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,{"id":1008134,"text":"1008134 - 1994 - Conservation of Marine Otters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:37","indexId":"1008134","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":869,"text":"Aquatic Mammals","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Conservation of Marine Otters","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Aquatic Mammals","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Estes, J.A., 1994, Conservation of Marine Otters: Aquatic Mammals, v. 20.3, p. 125-128.","productDescription":"p. 125-128","startPage":"125","endPage":"128","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132517,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20.3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afee4b07f02db6973ca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Estes, J. A.","contributorId":53319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Estes","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":81503,"text":"81503 - 1994 - Fourth California Islands Symposium: Update on the Status of Resources,","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:01","indexId":"81503","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"title":"Fourth California Islands Symposium: Update on the Status of Resources,","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","language":"English","publisher":"Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History","publisherLocation":"Santa Barbara, CA","usgsCitation":"Halvorson, W.L., and Maender, G., 1994, Fourth California Islands Symposium: Update on the Status of Resources,.","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":128041,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ce4b07f02db6a944c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Halvorson, W. L.","contributorId":26246,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halvorson","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":295514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Maender, G.L.","contributorId":34074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maender","given":"G.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":295515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1008453,"text":"1008453 - 1994 - Nutrient values of piranha (Characidae: Serrasalminae) prey items","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-01T01:41:28.208022","indexId":"1008453","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1337,"text":"Copeia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nutrient values of piranha (Characidae: Serrasalminae) prey items","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists (ASIH)","doi":"10.2307/1447004","usgsCitation":"Nico, L., and Morales, M., 1994, Nutrient values of piranha (Characidae: Serrasalminae) prey items: Copeia, v. 1994, no. 2, p. 524-528, https://doi.org/10.2307/1447004.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"524","endPage":"528","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130740,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1994","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afce4b07f02db696726","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nico, L.G. 0000-0002-4488-7737","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4488-7737","contributorId":83052,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nico","given":"L.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morales, M.","contributorId":75483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morales","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70182508,"text":"70182508 - 1994 - Designing global land cover databases to maximize utility—the US prototype","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-16T16:52:51.919029","indexId":"70182508","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"19","title":"Designing global land cover databases to maximize utility—the US prototype","docAbstract":"<p><span>One of the most pressing problems in global climate and ecosystem studies is a lack of adequate land cover data. Staff from the United States Geological Survey's EROS Data Center and the University of Nebraska have developed a United States prototype for a proposed global land cover characteristics database derived from 1-km Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer satellite data. A total of 159 seasonally distinct spectral I temporal land cover classes were labelled according to their constituent vegetation types rather than forcing the vegetation complexes into a predefined classification scheme. The database contains attributes that characterize each land cover class, including elevation, climate attributes and biophysical parameters derived from the normalized difference vegetation index (ND VI). The database design permits convenient translation to a variety of land cover classification schemes commonly used in global scale models. This approach allows scientists to continue using classification schemes with which they are comfortable, eliminates duplicating land cover database development, and provides a degree of uniformity in the development of parallel but distinct databases.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental information management and analysis—ecosystem to global scales","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor and Francis","publisherLocation":"Bristol, PA","doi":"10.1201/9781482272505","usgsCitation":"Reed, B., Loveland, T., Steyaert, L.T., Brown, J.F., Merchant, J., and Ohlen, D., 1994, Designing global land cover databases to maximize utility—the US prototype, chap. 19 <i>of</i> Environmental information management and analysis—ecosystem to global scales, p. 299-314, https://doi.org/10.1201/9781482272505.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"299","endPage":"314","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336141,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1994-08-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58b002d9e4b01ccd54fb2803","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Michener, W.K.","contributorId":59139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michener","given":"W.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":671324,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brunt, J.W.","contributorId":182387,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brunt","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":671325,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stafford, S.G.","contributorId":182386,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stafford","given":"S.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":671326,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Reed, B. C. 0000-0002-1132-7178","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1132-7178","contributorId":55594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"B. C.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":671318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loveland, Thomas R. 0000-0003-3114-6646","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3114-6646","contributorId":106125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loveland","given":"Thomas R.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":671319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Steyaert, L. T.","contributorId":71303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steyaert","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":671320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brown, Jesslyn F. 0000-0002-9976-1998 jfbrown@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9976-1998","contributorId":3241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Jesslyn","email":"jfbrown@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":671321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Merchant, J.W.","contributorId":75694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merchant","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":671322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ohlen, D.O.","contributorId":72371,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ohlen","given":"D.O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":671323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70018039,"text":"70018039 - 1994 - Stratigraphic relations and U-Pb geochronology of the Upper Cretaceous upper McCoy Mountains Formation, southwestern Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-23T15:48:15.146176","indexId":"70018039","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stratigraphic relations and U-Pb geochronology of the Upper Cretaceous upper McCoy Mountains Formation, southwestern Arizona","docAbstract":"<p>A previously unrecognized angular unconformity divides the Jurassic and Cretaceous McCoy Mountains Formation into a lower and an upper unit in the Dome Rock Mountains and Livingston Hills of western Arizona. The lower unit of the McCoy Mountains Formation consists of generally fine-grained quartzose and volcaniclastic strata that were deposited after cessation of Middle Jurassic explosive volcanism. The basal contact of the lower unit is disconformable in most places, but locally it has been interpreted to be gradational with the underlying silicic volcanic rocks. The upper unit is a fining-upward sequence of quartzo-feldspathic and arkosic conglomerate and sandstone that records uplift of a northern source terrane. A tuff in the lower part of the upper unit has a U-Pb crystallization age of 79 ± 2 Ma (Late Cretaceous). Rocks of the lower unit are deformed by pre-80 Ma thrust faults of the generally southward-vergent Maria fold and thrust belt, which bounds the outcrop belt of the McCoy Mountains Formation on the north. The upper unit is exposed only south of the fold and thrust belt.</p><p>We interpret the intraformation unconformity in the McCoy Mountains Formation to have developed where rocks of the lower unit were deformed adjacent to the southern margin of the Maria fold and thrust belt. The upper unit of the formation is interpreted as a foreland-basin deposit that was shed southward from the actively rising and deforming fold and thrust belt. The apparent absence of an equivalent unconformity in the McCoy Mountains Formation in adjacent California is presumably a consequence of the observed westward divergence of the outcrop belt from the fold and thrust belt. Continued southward shortening deformed the entire formation under greenschist- and, locally, amphibolite-facies conditions soon after the upper unit was deposited. Tectonic burial beneath the north-vergent Mule Mountains thrust system in the latest Late Cretaceous (∼70 Ma) marked the end of Mesozoic contractile deformation in the area.</p><p>We interpret the intraformation unconformity in the McCoy Mountains Formation to have developed where rocks of the lower unit were deformed adjacent to the southern margin of the Maria fold and thrust belt. The upper unit of the formation is interpreted as a foreland-basin deposit that was shed southward from the actively rising and deforming fold and thrust belt. The apparent absence of an equivalent unconformity in the McCoy Mountains Formation in adjacent California is presumably a consequence of the observed westward divergence of the outcrop belt from the fold and thrust belt. Continued southward shortening deformed the entire formation under greenschist- and, locally, amphibolite-facies conditions soon after the upper unit was deposited. Tectonic burial beneath the north-vergent Mule Mountains thrust system in the latest Late Cretaceous (∼70 Ma) marked the end of Mesozoic contractile deformation in the area.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1994)106<0476:SRAUPG>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Tosdal, R., and Stone, P., 1994, Stratigraphic relations and U-Pb geochronology of the Upper Cretaceous upper McCoy Mountains Formation, southwestern Arizona: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 106, no. 4, p. 476-491, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1994)106<0476:SRAUPG>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"476","endPage":"491","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":228692,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"106","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9920e4b08c986b31c274","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tosdal, R. M.","contributorId":54982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tosdal","given":"R. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":378259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stone, P.","contributorId":93632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":378260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70182507,"text":"70182507 - 1994 - Geographic modeling of food production from rainfed agriculture—Senegal case study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-23T13:08:31","indexId":"70182507","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Geographic modeling of food production from rainfed agriculture—Senegal case study","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental information management and analysis—ecosystem to global scales","language":"English","publisher":"CODATA","usgsCitation":"Moore, D.G., Tappan, G., Howard, S.M., Lietzow, R., Nadeau, C., Renison, W., and Olsson, J., 1994, Geographic modeling of food production from rainfed agriculture—Senegal case study, chap. <i>of</i> Environmental information management and analysis—ecosystem to global scales, p. 133-158.","productDescription":"26 p. ","startPage":"133","endPage":"158","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336137,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58b002d9e4b01ccd54fb2805","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, D. G.","contributorId":7285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":671311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tappan, G.G. 0000-0002-2240-6963","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2240-6963","contributorId":182382,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tappan","given":"G.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":671312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Howard, Stephen M. 0000-0001-5255-5882 smhoward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5255-5882","contributorId":3483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howard","given":"Stephen","email":"smhoward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":671313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lietzow, R.W.","contributorId":58104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lietzow","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":671314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nadeau, C.A.","contributorId":182383,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nadeau","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":671315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Renison, W.","contributorId":182384,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Renison","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":671316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Olsson, J.","contributorId":182385,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Olsson","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":671317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":1017406,"text":"1017406 - 1994 - To seed or not to seed","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-07-06T01:01:41","indexId":"1017406","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3761,"text":"Wildfire","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"To seed or not to seed","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wildfire","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Keeley, J., 1994, To seed or not to seed: Wildfire, v. 3.","productDescription":"p. 18","startPage":"18","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133053,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a07e4b07f02db5f9851","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Keeley, Jon E. 0000-0002-4564-6521","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-6521","contributorId":69082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeley","given":"Jon E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1008074,"text":"1008074 - 1994 - Predation on the flat-tailed horned lizard (Phrynosoma m'callii)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:37","indexId":"1008074","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1898,"text":"Herpetological Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predation on the flat-tailed horned lizard (Phrynosoma m'callii)","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Herpetological Review","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Duncan, R., Esque, T., and Echols, K., 1994, Predation on the flat-tailed horned lizard (Phrynosoma m'callii): Herpetological Review, v. 25.","productDescription":"p. 68","startPage":"68","numberOfPages":"68","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132651,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acfe4b07f02db680323","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Duncan, R.B.","contributorId":45239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duncan","given":"R.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Esque, T. C. 0000-0002-4166-6234","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4166-6234","contributorId":76250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esque","given":"T. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Echols, K.L.","contributorId":32884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Echols","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1008454,"text":"1008454 - 1994 - Agricultural chemical screening and detection of chlorpyrifos in fishes from the Apure drainage, Venezuela","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:24","indexId":"1008454","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1694,"text":"Fresenius Environmental Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Agricultural chemical screening and detection of chlorpyrifos in fishes from the Apure drainage, Venezuela","docAbstract":"Abstract not supplied at this time","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Fresenius Environmental Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Nico, L., Schaeffer, D., Taphorn, D., and Barbarino-Duque., A., 1994, Agricultural chemical screening and detection of chlorpyrifos in fishes from the Apure drainage, Venezuela: Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, v. 3, no. 11, p. 685-690.","productDescription":"p. 685-690","startPage":"685","endPage":"690","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130741,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae3e4b07f02db689143","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nico, L.G. 0000-0002-4488-7737","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4488-7737","contributorId":83052,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nico","given":"L.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schaeffer, D.J.","contributorId":65038,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaeffer","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Taphorn, D.C.","contributorId":32480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taphorn","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barbarino-Duque., A.","contributorId":66638,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barbarino-Duque.","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":1008451,"text":"1008451 - 1994 - Manatees","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:24","indexId":"1008451","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3355,"text":"Scientific American","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Manatees","docAbstract":"Abstract not supplied at this time","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Scientific American","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"O'Shea, T., 1994, Manatees: Scientific American, v. 271, no. 1, p. 66-72.","productDescription":"p. 66-72","startPage":"66","endPage":"72","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130739,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"271","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a82e4b07f02db64ac51","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O'Shea, T. J. 0000-0002-0758-9730","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0758-9730","contributorId":50100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Shea","given":"T. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70182997,"text":"70182997 - 1994 - Geology of Seward Peninsula and Saint Lawrence Island","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-07T21:11:28","indexId":"70182997","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"4","title":"Geology of Seward Peninsula and Saint Lawrence Island","docAbstract":"<p><span>Seward Peninsula (Fig. 1) may be divided into two geologic terranes (Fig. 2) on the basis of stratigraphy, structure, and metamorphic history. The Seward terrane, an area 150 by 150 km in the central and eastern peninsula, is dominated by Precambrian(?) and early Paleozoic blueschist-, greenschist-, and amphibolite-facies schist and marble, and intruded by three suites of granitic rocks. The York terrane, roughly 100 by 75 km, occupies western Seward Peninsula and the Bering Straits region; it is composed of Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian, Mississippian, and possibly older limestone, argillaceous limestone, dolostone, and phyllite, which are cut by a suite of Late Cretaceous tin-bearing granites. The boundary between the Seward and York terranes is poorly exposed but is thought to be a major thrust fault because of its sinuous map trace, a discontinuity in metamorphic grade, and differences in stratigraphy across the boundary (Travis Hudson, oral communication, 1984). The boundary between the Seward terrane and the Yukon-Koyukuk province to the east is complicated by vertical faults (the Kugruk fault Zone of Sainsbury, 1974) and obscured by Cretaceous and Tertiary cover.</span></p><p><span>The Seward Peninsula heretofore was thought to consist largely of rocks of Precambrian age (Sainsbury, 1972, 1974, 1975; Hudson, 1977), Microfossil data, however, indicate that many of the rocks considered to be Precambrian are early Paleozoic in age (Till and others, 1986; Dumoulin and Harris, 1984; Dumoulin and Till, 1985; Till and others, 1983; Wandervoort, 1985). It is likely that Precambrian rocks are a minor part of the stratigraphy of the Seward Peninsula.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The geology of Alaska: Volume G-1 of Decade of North American Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","usgsCitation":"Till, A.B., and Dumoulin, J.A., 1994, Geology of Seward Peninsula and Saint Lawrence Island, chap. 4 <i>of</i> The geology of Alaska: Volume G-1 of Decade of North American Geology, v. G-1, p. 141-152.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"141","endPage":"152","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336410,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Saint Lawrence Island, Seward Peninsula","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -161,\n              64\n            ],\n            [\n              -161,\n              67\n            ],\n            [\n              -169,\n              67\n            ],\n            [\n              -169,\n              64\n            ],\n            [\n              -161,\n              64\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -172.3974609375,\n              62.85514553774182\n            ],\n            [\n              -168.134765625,\n              62.85514553774182\n            ],\n            [\n              -168.134765625,\n              63.93737246791484\n            ],\n            [\n              -172.3974609375,\n              63.93737246791484\n            ],\n            [\n              -172.3974609375,\n              62.85514553774182\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"G-1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58b69a44e4b01ccd54ff3fd4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Till, Alison B. atill@usgs.gov","contributorId":2482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Till","given":"Alison","email":"atill@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":674743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dumoulin, Julie A. 0000-0003-1754-1287 dumoulin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1754-1287","contributorId":203209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dumoulin","given":"Julie","email":"dumoulin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":674744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1017314,"text":"1017314 - 1994 - Temperature and salinity tolerance of selected nonindigenous fishes established or collected in Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:34","indexId":"1017314","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":18,"text":"Abstract or summary"},"seriesTitle":{"id":474,"text":"Florida Scientist","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":18}},"title":"Temperature and salinity tolerance of selected nonindigenous fishes established or collected in Florida","docAbstract":"Abstract not supplied at this time","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Florida Scientist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Goodkin, L., Crisman, T., and Williams, J., 1994, Temperature and salinity tolerance of selected nonindigenous fishes established or collected in Florida, <i>in</i> Florida Scientist, v. 57.","productDescription":"p. 25","startPage":"25","numberOfPages":"25","costCenters":[{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132877,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"57","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adae4b07f02db68576b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goodkin, L.O.","contributorId":11570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goodkin","given":"L.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Crisman, T.L.","contributorId":73162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crisman","given":"T.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Williams, J.D.","contributorId":74701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70182832,"text":"70182832 - 1994 - Geology of south-central Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-07T16:28:08","indexId":"70182832","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"10","title":"Geology of south-central Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>South-central Alaska is defined as the region bounded by the Kuskokwim Mountains to the northwest, the basins north of the Alaska Range to the north, the Canadian border to the east, and the Chugach Mountains to the south (Fig. 1). This region, hereafter called the study area, includes the Alaska Range, the Wrangell, Nutzotin, and Talkeetna mountains, the Copper River and the Susitna basins, the northern flank of the Chugach Mountains, the Aleutian Range, and the Alaska Peninsula. This chapter describes and interprets the bedrock geology of the region, which consists mostly of a collage of Paleozoic and Mesozoic tectonostratigraphic terranes (hereafter referred to as terranes), Mesozoic flysch basin deposits, late Paleozoic and Mesozoic plutonic rocks, and younger late Mesozoic and Cenozoic sedimentary, volcanic, and plutonic rocks. Cited published sources and new data and interpretations of the authors are utilized for the descriptions and interpretations. The terranes, flysch basin deposits, and younger Mesozoic sedimentary, volcanic, and plutonic assemblages are described first in a general northwest to southeast order. Major faults or sutures are described second. Stratigraphic linkages and structural and tectonic relations between terranes are described last. Definitions of the various stratigraphic, structural, and tectonic terms are stated at the end of this introduction.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The geology of Alaska: Volume G-1 of Decade of North American Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","usgsCitation":"Nokleberg, W.J., Plafker, G., and Wilson, F.H., 1994, Geology of south-central Alaska, chap. 10 <i>of</i> The geology of Alaska: Volume G-1 of Decade of North American Geology, v. G-1, p. 311-366.","productDescription":"56 p.","startPage":"311","endPage":"366","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336387,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -162,\n              64\n            ],\n            [\n              -141,\n              64\n            ],\n            [\n              -141,\n              59\n            ],\n            [\n              -151.75,\n              59\n            ],\n            [\n              -151.75,\n              58\n            ],\n            [\n              -152,\n              58\n            ],\n            [\n              -152,\n              57\n            ],\n            [\n              -154,\n              57\n            ],\n            [\n              -154,\n              56\n            ],\n            [\n              -158,\n              56\n            ],\n            [\n              -158,\n              55\n            ],\n            [\n              -158.5,\n              55\n            ],\n            [\n              -158.5,\n              54\n            ],\n            [\n              -161,\n              54\n            ],\n            [\n              -161,\n              55\n            ],\n            [\n              -162,\n              55\n            ],\n            [\n              -162,\n              54\n            ],\n            [\n              -164,\n              54\n            ],\n            [\n              -164,\n              56\n            ],\n            [\n              -161,\n              56\n            ],\n            [\n              -161,\n              57\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.5,\n              57\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.5,\n              58\n            ],\n            [\n              -162.25,\n              58\n            ],\n            [\n              -162.25,\n              59\n            ],\n            [\n              -162,\n              59\n            ],\n         \n            [\n              -162,\n              64\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"G-1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58b69a44e4b01ccd54ff3fd8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nokleberg, Warren J. 0000-0002-1574-8869 wnokleberg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1574-8869","contributorId":2077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nokleberg","given":"Warren","email":"wnokleberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":673942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Plafker, George","contributorId":3920,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Plafker","given":"George","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wilson, Frederic H. 0000-0003-1761-6437 fwilson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1761-6437","contributorId":67174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Frederic","email":"fwilson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":673944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70182298,"text":"70182298 - 1994 - Growth and survivorship of Moapa dace (Osteichthyes: Cyprinidae: Moapa coriacea) in an isolated stream reach on Moapa National Wildlife Refuge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-22T14:01:20","indexId":"70182298","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3451,"text":"Southwestern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Growth and survivorship of Moapa dace (Osteichthyes: Cyprinidae: Moapa coriacea) in an isolated stream reach on Moapa National Wildlife Refuge","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Scoppettone, G., and Burge, H., 1994, Growth and survivorship of Moapa dace (Osteichthyes: Cyprinidae: Moapa coriacea) in an isolated stream reach on Moapa National Wildlife Refuge: Southwestern Naturalist, v. 39, no. 2, p. 192-195.","productDescription":"4 p. ","startPage":"192","endPage":"195","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":335977,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58aeb144e4b01ccd54f9ee66","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scoppettone, G.G.","contributorId":22793,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scoppettone","given":"G.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":670421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burge, H.L.","contributorId":57104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burge","given":"H.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":670422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70182296,"text":"70182296 - 1994 - Induced resistance in avocado fruits to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides by a non-pathogenic mutant of Colletotrichum magna","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-22T13:54:16","indexId":"70182296","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2780,"text":"Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Induced resistance in avocado fruits to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides by a non-pathogenic mutant of Colletotrichum magna","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Prusky, D., Freeman, S., Rodriguez, R.J., and Keen, N., 1994, Induced resistance in avocado fruits to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides by a non-pathogenic mutant of Colletotrichum magna: Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, v. 7, p. 326-333.","productDescription":"8 p. ","startPage":"326","endPage":"333","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":335974,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58aeb145e4b01ccd54f9ee6a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Prusky, D.","contributorId":182050,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Prusky","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":670414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Freeman, S.","contributorId":78492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freeman","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":670415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rodriguez, R. J.","contributorId":53107,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rodriguez","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":670416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Keen, N.T.","contributorId":182051,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Keen","given":"N.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":670417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70184245,"text":"70184245 - 1994 - Decoy trapping and rocket-netting for northern pintails in spring","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-03T15:35:38","indexId":"70184245","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2284,"text":"Journal of Field Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Decoy trapping and rocket-netting for northern pintails in spring","docAbstract":"<p><span>Decoy traps and rocket-nets were compared for capturing Northern Pintails (<i>Anas acuta</i>: hereafter pintails) during May 1991 on the Yukon Flats, Alaska. Males were captured at similar rates using both methods (1.38 vs. 1.07 males/trap d, respectively), but baited rocket-nets were more efficient than decoy traps for capturing females (0.52 vs. 0.12 females/trap d). There were no significant differences in masses of pintails captured by each method.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","usgsCitation":"Grand, J.B., and Fondell, T., 1994, Decoy trapping and rocket-netting for northern pintails in spring: Journal of Field Ornithology, v. 65, no. 3, p. 402-405.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"402","endPage":"405","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336832,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Yukon Flats","volume":"65","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ba8ebfe4b0bcef64f0b947","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grand, J. Barry 0000-0002-3576-4567 barry_grand@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3576-4567","contributorId":579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grand","given":"J.","email":"barry_grand@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Barry","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fondell, Thomas F. tfondell@usgs.gov","contributorId":139310,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fondell","given":"Thomas F.","email":"tfondell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":680703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70180423,"text":"70180423 - 1994 -  Ecological consequences of introduced piscivorous fishes in the lower Columbia and Snake Rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-30T12:50:40","indexId":"70180423","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":" Ecological consequences of introduced piscivorous fishes in the lower Columbia and Snake Rivers","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Theory and application in fish feeding ecology","language":"English","publisher":"University of South Carolina Press","usgsCitation":"Poe, P., Shively, R., and Tabor, R., 1994,  Ecological consequences of introduced piscivorous fishes in the lower Columbia and Snake Rivers, chap. <i>of</i> Theory and application in fish feeding ecology, p. 347-360.","productDescription":"14 p. ","startPage":"347","endPage":"360","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334330,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58905ef8e4b072a7ac0cad7f","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Stouder, Deanna J.","contributorId":111699,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stouder","given":"Deanna","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661640,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fresh, K.L.","contributorId":105916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fresh","given":"K.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661641,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Feller, R.J.","contributorId":112627,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feller","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661642,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Poe, P.P.","contributorId":178929,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Poe","given":"P.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shively, R.S.","contributorId":79642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shively","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tabor, R.A.","contributorId":17044,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tabor","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":46732,"text":"ofr9220H - 1994 - Geologic map of ophiolite complexes and associated volcanic arc and metamorphic terranes of northeastern Russia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:48","indexId":"ofr9220H","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"92-20","chapter":"H","title":"Geologic map of ophiolite complexes and associated volcanic arc and metamorphic terranes of northeastern Russia","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr9220H","usgsCitation":"Khanchuk, A., Palandzjan, S., and Panchenko, I., 1994, Geologic map of ophiolite complexes and associated volcanic arc and metamorphic terranes of northeastern Russia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 92-20, 1 map :photocopy ;55 x 62 cm., on sheet 92 x 107 cm., folded to 25 x 21 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9220H.","productDescription":"1 map :photocopy ;55 x 62 cm., on sheet 92 x 107 cm., folded to 25 x 21 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":171621,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":83633,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1992/0020h/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c70f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Khanchuk, A.J.","contributorId":6517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Khanchuk","given":"A.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":233935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Palandzjan, S.A.","contributorId":75615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Palandzjan","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":233937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Panchenko, I.V.","contributorId":37402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Panchenko","given":"I.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":233936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70180409,"text":"70180409 - 1994 - Effects of multiple acute stressors on the predator avoidance ability and physiology of juvenile Chinook salmon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-30T12:00:39","indexId":"70180409","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of multiple acute stressors on the predator avoidance ability and physiology of juvenile Chinook salmon","docAbstract":"<p>Northern squaw fish Ptychocheilus oregonensis are the predominant predators of juvenile Pacific salmonids Oncorhynchus spp. in the Columbia River, and their predation rates are greatest just below dams. Because juvenile salmonids are commonly subjected to multiple stressors at dams in the course of their seaward migration, high predation rates below dams may be due in part to an increase in the vulnerability of stressed fish. I conducted laboratory experiments to examine the predator avoidance ability and physiological stress responses of juvenile chinook salmon O. tshawytscha subjected to treatments (stressors) designed to simulate routine hatchery practices (multiple handlings) or dam passage (multiple agitations). Both stressors resulted in lethargic behavior in the fish, and agitation also caused disorieniation and occasional injury. When equal numbers of stressed and unstressed fish were exposed to northern squawfish for up to 1 h, significantly more stressed fish were eaten, but this effect was not evident during longer exposures. The lack of differential predation in trials lasting up to 24 h can be explained by the rapid development of schooling behavior in the prey, but other possibilities exist, such as changing ratios of stressed and unstressed prey over time. Concentrations of plasma cortisol, glucose, and lactate in fish subjected to multiple stressors were similar and sometimes cumulative, returned to prestress levels within 6-24 h, and correlated poorly with predator avoidance ability. My results suggest that juvenile salmonids are capable of avoiding predators within 1 h after being subjected to multiple acute stressors even though physiological homeostasis may be altered for up to 24 h. Therefore, because juvenile salmonids typically reside in lailrace areas for only a short time after dam passage, measures aimed at reducing physical stress or protecting them as they migrate through dam tailraces may help alleviate the relatively intense predation in these areas. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(1994)123<0786:EOMASO>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Mesa, M.G., 1994, Effects of multiple acute stressors on the predator avoidance ability and physiology of juvenile Chinook salmon: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 123, no. 5, p. 786-793, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1994)123<0786:EOMASO>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"18 p. ","startPage":"786","endPage":"793","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334310,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"123","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58905ef9e4b072a7ac0cad8f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mesa, Matthew G. mmesa@usgs.gov","contributorId":3423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mesa","given":"Matthew","email":"mmesa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":661596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":18849,"text":"ofr94433 - 1994 - Data report and description of techniques for the 1993 season of the San Francisco Bay area regional broad-band transect, California (Passcal Experiment P9220)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:28","indexId":"ofr94433","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-433","title":"Data report and description of techniques for the 1993 season of the San Francisco Bay area regional broad-band transect, California (Passcal Experiment P9220)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr94433","usgsCitation":"Evans, J., Coakley, J., Iyer, H.M., Ruppert, S., Schwartz, S., Vidale, J., and Zandt, G., 1994, Data report and description of techniques for the 1993 season of the San Francisco Bay area regional broad-band transect, California (Passcal Experiment P9220): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-433, 143 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr94433.","productDescription":"143 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":151945,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0433/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":48241,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0433/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67b53b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Evans, J.R.","contributorId":50526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":179853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coakley, J.M.","contributorId":32557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coakley","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":179851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Iyer, H. M.","contributorId":17997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iyer","given":"H.","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":179850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ruppert, S.D.","contributorId":51315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruppert","given":"S.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":179854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schwartz, S.Y.","contributorId":35342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwartz","given":"S.Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":179852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Vidale, J.E.","contributorId":55849,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vidale","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":179855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Zandt, George","contributorId":65490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zandt","given":"George","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":179856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":33994,"text":"b2020 - 1994 - Interpretation of exploration geochemical data for the Mount Katmai Quadrangle and adjacent parts of the Afognak and Naknek quadrangles, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:26","indexId":"b2020","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2020","title":"Interpretation of exploration geochemical data for the Mount Katmai Quadrangle and adjacent parts of the Afognak and Naknek quadrangles, Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O. ; Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/b2020","usgsCitation":"Church, S.E., Riehle, J., and Goldfarb, R., 1994, Interpretation of exploration geochemical data for the Mount Katmai Quadrangle and adjacent parts of the Afognak and Naknek quadrangles, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2020, iv, 67 p. ill., col. maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/b2020.","productDescription":"iv, 67 p. ill., col. maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":109820,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_22274.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"22274"},{"id":164245,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/2020/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":61923,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/2020/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":61924,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/2020/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":61925,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/2020/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":61926,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/2020/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dae4b07f02db5e0465","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Church, S. E.","contributorId":58260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Church","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":212293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Riehle, J.R.","contributorId":73573,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riehle","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":212294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goldfarb, R.J.","contributorId":38143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldfarb","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":212292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":18713,"text":"ofr94310 - 1994 - Overview of environmental and hydrogeologic conditions at Moses Point, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:24","indexId":"ofr94310","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-310","title":"Overview of environmental and hydrogeologic conditions at Moses Point, Alaska","docAbstract":"The Federal Aviation Administration facility at Moses Point is located at the mouth of the Kwiniuk River on the Seward Peninsula in northwestern Alaska. This area has long cold winters and short summers which affect the hydrology of the area. The Federal Aviation Administration owns or operates airport support facilities at the Moses Point site and wishes to consider the subsistence lifestyles of area residents and the quality of the current environment when evaluating options for remediation of environmental contamination at their facilities. Currently no operating wells are in the area, but the vulnerability of the aquifer and other alternative water supplies are being evaluated because the Federal Aviation Administration has a potential liability for the storage and use of hazardous materials in the area.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nUSGS Earth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr94310","usgsCitation":"Dorava, J., Ayres, R., and Sisco, W., 1994, Overview of environmental and hydrogeologic conditions at Moses Point, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-310, iv, 11 p. :maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr94310.","productDescription":"iv, 11 p. :maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":150971,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0310/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":48072,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0310/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae4e4b07f02db68a318","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dorava, J.M.","contributorId":68756,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorava","given":"J.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":179607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ayres, R.P.","contributorId":84782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ayres","given":"R.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":179608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sisco, W.C.","contributorId":100874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sisco","given":"W.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":179609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
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