indicates that the reflector is a subglacial conduit.","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.3189/S0260305500012350","issn":"02603055","usgsCitation":"Fountain, A.G., and Jacobel, R., 1997, Advances in ice radar studies of a temperate alpine glacier, South Cascade Glacier, Washington, U.S.A.: Annals of Glaciology, v. 24, p. 303-308, https://doi.org/10.3189/S0260305500012350.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"303","endPage":"308","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":480085,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3189/s0260305500012350","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":226591,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"North Cascade Mountains, South Cascade Glacier","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -121.04278506024454,\n              48.34552898711394\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.04036929136396,\n              48.347650640562364\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.03959279422392,\n              48.349657528750214\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.04174973072423,\n              48.35223769743416\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.04468316436498,\n              48.35177901032762\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.04847937260617,\n              48.35143499228772\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.04830681768601,\n              48.353843069792134\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.05115397386666,\n              48.35722565311198\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.05003236688626,\n              48.35917483641845\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.05210302592687,\n              48.362442417587886\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.05141280624687,\n              48.365939070518436\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.05486390464776,\n              48.36725741832126\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.05624434400804,\n              48.36977937989849\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.06150726906924,\n              48.37121225697274\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.06288770842953,\n              48.37184271011205\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.06892713063112,\n              48.3703525355663\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.068064356031,\n              48.36840377997524\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.06616625191057,\n              48.36639763014654\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.06858202079115,\n              48.35745497266612\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.06694274905061,\n              48.35355639986648\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.06340537318968,\n              48.35137765572216\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.06297398588961,\n              48.3487401039564\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.06012682970896,\n              48.346274442984594\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.05546784686766,\n              48.34512758328265\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.05365602020731,\n              48.344382110637525\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.04709893324554,\n              48.344955552101624\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.04278506024454,\n              48.34552898711394\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"24","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e704e4b0c8380cd477cb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fountain, A. G.","contributorId":29815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fountain","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jacobel, R.W.","contributorId":27619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacobel","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
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