{"pageNumber":"4006","pageRowStart":"100125","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184938,"records":[{"id":70186584,"text":"70186584 - 1994 - Geology of metamor­ phiccorecomplexes and associated extensional structures in north­ central Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-05T14:51:33","indexId":"70186584","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"title":"Geology of metamor­ phiccorecomplexes and associated extensional structures in north­ central Washington","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available&nbsp;</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Regional geology of Washington State","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"State of Washington, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geology and Earth Resources","usgsCitation":"Fox, K., 1994, Geology of metamor­ phiccorecomplexes and associated extensional structures in north­ central Washington, 27 p. .","productDescription":"27 p. ","startPage":"21","endPage":"47","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":339253,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58e60278e4b09da6799ac6af","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fox, K. F. Jr.","contributorId":46554,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fox","given":"K. F.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":689655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":21334,"text":"ofr93365 - 1994 - Ground-water quality for Grainger County, Tennessee","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-24T20:29:12.807046","indexId":"ofr93365","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-365","title":"Ground-water quality for Grainger County, Tennessee","docAbstract":"The residents of Grainger County depend on ground water for many of their daily needs including personal consumption and crop irrigation.  To address concerns associated with ground-water quality related to domestic use, the U.S. Geological Survey collected water samples from 35 wells throughout the county during the summer 1992.  The water samples were analyzed to determine if pesticides, nutrients, bacteria, and other selected constituents were present in the ground water.  Wells selected for the study were between 100 and 250 feet deep and yielded 10 to 50 gallons of water per minute.  Laboratory analyses of the water found no organic pesticides at concentrations exceeding the primary maximum contaminant levels established by the State of Tennessee for wells used for public supply. However, fecal coliform bacteria were detected at concentrations exceeding the State's maximum contaminant level in water from 15 of the 35 wells sampled.  Analyses also indicated several inorganic compounds were present in the water samples at concentrations exceeding the secondary maximum contaminant level.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr93365","usgsCitation":"Weaver, J., Patel, A., and Hickey, A., 1994, Ground-water quality for Grainger County, Tennessee: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 93-365, iii, 14 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr93365.","productDescription":"iii, 14 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155846,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":1279,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/ofr_93-365/index.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a95e4b07f02db659d48","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weaver, J.D.","contributorId":29466,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weaver","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":184236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Patel, A.R.","contributorId":28270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patel","given":"A.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":184235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hickey, A.C.","contributorId":49398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hickey","given":"A.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":184237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":33234,"text":"b2099 - 1994 - A field-trip guide to Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, Montana, and Idaho: Volcanic, hydrothermal, and glacial activity in the region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-20T19:32:04.129739","indexId":"b2099","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2099","title":"A field-trip guide to Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, Montana, and Idaho: Volcanic, hydrothermal, and glacial activity in the region","docAbstract":"<p>This field-trip guide was originally prepared for the 7th International Symposium on Water/Rock Interaction (WRI-7) held in July 1992 in Park City, Utah. A large and diversified group of earth scientists and accompanying family members participated in this 3 1/2-day field trip that focused on water/rock interactions over widely ranging temperatures and pressures in the Yellowstone/Grand Teton region. Emphasis was placed on the geochemical and hydrologic characteristics of the thermal waters in the major \"geyser basins\" of Yellowstone National Park. Information specific to the WRI-7 trip about logistics, lodging, and meals has been deleted from the present guide. The scientific content remains mostly unchanged, except for the addition of a glossary, two illustrations, all photographs, and some text previously presented to the field-trip participants in supplementary materials (see appendix A). Most of the geyser basins in Yellowstone National Park are on a high volcanic plateau at elevations of 2,000 to 2,200 m and are surrounded by much higher mountain ranges. In the middle of summer there generally are cool evenings and early mornings and warm afternoons. Visits to the localities described require short walks, mostly on boardwalks, but some are on what may be wet ground. No long, strenuous climbs are required. Expect brief afternoon thunder showers, particularly at Old Faithful. Please remember that the collecting of any kind of sample in a national park is prohibited except by those who have specific sampling permits issued by the National Park Service. Field-trip participants are asked to leave geologic picks and hammers at home or in their luggage while in Yellowstone National Park.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","doi":"10.3133/b2099","usgsCitation":"Fournier, R.O., Christiansen, R., Hutchinson, R., and Pierce, K.L., 1994, A field-trip guide to Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, Montana, and Idaho: Volcanic, hydrothermal, and glacial activity in the region: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2099, vii, 46 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/b2099.","productDescription":"vii, 46 p.","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":410803,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_22401.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":164081,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/2099/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":95946,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/2099/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Montana, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -111.23248454100262,\n              45.04562704951678\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.23248454100262,\n              44.07593993019711\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.83128647238954,\n              44.07593993019711\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.83128647238954,\n              45.04562704951678\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.23248454100262,\n              45.04562704951678\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6aec31","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fournier, Robert O.","contributorId":73202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fournier","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":210243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Christiansen, R.L. 0000-0002-8017-3918","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8017-3918","contributorId":25565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christiansen","given":"R.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":210241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hutchinson, R. A.","contributorId":62218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutchinson","given":"R. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":210242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pierce, K. L.","contributorId":12404,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierce","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":210240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":34221,"text":"b2076 - 1994 - Stratigraphic notes, 1993","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-10T16:26:49.558282","indexId":"b2076","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2076","title":"Stratigraphic notes, 1993","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/b2076","usgsCitation":"Drake, A., and Pavlides, L., 1994, Stratigraphic notes, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2076, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/b2076.","productDescription":"36 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":404306,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_22373.htm","text":"Continental margin deposits and the Mountain Run fault zone of Virginia - stratigraphy and tectonics","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":163836,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/2076/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":62130,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/2076/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":484389,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_92817.htm","text":"The Soldiers Delight ultramafic in the Maryland Piedmont","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6aea5a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drake, Avery Jr.","contributorId":62582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drake","given":"Avery","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":212631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pavlides, Louis","contributorId":79444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pavlides","given":"Louis","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":212632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":30284,"text":"wri944096 - 1994 - Hydrogeology and water resources of Block Island, Rhode Island","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-27T11:45:56","indexId":"wri944096","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-4096","title":"Hydrogeology and water resources of Block Island, Rhode Island","docAbstract":"Ground water is present on Block Island as a lens of freshwater that overlies saltwater. Yields of 2 to 5 gallons per minute are obtainable throughout the island, and yields of 25 gallons per minute are possible at many wells. Annual water use during 1990 is estimated to have been 53 million gallons, of which approximately 17 million gallons was delivered from a water company at Sands Pond. Demand by water company customers from May through October averages 74,000 gallons per day. The sustainable yield of Sands Pond during the drought years estimated to be only 45,000 gallons per day. Withdrawal of the remaining 29,000 gallons per day from Fresh Pond, proposed as an alternative source, would produce an estimated water-level decline of less than 1 foot. Block Island consists of a Pleistocene moraine deposit that includes meltwater deposits, till, sediment-flow deposits, and glacially transported blocks of Cretaceous strata and pre-Late Wisconsinan glacial deposits. The water table is a subdued reflection of the land-surface topography and flow is generally from the central, topographic highs toward the coast. Layers of low hydraulic- conductivity material impede vertical flow, creating steep vertical gradients. No evidence of widespread ground-water contamination was found during this study. Nitrate concentrations were below Federal Maximum Contaminant Levels at each of the 83 sites sampled. No evidence of dissolved organic constituents was found in groundwater at the 10 sites sampled, and ground-water samples collected near the landfill showed no evidence of contamination from landfill leachate. Dissolved-iron concentrations exceeded the Federal Secondary Maximum Contaminant Level in groundwater at 26 of 76 wells sampled. High iron concentrations were found predominantly in the eastern and northern parts of the island and are attributed to the presence of iron-bearing minerals and organic matter in the aquifer.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri944096","usgsCitation":"Veeger, A., Johnston, H., Stone, B.D., and Sirkin, L.A., 1994, Hydrogeology and water resources of Block Island, Rhode Island: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4096, vii, 76 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri944096.","productDescription":"vii, 76 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":59075,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4096/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":123673,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4096/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Rhode Island","otherGeospatial":"Block Island","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -71.6147232055664,\n              41.13858889084487\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.5426254272461,\n              41.13858889084487\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.5426254272461,\n              41.23341300384136\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.6147232055664,\n              41.23341300384136\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.6147232055664,\n              41.13858889084487\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ae4b07f02db625232","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Veeger, A.I.","contributorId":100031,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Veeger","given":"A.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnston, H.E.","contributorId":27070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"H.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stone, Byron D. 0000-0001-6092-0798 bdstone@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6092-0798","contributorId":1702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"Byron","email":"bdstone@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":785911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sirkin, Leslie A.","contributorId":19207,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sirkin","given":"Leslie","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70182458,"text":"70182458 - 1994 - Population cage experiments with a vertebrate: The temporal demography and cytonuclear genetics of hybridization on Gambusia fishes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-24T22:49:07.74845","indexId":"70182458","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1598,"text":"Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Population cage experiments with a vertebrate: The temporal demography and cytonuclear genetics of hybridization on <i>Gambusia</i> fishes","title":"Population cage experiments with a vertebrate: The temporal demography and cytonuclear genetics of hybridization on Gambusia fishes","docAbstract":"<p><span>The dynamics of mitochondrial and multilocus nuclear genotypic frequencies were monitored for 2 yr in experimental populations established with equal numbers of two poeciliid fishes (<i>Gambusia affinis</i> and <i>Gambusia holbrooki</i>) that hybridize naturally in the southeastern United States. In replicated \"small-pool\" populations (experiment I), 1018 sampled individuals at six time periods revealed an initial flush of hybridization, followed by a rapid decline in frequencies of <i>G. affinis</i> nuclear and mitochondrial alleles over 64 wk. Decay of gametic and cytonuclear disequilibria differed from expectations under random mating as well as under a model of assortative mating involving empirically estimated mating propensities. In two replicate \"large-pond\" populations (experiment II), 841 sampled individuals across four reproductive cohorts revealed lower initial frequencies of F1 hybrids than in experiment I, but again G. holbrooki alleles achieved high frequencies over four generations (72 wk). Thus, evolution within experimental <i>Gambusia</i> hybrid populations can be extremely rapid, resulting in consistent loss of <i>G. affinis</i> nuclear and cytoplasmic alleles. Concordance in results between experiments and across genetic markers suggests strong directional selection favoring <i>G. holbrooki</i> genotypes. Results are interpreted in light of previous reports of genotype-specific differences in life-history traits, reproductive ecology, patterns of recruitment, and size-specific mortality, and in the context of patterns of introgression previously studied indirectly from spatial observations on cytonuclear genotypes in natural Gambusia populations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society for the Study of Evolution","doi":"10.2307/2410011","usgsCitation":"Scribner, K.T., and Avise, J.C., 1994, Population cage experiments with a vertebrate: The temporal demography and cytonuclear genetics of hybridization on Gambusia fishes: Evolution, v. 48, no. 1, p. 155-171, https://doi.org/10.2307/2410011.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"155","endPage":"171","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":480243,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1vq7j3bt","text":"External Repository"},{"id":336061,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","city":"Aiken","otherGeospatial":"Savannah River Site","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -81.84814453125,\n              33.08003537299405\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.4251708984375,\n              33.08003537299405\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.4251708984375,\n              33.44060944370356\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.84814453125,\n              33.44060944370356\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.84814453125,\n              33.08003537299405\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"48","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58b002dae4b01ccd54fb2809","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scribner, Kim T.","contributorId":146113,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scribner","given":"Kim","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":135,"text":"Biological Resources Division","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":16582,"text":"Department of Fisheries and Wildlife and Department of Zoology, 480 Wilson Rd. 13 Natural Resources Building, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":671168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Avise, John C.","contributorId":182338,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Avise","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":671169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":47742,"text":"wri924024C - 1994 - Detailed study of irrigation drainage in and near wildlife management areas, west-central Nevada, 1987-90. Part C. Summary of irrigation-drainage effects on water quality, bottom sediment, and biota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-14T19:58:51.29342","indexId":"wri924024C","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"92-4024","chapter":"C","title":"Detailed study of irrigation drainage in and near wildlife management areas, west-central Nevada, 1987-90. Part C. Summary of irrigation-drainage effects on water quality, bottom sediment, and biota","docAbstract":"This report presents a summary of the detailed scientific study of Stillwater Wildlife Management Area and other nearby wetlands in west-central Nevada during 1987-90. The work was funded by the National Irrigation Water Quality Program of the U.S. Department of the Interior with the overall objectives of determining (1) the extent, magnitude, and effects of selected water-quality constituents associated with irrigation drainage on fish, wildlife, and human health, and (2) the sources and exposure pathways that cause contamination where adverse effects are documented. Much of the information in this report was summarized from two previously published interpretive reports that were completed to fulfill study objectives. Where applicable, data for the study area from other published sources also were utilized. The results of these studies indicate that the aquatic biota in natural wetlands of the Carson Desert are adversely affected by hydrological and geochemical sources and processes in the Newlands Irrigation Project area. Reactions between water and naturally occurring minerals in the shallow alluvial aquifer increase concentrations of potentially toxic constituents in ground water that eventually enters the wetlands. Once in the wetlands, these constituents are furhter concentrated by evaporation and transpiration. Water from some agricultural drains that enter Stillwater WMA was acutely toxic to aquatic organisms. The drains in the agricultural areas, which eventually discharge to the wetlands, were also implicated as sites of uptake of selenium and mercury by aquatic organisms.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri924024C","usgsCitation":"Hoffman, R., 1994, Detailed study of irrigation drainage in and near wildlife management areas, west-central Nevada, 1987-90. Part C. Summary of irrigation-drainage effects on water quality, bottom sediment, and biota: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 92-4024, iv, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri924024C.","productDescription":"iv, 32 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":430234,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_47607.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":84656,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1992/4024c/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":123849,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1992/4024c/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -119.90862184456864,\n              40.52796637642797\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.90862184456864,\n              38.86030851876592\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.4702096866109,\n              38.86030851876592\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.4702096866109,\n              40.52796637642797\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.90862184456864,\n              40.52796637642797\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db667b5c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoffman, Ray J.","contributorId":53770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"Ray J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":236137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70178350,"text":"70178350 - 1994 - Dioxins, dibenzofurans, PCBs and colonial, fish-eating water birds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-14T15:04:35","indexId":"70178350","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Dioxins, dibenzofurans, PCBs and colonial, fish-eating water birds","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Dioxins and health","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Plenum Press","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","usgsCitation":"Giesy, J., Ludwig, J.P., and Tillitt, D., 1994, Dioxins, dibenzofurans, PCBs and colonial, fish-eating water birds, chap. <i>of</i> Dioxins and health, p. 249-307.","productDescription":"59 p.","startPage":"249","endPage":"307","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":330985,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"582adb48e4b0c253bdfff0e3","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Schecter, A.","contributorId":176841,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schecter","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":653746,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Giesy, J. P.","contributorId":60574,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Giesy","given":"J. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":653743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ludwig, J. P.","contributorId":176342,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ludwig","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":653744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tillitt, D. E.","contributorId":118820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillitt","given":"D. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":653745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70171385,"text":"70171385 - 1994 - Washington State metals in soils program: Preliminary results","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-31T09:15:22","indexId":"70171385","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1925,"text":"Hydrological Science and Technology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Washington State metals in soils program: Preliminary results","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Institute of Hydrology","usgsCitation":"Ames, K.C., 1994, Washington State metals in soils program: Preliminary results: Hydrological Science and Technology, v. 10, no. 1-4, p. 15-30.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"15","endPage":"30","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321866,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"574eb5dee4b0ee97d51a841a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ames, K. C.","contributorId":20781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ames","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70187030,"text":"70187030 - 1994 - Large-area land-cover characterization—special Issue, foreword","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-08T13:11:44","indexId":"70187030","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Large-area land-cover characterization—special Issue, foreword","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"ASPRS","usgsCitation":"Loveland, T., and Merchant, J., 1994, Large-area land-cover characterization—special Issue, foreword: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 60, no. 5, p. 515-515.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"515","endPage":"515","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":339962,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"60","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58f877fae4b0b7ea54521c88","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Loveland, Thomas R. 0000-0003-3114-6646","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3114-6646","contributorId":106125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loveland","given":"Thomas R.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":692060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Merchant, J.W.","contributorId":75694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merchant","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":28434,"text":"wri934226 - 1994 - Geohydrology and water chemistry of abandoned uranium mines and radiochemistry of spoil-material leachate, Monument Valley and Cameron areas, Arizona and Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-13T17:35:10.908559","indexId":"wri934226","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-4226","title":"Geohydrology and water chemistry of abandoned uranium mines and radiochemistry of spoil-material leachate, Monument Valley and Cameron areas, Arizona and Utah","docAbstract":"<p>Uranium mines in the Monument Valley area were established predominately in channel-fill deposits within the Shinarump Member of the Chinle Formation. The Shinarump Member yields ground water to wells and may yield water to the Moonlight and Radium Hill mines. In the study area near Cameron, uranium was mined from channel-fill deposits within the Petrified Forest Member of the Chinle Formation. Units of the Petrified Forest Member do not yield ground water to wells in the area, but fractures in the lower part of the Petrified Forest Member are probable pathways for upward flow of water from the Shinarump Member. Most of the mines receive water from surface inflow of rainfall runoff, but ground water also may be transmitted to open pits and drill holes in the subsurface through fractures or along faults in the Petrified Forest Member. Uranium-238 activities in shallow ground water from mines ranged from 150 to 14,000 picocuries per liter. Radionuclide activities in well and spring water were less than in shallow ground water near mines; however, in some samples, radionuclide activities in wells and springs were greater than activities in pit water. Uranium concentrations in leachate samples ranged from 20 to 7,700 micrograms per liter. Batch tests were done with material that was 2.00 millimeters and smaller. The radiochemistry of leachate from coarser material was not determined, and the specific rate and magnitude of radionuclide leaching depends on site-specific conditions that include the amounts of oxygen and organic material present, temperature, spoil mineralogy, and local ground-water composition.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri934226","usgsCitation":"Longsworth, S., 1994, Geohydrology and water chemistry of abandoned uranium mines and radiochemistry of spoil-material leachate, Monument Valley and Cameron areas, Arizona and Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 93-4226, v, 43 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri934226.","productDescription":"v, 43 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":466119,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_47912.htm","text":"Monument Valley area","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":124179,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4226/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":324371,"rank":2,"type":{"id":12,"text":"Errata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4226/wri934226_errata.txt"},{"id":57236,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4226/wri934226.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":466118,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_47911.htm","text":"Cameron area","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, Utah","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -110.83837429799888,\n              37.464959777387506\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.3833108617259,\n              37.425796184841516\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.81137957442326,\n              36.11428190309012\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.15647117601753,\n              36.04195131219825\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.83837429799888,\n              37.464959777387506\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ade3d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Longsworth, S.A.","contributorId":47784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Longsworth","given":"S.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70186278,"text":"70186278 - 1994 - Weathering and erosion aspects of small catchment research. ","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-03T13:49:49","indexId":"70186278","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Weathering and erosion aspects of small catchment research. ","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available&nbsp;</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biogeochemistry of small catchments; a tool for environmental research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Bricker, O., Paces, T., Johnson, C., and Sverdup, H., 1994, Weathering and erosion aspects of small catchment research. , chap. <i>of</i> Biogeochemistry of small catchments; a tool for environmental research, p. 85-105.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"85","endPage":"105","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":339060,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58e35f91e4b09da67997ed00","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bricker, O.P.","contributorId":33717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bricker","given":"O.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Paces, Tomas","contributorId":190306,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paces","given":"Tomas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, C.E.","contributorId":31741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sverdup, Harald","contributorId":190305,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sverdup","given":"Harald","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70186451,"text":"70186451 - 1994 - Geochemical  and isotopic constraints  on the petrogenesis of the Noril'sk-Talnakh ore-forming system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-04T18:59:07","indexId":"70186451","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Geochemical  and isotopic constraints  on the petrogenesis of the Noril'sk-Talnakh ore-forming system","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Sudbury-Noril'sk symposium","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Ontario Geological Survey ","usgsCitation":"Czamanske, G., Wooden, J.L., Zientek, M.L., Fedorenko, V., Zen'ko, T., Kent, J., King, B., Knight, R.J., and Siems, D.F., 1994, Geochemical  and isotopic constraints  on the petrogenesis of the Noril'sk-Talnakh ore-forming system, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the Sudbury-Noril'sk symposium, p. 313-341.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"313","endPage":"341","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":339158,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58e4b0b4e4b09da6799977bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Czamanske, G.K.","contributorId":26300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Czamanske","given":"G.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wooden, J. L.","contributorId":58678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wooden","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zientek, M. L.","contributorId":6118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zientek","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fedorenko, V.A.","contributorId":59961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fedorenko","given":"V.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zen'ko, T.E.","contributorId":190484,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zen'ko","given":"T.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kent, Judith","contributorId":190485,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kent","given":"Judith","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"King, B.W.","contributorId":190486,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"King","given":"B.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Knight, R. J.","contributorId":96255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knight","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Siems, D. F.","contributorId":101239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Siems","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70182297,"text":"70182297 - 1994 - Satellite tobacco mosaic virus modifies the symptoms of helper tobamoviruses in pepper in a cultivar-specific manner","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-22T13:58:21","indexId":"70182297","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3080,"text":"Phytopathology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Satellite tobacco mosaic virus modifies the symptoms of helper tobamoviruses in pepper in a cultivar-specific manner","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Rodriguez-Alvarado, G., Kurath, G., and Dodds, J., 1994, Satellite tobacco mosaic virus modifies the symptoms of helper tobamoviruses in pepper in a cultivar-specific manner: Phytopathology, v. 84, p. 617-621.","productDescription":"5 p. ","startPage":"617","endPage":"621","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":335976,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"84","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58aeb144e4b01ccd54f9ee68","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rodriguez-Alvarado, G.","contributorId":178840,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rodriguez-Alvarado","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":670418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kurath, G.","contributorId":152437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kurath","given":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":670419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dodds, J.A.","contributorId":178835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dodds","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":670420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":33562,"text":"b1997 - 1994 - Plate motions recorded in tectonostratigraphic terranes of the Franciscan complex and evolution of the Mendocino triple junction, northwestern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-13T13:15:27","indexId":"b1997","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1997","title":"Plate motions recorded in tectonostratigraphic terranes of the Franciscan complex and evolution of the Mendocino triple junction, northwestern California","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O. ; For sale by Book and Open-File Report Sales, U.S. Geological Survey, Map Distribution,","doi":"10.3133/b1997","usgsCitation":"McLaughlin, R.J., Sliter, W., Frederiksen, N.O., Harbert, W., and McCulloch, D.S., 1994, Plate motions recorded in tectonostratigraphic terranes of the Franciscan complex and evolution of the Mendocino triple junction, northwestern California: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1997, iv, 60 p. ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/b1997.","productDescription":"iv, 60 p. ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":247427,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1997/report.pdf","size":"26509","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":251845,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1997/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad9e4b07f02db685041","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McLaughlin, Robert J. 0000-0002-4390-2288 rjmcl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4390-2288","contributorId":1428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McLaughlin","given":"Robert","email":"rjmcl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":211553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sliter, W.V.","contributorId":38997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sliter","given":"W.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":211555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Frederiksen, N. O.","contributorId":78356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frederiksen","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":211557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harbert, W.P.","contributorId":36195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harbert","given":"W.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":211554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McCulloch, D. S.","contributorId":78315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCulloch","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":211556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":33579,"text":"b2073 - 1994 - Shorter contributions to paleontology and stratigraphy, 1993","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-01T18:57:34.328709","indexId":"b2073","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2073","title":"Shorter contributions to paleontology and stratigraphy, 1993","docAbstract":"<p>The name Crummies Member of the Breathitt Formation is here given to a marine unit that I.C. White in 1885&nbsp;called the Cannelton Limestone in the Kanawha River&nbsp;valley of West Virginia. Rocks now assigned to the Crummies Member have been miscorrelated by other workers&nbsp;with the Campbell Creek Limestone of White (1885) in&nbsp;other areas of West Virginia as well as in eastern Kentucky&nbsp;and southwestern Virginia. Fieldwork and literature review&nbsp;suggest that the Crummies Member is an extensive deposit.&nbsp;In southeasternmost Kentucky, where it contains a varied&nbsp;molluscan fauna, it attains its greatest thickness; in northeastern Kentucky, it is present as a thin, discontinuous&nbsp;sandstone and sandy siltstone unit that contains more openmarine fauna. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/b2073","usgsCitation":"1994, Shorter contributions to paleontology and stratigraphy, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2073, 116 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/b2073.","productDescription":"116 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":402868,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_92818.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":162943,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/2073/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":61463,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/2073/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"tableOfContents":"<p>Chapter A<br> <i>The Crummies Member (New Name) of the Pennsylvanian Breathitt Formation, Eastern Kentucky-Its Distribution and Biostratigraphy</i><br>Charles L. Rice, Thomas W. Henry, and Donald R. Chesnut, Jr.<br><br>Chapter B<br> <i>Upper Cretaceous Ammonites from the Coon Creek Tongue of the Ripley Formation at Its Type Locality in MeN airy County, Tennessee</i><br>William A. Cobban and W. James Kennedy<br><br>Chapter C<br> <i>A Giant Baculite from the Upper Campanian and Lower Maastrichtian of the Western Interior</i><br>William A. Cobban and W. James Kennedy<br><br>Chapter D<br> <i>Middle Campanian (Upper Cretaceous) Ammonites from the Pecan Gap Chalk of Central and Northeastern Texas</i><br>William A. Cobban and W. James Kennedy<br><br>Chapter E<br><i>Cenomanian (Upper Cretaceous) Nautiloids from New Mexico</i><br>William A. Cobban and James W. Kennedy </p>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fae4b07f02db5f3e12","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Sando, William Jasper","contributorId":8524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sando","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"Jasper","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":749502,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":47905,"text":"b2021D - 1994 - Stanford Canyon quadrangle, Cochise County, Arizona: Analytic data and geologic sample catalog","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":47905,"text":"b2021D - 1994 - Stanford Canyon quadrangle, Cochise County, Arizona: Analytic data and geologic sample catalog","indexId":"b2021D","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"chapter":"D","title":"Stanford Canyon quadrangle, Cochise County, Arizona: Analytic data and geologic sample catalog"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":33212,"text":"b2021 - 1992 - Geologic sampling of the Chiricahua mountains, Arizona","indexId":"b2021","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic sampling of the Chiricahua mountains, Arizona"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":33212,"text":"b2021 - 1992 - Geologic sampling of the Chiricahua mountains, Arizona","indexId":"b2021","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic sampling of the Chiricahua mountains, Arizona"},"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-04T20:35:11.212523","indexId":"b2021D","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2021","chapter":"D","title":"Stanford Canyon quadrangle, Cochise County, Arizona: Analytic data and geologic sample catalog","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geologic sampling of the Chiricahua mountains, Arizona (Bulletin 2021)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/b2021D","usgsCitation":"du Bray, E.A., and Pallister, J.S., 1994, Stanford Canyon quadrangle, Cochise County, Arizona: Analytic data and geologic sample catalog: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2021, Report: iii, 15 p.; 1 Plate: 23.00 × 29.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/b2021D.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 15 p.; 1 Plate: 23.00 × 29.00 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":404846,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_22278.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":84722,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/2021d/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":84721,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/2021d/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":162136,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/2021d/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","county":"Cochise County","otherGeospatial":"Stanford Canyon quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -109.5,\n              31.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.375,\n              31.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.375,\n              31.875\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.5,\n              31.875\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.5,\n              31.75\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e1e4b07f02db5e47f0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"du Bray, Edward A. 0000-0002-4383-8394 edubray@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4383-8394","contributorId":755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"du Bray","given":"Edward","email":"edubray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":236499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pallister, John S. 0000-0002-2041-2147 jpallist@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2041-2147","contributorId":2024,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pallister","given":"John","email":"jpallist@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":236500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70180861,"text":"70180861 - 1994 - Succession on regraded placer mine spoil in Alaska, USA, in relation to initial site characteristics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-04T16:22:01","indexId":"70180861","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":898,"text":"Arctic and Alpine Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Succession on regraded placer mine spoil in Alaska, USA, in relation to initial site characteristics","docAbstract":"<p class=\"abstract\">This study evaluated the rate and pattern of natural succession on regraded placer mine spoil in relation to initial substrate characteristics. The study site was the Glen Creek watershed of the Kantishna mining area of Denali National Park and Preserve, Alaska. After regrading, twelve 0.01-ha plots were established and substrate characteristics were measured. Natural plant succession was evaluated after five growing seasons. Three successional patterns were identified on the basis of plant community characteristics using cluster analysis, and were related to substrate characteristics. First, a riparian plant community with vigorous <i>Salix alaxensis</i> and <i>Alnus crispa</i> grew rapidly on topsoil that had been spread over the regraded spoil. Second, a similar plant community with less vigorous <i>S. alaxensi</i>s developed more slowly on unprocessed spoil and spoil amended with a small amount of topsoil. Third, processed spoil remained almost bare of vegetation, although<i> S. alaxensis</i> was able to establish and persist in a stunted growth form. In contrast, <i>Alnus crispa</i> had difficulty establishing on processed spoil, but the few established seedlings grew well. Several substrate variables, including the proportion of silt and clay vs. sand, total nitrogen, and water retention capacity, were good predictors of the rate and pattern of succession. Total nitrogen was the best single predictor for the number of vigorous <i>S. alaxensis</i>.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"INSTAAR, University of Colorado","publisherLocation":"Boulder, CO","doi":"10.2307/1551797","usgsCitation":"Densmore, R., 1994, Succession on regraded placer mine spoil in Alaska, USA, in relation to initial site characteristics: Arctic and Alpine Research, v. 26, no. 4, p. 354-363, https://doi.org/10.2307/1551797.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"354","endPage":"363","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334790,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Denali National Park, Glen Creek watershed, Kantishna mining area","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -150.7866668701172,\n              63.51779683618753\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.7866668701172,\n              63.58\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.6778335571289,\n              63.58\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.6778335571289,\n              63.51779683618753\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.7866668701172,\n              63.51779683618753\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"26","issue":"4","publicComments":"The name of this journal has changed.  At the time this article was published, the title was \"Arctic and Alpine Research.\"  It has since changed to \"Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research.\"","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"589847aae4b0efcedb7072e1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Densmore, R.V.","contributorId":72953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Densmore","given":"R.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":47887,"text":"b1917R - 1994 - Gravity and aeromagnetic studies of the Powder River basin and surrounding areas, southeastern Montana, northeastern Wyoming, and western South Dakota","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":47887,"text":"b1917R - 1994 - Gravity and aeromagnetic studies of the Powder River basin and surrounding areas, southeastern Montana, northeastern Wyoming, and western South Dakota","indexId":"b1917R","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"chapter":"R","title":"Gravity and aeromagnetic studies of the Powder River basin and surrounding areas, southeastern Montana, northeastern Wyoming, and western South Dakota"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":33202,"text":"b1917 - 1990 - Evolution of sedimentary basins: Powder River Basin","indexId":"b1917","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"title":"Evolution of sedimentary basins: Powder River Basin"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":33202,"text":"b1917 - 1990 - Evolution of sedimentary basins: Powder River Basin","indexId":"b1917","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"title":"Evolution of sedimentary basins: Powder River Basin"},"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-09T13:45:38","indexId":"b1917R","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1917","chapter":"R","title":"Gravity and aeromagnetic studies of the Powder River basin and surrounding areas, southeastern Montana, northeastern Wyoming, and western South Dakota","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/b1917R","issn":"8755-531X","usgsCitation":"Robbins, S.L., 1994, Gravity and aeromagnetic studies of the Powder River basin and surrounding areas, southeastern Montana, northeastern Wyoming, and western South Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1917, p. R1-R17, illus. incl. 1 table, sketch maps, 86 refs, https://doi.org/10.3133/b1917R.","productDescription":"p. R1-R17, illus. incl. 1 table, sketch maps, 86 refs","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":170536,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1917r/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":84697,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1917r/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":84698,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1917r/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":84699,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1917r/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":84700,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1917r/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":84701,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1917r/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b12e4b07f02db6a2844","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robbins, Stephen L.","contributorId":68291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robbins","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":236449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":39848,"text":"b2092 - 1994 - Global Positioning System measurements on the Island of Hawaii from 1987 to 1990","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:35","indexId":"b2092","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2092","title":"Global Positioning System measurements on the Island of Hawaii from 1987 to 1990","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O. ; For sale by U.S. Geological Survey, Map Distribution,","doi":"10.3133/b2092","usgsCitation":"Dvorak, J.J., Okamura, A., Lisowski, M., Prescott, W., and Svarc, J.L., 1994, Global Positioning System measurements on the Island of Hawaii from 1987 to 1990: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2092, iv, 33 p. ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/b2092.","productDescription":"iv, 33 p. ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":173506,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/2092/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":67716,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/2092/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abee4b07f02db674c32","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dvorak, John J.","contributorId":24420,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dvorak","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Okamura, A.T.","contributorId":70400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Okamura","given":"A.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lisowski, Michael 0000-0003-4818-2504 mlisowski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4818-2504","contributorId":637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lisowski","given":"Michael","email":"mlisowski@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":222409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Prescott, W.H.","contributorId":96337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prescott","given":"W.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Svarc, J. L.","contributorId":75995,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Svarc","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":63764,"text":"gp1003B - 1994 - Aeromagnetic and related maps of the Getchell gold trend, Osgood Mountains, north-central Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-13T17:42:18.648828","indexId":"gp1003B","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":317,"text":"Geophysical Investigations Map","code":"GP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1003","chapter":"B","title":"Aeromagnetic and related maps of the Getchell gold trend, Osgood Mountains, north-central Nevada","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/gp1003B","usgsCitation":"Grauch, V., and Bankey, V., 1994, Aeromagnetic and related maps of the Getchell gold trend, Osgood Mountains, north-central Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Geophysical Investigations Map 1003, 6 Plates: 56.85 x 35.06 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/gp1003B.","productDescription":"6 Plates: 56.85 x 35.06 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":249951,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gp/1003b/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":249952,"rank":7,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gp/1003b/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":249953,"rank":8,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gp/1003b/plate-6.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":253461,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gp/1003b/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":490726,"rank":9,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_5948.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":249947,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gp/1003b/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":249948,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gp/1003b/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":249949,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gp/1003b/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":249950,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gp/1003b/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"100000","country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Getchell gold trend, Osgood Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -117.5,\n              41.3667\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.5,\n              40.8667\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.1,\n              40.8667\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.1,\n              41.3667\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.5,\n              41.3667\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db698410","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grauch, V.J. 0000-0002-0761-3489","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0761-3489","contributorId":70362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grauch","given":"V.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":269539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bankey, Viki viki@usgs.gov","contributorId":1238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bankey","given":"Viki","email":"viki@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":269538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70017675,"text":"70017675 - 1994 - Accuracy, reproducibility, and interpretation of fatty acid methyl ester profiles of model bacterial communities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-20T15:24:59.656373","indexId":"70017675","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":850,"text":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Accuracy, reproducibility, and interpretation of fatty acid methyl ester profiles of model bacterial communities","docAbstract":"We determined the accuracy and reproducibility of whole-community fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) analysis with two model bacterial communities differing in composition by using the Microbial ID, Inc. (MIDI), system. The biomass, taxonomic structure, and expected MIDI-FAME profiles under a variety of environmental conditions were known for these model communities a priori. Not all members of each community could be detected in the composite profile because of lack of fatty acid 'signatures' in some isolates or because of variations (approximately fivefold) in fatty acid yield across taxa. MIDI- FAME profiles of replicate subsamples of a given community were similar in terms of fatty acid yield per unit of community dry weight and relative proportions of specific fatty acids. Principal-components analysis (PCA) of MIDI-FAME profiles resulted in a clear separation of the two different communities and a clustering of replicates of each community from two separate experiments on the first PCA axis. The first PCA axis accounted for 57.1% of the variance in the data and was correlated with fatty acids that varied significantly between communities and reflected the underlying community taxonomic structure. On the basis of our data, community fatty acid profiles can be used to assess the relative similarities and differences of microbial communities that differ in taxonomic composition. However, detailed interpretation of community fatty acid profiles in terms of biomass or community taxonomic composition must be viewed with caution until our knowledge of the quantitative and qualitative distribution of fatty acids over a wide variety of taxa and the effects of growth conditions on fatty acid profiles is more extensive.","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/aem.60.7.2483-2493.1994","issn":"00992240","usgsCitation":"Kidd, H.S., Garchow, H., Odelson, D., Forney, L., and Klug, M., 1994, Accuracy, reproducibility, and interpretation of fatty acid methyl ester profiles of model bacterial communities: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 60, no. 7, p. 2483-2493, https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.60.7.2483-2493.1994.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"2483","endPage":"2493","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":479357,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.60.7.2483-2493.1994","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":228620,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"60","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e68ce4b0c8380cd474b5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kidd, Haack S.","contributorId":103022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kidd","given":"Haack","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garchow, H.","contributorId":102647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garchow","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Odelson, D.A.","contributorId":11353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Odelson","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Forney, L.J.","contributorId":49118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Forney","given":"L.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Klug, M.J.","contributorId":33070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klug","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70186918,"text":"70186918 - 1994 - No verification for Milankovitch","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-13T20:55:09","indexId":"70186918","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"No verification for Milankovitch","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Nature Publishing Group","doi":"10.1038/368594a0","usgsCitation":"Nature Publishing Group, 1994, No verification for Milankovitch: Nature, v. 368, no. 6472, p. 594-594, https://doi.org/10.1038/368594a0.","productDescription":"1 p. ","startPage":"594","endPage":"594","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":479377,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/368594a0","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":339721,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"368","issue":"6472","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58f08e64e4b06911a29fa872"}
,{"id":29345,"text":"wri934191 - 1994 - Ground-water discharge from the Coastal Plain of Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:52","indexId":"wri934191","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-4191","title":"Ground-water discharge from the Coastal Plain of Virginia","docAbstract":"The Chesapeake Bay and other important surface- water bodies receive ground water that discharges directly from the Coastal Plain of Virginia. This report presents estimates of the average annual ground-water discharge from the Coastal Plain of Virginia using two approaches. Average annual ground-water discharge from 16 gaged watersheds in the Coastal Plain of Virginia estimated by use of a streamflow hydrograph-separation approach ranged from 7.5 to 12.5 inches per year; the median was 10.8 inches per year. These estimates are similar to those reported by other investigators for the Coastal Plain in the nearby Delmarva Peninsula. Average annual ground-water discharge also was estimated by use of a hydrogeologic-area approach. In this approach, areas that have similar hydrogeologic charac- teristics are grouped and multiple regression is used to determine the relation between the hydro- geologic areas and ground-water discharge. The multiple-regression analysis indicates that ground-water discharge within the Coastal Plain of Virginia is a function of the relative areal extent of well-drained uplands and moderately well-drained uplands. On the basis of the hydro- geologic-area approach, ground-water discharge from the Coastal Plain of Virginia averages 9.9 inches per year.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nUSGS Earth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri934191","usgsCitation":"Richardson, D., 1994, Ground-water discharge from the Coastal Plain of Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 93-4191, iv, 15 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri934191.","productDescription":"iv, 15 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123733,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4191/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58191,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4191/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":58192,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4191/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66ce84","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Richardson, D.L.","contributorId":22807,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richardson","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":41500,"text":"ofr93361 - 1994 - Potentiometric surfaces of the upper Floridan Aquifer, Valdosta area, Georgia June 3-4, 1991 and March 29 to April 2, 1993","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-04T15:14:43.920749","indexId":"ofr93361","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-361","title":"Potentiometric surfaces of the upper Floridan Aquifer, Valdosta area, Georgia June 3-4, 1991 and March 29 to April 2, 1993","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr93361","collaboration":"Prepared in collaboration with the the City of Valdosta, Georgia","usgsCitation":"Cressler, A.M., 1994, Potentiometric surfaces of the upper Floridan Aquifer, Valdosta area, Georgia June 3-4, 1991 and March 29 to April 2, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 93-361, 2 Plates: 21.50 x 27.64 inches and 21.66 x 27.57 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr93361.","productDescription":"2 Plates: 21.50 x 27.64 inches and 21.66 x 27.57 inches","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":398559,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0361/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":398558,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0361/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":397576,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0361/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","city":"Valdosta","otherGeospatial":"Upper Floridan Aquifer","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -83.375,\n              30.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.125,\n              30.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.125,\n              31\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.375,\n              31\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.375,\n              30.75\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad3e4b07f02db6822ae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cressler, Alan M. cressler@usgs.gov","contributorId":4332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cressler","given":"Alan","email":"cressler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":225139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
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