Kings Bay, Florida, is one of the most important natural winter habitat locations for the federally threatened Trichechus manatus latirostris (Florida manatee). Crystal River National Wildlife Refuge was established in 1983 specifically to provide protection for manatees and their critical habitat. To aid managers at the refuge and other agencies with this task, spatial analyses of local habitat use locations and travel corridors of manatees in Kings Bay during manatee season (November 15–March 31) are presented based on Global Positioning System telemetry of 41 manatees over a 12-year timespan (2006−18). Local habitat use areas and travel corridors differed spatially when Gulf of Mexico water temperatures were cold (less than or equal to 17 degrees Celsius) versus when they were warm (greater than 17 degrees Celsius). During times of cold water, manatees were found in higher concentrations in the main springs and canals throughout the eastern side of the bay, whereas when waters were warm, they were found more generally throughout the bay and into Crystal River, except for the central open part of the bay and the southwest corner.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181051","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management","usgsCitation":"Slone, D.H., Butler, S.M., and Reid, J.P., 2018, Movements and habitat use locations of manatees within Kings Bay Florida during the Crystal River National Wildlife Refuge winter season (November 15–March 31): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018–1051, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181051.","productDescription":"iv, 11 p.","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-096292","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":353049,"rank":3,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20171146","text":"Open-File Report 2017-1146","linkHelpText":"Timing of warm water refuge use in Crystal River National Wildlife Refuge by manatees—Results and insights from Global Positioning System telemetry data"},{"id":353037,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1051/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":353038,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1051/ofr20181051.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.92 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018–1051"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Kings Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.62,\n 28.9\n ],\n [\n -82.58,\n 28.9\n ],\n [\n -82.58,\n 28.875\n ],\n [\n -82.62,\n 28.875\n ],\n [\n -82.62,\n 28.9\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Wetland and Aquatic Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
7920 NW 71 Street
Gainesville, FL 32653
Fisheries and water managers often use population models to aid in understanding the effect of alternative water management or restoration actions on anadromous fish populations. We developed the Stream Salmonid Simulator (S3) to help resource managers evaluate the effect of management alternatives on juvenile salmonid populations. S3 is a deterministic stage-structured population model that tracks daily growth, movement, and survival of juvenile salmon. A key theme of the model is that river flow affects habitat availability and capacity, which in turn drives density dependent population dynamics. To explicitly link population dynamics to habitat quality and quantity, the river environment is constructed as a one-dimensional series of linked habitat units, each of which has an associated daily time series of discharge, water temperature, and usable habitat area or carrying capacity. The physical characteristics of each habitat unit and the number of fish occupying each unit, in turn, drive survival and growth within each habitat unit and movement of fish among habitat units.
The purpose of this report is to outline the underlying general structure of the S3 model that is common among different applications of the model. We have developed applications of the S3 model for juvenile fall Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in the lower Klamath River. Thus, this report is a companion to current application of the S3 model to the Trinity River (in review). The general S3 model structure provides a biological and physical framework for the salmonid freshwater life cycle. This framework captures important demographics of juvenile salmonids aimed at translating management alternatives into simulated population responses. Although the S3 model is built on this common framework, the model has been constructed to allow much flexibility in application of the model to specific river systems. The ability for practitioners to include system-specific information for the physical stream structure, survival, growth, and movement processes ensures that simulations provide results that are relevant to the questions asked about the population under study.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181056","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Perry, R.W., Plumb, J.M., Jones, E.C., Som, N.A., Hetrick, N.J., and Hardy, T.B., 2018, Model structure of the stream salmonid simulator (S3)—A dynamic model for simulating growth, movement, and survival of juvenile salmonids: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018-1056, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181056.","productDescription":"iv, 32 p.","numberOfPages":"40","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-092781","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":353225,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1056/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":353226,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1056/ofr20181056.pdf","text":"Report","size":"971 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1056"}],"contact":"Director, Western Fisheries Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6505 NE 65th Street
Seattle, Washington 98115
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) conducted a program of bedrock geologic mapping in much of the central and western Upper Peninsula of Michigan from the 1940s until the late 1990s. Geologic studies in this region are hampered by a scarcity of bedrock exposures because of a nearly continuous blanket of unconsolidated sediments resulting from glaciation of the region during the Pleistocene ice ages. The USGS mapping, done largely at a scale of 1:24,000, routinely recorded the location and extent of exposed bedrock to provide both an indication of where direct observations were made and a guide for future investigations to expedite location of observable rock exposures. The locations of outcrops were generally shown as colored or patterned overlays on printed geologic maps. Although those maps have been scanned and are available as Portable Document Format (PDF) files, no further digital portrayal of the outcrops had been done. We have conducted a prototype study of digitizing and improving locational accuracy of the outcrop locations in parts of Dickinson County, Michigan, to form a data layer that can be used with other data layers in geographic information system applications.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181042","usgsCitation":"Cannon, W.F., Schulte, Ruth, and Bickerstaff, Damon, 2018, Digital representation of exposures of Precambrian bedrock in parts of Dickinson and Iron Counties, Michigan, and Florence and Marinette Counties, Wisconsin: \nU.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018–1042, 3 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181042.","productDescription":"Report: 3 p.; Data release","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-091916","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352778,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1042/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":352779,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1042/ofr20181042.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1042"},{"id":352780,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7SJ1JH0","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan, Wisconsin","county":"Dickinson County, Florence County, Iron County, Marinette County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.1333,\n 45.75\n ],\n [\n -87.7,\n 45.75\n ],\n [\n -87.7,\n 46.1\n ],\n [\n -88.1333,\n 46.1\n ],\n [\n -88.1333,\n 45.75\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Mail Stop 954
Reston, VA 20192
The Nation’s eastern coast is fringed by beaches, dunes, barrier islands, wetlands, and bluffs. These natural coastal barriers provide critical benefits and services, and can mitigate the impact of storms, erosion, and sea-level rise on our coastal communities. Waves and storm surge resulting from Hurricane Sandy, which made landfall along the New Jersey coast on October 29, 2012, impacted the U.S. coastline from North Carolina to Massachusetts, including Assateague Island, Maryland and Virginia, and the Delmarva coastal system. The storm impacts included changes in topography, coastal morphology, geology, hydrology, environmental quality, and ecosystems.
In the immediate aftermath of the storm, light detection and ranging (lidar) surveys from North Carolina to New York documented storm impacts to coastal barriers, providing a baseline to assess vulnerability of the reconfigured coast. The focus of much of the existing coastal change assessment is along the ocean-facing coastline; however, much of the coastline affected by Hurricane Sandy includes the estuarine-facing coastlines of barrier-island systems. Specifically, the wetland and back-barrier shorelines experienced substantial change as a result of wave action and storm surge that occurred during Hurricane Sandy (see also USGS photograph, http://coastal.er.usgs.gov/hurricanes/sandy/photo-comparisons/virginia.php). Assessing physical shoreline and wetland change (land loss as well as land gains) can help to determine the resiliency of wetland systems that protect adjacent habitat, shorelines, and communities.
To address storm impacts to wetlands, a vulnerability assessment should describe both long-term (for example, several decades) and short-term (for example, Sandy’s landfall) extent and character of the interior wetlands and the back-barrier-shoreline changes. The objective of this report is to describe several new wetland vulnerability assessments based on the detailed physical changes estimated from observations. The scope includes understanding changes caused by both short- and long-term processes using both remotely sensed and in situ observations to characterize changes to the wetland in terms of accretion/expansion and erosion/contraction. Accretion may be due to net vertical and (or) horizontal deposition, including estuarine-shoreline change due to overwash. Wetland erosion may be due to elevated waves and water levels in the estuary itself. We included additional information based on wave runup and storm-surge elevations based on models and elevation data. We then developed a predictive assessment for wetland vulnerability that describes the likelihood of changes of the estuarine shoreline and the landward extent of sand overwash driven by processes occurring on the ocean-facing shoreline. This assessment is intended to be linked to the beach and dune vulnerability assessments that have been developed previously.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20171157","usgsCitation":"Plant, N.G., Smith, K.E.L., Passeri, D.L., Smith, C.G., and Bernier, J.C., 2018, Barrier-island and estuarine-wetland physical-change assessment after Hurricane Sandy: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2017–1157, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20171157.","productDescription":"viii, 36 p.","numberOfPages":"45","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-073468","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":353051,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1157/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":353052,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1157/ofr20171157.pdf","text":"Report","size":"7.19 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2017-1157"}],"contact":"Director, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
600 4th Street South
St. Petersburg, FL 33701
A multi-year evaluation was conducted during 2010–16 to evaluate passage survival of juvenile steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss), Chinook salmon (O. tshawytscha), and coho salmon (O. kisutch) in Lake Scanewa, and at Cowlitz Falls Dam in the upper Cowlitz River Basin, Washington. Reservoir passage survival was evaluated in 2010, 2011, and 2016, and included the tagging and release of 1,127 juvenile salmonids. Tagged fish were released directly into the Cowlitz and Cispus Rivers, 22.3 and 8.9 km, respectively, upstream of the reservoir, and were monitored as they moved downstream into, and through the reservoir. A single release-recapture survival model was used to analyze detection records and estimate reservoir passage survival, which was defined as successful passage from reservoir entry to arrival at Cowlitz Falls Dam. Tagged fish generally moved quickly downstream of the release sites and, on average, arrived in the dam forebay within 2 d of release. Median travel time from release to first detection at the dam ranged from 0.23 to 0.96 d for juvenile steelhead, from 0.15 to 1.11 d for juvenile coho salmon, and from 0.18 to 1.89 d for juvenile Chinook salmon. Minimum reservoir passage survival probabilities were 0.960 for steelhead, 0.855 for coho salmon and 0.900 for Chinook salmon.
Dam passage survival was evaluated at the pilot-study level during 2013–16 and included the tagging and release of 2,512 juvenile salmonids. Juvenile Chinook salmon were evaluated during 2013–14, and juvenile steelhead and coho salmon were evaluated during 2015–16. A paired-release study design was used that included release sites located upstream and downstream of Cowlitz Falls Dam. The downstream release site was positioned at the downstream margin of the dam’s tailrace, which allowed dam passage survival to be measured in a manner that included mortality that occurred in the passage route and in the dam tailrace. More than one-half of the tagged Chinook salmon (52 percent) released upstream of Cowlitz Falls Dam moved downstream and passed the project; the remaining fish either remained upstream of the dam (37 percent) or were collected (11 percent). In 2015 and 2016, collection efficiencies at Cowlitz Falls Dam were abnormally high for juvenile steelhead and coho salmon, which resulted in few fish passing the dam. Seven percent of the tagged steelhead (40 fish) and 4 percent of the tagged coho salmon (18 fish) released upstream of the dam eventually passed the project, but these low numbers of fish precluded the estimation of meaningful survival estimates. Dam passage survival probability estimates for juvenile Chinook salmon were 0.828 in 2013 and 0.861 in 2014, lower than previously reported for turbine-specific passage Cowlitz Falls Dam.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181050","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Lewis County Public Utility District, Washington","usgsCitation":"Liedtke, T.L., Kock, T.J., and Hurst, W., 2018, Passage survival of juvenile steelhead, coho salmon, and Chinook salmon in Lake Scanewa and at Cowlitz Falls Dam, Cowlitz River, Washington, 2010–16: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018-1050, 44 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181050.","productDescription":"viii, 44 p.","numberOfPages":"56","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-094272","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":353112,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1050/ofr20181050.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1050"},{"id":353111,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1050/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Cowlitz Falls Dam, Cowlitz River, Lake Scanewa","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.1844482421875,\n 46.42129253514276\n ],\n [\n -121.94549560546875,\n 46.42129253514276\n ],\n [\n -121.94549560546875,\n 46.53477563383562\n ],\n [\n -122.1844482421875,\n 46.53477563383562\n ],\n [\n -122.1844482421875,\n 46.42129253514276\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Western Fisheries Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6505 NE 65th Street
Seattle, Washington 98115
The aim of the South Bay Salt Pond Restoration Project (hereinafter “Project”) is to restore 50–90 percent of former salt evaporation ponds to tidal marsh in San Francisco Bay (SFB). However, hundreds of thousands of waterbirds use these ponds over winter and during fall and spring migration. To ensure that existing waterbird populations are supported while tidal marsh is restored in the Project area, managers plan to enhance the habitat suitability of ponds by adding islands and berms to change pond topography, manipulating water salinity and depth, and selecting appropriate ponds to maintain for birds. To help inform these actions, we used 13 years of monthly (October–April) bird abundance data from Project ponds to (1) assess trends in waterbird abundance since the inception of the Project, and (2) evaluate which pond habitat characteristics were associated with highest abundances of different avian guilds and species. For comparison, we also evaluated waterbird abundance trends in active salt production ponds using 10 years of monthly survey data.
We assessed bird guild and species abundance trends through time, and created separate trend curves for Project and salt production ponds using data from every pond that was counted in a year. We divided abundance data into three seasons—fall (October–November), winter (December–February), and spring (March–April). We used the resulting curves to assess which periods had the highest bird abundance and to identify increasing or decreasing trends for each guild and species.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181040","usgsCitation":"De La Cruz, S.E.W., Smith, L.M., Moskal, S.M., Strong, C., Krause, J., Wang, Y., and Takekawa, J.Y., 2018, Trends and habitat associations of waterbirds using the South Bay Salt Pond Restoration Project, San Francisco Bay, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018–1040, 136 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181040.","productDescription":"viii, 136 p.","numberOfPages":"148","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-080192","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":353069,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1040/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":353070,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1040/ofr20181040.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6.6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1040"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"South San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.20642089843749,\n 37.406164630829345\n ],\n [\n -121.90704345703124,\n 37.406164630829345\n ],\n [\n -121.90704345703124,\n 37.645771969647\n ],\n [\n -122.20642089843749,\n 37.645771969647\n ],\n [\n -122.20642089843749,\n 37.406164630829345\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Western Ecological Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3020 State University Drive East
Sacramento, California 95819
The South Bay Salt Pond Restoration Project (Project) is one of the largest restoration efforts in the United States. It is located in South San Francisco Bay of California. It is unique not only for its size—more than 15,000 acres—but also for its location adjacent to one of the nation’s largest urban areas, home to more than 4 million people (Alameda, Santa Clara, and San Mateo Counties). The Project is intended to restore and enhance wetlands in South San Francisco Bay while providing for flood management, wildlife-oriented public access, and recreation. Restoration goals of the project are to provide a mosaic of saltmarsh habitat to benefit marsh species and managed ponds to benefit waterbirds, throughout 3 complexes and 54 former salt ponds.
Although much is known about the project area, significant uncertainties remain with a project of this geographic and temporal scale of an estimated 50 years to complete the restoration. For example, in order to convert anywhere from 50 to 90 percent of the existing managed ponds to saltmarsh habitat, conservation managers first enhance the habitat of managed ponds in order to increase use by waterbirds, and provide migratory, wintering, and nesting habitat for more than 90 species of waterbirds. Project managers have concluded that the best way to address these uncertainties is to carefully implement the project in phases and learn from the outcome of each phase. The Adaptive Management Plan (AMP) identifies specific restoration targets for multiple aspects of the Project and defines triggers that would necessitate some type of management action if a particular aspect is trending negatively. U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) biologist Laura Valoppi served as the project Lead Scientist and oversaw implementation of the AMP in coordination with other members of the Project Management Team (PMT), comprised of representatives from the California State Coastal Conservancy, California Department of Fish and Wildlife, the Santa Clara Valley Water District, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
To implement the AMP, the PMT have selected and funded applied studies and monitoring projects to address key uncertainties. This information is used by the PMT to make decisions about current management of the project area and future restoration actions in order to meet project.
This document summarizes the major scientific findings from studies conducted from 2009 to 2016, as part of the science program that was conducted in conjunction with Phase 1 restoration and management actions. Additionally, this report summarizes the management response to the study results under the guidance of the AMP framework and provides a list of suggested studies to be conducted in “Phase 2–A scorecard summarizing the Project’s progress toward meeting the AMP goals for a range of Project objectives.” The scoring to date indicates that the Project is meeting or exceeding expectations for sediment accretion and western snowy plover (Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus) recovery. There is uncertainty with respect to objectives for California gulls (Larus californicus), California least tern (Sternula antillarum), steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), and regulatory water quality objectives. Water quality and algal blooms, specifically of the managed ponds, is indicated as trending negative. However, the vast majority of objectives are trending positive, including increased abundance for a number of bird guilds, increasing marsh habitat, maintenance of mudflats, visitor experience, estuarine fish numbers, and special-status marsh species numbers.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181039","collaboration":"Prepared for South Bay Salt Pond Restoration Project","usgsCitation":"Valoppi, L., 2018, Phase 1 studies summary of major findings of the South Bay Salt Pond Restoration Project, South San Francisco Bay, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018–1039, 58 p., plus appendixes, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181039.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 58 p.; 3 Appendixes","numberOfPages":"68","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-081943","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":353042,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1039/ofr20181039.pdf","text":"Report","size":"10 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1039"},{"id":353041,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1039/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":353043,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1039/ofr20181039_appendix01.pdf","text":"Appendix 1","size":"401 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1039 Appendix 1"},{"id":353044,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1039/ofr20181039_appendix02.pdf","text":"Appendix 2","size":"265 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1039 Appendix 2"},{"id":353045,"rank":5,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1039/ofr20181039_appendix03.pdf","text":"Appendix 3","size":"216 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1039 Appendix 3"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"South San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.33688354492188,\n 37.36797435878155\n ],\n [\n -121.86309814453124,\n 37.36797435878155\n ],\n [\n -121.86309814453124,\n 37.654470456416256\n ],\n [\n -122.33688354492188,\n 37.654470456416256\n ],\n [\n -122.33688354492188,\n 37.36797435878155\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Western Ecological Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3020 State University Drive East
Sacramento, California 95819
Factors affecting water-quality trends in urban streams are not well understood, despite current regulatory requirements and considerable ongoing investments in gray and green infrastructure. To address this gap, long-term water-quality trends and factors affecting these trends were examined in the Gwynns Falls, Maryland, watershed during 1998–2016 in cooperation with Blue Water Baltimore. Data on water-quality constituents and potential factors of influence were obtained from multiple sources and compiled for analysis, with a focus on data collected as part of the National Science Foundation funded Long-Term Ecological Research project, the Baltimore Ecosystem Study.
Variability in climate (specifically, precipitation) and land cover can overwhelm actions taken to improve water quality and can present challenges for meeting regulatory goals. Analysis of land cover during 2001–11 in the Gwynns Falls watershed indicated minimal change during the study time frame; therefore, land-cover change is likely not a factor affecting trends in water quality. However, a modest increase in annual precipitation and a significant increase in winter precipitation were apparent in the region. A higher proportion of runoff producing storms was observed in the winter and a lower proportion in the summer, indicating that climate change may affect water quality in the watershed. The increase in precipitation was not reflected in annual or seasonal trends of streamflow in the watershed. Nonetheless, these precipitation changes may exacerbate the inflow and infiltration of water to gray infrastructure and reduce the effectiveness of green infrastructure. For streamflow and most water-quality constituents examined, no discernable trends were noted over the timeframe examined. Despite the increases in precipitation, no trends were observed for annual or seasonal discharge at the various sites within the study area. In some locations, nitrate, phosphate, and total nitrogen show downward trends, and total phosphorus and chloride show upward trends.
Sanitary sewer overflows (gray infrastructure) and best management practices (green infrastructure) were identified as factors affecting water-quality change. The duration of sanitary sewer overflows was positively correlated with annual loads of nutrients and bacteria, and the drainage area of best management practices was negatively correlated with annual loads of phosphate and sulfate. Results of the study indicate that continued investments in gray and green infrastructure are necessary for urban water-quality improvement. Although this outcome is not unexpected, long-term datasets such as the one used in this study, allow the effects of gray and green infrastructures to be quantified.
Results of this study have implications for the Gwynns Falls watershed and its residents and Baltimore City and County managers. Moreover, outcomes are relevant to other watersheds in the metropolitan region that do not have the same long-term dataset. Further, this study has established a framework for ongoing statistical analysis of primary factors affecting urban water-quality trends as regulatory programs mature.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181038","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Blue Water Baltimore","usgsCitation":"Majcher, E.H., Woytowitz, E.L., Reisinger, A.J., and Groffman, P.M., 2018, Factors affecting long-term trends in surface-water quality in the Gwynns Falls watershed, Baltimore City and County, Maryland, 1998–2016: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018–1038, 27 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181038.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 27 p.; Data release","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-094705","costCenters":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352999,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1038/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":353000,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1038/ofr20181038.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1038"},{"id":353001,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F76T0KTJ","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Nutrient, bacteria, ammonia, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, & total suspended solids annual loads; green & gray infrastructure; land cover change; & climate data in the Gwynns Falls subwatersheds, Baltimore, Maryland, 1998-2016 "}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","county":"Baltimore County","city":"Baltimore","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.8833,\n 39.5\n ],\n [\n -76.5,\n 39.5\n ],\n [\n -76.5,\n 39.1667\n ],\n [\n -76.8833,\n 39.1667\n ],\n [\n -76.8833,\n 39.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, MD-DE-DC Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
5522 Research Park Drive
Baltimore, MD 21228
A substantial part of the U.S. Pacific Northwest is underlain by Cenozoic volcanic and continental sedimentary rocks and, where widespread, these strata form important aquifers. The legacy geologic mapping presented with this report contains new thematic categorization added to state digital compilations published by the U.S. Geological Survey for Oregon, California, Idaho, Nevada, Utah, and Washington (Ludington and others, 2005). Our additional coding is designed to allow rapid characterization, mainly for hydrogeologic purposes, of similar rocks and deposits within a boundary expanded slightly beyond that of the Pacific Northwest Volcanic Aquifer System study area. To be useful for hydrogeologic analysis and to be more statistically manageable, statewide compilations from Ludington and others (2005) were mosaicked into a regional map and then reinterpreted into four main categories on the basis of (1) age, (2) composition, (3) hydrogeologic grouping, and (4) lithologic pattern. The coding scheme emphasizes Cenozoic volcanic or volcanic-related rocks and deposits, and of primary interest are the codings for composition and age.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181030","usgsCitation":"Sherrod, D.R., and Keith, M.K., 2018, GIS database and discussion for the distribution, composition, and age of Cenozoic volcanic rocks of the Pacific Northwest Volcanic Aquifer System study area: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018–1030, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181030. ","productDescription":"Pamphlet: iv, 16 p.; Spatial data; Metadata; Readme","numberOfPages":"20","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-085785","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":353011,"rank":3,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1030/ofr20181030_readme.txt","size":"2 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"OFR 2018-1030 Read Me"},{"id":353014,"rank":5,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1030/ofr20181030_NVASA_AgeComp_gis.zip","size":"14.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"OFR 2018-1030 GIS"},{"id":353008,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1030/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":353009,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1030/ofr20181030_pamphlet.pdf","text":"Pamphlet","size":"5.3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1030 Pamphlet"},{"id":353013,"rank":4,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1030/ofr20181030_NVASA_AgeComp_metadata.zip","size":"14 KB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"OFR 2018-1030 Metadata"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Pacific Northwest Volcanic Aquifer System","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123,\n 39\n ],\n [\n -113,\n 39\n ],\n [\n -113,\n 47\n ],\n [\n -123,\n 47\n ],\n [\n -123,\n 39\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Volcano Science Center
Cascades Volcano Observatory - Portland
U.S. Geological Survey
1300 SE Cardinal Court
Vancouver, WA, 98683
Water, bed sediment, and biota were sampled in selected streams from Butte to near Missoula, Montana, as part of a monitoring program in the upper Clark Fork Basin of western Montana. The sampling program was led by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, to characterize aquatic resources in the Clark Fork Basin, with emphasis on trace elements associated with historic mining and smelting activities. Sampling sites were on the Clark Fork and selected tributaries. Water samples were collected periodically at 20 sites from October 2015 through September 2016. Bed-sediment and biota samples were collected once at 13 sites during August 2016.
This report presents the analytical results and quality-assurance data for water-quality, bed-sediment, and biota samples collected at sites from October 2015 through September 2016. Water-quality data include concentrations of selected major ions, trace elements, and suspended sediment. Samples for analysis of turbidity were collected at 13 sites, whereas samples for analysis of dissolved organic carbon were collected at 10 sites. In addition, samples for analysis of nitrogen (nitrate plus nitrite) were collected at two sites. Daily values of mean suspended-sediment concentration and suspended-sediment discharge were determined for three sites. Seasonal daily values of turbidity were determined for five sites. Bed-sediment data include trace-element concentrations in the fine-grained (less than 0.063 millimeter) fraction. Biological data include trace-element concentrations in whole-body tissue of aquatic benthic insects. Statistical summaries of water-quality, bed-sediment, and biological data for sites in the upper Clark Fork Basin are provided for the period of record.
","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20171136","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Dodge, K.A., Hornberger, M.I., and Turner, M.A., 2018, Water-quality, bed-sediment, and biological data (October 2015 through September 2016) and statistical summaries of data for streams in the Clark Fork Basin, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2017–1136, 118 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20171136.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 118 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"128","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-089429","costCenters":[{"id":685,"text":"Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352885,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F79C6WDM","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Water-Quality, Bed-Sediment, and Biological Data (October 2015 through September 2016) and Statistical Summaries of Data for Streams in the Clark Fork Basin, Montana"},{"id":352884,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pubs/of/2017/1136/ofr20171136.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.35 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Open-File Report 2017–1136"},{"id":352883,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pubs/of/2017/1136/coverthb2.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Clark Fork Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114,\n 45.85\n ],\n [\n -112.41485595703125,\n 45.85\n ],\n [\n -112.41485595703125,\n 47\n ],\n [\n -114,\n 47\n ],\n [\n -114,\n 45.85\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3162 Bozeman Avenue
Helena, MT 59601
Habitat models using lidar-derived variables that quantify fine-scale variation in vegetation structure can improve the accuracy of occupancy estimates for canopy-dwelling species over models that use variables derived from other remote sensing techniques. However, the ability of models developed at such a fine spatial scale to maintain accuracy at regional or larger spatial scales has not been tested. We tested the transferability of a lidar-based habitat model for the threatened Marbled Murrelet (Brachyramphus marmoratus) between two management districts within a larger regional conservation zone in coastal western Oregon. We compared the performance of the transferred model against models developed with data from the application location. The transferred model had good discrimination (AUC = 0.73) at the application location, and model performance was further improved by fitting the original model with coefficients from the application location dataset (AUC = 0.79). However, the model selection procedure indicated that neither of these transferred models were considered competitive with a model trained on local data. The new model trained on data from the application location resulted in the selection of a slightly different set of lidar metrics from the original model, but both transferred and locally trained models consistently indicated positive relationships between the probability of occupancy and lidar measures of canopy structural complexity. We conclude that while the locally trained model had superior performance for local application, the transferred model could reasonably be applied to the entire conservation zone.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181035","usgsCitation":"Hagar, J.C., Perez, R.A., Haggerty, P., and Hollenbeck, J.P., 2018, Modeling habitat for Marbled Murrelets on the Siuslaw National Forest, Oregon, using lidar data: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018–1035, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181035.","productDescription":"iv, 21 p.","numberOfPages":"30","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-088393","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352857,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1035/ofr20181035.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1035"},{"id":352856,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1035/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Siuslaw National Forest","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.68383789062499,\n 41.9921602333763\n ],\n [\n -123.28857421875,\n 41.9921602333763\n ],\n [\n -123.28857421875,\n 45.62172169252446\n ],\n [\n -124.68383789062499,\n 45.62172169252446\n ],\n [\n -124.68383789062499,\n 41.9921602333763\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
777 NW 9th St., Suite 400
Corvallis, Oregon 97330
Few studies exist on the long-term geomorphic effects of floods. However, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) was able to begin such a study after a 50-year recurrence interval flood in 1978 because 20 channel cross sections along a 100-kilometer reach of river were established in 1975 and 1977 as part of a study for a proposed dam on Powder River in southeastern Montana. These cross-section measurements (data for each channel cross section are available at the USGS ScienceBase website) have been repeated about 30 times during four decades (1975–2016) and provide a unique dataset for understanding long-term changes in channel morphology caused by an extreme flood and a spectrum of annual floods.
Changes in channel morphology of a 100-kilometer reach of Powder River are documented in a series of narratives for each channel cross section that include a time series of photographs as a record of these changes. The primary change during the first decade (1975–85) was the rapid vertical growth of a new inset flood plain within the flood-widened channel. Changes during the second decade (1985–95) were characterized by slower growth of the flood plain, and the effects of ice-jam floods typical of a northward-flowing river. Changes during the third decade (1995–2005) showed little vertical growth of the inset flood plain, which had reached a height that limited overbank deposition. And changes during the final decade (2005–16) covered in this report showed that, because the new inset flood plain had reached a limiting height, the effects of the large annual flood of 2008 (largest flood since 1978) were relatively small compared to smaller floods in previous decades. Throughout these four decades, the riparian vegetation, which interacts with the river, has undergone a gradual but substantial change that may have lasting effects on the channel morphology.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181012","usgsCitation":"Moody, J.A., and Meade, R.H., 2018, Decadal changes in channel morphology of a freely meandering river—Powder River, Montana, 1975–2016: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018–1012, 143 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181012.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 143 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"152","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-090628","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352547,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7TQ5ZRN","text":"USGS Data Release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Channel Cross-section Data for Powder River between Moorhead and Broadus, Montana from 1975 to 2016"},{"id":352545,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1012/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":352546,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1012/ofr20181012.pdf","text":"Report","size":"35.6 MB"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Powder River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.25,\n 45\n ],\n [\n -106,\n 45\n ],\n [\n -106,\n 45.5\n ],\n [\n -105.25,\n 45.5\n ],\n [\n -105.25,\n 45\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Long before landscape photography became common, artists sketched and painted scenes of faraway places for the masses. Throughout the 19th century, scientific expeditions to Hawaiʻi routinely employed artists to depict images for the people back home who had funded the exploration and for those with an interest in the newly discovered lands.
In Hawaiʻi, artists portrayed the broad variety of people, plant and animal life, and landscapes, but a feature of singular interest was the volcanoes. Painters of early Hawaiian volcano landscapes created art that formed a cohesive body of work known as the “Volcano School” (Forbes, 1992).
Jules Tavernier, Charles Furneaux, and D. Howard Hitchcock were probably the best known artists of this school, and their paintings can be found in galleries around the world. Their dramatic paintings were recognized as fine art but were also strong advertisements for tourists to visit Hawaiʻi.
Many of these masterpieces are preserved in the Museum and Archive Collection of Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park, and in this report we have taken the opportunity to match the artwork with the approximate date and volcanological context of the scene.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181027","usgsCitation":"Gaddis, B., and Kauahikaua, J., 2018, Volcano Art at Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park—A Science Perspective: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018–1027, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181027.","productDescription":"iii, 21 p.","numberOfPages":"27","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-091723","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352764,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1027/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":352765,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1027/ofr20181027.pdf","text":"Report","size":"9 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1027"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","otherGeospatial":"Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.76690673828125,\n 19.06471383653978\n ],\n [\n -155.0115966796875,\n 19.06471383653978\n ],\n [\n -155.0115966796875,\n 19.64776095569737\n ],\n [\n -155.76690673828125,\n 19.64776095569737\n ],\n [\n -155.76690673828125,\n 19.06471383653978\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"HVO, Volcano Science Center,
Hawaiian Volcano Observatory
U.S. Geological Survey
P.O. Box 51, 1 Crater Rim Road
Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park, HI 96718-0051
Groundwater provides more than 40 percent of California’s drinking water. To protect this vital resource, the State of California created the Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment (GAMA) Program. The GAMA Program’s Priority Basin Project assesses the quality of groundwater resources used for drinking water supply and increases public access to groundwater-quality information. In the Mokelumne, Cosumnes, and American River Watersheds of the Sierra Nevada, many rural households rely on private wells for their drinking-water supplies.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181047","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the California State Water Resources Control Board","usgsCitation":"Fram, M.S., and Shelton, J.L., 2018, Groundwater quality in the Mokelumne, Cosumnes, and American River Watersheds, Sierra Nevada, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018-1047, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181047.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","ipdsId":"IP-094012","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":437981,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F78G8JXP","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"GROUNDWATER-QUALITY DATA IN THE MOKELUMNE, COSUMNES, AND AMERICAN RIVER WATERSHEDS SHALLOW AQUIFER STUDY UNIT, 2016-2017: RESULTS FROM THE CALIFORNIA GAMA PRIORITY BASIN PROJECT"},{"id":352749,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1047/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":352750,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1047/ofr20181047_.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1047"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sierra Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.25,\n 38.18314846626173\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 38.18314846626173\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 39.35341418045878\n ],\n [\n -121.25,\n 39.35341418045878\n ],\n [\n -121.25,\n 38.18314846626173\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"California Water Science Center
California GAMA
U.S. Geological Survey
6000 J Street, Placer Hall
Sacramento, California 95819
In August 2015, scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center collected 11 push cores from the marshes of Dauphin Island and Little Dauphin Island, Alabama. Sample site environments included high marshes, low salt marshes, and salt flats, and varied in distance from the shoreline. The sampling efforts were part of a larger study to assess the feasibility and sustainability of proposed restoration efforts for Dauphin Island, Alabama, and to identify trends in shoreline erosion and accretion. The data presented in this publication can provide a basis for assessing organic and inorganic sediment accumulation rates and temporal changes in accumulation rates over multiple decades at multiple locations across the island. This study was funded by the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, via the Gulf Environmental Benefit Fund. This report serves as an archive for the sedimentological and geochemical data derived from the marsh cores. Downloadable data are available and include Microsoft Excel spreadsheets (.xlsx), comma-separated values (.csv) text files, JPEG files, and formal Federal Geographic Data Committee metadata in a U.S. Geological Survey data release.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20171165","usgsCitation":"Ellis, A.M., Smith, C.G., and Marot, M.E., 2018, The sedimentological characteristics and geochronology of the marshes of Dauphin Island, Alabama: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2017–1165, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20171165.","productDescription":"HTML Document; Data Release","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-085345","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352515,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1165/index.html","text":"Report HTML"},{"id":352514,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1165/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":352516,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7VM49J0","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"The Sedimentological Characteristics and Geochronology of the Marshes of Dauphin Island, Alabama"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama","otherGeospatial":"Dauphin Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.20854187011719,\n 30.221101852485987\n ],\n [\n -88.06709289550781,\n 30.221101852485987\n ],\n [\n -88.06709289550781,\n 30.282491622409413\n ],\n [\n -88.20854187011719,\n 30.282491622409413\n ],\n [\n -88.20854187011719,\n 30.221101852485987\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
600 4th Street South
St. Petersburg, FL 33701
This report describes (1) work done between January 2015 and May 2017 as part of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) hexavalent chromium, Cr(VI), background study and (2) the summative-scale approach to be used to estimate the extent of anthropogenic (man-made) Cr(VI) and background Cr(VI) concentrations near the Pacific Gas and Electric Company (PG&E) natural gas compressor station in Hinkley, California. Most of the field work for the study was completed by May 2017. The summative-scale approach and calculation of Cr(VI) background were not well-defined at the time the USGS proposal for the background Cr(VI) study was prepared but have since been refined as a result of data collected as part of this study. The proposed summative scale consists of multiple items, formulated as questions to be answered at each sampled well. Questions that compose the summative scale were developed to address geologic, hydrologic, and geochemical constraints on Cr(VI) within the study area. Each question requires a binary (yes or no) answer. A score of 1 will be assigned for an answer that represents data consistent with anthropogenic Cr(VI); a score of –1 will be assigned for an answer that represents data inconsistent with anthropogenic Cr(VI). The areal extent of anthropogenic Cr(VI) estimated from the summative-scale analyses will be compared with the areal extent of anthropogenic Cr(VI) estimated on the basis of numerical groundwater flow model results, along with particle-tracking analyses. On the basis of these combined results, background Cr(VI) values will be estimated for “Mojave-type” deposits, and other deposits, in different parts of the study area outside the summative-scale mapped extent of anthropogenic Cr(VI).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181045","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Lahontan Regional Water Quality Control Board and the State Water Resources Control Board","usgsCitation":"Izbicki, J.A., and Groover, K., 2018, Natural and man-made hexavalent chromium, Cr(VI), in groundwater near a mapped plume, Hinkley, California—study progress as of May 2017, and a summative-scale approach to estimate background Cr(VI) concentrations: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018–1045, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181045.","productDescription":"vi, 28 p.","numberOfPages":"38","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-095489","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352720,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1045/ofr20181045.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1045"},{"id":352719,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1045/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Hinkley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.2333,\n 34.8667\n ],\n [\n -117.0667,\n 34.8667\n ],\n [\n -117.0667,\n 35.0333\n ],\n [\n -117.2333,\n 35.0333\n ],\n [\n -117.2333,\n 34.8667\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, California Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6000 J Street, Placer Hall
Sacramento, CA 95819
Assessment of the “Bird or Animal Deformities or Reproductive Problems” Beneficial Use Impairment (BUI) can be accomplished by (1) comparing tissue concentrations to established background and Lowest Observable Effect Level (LOEL) for reproductive effects, or (2) directly measuring reproductive success at Areas of Concern (AOCs) and statistically comparing those rates to minimally impacted reference locations (non-AOCs). Results from recent tree swallow (Tachycineta bicolor) publications were used to evaluate this BUI based on both approaches. For both endpoints, a 95-percent confidence interval (CI) was used to test for significant differences. Additional information on BUIs, AOCs, and the program in general can be found in the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement (2012).
For the first metric, there are good background and reproductive effect threshold LOELs for tree swallow egg concentrations for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dioxins and furans (PCDD/Fs), and mercury, as well as, for some other organic and inorganic contaminants. For the second assessment, comparisons were made between AOC and non-AOC sites for reproductive success, which was measured as the daily probability of egg failure and the percentage of eggs laid that hatched. Multistate modeling was used to assess whether there was an association between the daily probability of egg failure and a suite of contaminants, including PCBs, but also whether there was an association with ecological variables, such as female age and date within season. Both of these ecological variables are known to affect hatching success in birds. The objective of this report is to synthesize the previously published information to assist in the assessment of the “Bird or Animal Deformities or Reproductive Problems” BUI at 16 sites within the 5 Wisconsin AOCs (table 1). The logic behind this interpretation is applicable to other AOCs as well.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181032","usgsCitation":"Custer, C.M., Custer, T.W., and Dummer, P.M., 2018, Synthesis of tree swallow (Tachycineta bicolor) data for Beneficial Use Impairment (BUI) assessment at Wisconsin Areas of Concern: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018–1032, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181032.","productDescription":"iv, 8 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-092682","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352653,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1032/ofr20181032.pdf","text":"Report","size":"111 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1032"},{"id":352652,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1032/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan, Minnesota, Wisconsin","contact":"Director, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2630 Fanta Reed Road
La Cross, WI 54603
This report provides an overview of the pilot study and description of the techniques developed for a future mitigation study of Pomacea maculata (giant applesnail) at the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Mandalay National Wildlife Refuge, Louisiana (MNWR). Egg mass suppression is a potential strategy for the mitigation of the invasive giant applesnail. In previous studies at Langan Municipal Park in Mobile, Alabama (LMP), and National Park Service Jean Lafitte National Park-Barataria Unit, Louisiana (JLNP), we determined that spraying food-grade oil (coconut oil or Pam™ spray) on egg masses significantly reduced egg hatching. At JLNP we also developed methods to estimate snail population size. The purpose of this pilot study was to adapt techniques developed for previous studies to the circumstances of MNWR in preparation for a larger experiment whereby we will test the effectiveness of egg mass suppression as an applesnail mitigation tool. We selected four canals that will be used as treatment and control sites for the experiment (two each). We established that an efficient way to destroy egg masses is to knock them down with a high-velocity stream of water pumped directly from the canal. The traps used at JLNP had to be modified to accommodate the greater range of water-level fluctuation at MNWR. One of the three marking methods used at JLNP was selected for use at MNWR.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181041","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the Barataria-Terrebonne National Estuary Program","usgsCitation":"Carter, Jacoby, and Merino, Sergio, 2018, Pilot testing and protocol development of giant applesnail suppression at Mandalay National Wildlife Refuge, Louisiana—July–October 2017: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018-1041, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181041.","productDescription":"vi, 17 p.","numberOfPages":"17","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-093234","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352641,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1041/ofr20181041.pdf","text":"Report","size":"903 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018–1041"},{"id":352640,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1041/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Mandalay National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.84182739257812,\n 29.486378867043253\n ],\n [\n -90.76766967773438,\n 29.486378867043253\n ],\n [\n -90.76766967773438,\n 29.559422089438876\n ],\n [\n -90.84182739257812,\n 29.559422089438876\n ],\n [\n -90.84182739257812,\n 29.486378867043253\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Wetland and Aquatic Research Center
700 Cajundome Blvd.
Lafayette, LA 70506
The giant gartersnake (Thamnophis gigas) is a state and federally threatened species precinctive to California. The range of the giant gartersnake has contracted in the last century because its wetland habitat has been drained for agriculture and development. As a result of this habitat alteration, giant gartersnakes now largely persist in and near rice agriculture in the Sacramento Valley, because the system of canals that conveys water for rice growing approximates historical wetland habitat. Many aspects of the demography of giant gartersnakes are unknown, including how individuals grow throughout their life, how size influences reproduction, and how survival varies over time and among populations. We studied giant gartersnakes throughout the Sacramento Valley of California from 1995 to 2016 using capture-mark-recapture to study the growth, reproduction, and survival of this threatened species. We then use these data to construct an Integral Projection Model, and analyze this demographic model to understand which vital rates contribute most to the growth rate of giant gartersnake populations. We find that giant gartersnakes exhibit indeterminate growth; growth slows as individuals’ age. Fecundity, probability of reproduction, and survival all increase with size, although survival may decline for the largest female giant gartersnakes. The population growth rate of giant gartersnakes is most influenced by the survival and growth of large adult females, and the size at which 1 year old recruits enter the population. Our results indicate that management actions benefitting these influential demographic parameters will have the greatest positive effect on giant gartersnake population growth rates, and therefore population persistence. This study informs the conservation and management of giant gartersnakes and their habitat, and illustrates the effectiveness of hierarchical Bayesian models for the study of rare and elusive species.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20171164","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the California Department of Water Resources","usgsCitation":"Rose, J.P., Ersan, J.S.M., Wylie, G.D., Casazza, M.L., and Halstead, B.J., 2018, Construction and analysis of a giant gartersnake (Thamnophis gigas) population projection model: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2017–1164, 98 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20171164.","productDescription":"viii, 98 p.","numberOfPages":"110","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-090465","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352644,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1164/ofr20171164.pdf","text":"Report","size":"8.6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2017-1164"},{"id":352643,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1164/coverthb.jpg"}],"contact":"Director, Western Ecological Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3020 State University Drive East
Sacramento, California 95819
Interactions between fire and nonnative, annual plant species (that is, “the grass/fire cycle”) represent one of the greatest threats to sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) ecosystems and associated wildlife, including the greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus). In 2015, U.S. Department of the Interior called for a “science-based strategy to reduce the threat of large-scale rangeland fire to habitat for the greater sage-grouse and the sagebrush-steppe ecosystem.” An associated guidance document, the “Integrated Rangeland Fire Management Strategy Actionable Science Plan,” identified fuel breaks as high priority areas for scientific research. Fuel breaks are intended to reduce fire size and frequency, and potentially they can compartmentalize wildfire spatial distribution in a landscape. Fuel breaks are designed to reduce flame length, fireline intensity, and rates of fire spread in order to enhance firefighter access, improve response times, and provide safe and strategic anchor points for wildland fire-fighting activities. To accomplish these objectives, fuel breaks disrupt fuel continuity, reduce fuel accumulation, and (or) increase plants with high moisture content through the removal or modification of vegetation in strategically placed strips or blocks of land.
Fuel breaks are being newly constructed, enhanced, or proposed across large areas of the Great Basin to reduce wildfire risk and to protect remaining sagebrush ecosystems (including greater sage-grouse habitat). These projects are likely to result in thousands of linear miles of fuel breaks that will have direct ecological effects across hundreds of thousands of acres through habitat loss and conversion. These projects may also affect millions of acres indirectly because of edge effects and habitat fragmentation created by networks of fuel breaks. Hence, land managers are often faced with a potentially paradoxical situation: the need to substantially alter sagebrush habitats with fuel breaks to ultimately reduce a greater threat of their destruction from wildfire. However, there is relatively little published science that directly addresses the ability of fuel breaks to influence fire behavior in dryland landscapes or that addresses the potential ecological effects of the construction and maintenance of fuel breaks on sagebrush ecosystems and associated wildlife species.
This report is intended to provide an initial assessment of both the potential effectiveness of fuel breaks and their ecological costs and benefits. To provide this assessment, we examined prior studies on fuel breaks and other scientific evidence to address three crucial questions: (1) How effective are fuel breaks in reducing or slowing the spread of wildfire in arid and semi-arid shrubland ecosystems? (2) How do fuel breaks affect sagebrush plant communities? (3) What are the effects of fuel breaks on the greater sage-grouse, other sagebrush obligates, and sagebrush-associated wildlife species? We also provide an overview of recent federal policies and management directives aimed at protecting remaining sagebrush and greater sage-grouse habitat; describe the fuel conditions, fire behavior, and fire trends in the Great Basin; and suggest how scientific inquiry and management actions can improve our understanding of fuel breaks and their effects in sagebrush landscapes.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181034","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Forest Service","usgsCitation":"Shinneman, D.J., Aldridge, C.L., Coates, P.S., Germino, M.J., Pilliod, D.S., and Vaillant, N.M., 2018, A conservation paradox in the Great Basin—Altering sagebrush landscapes with fuel breaks to reduce habitat loss from wildfire: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018–1034, 70 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181034.","productDescription":"vi, 70 p.","numberOfPages":"80","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-092468","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352531,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1034/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":352532,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1034/ofr20181034.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6.9 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1034"}],"contact":"Director, Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
777 NW 9th St., Suite 400
Corvallis, Oregon 97330
Rock samples have been collected, analyzed, and interpreted from drilling and mining operations at the Nevada National Security Site for over one-half of a century. Records containing geologic and hydrologic analyses and interpretations have been compiled into a series of databases. Rock samples have been photographed and thin sections scanned. Records and images are preserved and available for public viewing and downloading at the U.S. Geological Survey ScienceBase, Mercury Core Library and Data Center Web site at https://www.sciencebase.gov/mercury/ and documented in U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 297. Example applications of these data and images are provided in this report.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181011","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration Site Office, Office of Environmental Management under Interagency Agreement DE-AI52-12NA30865/DE-NA0001654","usgsCitation":"Wood, D.B., 2018, Hydrogeologic applications for historical records and images from rock samples collected at the Nevada National Security Site and vicinity, Nye County, Nevada—A supplement to Data Series 297: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018–1011, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181011.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 13 p.; 2 Figures","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-092236","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352503,"rank":5,"type":{"id":13,"text":"Illustration"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1011/ofr20181011_figure04.pdf","text":"Figure 4","size":"415 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1011 Figure 4"},{"id":352500,"rank":3,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/ds297","text":"Data Series 297","description":"Data Series 297"},{"id":352502,"rank":4,"type":{"id":13,"text":"Illustration"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1011/ofr20181011_figure03.pdf","text":"Figure 3","size":"5.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1011 Figure 3"},{"id":352496,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1011/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":352497,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1011/ofr20181011.pdf","text":"Report","size":"11.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1011"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Nye County","otherGeospatial":"Nevada National Security Site","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -116.75,36.5 ], [ -116.75,37.5 ], [ -115.75,37.5 ], [ -115.75,36.5 ], [ -116.75,36.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","contact":"Director, Nevada Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2730 N. Deer Run Rd.
Carson City, Nevada 89701
Stream geomorphic characteristics were monitored along a 0.8-mile reach of the Fever River in the Driftless Area of southwestern Wisconsin from 2004 to 2011 where cattle grazed in paddocks along the riverbank at the University of Wisconsin-Platteville’s Pioneer Farm. The study reach encompassed seven paddocks that covered a total of 30 acres on both sides of the river. Monitoring data included channel crosssection surveys, eroding bank measurements and photograph points, erosion-pin measurements, longitudinal profile surveys, measurements of the volume of soft sediment in the channel, and repeated time-lapse photographs. Characteristics were summarized into subreaches by use of a geographic information system. From 2004 to 2007, baseline monitoring was done to identify geomorphic conditions prior to evaluating the effects of management alternatives for riparian grazing. Subsequent to the full-scale baseline monitoring, additional data were collected from 2007 to 2011. Samples of eroding bank and in-channel soft sediment were collected and analyzed for dry bulk density in 2008 for use in a sediment budget. One of the pastures was excluded from cattle grazing in the fall of 2007; in 2009 channel cross sections, longitudinal profiles, erosion-pin measurements, photographs, and a soft sediment survey were again collected along the full 0.8-mile reach for a comparison to baseline monitoring data. Channel cross sections were surveyed a final time in 2011. Lessons learned from bank monitoring with erosion pins were most numerous and included the need for consistent tracking of each pin and whether there was deposition or erosion, timing of measurements and bank conditions during measurements (frozen, postflood), and awareness of pins loosening in place. Repeated freezing and thawing of banks and consequential mass wasting and jointing enhance fluvial erosion. Monitoring equipment in the paddocks was kept flush to the ground or located high on posts to avoid injuring the cattle.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161179","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the University of Wisconsin-Platteville Pioneer Farm Program","usgsCitation":"Peppler, M.C., and Fitzpatrick, F.A., 2018, Collection methods, data compilation, and lessons learned from a study of stream geomorphology associated with riparian cattle grazing along the Fever River, University of Wisconsin- Platteville Pioneer Farm, Wisconsin, 2004–11: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016–1179, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161179.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 21 p.; Appendixes 1-9; Readme","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-069094","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352034,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1179/appendix/ofr20161179_appendix1.zip","text":"Appendix 1","size":"39.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"linkHelpText":"- Channel CrossSection Surveys"},{"id":352035,"rank":5,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1179/appendix/ofr20161179_appendix2.zip","text":"Appendix 2","size":"2.10 GB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"linkHelpText":"- Eroding Bank Measurements and Photograph Points"},{"id":352036,"rank":6,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1179/appendix/ofr20161179_appendix3.zip","text":"Appendix 3","size":"320 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"linkHelpText":"- Erosion Pin Measurements"},{"id":352038,"rank":8,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1179/appendix/ofr20161179_appendix5.zip","text":"Appendix 5","size":"30 MB ","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"linkHelpText":"- In-Channel Soft Sediment Depth and Volume"},{"id":352037,"rank":7,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1179/appendix/ofr20161179_appendix4.zip","text":"Appendix 4","size":"128 KB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"linkHelpText":"- Longitudinal Profile Surveys"},{"id":351479,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1179/ofr20161179.pdf","text":"Report","size":"18.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1179"},{"id":352039,"rank":9,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1179/appendix/ofr20161179_appendix6.zip","text":"Appendix 6","size":"545 KB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"linkHelpText":"- Geographic Information System Analyses of Reach Characteristics"},{"id":352040,"rank":10,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1179/appendix/ofr20161179_appendix7.zip","text":"Appendix 7","size":"28 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"linkHelpText":"- Sediment Bulk Density"},{"id":352041,"rank":11,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1179/appendix/ofr20161179_appendix8.zip","text":"Appendix 8","size":"73.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"linkHelpText":"- Time Lapse Photographs"},{"id":351478,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1179/coverthb.jpg","text":"Report"},{"id":351870,"rank":3,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1179/appendix/appendixes-readme.pdf","text":"Appendix Readme","size":"22 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":352042,"rank":12,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1179/appendix/ofr20161179_appendix9.zip","text":"Appendix 9","size":"611. MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"linkHelpText":"- Miscellaneous Photographs and Field Notes"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Fever River, University of Wisconsin-Platteville Pioneer Agricultural Stewardship Farm","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.40331840515137,\n 42.71124784262846\n ],\n [\n -90.393168926239,\n 42.71124784262846\n ],\n [\n -90.393168926239,\n 42.71984009899354\n ],\n [\n -90.40331840515137,\n 42.71984009899354\n ],\n [\n -90.40331840515137,\n 42.71124784262846\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Upper Midwest Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
8505 Research Way
Middleton, WI 53562
Excessive rainfall resulted in flooding on numerous rivers throughout the southern Midwestern United States (southern Midwest) in late April and early May of 2017. The heaviest rainfall, between April 28 and 30, resulted in extensive flooding from eastern Oklahoma to southern Indiana including parts of Missouri, Arkansas, and Illinois.
Peak-of-record streamflows were set at 21 U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) streamgages in the southern Midwest during the resulting April–May 2017 flooding and each of the five States included in the study area had at least one streamgage with a peak of record during the flood. The annual exceedance probability (AEP) estimates for the April–May 2017 peak streamflows indicate that peaks at 5 USGS streamgages had AEPs of 0.2 percent or less (500-year recurrence interval or greater), and peak streamflows at 15 USGS streamgages had AEPs in the range from greater than 0.2 to 1 percent (500- to 100-year recurrence intervals).
Examination of the magnitude of the temporal changes in median annual peak streamflows indicated positive increases, in general, throughout the study area for each of the 1930–2017, 1956–2017, 1975–2017, and 1989–2017 analysis periods. The median increase in peak streamflows was greatest in 1975–2017 and 1989–2017 with maximum increases of 8 to 10 percent per year. No stations in the 1975–2017 or 1989–2017 analysis period had median negative changes in peak streamflows.
","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181004","usgsCitation":"Heimann, D.C., Holmes, R.R., Jr., and Harris, T.E., 2018, Flooding in the southern Midwestern United States, April–May 2017: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018–1004, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181004.","productDescription":"Report: v, 36 p.; 7 Films","numberOfPages":"46","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-091177","costCenters":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352359,"rank":3,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1004/downloads/Films/Film1.mp4","text":"Film 1—","size":"15.6 MB","description":"OFR 2018–1004 Film 1","linkHelpText":"April 28, 2017–May 10, 2017, Daily streamflow magnitude in study area compared to long-term median streamflows"},{"id":352364,"rank":8,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1004/downloads/Films/Film6_NFK_MO_HWYPP.mp4","text":"Film 6—(film courtesy of Aerial Ozarks)","size":"172 MB","description":"OFR 2018–1004 Film 6","linkHelpText":"James Bridge on MO-PP, North Fork River, Ozark County, Mo."},{"id":352361,"rank":5,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1004/downloads/Films/Film3_NFK_SpringCK.mp4","text":"Film 3—(film courtesy of Aerial Ozarks)","size":"159 MB","description":"OFR 2018–1004 Film 3","linkHelpText":"Twin Bridges in Douglas County, Mo., North Fork River and Spring Creek"},{"id":352363,"rank":7,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1004/downloads/Films/Film5_BryantCK_Hwy181.mp4","text":"Film 5—(film courtesy of Aerial Ozarks)","size":"137 MB","description":"OFR 2018–1004 Film 5","linkHelpText":"Hodgson Mill on Hwy. 181, Bryant Creek, Ozark County, Mo."},{"id":352341,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1004/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":352362,"rank":6,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1004/downloads/Films/Film4_NFK_MO_HWY_CC(HammondMillBrdge).mp4","text":"Film 4—(film courtesy of Aerial Ozarks)","size":"126 MB","description":"OFR 2018–1004 Film 4","linkHelpText":"Hammond Mill Bridge on MO-CC, North Fork River, Ozark County, Mo."},{"id":352365,"rank":9,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1004/downloads/Films/Film7_DryCK_MO_HwyAP.mp4","text":"Film 7—(film courtesy of Aerial Ozarks)","size":"70.0 MB","description":"OFR 2018–1004 Film 7","linkHelpText":"Dry Creek Bridge on MO-AP, Dry Creek, Howell County, Mo."},{"id":352342,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1004/ofr20181004.pdf","text":"Report","size":"8.01 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018–1004"},{"id":352394,"rank":10,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1004/downloads/Films/Films.zip","text":"Films","size":"746 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"OFR 2018–1004 Films"},{"id":352360,"rank":4,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1004/downloads/Films/Film2_SpringCK_HwyAP.mp4","text":"Film 2—(film courtesy of Aerial Ozarks)","size":"75.4 MB","description":"OFR 2018–1004 Film 2","linkHelpText":"Spring Creek Bridge on MO-AP"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -95.20751953125,\n 33.706062655101206\n ],\n [\n -87.36328125,\n 33.706062655101206\n ],\n [\n -87.36328125,\n 39.38526381099774\n ],\n [\n -95.20751953125,\n 39.38526381099774\n ],\n [\n -95.20751953125,\n 33.706062655101206\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Missouri Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1400 Independence Road
Rolla, MO 65401
Rainfall from a storm on October 24–27, 2017, and Tropical Storm Philippe on October 29–30, created conditions that led to flooding across portions of New Hampshire and western Maine. On the basis of streamflow data collected at 30 selected U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) streamgages in the Androscoggin River, Connecticut River, Merrimack River, and Saco River Basins, the storms caused minor to moderate flooding in those basins on October 30–31, 2017. During the storms, the USGS deployed hydrographers to take discrete measurements of streamflow. The measurements were used to confirm the stage-to-streamflow relation (rating curve) at the selected USGS streamgages. Following the storms, hydrographers documented high-water marks in support of indirect measurements of streamflow. Seven streamgages with greater than 50 years of streamflow data recorded preliminary streamflow peaks within the top five for the periods of record. Twelve streamgages recorded preliminary peak streamflows greater than an estimate of the 100-year streamflow based on drainage area.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181026","usgsCitation":"Kiah, R.G, and Stasulis, N.W., 2018, Preliminary stage and streamflow data at selected U.S. Geological Survey streamgages in Maine and New Hampshire for the flood of October 30–31, 2017: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018–1026, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181026.","productDescription":"iv, 12 p.","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-092894","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352270,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1026/ofr20181026.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2018-1026"},{"id":352269,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1026/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine, New Hampshire","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -72,\n 42.75\n ],\n [\n -69,\n 42.75\n ],\n [\n -69,\n 46\n ],\n [\n -72,\n 46\n ],\n [\n -72,\n 42.75\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, New England Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
331 Commerce Way, Suite 2
Pembroke, NH 03275
The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, analyzed groundwater levels, drilling record logs, and field water-quality data from selected wells, and the surficial geology in the Hoosic River valley south of the village of Hoosick Falls, New York, to provide information about the framework and properties of a confined aquifer. The aquifer, which consists of ice-contact sand and gravel overlain by lacustrine clay and silt, was evaluated by the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation as part of their investigation of alternate water supplies for the village whose wellfield has been affected by perfluorooctanoic acid. Wells inventoried in the study area were classified as confined, water table, or transitional between the two aquifer conditions. Groundwater levels in three confined-aquifer wells and a transitional-aquifer well responded to pumping of a test production well finished in the confined aquifer. Groundwater levels in a water-table well showed no detectable water-level change in response to test-well pumping. Analysis of drawdown and recovery data from the three confined-aquifer wells and a transitional-aquifer well through the application of the Theis type-curve method provided estimates of aquifer properties. Representation of a constant-head boundary in the analysis where an unnamed pond and fluvial-terrace deposits abut the valley wall resulted in satisfactory matches of the Theis type curves with the observed water-level responses. Aquifer transmissivity estimates ranged from 1,160 to 1,370 feet squared per day. Aquifer storativity estimates ranged from 5.2×10–5 to 1.1×10–3 and were consistent with the inferred degree of confinement and distance from the represented recharge boundary.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20181015","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation","usgsCitation":"Williams, J.H., and Heisig, P.M., 2018, Groundwater-level analysis of selected wells in the Hoosic River Valley near Hoosick Falls, New York, for aquifer framework and properties: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018–1015, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181015. ","productDescription":"v, 14 p.","numberOfPages":"19","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-092144","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352081,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1015/ofr20181015.pdf","text":"Report","size":"741 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OF 2018-1015"},{"id":352080,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2018/1015/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","city":"Hoosick Falls","otherGeospatial":"Hoosic River Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.37021827697754,\n 42.870680346240626\n ],\n [\n -73.3417224884033,\n 42.870680346240626\n ],\n [\n -73.3417224884033,\n 42.88961171193983\n ],\n [\n -73.37021827697754,\n 42.88961171193983\n ],\n [\n -73.37021827697754,\n 42.870680346240626\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, New York Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
425 Jordan Road
Troy, NY 12180–8349