To better characterize the water supply capacity of Clear Creek Reservoir, Chaffee County, Colorado, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Pueblo Board of Water Works and Colorado Mountain College, carried out a bathymetry survey of Clear Creek Reservoir. A bathymetry map of the reservoir is presented here with the elevation-surface area and the elevation-volume relations. The bathymetry survey was carried out June 6–9, 2016, using a man-operated boat-mounted, multibeam echo sounder integrated with a Global Positioning System and a terrestrial survey using real-time kinematic Global Navigation Satellite Systems. The two collected datasets were merged and imported into geographic information system software. The equipment and methods used in this study allowed water-resource managers to maintain typical reservoir operations, eliminating the need to empty the reservoir to carry out the survey.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3375","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Pueblo Board of Water Works and Colorado Mountain College","usgsCitation":"Kohn, M.S., Kinzel, P.J., and Mohrmann, J.S., 2017, Bathymetry of Clear Creek Reservoir, Chaffee County, Colorado, 2016: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3375, 1 sheet, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3375","productDescription":"Map: 36.01 x 28.00 inches; Data Release, Read Me","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336842,"rank":2,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3375/sim3375.pdf","text":"Map","size":"9.37 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3375"},{"id":336843,"rank":3,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3375/sim3375_readme.txt","size":"8.00 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Denver Federal Center
Box 25046, Mail Stop 415
Denver, CO 80225
Groundwater is a major source of drinking water in Lycoming County and adjacent counties in north-central and northeastern Pennsylvania, which are largely forested and rural and are currently undergoing development for hydrocarbon gases. Water-quality data are needed for assessing the natural characteristics of the groundwater resource and the potential effects from energy and mineral extraction, timber harvesting, agriculture, sewage and septic systems, and other human influences.
This report, prepared in cooperation with Lycoming County, presents analytical data for groundwater samples from 75 domestic wells sampled throughout Lycoming County in June, July, and August 2014. The samples were collected using existing pumps and plumbing prior to any treatment and analyzed for physical and chemical characteristics, including nutrients, major ions, metals and trace elements, volatile organic compounds, gross-alpha particle and gross beta-particle activity, uranium, and dissolved gases, including methane and radon-222.
Results indicate groundwater quality generally met most drinking-water standards, but that some samples exceeded primary or secondary maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) for arsenic, iron, manganese, total dissolved solids (TDS), chloride, pH, bacteria, or radon-222. Arsenic concentrations were higher than the MCL of 10 micrograms per liter (µg/L) in 9 of the 75 (12 percent) well-water samples, with concentrations as high as 23.6 μg/L; arsenic concentrations were higher than the health advisory level (HAL) of 2 μg/L in 23 samples (31 percent). Total iron concentrations exceeded the secondary maximum contaminant level (SMCL) of 300 μg/L in 20 of the 75 samples. Total manganese concentrations exceeded the SMCL of 50 μg/L in 20 samples and the HAL of 300 μg/L in 2 of those samples. Three samples had chloride concentrations that exceeded the SMCL of 250 milligrams per liter (mg/L); two of those samples exceeded the SMCL of 500 mg/L for TDS. The pH ranged from 5.3 to 9.15 and did not meet the SMCL range of 6.5 to 8.5 in 22 samples, with 17 samples having a pH less than 6.5 and 8 samples having pH greater than 8.5. Generally, the samples that had elevated TDS, chloride, or arsenic concentrations had high pH.
Total coliform bacteria were detected in 39 of 75 samples (52 percent), with Escherichia coli detected in 10 of those 39 samples. Radon-222 activities ranged from non-detect to 7,420 picocuries per liter (pCi/L), with a median of 863 pCi/L, and exceeded the proposed drinking-water standard of 300 pCi/L in 50 (67 percent) of the 75 samples; radon-222 activities were higher than the alternative proposed standard of 4,000 pCi/L in 3 samples.
Water from 15 of 75 (20 percent) wells had concentrations of methane greater than the reporting level of 0.01 mg/L; detectable methane concentrations ranged from 0.04 to 16.8 mg/L. Two samples had methane concentrations (13.1 and 16.8 mg/L) exceeding the action level of 7 mg/L. Low levels of ethane (up to 0.12 mg/L) were present in the five samples with the highest methane concentrations (near or above 1 mg/L) that were analyzed for hydrocarbon compounds and isotopic composition. The isotopic composition of methane in four of these groundwater samples, from the Catskill and Lock Haven Formations and the Hamilton Group, have sample carbon isotopic ratio delta values (carbon-13/carbon-12) ranging from –42.36 to –36.08 parts per thousand (‰) and hydrogen isotopic ratio delta values (deuterium/protium) ranging from –212.0 to –188.4 ‰, which are consistent with the isotopic compositions reported for mud-gas logging samples from these geologic units and a thermogenic source of the methane. However, the isotopic composition and ratios of methane to ethane in a fifth sample indicate the methane in that sample may be of microbial origin that subsequently underwent oxidation. The fifth sample had the highest concentration of methane, 16.8 mg/L, with an carbon isotopic ratio delta values of -50.59 ‰ and a hydrogen isotopic ratio delta values of -209.7 ‰.
The six well-water samples with the highest methane concentrations also had among the highest pH values (8.25 to 9.15) and elevated concentrations of sodium, lithium, boron, fluoride, arsenic, and bromide. Relatively elevated concentrations of some other constituents, such as barium, strontium, and chloride, commonly were present in, but not limited to, those well-water samples with elevated methane.
Three of the six groundwater samples with the highest methane concentrations had chloride/bromide ratios that indicate mixing with a small amount of brine (0.02 percent or less) similar in composition to those reported at undetermined depth below the freshwater aquifer and for gas and oil well brines in Pennsylvania. The sample with the highest methane concentration and most other samples with low methane concentrations (less than about 1 mg/L) have chloride/bromide ratios that indicate predominantly anthropogenic sources of chloride, such as road-deicing salt, septic systems, and (or) animal waste. Brines that are naturally present may originate from deeper parts of the aquifer system, while anthropogenic sources are more likely to affect shallow groundwater because they occur on or near the land-surface.
The spatial distribution of groundwater compositions generally indicate that (1) uplands along the western border of Lycoming County usually have dilute, slightly acidic oxygenated, calcium-bicarbonate type waters; (2) intermediate altitudes or areas of carbonate bedrock usually have water of near neutral pH, with highest amounts of hardness (calcium and magnesium); (3) stream valleys, low elevations where groundwater may be discharging, and deep wells in uplands usually have water with pH values greater than 8 and highest arsenic, sodium, lithium, bromide concentrations. Geochemical modeling indicated that for samples with elevated pH, sodium, lithium, bromide, and alkalinity, the water chemistry could have resulted by dissolution of calcite (calcium carbonate) combined with cation-exchange and mixing with a small amount of brine. Through cation-exchange reactions between water and bedrock, which are equivalent to processes in a water softener, calcium ions released by calcite dissolution are exchanged for sodium ions on clay minerals. Thus, the assessment of groundwater quality in Lycoming County indicates groundwater is generally of good quality, but various parts of Lycoming County can have groundwater with low to moderate concentrations of methane and other constituents that appear in naturally present brine and produced waters from gas and oil wells at high concentrations.\"
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20165143","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the County of Lycoming, Pennsylvania","usgsCitation":"Gross, E.L., and Cravotta, C.A., III, 2017, Groundwater quality for 75 domestic wells in Lycoming County, Pennsylvania, 2014: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2016–5143, 74 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20165143.","productDescription":"Report: xi, 74 p.; Appendixes 1-2","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-076071","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336804,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5143/sir20165143_appendix2.xlsx","text":"Appendix 2 - Table 2-1 - ","size":"27.3 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"SIR 2016-5143","linkHelpText":"Spearman rank correlation coefficient (r) matrix 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Endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) are now widely established to be present in the environment at concentrations capable of affecting wild organisms. Although many studies have been conducted in fish, less is known about effects in invertebrates such as decapod crustaceans. Decapods are exposed to low concentrations of EDCs that may cause infertility, decreased growth, and developmental abnormalities. The objective herein was to evaluate effects of fipronil and its photodegradation product fipronil desulfinyl. Fipronil desulfinyl was detected in the eggs of the decapod Callinectes sapidus sampled off the coast of South Carolina. As such, to examine specific effects on C. sapidus exposed in early life, we exposed laboratory-reared juveniles to fipronil and fipronil desulfinyl for 96 hours at three nominal concentrations (0.01, 0.1, 0.5 μg/L) and two different salinities (10, 30 ppt). The size of individual crabs (weight, carapace width) and the expression of several genes critical to growth and reproduction were evaluated. Exposure to fipronil and fipronil desulfinyl resulted in significant size increases in all treatments compared to controls. Levels of expression for vitellogenin (Vtg), an egg yolk precursor, and the ecdysone receptor (EcR), which binds to ecdysteroids that control molting, were inversely correlated with increasing fipronil and fipronil desulfinyl concentrations. Effects on overall growth and on the expression of EcR and Vtg differ depending on the exposure salinity. The solubility of fipronil is demonstrated to decrease considerably at higher salinities. This suggests that fipronil and its photodegradation products may be more bioavailable to benthic organisms as salinity increases, as more chemical would partition to tissues. Our findings suggest that endocrine disruption is occurring through alterations to gene expression in C. sapidus populations exposed to environmental levels of fipronil, and that effects may be dependent upon the salinity at which exposure occurs.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Testing and Materials","publisherLocation":"Philadelphia, PA","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.02.027","usgsCitation":"Goff, A.D., Saranjampour, P., Ryan, L.M., Hladik, M., Covi, J.A., Armbrust, K.L., and Brander, S.M., 2017, The effects of fipronil and the photodegradation product fipronil desulfinyl on growth and gene expression in juvenile blue crabs, Callinectes sapidus, at different salinities: Aquatic Toxicology, v. 186, p. 96-104, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.02.027.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"96","endPage":"104","ipdsId":"IP-082911","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470025,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.02.027","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":336891,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"186","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58be8336e4b014cc3a3a99d3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goff, Andrew D.","contributorId":187543,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goff","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Saranjampour, Parichehr","contributorId":187544,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Saranjampour","given":"Parichehr","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ryan, Lauren M.","contributorId":187547,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ryan","given":"Lauren","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hladik, Michelle 0000-0002-0891-2712 mhladik@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0891-2712","contributorId":784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hladik","given":"Michelle","email":"mhladik@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":680807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Covi, Joseph A.","contributorId":187548,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Covi","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Armbrust, Kevin L.","contributorId":187545,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Armbrust","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Brander, Susanne M.","contributorId":187546,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brander","given":"Susanne","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70184205,"text":"fs20173014 - 2017 - The California stream quality assessment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-07T08:07:21","indexId":"fs20173014","displayToPublicDate":"2017-03-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2017-3014","title":"The California stream quality assessment","docAbstract":"In 2017, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) project is assessing stream quality in coastal California, United States. The USGS California Stream Quality Assessment (CSQA) will sample streams over most of the Central California Foothills and Coastal Mountains ecoregion (modified from Griffith and others, 2016), where rapid urban growth and intensive agriculture in the larger river valleys are raising concerns that stream health is being degraded. Findings will provide the public and policy-makers with information regarding which human and natural factors are the most critical in affecting stream quality and, thus, provide insights about possible approaches to protect the health of streams in the region.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20173014","issn":"2327-6916 (print)","usgsCitation":"Van Metre, P.C., Egler, A.L., and May, Jason, 2017, The California Stream Quality Assessment: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2017–3014, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20173014.","productDescription":"2 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336797,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2017/3014/cover/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":336798,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2017/3014/fs20173014.pdf","text":"Report","size":"733 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Fact Sheet 2017-3014"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.45312499999999,\n 42.00032514831621\n ],\n [\n -124.365234375,\n 41.86956082699455\n ],\n [\n -124.23339843749999,\n 41.623655390686395\n ],\n [\n -124.18945312500001,\n 41.27780646738183\n ],\n [\n -124.27734374999999,\n 40.896905775860006\n ],\n [\n -124.365234375,\n 40.697299008636755\n ],\n [\n -124.56298828125001,\n 40.329795743702064\n ],\n [\n -123.90380859374999,\n 39.740986355883564\n ],\n [\n -123.92578125,\n 39.30029918615029\n ],\n [\n -123.662109375,\n 38.788345355085625\n ],\n [\n -123.1787109375,\n 38.151837403006766\n ],\n [\n -123.02490234375,\n 37.85750715625203\n ],\n [\n -122.67333984374999,\n 37.666429212090605\n ],\n [\n -122.4755859375,\n 37.28279464911045\n ],\n [\n -122.32177734375,\n 37.020098201368114\n ],\n [\n -121.904296875,\n 36.82687474287728\n ],\n [\n -122.2119140625,\n 36.59788913307022\n ],\n [\n -121.86035156249999,\n 36.03133177633187\n ],\n [\n -121.33300781249999,\n 35.53222622770337\n ],\n [\n -121.00341796874999,\n 35.29943548054545\n ],\n [\n -120.80566406250001,\n 35.08395557927643\n ],\n [\n -120.7177734375,\n 34.52466147177172\n ],\n [\n -119.44335937499999,\n 34.161818161230386\n ],\n [\n -118.828125,\n 33.90689555128866\n ],\n [\n -118.47656249999999,\n 33.706062655101206\n ],\n [\n -118.0810546875,\n 33.65120829920497\n ],\n [\n -117.42187500000001,\n 33.15594830078649\n ],\n [\n -117.20214843749999,\n 32.45415593941475\n ],\n [\n -116.96044921875,\n 32.39851580247402\n ],\n [\n -116.08154296875001,\n 32.43561304116276\n ],\n [\n -115.4443359375,\n 32.54681317351514\n ],\n [\n -114.7412109375,\n 32.47269502206151\n ],\n [\n -114.54345703125,\n 33.04550781490999\n ],\n [\n -114.6533203125,\n 33.33970700424026\n ],\n [\n -114.49951171875,\n 33.54139466898275\n ],\n [\n -114.47753906249999,\n 33.797408767572485\n ],\n [\n -114.14794921875,\n 34.07086232376631\n ],\n [\n -113.92822265625,\n 34.34343606848294\n ],\n [\n -114.345703125,\n 34.470335121217474\n ],\n [\n -114.43359375,\n 34.77771580360469\n ],\n [\n -120.0146484375,\n 38.89103282648846\n ],\n [\n -120.1904296875,\n 42.09822241118974\n ],\n [\n -124.45312499999999,\n 42.00032514831621\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program
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413 National Center
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
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http://water.usgs.gov/nawqa/
Ontogenetic niche shifts (ONS) are important drivers of population and community dynamics, but they can be difficult to identify for species with prolonged larval or juvenile stages, or for species that inhabit continuous habitats. Most studies of ONS focus on single transitions among discrete habitat patches at local scales. However, for species with long larval or juvenile periods, affinity for particular locations within connected habitat networks may differ among cohorts. The resulting spatial patterns of distribution can result from a combination of landscape-scale habitat structure, position of a habitat patch within a network, and local habitat characteristics—all of which may interact and change as individuals grow. We estimated such spatial ONS for spring salamanders (Gyrinophilus porphyriticus), which have a larval period that can last 4 years or more. Using mixture models to identify larval cohorts from size frequency data, we fit occupancy models for each age class using two measures of the branching structure of stream networks and three measures of stream network position. Larval salamander cohorts showed different preferences for the position of a site within the stream network, and the strength of these responses depended on the basin-wide spatial structure of the stream network. The isolation of a site had a stronger effect on occupancy in watersheds with more isolated headwater streams, while the catchment area, which is associated with gradients in stream habitat, had a stronger effect on occupancy in watersheds with more paired headwater streams. Our results show that considering the spatial structure of habitat networks can provide new insights on ONS in long-lived species.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1662","usgsCitation":"Fields, W.R., Grant, E., and Lowe, W.H., 2017, Detecting spatial ontogenetic niche shifts in complex dendritic ecological networks: Ecosphere, v. 8, no. 2, e01662: 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1662.","productDescription":"e01662: 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-069867","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470024,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1662","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":336846,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Shenandoah National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n 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Campbell, Lowe Winsor H.","journalName":"Ecosphere","publicationDate":"2/2017","publiclyAccessibleDate":"2/21/2017"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fields, William R.","contributorId":152076,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fields","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grant, Evan H. Campbell 0000-0003-4401-6496 ehgrant@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4401-6496","contributorId":167017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grant","given":"Evan H. Campbell","email":"ehgrant@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":680744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lowe, Winsor H.","contributorId":126722,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lowe","given":"Winsor","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":6577,"text":"University of Montana, Division of Biological Sciences, Missoula, MT, 59812, USA.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":680745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70184211,"text":"70184211 - 2017 - Pre-mining trace element and radiation exposure to biota from a breccia pipe uranium mine in the Grand Canyon (Arizona, USA) watershed","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-04T10:15:55","indexId":"70184211","displayToPublicDate":"2017-03-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1552,"text":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","onlineIssn":"1573-2959","printIssn":"0167-6369","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pre-mining trace element and radiation exposure to biota from a breccia pipe uranium mine in the Grand Canyon (Arizona, USA) watershed","docAbstract":"The risks to wildlife and humans from uranium (U) mining in the Grand Canyon watershed are largely unknown. In addition to U, other co-occurring ore constituents contribute to risks to biological receptors depending on their toxicological profiles. This study characterizes the pre-mining concentrations of total arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), nickel (Ni), selenium (Se), thallium (Tl), U, and zinc (Zn); radiation levels; and histopathology in biota (vegetation, invertebrates, amphibians, birds, and mammals) at the Canyon Mine. Gross alpha levels were below the reporting limit (4 pCi/g) in all samples, and gross beta levels were indicative of background in vegetation (<10–17 pCi/g) and rodents (<10–43.5 pCi/g). Concentrations of U, Tl, Pb, Ni, Cu, and As in vegetation downwind from the mine were likely the result of aeolian transport. Chemical concentrations in rodents and terrestrial invertebrates indicate that surface disturbance during mine construction has not resulted in statistically significant spatial differences in fauna concentrations adjacent to the mine. Chemical concentrations in egg contents and nestlings of non-aquatic birds were less than method quantification limits or did not exceed toxicity thresholds. Bioaccumulation of As, Pb, Se, Tl, and U was evident in Western spadefoot (Spea multiplicata) tadpoles from the mine containment pond; concentrations of As (28.9–31.4 μg/g) and Se (5.81–7.20 μg/g) exceeded toxicity values and were significantly greater than in tadpoles from a nearby water source. Continued evaluation of As and Se in biota inhabiting and forging in the mine containment pond is warranted as mining progresses.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10661-017-5765-1","usgsCitation":"Hinck, J.E., Cleveland, D.M., Brumbaugh, W.G., Linder, G., and Lankton, J.S., 2017, Pre-mining trace element and radiation exposure to biota from a breccia pipe uranium mine in the Grand Canyon (Arizona, USA) watershed: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 189, no. 56, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-017-5765-1.","productDescription":"23 p.","ipdsId":"IP-075531","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336813,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":337739,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7QF8R16","text":"Chemistry, radiation and histopathology data in support of manuscript \"Pre-mining trace element and radiation exposure to biota from a breccia pipe uranium mine in the Grand Canyon (Arizona, USA) watershed\""}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","county":"Coconino County","otherGeospatial":"Canyon Mine","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.101944,\n 35.886111\n ],\n [\n -112.091111,\n 35.886111\n ],\n [\n -112.091111,\n 35.877778\n ],\n [\n -112.101944,\n 35.877778\n ],\n [\n -112.101944,\n 35.886111\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"189","issue":"56","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ba8ebbe4b0bcef64f0b931","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hinck, Jo Ellen 0000-0002-4912-5766 jhinck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4912-5766","contributorId":2743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hinck","given":"Jo","email":"jhinck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Ellen","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cleveland, Danielle M. 0000-0003-3880-4584 dcleveland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3880-4584","contributorId":187471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cleveland","given":"Danielle","email":"dcleveland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brumbaugh, William G. 0000-0003-0081-375X bbrumbaugh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0081-375X","contributorId":493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brumbaugh","given":"William","email":"bbrumbaugh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Linder, Greg linder2@usgs.gov","contributorId":187472,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Linder","given":"Greg","email":"linder2@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lankton, Julia S. 0000-0002-6843-4388 jlankton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6843-4388","contributorId":5888,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lankton","given":"Julia","email":"jlankton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70185256,"text":"70185256 - 2017 - Volcanic ash supports a diverse bacterial community in a marine mesocosm","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-19T16:05:55","indexId":"70185256","displayToPublicDate":"2017-03-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1751,"text":"Geobiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Volcanic ash supports a diverse bacterial community in a marine mesocosm","docAbstract":"Shallow-water coral reef ecosystems, particularly those already impaired by anthropogenic pressures, may be highly sensitive to disturbances from natural catastrophic events, such as volcanic eruptions. Explosive volcanic eruptions expel large quantities of silicate ash particles into the atmosphere, which can disperse across millions of square kilometres and deposit into coral reef ecosystems. Following heavy ash deposition, mass mortality of reef biota is expected, but little is known about the recovery of post-burial reef ecosystems. Reef regeneration depends partly upon the capacity of the ash deposit to be colonised by waterborne bacterial communities and may be influenced to an unknown extent by the physiochemical properties of the ash substrate itself. To determine the potential for volcanic ash to support pioneer bacterial colonisation, we exposed five well-characterised volcanic and coral reef substrates to a marine aquarium under low light conditions for 3 months: volcanic ash, synthetic volcanic glass, carbonate reef sand, calcite sand and quartz sand. Multivariate statistical analysis of Automated Ribosomal Intergenic Spacer Analysis (ARISA) fingerprinting data demonstrates clear segregation of volcanic substrates from the quartz and coral reef substrates over 3 months of bacterial colonisation. Overall bacterial diversity showed shared and substrate-specific bacterial communities; however, the volcanic ash substrate supported the most diverse bacterial community. These data suggest a significant influence of substrate properties (composition, granulometry and colour) on bacterial settlement. Our findings provide first insights into physicochemical controls on pioneer bacterial colonisation of volcanic ash and highlight the potential for volcanic ash deposits to support bacterial diversity in the aftermath of reef burial, on timescales that could permit cascading effects on larval settlement.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/gbi.12231","usgsCitation":"Witt, V., Ayris, P.M., Damby, D., Cimarelli, C., Kueppers, U., Dingwell, D.B., and Worheide, G., 2017, Volcanic ash supports a diverse bacterial community in a marine mesocosm: Geobiology, v. 15, no. 3, p. 453-463, https://doi.org/10.1111/gbi.12231.","productDescription":"11 p. ","startPage":"453","endPage":"463","ipdsId":"IP-081915","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470027,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gbi.12231","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":337792,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-03-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ccf59ce4b0849ce97f0cdc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Witt, Verena","contributorId":189453,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Witt","given":"Verena","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ayris, Paul M","contributorId":189454,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ayris","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Damby, David 0000-0002-3238-3961 ddamby@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3238-3961","contributorId":177453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Damby","given":"David","email":"ddamby@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":684893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cimarelli, Corrado","contributorId":189455,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cimarelli","given":"Corrado","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kueppers, Ulrich","contributorId":189456,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kueppers","given":"Ulrich","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dingwell, Donald B","contributorId":189458,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dingwell","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"B","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Worheide, Gert","contributorId":189459,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Worheide","given":"Gert","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70188020,"text":"70188020 - 2017 - Transcriptomic imprints of adaptation to fresh water: parallel evolution of osmoregulatory gene expression in the Alewife","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-30T09:49:58","indexId":"70188020","displayToPublicDate":"2017-03-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2774,"text":"Molecular Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Transcriptomic imprints of adaptation to fresh water: parallel evolution of osmoregulatory gene expression in the Alewife","docAbstract":"Comparative approaches in physiological genomics offer an opportunity to understand the functional importance of genes involved in niche exploitation. We used populations of Alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) to explore the transcriptional mechanisms that underlie adaptation to fresh water. Ancestrally anadromous Alewives have recently formed multiple, independently derived, landlocked populations, which exhibit reduced tolerance of saltwater and enhanced tolerance of fresh water. Using RNA-seq, we compared transcriptional responses of an anadromous Alewife population to two landlocked populations after acclimation to fresh (0 ppt) and saltwater (35 ppt). Our results suggest that the gill transcriptome has evolved in primarily discordant ways between independent landlocked populations and their anadromous ancestor. By contrast, evolved shifts in the transcription of a small suite of well-characterized osmoregulatory genes exhibited a strong degree of parallelism. In particular, transcription of genes that regulate gill ion exchange has diverged in accordance with functional predictions: freshwater ion-uptake genes (most notably, the ‘freshwater paralog’ of Na+/K+-ATPase α-subunit) were more highly expressed in landlocked forms, whereas genes that regulate saltwater ion secretion (e.g. the ‘saltwater paralog’ of NKAα) exhibited a blunted response to saltwater. Parallel divergence of ion transport gene expression is associated with shifts in salinity tolerance limits among landlocked forms, suggesting that changes to the gill's transcriptional response to salinity facilitate freshwater adaptation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Blackwell Science","doi":"10.1111/mec.13983","usgsCitation":"Velotta, J.P., Wegrzyn, J.L., Ginzburg, S., Kang, L., Czesny, S.J., O’Neill, R.J., McCormick, S.D., Michalak, P., and Schultz, E., 2017, Transcriptomic imprints of adaptation to fresh water: parallel evolution of osmoregulatory gene expression in the Alewife: Molecular Ecology, v. 26, no. 3, p. 831-848, https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.13983.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"831","endPage":"848","ipdsId":"IP-076741","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341813,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"592d8edee4b08f9d15be7b80","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Velotta, Jonathan P.","contributorId":86281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Velotta","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wegrzyn, Jill L.","contributorId":192322,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wegrzyn","given":"Jill","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ginzburg, Samuel","contributorId":192323,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ginzburg","given":"Samuel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kang, Lin","contributorId":192324,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kang","given":"Lin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Czesny, Sergiusz J.","contributorId":138598,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Czesny","given":"Sergiusz","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":12458,"text":"Illinois Natural History Survey, Lake Michigan Biological Station","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":696229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"O’Neill, Rachel J.","contributorId":78668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Neill","given":"Rachel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McCormick, Stephen D. 0000-0003-0621-6200 smccormick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0621-6200","contributorId":139214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCormick","given":"Stephen","email":"smccormick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":696206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Michalak, Pawel","contributorId":139209,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Michalak","given":"Pawel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12694,"text":"Virginia Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":696231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Schultz, Eric T.","contributorId":77071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schultz","given":"Eric T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70180983,"text":"fs20173010 - 2017 - Water resources of the Southern Hills regional aquifer system, southeastern Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-06T11:34:31","indexId":"fs20173010","displayToPublicDate":"2017-03-01T16:45:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2017-3010","title":"Water resources of the Southern Hills regional aquifer system, southeastern Louisiana","docAbstract":"Information concerning the availability, use, and quality of groundwater in the 10 parishes overlying the Southern Hills regional aquifer system of Louisiana (fig. 1) is critical for water-supply management. The purpose of this fact sheet is to present information that can be used by water managers, residents, and others for stewardship of this vital resource. Information on the availability, past and current use, use trends, and water quality from groundwater sources in these parishes is presented. Previously published reports (see References Cited section) and data stored in the U.S. Geological Survey’s National Water Information System (U.S. Geological Survey, 2017) are the primary sources of the information presented here.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20173010","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development","usgsCitation":"White, V.E., 2017, Water resources of the Southern Hills regional aquifer system, southeastern Louisiana: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2017–3010,Director, Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3535 S. Sherwood Forest Blvd.
Suite 120
Baton Rouge, LA 70816
https://la.water.usgs.gov
An animal’s energetic costs are dependent on the amount of time it allocates to various behavioral activities. For Arctic pinnipeds, the time allocated to active and resting behaviors could change with future reductions in sea ice cover and longer periods of open water. The Pacific walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens) is a large Arctic pinniped that rests on sea ice or land between foraging trips to feed on the seafloor. We used behavioral data collected from radiotagged walruses in the Chukchi Sea (2008–2014) in a Bayesian generalized linear mixed effects model to estimate the probability a walrus was in water foraging, in water not foraging, or hauled out, as a function of environmental covariates. The probability of a walrus being in water increased with wind speed and decreased with air temperature, and the probability a walrus was foraging, given it was in water, increased with available benthic macrofaunal biomass. The probability of each behavior was also related to the nature and availability of haul-out substrates. The amount of time walruses spent in water foraging and hauled out was greatest when only sea ice was available, which typically occurs when walruses occupy feeding areas during summer and early autumn. This situation may be most energy efficient for walruses because it allows the highest proportion of in water energy expenditure to be allocated to foraging. Conversely, the amount of time walruses spent in water foraging and hauled out was lowest when only land was available, which typically occurs in late autumn, in years when walruses were constrained to land haul-outs because sea ice was absent over the continental shelf.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford","doi":"10.1093/jmammal/gyw195","usgsCitation":"Jay, C.V., Taylor, R.L., Fischbach, A., Udevitz, M.S., and Beatty, W.S., 2017, Walrus haul-out and in water activity levels relative to sea ice availability in the Chukchi Sea: Journal of Mammalogy, v. 98, no. 2, p. 386-396, https://doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyw195.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"386","endPage":"396","ipdsId":"IP-076658","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470029,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyw195","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438428,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7XD0ZTG","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Walrus Haulout and In-water Activity Levels Relative to Sea Ice Availability in the Chukchi Sea: 2008-2014"},{"id":356409,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Chukchi Sea","volume":"98","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-02-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98a47ee4b0702d0e843086","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jay, Chadwick V. 0000-0002-9559-2189 cjay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9559-2189","contributorId":192736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jay","given":"Chadwick","email":"cjay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Taylor, Rebecca L. 0000-0001-8459-7614 rebeccataylor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8459-7614","contributorId":5112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Rebecca","email":"rebeccataylor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fischbach, Anthony S. 0000-0002-6555-865X afischbach@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6555-865X","contributorId":200780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fischbach","given":"Anthony S.","email":"afischbach@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Udevitz, Mark S. 0000-0003-4659-138X mudevitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4659-138X","contributorId":3189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Udevitz","given":"Mark","email":"mudevitz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Beatty, William S. 0000-0003-0013-3113 wbeatty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0013-3113","contributorId":173946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beatty","given":"William","email":"wbeatty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70197936,"text":"70197936 - 2017 - Climate change influences on pollinator, forest, and farm interactions across a climate gradient","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-07T12:10:57","indexId":"70197936","displayToPublicDate":"2017-03-01T12:10:50","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1252,"text":"Climatic Change","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate change influences on pollinator, forest, and farm interactions across a climate gradient","docAbstract":"Climate impact models are often implemented at horizontal resolutions (“scales”) too coarse to be readily applied in local impact assessments. However, recent advancements in fine-scale modeling are allowing the creation of impact models that can be applied to landscape-scale adaptation planning. Here, we illustrate the use of fine-scale impact models for landscape-scale adaptation planning of pollination services for six sites in Central America. The strategies include the identification of (1) potential reservoir areas that may retain bee diversity and serve as a source of recolonization after climate shocks such as droughts; and (2) potential restoration areas, where improving forest cover is likely to lead to increases in pollinator services both in the present and in the future. Coarse-scale (>1-km horizontal resolution) climatic controls on pollinator diversity and forest cover determine the general location of these areas in our six landscapes. Fine-scale (<100-m horizontal resolution) variation in climatic water deficit provides an index of forest health which can help identify intervention strategies within these zones. All sites have significant areas in which protecting or restoring forest cover is likely to enhance pollination services. The gradient in rainfall change across the study sites dictates choice of adaptation strategies.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10584-016-1868-x","usgsCitation":"Hannah, L., Steele, M., Fung, E., Imbach, P., Flint, L.E., and Flint, A.L., 2017, Climate change influences on pollinator, forest, and farm interactions across a climate gradient: Climatic Change, v. 141, no. 1, p. 63-75, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-016-1868-x.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"63","endPage":"75","ipdsId":"IP-070739","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470030,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-016-1868-x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":356279,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"141","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-12-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b6fc720e4b0f5d57878ebc5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hannah, Lee","contributorId":149715,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hannah","given":"Lee","affiliations":[{"id":16938,"text":"Conservation International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":739236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Steele, Marc","contributorId":206041,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Steele","given":"Marc","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37180,"text":"UC Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":739237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fung, Emily","contributorId":206042,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fung","given":"Emily","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37227,"text":"Tropical Agricultural Research and Higher Education Center, Costa Rica","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":739238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Imbach, Pablo","contributorId":206043,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Imbach","given":"Pablo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37228,"text":"Environmental Modeling Laboratory CATIE Costa Rica","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":739239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Flint, Lorraine E. 0000-0002-7868-441X lflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7868-441X","contributorId":1184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Lorraine","email":"lflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":739235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Flint, Alan L. 0000-0002-5118-751X aflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5118-751X","contributorId":1492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Alan","email":"aflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":739240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70195175,"text":"70195175 - 2017 - In-well time-of-travel approach to evaluate optimal purge duration during low-flow sampling of monitoring wells","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-07T13:18:25","indexId":"70195175","displayToPublicDate":"2017-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1534,"text":"Environmental Earth Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"In-well time-of-travel approach to evaluate optimal purge duration during low-flow sampling of monitoring wells","docAbstract":"A common assumption with groundwater sampling is that low (<0.5 L/min) pumping rates during well purging and sampling captures primarily lateral flow from the formation through the well-screened interval at a depth coincident with the pump intake. However, if the intake is adjacent to a low hydraulic conductivity part of the screened formation, this scenario will induce vertical groundwater flow to the pump intake from parts of the screened interval with high hydraulic conductivity. Because less formation water will initially be captured during pumping, a substantial volume of water already in the well (preexisting screen water or screen storage) will be captured during this initial time until inflow from the high hydraulic conductivity part of the screened formation can travel vertically in the well to the pump intake. Therefore, the length of the time needed for adequate purging prior to sample collection (called optimal purge duration) is controlled by the in-well, vertical travel times. A preliminary, simple analytical model was used to provide information on the relation between purge duration and capture of formation water for different gross levels of heterogeneity (contrast between low and high hydraulic conductivity layers). The model was then used to compare these time–volume relations to purge data (pumping rates and drawdown) collected at several representative monitoring wells from multiple sites. Results showed that computation of time-dependent capture of formation water (as opposed to capture of preexisting screen water), which were based on vertical travel times in the well, compares favorably with the time required to achieve field parameter stabilization. If field parameter stabilization is an indicator of arrival time of formation water, which has been postulated, then in-well, vertical flow may be an important factor at wells where low-flow sampling is the sample method of choice.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s12665-017-6561-5","usgsCitation":"Harte, P.T., 2017, In-well time-of-travel approach to evaluate optimal purge duration during low-flow sampling of monitoring wells: Environmental Earth Sciences, v. 76, p. 1-13, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-017-6561-5.","productDescription":"Article 251; 13 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"13","ipdsId":"IP-071519","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":351267,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"76","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-03-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a7c1e7ce4b00f54eb229355","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harte, Philip T. 0000-0002-7718-1204 ptharte@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7718-1204","contributorId":1008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harte","given":"Philip","email":"ptharte@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":727304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70195841,"text":"70195841 - 2017 - Antarctic ice-core water (USGS49) – A new isotopic reference material for δ2H and δ18O measurements of water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-06T11:04:55","indexId":"70195841","displayToPublicDate":"2017-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1822,"text":"Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Antarctic ice-core water (USGS49) – A new isotopic reference material for δ2H and δ18O measurements of water","title":"Antarctic ice-core water (USGS49) – A new isotopic reference material for δ2H and δ18O measurements of water","docAbstract":"As a result of the scarcity of isotopic reference waters for daily use, a new secondary isotopic reference material for international distribution has been prepared from ice-core water from the Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station. This isotopic reference material, designated as USGS49, was filtered, homogenised, loaded into glass ampoules, sealed with a torch, autoclaved to eliminate biological activity and measured by dual-inlet isotope-ratio mass spectrometry. The δ2H and δ18O values of USGS49 are −394.7 ± 0.4 and −50.55 ± 0.04 mUr (where mUr = 0.001 = ‰), respectively, relative to VSMOW, on scales normalised such that the δ2H and δ18O values of SLAP reference water are, respectively, −428 and −55.5 mUr. Each uncertainty is an estimated expanded uncertainty (U = 2uc) about the reference value that provides an interval that has about a 95% probability of encompassing the true value. This isotopic reference material is intended as one of two isotopic reference waters for daily normalisation of stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopic analysis of water with an isotope-ratio mass spectrometer or a laser absorption spectrometer. It is available by the case of 144 glass ampoules or as a set of sixteen glass ampoules containing 5 ml of water in each ampoule.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/ggr.12135","usgsCitation":"Lorenz, J.M., Qi, H., and Coplen, T.B., 2017, Antarctic ice-core water (USGS49) – A new isotopic reference material for δ2H and δ18O measurements of water: Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research, v. 41, no. 1, p. 63-68, https://doi.org/10.1111/ggr.12135.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"63","endPage":"68","ipdsId":"IP-077712","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352252,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"41","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-09-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee8b9e4b0da30c1bfc494","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lorenz, Jennifer M. 0000-0002-5826-7264 jlorenz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5826-7264","contributorId":3558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lorenz","given":"Jennifer","email":"jlorenz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":730257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Qi, Haiping 0000-0002-8339-744X haipingq@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8339-744X","contributorId":507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Qi","given":"Haiping","email":"haipingq@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":730258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Coplen, Tyler B. 0000-0003-4884-6008 tbcoplen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4884-6008","contributorId":508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coplen","given":"Tyler","email":"tbcoplen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":730259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70193819,"text":"70193819 - 2017 - Hydrological and geophysical investigation of streamflow losses and restoration strategies in an abandoned mine lands setting","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-10T06:52:56","indexId":"70193819","displayToPublicDate":"2017-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1574,"text":"Environmental & Engineering Geoscience","printIssn":"1078-7275","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrological and geophysical investigation of streamflow losses and restoration strategies in an abandoned mine lands setting","docAbstract":"Longitudinal discharge and water-quality campaigns (seepage runs) were combined with surface-geophysical surveys, hyporheic-temperature profiling, and watershed-scale hydrological monitoring to evaluate the locations, magnitude, and impact of streamwater losses from the West Creek subbasin of the West West Branch Schuylkill River into the underground Oak Hill Mine complex that extends beneath the watershed divide. Abandoned mine drainage (AMD), containing iron and other contaminants, from the Oak Hill Boreholes to the West Branch Schuylkill River was sustained during low-flow conditions and correlated to streamflow lost through the West Creek streambed. During high-flow conditions, streamflow was transmitted throughout West Creek; however, during low-flow conditions, all streamflow from the perennial headwaters was lost within the 300-to-600-m \"upper reach\" where an 1889 mine map indicated steeply dipping coalbeds underlie the channel. During low-flow conditions, the channel within the \"intermediate reach\" 700-to-1650-m downstream gained groundwater seepage with higher pH and specific conductance than upstream; however, all streamflow 1650-to-2050-m downstream was lost to underlying mines. Electrical resistivity and electromagnetic conductivity surveys indicated conductive zones beneath the upper reach, where flow loss occurred, and through the intermediate reach, where gains and losses occurred. Temperature probes at 0.06-to-0.10-m depth within the hyporheic zone of the intermediate reach indicated potential downward fluxes as high as 2.1x10-5 m/s. Cumulative streamflow lost from West Creek during seepage runs averaged 53.4 L/s, which equates to 19.3 percent of the daily average discharge of AMD from the Oak Hill Boreholes and a downward flux of 1.70x10-5 m/s across the 2.1-km-by-1.5-m West Creek stream-channel area.","language":"English","publisher":"Association of Environmental & Engineering Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gseegeosci.23.4.243","usgsCitation":"Cravotta, C., Sherrod, L., Galeone, D.G., Lehman, W.G., Ackman, T.E., and Kramer, A., 2017, Hydrological and geophysical investigation of streamflow losses and restoration strategies in an abandoned mine lands setting: Environmental & Engineering Geoscience, v. 23, no. 4, p. 243-273, https://doi.org/10.2113/gseegeosci.23.4.243.","productDescription":"31 p.","startPage":"243","endPage":"273","ipdsId":"IP-082023","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science 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Box 730, Kutztown, PA 19530","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":720603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Galeone, Daniel G. 0000-0002-8007-9278 dgaleone@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8007-9278","contributorId":2301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galeone","given":"Daniel","email":"dgaleone@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":720606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lehman, Wayne G.","contributorId":200006,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lehman","given":"Wayne","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":35677,"text":"Schuylkill Conservation District, 1206 AG Center Dr, Pottsville, PA 17901","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":720604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ackman, Terry E.","contributorId":200007,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ackman","given":"Terry","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":35678,"text":"M T Water Management, Inc., 438 Old Clairton Rd., Jefferson Hills, PA 15025","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":720605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kramer, Alexa","contributorId":200008,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kramer","given":"Alexa","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":35679,"text":"Schuylkill Headwaters Association, Inc., 1206 AG Center Dr, Pottsville, PA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":720607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70193547,"text":"70193547 - 2017 - Reply to: Terry, J. and Goff, J. comment on “Late Cenozoic sea level and the rise of modern rimmed atolls” by Toomey et al. (2016), Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 4 51: 73–83.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-06T12:23:06","indexId":"70193547","displayToPublicDate":"2017-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2996,"text":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","printIssn":"0031-0182","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reply to: Terry, J. and Goff, J. comment on “Late Cenozoic sea level and the rise of modern rimmed atolls” by Toomey et al. (2016), Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 4 51: 73–83.","docAbstract":"We appreciate Terry and Goff's thoughtful comment in response to our proposed atoll development model. Flank collapse of reef-built slopes likely does affect plan-form atoll morphology in some locations and potentially poses a tsunami hazard to low-lying Pacific islands (Terry and Goff, 2013). However, given the often rapid rates of lagoon infill (> 1 mm/yr; Montaggioni, 2005), such failure events would likely need to be frequent and widespread in order to leave a morphologic imprint on modern western Pacific atoll lagoon depths. Few atoll flank collapse features have been dated but many of the arcuate bight-like structures (ABLS) identified could be inherited from scars incised into the initial volcanic edifice (e.g. Terry and Goff, 2013 and refs. therein) — submarine mass wasting has been extensively documented on young hotspot islands (e.g. Hawaiian Islands: Moore et al., 1989; Reunion: Oehler et al., 2008). Atolls in the Marshall Islands, where our main study site Enewetak Atoll is located, are likely ~ 50–100 million years old (Larson et al., 1995) and dating of adjacent deep-water turbidite aprons in the Nauru Basin (DSDP Site 462; Schlanger and Silva, 1986) suggests that large atoll flank collapse events have been relatively infrequent there since the mid-Miocene (< 11 Ma). In our simple, 1D atoll development model (Toomey et al., 2016a), we included the minimum set of processes (vertical accretion, dissolution, and lagoonal infilling) required to accurately simulate Enewetak's ‘recent’ depositional history (8.5–0 Ma) and explain basic differences in lagoon depth among western Pacific atolls.
We agree future development of a model incorporating the wider range of processes impacting connectivity between reef-bound lagoons and the ocean (e.g. Ouillon et al., 2004; Toomey et al., 2016b), including stochastic mass wasting events, will be essential for exploring the plan-form and 3D shapes of atolls. To our knowledge, no quantitative model of long-term atoll development has explicitly linked lagoon restriction/sedimentation to episodic flank collapse events (e.g. Montaggioni et al., 2015; Paterson et al., 2006; Quinn, 1991; Warrlich et al., 2002). Testing Terry and Goff's proposed conceptual model for how rim failure processes affect atoll morphology in a numerical context will require deep drilling along arcuate bight-like structures, as well as adjacent, unaffected, rim and lagoon areas, in order quantify how often failures occur and how quickly the rim/lagoon is rebuilt afterwards. The model we present here provides a general framework capable of integrating atoll flank collapse processes once they are sufficiently constrained by such observational datasets.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.11.028","usgsCitation":"Toomey, M., Ashton, A., Raymo, M.E., and Perron, J.T., 2017, Reply to: Terry, J. and Goff, J. comment on “Late Cenozoic sea level and the rise of modern rimmed atolls” by Toomey et al. (2016), Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 4 51: 73–83.: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 469, p. 159-160, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.11.028.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"159","endPage":"160","ipdsId":"IP-080565","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470037,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.11.028","text":"External Repository"},{"id":348264,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"469","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a07e929e4b09af898c8cc01","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Toomey, Michael 0000-0003-0167-9273 mtoomey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0167-9273","contributorId":184097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Toomey","given":"Michael","email":"mtoomey@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":719324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ashton, Andrew","contributorId":184098,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ashton","given":"Andrew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Raymo, Maureen E.","contributorId":184099,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Raymo","given":"Maureen","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Perron, J. Taylor","contributorId":184100,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Perron","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Taylor","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70195947,"text":"70195947 - 2017 - Trawl-based assessment of Lake Ontario pelagic prey fishes including Alewife and Rainbow Smelt","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-09T10:17:08","indexId":"70195947","displayToPublicDate":"2017-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"title":"Trawl-based assessment of Lake Ontario pelagic prey fishes including Alewife and Rainbow Smelt","docAbstract":"Managing Lake Ontario fisheries in an ecosystem-context, requires reliable data on the status and trends of prey fishes that support predator populations. We report on the community and population dynamics of Lake Ontario pelagic prey fishes, based on bottom trawl surveys. We emphasize information that supports the international Lake Ontario Committee’s Fish Community Objectives. In 2016, 142 bottom trawls were collected in U.S. waters, and for the first time 46 trawls were conducted in Canadian waters. A total of 420,386 fish from 24 species were captured. Alewife were 89% of the total fish catch and 93% of the pelagic prey fish catch. The Rainbow Smelt abundance index in U.S. waters increased slightly in 2016 relative to 2015. Interestingly, the Rainbow Smelt abundance index from tows in Canadian waters was 35% higher than the U.S. index. Abundances of Threespine Stickleback and Emerald Shiners in both U.S. and Canadian waters were low in 2016 relative to their peak abundances in the late 1990s, but Cisco abundance indices suggest a recent increase in their abundance. This year, the reported Alewife abundance time series was truncated to only include values since 1997, which were collected with the same trawl and eliminated the need to adjust values for different trawls. The 2016 adult Alewife abundance index was the second lowest abundance ever observed in the time series. This value was expected to decline from the 2015 value since the indices of juvenile Alewife were low in 2014 and the lowest ever observed in 2015. The fall condition index of adult Alewife increased in 2016 and is consistent with lower abundance and reduced competition for zooplankton resources. The 2016 Age-1 Alewife index increased relative to 2014 and 2015, and suggested lake conditions were favorable for Age-1 survival and growth during the summer of 2015 and the 2015-2016 winter. Interestingly, the catch of adult and Age1 Alewife was higher in trawls conducted in Canadian waters relative to U. S. waters. The larger trawl catches in Canadian waters suggest there may be important spatial differences in lake-wide distribution of prey fishes in April when trawling is conducted. Future surveys should to continue to sample at the whole-lake scale to understand the year to year variability in spatial distribution and the physical or biotic factors driving those distribution differences.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"NYSDEC Lake Ontario Annual Report 2016","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"New York State Department of Environmental Conservation","usgsCitation":"Weidel, B., Walsh, M., Connerton, M., and Holden, J.P., 2017, Trawl-based assessment of Lake Ontario pelagic prey fishes including Alewife and Rainbow Smelt, Section 12a; 13 p.","productDescription":"Section 12a; 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-086005","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352358,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":352347,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.dec.ny.gov/docs/fish_marine_pdf/lorpt16.pdf"}],"otherGeospatial":"Lake Ontario","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.0189208984375,\n 43.177141346631714\n ],\n [\n -76.0528564453125,\n 43.177141346631714\n ],\n [\n -76.0528564453125,\n 44.288469027276506\n ],\n [\n -80.0189208984375,\n 44.288469027276506\n ],\n [\n -80.0189208984375,\n 43.177141346631714\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee8b9e4b0da30c1bfc492","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weidel, Brian 0000-0001-6095-2773 bweidel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6095-2773","contributorId":2485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weidel","given":"Brian","email":"bweidel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":730645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walsh, Maureen 0000-0001-7846-5025 mwalsh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7846-5025","contributorId":3659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walsh","given":"Maureen","email":"mwalsh@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":730646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Connerton, Michael J.","contributorId":190416,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Connerton","given":"Michael J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":730647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Holden, Jeremy P.","contributorId":190415,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holden","given":"Jeremy","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":16762,"text":"Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":730648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70185708,"text":"70185708 - 2017 - Divergent surface and total soil moisture projections under global warming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-28T10:02:43","indexId":"70185708","displayToPublicDate":"2017-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Divergent surface and total soil moisture projections under global warming","docAbstract":"Land aridity has been projected to increase with global warming. Such projections are mostly based on off-line aridity and drought metrics applied to climate model outputs but also are supported by climate-model projections of decreased surface soil moisture. Here we comprehensively analyze soil moisture projections from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5, including surface, total, and layer-by-layer soil moisture. We identify a robust vertical gradient of projected mean soil moisture changes, with more negative changes near the surface. Some regions of the northern middle to high latitudes exhibit negative annual surface changes but positive total changes. We interpret this behavior in the context of seasonal changes in the surface water budget. This vertical pattern implies that the extensive drying predicted by off-line drought metrics, while consistent with the projected decline in surface soil moisture, will tend to overestimate (negatively) changes in total soil water availability.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2016GL071921","usgsCitation":"Berg, A., Sheffield, J., and Milly, P., 2017, Divergent surface and total soil moisture projections under global warming: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 44, no. 1, p. 236-244, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL071921.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"236","endPage":"244","ipdsId":"IP-082638","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470051,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2016gl071921","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":338440,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58db7631e4b0ee37af29e49e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berg, Alexis","contributorId":187496,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Berg","given":"Alexis","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sheffield, Justin","contributorId":189922,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sheffield","given":"Justin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Milly, Paul C.D. 0000-0003-4389-3139 cmilly@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4389-3139","contributorId":2119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milly","given":"Paul C.D.","email":"cmilly@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":686480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70186677,"text":"70186677 - 2017 - The relative contribution of waves, tides, and nontidal residuals to extreme total water levels on U.S. West Coast sandy beaches","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-07T10:12:20","indexId":"70186677","displayToPublicDate":"2017-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The relative contribution of waves, tides, and nontidal residuals to extreme total water levels on U.S. West Coast sandy beaches","docAbstract":"To better understand how individual processes combine to cause flooding and erosion events, we investigate the relative contribution of tides, waves, and nontidal residuals to extreme total water levels (TWLs) at the shoreline of U.S. West Coast sandy beaches. Extreme TWLs, defined as the observed annual maximum event and the simulated 100 year return level event, peak in Washington, and are on average larger in Washington and Oregon than in California. The relative contribution of wave-induced and still water levels (SWL) to the 100 year TWL event is similar to that of the annual maximum event; however, the contribution of storm surge to the SWL doubles across events. Understanding the regional variability of TWLs will lead to a better understanding of how sea level rise, changes in storminess, and possible changes in the frequency of major El Niños may impact future coastal flooding and erosion along the U.S. West Coast and elsewhere.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1002/2016GL071020","usgsCitation":"Serafin, K.A., Ruggiero, P., and Stockdon, H.F., 2017, The relative contribution of waves, tides, and nontidal residuals to extreme total water levels on U.S. West Coast sandy beaches: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 44, no. 4, p. 1839-1847, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL071020.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1839","endPage":"1847","ipdsId":"IP-079475","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470043,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2016gl071020","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":339393,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Oregon, Washington","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.3876953125,\n 49.009050809382046\n ],\n [\n -125.46386718749999,\n 48.63290858589535\n ],\n [\n -125.1123046875,\n 46.13417004624326\n ],\n [\n -125.5078125,\n 42.87596410238256\n ],\n [\n -125.068359375,\n 39.9434364619742\n ],\n [\n -123.1787109375,\n 36.59788913307022\n ],\n [\n -120.9375,\n 34.23451236236987\n ],\n [\n -118.125,\n 32.54681317351514\n ],\n [\n -115.7080078125,\n 32.58384932565662\n ],\n [\n -116.8505859375,\n 34.05265942137599\n ],\n [\n -120.89355468749999,\n 37.16031654673677\n ],\n [\n -122.29980468749999,\n 41.0130657870063\n ],\n [\n -122.3876953125,\n 49.009050809382046\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"44","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-02-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58e8a542e4b09da6799d63a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Serafin, Katherine A.","contributorId":84466,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Serafin","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ruggiero, Peter","contributorId":15709,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ruggiero","given":"Peter","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":690255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stockdon, Hilary F. 0000-0003-0791-4676 hstockdon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0791-4676","contributorId":2153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stockdon","given":"Hilary","email":"hstockdon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":690253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70190698,"text":"70190698 - 2017 - Delta-Flux: An eddy covariance network for a climate-smart Lower Mississippi Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-12T14:52:02","indexId":"70190698","displayToPublicDate":"2017-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5490,"text":"Agricultural & Environmental Letters","onlineIssn":"2471-9625","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Delta-Flux: An eddy covariance network for a climate-smart Lower Mississippi Basin","docAbstract":"Networks of remotely monitored research sites are increasingly the tool used to study regional agricultural impacts on carbon and water fluxes. However, key national networks such as the National Ecological Observatory Network and AmeriFlux lack contributions from the Lower Mississippi River Basin (LMRB), a highly productive agricultural area with opportunities for soil carbon sequestration through conservation practices. The authors describe the rationale to create the new Delta-Flux network, which will coordinate efforts to quantify carbon and water budgets at seventeen eddy covariance flux tower sites in the LMRB. The network structure will facilitate climate-smart management strategies based on production-scale and continuous measurements of carbon and water fluxes from the landscape to the atmosphere under different soil and water management conditions. The seventeen instrumented field sites are expected to monitor fluxes within the most characteristic landscapes of the target area: row-crop fields, pasture, grasslands, forests, and marshes. The network participants are committed to open collaboration and efficient regionalization of site-level findings to support sustainable agricultural and forestry management and conservation of natural resources.
","language":"English","publisher":"ACSESS","doi":"10.2134/ael2017.01.0003","usgsCitation":"Runkle, B.R., Rigby, J., Reba, M.L., Anapalli, S.S., Bhattacharjee, J., Krauss, K.W., Liang, L., Locke, M.A., Novick, K.A., Sui, R., Suvocarev, K., and White, P.M., 2017, Delta-Flux: An eddy covariance network for a climate-smart Lower Mississippi Basin: Agricultural & Environmental Letters, v. 2, no. 1, Article 170003; 5 p., https://doi.org/10.2134/ael2017.01.0003.","productDescription":"Article 170003; 5 p.","ipdsId":"IP-083373","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470035,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2134/ael2017.01.0003","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":345669,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.4169921875,\n 28.844673680771795\n ],\n [\n -88.9013671875,\n 28.844673680771795\n ],\n [\n -88.9013671875,\n 36.527294814546245\n ],\n [\n -92.4169921875,\n 36.527294814546245\n ],\n [\n -92.4169921875,\n 28.844673680771795\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"2","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59b8f21fe4b08b1644e0aee8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Runkle, Benjamin R. 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K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rigby, James R. 0000-0002-5611-6307","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5611-6307","contributorId":196374,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rigby","given":"James R.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":710197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reba, Michele L.","contributorId":196375,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reba","given":"Michele","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Anapalli, Saseendran S.","contributorId":196376,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anapalli","given":"Saseendran","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bhattacharjee, Joydeep","contributorId":196377,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bhattacharjee","given":"Joydeep","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Krauss, Ken W. 0000-0003-2195-0729 kraussk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2195-0729","contributorId":2017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krauss","given":"Ken","email":"kraussk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":710201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Liang, Lu","contributorId":72714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liang","given":"Lu","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Locke, Martin A.","contributorId":152468,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Locke","given":"Martin","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Novick, Kimberly A.","contributorId":196379,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Novick","given":"Kimberly","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Sui, Ruixiu","contributorId":196380,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sui","given":"Ruixiu","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Suvocarev, Kosana","contributorId":196381,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Suvocarev","given":"Kosana","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"White, Paul M. Jr.","contributorId":196382,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"White","given":"Paul","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70184186,"text":"70184186 - 2017 - Mercury exposure may influence fluctuating asymmetry in waterbirds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-22T17:04:33","indexId":"70184186","displayToPublicDate":"2017-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mercury exposure may influence fluctuating asymmetry in waterbirds","docAbstract":"Variation in avian bilateral symmetry can be an indicator of developmental instability in response to a variety of stressors, including environmental contaminants. The authors used composite measures of fluctuating asymmetry to examine the influence of mercury concentrations in 2 tissues on fluctuating asymmetry within 4 waterbird species. Fluctuating asymmetry increased with mercury concentrations in whole blood and breast feathers of Forster's terns (Sterna forsteri), a species with elevated mercury concentrations. Specifically, fluctuating asymmetry in rectrix feather 1 was the most strongly correlated structural variable of those tested (wing chord, tarsus, primary feather 10, rectrix feather 6) with mercury concentrations in Forster's terns. However, for American avocets (Recurvirostra americana), black-necked stilts (Himantopus mexicanus), and Caspian terns (Hydroprogne caspia), the authors found no relationship between fluctuating asymmetry and either whole-blood or breast feather mercury concentrations, even though these species had moderate to elevated mercury exposure. The results indicate that mercury contamination may act as an environmental stressor during development and feather growth and contribute to fluctuating asymmetry of some species of highly contaminated waterbirds.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/etc.3688","usgsCitation":"Herring, G., Eagles-Smith, C.A., and Ackerman, J., 2017, Mercury exposure may influence fluctuating asymmetry in waterbirds: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 36, no. 6, p. 1599-1605, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.3688.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1599","endPage":"1605","ipdsId":"IP-067136","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438432,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7KW5D5Z","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Fluctuating asymmetry in waterbirds in relation to mercury exposure"},{"id":336770,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-11-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58b7eb9ee4b01ccd5500bacd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Herring, Garth 0000-0003-1106-4731 gherring@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1106-4731","contributorId":4403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herring","given":"Garth","email":"gherring@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eagles-Smith, Collin A. 0000-0003-1329-5285 ceagles-smith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1329-5285","contributorId":505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eagles-Smith","given":"Collin","email":"ceagles-smith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ackerman, Joshua T. 0000-0002-3074-8322 jackerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3074-8322","contributorId":147078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerman","given":"Joshua T.","email":"jackerman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":680425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70190562,"text":"70190562 - 2017 - Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) mortality and recovery rates vary by wing molt status at time of banding","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-07T12:30:00","indexId":"70190562","displayToPublicDate":"2017-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3731,"text":"Waterbirds","onlineIssn":"19385390","printIssn":"15244695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) mortality and recovery rates vary by wing molt status at time of banding","title":"Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) mortality and recovery rates vary by wing molt status at time of banding","docAbstract":"Recovery (i.e., shot, retrieved, and reported) rates and daily mortality risk of 52,330 adult Mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) leg-banded during pre-molt, in-molt, or post-molt during 1985–2011 were evaluated to better understand mortality during wing molt in dynamics of the Mallard population in California, USA. Recovery rates and non-hunting mortality risk varied by molt status at time of banding and California region where banded. Mallards banded during post-molt were 1.22 (95% credible interval = 1.10–1.32) times more likely to be recovered than Mallards banded pre-molt; recovery probability was similar for pre-molt and in-molt Mallards. Mallards banded post-molt had 0.43 (0.17–0.98) and in-molt 0.87 (0.51–1.49) times the daily risk of non-hunting mortality as Mallards banded pre-molt. Mallards were 0.92 (0.86–0.98) times as likely to be recovered, and daily risk of non-hunting mortality was 2.93 (1.79–4.94) times greater, if banded in Northeastern California than in California's Central Valley. Results indicate that high mortality during the molt period, especially in Northeastern California where most Mallards that breed in California molt, might be negatively affecting recovery (and potentially annual survival) of Mallards in California. Thus, conservation programs that reduce mortality during molt could help attain the desired population size for Mallards nesting in California.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Waterbird Society","doi":"10.1675/063.040.0105","usgsCitation":"Fleskes, J., Halstead, B., Kohl, J.D., and Yarris, G., 2017, Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) mortality and recovery rates vary by wing molt status at time of banding: Waterbirds, v. 40, no. 1, p. 33-40, https://doi.org/10.1675/063.040.0105.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"33","endPage":"40","ipdsId":"IP-073692","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345547,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"40","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59b25b00e4b020cdf7db1fbf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fleskes, Joseph P. joe_fleskes@usgs.gov","contributorId":138999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleskes","given":"Joseph P.","email":"joe_fleskes@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":709815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Halstead, Brian J. 0000-0002-5535-6528 bhalstead@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5535-6528","contributorId":3051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halstead","given":"Brian J.","email":"bhalstead@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":709816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kohl, Jeffrey D.","contributorId":79773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kohl","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Yarris, Gregory S.","contributorId":115361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yarris","given":"Gregory S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70187194,"text":"70187194 - 2017 - Estimating regional-scale permeability–depth relations in a fractured-rock terrain using groundwater-flow model calibration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-29T11:08:46","indexId":"70187194","displayToPublicDate":"2017-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1923,"text":"Hydrogeology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating regional-scale permeability–depth relations in a fractured-rock terrain using groundwater-flow model calibration","docAbstract":"The trend of decreasing permeability with depth was estimated in the fractured-rock terrain of the upper Potomac River basin in the eastern USA using model calibration on 200 water-level observations in wells and 12 base-flow observations in subwatersheds. Results indicate that permeability at the 1–10 km scale (for groundwater flowpaths) decreases by several orders of magnitude within the top 100 m of land surface. This depth range represents the transition from the weathered, fractured regolith into unweathered bedrock. This rate of decline is substantially greater than has been observed by previous investigators that have plotted in situ wellbore measurements versus depth. The difference is that regional water levels give information on kilometer-scale connectivity of the regolith and adjacent fracture networks, whereas in situ measurements give information on near-hole fractures and fracture networks. The approach taken was to calibrate model layer-to-layer ratios of hydraulic conductivity (LLKs) for each major rock type. Most rock types gave optimal LLK values of 40–60, where each layer was twice a thick as the one overlying it. Previous estimates of permeability with depth from deeper data showed less of a decline at <300 m than the regional modeling results. There was less certainty in the modeling results deeper than 200 m and for certain rock types where fewer water-level observations were available. The results have implications for improved understanding of watershed-scale groundwater flow and transport, such as for the timing of the migration of pollutants from the water table to streams.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10040-016-1483-y","usgsCitation":"Sanford, W.E., 2017, Estimating regional-scale permeability–depth relations in a fractured-rock terrain using groundwater-flow model calibration: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 25, no. 2, p. 405-419, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-016-1483-y.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"405","endPage":"419","ipdsId":"IP-076752","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352927,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-11-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee8c4e4b0da30c1bfc4a6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sanford, Ward E. 0000-0002-6624-0280 wsanford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6624-0280","contributorId":2268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanford","given":"Ward","email":"wsanford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":692987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70191671,"text":"70191671 - 2017 - New insights into nitrate dynamics in a karst groundwater system gained from in situ high-frequency optical sensor measurements","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-24T14:04:19","indexId":"70191671","displayToPublicDate":"2017-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"New insights into nitrate dynamics in a karst groundwater system gained from in situ high-frequency optical sensor measurements","docAbstract":"Understanding nitrate dynamics in groundwater systems as a function of climatic conditions, especially during contrasting patterns of drought and wet cycles, is limited by a lack of temporal and spatial data. Nitrate sensors have the capability for making accurate, high-frequency measurements of nitrate in situ, but have not yet been evaluated for long-term use in groundwater wells. We measured in situ nitrate continuously in two groundwater monitoring wells —one rural and one urban—located in the recharge zone of a productive karst aquifer in central Texas in order to resolve changes that occur over both short-term (hourly to daily) and long-term (monthly to yearly) periods. Nitrate concentrations, measured as nitrate-nitrogen in milligrams per liter (mg/L), during drought conditions showed little or no temporal change as groundwater levels declined. During aquifer recharge, extremely rapid changes in concentration occurred at both wells as documented by hourly data. At both sites, nitrate concentrations were affected by recharging surface water as evidenced by nitrate concentrations in groundwater recharge (0.8–1.3 mg/L) that were similar to previously reported values for regional recharging streams. Groundwater nitrate concentrations responded differently at urban and rural sites during groundwater recharge. Concentrations at the rural well (approximately 1.0 mg/L) increased as a result of higher nitrate concentrations in groundwater recharge relative to ambient nitrate concentrations in groundwater, whereas concentrations at the urban well (approximately 2.7 mg/L) decreased as a result of the dilution of higher ambient nitrate concentrations relative to those in groundwater recharge. Notably, nitrate concentrations decreased to as low as 0.8 mg/L at the urban site during recharge but postrecharge concentrations exceeded 3.0 mg/L. A return to higher nitrate concentrations postrecharge indicates mobilization of a localized source of elevated nitrate within the urbanized area of the aquifer. Changes in specific conductance were observed at both sites during groundwater recharge, and a significant correlation between specific conductance and nitrate (correlation coefficient [R] = 0.455) was evident at the urban site where large (3-fold) changes in nitrate occurred. Nitrate concentrations and specific conductance measured during a depth profile indicated that the water column was generally homogeneous as expected for this karst environment, but changes were observed in the most productive zone of the aquifer that might indicate some heterogeneity within the complex network of flow paths. Resolving the timing and magnitude of changes and characterizing fine-scale vertical differences would not be possible using conventional sampling techniques. The patterns observed in situ provided new insight into the dynamic nature of nitrate in a karst groundwater system.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.12.038","usgsCitation":"Opsahl, S.P., Musgrove, M., and Slattery, R.N., 2017, New insights into nitrate dynamics in a karst groundwater system gained from in situ high-frequency optical sensor measurements: Journal of Hydrology, v. 546, p. 179-188, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.12.038.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"179","endPage":"188","ipdsId":"IP-067710","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":347247,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Edwards Aquifer","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -100.469970703125,\n 29.11857441491087\n ],\n [\n -97.55584716796875,\n 29.11857441491087\n ],\n [\n -97.55584716796875,\n 30.458144351018078\n ],\n [\n -100.469970703125,\n 30.458144351018078\n ],\n [\n -100.469970703125,\n 29.11857441491087\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"546","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f05123e4b0220bbd9a1d9f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Opsahl, Stephen P. 0000-0002-4774-0415 sopsahl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4774-0415","contributorId":4713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Opsahl","given":"Stephen","email":"sopsahl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Musgrove, MaryLynn 0000-0003-1607-3864 mmusgrov@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1607-3864","contributorId":197013,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Musgrove","given":"MaryLynn","email":"mmusgrov@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":713012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Slattery, Richard N. 0000-0002-9141-9776 rnslatte@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9141-9776","contributorId":2471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slattery","given":"Richard","email":"rnslatte@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70185623,"text":"70185623 - 2017 - Land-use change and managed aquifer recharge effects on the hydrogeochemistry of two contrasting atoll island aquifers, Roi-Namur Island, Republic of the Marshall Islands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-17T08:18:10","indexId":"70185623","displayToPublicDate":"2017-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Land-use change and managed aquifer recharge effects on the hydrogeochemistry of two contrasting atoll island aquifers, Roi-Namur Island, Republic of the Marshall Islands","docAbstract":"Freshwater resources on low-lying atoll islands are highly vulnerable to climate change and sea-level rise. In addition to rainwater catchment, groundwater in the freshwater lens is a critically important water resource on many atoll islands, especially during drought. Although many atolls have high annual rainfall rates, dense natural vegetation and high evapotranspiration rates can limit recharge to the freshwater lens. Here we evaluate the effects of land-use/land-cover change and managed aquifer recharge on the hydrogeochemistry and supply of groundwater on Roi-Namur Island, Republic of the Marshall Islands. Roi-Namur is an artificially conjoined island that has similar hydrogeology on the Roi and Namur lobes, but has contrasting land-use/land-cover and managed aquifer recharge only on Roi. Vegetation removal and managed aquifer recharge operations have resulted in an estimated 8.6 x 105 m3 of potable groundwater in the freshwater lens on Roi, compared to only 1.6 x 104 m3 on Namur. We use groundwater samples from a suite of 33 vertically nested monitoring wells, statistical testing, and geochemical modeling using PHREEQC to show that the differences in land-use/land-cover and managed aquifer recharge on Roi and Namur have a statistically significant effect on several groundwater-quality parameters and the controlling geochemical processes. Results also indicate a seven-fold reduction in the dissolution of carbonate rock in the freshwater lens and overlying vadose zone of Roi compared to Namur. Mixing of seawater and the freshwater lens is a more dominant hydrogeochemical process on Roi because of the greater recharge and flushing of the aquifer with freshwater as compared to Namur. In contrast, equilibrium processes and dissolution-precipitation non-equilibrium reactions are more dominant on Namur because of the longer residence times relative to the rate of geochemical reactions. Findings from Roi-Namur Island support selective land-use/land-cover change and managed aquifer recharge as a promising management approach for communities on other low-lying atoll islands to increase the resilience of their groundwater supplies and help them adapt to future climate change related stresses.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2017.03.006","usgsCitation":"Hejazian, M., Gurdak, J., Swarzenski, P.W., Odigie, K., and Storlazzi, C.D., 2017, Land-use change and managed aquifer recharge effects on the hydrogeochemistry of two contrasting atoll island aquifers, Roi-Namur Island, Republic of the Marshall Islands: Applied Geochemistry, v. 80, p. 58-71, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2017.03.006.","productDescription":"14 p. 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Surveillance for AIVs is critical to assessing risks for potential spread of these viruses among wild and domestic bird populations. The Delmarva Peninsula on the east coast of the United States is both a key convergence point for migratory Atlantic waterfowl populations and a region with high poultry production (>4,700 poultry meat facilities). Sampling of key migratory waterfowl species occurred at 20 locations throughout the Delmarva Peninsula in fall and winter of 2013–14. Samples were collected from 400 hunter-harvested or live-caught birds via cloacal and oropharyngeal swabs. Fourteen of the 400 (3.5%) birds sampled tested positive for the AIV matrix gene using real-time reverse transcriptase PCR, all from five dabbling duck species. Further characterization of the 14 viral isolates identified two hemagglutinin (H3 and H4) and four neuraminidase (N2, N6, N8, and N9) subtypes, which were consistent with isolates reported in the Influenza Research Database for this region. Three of 14 isolates contained multiple HA or NA subtypes. This study adds to the limited baseline information available for AIVs in migratory waterfowl populations on the Delmarva Peninsula, particularly prior to the highly pathogenic AIV A(H5N8) and A(H5N2) introductions to the United States in late 2014.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Avian Pathologists","doi":"10.1637/11476-072616-ResNote","usgsCitation":"Prosser, D.J., Densmore, C.L., Hindman, L.J., Iwanowicz, D.D., Ottinger, C.A., Iwanowicz, L., Driscoll, C.P., and Nagel, J.L., 2017, Low pathogenic avian influenza viruses in wild migratory waterfowl in a region of high poultry production, Delmarva, Maryland: Avian Diseases, v. 61, no. 1, p. 128-134, https://doi.org/10.1637/11476-072616-ResNote.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"128","endPage":"134","ipdsId":"IP-080890","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438429,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F75M63V3","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Low-pathogenic avian influenza viruses in wild migratory waterfowl in a region of high poultry production, Delmarva, Maryland"},{"id":339678,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Delaware, Maryland","otherGeospatial":"Delmarva Peninsula","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.39892578125,\n 37.98317483351337\n ],\n [\n -74.9871826171875,\n 37.98317483351337\n ],\n [\n -74.9871826171875,\n 38.8782049970615\n ],\n [\n -76.39892578125,\n 38.8782049970615\n ],\n [\n -76.39892578125,\n 37.98317483351337\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"61","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58f08e5fe4b06911a29fa846","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Prosser, Diann J. 0000-0002-5251-1799 dprosser@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5251-1799","contributorId":2389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prosser","given":"Diann","email":"dprosser@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":690870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Densmore, Christine L. 0000-0001-6440-0781 cdensmore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6440-0781","contributorId":4560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Densmore","given":"Christine","email":"cdensmore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":690871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hindman, Larry J.","contributorId":190849,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hindman","given":"Larry","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Iwanowicz, Deborah D. 0000-0002-9613-8594 diwanowicz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9613-8594","contributorId":2253,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iwanowicz","given":"Deborah","email":"diwanowicz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":690873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ottinger, Christopher A. 0000-0003-2551-1985 cottinger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2551-1985","contributorId":2559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ottinger","given":"Christopher","email":"cottinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":690874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Iwanowicz, Luke R. 0000-0002-1197-6178 liwanowicz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1197-6178","contributorId":150383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iwanowicz","given":"Luke R. ","email":"liwanowicz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":690875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Driscoll, Cindy P.","contributorId":190850,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Driscoll","given":"Cindy","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Nagel, Jessica L. 0000-0002-4437-0324 jnagel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4437-0324","contributorId":3976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nagel","given":"Jessica","email":"jnagel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":690877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ]}