{"pageNumber":"3993","pageRowStart":"99800","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184938,"records":[{"id":1016047,"text":"1016047 - 1994 - Getting a handle on visitor carrying capacity - A pilot project at Arches National Park","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:40","indexId":"1016047","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3014,"text":"Park Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Getting a handle on visitor carrying capacity - A pilot project at Arches National Park","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Park Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Hof, M., Hammett, J., Rees, M., Belnap, J., Poe, N., Lime, D., and Manning, B., 1994, Getting a handle on visitor carrying capacity - A pilot project at Arches National Park: Park Science, v. 14, no. 1, p. 11-13.","productDescription":"p. 11-13","startPage":"11","endPage":"13","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133307,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":15035,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://sbsc.wr.usgs.gov/products/pdfs/Hof_et_al_1994_Getting_a_handle.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"2331.000000000000000"}],"volume":"14","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67aeec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hof, Marilyn","contributorId":72762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hof","given":"Marilyn","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hammett, Jim","contributorId":31360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hammett","given":"Jim","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rees, Michael","contributorId":29374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rees","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Belnap, Jayne 0000-0001-7471-2279 jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7471-2279","contributorId":1332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belnap","given":"Jayne","email":"jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":323567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Poe, N.","contributorId":14777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poe","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lime, Dave","contributorId":51260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lime","given":"Dave","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Manning, Bob","contributorId":34884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manning","given":"Bob","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":1008444,"text":"1008444 - 1994 - Geographic distribution: Ameiva auberi obsoleta (Exuma Islands Ameiva)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:36","indexId":"1008444","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1898,"text":"Herpetological Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geographic distribution: Ameiva auberi obsoleta (Exuma Islands Ameiva)","docAbstract":"Abstract not supplied at this time","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Herpetological Review","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Franz, R., and Dodd, C., 1994, Geographic distribution: Ameiva auberi obsoleta (Exuma Islands Ameiva): Herpetological Review, v. 25, p. 163-164.","productDescription":"p. 163-164","startPage":"163","endPage":"164","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132940,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ce4b07f02db6a930f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Franz, R.","contributorId":93850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franz","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dodd, C.K. Jr.","contributorId":86286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dodd","given":"C.K.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":60680,"text":"mf2266 - 1994 - Logs of trenches across the central part of the Fish Lake Valley fault zone, Mono County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-10T20:09:32.415768","indexId":"mf2266","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2266","title":"Logs of trenches across the central part of the Fish Lake Valley fault zone, Mono County, California","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/mf2266","isbn":"0607822341","usgsCitation":"Reheis, M., 1994, Logs of trenches across the central part of the Fish Lake Valley fault zone, Mono County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2266, Report: 20 p.; 1 Plate: 55.50 x 37.50 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2266.","productDescription":"Report: 20 p.; 1 Plate: 55.50 x 37.50 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":182827,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1994/2266/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":88847,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1994/2266/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":88848,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1994/2266/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":490325,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_5888.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"4000","country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Mono County","otherGeospatial":"Fish Lake Valley fault zone","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -118.25,37.25 ], [ -118.25,38 ], [ -117.75,38 ], [ -117.75,37.25 ], [ -118.25,37.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6be4b07f02db63d77f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reheis, M.C. 0000-0002-8359-323X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8359-323X","contributorId":36128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reheis","given":"M.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":264206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":40868,"text":"ofr9434 - 1994 - Potentiometric surfaces of the intermediate aquifer system, west-central Florida, May, 1993","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-27T22:51:42.712753","indexId":"ofr9434","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-34","title":"Potentiometric surfaces of the intermediate aquifer system, west-central Florida, May, 1993","docAbstract":"The intermediate aquifer system underlies a 5000-sq-mi area including De Soto, Sarasota, Hardee, Manatee, and parts of Charlotte, Hillsborough, Highlands, and Polk Counties, Florida. It is overlain by the surf@cial aquifer system and underlain by the Floridan aquifer system. The potentiometric surface of the intermediate aquifer system was mapped by determining the altitude of water levels in a network of wells and represented on a map by contours that connect points of equal altitude. This map represents water-level conditions near the end of the spring dry season when ground- water withdrawals for agricultural use were high. The cumulative rainfall for the study area was 4.84 inches above normal for the period from June 1992 to May 1993. Hydrographs for selected wells indicated that the annual and seasonal fluctuations of the water levels were generally large (greater than 15 feet) in the central interior region where water demand for irrigation is high during the fall and spring. Seasonal fluctuations were smaller in the northern recharge area where water use is predominantly for public supply. Water levels measured in May 1993 for the composite intermediate aquifer potentiometric surface were lower than those measured in May or September 1992. A cone of depression exists in the potentiometric surface for the composite aquifer system at Warm Mineral Springs, which is a natural discharge point from this system.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr9434","usgsCitation":"Mularoni, R.A., 1994, Potentiometric surfaces of the intermediate aquifer system, west-central Florida, May, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-34, 1 Plate: 25.00 x 33.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9434.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 25.00 x 33.00 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":171534,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":411102,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_12445.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":21527,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0034/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -83,\n              28.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -83,\n              26.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.25,\n              26.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.25,\n              28.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -83,\n              28.25\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad3e4b07f02db68226d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mularoni, R. A.","contributorId":76713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mularoni","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":224074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1008133,"text":"1008133 - 1994 - Breeding patterns and reproductive success of California sea otters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-12-06T15:49:40.712666","indexId":"1008133","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Breeding patterns and reproductive success of California sea otters","docAbstract":"<p>Following commercial exploitation in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, sea otter (<i>Enhydra lutris</i>) populations in Alaska, British Columbia, and Washington recovered at 17-20% a year, yet the California population increased at only 5% a year. This slow rate of increase is perplexing, given that unoccupied and apparently favorable habitats occur throughout the sea otter's California range, and higher growth rates occurred among northern sea otter populations. Better knowledge of the demography of the California population is important in understanding these disparate population growth rates. We studied the reproductive biology and behavior of 53 tagged female sea otters from 1985 to 1991 in Monterey Bay, California. During the study, 136 pups were born to these females. Observations of each female enabled us to determine exact or estimated pup birth dates, which we used to calculate lengths of gestation, pup dependency, and reproductive cycle. Seasonal trends in pupping, in the proportion of adult females with pups, and in pup separations from their mothers were relatively uniform throughout the year. The average interval between separation from pup and subsequent birth was 198 days, the interbirth interval was 407 days, and estimated birth rate was 0.90/year for all adult females. For females that pupped annually (did not lose undetected newborns), the average interbirth interval was 342 days, given an estimated birth rate of 1.07/year. Length of the reproductive cycle increased with increasing length of prior pup dependency. However, the interval between separation from pup and subsequent birth was delayed among females that prematurely lost their pups. The average length of dependency for pups that survived to weaning was 166 days, but ranged from 120 to 280 days. The maximum preweaning survival rate was 0.60-0.65, less than values measured or inferred for some Alaskan populations. Most pups that did not survive to weaning were lost within a month of birth. The probability of successfully weaning pups and the length of dependency increased (<i>P</i> = 0.077)&nbsp; with mothers' ages, thus indicating that reproductive success may increase among females with greater mothering experience. The high preweaning pup mortality we observed probably accounts for much of the relatively slow growth rate of the California sea otter population.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3809308","usgsCitation":"Riedman, M.L., Estes, J.A., Staedler, M.M., Giles, A.A., and Carlson, D.R., 1994, Breeding patterns and reproductive success of California sea otters: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 58, no. 3, p. 391-399, https://doi.org/10.2307/3809308.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"391","endPage":"399","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132516,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Monterey Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.10609399826899,\n              36.97023271761633\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.10609399826899,\n              36.59490298566752\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.78989896317114,\n              36.59490298566752\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.78989896317114,\n              36.97023271761633\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.10609399826899,\n              36.97023271761633\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"58","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fb46f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Riedman, Marianne L.","contributorId":89079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riedman","given":"Marianne","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Estes, James A. jim_estes@usgs.gov","contributorId":53325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Estes","given":"James","email":"jim_estes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6949,"text":"University of California, Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":316837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Staedler, Michelle M. 0000-0002-1101-6580","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1101-6580","contributorId":213742,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Staedler","given":"Michelle","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6953,"text":"Monterey Bay Aquarium","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":316839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Giles, Alisa A.","contributorId":62559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giles","given":"Alisa","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Carlson, David R.","contributorId":89100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlson","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70182641,"text":"70182641 - 1994 - Use of boreal forested wetlands by Pacific loons (<i>Gavia pacifica</i> Lawrence) and horned grebes (<i>Podiceps auritus</i> L.): Relations with limnological characteristics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-27T13:54:06","indexId":"70182641","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5305,"text":"Developments in Hydrobiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":24}},"title":"Use of boreal forested wetlands by Pacific loons (<i>Gavia pacifica</i> Lawrence) and horned grebes (<i>Podiceps auritus</i> L.): Relations with limnological characteristics","docAbstract":"<p><span>Our objective was to determine if the occurrence and abundance of Pacific loons (</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Gavia pacifica</i><span> Lawrence) and horned grebes (</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Podiceps auritus</i><span> L.) on 123 wetlands of Yukon Flats National Wildlife Refuge in east central Alaska were related to the limnological characteristics of those wetlands. Aquatic bird-wetland use surveys were conducted in conjunction with limnological sampling from May through September 1985–87 and May through August 1989. Results from logistic regression analysis demonstrated a significant association between the probability of wetland use by Pacific loons and shoreline length, water color, calcium and total phosphorus. Wetland use by horned grebes was related to shoreline length, pH, and chlorophyll. Aquatic bird abundance was then used as a Poisson response variable and modeled as a function of wetland limnological characteristics. Our results indicate that Pacific loon abundance was adequately modeled by linear and quadratic functions of shoreline length, color, pH, calcium and total phosphorus. Horned grebe abundance could not be modeled with this approach. The statistical techniques known collectively as generalized linear models provided a framework for the development of models for aquatic bird use of wetlands. Our results, however, indicate that while this approach shows promise, a better understanding of how to model aquatic bird abundance is needed. We then identify problems in model development and suggest avenues for future research.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Developments in Hydrobiology: Aquatic birds in the trophic web of lakes: Proceedings of a symposium held in Sackville, New Brunswick, Canada, in August 1991","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"conferenceDate":"August 1991","conferenceLocation":"Sackville, NB","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/978-94-011-1128-7_17","isbn":"978-94-010-4493-6","usgsCitation":"Heglund, P., Jones, J., Fredrickson, L., and Kaiser, M., 1994, Use of boreal forested wetlands by Pacific loons (<i>Gavia pacifica</i> Lawrence) and horned grebes (<i>Podiceps auritus</i> L.): Relations with limnological characteristics, chap. <i>of</i> Developments in Hydrobiology: Aquatic birds in the trophic web of lakes: Proceedings of a symposium held in Sackville, New Brunswick, Canada, in August 1991: Developments in Hydrobiology, p. 171-183, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1128-7_17.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"171","endPage":"183","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336235,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Yukon Flats National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -150,\n              65.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -142.5,\n              65.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -142.5,\n              67.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -150,\n              67.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -150,\n              65.75\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58b15445e4b01ccd54fc5ee7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Heglund, P.J.","contributorId":44505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heglund","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":672552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, J.R.","contributorId":15967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":672553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fredrickson, L.H.","contributorId":91042,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fredrickson","given":"L.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":672554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kaiser, M.S.","contributorId":37836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaiser","given":"M.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":672555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70182171,"text":"70182171 - 1994 - The role of nutrient reserves for clutch formation by Northern Pintails in Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-17T15:06:30","indexId":"70182171","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3551,"text":"The Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The role of nutrient reserves for clutch formation by Northern Pintails in Alaska","docAbstract":"<p><span>We analyzed carcass composition of female Northern Pintails (<i>Anas acuta</i>) in Alaska to assess the importance of nutrient reserves for formation of first clutches (n = 85) and renests (n = 39). Habitat (tundra vs. boreal forest), hen age (yearling vs. adult), and year (1990 vs. 1991) did not affect nutrient reserve use. During formation of first clutches, Northern Pintail hens relied on lipid reserves more than any other duck species that has been studied. For much of the nesting season, lipid reserves were used to meet costs beyond those incurred by clutch formation. Date of initiation of rapid follicle growth was related to lipid reserve dynamics; lipid reserves at initiation and the rate of lipid use both declined through the season. Protein reserves declined slightly with commitment of protein to the clutch and with date of initiation of rapid follicle growth. Use of mineral reserves for first nests was negligible. Renesting females did not use nutrient reserves. Lipid reserve levels were positively related to the amount of lipid reserves needed to complete the clutch and clutch sizes predicted from a lipid dynamics model were consistent with known clutch sizes. Similar relationships did not exist for protein. We suggest that lipid reserve levels affect timing of nesting and proximately limit clutch size of Northern Pintails.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Cooper Ornithological Society","doi":"10.2307/1369325","usgsCitation":"Esler, D., and Grand, J.B., 1994, The role of nutrient reserves for clutch formation by Northern Pintails in Alaska: The Condor, v. 96, no. 2, p. 422-432, https://doi.org/10.2307/1369325.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"422","endPage":"432","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":335822,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Yukon Delta National Wildlife Refuge, Yukon Flats National Wildlife Refuge","volume":"96","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58a819b8e4b025c46429afd3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Esler, Daniel 0000-0001-5501-4555 desler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5501-4555","contributorId":5465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esler","given":"Daniel","email":"desler@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":12437,"text":"Simon Fraser University, Centre for Wildlife Ecology","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":669863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grand, J. Barry 0000-0002-3576-4567 barry_grand@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3576-4567","contributorId":579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grand","given":"J.","email":"barry_grand@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Barry","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":669864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70182210,"text":"70182210 - 1994 - Hybrid zone studies: An interdisciplinary approach for the analysis of evolutionary processes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-21T11:55:06","indexId":"70182210","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hybrid zone studies: An interdisciplinary approach for the analysis of evolutionary processes","docAbstract":"<p>There has been considerable debate in the ecological and evolutionary literature over the relative importance and rate by which microevolutionary processes operating at the population level result in separation and differentiation of lineages and populations, and ultimately in speciation. Our understanding of evolutionary processes have need greatly enhances through the study of hybridization and hybrid zones. Indeed, hybrid zones have been described as “natural laboratories” (Barton, N. H., and G .M. Hewitt, 189. Adaptation, speciation, and hybrid zones. Nature 341:497-503) or as “windows on the evolutionary processes” (Harrison, R. G. 1990. Hybrid zones: windows on the evolutionary process. Oxford Surveys in Evolutionary Biology 7:69-128). Hybrid zones greatly facilitate analyses of evolutionary dynamics because differences in factors such as mating preference, fertility, and viability are likely to be magnified, making the consequences easier to document over short periods of time.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/1939445","usgsCitation":"Scribner, K.T., 1994, Hybrid zone studies: An interdisciplinary approach for the analysis of evolutionary processes: Ecology, v. 79, no. 4, p. 1190-1191, https://doi.org/10.2307/1939445.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"1190","endPage":"1191","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":335875,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"79","issue":"4","publicComments":"This article is a review of <i>Hybrid Zones and the Evolutionary Process</i> by G. Harrison Richard","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ad5ff0e4b01ccd54f8b585","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scribner, Kim T.","contributorId":146113,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scribner","given":"Kim","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":16582,"text":"Department of Fisheries and Wildlife and Department of Zoology, 480 Wilson Rd. 13 Natural Resources Building, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":135,"text":"Biological Resources Division","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":669993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":60875,"text":"mf2256 - 1994 - Geologic map of the Irish Lake Quadrangle, Harney County, south-central Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:19","indexId":"mf2256","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2256","title":"Geologic map of the Irish Lake Quadrangle, Harney County, south-central Oregon","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/mf2256","usgsCitation":"Sherrod, D.R., and Johnson, J.A., 1994, Geologic map of the Irish Lake Quadrangle, Harney County, south-central Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2256, 1 map ;58 x 43 cm., on sheet 112 x 82 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2256.","productDescription":"1 map ;58 x 43 cm., on sheet 112 x 82 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":105325,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_5877.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"5877"},{"id":182393,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"0","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -119,42.8675 ], [ -119,43 ], [ -118.86749999999999,43 ], [ -118.86749999999999,42.8675 ], [ -119,42.8675 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4affe4b07f02db697ac8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sherrod, D. R.","contributorId":44559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherrod","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":264537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, J. A.","contributorId":88375,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":264538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1008445,"text":"1008445 - 1994 - Geographic distribution: Sphaerodactylus notatus amaurus (Great Bahama Bank Ground Gecko)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:36","indexId":"1008445","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1898,"text":"Herpetological Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geographic distribution: Sphaerodactylus notatus amaurus (Great Bahama Bank Ground Gecko)","docAbstract":"Abstract not supplied at this time","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Herpetological Review","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Franz, R., and Dodd, C., 1994, Geographic distribution: Sphaerodactylus notatus amaurus (Great Bahama Bank Ground Gecko): Herpetological Review, v. 25.","productDescription":"p. 166","startPage":"166","numberOfPages":"166","costCenters":[{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132941,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ce4b07f02db6a9291","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Franz, R.","contributorId":93850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franz","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dodd, C.K. Jr.","contributorId":86286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dodd","given":"C.K.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":60690,"text":"mf2275 - 1994 - Revised correlation chart of coal beds, coal zones, and key stratigraphic units in the Pennsylvanian rocks of eastern Kentucky","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-25T08:09:44","indexId":"mf2275","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2275","title":"Revised correlation chart of coal beds, coal zones, and key stratigraphic units in the Pennsylvanian rocks of eastern Kentucky","docAbstract":"This report revises Miscellaneous Field Studies Map MF-1188 (Rice and Smith, 1980). Major revisions to the original correlation chart include formal naming of key marine units in Kentucky and replacement of informally named marine units incorrectly projected into Kentucky from adjacent states. Also included in the report is the proper correlation of some regionally recognized coal bed names that have been incorrectly projected into Kentucky, particularly from Ohio and West Virginia. Besides these additions and corrections, minor changes have been made to the correlation chart, all of which are discussed below in detail. The Pennsylvania rocks of the eastern Kentucky coal field underlie an area of about 27,000 square kilometers (see index map). Largely because of the size and stratigra[hic complexity of the area, Huddle and others (1963, p. 31) divided the coal field into six coal-reserve districts. District boundaries utilize state and county line as well as geologic features, drainage areas, and coal producing areas. Their division is followed herein because, in general, each of the districts has a characteristic stratigraphic nomenclature, particularly with regard to coal bed names. The six districts are the Princess, Licking River, Big Sandy, Hazard, Southwestern, and Upper Cumberland River district is divided into the Middlesboro and Harlan subdistricts. The correlation chart lists most of the stratigraphic units of Pennsylvanian age used in eastern Kentucky, and is concerned principally with coal bed names used in publications since about 1950, especially all of the names of coal beds for which resources and reserves have been calculated. Coal constitutes only a small percentage of the total Pennsylvanian-rock sequence, but is present in as many as 26 major coal zones that have been prospected and mined extensively in all parts of the coal field since the early 1900's. Coal names listed in this chart represent coal beds that have been mined commercially or used locally by residents of the area. Not every coal bed listed under a district in the chart is found in all parts of that district, nor has every coal bed been given a name. For the sake of saving space, coal beds commonly identified as a \"rider\" coal bed (commonly a minor coal or split above the main bed) or as a \"marker\" coal bed (a minor coal below the main bed) are not included in the chart because they do not contribute to the overall stratigraphic framework of the coal field. Most of the stratigraphic units listed in the correlation chart are defined and described in detail in almost 200 geologic reports of the Geologic Quadrangle (GQ) Map Series of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). These maps were published as a result of the cooperative geological mapping program of the USGS and the Kentucky Geological Survey; which was begun in 1960 and was completed in 1978. The GQ maps, at a scale of 1:24,000, describe the lithology and local stratigraphy and identify many coal beds by noth local and regional names. Other sources of stratigraphic information and coal bed names used in the construction of the chart include USGS bulletins dealing with the coal resources of single 7.5-minute quadrangles (Englund, 1955; Adkinson, 1957; Welch, 1958; Bergin, 1962). The coal resources of eastern Kentucky as a whole have been described by Huddle and others (1963) and detailed reports on the stratigraphy and coal resources of significant areas in eastern Kentucky have been made by Huddle and Englund (1966) and Englund (1968). An additional source of coal bed names is the SEAMS database, which is jointly sponsored by the University of Kentucky Center for Applied Energy Research, the Kentucky Geological Survey, and the Kentucky Department of Mines and Minerals. The SEAMS database identifies the stratigraphic position and location of all coal beds in the eastern and the western Kentucky coal fields as well as those of bordering areas in adjacent states. The databases includes references to all coal-bed names used in Kentucky, especially those shown on coal company mine maps. Local names of coal beds in the database file that are not generally used in publications are listed in table 1 together with their regional equivalents.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/mf2275","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Commonwealth of Kentucky, University of Kentucky, Kentucky Geological Survey, Donald C. Haney, Director and State Geologist","usgsCitation":"Rice, C., and Hiett, J.K., 1994, Revised correlation chart of coal beds, coal zones, and key stratigraphic units in the Pennsylvanian rocks of eastern Kentucky: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2275, 1 Plate: 41.63 x 39.40 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2275.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 41.63 x 39.40 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":182800,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/mf2275.jpg"},{"id":284469,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2275/plate-1.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kentucky","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -83.823611,36.576389 ], [ -83.823611,38.708333 ], [ -82.333333,38.708333 ], [ -82.333333,36.576389 ], [ -83.823611,36.576389 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd70f1e4b0b290851075e6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rice, Charles L.","contributorId":61801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rice","given":"Charles L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":264230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hiett, John K.","contributorId":39648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hiett","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":264229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":96760,"text":"96760 - 1994 - Study of an off-highway vehicle race in Eldorado Valley \"Twilight 200\" March 27, 1993","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:03:51","indexId":"96760","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Study of an off-highway vehicle race in Eldorado Valley \"Twilight 200\" March 27, 1993","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","language":"English","collaboration":"Bureau of Land Management Draft Report.","usgsCitation":"Medica, P., 1994, Study of an off-highway vehicle race in Eldorado Valley \"Twilight 200\" March 27, 1993, 29 p.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"29","numberOfPages":"29","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":127001,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699da7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Medica, P.A.","contributorId":77079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Medica","given":"P.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":300210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70184279,"text":"70184279 - 1994 - Seasonal and annual survival of emperor geese","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-15T10:57:39","indexId":"70184279","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal and annual survival of emperor geese","docAbstract":"<p><span>Population levels of emperor geese (<i>Chen canagica</i>) in Alaska in 1993 were about half that estimated in the 1960s. Survival information is necessary for managers to decide how to best enhance recovery of this species to former levels. We calculated seasonal and annual estimates of emperor goose survival from resightings of neck-collared birds. Geese were neck collared in 1988-90 on their breeding grounds in the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska, and resighted each spring and fall, 1988-92, at staging areas on the Alaska Peninsula. Adult monthly survival rates during overwinter periods (1 Oct-30 Apr) were not different (P = 0.281) among years (</span>Ŝ'<span>= 0.940, SE = 0.009), whereas monthly rates of oversummer (1 May-30 Sep) survival showed annual variation (P = 0.048). However, we constrained oversummer survival to a single estimate of 0.980 (0.010). Monthly survival estimates for juveniles during their first overwinter period did not vary among years (P = 0.999) and was 0.710 (0.018). Subsequent monthly survival for juveniles was 0.943 (0.010), similar to that for adults. We developed an adjustment procedure to account for philopatric behavior of geese and this enabled us to use data for postbanding (1 Aug-30 Sep) periods. Survival estimates were low compared with those for other goose species, particularly for juveniles. We addressed collar loss and heterogeneity in resighting probabilities and felt their contribution to potential model bias was insignificant. Annual survival among adults (Ŝ' = 0.631, SE = 0.023) was not different (P = 0.709) from that observed during 1982-85 (Petersen 1992). The similarity in survival rates in these studies suggests that harvest regimes did not differ between the 2 periods. This suggests that continued subsistence harvest has contributed to persistent low population levels in emperor geese.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3809325","usgsCitation":"Schmutz, J.A., Cantor, S.E., and Petersen, M.R., 1994, Seasonal and annual survival of emperor geese: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 58, no. 3, p. 525-535, https://doi.org/10.2307/3809325.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"525","endPage":"535","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336902,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","volume":"58","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58be8340e4b014cc3a3a9a23","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmutz, Joel A. 0000-0002-6516-0836 jschmutz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-0836","contributorId":1805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmutz","given":"Joel","email":"jschmutz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cantor, Susan E.","contributorId":187555,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cantor","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Petersen, Margaret R. 0000-0001-6082-3189 mrpetersen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6082-3189","contributorId":167729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petersen","given":"Margaret","email":"mrpetersen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70187029,"text":"70187029 - 1994 - Terrestrial remote sensing science and algorithms planned for EOS/MODIS","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-20T11:05:16","indexId":"70187029","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2068,"text":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Terrestrial remote sensing science and algorithms planned for EOS/MODIS","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) will be the primary daily global monitoring sensor on the NASA Earth Observing System (EOS) satellites, scheduled for launch on the EOS-AM platform in June 1998 and the EOS-PM platform in December 2000. MODIS is a 36 channel radiometer covering 0·415-14·235 μm wavelengths, with spatial resolution from 250 m to 1 km at nadir. MODIS will be the primary EOS sensor for providing data on terrestrial biospheric dynamics and process activity. This paper presents the suite of global land products currently planned for EOSDIS implementation, to be developed by the authors of this paper, the MODIS land team (MODLAND). These include spectral albedo, land cover, spectral vegetation indices, snow and ice cover, surface temperature and fire, and a number of biophysical variables that will allow computation of global carbon cycles, hydrologic balances and biogeochemistry of critical greenhouse gases. Additionally, the regular global coverage of these variables will allow accurate surface change detection, a fundamental determinant of global change.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/01431169408954346","usgsCitation":"Running, S., Justice, C., Salomonson, V., Hall, D., Barker, J., Kaufmann, Y.J., Strahler, A.H., Huete, A., Muller, J., Vanderbilt, V., Wan, Z., Teillet, P., and Carneggie, D.M., 1994, Terrestrial remote sensing science and algorithms planned for EOS/MODIS: International Journal of Remote Sensing, v. 15, no. 17, p. 3587-3620, https://doi.org/10.1080/01431169408954346.","productDescription":"34 p.","startPage":"3587","endPage":"3620","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340021,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"17","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-05-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58f9c8dbe4b0b7ea54524115","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Running, S. W.","contributorId":52505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Running","given":"S. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":691977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Justice, C.O.","contributorId":36450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Justice","given":"C.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":691978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Salomonson, V.V.","contributorId":61968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Salomonson","given":"V.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":691979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hall, D.","contributorId":55620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hall","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":691980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Barker, J.","contributorId":191140,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barker","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":691981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kaufmann, Y. J.","contributorId":191141,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kaufmann","given":"Y.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":691982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Strahler, Alan H.","contributorId":149539,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Strahler","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":691983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Huete, A.R.","contributorId":54401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huete","given":"A.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":691984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Muller, Jan-Peter","contributorId":26882,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muller","given":"Jan-Peter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":691985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Vanderbilt, V.","contributorId":191142,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vanderbilt","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":691986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Wan, Z.","contributorId":28797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wan","given":"Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":691987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Teillet, P.","contributorId":191143,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Teillet","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":691988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Carneggie, David M. Geological Survey Ohlen Donald O. Donald O.","contributorId":119185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carneggie","given":"David","suffix":"Donald O.","email":"","middleInitial":"M. Geological Survey Ohlen Donald O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":691989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}}
,{"id":1008447,"text":"1008447 - 1994 - Geographic distribution: Leiocephalus carinatus virescens (Exuma Islands Curlytail Lizard)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:36","indexId":"1008447","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1898,"text":"Herpetological Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geographic distribution: Leiocephalus carinatus virescens (Exuma Islands Curlytail Lizard)","docAbstract":"Abstract not supplied at this time","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Herpetological Review","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Franz, R., and Dodd, C., 1994, Geographic distribution: Leiocephalus carinatus virescens (Exuma Islands Curlytail Lizard): Herpetological Review, v. 25.","productDescription":"p. 165","startPage":"165","numberOfPages":"165","costCenters":[{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132942,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ce4b07f02db6a93f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Franz, R.","contributorId":93850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franz","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dodd, C.K. Jr.","contributorId":86286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dodd","given":"C.K.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1008450,"text":"1008450 - 1994 - Sirenian status and conservation efforts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:36","indexId":"1008450","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":869,"text":"Aquatic Mammals","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sirenian status and conservation efforts","docAbstract":"Abstract not supplied at this time","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Aquatic Mammals","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Marsh, H., and Lefebvre, L., 1994, Sirenian status and conservation efforts: Aquatic Mammals, v. 20, no. 3, p. 155-170.","productDescription":"p. 155-170","startPage":"155","endPage":"170","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132944,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db686427","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Marsh, H.","contributorId":43308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marsh","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lefebvre, L.W.","contributorId":78268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lefebvre","given":"L.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":85402,"text":"85402 - 1994 - Population analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:00","indexId":"85402","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Population analysis","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Research and Management Techniques for Wildlife and Habitats","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","publisherLocation":"Bethesda, MD","usgsCitation":"Johnson, D.H., 1994, Population analysis, chap. <i>of</i> Research and Management Techniques for Wildlife and Habitats, p. 419-444.","productDescription":"p. 419-444","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":127749,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad6e4b07f02db6842ec","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Bookhout, Theodore A.","contributorId":112449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bookhout","given":"Theodore","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":504500,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Douglas H. 0000-0002-7778-6641","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7778-6641","contributorId":70327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":296035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70016975,"text":"70016975 - 1994 - Geochemistry of thermal fluids on the volcanic isle of Pantelleria, southern Italy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-13T12:43:28.533038","indexId":"70016975","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemistry of thermal fluids on the volcanic isle of Pantelleria, southern Italy","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-gulliver text-s\"><div id=\"ab1\" class=\"abstract author\" lang=\"en\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id8\"><p>Chemical analyses of thermal springs and gas emissions on the volcanic island of Pantelleria, southern Italy, suggest the presence, at depth, of a Na<img src=\"https://sdfestaticassets-us-east-1.sciencedirectassets.com/shared-assets/55/entities/sbnd.gif\" alt=\"single bond\" data-mce-src=\"https://sdfestaticassets-us-east-1.sciencedirectassets.com/shared-assets/55/entities/sbnd.gif\">Cl thermal aquifer near 100°C; 80–90% of the water in this aquifer is fed by rainfall and the remainder of the mixture is seawater. Chemical analyses of the gas emissions reveal that below this shallow aquifer, a deeper hydrothermal degassing system (150°C) may exist. Rising CO<sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>causes alterations of the upper aquifer host rocks (mostly pantellerites), favors formation of Na<img src=\"https://sdfestaticassets-us-east-1.sciencedirectassets.com/shared-assets/55/entities/sbnd.gif\" alt=\"single bond\" data-mce-src=\"https://sdfestaticassets-us-east-1.sciencedirectassets.com/shared-assets/55/entities/sbnd.gif\">HCO<sub>3</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>type waters, and causes eventual rpecipitation of CaCO<sub>3</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>and coprecipitation of MgCO<sub>3</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>and silica. Comparison of the present chemical data with older data from the literature suggests that the shallow Pantelleria thermal aquifer has increased in salinity and decreased in temperature during the last 25 a. Both effects were apparently caused by increased flow of recent seawater into the system because of increased ground water abstraction in the northern part of the island.</p></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0883-2927(94)90004-3","issn":"08832927","usgsCitation":"Duchi, V., Campana, M., Minissale, A., and Thompson, M., 1994, Geochemistry of thermal fluids on the volcanic isle of Pantelleria, southern Italy: Applied Geochemistry, v. 9, no. 2, p. 147-160, https://doi.org/10.1016/0883-2927(94)90004-3.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"147","endPage":"160","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224763,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Italy","otherGeospatial":"Isle of Pantelleria","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              11.803616368748976,\n              36.89526962111347\n            ],\n            [\n              11.803616368748976,\n              36.684200875675245\n            ],\n            [\n              12.149538798249978,\n              36.684200875675245\n            ],\n            [\n              12.149538798249978,\n              36.89526962111347\n            ],\n            [\n              11.803616368748976,\n              36.89526962111347\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"9","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1723e4b0c8380cd553c6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Duchi, V.","contributorId":74885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duchi","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Campana, M.E.","contributorId":74146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campana","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Minissale, A.","contributorId":94441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minissale","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thompson, M.","contributorId":108218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70016974,"text":"70016974 - 1994 - Relationships between atmospheric circulation and snowpack in the Gunnison River basin, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-23T11:13:56.599054","indexId":"70016974","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relationships between atmospheric circulation and snowpack in the Gunnison River basin, Colorado","docAbstract":"<div id=\"preview-section-abstract\"><div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-id3\" class=\"abstract author\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id4\"><div class=\"u-margin-s-bottom\">In this study, winter mean 700 mbar height anomalies over the eastern North Pacific Ocean and the western USA are related to variability in snowpack accumulations measured on or about 1 April at 21 snowcourse stations within and near the Gunnison River basin in Colorado. Results indicate that lower than normal snowpack accumulations are primarily associated with positive 700 mbar height anomalies (anomalous anticyclonic circulation) over the western USA. Moist air from the Pacific Ocean is moved to the north of the western USA along the western margin of the anomalous anticyclonic circulation. In contrast, higher than normal snowpack accumulations are associated with negative 700 mbar height anomalies (anomalous cyclonic circulation) over the western USA and over most of the eastern North Pacific Ocean. The anomalous cyclonic circulation over the western USA enhances the movement of moisture from the Pacific Ocean into the southern and central parts of the West.</div><div class=\"u-margin-s-bottom\"><br data-mce-bogus=\"1\"></div><div class=\"u-margin-s-bottom\">Results also indicate that variability in winter mean 700 mbar height anomalies can explain over 50% of the variability in snowpack accumulations in the Gunnison River basin. The significant linear relationships between 700 mbar height anomalies and snowpack accumulations in the Gunnison River basin can be used in conjunction with general circulation model simulations of 700 mbar height anomalies for future climatic conditions to estimate future snowpack accumulations in the Gunnison River basin.</div></div></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0022-1694(94)90103-1","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"McCabe, G.J., 1994, Relationships between atmospheric circulation and snowpack in the Gunnison River basin, Colorado: Journal of Hydrology, v. 157, no. 1-4, p. 157-175, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(94)90103-1.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"157","endPage":"175","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224715,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"157","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a793e4b0e8fec6cdc4ec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCabe, G. J. Jr.","contributorId":77551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCabe","given":"G.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":59825,"text":"mf2263E - 1994 - Principal reference section for part of the Eocene Ghazij Formation, Sarawan River area, Johan coal field, Balochistan, Pakistan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-01T12:50:54","indexId":"mf2263E","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2263","chapter":"E","title":"Principal reference section for part of the Eocene Ghazij Formation, Sarawan River area, Johan coal field, Balochistan, Pakistan","docAbstract":"<p>The information presented on this sheet was collected as part of a joint U.S. Geological Survey-Geological Survey of Pakistan program sponsored by the U.S. Agency for International Development. As a project within this program, the coal-bearing Ghazij Formation (Eocene) was investigated in the northeastern part of Balochistan cast and south of the provincial capital of Quetta. Strata exposed in this area range in age from Permian to Holocene and crop out as a belt of folded and thrusted rocks that form a southeast-facing orocline. In this region of Pakistan, the Ghazij can usually be divided into three parts. The lower part is the thickest (probably more than 1,000 m) and consists of gray-weathering calcareous mudrock (shale, mudstone, and impure claystone) and a few tabular bodies of fine-to medium-grained calcareous sandstone. The middle part (27-300 m) consists of gray-weathering calcareous mudrock and tabular to lenticular bodies of fine-to medium-grained calcareous sandstone; beds of carbonaceous shale and coal are common. The upper part (as thick as 533 m) contains reddish-weathering calcareous mudrock that contains scattered lenticular bodies of fine- to medium-grained calcareous sandstone. Fossil plant debris is common in mudrock of the lower and middle parts of the Ghazij, and bivalves and gastropods are common in the middle part; the upper part of the Ghazij is usually unfossiliferous. This three-fold division of the Ghazij is less distinct in the Johan area. Here, the upper part of the formation is clearly identifiable, but rocks below it are poorly exposed and assigning a stratigraphic level that separates the middle and lower parts of the formation is problematic. Below the upper part of the formation is a thick sequence of greenish-gray calcareous mudrock that contains locally abundant plant debris and isolated bodies of brown-weathering sandstone. Rare carbonaceous shale and even rarer coal are present in the upper part of this sequence, and this interval of the formation might correspond to the middle part of the Ghazji exposed in areas to the north. We propose that, in the Johan area, those rocks below the upper part of the formation be referred to as the main body of the Ghazij (for example, main-body Ghazij). Underlying the Ghazij are the carbonate rocks of the Paleocene Dungan Formation (or its equivalent), and overlying the Ghazij are the mostly carbonate rocks of the Eocene Kirthar Formation (or its equivalent). Both contacts can be conformable or unconformable. All of the pre-Neogene rocks in Balochistan are greatly deformed by the collision of India and Asia. The Ghazij is especially susceptible to regional compressional tectonics because it contains a large amount of shale and is sandwiched between two thick carbonate units. As a result, bedding-plane faults and isoclinal folds are common. As part of our study of the Ghazij Formation, five stratigraphic sections were measured: one near Pir Ismail Ziarat, one in the Sor Range, two in the vicinity of Mach, and one near Johan. Each area's section is published separately.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/mf2263E","usgsCitation":"Johnson, E.A., Warwick, P.D., Khan, I.H., Rana, A.N., and Kazim, M.A., 1994, Principal reference section for part of the Eocene Ghazij Formation, Sarawan River area, Johan coal field, Balochistan, Pakistan: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2263, Report Cover: 1 p.; Map: 38.79 x 54.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2263E.","productDescription":"Report Cover: 1 p.; Map: 38.79 x 54.00 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":114753,"rank":300,"type":{"id":8,"text":"Cover"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1994/2263e/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":114754,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1994/2263e/plate-1.pdf","text":"Map","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":183752,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1994/2263e/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"0","country":"Pakistan","state":"Balochistan","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa7e4b07f02db667185","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Edward A. ejohnson@usgs.gov","contributorId":50836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Edward","email":"ejohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":262671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Warwick, Peter D. 0000-0002-3152-7783 pwarwick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3152-7783","contributorId":762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warwick","given":"Peter","email":"pwarwick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":262669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Khan, Intizar H.","contributorId":69536,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Khan","given":"Intizar","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":16954,"text":"Geological Survey of Pakistan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":262670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rana, Asif N.","contributorId":46613,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rana","given":"Asif","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":16954,"text":"Geological Survey of Pakistan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":262668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kazim, Mohsin A.","contributorId":21635,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kazim","given":"Mohsin","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":16954,"text":"Geological Survey of Pakistan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":262667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":16793,"text":"ofr94182C - 1994 - Analytical data for stream sediment, heavy-mineral concentrate, and outcrop samples, Sur Medio region, departments of Ica, Ayacucho, and Huancavelica, Peru","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-18T07:40:51","indexId":"ofr94182C","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-182","chapter":"C","title":"Analytical data for stream sediment, heavy-mineral concentrate, and outcrop samples, Sur Medio region, departments of Ica, Ayacucho, and Huancavelica, Peru","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr94182C","collaboration":"The USGS does not support this software or technical questions for the software associated with the publication.","usgsCitation":"Learned, R.E., Long, K.R., Turner, R.L., Rios, C.C., and Rodriguez, J.C., 1994, Analytical data for stream sediment, heavy-mineral concentrate, and outcrop samples, Sur Medio region, departments of Ica, Ayacucho, and Huancavelica, Peru: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-182, 1 computer disk ;3.5 in., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr94182C.","productDescription":"1 computer disk ;3.5 in.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":148629,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":277771,"type":{"id":4,"text":"Application Site"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0182c/application.zip"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acee4b07f02db67fd16","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Learned, Robert Eugene","contributorId":11627,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Learned","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"Eugene","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":173623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Long, K. R.","contributorId":94658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":173625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Turner, R. L.","contributorId":93903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turner","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":173624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rios, Cesar C.","contributorId":8866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rios","given":"Cesar","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":173622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rodriguez, Joe C.","contributorId":106512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodriguez","given":"Joe","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":173626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":47110,"text":"ofr88629 - 1994 - Geologic map of the Circle SW Quadrangle, McCone County, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:47","indexId":"ofr88629","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-629","title":"Geologic map of the Circle SW Quadrangle, McCone County, Montana","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr88629","usgsCitation":"Colton, R.B., McGraw, J.P., and Durst, S., 1994, Geologic map of the Circle SW Quadrangle, McCone County, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 88-629, 1 map :photocopy ;58 x 40 cm., on sheet 77 x 61 cm., folded to 24 x 19 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr88629.","productDescription":"1 map :photocopy ;58 x 40 cm., on sheet 77 x 61 cm., folded to 24 x 19 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":108769,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_17512.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"17512"},{"id":172156,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":84135,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0629/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b0ae4b07f02db69caf5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Colton, Roger B.","contributorId":17967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colton","given":"Roger","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":234650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGraw, J. P.","contributorId":68283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGraw","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":234651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Durst, S.L.","contributorId":6788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Durst","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":234649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":59122,"text":"mf2269 - 1994 - Bathymetry of the west-central slope of the island of Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-10T20:22:12.259026","indexId":"mf2269","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2269","title":"Bathymetry of the west-central slope of the island of Hawaii","docAbstract":"This map shows the topography of a small part of the subaerial western part of the Island of Hawaii as well as modern multibeam bathymetry of the west submarine flank, which covers a total area of about 8,500 km<sup>2</sup> ( see index map). The map area includes part of the submerged flanks of the active Mauna Loa and Hualalai Volcanoes, which last erupted in 1984 and 1801 respectively. The steep and irregular submarine slope is shaped by several giant submarine landslides. They were first identified during surveys from the U.S. Geological Survey research vessel S.P. Lee in 1976 and 1978 (Normark and others, 1979) and later mapped in more detail during a swath-sonar survey (GLORIA) of the United States Hawaiian Exclusive Economic Zone in 1986 to 1991 (Lipman and others, 1988; Moore and others, 1989) as part of a cooperative venture of the U.S. Geological Survey and the British Institute of Oceanographic Sciences.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/mf2269","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Geological Survey--National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Joint Office for Mapping and Research","usgsCitation":"Chadwick, W.W., Moore, J.G., and Fox, C.G., 1994, Bathymetry of the west-central slope of the island of Hawaii: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2269, 1 Plate: 29.95 x 40.82 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2269.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 29.95 x 40.82 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":490327,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_5890.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":183762,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/mf2269.jpg"},{"id":284468,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2269/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"150000","projection":"Mercator projection","country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -156.8,19.2 ], [ -156.8,20.0 ], [ -155.9,20.0 ], [ -155.9,19.2 ], [ -156.8,19.2 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4ef6e4b0b290850f269b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chadwick, William W.","contributorId":77042,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chadwick","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":261465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moore, James G. 0000-0002-7543-2401 jmoore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7543-2401","contributorId":2892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"James","email":"jmoore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":261464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fox, Christopher G.","contributorId":86257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fox","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":261466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":47109,"text":"ofr88630 - 1994 - Geologic map of the Circle Quadrangle, McCone County, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:47","indexId":"ofr88630","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-630","title":"Geologic map of the Circle Quadrangle, McCone County, Montana","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr88630","usgsCitation":"Colton, R.B., McGraw, J.P., and Durst, S., 1994, Geologic map of the Circle Quadrangle, McCone County, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 88-630, 1 map :photocopy ;58 x 40 cm., on sheet 77 x 61 cm., folded to 24 x 19 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr88630.","productDescription":"1 map :photocopy ;58 x 40 cm., on sheet 77 x 61 cm., folded to 24 x 19 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":108770,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_17513.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"17513"},{"id":172155,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":84134,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0630/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b0ae4b07f02db69cb5c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Colton, Roger B.","contributorId":17967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colton","given":"Roger","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":234647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGraw, J. P.","contributorId":68283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGraw","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":234648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Durst, S.L.","contributorId":6788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Durst","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":234646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":17085,"text":"ofr93665 - 1994 - Effects of management alternatives on the shallow, saline ground water in the western San Joaquin Valley, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:10","indexId":"ofr93665","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-665","title":"Effects of management alternatives on the shallow, saline ground water in the western San Joaquin Valley, California","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr93665","usgsCitation":"Barlow, P.M., Wagner, B., Belitz, K., and Fio, J., 1994, Effects of management alternatives on the shallow, saline ground water in the western San Joaquin Valley, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 93-665, 2 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr93665.","productDescription":"2 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":148294,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0665/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":46210,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0665/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db611c55","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barlow, P. M.","contributorId":63022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barlow","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":174872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wagner, B.J.","contributorId":18012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"B.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":174869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Belitz, K.R. 0000-0003-4481-2345","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4481-2345","contributorId":38992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belitz","given":"K.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":174870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fio, J.L.","contributorId":56662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fio","given":"J.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":174871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
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