{"pageNumber":"400","pageRowStart":"9975","pageSize":"25","recordCount":16437,"records":[{"id":70020284,"text":"70020284 - 1997 - Chemical characteristics of particulate, colloidal, and dissolved organic material in Loch Vale Watershed, Rocky Mountain National Park","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-08T16:21:36","indexId":"70020284","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1007,"text":"Biogeochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chemical characteristics of particulate, colloidal, and dissolved organic material in Loch Vale Watershed, Rocky Mountain National Park","docAbstract":"The chemical relationships among particulate and colloidal organic material and dissolved fulvic acid were examined in an alpine and subalpine lake and two streams in Loch Vale Watershed, Rocky Mountain National Park. The alpine lake, Sky Pond, had the lowest dissolved organic carbon (DOC) (0.37 mgC/L), the highest particulate carbon (POC) (0.13 mgC/L), and high algal biomass. The watershed of Sky Pond is primarily talus slope, and DOC and POC may be autochthonous. Both Andrews Creek and Icy Brook gain DOC as they flow through wet sedge meadows. The subalpine lake, The Loch, receives additional organic material from the surrounding forest and had a higher DOC (0.66 mgC/L). Elemental analysis, stable carbon isotopic compositon, and 13C-NMR characterization showed that: 1) particulate material had relatively high inorganic contents and was heterogeneous in compositon, 2) colloidal material was primarily carbohydrate material with a low inorganic content at all sites; and 3) dissolved fulvic acid varied in compositon among sites. The low concentration and carbohydrate-rich character of the colloidal material suggests that this fraction is labile to microbial degradation and may be turning over more rapidly than particulate fractions or dissolved fulvic acid. Fulvic acid from Andrews Creek had the lowest N content and aromaticity, whereas Sky Pond fulvic acid had a higher N content and lower aromaticity than fulvic acid from The Loch. The UV-visible spectra of the fulvic acids demonstrate that variation in characteristics with sources of organic carbon can explain to some extent the observed nonlinear relationship between UV-B extinction coefficients and DOC concentrations in lakes.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1023/A:1005783812730","issn":"01682563","usgsCitation":"McKnight, D.M., Harnish, R., Wershaw, R., Baron, J., and Schiff, S., 1997, Chemical characteristics of particulate, colloidal, and dissolved organic material in Loch Vale Watershed, Rocky Mountain National Park: Biogeochemistry, v. 36, no. 1, p. 99-124, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005783812730.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"99","endPage":"124","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":231398,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":206965,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005783812730"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado ","otherGeospatial":"Rocky Mountain National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -106,\n              40\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.1667,\n              40\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.1667,\n              40.5833\n            ],\n            [\n              -106,\n              40.5833\n            ],\n            [\n              -106,\n              40\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"36","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f55ce4b0c8380cd4c1b9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKnight, Diane M.","contributorId":59773,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKnight","given":"Diane","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":16833,"text":"INSTAAR, University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":385641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harnish, R.","contributorId":72143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harnish","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wershaw, R.L.","contributorId":62223,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wershaw","given":"R.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Baron, Jill 0000-0002-5902-6251 jill_baron@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5902-6251","contributorId":194124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baron","given":"Jill","email":"jill_baron@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":385640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schiff, S.","contributorId":77698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schiff","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70174315,"text":"70174315 - 1997 - The spring runoff pulse from the Sierra Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-30T19:31:47.018553","indexId":"70174315","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3914,"text":"Interagency Ecological Program Newsletter","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The spring runoff pulse from the Sierra Nevada","docAbstract":"<p>A spring runoff pulse is identified in the Merced River record from the Sierra Nevada, that makes the transition from low streamflow conditions in winter to the high streamflow conditions in the later spring-early summer period. The timing of the pulse is delayed with greater seasonal accumulation of snow pack in the Yosemite region. Also, the runoff pulse is triggered by a regional weather fluctuation that establishes a warm high pressure ridge over the California region during the spring (mid-March to Mid-May) period. Since this ridge often blankets the entire western United States, it is found that a simultaneous pulse occurs over a broad collection of high-elevation streams in the region.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Interagency","usgsCitation":"Cayan, D., Peterson, D.H., Riddle, L., Dettinger, M.D., and Smith, R.E., 1997, The spring runoff pulse from the Sierra Nevada: Interagency Ecological Program Newsletter, p. 25-28.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"25","endPage":"28","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324851,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Merced River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -119.56592559814455,\n              37.74133139980182\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.56695556640625,\n              37.74085628461814\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.56472396850586,\n              37.73888791779894\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.56386566162108,\n              37.738141282210385\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.56300735473633,\n              37.73868429065797\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.56558227539062,\n              37.74072053686268\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.56592559814455,\n              37.74133139980182\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"577f7d34e4b0ef4d2f45fad3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cayan, D.R.","contributorId":25961,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cayan","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16196,"text":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":641872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peterson, D. H.","contributorId":92229,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"D.","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Riddle, L.","contributorId":47550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riddle","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dettinger, M. D. 0000-0002-7509-7332","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-7332","contributorId":93069,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dettinger","given":"M.","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":16196,"text":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":641875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Smith, R. E.","contributorId":76366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70019437,"text":"70019437 - 1997 - In-situ stress and fracture permeability in a fault-hosted geothermal reservoir at Dixie Valley, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:13","indexId":"70019437","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"In-situ stress and fracture permeability in a fault-hosted geothermal reservoir at Dixie Valley, Nevada","docAbstract":"As part of a study relating fractured rock hydrology to in-situ stress and recent deformation within the Dixie Valley Geothermal Field, borehole televiewer logging and hydraulic fracturing stress measurements were conducted in a 2.7-km-deep geothermal production well (73B-7) drilled into the Stillwater fault zone. Borehole televiewer logs from well 73B-7 show numerous drilling-induced tensile fractures, indicating that the direction of the minimum horizontal principal stress, Shmin, is S57 ??E. As the Stillwater fault at this location dips S50 ??E at approximately 3??, it is nearly at the optimal orientation for normal faulting in the current stress field. Analysis of the hydraulic fracturing data shows that the magnitude of Shmin is 24.1 and 25.9 MPa at 1.7 and 2.5 km, respectively. In addition, analysis of a hydraulic fracturing test from a shallow well 1.5 km northeast of 73B-7 indicates that the magnitude of Shmin is 5.6 MPa at 0.4 km depth. Coulomb failure analysis shows that the magnitude of Shmin in these wells is close to that predicted for incipient normal faulting on the Stillwater and subparallel faults, using coefficients of friction of 0.6-1.0 and estimates of the in-situ fluid pressure and overburden stress. Spinner flowmeter and temperature logs were also acquired in well 73B-7 and were used to identify hydraulically conductive fractures. Comparison of these stress and hydrologic data with fracture orientations from the televiewer log indicates that hydraulically conductive fractures within and adjacent to the Stillwater fault zone are critically stressed, potentially active normal faults in the current west-northwest extensional stress regime at Dixie Valley.","largerWorkTitle":"Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the 1997 Annual Meeting of the Geothermal Resources Council","conferenceDate":"12 October 1997 through 15 October 1997","conferenceLocation":"Burlingame, CA, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Geothermal Resources Council","publisherLocation":"Davis, CA, United States","issn":"01935933","usgsCitation":"Hickman, S., Barton, C., Zoback, M., Morin, R., Sass, J., and Benoit, R., 1997, In-situ stress and fracture permeability in a fault-hosted geothermal reservoir at Dixie Valley, Nevada, <i>in</i> Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council, v. 21, Burlingame, CA, USA, 12 October 1997 through 15 October 1997, p. 181-189.","startPage":"181","endPage":"189","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226655,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a39c8e4b0c8380cd61a3f","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Anon","contributorId":128316,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Anon","id":536454,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Hickman, Stephen","contributorId":29139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hickman","given":"Stephen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barton, Colleen","contributorId":66864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barton","given":"Colleen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zoback, Mark","contributorId":81092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zoback","given":"Mark","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Morin, Roger","contributorId":31922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morin","given":"Roger","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sass, John","contributorId":14130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sass","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Benoit, Richard","contributorId":34666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benoit","given":"Richard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70019949,"text":"70019949 - 1997 - In situ stress and fracture permeability along the Stillwater fault zone, Dixie Valley Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:22","indexId":"70019949","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2071,"text":"International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"In situ stress and fracture permeability along the Stillwater fault zone, Dixie Valley Nevada","docAbstract":"Borehole televiewer and hydrologic logging and hydraulic fracturing stress measurements were carried out in a 2.7-km-deep geothermal production well (73B-7) drilled into the Stillwater fault zone. Precision temperature and spinner flowmeter logs were also acquired in well 73B-7, with and without simultaneously injecting water into the well. Localized perturbations to well-bore temperature and flow were used to identify hydraulically conductive fractures. Comparison of these data with fracture orientations from the televiewer log indicates that permeable fractures within and adjacent to the Stillwater fault zone are critically stressed, potentially active shear planes in the current west-northwest extensional stress regime at Dixie Valley.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the 1997 36th US Rock Mechanics ISRM International Symposium","conferenceDate":"29 June 1997 through 2 July 1997","conferenceLocation":"New York, NY, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Sci Ltd","publisherLocation":"Exeter, United Kingdom","doi":"10.1016/S0148-9062(97)00169-1","issn":"01489062","usgsCitation":"Hickman, S., Barton, C.A., Zoback, M.D., Morin, R., Sass, J., and Benoit, R., 1997, In situ stress and fracture permeability along the Stillwater fault zone, Dixie Valley Nevada: International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts, v. 34, no. 3-4, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0148-9062(97)00169-1.","startPage":"414","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":206054,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0148-9062(97)00169-1"},{"id":228107,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a39ace4b0c8380cd619de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hickman, S.H. 0000-0003-2075-9615","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2075-9615","contributorId":16027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hickman","given":"S.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barton, C. A.","contributorId":47097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barton","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zoback, Mark D.","contributorId":80275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zoback","given":"Mark","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Morin, R.","contributorId":6210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morin","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sass, J.","contributorId":65623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sass","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Benoit, R.","contributorId":97651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benoit","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70171398,"text":"70171398 - 1997 - Pesticides and volatile organic compounds in shallow urban groundwater of the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-19T18:21:05","indexId":"70171398","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Pesticides and volatile organic compounds in shallow urban groundwater of the United States","docAbstract":"<p><span>The widespread use of pesticides and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) over the past half century has led to their detection in many hydrologic systems in the United States. However, few systematic investigations of occurrences have been carried out over multistate regions using a consistent study design. Nine urban studies of shallow groundwater have been conducted to date as part of the U.S. Geological Survey's National Water-Quality Assessment Program. Pesticide compounds were detected in 48.6% of the 208 urban wells sampled. Sixteen different pesticide compounds were detected in samples from these wells. Prometon was by far the most frequently detected pesticide compound, being found in 8 of the 9 urban studies. VOCs were detected in 53.4% of the 208 urban wells sampled, with 36 different VOC compounds being found.&nbsp;</span><br /><br /><span>Measured VOC concentrations exceeded current U.S. Environmental Protection Agency drinking water regulations in 19 wells. Methyl&nbsp;</span><i>tert</i><span>-butyl ether (MTBE), a common fuel oxygenate, was the most frequently detected VOC for this study.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Groundwater in the urban environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"A. A. Balkema","usgsCitation":"Kolpin, D.W., Squillace, P.J., Zogorski, J.S., and Barbash, J.E., 1997, Pesticides and volatile organic compounds in shallow urban groundwater of the United States, chap. <i>of</i> Groundwater in the urban environment, v. 1, p. 469-474.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"469","endPage":"474","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321885,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"574eb5dbe4b0ee97d51a83eb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kolpin, Dana W. 0000-0002-3529-6505 dwkolpin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3529-6505","contributorId":1239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolpin","given":"Dana","email":"dwkolpin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":630889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Squillace, Paul J.","contributorId":59415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Squillace","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zogorski, John S. jszogors@usgs.gov","contributorId":189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zogorski","given":"John","email":"jszogors@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":630891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barbash, Jack E. 0000-0001-9854-8880 jbarbash@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9854-8880","contributorId":1003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barbash","given":"Jack","email":"jbarbash@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":630892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70175090,"text":"70175090 - 1997 - Selenium trends in north San Francisco Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-04-10T18:15:05.637456","indexId":"70175090","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3914,"text":"Interagency Ecological Program Newsletter","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Selenium trends in north San Francisco Bay","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Interagency Ecological Program for the Sacramento–San Joaquin Estuary","usgsCitation":"Luoma, S.N., and Linville, R., 1997, Selenium trends in north San Francisco Bay: Interagency Ecological Program Newsletter, v. 10, p. 25-26.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"25","endPage":"26","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325795,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"North San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.76123046875,\n              37.814123701604466\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.06909179687501,\n              37.814123701604466\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.06909179687501,\n              38.23386541556985\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.76123046875,\n              38.23386541556985\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.76123046875,\n              37.814123701604466\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"579b2cb4e4b0589fa1c980d4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Luoma, S. N.","contributorId":120222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luoma","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":643870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Linville, R.","contributorId":173243,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Linville","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":643871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70176099,"text":"70176099 - 1997 - Status, trends, and changes in freshwater inflows to bay systems in the Corpus Christi Bay National Estuary Program study area","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-25T16:20:18","indexId":"70176099","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"seriesNumber":"CCBNEP–17","title":"Status, trends, and changes in freshwater inflows to bay systems in the Corpus Christi Bay National Estuary Program study area","docAbstract":"<p>This report presents the results of a study to quantify current (1983&ndash;93) mean freshwater inflows to the six bay systems (open water and wetlands) in the Corpus Christi Bay National Estuary Program study area, to test for historical temporal trends in inflows, and to quantify historical and projected changes in inflows. The report also addresses the adequacy of existing data to estimate freshwater inflows.</p>\n<p>The six bay systems are the St. Charles, Copano, Redfish, Nueces and Corpus Christi, upper Laguna Madre, and Baffin. Each bay system has one or more adjacent contributing watersheds, for a total of 13 watersheds for purposes of this study, that together comprise about 6,000 square miles. All freshwater runoff to each bay system except the Nueces and Corpus Christi originates in adjacent watersheds. Freshwater that enters the Nueces and Corpus Christi Bay system is a combination of water that originates in the adjacent contributing watersheds and water that originates in the large regional watershed of the Nueces River (greater Nueces River Basin) upstream of the adjacent contributing watersheds.</p>\n<p>The watershed simulation model Hydrologic Simulation Program&mdash;Fortran (HSPF) was used to generate simulated flow (runoff) from the 13 watersheds to the six bay systems because adequate gaged streamflow data from which to estimate freshwater inflows are not available; only about 23 percent of the adjacent contributing watershed area is gaged. The model was calibrated for the gaged parts of three watersheds&mdash;that is, selected input parameters (meteorologic and hydrologic properties and conditions) that control runoff were adjusted in a series of simulations until an adequate match between model-generated flows and a set (time series) of gaged flows was achieved. The primary model input is rainfall and evaporation data and the model output is a time series of runoff volumes. After calibration, simulations driven by daily rainfall for a 26-year period (1968&ndash;93) were done for the 13 watersheds to obtain runoff under current (1983&ndash;93), predevelopment (pre-1940 streamflow and pre-urbanization), and future (2010) land-use conditions for estimating freshwater inflows and for comparing runoff under the three land-use conditions; and to obtain time series of runoff from which to estimate time series of freshwater inflows for trend analysis.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Corpus Christi Bay National Estuary Program","publisherLocation":"Corpus Christi, TX","usgsCitation":"Asquith, W., Mosier, J.G., and Bush, P.W., 1997, Status, trends, and changes in freshwater inflows to bay systems in the Corpus Christi Bay National Estuary Program study area, 47 p.","productDescription":"47 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":327863,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57c016cee4b0f2f0ceb8736b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Asquith, W.H.","contributorId":87980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Asquith","given":"W.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mosier, J. G.","contributorId":174057,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mosier","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bush, P. W.","contributorId":14826,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bush","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70019768,"text":"70019768 - 1997 - Experimental design for estimating parameters of rate-limited mass transfer: Analysis of stream tracer studies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-04T10:46:05","indexId":"70019768","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Experimental design for estimating parameters of rate-limited mass transfer: Analysis of stream tracer studies","docAbstract":"<p><span>Tracer experiments are valuable tools for analyzing the transport characteristics of streams and their interactions with shallow groundwater. The focus of this work is the design of tracer studies in high-gradient stream systems subject to advection, dispersion, groundwater inflow, and exchange between the active channel and zones in surface or subsurface water where flow is stagnant or slow moving. We present a methodology for (1) evaluating and comparing alternative stream tracer experiment designs and (2) identifying those combinations of stream transport properties that pose limitations to parameter estimation and therefore a challenge to tracer test design. The methodology uses the concept of global parameter uncertainty analysis, which couples solute transport simulation with parameter uncertainty analysis in a Monte Carlo framework. Two general conclusions resulted from this work. First, the solute injection and sampling strategy has an important effect on the reliability of transport parameter estimates. We found that constant injection with sampling through concentration rise, plateau, and fall provided considerably more reliable parameter estimates than a pulse injection across the spectrum of transport scenarios likely encountered in high-gradient streams. Second, for a given tracer test design, the uncertainties in mass transfer and storage-zone parameter estimates are strongly dependent on the experimental Damkohler number,&nbsp;</span><i>DaI</i><span>, which is a dimensionless combination of the rates of exchange between the stream and storage zones, the stream-water velocity, and the stream reach length of the experiment. Parameter uncertainties are lowest at<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>DaI</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>values on the order of 1.0. When<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>DaI</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>values are much less than 1.0 (owing to high velocity, long exchange timescale, and/or short reach length), parameter uncertainties are high because only a small amount of tracer interacts with storage zones in the reach. For the opposite conditions (</span><i>DaI</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>≫ 1.0), solute exchange rates are fast relative to stream-water velocity and all solute is exchanged with the storage zone over the experimental reach. As<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>DaI</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>increases, tracer dispersion caused by hyporheic exchange eventually reaches an equilibrium condition and storage-zone exchange parameters become essentially nonidentifiable.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/97WR01067","usgsCitation":"Wagner, B.J., and Harvey, J.W., 1997, Experimental design for estimating parameters of rate-limited mass transfer: Analysis of stream tracer studies: Water Resources Research, v. 33, no. 7, p. 1731-1741, https://doi.org/10.1029/97WR01067.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1731","endPage":"1741","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479977,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/97wr01067","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":227845,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0dc5e4b0c8380cd531ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wagner, Brian J. bjwagner@usgs.gov","contributorId":427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"Brian","email":"bjwagner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":383847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harvey, Judson W. 0000-0002-2654-9873 jwharvey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2654-9873","contributorId":1796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"Judson","email":"jwharvey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":383848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70019769,"text":"70019769 - 1997 - Effects of basin size on low-flow stream chemistry and subsurface contact time in the neversink river watershed, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-26T23:12:11.469772","indexId":"70019769","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of basin size on low-flow stream chemistry and subsurface contact time in the neversink river watershed, New York","docAbstract":"<div class=\"abstract-group \"><div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>The effects of basin size on low-flow stream chemistry and subsurface contact time were examined for a part of the Neversink River watershed in southern New York State. Acid neutralizing capacity (ANC), the sum of base cation concentrations (SBC), pH and concentrations of total aluminum (Al), dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and silicon (Si) were measured during low stream flow at the outlets of nested basins ranging in size from 0·2 to 166·3 km<sup>2</sup>. ANC, SBC, pH, Al and DOC showed pronounced changes as basin size increased from 0·2 to 3 km<sup>2</sup>, but relatively small variations were observed as basin size increased beyond 3 km<sup>2</sup>. An index of subsurface contact time computed from basin topography and soil hydraulic conductivity also showed pronounced changes as basin size increased from 0·2 to 3 km<sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>and smaller changes as basin size increased beyond 3 km<sup>2</sup>. These results suggest that basin size affects low-flow stream chemistry because of the effects of basin size on subsurface contact time.&nbsp;</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/(SICI)1099-1085(199707)11:9<1273::AID-HYP557>3.0.CO;2-S","issn":"08856087","usgsCitation":"Wolock, D., Fan, J., and Lawrence, G., 1997, Effects of basin size on low-flow stream chemistry and subsurface contact time in the neversink river watershed, New York: Hydrological Processes, v. 11, no. 9, p. 1273-1286, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1085(199707)11:9<1273::AID-HYP557>3.0.CO;2-S.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1273","endPage":"1286","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227846,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0695e4b0c8380cd51301","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wolock, D.M. 0000-0002-6209-938X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6209-938X","contributorId":36601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolock","given":"D.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fan, J.","contributorId":40744,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fan","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lawrence, G.B. 0000-0002-8035-2350","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8035-2350","contributorId":76347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lawrence","given":"G.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70019785,"text":"70019785 - 1997 - Use of geochemical mass balance modelling to evaluate the role of weathering in determining stream chemistry in five mid-Atlantic watersheds on different lithologies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-19T14:41:13","indexId":"70019785","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of geochemical mass balance modelling to evaluate the role of weathering in determining stream chemistry in five mid-Atlantic watersheds on different lithologies","docAbstract":"<p>The importance of mineral weathering was assessed and compared for five mid-Atlantic watersheds receiving similar atmospheric inputs but underlain by differing bedrock. Annual solute mass balances and volume-weighted mean solute concentrations were calculated for each watershed for each year of record. In addition, primary and secondary mineralogy were determined for each of the watersheds through analysis of soil samples and thin sections using petrographic, scanning electron microscope, electron microprobe and X-ray diffraction techniques. Mineralogical data were also compiled from the literature. These data were input to NETPATH, a geochemical program that calculates the masses of minerals that react with precipitation to produce stream water chemistry. The feasibilities of the weathering scenarios calculated by NETPATH were evaluated based on relative abundances and reactivities of minerals in the watershed. In watersheds underlain by reactive bedrocks, weathering reactions explained the stream base cation loading. In the acid-sensitive watersheds on unreactive bedrock, calculated weathering scenarios were not consistent with the abundance of reactive minerals in the underlying bedrock, and alternative sources of base cations are discussed.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrological Processes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1002/(SICI)1099-1085(199706)11:7<719::AID-HYP522>3.0.CO;2-2","issn":"08856087","usgsCitation":"O’Brien, A.K., Rice, K.C., Bricker, O.P., Kennedy, M.M., and Anderson, R.T., 1997, Use of geochemical mass balance modelling to evaluate the role of weathering in determining stream chemistry in five mid-Atlantic watersheds on different lithologies: Hydrological Processes, v. 11, no. 7, p. 719-744, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1085(199706)11:7<719::AID-HYP522>3.0.CO;2-2.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"719","endPage":"744","costCenters":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":228136,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"11","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbf17e4b08c986b329957","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O’Brien, Anne K.","contributorId":52955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Brien","given":"Anne","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rice, Karen C. 0000-0002-9356-5443 kcrice@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9356-5443","contributorId":1998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rice","given":"Karen","email":"kcrice@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":383905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bricker, Owen P.","contributorId":25142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bricker","given":"Owen","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kennedy, Margaret M.","contributorId":178170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"Margaret","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Anderson, R. Todd","contributorId":178195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"Todd","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70019800,"text":"70019800 - 1997 - From the 1988 drought to the 1993 flood: Transport of halogenated organic compounds with the Mississippi river suspended sediment at Thebes, Illinois","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-07T09:10:28","indexId":"70019800","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"From the 1988 drought to the 1993 flood: Transport of halogenated organic compounds with the Mississippi river suspended sediment at Thebes, Illinois","docAbstract":"Suspended sediment was isolated from water samples collected from the Mississippi River at Thebes, IL, eight times over a 5-year period from May 1988 through September 1993 in order to evaluate the transport of lipophilic halogenated organic compounds associated with the suspended sediment. Two hydrologic extremes were included-the 1988 drought and the 1993 flood. Halogenated organic compounds included polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), hexachlorobenzene, pentachloroanisole, DCPA (dacthal), trifluralin, aldrin, dieldrin, and chlordane components. Sediment transport of most of these organic compounds was substantially higher during the 1993 flood then at other sampling times. The extreme transports during the flood were due to unusually high concentrations of some contaminants on the suspended sediment, low to average concentrations of suspended sediment being transported, and unusually high water discharges.","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es960513z","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Rostad, C., 1997, From the 1988 drought to the 1993 flood: Transport of halogenated organic compounds with the Mississippi river suspended sediment at Thebes, Illinois: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 31, no. 5, p. 1308-1312, https://doi.org/10.1021/es960513z.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"1308","endPage":"1312","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":227728,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":205974,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es960513z"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois ","county":"Alexander County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-89.2477,37.3358],[-89.2448,37.3335],[-89.2402,37.333],[-89.2379,37.3321],[-89.2315,37.3339],[-89.2292,37.3335],[-89.2269,37.3326],[-89.2234,37.3321],[-89.2211,37.3307],[-89.2194,37.3298],[-89.2153,37.3262],[-89.209,37.3226],[-89.2084,37.3194],[-89.2073,37.3176],[-89.2055,37.3153],[-89.2056,37.3094],[-89.2062,37.3049],[-89.205,37.2981],[-89.2062,37.294],[-89.2062,37.2899],[-89.2086,37.2845],[-89.2109,37.2818],[-89.2161,37.2822],[-89.2196,37.2809],[-89.2225,37.2818],[-89.2253,37.2804],[-89.2312,37.2732],[-89.2341,37.2723],[-89.2369,37.2737],[-89.2387,37.2732],[-89.241,37.2687],[-89.2451,37.2664],[-89.2462,37.2628],[-89.2491,37.2596],[-89.2492,37.2569],[-89.2503,37.2542],[-89.2503,37.2488],[-89.2538,37.2438],[-89.2544,37.2402],[-89.255,37.2379],[-89.255,37.2329],[-89.2579,37.2315],[-89.2596,37.2288],[-89.2625,37.2293],[-89.2654,37.2279],[-89.2677,37.2266],[-89.2683,37.2239],[-89.2689,37.2216],[-89.2649,37.2184],[-89.2643,37.213],[-89.2632,37.2112],[-89.262,37.2107],[-89.262,37.2098],[-89.2626,37.2048],[-89.2615,37.203],[-89.262,37.2016],[-89.262,37.1998],[-89.2615,37.1989],[-89.2592,37.198],[-89.2563,37.1971],[-89.2557,37.1962],[-89.2557,37.1935],[-89.2551,37.1917],[-89.2551,37.1903],[-89.2563,37.1894],[-89.2574,37.1885],[-89.258,37.1871],[-89.2604,37.1858],[-89.2638,37.1849],[-89.2667,37.1822],[-89.2679,37.1803],[-89.2667,37.179],[-89.265,37.1785],[-89.2644,37.1758],[-89.2662,37.1744],[-89.2667,37.1722],[-89.2639,37.1694],[-89.2645,37.1663],[-89.2673,37.1645],[-89.2679,37.1622],[-89.2668,37.1599],[-89.2633,37.1604],[-89.2604,37.1617],[-89.2593,37.1599],[-89.2593,37.1549],[-89.2593,37.1513],[-89.2599,37.1486],[-89.2616,37.1454],[-89.2663,37.1418],[-89.2698,37.1346],[-89.2715,37.1296],[-89.2715,37.1264],[-89.2692,37.1219],[-89.2669,37.1196],[-89.2635,37.1173],[-89.2641,37.1155],[-89.2641,37.1141],[-89.2664,37.1119],[-89.2635,37.1096],[-89.2595,37.1055],[-89.2548,37.1055],[-89.2525,37.1037],[-89.2508,37.101],[-89.2485,37.1014],[-89.245,37.1014],[-89.245,37.1005],[-89.2445,37.0978],[-89.2428,37.0973],[-89.2404,37.0973],[-89.2393,37.0964],[-89.2381,37.095],[-89.2364,37.0932],[-89.2341,37.0923],[-89.2307,37.0923],[-89.2278,37.0932],[-89.226,37.0932],[-89.2237,37.0928],[-89.222,37.0918],[-89.2197,37.0909],[-89.2134,37.09],[-89.2087,37.0891],[-89.2059,37.0886],[-89.2041,37.0886],[-89.2018,37.09],[-89.2001,37.0904],[-89.1978,37.0909],[-89.1961,37.0895],[-89.1949,37.0863],[-89.1915,37.0836],[-89.1897,37.0822],[-89.1834,37.0763],[-89.1805,37.0736],[-89.1794,37.0709],[-89.1771,37.0704],[-89.1759,37.0713],[-89.1707,37.0681],[-89.1771,37.059],[-89.1789,37.0536],[-89.1798,37.0508],[-89.1815,37.041],[-89.181,37.0306],[-89.1807,37.0296],[-89.1799,37.0274],[-89.1702,37.0105],[-89.1545,36.9965],[-89.1451,36.9906],[-89.1339,36.9839],[-89.1421,36.9814],[-89.1527,36.9779],[-89.1596,36.9751],[-89.1648,36.9729],[-89.1719,36.9713],[-89.1798,36.9711],[-89.184,36.9716],[-89.1885,36.9736],[-89.193,36.9773],[-89.1953,36.983],[-89.1965,36.9897],[-89.1964,36.9975],[-89.1975,37.0047],[-89.1988,37.0102],[-89.1989,37.0107],[-89.1998,37.0134],[-89.2017,37.017],[-89.202,37.0175],[-89.2039,37.0196],[-89.2083,37.0231],[-89.2107,37.0243],[-89.2156,37.027],[-89.2194,37.0284],[-89.2263,37.0316],[-89.2325,37.0351],[-89.2383,37.0406],[-89.2428,37.0508],[-89.2469,37.0597],[-89.2504,37.0633],[-89.3063,37.0643],[-89.3092,37.0625],[-89.31,37.059],[-89.3096,37.0535],[-89.3077,37.0505],[-89.3041,37.047],[-89.3008,37.0447],[-89.2963,37.0418],[-89.29,37.0394],[-89.2862,37.0376],[-89.2799,37.0348],[-89.2758,37.034],[-89.273,37.0326],[-89.2691,37.0302],[-89.2649,37.0266],[-89.2607,37.0227],[-89.2586,37.019],[-89.2577,37.014],[-89.2575,37.0098],[-89.2586,37.0059],[-89.2598,37.0031],[-89.2623,37.0001],[-89.2673,36.9958],[-89.2719,36.9917],[-89.2754,36.989],[-89.2796,36.9878],[-89.2846,36.9881],[-89.2881,36.9886],[-89.2909,36.9895],[-89.295,36.9931],[-89.2982,36.9961],[-89.3024,36.9995],[-89.3065,37.0036],[-89.3105,37.0068],[-89.3149,37.0101],[-89.3217,37.0139],[-89.3307,37.0178],[-89.3381,37.0209],[-89.3443,37.024],[-89.354,37.027],[-89.3636,37.0318],[-89.3704,37.0354],[-89.3767,37.0395],[-89.3805,37.0418],[-89.3848,37.0454],[-89.3865,37.0501],[-89.3853,37.0549],[-89.3836,37.0608],[-89.3806,37.0662],[-89.3775,37.0716],[-89.3766,37.0753],[-89.3761,37.0789],[-89.3759,37.0834],[-89.3761,37.0876],[-89.3772,37.0912],[-89.3786,37.0942],[-89.3822,37.0985],[-89.3866,37.1036],[-89.3893,37.1071],[-89.3933,37.1111],[-89.3965,37.1143],[-89.3998,37.1175],[-89.4027,37.1194],[-89.4066,37.1211],[-89.4117,37.1242],[-89.4158,37.1275],[-89.4212,37.1317],[-89.4256,37.1373],[-89.4294,37.1423],[-89.4338,37.1493],[-89.4364,37.1552],[-89.4406,37.1624],[-89.4452,37.1688],[-89.4506,37.1751],[-89.4538,37.1811],[-89.4579,37.1869],[-89.4596,37.1932],[-89.4625,37.201],[-89.466,37.21],[-89.4683,37.2168],[-89.4683,37.2205],[-89.4677,37.2236],[-8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C.E.","contributorId":50939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rostad","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70019807,"text":"70019807 - 1997 - Relationships between salt marsh loss and dredged canals in three Louisiana Estuaries","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:17","indexId":"70019807","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2220,"text":"Journal of Coastal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relationships between salt marsh loss and dredged canals in three Louisiana Estuaries","docAbstract":"Coastal land loss rates were quantified for 27 salt marshes in three estuaries of the Louisiana Mississippi Deltaic plain: Barataria, Terrebonne and St. Bernard. The sites ranged from 23 ha to 908 ha and the total area of all sites was 6,367 ha. Two methods were used to calculate open water and canal density in each of five years: (1) a Geographic Information System for 1956 and 1978, and, (2) a point grid method for 1974, 1988, and 1990. A General Linear Model explained 79% of the variance (R2 = 0.79; P ??? 0.95) among basins for all years and provided an estimate of the impacts of canals in each basin. The land loss rates, virtually all occurring as wetland to open water conversions, were different in each basin. The 'background' land loss rates from 1956 to 1990 (exclusive of the direct or indirect effects of canals; %/yr; ?? + 1 Std. Dev.) for each basin were estimated to be: Barataria: 0.71 ?? 0.12, Terrebonne 0.47 ?? 0.09, and St. Bernard 0.08 ?? 0.14. Canals were equally and directly correlated with landloss in each basin. There was 2.85 ha of open water formed with each ha of canal dredged (inclusive of the canal area) and an additional 1 ha wetland converted to spoil bank vegetation. Additional losses may occur if loss rates continue for periods longer than the mapping intervals. There are documented causal mechanisms involving wetland hydrologic changes that can explain these wetland losses.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Coastal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"07490208","usgsCitation":"Bass, A., and Turner, R., 1997, Relationships between salt marsh loss and dredged canals in three Louisiana Estuaries: Journal of Coastal Research, v. 13, no. 3, p. 895-903.","startPage":"895","endPage":"903","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227848,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa650e4b0c8380cd84db7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bass, A.S.","contributorId":82078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bass","given":"A.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Turner, R.E.","contributorId":39749,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Turner","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16756,"text":"Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":383970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70019810,"text":"70019810 - 1997 - Herbicides and their metabolites in rainfall: Origin, transport, and deposition patterns across the midwestern and northeastern United States, 1990-1991","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-04T10:55:43","indexId":"70019810","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Herbicides and their metabolites in rainfall: Origin, transport, and deposition patterns across the midwestern and northeastern United States, 1990-1991","docAbstract":"<div class=\"hlFld-Abstract\"><div id=\"abstractBox\"><p class=\"articleBody_abstractText\">Herbicides were detected in rainfall throughout the midwestern and northeastern United States during late spring and summer of 1990 and 1991. Herbicide concentrations exhibited distinct geographic and seasonal patterns. The highest concentrations occurred in midwestern cornbelt states following herbicide application to cropland. Volume-weighted concentrations of 0.2−0.4 μg/L for atrazine and alachlor were typical in this area during mid-April through mid-July, and weighted concentrations as large as 0.6−0.9 μg/L occurred at several sites. Concentrations of 1−3 μg/L were measured in a few individual samples. Atrazine was detected most often followed by alachlor, deethylatrazine, metolachlor, cyanazine, and deisopropylatrazine. The high ratio (∼0.5) of deethylatrazine to atrazine in rainfall suggests atmospheric degradation of atrazine. Mass deposition of herbicides was greatest in areas where herbicide use was high and decreased with distance from the cornbelt. Estimated deposition rates for both atrazine and alachlor ranged from more than 240 μg m<sup>-</sup><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>yr<sup>-</sup><sup>1</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>for some areas in the midwestern states to less than 10 μg m<sup>-</sup><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>yr<sup>-</sup><sup>1</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>for the New England states. The estimated annual deposition of atrazine on the Great Lakes ranged from about 12 to 63 μg m<sup>-</sup><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>yr<sup>-</sup><sup>1</sup>. The total amounts of atrazine and alachlor deposited annually in rainfall in the study area represent about 0.6% of the atrazine and 0.4% of the alachlor applied annually to crops in the study area.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es960847o","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Goolsby, D.A., Thurman, E., Pomes, M., Meyer, M.T., and Battaglin, W., 1997, Herbicides and their metabolites in rainfall: Origin, transport, and deposition patterns across the midwestern and northeastern United States, 1990-1991: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 31, no. 5, p. 1325-1333, https://doi.org/10.1021/es960847o.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1325","endPage":"1333","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":227891,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":206018,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es960847o"}],"volume":"31","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1997-04-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a306ce4b0c8380cd5d627","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goolsby, D. A.","contributorId":50508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goolsby","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thurman, E.M.","contributorId":102864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thurman","given":"E.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pomes, M.L.","contributorId":84393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pomes","given":"M.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Meyer, M. T.","contributorId":92279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Battaglin, W.A.","contributorId":16376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Battaglin","given":"W.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70019811,"text":"70019811 - 1997 - Modeling structural influences on soil water retention","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-13T05:42:47","indexId":"70019811","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3420,"text":"Soil Science Society of America Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling structural influences on soil water retention","docAbstract":"A new model quantities the effect of soil structure, considered as the arrangement of particles in the soil, on soil water retention. The model partitions the pore space into texture-related and structure-related components, the textural component being what can be deduced to exist if the arrangement of the particles were random, and the structural component being the remainder. An existing model, based on particle-size distributions, represents the textural component, and a new model, based on aggregate-size distributions, represents the structural component. This new model makes use of generalized properties that vary little from one medium to another, thereby eliminating any need for empirically tilted parameters. It postulates a particular character of the structural pore space that in same ways resembles texture-related pore space, but with pore shape related to the breadth of the aggregate-size distribution. To predict a soil water retention curve, this model requires the soil's porosity and particle- and aggregate-size distributions. Tested with measurements for 17 samples from two sources, it fits the data much better than does a model based on texture alone. Goodness of fit indicated by correlation coefficients ranged from 0.908 to 0.998 for the new model, compared with a range of 0.686 in 0.955 for the texture-based model.","language":"English","publisher":"ACSESS","doi":"10.2136/sssaj1997.03615995006100030002x","issn":"03615995","usgsCitation":"Nimmo, J., 1997, Modeling structural influences on soil water retention: Soil Science Society of America Journal, v. 61, no. 3, p. 712-719, https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj1997.03615995006100030002x.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"712","endPage":"719","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":227935,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"61","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5c32e4b0c8380cd6facc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nimmo, J. R. 0000-0001-8191-1727","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8191-1727","contributorId":58304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nimmo","given":"J. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70019813,"text":"70019813 - 1997 - Nitrogen fluxes in a high elevation Colorado Rocky Mountain basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-26T23:09:51.655255","indexId":"70019813","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nitrogen fluxes in a high elevation Colorado Rocky Mountain basin","docAbstract":"<div class=\"abstract-group \"><div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>Measured, calculated and simulated values were combined to develop an annual nitrogen budget for Loch Vale Watershed (LVWS) in the Colorado Front Range. Nine-year average wet nitrogen deposition values were 1·6 (<i>s</i>=0·36) kg NO<sub>3</sub>-N ha<sup>−1</sup>, and 1·0 (<i>s</i>=0·3) kg NH<sub>4</sub>-N ha<sup>−1</sup>. Assuming dry nitrogen deposition to be half that of measured wet deposition, this high elevation watershed receives 3·9 kg N ha<sup>−1</sup>. Although deposition values fluctuated with precipitation, measured stream nitrogen outputs were less variable. Of the total N input to the watershed (3·9 kg N ha<sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>wet plus dry deposition), 49% of the total N input was immobilized. Stream losses were 2·0 kg N ha<sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>(1125 kg measured dissolved inorganic N in 1992, 1–2 kg calculated dissolved organic N, plus an average of 203 kg algal N from the entire 660 ha watershed). Tundra and aquatic algae were the largest reservoirs for incoming N, at approximately 18% and 15% of the total 2574 kg N deposition, respectively. Rocky areas and forest stored the remaining 11% and 5%, respectively. Fully 80% of N losses from the watershed came from the 68% of LVWS that is alpine. © 1997 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/(SICI)1099-1085(199706)11:7<783::AID-HYP519>3.0.CO;2-U","issn":"08856087","usgsCitation":"Baron, J., and Campbell, K., 1997, Nitrogen fluxes in a high elevation Colorado Rocky Mountain basin: Hydrological Processes, v. 11, no. 7, p. 783-799, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1085(199706)11:7<783::AID-HYP519>3.0.CO;2-U.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"783","endPage":"799","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227937,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a66dae4b0c8380cd7301a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baron, Jill 0000-0002-5902-6251 jill_baron@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5902-6251","contributorId":194124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baron","given":"Jill","email":"jill_baron@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":383992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Campbell, K.","contributorId":63351,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Campbell","given":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":47665,"text":"St. Anthony Falls Laboratory, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":383993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70019819,"text":"70019819 - 1997 - Occurrence of selected herbicides and herbicide degradation products in Iowa's Ground Water, 1995","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-08T16:31:44","indexId":"70019819","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Occurrence of selected herbicides and herbicide degradation products in Iowa's Ground Water, 1995","docAbstract":"<p>Herbicide compounds were prevalent in ground water across Iowa, being detected in 70% of the 106 municipal wells sampled during the summer of 1995. Herbicide degradation products were three of the four most frequently detected compounds for this study. The degradation product alachlor ethanesulfonic acid was the most frequently detected compound (65.1%), followed by atrazine (40.6%), and the degradation products deethylatrazine (34.9%), and cyanazine amide (19.8%). The corn herbicide acetochlor, first registered for widespread use in the United States in March 1994, was detected in a single water sample. No reported herbicide compound concentrations for this study exceeded currem U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's maximum contaminant levels or health advisory levels for drinking water, although the herbicide degradation products examined have yet to have such levels established.</p>\n<p>The occurrence of herbicide compounds had a significant, inverse relation to well depth and a significant, positive relation to dissolved-oxygen concentration. It is felt that both well depth and dissolved oxygen are acting as rough surrogates to ground-water age, with younger ground water being more likely to contain herbicide compounds. The occurrence of herbicide compounds was substantially different among the major aquifer types across Iowa, being detected in 82.5% of the alluvial, 81.8% of the bedrock/ karst region, 40.0% of the glacial-drift, and 25.0% of the bedrock/nonkarst region aquifers. The observed distribution was partially attributed to variations in general ground-water age among these aquifer types. A significant, inverse relation was determined between total herbicide compound concentrations in ground water and the average soil slope within a 2-km radius of sampled wells. Steeper soil slopes may increase the likelihood of surface runoff occurring rather than ground-water infiltration&ndash;decreasing the transport of herbicide compounds to ground water. As expected, a significant positive relation was determined between intensity of herbicide use and herbicide concentrations in ground water.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1997.tb00134.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Kolpin, D., Kalkhoff, S., Goolsby, D.A., Sneck-Fahrer, D.A., and Thurman, E., 1997, Occurrence of selected herbicides and herbicide degradation products in Iowa's Ground Water, 1995: Ground Water, v. 35, no. 4, p. 679-688, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1997.tb00134.x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"679","endPage":"688","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":228060,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-91.217706,43.50055],[-91.216035,43.481142],[-91.233367,43.455168],[-91.200359,43.412701],[-91.198953,43.389835],[-91.21477,43.365874],[-91.20662,43.352524],[-91.132813,43.32803],[-91.107237,43.313645],[-91.07371,43.274746],[-91.071698,43.261014],[-91.058644,43.257679],[-91.066398,43.239293],[-91.12217,43.197255],[-91.1462,43.152405],[-91.1562,43.142945],[-91.175253,43.134665],[-91.179457,43.067427],[-91.156562,42.978226],[-91.14543,42.958211],[-91.14988,42.941955],[-91.1438,42.922877],[-91.146177,42.90985],[-91.100565,42.883078],[-91.097656,42.859871],[-91.091837,42.851225],[-91.09406,42.830813],[-91.078665,42.827678],[-91.069549,42.769628],[-91.060261,42.761847],[-91.065783,42.753387],[-91.056297,42.747341],[-91.051275,42.737001],[-91.035418,42.73734],[-91.026786,42.724228],[-91.000128,42.716189],[-90.977735,42.696816],[-90.949213,42.685573],[-90.923634,42.6855],[-90.88743,42.67247],[-90.731132,42.643437],[-90.706303,42.634169],[-90.692031,42.610366],[-90.686975,42.591774],[-90.661527,42.567999],[-90.654127,42.5499],[-90.643927,42.540401],[-90.636927,42.513202],[-90.655927,42.491703],[-90.654027,42.478503],[-90.624328,42.458904],[-90.567968,42.440389],[-90.560439,42.432897],[-90.555018,42.416138],[-90.477279,42.383794],[-90.462619,42.367253],[-90.443874,42.355218],[-90.416535,42.325109],[-90.430884,42.27823],[-90.419326,42.254467],[-90.400653,42.239293],[-90.391108,42.225473],[-90.356964,42.205445],[-90.328273,42.201047],[-90.282173,42.178846],[-90.234919,42.165431],[-90.209479,42.15268],[-90.197342,42.128163],[-90.167533,42.122475],[-90.161159,42.106372],[-90.168358,42.075779],[-90.164485,42.042105],[-90.151579,42.030633],[-90.140061,42.003252],[-90.146225,41.981329],[-90.164135,41.956178],[-90.163847,41.944934],[-90.152659,41.933058],[-90.153584,41.906614],[-90.181401,41.844647],[-90.181973,41.80707],[-90.278633,41.767358],[-90.310708,41.742214],[-90.317668,41.72269],[-90.313435,41.698082],[-90.334525,41.679559],[-90.343452,41.646959],[-90.339528,41.598633],[-90.343228,41.587833],[-90.41283,41.565333],[-90.461432,41.523533],[-90.500633,41.518033],[-90.540935,41.526133],[-90.591037,41.512832],[-90.602137,41.506032],[-90.605937,41.494232],[-90.655839,41.462132],[-90.750142,41.449632],[-90.846558,41.455141],[-90.930016,41.421404],[-90.979815,41.434321],[-91.027787,41.423603],[-91.043988,41.415897],[-91.05101,41.387556],[-91.06652,41.365246],[-91.074841,41.305578],[-91.092034,41.286911],[-91.114186,41.250029],[-91.113648,41.241401],[-91.07298,41.207151],[-91.041536,41.166138],[-91.027214,41.163373],[-91.007586,41.166183],[-90.99496,41.160624],[-90.946627,41.096632],[-90.949383,41.072711],[-90.942253,41.034702],[-90.945949,41.006495],[-90.958142,40.979767],[-90.952233,40.954047],[-90.965344,40.921633],[-91.009536,40.900565],[-91.021562,40.884021],[-91.044653,40.868356],[-91.05643,40.848387],[-91.092993,40.821079],[-91.097649,40.805575],[-91.091703,40.779708],[-91.110424,40.745528],[-91.115735,40.725168],[-91.11194,40.697018],[-91.123928,40.669152],[-91.185428,40.638071],[-91.253074,40.637962],[-91.306524,40.626231],[-91.339719,40.613488],[-91.359873,40.601805],[-91.379752,40.57445],[-91.401482,40.559458],[-91.406373,40.551831],[-91.404125,40.539127],[-91.384531,40.530948],[-91.369059,40.512532],[-91.364211,40.500043],[-91.364915,40.484168],[-91.381769,40.442555],[-91.372554,40.4012],[-91.381958,40.387632],[-91.419422,40.378264],[-91.441243,40.386255],[-91.452458,40.375501],[-91.463895,40.375659],[-91.465116,40.385257],[-91.484507,40.3839],[-91.490977,40.393484],[-91.487829,40.403866],[-91.498093,40.401926],[-91.522333,40.409648],[-91.527057,40.416689],[-91.519012,40.431298],[-91.529132,40.434272],[-91.533548,40.440804],[-91.523271,40.450061],[-91.526155,40.458625],[-91.552691,40.458769],[-91.574746,40.465664],[-91.590817,40.492292],[-91.621353,40.510072],[-91.618028,40.53403],[-91.6219,40.542292],[-91.6887,40.55739],[-91.691557,40.564867],[-91.686357,40.580875],[-91.716769,40.59853],[-91.729115,40.61364],[-92.686693,40.589809],[-94.294813,40.571341],[-94.632032,40.571186],[-95.765645,40.585208],[-95.753148,40.59284],[-95.748626,40.603355],[-95.768926,40.621264],[-95.776251,40.647463],[-95.795489,40.662384],[-95.822913,40.66724],[-95.842801,40.677496],[-95.852615,40.702262],[-95.883178,40.717579],[-95.888907,40.731855],[-95.879027,40.753081],[-95.84662,40.768619],[-95.835232,40.779151],[-95.834523,40.787778],[-95.845342,40.811324],[-95.837186,40.835347],[-95.847084,40.854174],[-95.847785,40.864328],[-95.838735,40.872191],[-95.815933,40.879846],[-95.809474,40.891228],[-95.813458,40.901693],[-95.836438,40.921642],[-95.839743,40.93278],[-95.829074,40.975688],[-95.838908,40.986484],[-95.867286,41.001599],[-95.869486,41.009399],[-95.859918,41.025403],[-95.859654,41.035695],[-95.882415,41.060411],[-95.862587,41.088399],[-95.865888,41.117898],[-95.88208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 \"}}]}","volume":"35","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-08-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6c2ee4b0c8380cd74abd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kolpin, D.W.","contributorId":87565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolpin","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kalkhoff, S. J.","contributorId":28967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kalkhoff","given":"S. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goolsby, D. A.","contributorId":50508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goolsby","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sneck-Fahrer, D. A.","contributorId":58328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sneck-Fahrer","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Thurman, E.M.","contributorId":102864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thurman","given":"E.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70019820,"text":"70019820 - 1997 - Hydrological processes - Letters: Topographic controls on subsurface storm flow at the hillslope scale for Two hydrologically distinct small catchments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-26T23:07:38.929072","indexId":"70019820","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrological processes - Letters: Topographic controls on subsurface storm flow at the hillslope scale for Two hydrologically distinct small catchments","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/(SICI)1099-1085(199707)11:9<1347::AID-HYP592>3.0.CO;2-R","issn":"08856087","usgsCitation":"Freer, J., McDonnell, J., Beven, K., Brammer, D., Burns, D., Hooper, R.P., and Kendal, C., 1997, Hydrological processes - Letters: Topographic controls on subsurface storm flow at the hillslope scale for Two hydrologically distinct small catchments: Hydrological Processes, v. 11, no. 9, p. 1347-1352, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1085(199707)11:9<1347::AID-HYP592>3.0.CO;2-R.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1347","endPage":"1352","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":228061,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a36aee4b0c8380cd608f2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Freer, J.","contributorId":61975,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freer","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McDonnell, J.","contributorId":61587,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDonnell","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Beven, K.J.","contributorId":62759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beven","given":"K.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brammer, D.","contributorId":63973,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brammer","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Burns, D.","contributorId":91260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burns","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hooper, R. P.","contributorId":26321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooper","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kendal, C.","contributorId":94055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendal","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70019832,"text":"70019832 - 1997 - Climatic/Hydrologic Oscillations since 155,000 yr B.P. at Owens Lake, California, Reflected in Abundance and Stable Isotope Composition of Sediment Carbonate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-27T11:36:04","indexId":"70019832","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3218,"text":"Quaternary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climatic/Hydrologic Oscillations since 155,000 yr B.P. at Owens Lake, California, Reflected in Abundance and Stable Isotope Composition of Sediment Carbonate","docAbstract":"<p><span>Sediment grain size, carbonate content, and stable isotopes in 70-cm-long (∼1500-yr) channel samples from Owens Lake core OL-92 record many oscillations representing climate change in the eastern Sierra Nevada region since 155,000 yr B.P. To first order, the records match well the marine δ</span><span class=\"sup\">18</span><span>O record. At Owens Lake, however, the last interglaciation appears to span the entire period from 120,000 to 50,000 yr B.P., according to our chronology, and was punctuated by numerous short periods of wetter conditions during an otherwise dry climate. Sediment proxies reveal that the apparent timing of glacial–interglacial transitions, notably the penultimate one, is proxy-dependent. In the grain-size and carbonate-content records this transition is abrupt and occurs at ∼120,000 yr B.P. In contrast, in the isotopic records the transition is gradual and occurs between 145,000 and 120,000 yr B.P. Differences in timing of the transition are attributed to variable responses by proxies to climate change.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1006/qres.1997.1898","issn":"00335894","usgsCitation":"Menking, K., Bischoff, J.L., Fitzpatrick, J., Burdette, J., and Rye, R.O., 1997, Climatic/Hydrologic Oscillations since 155,000 yr B.P. at Owens Lake, California, Reflected in Abundance and Stable Isotope Composition of Sediment Carbonate: Quaternary Research, v. 48, no. 1, p. 58-68, https://doi.org/10.1006/qres.1997.1898.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"58","endPage":"68","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":266465,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1006/qres.1997.1898"},{"id":228256,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f66be4b0c8380cd4c75c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Menking, K.M.","contributorId":45845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Menking","given":"K.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bischoff, J. L.","contributorId":28969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bischoff","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fitzpatrick, J.A.","contributorId":52205,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitzpatrick","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Burdette, J.W.","contributorId":55983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burdette","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rye, R. O.","contributorId":66208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rye","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70019839,"text":"70019839 - 1997 - Assessing aquifer contamination risk using immunoassay: Trace analysis of atrazine in unsaturated zone sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-07T09:34:45","indexId":"70019839","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2262,"text":"Journal of Environmental Quality","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing aquifer contamination risk using immunoassay: Trace analysis of atrazine in unsaturated zone sediments","docAbstract":"The vulnerability of a shallow aquifer in south-central Kansas to contamination by atrazine (2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamines-triazine) was assessed by analyzing unsaturated zone soil and sediment samples from about 60 dryland and irrigated sites using an ultrasensitive immunoassay (detection level of 0.02 µg/kg) with verification by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Samples were collected at depths of 0 to 1.2 m (i.e., the root zone), 1.2 to 1.8 m, and 1.8 to 3.0 m during two time periods-prior to planting and after harvest of crops. About 75% of the samples contained detectable concentrations of parent atrazine. At the shallow sampling depth, atrazine concentrations ranged from 0.5 to approximately 12 µg/kg. Atrazine concentrations at the intermediate (1.2-1.8 m) depth generally were <1.0 µg/kg, with most of the concentrations <0.10 µg/kg, which suggests substantial degradation of parent atrazine in the root zone. Likewise, atrazine concentrations front the deepest (1.8-3.0 m) depth ranged from <0.02 to 0.33 µg/kg. The metabolite deethylatrazine (2-amino-4-chloro-6- isopropylamine-s-triazine) was detected by GC/MS only in 2 of 60 samples with concentrations of 1.4 and 1.5 µg/kg. The reconnaissance survey shows that, in spite of atrazine use ranging from 1 to 5 or more years, there does not appear to he a significant buildup of parent compound below the root zone. Therefore, the unsaturated zone does not appear to be a major storage compartment of atrazine contamination for the underlying shallow aquifer.","language":"English","publisher":"ACSESS","doi":"10.2134/jeq1997.00472425002600040020x","issn":"00472425","usgsCitation":"Juracek, K.E., and Thurman, E., 1997, Assessing aquifer contamination risk using immunoassay: Trace analysis of atrazine in unsaturated zone sediments: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 26, no. 4, p. 1080-1089, https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq1997.00472425002600040020x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1080","endPage":"1089","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":227730,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059edcae4b0c8380cd499e8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Juracek, K. E. 0000-0002-2102-8980","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2102-8980","contributorId":44570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Juracek","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thurman, E.M.","contributorId":102864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thurman","given":"E.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70019716,"text":"70019716 - 1997 - Effect of flagellates on free-living bacterial abundance in an organically contaminated aquifer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-13T06:20:46","indexId":"70019716","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1621,"text":"FEMS Microbiology Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of flagellates on free-living bacterial abundance in an organically contaminated aquifer","docAbstract":"Little is known about the role of protists in the saturated subsurface. Porous media microcosms containing bacteria and protists, were used to determine whether flagellates from an organically contaminated aquifer could substantively affect the number of free- living bacteria (FLB). When flagellates were present, the 3-40% maximum breakthrough of fluorescent y labelled FLB injected into the microcosms was much lower than the 60-130% observed for killed controls Grazing and clearance rates (3-27 FLB flag-1 h-1 and 12-23 nI flag-1 h-1, respectively) calculated from the data were in the range reported for flagellates in other aqueous environments. The data provide evidence that flagellate bacterivory is an important control on groundwater FLB populations.","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford","doi":"10.1016/S0168-6445(97)00011-9","issn":"01686445","usgsCitation":"Kinner, N., Harvey, R., and Kazmierkiewicz-Tabaka, M., 1997, Effect of flagellates on free-living bacterial abundance in an organically contaminated aquifer: FEMS Microbiology Reviews, v. 20, no. 3-4, p. 249-259, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-6445(97)00011-9.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"249","endPage":"259","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":480034,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0168-6445(97)00011-9","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":228288,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":206098,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0168-6445(97)00011-9"}],"volume":"20","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a05dee4b0c8380cd50fd5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kinner, N.E.","contributorId":29583,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kinner","given":"N.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harvey, R.W. 0000-0002-2791-8503","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2791-8503","contributorId":11757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"R.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kazmierkiewicz-Tabaka, M.","contributorId":20923,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kazmierkiewicz-Tabaka","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70019851,"text":"70019851 - 1997 - Temporal trends of selected agricultural chemicals in Iowa's groundwater, 1982-1995: Are things getting better?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-08T16:29:59","indexId":"70019851","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2262,"text":"Journal of Environmental Quality","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Temporal trends of selected agricultural chemicals in Iowa's groundwater, 1982-1995: Are things getting better?","docAbstract":"<p><span>Since 1982, the Iowa Groundwater Monitoring (IGWM) Program has been used to sample untreated groundwater from Iowa municipal wells for selected agricultural chemicals. This long-term database was used to determine if concentrations of select agricultural chemicals in groundwater have changed with time. Nitrate, alachlor [2-chloro-2&prime;-6&prime;-diethyl-</span><i>N</i><span>-(methoxymethyl)-acetanilide], atrazine (2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-</span><i>s</i><span>-triazine), cyanazine [2-[[4-chloro-6-(ethylamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]amino]-2-methylpropionitrile)], and metolachlor [2-chloro-</span><i>N</i><span>-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-</span><i>N</i><span>-(2-methoxy-1-methylethyl) acetamide] were selected for this temporal analysis of the data. Conclusive temporal changes in frequency of detection and median chemical concentrations were found only for atrazine (decrease) and metolachlor (increase). The greatest temporal chemical changes occurred in the shallowest wells and in alluvial aquifers&mdash;both relating to groups of wells generally having the youngest groundwater age. The temporal patterns found for atrazine and metolachlor are consistent with their patterns of chemical use and/or application rates and are suggestive of a causal relation. Only continued data collection, however, will indicate if the trends in chemical concentrations described here represent long-term temporal patterns or only short-term changes in groundwater. No definitive answers could be made in regards to the question of overall improvements in groundwater quality with respect to agricultural chemical contamination and time, due to the inherent problems with the simplistic measurement of overall severity (summation of alachlor + atrazine + cyanazine + metolachlor concentrations) examined for this study. To adequately determine if there is an actual decreasing trend in the overall severity of contamination (improving groundwater quality), the collection of additional water-chemistry data and the investigation of other measures of severity are needed.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"ACSESS","doi":"10.2134/jeq1997.00472425002600040012x","issn":"00472425","usgsCitation":"Kolpin, D., Sneck-Fahrer, D., Hallberg, G., and Libra, R., 1997, Temporal trends of selected agricultural chemicals in Iowa's groundwater, 1982-1995: Are things getting better?: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 26, no. 4, p. 1007-1017, https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq1997.00472425002600040012x.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1007","endPage":"1017","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology 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,{"id":70019852,"text":"70019852 - 1997 - Regional delineation of North America for the assessment of freshwater ecosystems and climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-26T23:05:15.699961","indexId":"70019852","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Regional delineation of North America for the assessment of freshwater ecosystems and climate change","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/(SICI)1099-1085(19970630)11:8<819::AID-HYP508>3.0.CO;2-8","issn":"08856087","usgsCitation":"Leavesley, G., Turner, K.L., D’Agnese, F.A., and McKnight, D., 1997, Regional delineation of North America for the assessment of freshwater ecosystems and climate change: Hydrological Processes, v. 11, no. 8, p. 819-824, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1085(19970630)11:8<819::AID-HYP508>3.0.CO;2-8.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"819","endPage":"824","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227895,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a4bae4b0e8fec6cdbc30","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leavesley, G.H.","contributorId":93895,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leavesley","given":"G.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Turner, Katie L.","contributorId":63552,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Turner","given":"Katie","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"D’Agnese, F. A.","contributorId":6096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"D’Agnese","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McKnight, D.","contributorId":48713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKnight","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70019861,"text":"70019861 - 1997 - Potential effects of climate change on freshwater ecosystems of the New England/Mid-Atlantic Region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-26T23:00:35.804597","indexId":"70019861","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Potential effects of climate change on freshwater ecosystems of the New England/Mid-Atlantic Region","docAbstract":"<p>Numerous freshwater ecosystems, dense concentrations of humans along the eastern seaboard, extensive forests and a history of intensive land use distinguish the New England/Mid-Atlantic Region. Human population densities are forecast to increase in portions of the region at the same time that climate is expected to be changing. Consequently, the effects of humans and climatic change are likely to affect freshwater ecosystems within the region interactively. The general climate, at present, is humid continental, and the region receives abundant precipitation. Climatic projections for a 2 × CO<sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>atmosphere, however, suggest warmer and drier conditions for much of this region. Annual temperature increases ranging from 3–5°C are projected, with the greatest increases occurring in autumn or winter. According to a water balance model, the projected increase in temperature will result in greater rates of evaporation and evapotranspiration. This could cause a 21 and 31% reduction in annual stream flow in the southern and northern sections of the region, respectively, with greatest reductions occurring in autumn and winter. The amount and duration of snow cover is also projected to decrease across the region, and summer convective thunderstorms are likely to decrease in frequency but increase in intensity.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/(SICI)1099-1085(19970630)11:8<925::AID-HYP512>3.0.CO;2-X","issn":"08856087","usgsCitation":"Moore, M., Pace, M.L., Mather, J., Murdoch, P., Howarth, R.W., Folt, C., Chen, C., Hemond, H.F., Flebbe, P., and Driscoll, C.T., 1997, Potential effects of climate change on freshwater ecosystems of the New England/Mid-Atlantic Region: Hydrological Processes, v. 11, no. 8, p. 925-947, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1085(19970630)11:8<925::AID-HYP512>3.0.CO;2-X.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"925","endPage":"947","numberOfPages":"23","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":228063,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7ecde4b0c8380cd7a76d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, M.V.","contributorId":61187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"M.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pace, M. L.","contributorId":72542,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pace","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mather, J.R.","contributorId":49127,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mather","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Murdoch, Peter S.","contributorId":73547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murdoch","given":"Peter S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Howarth, R. W.","contributorId":48126,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Howarth","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":12722,"text":"Cornell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":384195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Folt, C.L.","contributorId":34671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Folt","given":"C.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Chen, C.-Y.","contributorId":41973,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"C.-Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hemond, Harold F.","contributorId":34673,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hemond","given":"Harold","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":13299,"text":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":384192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Flebbe, P.A.","contributorId":18922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flebbe","given":"P.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Driscoll, C. T.","contributorId":47530,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Driscoll","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70019878,"text":"70019878 - 1997 - Effects of solution mining of salt on wetland hydrology as inferred from tree rings","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-15T10:35:43","indexId":"70019878","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of solution mining of salt on wetland hydrology as inferred from tree rings","docAbstract":"<p><span>Radial growth and concentrations of selected elements within rings were studied in white pine (</span><i>Pinus strobus</i><span>) trees from a wetland in central New York approximately 5 km north of a salt-solution mining field that operated from 1889 to 1988. Trees seemingly document three sequential episodes of mine-induced alterations of groundwater discharge irrigating the wetland during the 100-year period. The radial growth of trees established before the onset of mining declined abruptly in the early 1890s and remained suppressed until about 1960, as did growth of numerous other trees that became established after the onset of mining. Suppressed pre-1960 radial growth coincided with the interval that surface water was injected into the saltbeds, suggesting that losses of injected water to the bedrock and/or unconsolidated deposits increased groundwater flow into the wetland. An abrupt and sustained enhancement of radial growth beginning about 1960 indicates that the wetland became drier, and thus more conducive to tree growth, when injection practices were discontinued in the late 1950s despite the continued pumping of brine. Following the cessation of mining in the late 1980s, head pressures again increased in the upper valley, driving chloride-enriched flow northward along regional bedding-plane fractures and into the wetland. Large concentrations of chloride were detected within the most recently formed rings of some trees. As the result of chloride-enriched irrigation, the radial growth of some trees declined, and some trees died. Thus trees have preserved evidence of a century of hydrologic alterations, unobtainable by other means, where the effects of brine mining have not been documented previously.</span><span id=\"_mce_caret\" data-mce-bogus=\"true\"><strong></strong></span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/96WR03688","usgsCitation":"Yanosky, T.M., and Kappel, W.M., 1997, Effects of solution mining of salt on wetland hydrology as inferred from tree rings: Water Resources Research, v. 33, no. 3, p. 457-470, https://doi.org/10.1029/96WR03688.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"457","endPage":"470","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":228296,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a07d2e4b0c8380cd5185e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yanosky, Thomas M.","contributorId":40589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yanosky","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kappel, William M. 0000-0002-2382-9757 wkappel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2382-9757","contributorId":1074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kappel","given":"William","email":"wkappel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":384245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70019879,"text":"70019879 - 1997 - Fractured-aquifer hydrogeology from geophysical logs; the passaic formation, New Jersey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-13T06:45:46","indexId":"70019879","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fractured-aquifer hydrogeology from geophysical logs; the passaic formation, New Jersey","docAbstract":"<div class=\"abstract-group\"><div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>The Passaic Formation consists of gradational sequences of mudstone, siltstone, and sandstone, and is a principal aquifer in central New Jersey. Ground‐water flow is primarily controlled by fractures interspersed throughout these sedimentary rocks and characterizing these fractures in terms of type, orientation, spatial distribution, frequency, and transmissivity is fundamental towards understanding local fluid‐transport processes. To obtain this information, a comprehensive suite of geophysical logs was collected in 10 wells roughly 46 m in depth and located within a .05 km<sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>area in Hopewell Township, New Jersey. A seemingly complex, heterogeneous network of fractures identified with an acoustic televiewer was statistically reduced to two principal subsets corresponding to two distinct fracture types: (1) bedding‐plane partings and (2) high‐angle fractures. Bedding‐plane partings are the most numerous and have an average strike of N84°W and dip of 20° N. The high‐angle fractures are oriented subparallel to these features, with an average strike of N79° E and dip of 71° S, making the two fracture types roughly orthogonal. Their intersections form linear features that also retain this approximately east‐west strike. Inspection of fluid temperature and conductance logs in conjunction with flow meter measurements obtained during pumping allows the transmissive fractures to be distinguished from the general fracture population. These results show that, within the resolution capabilities of the logging tools, approximately 51 (or 18 percent) of the 280 total fractures are water producing. The bedding‐plane partings exhibit transmissivities that average roughly 5 m<sup>2</sup>/day and that generally diminish in magnitude and frequency with depth. The high‐angle fractures have average transmissivities that are about half those of the bedding‐plane partings and show no apparent dependence upon depth. The geophysical logging results allow us to infer a distinct hydrogeologic structure within this aquifer that is defined by fracture type and orientation. Fluid flow near the surface is controlled primarily by the highly transmissive, subhorizontal bedding‐plane partings. As depth increases, the high‐angle fractures apparently become more dominant hydrologically.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1997.tb00090.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Morin, R.H., Carleton, G., and Poirier, S., 1997, Fractured-aquifer hydrogeology from geophysical logs; the passaic formation, New Jersey: Ground Water, v. 35, no. 2, p. 328-338, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1997.tb00090.x.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"328","endPage":"338","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":228297,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-08-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a13b6e4b0c8380cd5475b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morin, R. H.","contributorId":31794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morin","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carleton, G.B.","contributorId":107729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carleton","given":"G.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Poirier, S.","contributorId":53109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poirier","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
]}