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","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"1997 ACSM/ASPRS Annual Convention & Exposition Technical Papers","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"1997 ACSM/ASPRS Annual Convention & Exposition","conferenceDate":"April 7-10, 1997","conferenceLocation":"Seattle, Washington","language":"English","publisher":"ACSM/ASPRS","usgsCitation":"Wilson, S.A., and Cordes, C.L., 1997, Community involvement in a multimedia outreach project for Caddo Lake, Texas, in 1997 ACSM/ASPRS Annual Convention & Exposition Technical Papers, v. 4, Seattle, Washington, April 7-10, 1997, p. 258-263.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"258","endPage":"263","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":362355,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Caddo Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.1118049621582,\n 32.667124733120325\n ],\n [\n -94.1118049621582,\n 32.75782970781984\n ],\n [\n -94.010009765625,\n 32.75782970781984\n ],\n [\n -94.010009765625,\n 32.667124733120325\n ],\n [\n -94.1118049621582,\n 32.667124733120325\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, Scott A. 0000-0001-8055-8618 wilsons@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8055-8618","contributorId":2360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Scott","email":"wilsons@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":760131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cordes, Carroll L.","contributorId":97170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cordes","given":"Carroll","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":760132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70093564,"text":"70093564 - 1997 - Evaluation of streamwater quality in the Atlanta region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-07T09:12:38","indexId":"70093564","displayToPublicDate":"1997-04-01T09:01:11","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Evaluation of streamwater quality in the Atlanta region","docAbstract":"A water-quality index (WQI) was developed from \nhistorical data for streams in the Atlanta region. The WQI was \nderived from percentile ranks of individual water-quality \nparameter values at each stream by normalizing the \nconstituent ranks for values from all sites in the area for the \nperiod from 1990 to 1995. WQIs were developed primarily for \nnutrients and nutrient-related parameters, because data for \nmetals, organics (pesticides and herbicides), biological \nconditions, and suspended sediment generally were \nunavailable. Average WQI of the individual parameter WQIs \nfor sites in the region ranged from 0.26 (good quality) to 0.86 \n(poor quality), and increased downstream of known nutrient \nsources. Annual average site WQI decreased at most \nlong-term monitoring sites from 1986 to 1995. Temporal \ntrends, in part, reflect effects of a drought in the late 1980's \nand normal to higher-than-normal rainfall and runoff in the \n1990's. For several sites, particularly in the northern part of \nthe region where major development is ongoing, WQI \nincreased dramatically from 1994 to 1995. Interannual WQI \nvariability typically was less than spatial variability. Average \nannual site WQI for individual parameters correlated with \nannual hydrologic characteristics, particularly precipitation \namount and water yield, reflecting the effect of dilution on \nindividual water-quality parameter values.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 1997 Georgia Water Resources Conference: March 20-22, 1997, Athens, Georgia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Institute of Ecology, University of Georgia","publisherLocation":"Athens, GA","usgsCitation":"Peters, N.E., and Kandell, S.J., 1997, Evaluation of streamwater quality in the Atlanta region, in Proceedings of the 1997 Georgia Water Resources Conference: March 20-22, 1997, Athens, Georgia, p. 94-98.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"94","endPage":"98","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":282095,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","city":"Atlanta","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -84.9995,33.2502 ], [ -84.9995,34.4965 ], [ -83.6996,34.4965 ], [ -83.6996,33.2502 ], [ -84.9995,33.2502 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd5876e4b0b290850f81bc","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Hatcher, Kathryn J.","contributorId":113326,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatcher","given":"Kathryn","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509793,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Peters, Norman E. nepeters@usgs.gov","contributorId":1324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peters","given":"Norman","email":"nepeters@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":316,"text":"Georgia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kandell, Stephen J.","contributorId":18679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kandell","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70185701,"text":"70185701 - 1997 - A rapid and simple method for estimating sulfate reduction activity and quantifying inorganic sulfides","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-12T21:42:40.319259","indexId":"70185701","displayToPublicDate":"1997-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":850,"text":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A rapid and simple method for estimating sulfate reduction activity and quantifying inorganic sulfides","docAbstract":"A simplified passive extraction procedure for quantifying reduced inorganic sulfur compounds from sediments and water is presented. This method may also be used for the estimation of sulfate reduction rates. Efficient extraction of FeS, FeS2, and S2- was obtained with this procedure; however, the efficiency for S0 depended on the form that was tested. Passive extraction can be used with samples containing up to 20 mg of reduced sulfur. We demonstrated the utility of this technique in a determination of both sulfate reduction rates and reduced inorganic sulfur pools in marine and freshwater sediments. A side-by-side comparison of the passive extraction method with the established single-step distillation technique yielded comparable results with a fraction of the effort.
Glaciers are important features in the hydrologic cycle and affect the volume, variability, and water quality of runoff. Assessing and predicting the effect of glaciers on water resources require a monitoring program to provide basic data for this understanding. The monitoring program of the U.S. Geological Survey employs a nested approach whereby an intensively studied glacier is surrounded by less intensively studied glaciers and those monitored solely by remote sensing. Ideally, each glacierized region of the United States would have such a network of glaciers. The intensively studied glacier provides a detailed understanding of the physical processes and their temporal changes that control the mass exchange of the glaciers in that region. The less intensively studied glaciers are used to assess the variability of such processes within the region.
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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b17e4b07f02db6a62ee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fountain, Andrew G.","contributorId":10410,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fountain","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":6929,"text":"Portland State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":147862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krimmel, Robert M.","contributorId":34902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krimmel","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":147864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Trabant, Dennis C.","contributorId":13965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trabant","given":"Dennis","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":147863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":64678,"text":"i2562 - 1997 - Bedrock geologic map of Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest and maps of fractures and geology in roadcuts along Interstate 93, Grafton County, New Hampshire","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-10T09:00:34","indexId":"i2562","displayToPublicDate":"1997-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2562","title":"Bedrock geologic map of Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest and maps of fractures and geology in roadcuts along Interstate 93, Grafton County, New Hampshire","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/i2562","usgsCitation":"Barton, C.C., 1997, Bedrock geologic map of Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest and maps of fractures and geology in roadcuts along Interstate 93, Grafton County, New Hampshire: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 2562, 1 Plate: 50 x 88 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/i2562.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 50 x 88 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":186840,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":108318,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_13039.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"13039"}],"scale":"2000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -71.8,43.916666666666664 ], [ -71.8,43.96666666666667 ], [ -71.68333333333334,43.96666666666667 ], [ -71.68333333333334,43.916666666666664 ], [ -71.8,43.916666666666664 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6be4b07f02db63da0f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barton, Christopher Cramer","contributorId":98754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barton","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"Cramer","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":271972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70185282,"text":"70185282 - 1997 - Estimating ground-water recharge from streamflow hydrographs for a small mountain watershed in a temperate humid climate, New Hampshire, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-17T14:42:43","indexId":"70185282","displayToPublicDate":"1997-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating ground-water recharge from streamflow hydrographs for a small mountain watershed in a temperate humid climate, New Hampshire, USA","docAbstract":"Hydrographs of stream discharge were analyzed to determine ground-water recharge for two small basins draining into Mirror Lake, New Hampshire. Two methods of hydrograph analysis developed for determining ground-water recharge were evaluated, the instantaneous recharge method and the constant recharge method. For the instantaneous recharge method, recharge is assumed to be instantaneous and uniform over the basin. For the constant recharge method, recharge is assumed to be constant and uniform over the basin for a period of weeks to months. Both methods require that a ground-water recession slope be determined. The recession slope is used directly in the calculation for the instantaneous recharge method, and it is used as a base of reference for fitting a type curve in the constant recharge method. Results of the study indicated that the estimates of ground-water recharge for both methods agree to within about 10 percent. Two approaches to the instantaneous recharge method, manual and automated, were also evaluated, and the results were statistically similar.
The baseflow component of streamflow commonly is assumed to be equivalent to ground-water recharge; therefore, two methods developed for determining the baseflow component of streamflow, graphical partitioning and digital filtering, were evaluated also. Baseflow values determined by graphical partitioning of hydrographs were about 25 percent less than the ground-water recharge values. Baseflow values determined by two different approaches to the mathematical digital filtering method were generally less than baseflow determined by graphical partitioning. However, one of the approaches to digital filtering agreed reasonably well with graphical partitioning if an appropriate filter constant was used. The other approach to digital filtering resulted in baseflow values that were much less than the other baseflow values and was therefore deemed inappropriate for use on these small mountain watersheds.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1997.tb00086.x","usgsCitation":"Mau, D.P., and Winter, T.C., 1997, Estimating ground-water recharge from streamflow hydrographs for a small mountain watershed in a temperate humid climate, New Hampshire, USA: Groundwater, v. 35, no. 2, p. 291-304, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1997.tb00086.x.","productDescription":"14 p. ","startPage":"291","endPage":"304","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337820,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-08-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ccf5a0e4b0849ce97f0d02","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mau, David P. dpmau@usgs.gov","contributorId":457,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mau","given":"David","email":"dpmau@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":685016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Winter, Thomas C.","contributorId":84736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winter","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":2093,"text":"wsp2439 - 1997 - Influence of evaporation, ground water, and uncertainty in the hydrologic budget of Lake Lucerne, a seepage lake in Polk County, Florida","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":31830,"text":"ofr9326 - 1994 - Influence of evaporation, ground water, and uncertainty in the hydrologic budget of Lake Lucerne, Florida, October 1985-September 1986","indexId":"ofr9326","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"title":"Influence of evaporation, ground water, and uncertainty in the hydrologic budget of Lake Lucerne, Florida, October 1985-September 1986"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":2093,"text":"wsp2439 - 1997 - Influence of evaporation, ground water, and uncertainty in the hydrologic budget of Lake Lucerne, a seepage lake in Polk County, Florida","indexId":"wsp2439","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"title":"Influence of evaporation, ground water, and uncertainty in the hydrologic budget of Lake Lucerne, a seepage lake in Polk County, Florida"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:23","indexId":"wsp2439","displayToPublicDate":"1997-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2439","title":"Influence of evaporation, ground water, and uncertainty in the hydrologic budget of Lake Lucerne, a seepage lake in Polk County, Florida","docAbstract":"A detailed hydrologic budget was constructed of a seepage lake of sinkhole origin in the karst terrain of central Florida. During the drought period studied, lake evaporation computed by the energy-budget and mass-transfer methods was the largest component in the budget, followed by rainfall. Ground-water inflow contributed about one-third of the total inflow. Lake leakage was about one-fourth of the evaporative losses and was increased substantially by pumping from the Upper Floridan aquifer.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp2439","usgsCitation":"Lee, T., and Swancar, A., 1997, Influence of evaporation, ground water, and uncertainty in the hydrologic budget of Lake Lucerne, a seepage lake in Polk County, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2439, vi, 61 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2439.","productDescription":"vi, 61 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":22,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wsp2439/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":138166,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abae4b07f02db671ed6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, Terrie Mackin","contributorId":49776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Terrie Mackin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Swancar, Amy aswancar@usgs.gov","contributorId":450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swancar","given":"Amy","email":"aswancar@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":144664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70185300,"text":"70185300 - 1997 - Chemical factors influencing colloid-facilitated transport of contaminants in porous media","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-26T14:37:48","indexId":"70185300","displayToPublicDate":"1997-02-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chemical factors influencing colloid-facilitated transport of contaminants in porous media","docAbstract":"The effects of colloids on the transport of two strongly sorbing solutes![\"\"](\"http://pubs.acs.org/entityImage/legacy/sbd.gif\")
a hydrophobic organic compound, phenanthrene, and a metal ion, Ni2+were studied in sand-packed laboratory columns under different pH and ionic strength conditions. Two types of column experiments were performed as follows: (i) sorption/mobilization experiments where the contaminant was first sorbed in the column under conditions where no colloids were released and mobilized under conditions where colloids were released as a result of ionic strength reduction in the influent; and (ii) transport experiments where the contaminant, dissolved or sorbed on colloids, was injected into columns packed with a strongly sorbing porous medium. In the first type of experiment, contaminant mobilization was significant only when all releasable colloids were flushed from the column. In all other cases, although high colloid particle concentrations were encountered, there was no marked effect on total contaminant concentrations. In the second type of experiment, colloid deposition efficiencies were shown to control the enhancement of transport. The deposition efficiency was a function of the pH (for a high organic content sand) and of the contaminant concentration (for a charged species such as Ni2+).
","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es9600643","usgsCitation":"Roy, S.B., and Dzombak, D.A., 1997, Chemical factors influencing colloid-facilitated transport of contaminants in porous media: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 31, no. 3, p. 656-664, https://doi.org/10.1021/es9600643.","productDescription":"9 p. ","startPage":"656","endPage":"664","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337841,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1997-02-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d0ea1ce4b0236b68f6737f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roy, Sujoy B.","contributorId":189533,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roy","given":"Sujoy","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dzombak, David A.","contributorId":189534,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dzombak","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70185277,"text":"70185277 - 1997 - Anaerobic degradation of benzene in diverse anoxic environments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-26T14:38:36","indexId":"70185277","displayToPublicDate":"1997-02-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Anaerobic degradation of benzene in diverse anoxic environments","docAbstract":"Benzene has often been observed to be resistant to microbial degradation under anoxic conditions. A number of recent studies, however, have demonstrated that anaerobic benzene utilization can occur. This study extends the previous reports of anaerobic benzene degradation to sediments that varied with respect to contamination input, predominant redox condition, and salinity. In spite of differences in methodology, microbial degradation of benzene was noted in slurries constructed with sediments from various geographical locations and range from aquifer sands to fine-grained estuarine muds, under methanogenic, sulfate-reducing, and iron-reducing conditions. In aquifer sediments under methanogenic conditions, benzene loss was concomitant with methane production, and microbial utilization of [14C]benzene yielded 14CO2 and 14CH4. In slurries with estuarine and aquifer sediments under sulfate-reducing conditions, the loss of sulfate in amounts consistent with the stoichiometric degradation of benzene or the conversion of [14C]benzene to 14CO2 indicates that benzene was mineralized. Benzene loss also occurred in the presence of Fe(III) in sediments from freshwater environments. Microbial benzene utilization, however, was not observed under denitrifying conditions. These results indicate that the potential for the anaerobic degradation of benzene, which was once thought to be resistant to non-oxygenase attack, exists in a variety of aquatic sediments from widely distributed locations.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es960506a","usgsCitation":"Kazumi, J., Caldwell, M., Suflita, J., Lovely, D., and Young, L., 1997, Anaerobic degradation of benzene in diverse anoxic environments: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 31, no. 3, p. 813-818, https://doi.org/10.1021/es960506a.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"813","endPage":"818","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337814,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1997-02-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ccf5a0e4b0849ce97f0d04","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kazumi, J.","contributorId":189493,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kazumi","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Caldwell, M.E.","contributorId":189494,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Caldwell","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Suflita, J.M.","contributorId":83303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Suflita","given":"J.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lovely, D.R.","contributorId":189429,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lovely","given":"D.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Young, L.Y.","contributorId":76547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"L.Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70185278,"text":"70185278 - 1997 - Transformations of TNT and related aminotoluenes in groundwater aquifer slurries under different electron-accepting conditions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-17T14:18:37","indexId":"70185278","displayToPublicDate":"1997-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5323,"text":"Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology ","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Transformations of TNT and related aminotoluenes in groundwater aquifer slurries under different electron-accepting conditions","docAbstract":"The transport and fate of pollutants is often governed by both their tendency to sorb as well as their susceptibility to biodegradation. We have evaluated these parameters for 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and several biodegradation products. Slurries of aquifer sediment and groundwater depleted TNT at rates of 27, 7.7 and 5.9 μM day−1 under methanogenic, sulfate-reducing and nitrate-reducing conditions, respectively. Abiotic losses of TNT were determined in autoclaved controls. Abiotic TNT loss and subsequent transformation of the products was also observed. These transformations were especially important during the first step in the reduction of TNT. Subsequent abiotic reactions could account for all of the transformations observed in bottles which were initially nitrate-reducing. Other controls removed TNT reduction products at much slower rates than slurries containing live organisms. 2-Amino-4,6-dinitrotoluene was produced in all slurries but disappeared in methanogenic and in sulfate-reducing slurries within several weeks. This compound was converted to 2,4-diamino-6-nitrotoluene in all slurries with subsequent removal of the latter from methanogenic and sulfate-reducing slurries, while it persisted in autoclaved controls and in the nitrate-reducing slurries. Aquifer slurries incubated with either 2,4- or 2,6-diaminotoluene showed losses of these compounds relative to autoclaved controls under nitrate-reducing conditions but not under sulfate-reducing or methanogenic conditions. These latter compounds are important as reduced intermediates in the biodegradation of dinitrotoluenes and as industrial chemicals. In experiments to examine sorption, exposure to landfill sediment resulted in losses of approximately 15% of diaminotoluene isomers and 25% of aminodinitrotoluene isomers from initial solution concentrations within 24 h. Isotherms confirmed that the diaminotoluenes were least strongly sorbed and the amino-dinitrotoluenes most strongly sorbed to this sediment, while TNT sorption capacity was intermediate. In our studies, 2,4,6-triaminotoluene sorption capacity was indeterminate due to its chemical instability. Coupled with biodegradation information, isotherms help describe the likelihood of contaminant removal, persistence, and movement at impacted sites.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Industrial Microbiology","doi":"10.1038/sj.jim.2900317","usgsCitation":"Krumholz, L., Li, J., Clarkson, W., Wilber, G., and Suflita, J., 1997, Transformations of TNT and related aminotoluenes in groundwater aquifer slurries under different electron-accepting conditions: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology , v. 18, no. 2, p. 161-169, https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.jim.2900317.","productDescription":"9 p. ","startPage":"161","endPage":"169","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479930,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.jim.2900317","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":337816,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ccf5a0e4b0849ce97f0d06","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Krumholz, L.R.","contributorId":188090,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Krumholz","given":"L.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Li, J.","contributorId":189495,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clarkson, W.W.","contributorId":189496,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clarkson","given":"W.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wilber, G.G.","contributorId":189497,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilber","given":"G.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Suflita, J.M.","contributorId":83303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Suflita","given":"J.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70187678,"text":"70187678 - 1997 - Land cover characterization and land surface parameterization research","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-12T13:52:56","indexId":"70187678","displayToPublicDate":"1997-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Land cover characterization and land surface parameterization research","docAbstract":"The understanding of land surface processes and their parameterization in atmospheric, hydrologic, and ecosystem models has been a dominant research theme over the past decade. For example, many studies have demonstrated the key role of land cover characteristics as controlling factors in determining land surface processes, such as the exchange of water, energy, carbon, and trace gases between the land surface and the lower atmosphere. The requirements for multiresolution land cover characteristics data to support coupled-systems modeling have also been well documented, including the need for data on land cover type, land use, and many seasonally variable land cover characteristics, such as albedo, leaf area index, canopy conductance, surface roughness, and net primary productivity. Recently, the developers of land data have worked more closely with the land surface process modelers in these efforts.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/1051-0761(1997)007[0001:LCCALS]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Steyaert, L.T., Loveland, T.R., and Parton, W.J., 1997, Land cover characterization and land surface parameterization research: Ecological Applications, v. 7, no. 1, p. 1-2, https://doi.org/10.1890/1051-0761(1997)007[0001:LCCALS]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"2","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341233,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5916c9bce4b044b359e486c0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Steyaert, Louis T.","contributorId":24689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steyaert","given":"Louis","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loveland, Thomas R. 0000-0003-3114-6646 loveland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3114-6646","contributorId":140256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loveland","given":"Thomas","email":"loveland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":695046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Parton, William J.","contributorId":25885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parton","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":25491,"text":"wri934173 - 1997 - Evaluation of agricultural best-management practices in the Conestoga River headwaters, Pennsylvania: Hydrology of a small carbonate site near Ephrata, Pennsylvania, prior to implementation of nutrient management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-31T19:41:38.173174","indexId":"wri934173","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-4173","title":"Evaluation of agricultural best-management practices in the Conestoga River headwaters, Pennsylvania: Hydrology of a small carbonate site near Ephrata, Pennsylvania, prior to implementation of nutrient management","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture and Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection, investigated the effects of agricultural best-management practices on water quality in the Conestoga River headwaters watershed. This report describes environmental factors and the surface-water and ground-water quality of one 47.5-acre field site, Field-Site 2, from October 1984 through September 1986, prior to implementation of nutrient management.
The site is partially terraced agricultural cropland underlain by carbonate rock. Twenty-seven acres are terraced, pipe-drained, and are under no-till cultivation. The remaining acreage is under minimum-till cultivation. Corn is the primary crop. The average annual rate of fertilization at the site was 480 pounds per acre of nitrogen and 110 pounds per acre of phosphorus.
An unconfined limestone and dolomitic aquifer underlies the site, Depth to bedrock ranges from 5 to 30 feet below land surface. Estimated specific yields range from 0.05 to 0.10, specific capacities of wells range from less than 1 to about 20 gallons per minute per foot of drawdown, and estimates of transmissivities range from 10 to 10,000 square feet per day. Average ground-water recharge was estimated to be about 23 inches per year.
The specific capacity and transmissivity data indicate that two aquifer regimes are present at the site. Wells drilled into dolomites in the eastern part of the site have larger specific capacities (averaging 20 gallons per minute per foot of drawdown) relative to specific capacities (averaging less than 1 gallon per minute per foot of drawdown) of wells drilled into limestones in the western part of the site.
Median concentrations of soil-soluble nitrate and soluble phosphorus in the top 4 feet of silt- or silty-clay-loam soil ranged from 177 to 329 and 8.5 to 35 pounds per acre, respectively.
Measured runoff from the pipe-drained terraces ranged from 10 to 48,000 cubic feet and was 1.7 and 0.8 percent, respectively, of the 1985 and 1986 annual precipitation. An estimated 90,700 cubic feet of surface runoff carried 87 pounds to total nitrogen and 37 pounds of total phosphorus, or less that 0.65 percent of the amount of either nutrient applied during the study period. Rainfall on the snow-covered, frozen ground produced more that half of the runoff and nitrogen and phosphorus loads measured in pipe-drained runoff.
Graphical and regression analyses of surface runoff suggest that (1) mean-storm concentrations of total nitrogen species and total phosphorus decreased with increasing time between a runoff event and the last previous nutrient application, and (2) mean total-phosphorus concentrations approached a baseline value (estimated at 2 to 5 milligrams per liter for total-phosphorus concentrations) after several months without nutrient applications.
Dissolved nitrate concentrations in ground water in wells unaffected by an on-site ammonia spill ranged from 7.4 to 100 milligrams per liter.
Average annual additions and removals of nitrogen were estimated. Nitrogen was added to the site by applications of manure and commercial fertilizer nitrogen, as well as by precipitation and ground water entering across the western site boundary. These sources of nitrogen accounted for 95, 3, 1, and 1 percent, respectively, of estimated additions. Nitrogen was removed from the site in harvested crops, by ground-water discharge, by volatilization, and in surface runoff, which accounted for 42, 28, 29, and less than 1 percent, respectively, of estimated removals.
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,{"id":70217158,"text":"70217158 - 1997 - Combining digital spatial data with hydrologic measurements to interpret controls of stream chemistry in large watersheds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-07T14:01:41.581874","indexId":"70217158","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-07T07:57:09","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Combining digital spatial data with hydrologic measurements to interpret controls of stream chemistry in large watersheds","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
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,{"id":70074731,"text":"70074731 - 1997 - Immunochemical technology for environmental applications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-03T16:22:59","indexId":"70074731","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T10:53:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":612,"text":"ACS Symposium Series","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Immunochemical technology for environmental applications","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/bk-1997-0657","usgsCitation":"1997, Immunochemical technology for environmental applications: ACS Symposium Series, v. 657, 233 p., https://doi.org/10.1021/bk-1997-0657.","productDescription":"233 p.","numberOfPages":"233","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281878,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":281877,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1997-0657"}],"volume":"657","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-07-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd6206e4b0b290850fde85","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Aga, Diana S.","contributorId":112821,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aga","given":"Diana","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509789,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thurman, E.M.","contributorId":102864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thurman","given":"E.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509788,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70199482,"text":"70199482 - 1997 - In situ and laboratory methods to study subsurface microbial transport","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-19T10:55:52","indexId":"70199482","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T10:52:50","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"In situ and laboratory methods to study subsurface microbial transport","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Manual of environmental microbiology","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Microbiology Press","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Harvey, R.W., 1997, In situ and laboratory methods to study subsurface microbial transport, chap. of Manual of environmental microbiology, p. 586-599.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"586","endPage":"599","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357479,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c110669e4b034bf6a80cd53","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Hurst, C. J.","contributorId":206942,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hurst","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745551,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stetzenbach, L.D.","contributorId":207563,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stetzenbach","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745552,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walters, M.","contributorId":105056,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Walters","given":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":47618,"text":"Retired Calpine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":745553,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Knudsen, G.R.","contributorId":207998,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Knudsen","given":"G.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745554,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McInerney, M.J.","contributorId":99298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McInerney","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745555,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":5}],"authors":[{"text":"Harvey, Ronald W. 0000-0002-2791-8503 rwharvey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2791-8503","contributorId":564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"Ronald","email":"rwharvey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70231429,"text":"70231429 - 1997 - A diatom-based paleohydrologic record of climate change for the past 800 k.y. from Owens Lake, California","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70231429,"text":"70231429 - 1997 - A diatom-based paleohydrologic record of climate change for the past 800 k.y. from Owens Lake, California","indexId":"70231429","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"title":"A diatom-based paleohydrologic record of climate change for the past 800 k.y. from Owens Lake, California"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70231435,"text":"70231435 - 1997 - An 800,000-year paleoclimatic record from core OL-92, Owens Lake, Southeast California","indexId":"70231435","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"title":"An 800,000-year paleoclimatic record from core OL-92, Owens Lake, Southeast California"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70231435,"text":"70231435 - 1997 - An 800,000-year paleoclimatic record from core OL-92, Owens Lake, Southeast California","indexId":"70231435","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"title":"An 800,000-year paleoclimatic record from core OL-92, Owens Lake, Southeast California"},"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-10T16:20:21.761606","indexId":"70231429","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T10:30:51","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"A diatom-based paleohydrologic record of climate change for the past 800 k.y. from Owens Lake, California","docAbstract":"A 323-m (~800 k.y.) core of lake deposits beneath Owens Lake playa, Inyo County, California, contains a nearly continuous paleolimnological record based on diatom assemblages. The core chronology is anchored by the Matuyama/Brunhes magnetostratigraphic boundary and the Bishop ash near the base of the record and by radiocarbon dates near the top.
Throughout most of its history, Owens Lake was characterized by fresh-water diatoms, indicating a positive hydrologic input from the Owens River and overflow to lake systems downstream. Both benthic and planktic freshwater diatoms dominate in ashy and sandy sediments between 800 ka and 440 ka and suggest shallow, open-water environments in a basin where sedimentation and subsidence were approximately balanced. After 440 ka, freshwater planktic diatoms dominate, implying that the Owens basin became deeper, perhaps as a result of increased rates of tectonic subsidence. The stratigraphic distribution of saline benthic and planktic diatoms record comparatively short intervals when the lake was shallow and saline. Nevertheless, periodic overflow during these times prevented deposition of evaporites.
According to a chronology based on sediment mass-accumulation rates, the alternation of saline and freshwater diatom assemblages approximately tracks the progression of oxygen isotope stages recorded in marine deposits. Even-numbered isotope stages representing glacial conditions are matched by episodes where freshwater planktic diatoms dominate, indicating abundant precipitation in the Sierra Nevada in response to a southward shift of storm tracks originating in the North Pacific around the Aleutian Low.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"An 800,000-year paleoclimatic record from core OL-92, Owens Lake, Southeast California","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0-8137-2317-5.99","usgsCitation":"Bradbury, J.P., 1997, A diatom-based paleohydrologic record of climate change for the past 800 k.y. from Owens Lake, California, chap. of An 800,000-year paleoclimatic record from core OL-92, Owens Lake, Southeast California, v. 317, p. 99-112, https://doi.org/10.1130/0-8137-2317-5.99.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"99","endPage":"112","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":400421,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Owens Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.15246582031249,\n 36.27085020723902\n ],\n [\n -117.81463623046875,\n 36.27085020723902\n ],\n [\n -117.81463623046875,\n 36.641977814705946\n ],\n [\n -118.15246582031249,\n 36.641977814705946\n ],\n [\n -118.15246582031249,\n 36.27085020723902\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"317","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Smith, George I.","contributorId":57096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"George I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842576,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bischoff, James L. jbischoff@usgs.gov","contributorId":1389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bischoff","given":"James","email":"jbischoff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":842577,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Bradbury, J. Platt","contributorId":91106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradbury","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Platt","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70199200,"text":"70199200 - 1997 - Comparative results of 27A1 NMR spectrometric and ferron colorimetric analyses of hydroxaluminum hydrolysis products in aged mildly acidic aqueous systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-10T10:21:01","indexId":"70199200","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T10:19:48","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Comparative results of 27A1 NMR spectrometric and ferron colorimetric analyses of hydroxaluminum hydrolysis products in aged mildly acidic aqueous systems","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in environmental chemistry","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","publisherLocation":"New York","usgsCitation":"Vivit, D., Thorne, K.M., and Hem, J., 1997, Comparative results of 27A1 NMR spectrometric and ferron colorimetric analyses of hydroxaluminum hydrolysis products in aged mildly acidic aqueous systems, chap. of Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in environmental chemistry, p. 140-160.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"140","endPage":"160","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357188,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98e23ee4b0702d0e848dad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vivit, D.V.","contributorId":28609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vivit","given":"D.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thorne, Karen M. 0000-0002-1381-0657 kthorne@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1381-0657","contributorId":4191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thorne","given":"Karen","email":"kthorne@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":744641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hem, J.D.","contributorId":54576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hem","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70231423,"text":"70231423 - 1997 - Responses of sediment geochemistry to climate change in Owens Lake sediment: An 800-k.y. record of saline/fresh cycles in core OL-92","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70231423,"text":"70231423 - 1997 - Responses of sediment geochemistry to climate change in Owens Lake sediment: An 800-k.y. record of saline/fresh cycles in core OL-92","indexId":"70231423","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"title":"Responses of sediment geochemistry to climate change in Owens Lake sediment: An 800-k.y. record of saline/fresh cycles in core OL-92"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70231435,"text":"70231435 - 1997 - An 800,000-year paleoclimatic record from core OL-92, Owens Lake, Southeast California","indexId":"70231435","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"title":"An 800,000-year paleoclimatic record from core OL-92, Owens Lake, Southeast California"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70231435,"text":"70231435 - 1997 - An 800,000-year paleoclimatic record from core OL-92, Owens Lake, Southeast California","indexId":"70231435","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"title":"An 800,000-year paleoclimatic record from core OL-92, Owens Lake, Southeast California"},"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-10T16:21:04.215966","indexId":"70231423","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T09:44:17","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Responses of sediment geochemistry to climate change in Owens Lake sediment: An 800-k.y. record of saline/fresh cycles in core OL-92","docAbstract":"Geochemical parameters of sediments from drill hole OL-92 indicate that Owens Lake was saline, alkaline, and highly productive during interglacial periods, and was hydrologically open and relatively unproductive during glacial periods. Abundance of CaCO3, organic carbon, and cation-exchange capacity of the clay fraction show cyclic variation down the core. Six minima in these components during the past 500 k.y. are interpreted as caused by intensive overflow that occurred during Sierran glacial advances. Maxima in these components indicate closed-lake conditions, reflecting warmer and more arid interglacial climates. The pattern of CaCO3 abundance suggests that closed lake conditions predominated over the past 500 k.y. The absence of gaylussite and gypsum in the sediments, however, indicates lake salinity never exceeded about 15 wt %, a limit which requires flushing of accumulated salts every 10 k.y.
Oscillations of CaCO3 generally indicate a 100-k.y. dominant cycle, a characteristic of the marine δ18O record. Four of the last five marine isotope terminations are clearly shown in the Owens Lake record. The last interglacial at Owens Lake appears to have occurred between 120 ka and 50 ka. The roughly 10-k.y. offset between this interval and marine oxygen-isotope stage 5 reflects either error in the age-depth model, or alternatively, a time lag between changes in Northern Hemisphere ice volumes and the manifestation of local climate change in lake geochemistry and sedimentology.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"An 800,000-year paleoclimatic record from core OL-92, Owens Lake, Southeast California","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0-8137-2317-5.37","usgsCitation":"Bischoff, J.L., Fitts, J.P., and Fitzpatrick, J.A., 1997, Responses of sediment geochemistry to climate change in Owens Lake sediment: An 800-k.y. record of saline/fresh cycles in core OL-92, chap. of An 800,000-year paleoclimatic record from core OL-92, Owens Lake, Southeast California, v. 317, p. 37-47, https://doi.org/10.1130/0-8137-2317-5.37.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"37","endPage":"47","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":400396,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Owens Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.18817138671875,\n 36.2354121683998\n ],\n [\n -117.79266357421874,\n 36.2354121683998\n ],\n [\n -117.79266357421874,\n 36.62875385775956\n ],\n [\n -118.18817138671875,\n 36.62875385775956\n ],\n [\n -118.18817138671875,\n 36.2354121683998\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"317","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bischoff, James L. jbischoff@usgs.gov","contributorId":1389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bischoff","given":"James","email":"jbischoff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":842565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fitts, Jeffrey P.","contributorId":73348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitts","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fitzpatrick, John A. 0000-0001-6738-7180 jfitzpat@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6738-7180","contributorId":3719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitzpatrick","given":"John","email":"jfitzpat@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70198497,"text":"70198497 - 1997 - Geochemistry of the processes that attenuate acid mine drainage in wetlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-13T09:37:03","indexId":"70198497","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T09:40:03","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Geochemistry of the processes that attenuate acid mine drainage in wetlands","docAbstract":"Because conventional treatment of acid-mine drainage (AMD) involves installation and maintenance of water treatment plants, regulators and mine operators have sought lower cost and lower maintenance technologies. One ecological engineering technology that has received increasing research attention is the use of natural and constructed wetlands for remediation of some of the water-quality problems associated with AMD. As surface water flows through a wetland, several processes can occur to decrease the elevated concentrations of sulfate, trace metals, arsenic, and hydrogen ions that characterize AMD. These processes range from precipitation of mineral phases to the active uptake of solutes by vegetation. The relative importance of these processes between different wetlands depends on the hydrologic and geochemical characteristics of the wetlands. This paper describes the geochemistry of the processes that contribute to AMD attenuation in wetlands and presents some of the case studies that have identified these processes. The attenuation of AMD in wetlands has been studied in natural and in man- made (constructed) wetlands. In this paper, case studies of both are presented. A discussion of some of the general characteristics of wetlands is followed by more detailed discussions of the processes and geochemistry that contribute to the treatment of AMD in wetlands, relevant case studies, and a brief discussion of constructed wetland design. The physical, chemical, and hydrologic characteristics of a wetland that affect its potential for supporting specific types of reactions are also emphasized.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The environmental geochemistry of mineral deposits, part a: Processes, technique, and health issues","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","publisherLocation":"Littleton, Colorado ","doi":"10.5382/Rev.06.10","usgsCitation":"Walton-Day, K., 1997, Geochemistry of the processes that attenuate acid mine drainage in wetlands, chap. of The environmental geochemistry of mineral deposits, part a: Processes, technique, and health issues, p. 215-228, https://doi.org/10.5382/Rev.06.10.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"215","endPage":"228","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356252,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98e23ee4b0702d0e848daf","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Plumlee, Geoffrey S. 0000-0002-9607-5626 gplumlee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9607-5626","contributorId":960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plumlee","given":"Geoffrey","email":"gplumlee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742245,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Logsdon, M.J.","contributorId":194552,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Logsdon","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742246,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Walton-Day, Katherine 0000-0002-9146-6193 kwaltond@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9146-6193","contributorId":1245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walton-Day","given":"Katherine","email":"kwaltond@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":741681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":50148,"text":"ofr97679 - 1997 - EM Induction and DC Resistivity surveys near the Norman, Oklahoma Landfill - text and figures for the WRD Norman web site","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-05T08:46:16","indexId":"ofr97679","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T08:44:47","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-679","title":"EM Induction and DC Resistivity surveys near the Norman, Oklahoma Landfill - text and figures for the WRD Norman web site","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr97679","usgsCitation":"Lucius, J.E., and Bisdorf, R.J., 1997, EM Induction and DC Resistivity surveys near the Norman, Oklahoma Landfill - text and figures for the WRD Norman web site: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-679, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97679.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":369948,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States 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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lucius, Jeff E.","contributorId":121303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lucius","given":"Jeff","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":511370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bisdorf, R. J.","contributorId":117705,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bisdorf","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":511369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70199185,"text":"70199185 - 1997 - Geochemical modeling of water-rock interactions in mining environments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-10T08:31:51","indexId":"70199185","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T08:29:45","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Geochemical modeling of water-rock interactions in mining environments","docAbstract":"Geochemical modeling is a powerful tool for evaluating geochemical processes in mining environments. Properly constrained and judiciously applied, modeling can provide valuable insights into processes controlling the release, transport, and fate of contaminants in mine drainage. This chapter contains 1) an overview of geochemical modeling, 2) discussion of the types of models and computer programs used, 3) description of a procedure for screening water analyses for modeling input, and 4) examples of the application of modeling for interpreting geochemical processes in mining environments. Three general strategies in current use to interpret water-rock interactions are statistical analysis, “inverse” modeling, and “forward” modeling. Multivariate correlation analysis, factor analysis, cluster analysis, and other statistical techniques can group water-chemistry data into sets that may relate to hydrogeochemical processes (Drever, 1988; Puckett and Bricker, 1992). In the field of geochemical exploration, statistical analysis is used widely to treat large data sets of rock and sediment chemistry (e.g., Garrett, 1989). No physical or chemical principles are involved directly in these statistical treatments, hence they are not considered further in this chapter. Nevertheless, statistical analysis can be a useful tool in organizing complex geochemical data for interpretation.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The environmental geochemistry of mineral deposits: Part A: Processes, techniques, and health issues part B: Case studies and research topics","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.5382/Rev.06.14","usgsCitation":"Alpers, C.N., and Nordstrom, D.K., 1997, Geochemical modeling of water-rock interactions in mining environments, chap. of The environmental geochemistry of mineral deposits: Part A: Processes, techniques, and health issues part B: Case studies and research topics, v. 6, no. 1, p. 289-324, https://doi.org/10.5382/Rev.06.14.","productDescription":"36 p.","startPage":"289","endPage":"324","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357158,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98e23ee4b0702d0e848db1","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Plumlee, Geoffrey S. 0000-0002-9607-5626 gplumlee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9607-5626","contributorId":960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plumlee","given":"Geoffrey","email":"gplumlee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":744605,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Logsdon, M.J.","contributorId":194552,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Logsdon","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744606,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Filipek, L.F.","contributorId":207755,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Filipek","given":"L.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744607,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Alpers, Charles N. 0000-0001-6945-7365 cnalpers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6945-7365","contributorId":411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alpers","given":"Charles","email":"cnalpers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":744603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nordstrom, D. Kirk 0000-0003-3283-5136 dkn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-5136","contributorId":749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordstrom","given":"D.","email":"dkn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Kirk","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":744604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70198694,"text":"70198694 - 1997 - Mass balance approach to selenium cycling through the San Joaquin Valley, sources to river to bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-15T08:18:46","indexId":"70198694","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T08:15:34","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Mass balance approach to selenium cycling through the San Joaquin Valley, sources to river to bay","docAbstract":"Surface and ground waters of the Central Valley of California (e.g., rivers, dams, off-stream storage reservoirs, pumping facilities, irrigation and drinking water supply canals, agricultural drainage canals) are part of a hydrologic system that makes up a complex ecosystem extending from the riparian wetlands of the Sacramento and San Joaquin Rivers through the San Francisco Bay/Delta Estuary to the Pacific Ocean (Fig. 1). Water quality concerns center on elevated selenium (Se) and salt concentrations in irrigation drainage water discharged into the waterways of the relatively arid San Joaquin Valley (SJV), including the San Joaquin River (SJR). These waters are made unique by dissolved Se, weathered from marine sedimentary rocks of the Coast Ranges to the west, being ultimately concentrated to toxic levels in aquatic wildlife in the wetlands of the SJV/SJR trough (Figs. 1 and 2) (Presser and Ohlendorf, 1987; Presser, 1994). Scientific and environmental concerns focus on the bioreactive properties of Se and its partitioning among biota, water, and sediment, and on whether simple dilution models can be applied to an element that bioaccumulates. Because of state and federal commitments to provide water for irrigation, as well as drainage of irriga tion wastewater by the year 2000 drainage from over 180,000 ha of seleniferous, salinized farmland within the western SJV will create approximately 387 million cubic meters of potentially toxic drainage water annually (i.e., “problem water,” as defined by the San Joaquin Valley Drainage Program, 1990), thus lending urgency to an understanding of the biogeochemistry of Se in this environment.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental chemistry of selenium","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","publisherLocation":"New York","usgsCitation":"Presser, T.S., and Piper, D.Z., 1997, Mass balance approach to selenium cycling through the San Joaquin Valley, sources to river to bay, chap. of Environmental chemistry of selenium, 30 p.","productDescription":"30 p.","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356476,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Joaquin Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.71728515624999,\n 40.195659093364654\n ],\n [\n -122.51953124999999,\n 39.791654835253425\n ],\n [\n -122.3876953125,\n 39.487084981687495\n ],\n [\n -122.2119140625,\n 39.198205348894795\n ],\n [\n -122.08007812499999,\n 38.92522904714054\n ],\n [\n -121.92626953124999,\n 38.496593518947584\n ],\n [\n -121.904296875,\n 38.151837403006766\n ],\n [\n -121.55273437499999,\n 37.97884504049713\n ],\n [\n -121.37695312499999,\n 37.87485339352928\n ],\n [\n -121.04736328125,\n 37.42252593456307\n ],\n [\n -120.91552734375,\n 37.10776507118514\n ],\n [\n -120.65185546875,\n 36.77409249464195\n ],\n [\n -120.4541015625,\n 36.36822190085111\n ],\n [\n -120.234375,\n 36.13787471840729\n ],\n [\n -120.14648437499999,\n 35.782170703266075\n ],\n [\n -120.2783203125,\n 35.782170703266075\n ],\n [\n -120.60791015625,\n 35.69299463209881\n ],\n [\n -120.52001953124999,\n 35.55010533588552\n ],\n [\n -120.10253906249999,\n 35.35321610123823\n ],\n [\n -119.50927734374999,\n 34.939985151560435\n ],\n [\n -119.0478515625,\n 34.92197103616377\n ],\n [\n -118.69628906249999,\n 34.903952965590065\n ],\n [\n -118.67431640625,\n 35.11990857099681\n ],\n [\n -118.6083984375,\n 35.38904996691167\n ],\n [\n -118.63037109375,\n 35.782170703266075\n ],\n [\n -118.91601562499999,\n 36.27970720524017\n ],\n [\n -119.37744140625,\n 36.84446074079564\n ],\n [\n -119.68505859375,\n 37.31775185163688\n ],\n [\n -120.05859375,\n 37.63163475580643\n ],\n [\n -120.52001953124999,\n 37.96152331396614\n ],\n [\n -120.89355468749999,\n 38.41055825094609\n ],\n [\n -121.13525390625,\n 38.839707613545144\n ],\n [\n -121.35498046875,\n 38.92522904714054\n ],\n [\n -121.59667968749999,\n 39.487084981687495\n ],\n [\n -121.70654296874999,\n 39.85915479295669\n ],\n [\n -121.83837890625,\n 40.245991504199026\n ],\n [\n -122.25585937500001,\n 40.74725696280421\n ],\n [\n -122.36572265625,\n 40.74725696280421\n ],\n [\n -122.71728515624999,\n 40.44694705960048\n ],\n [\n -122.84912109375,\n 40.3130432088809\n ],\n [\n -122.71728515624999,\n 40.195659093364654\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98e23ee4b0702d0e848db3","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Engberg, R. A.","contributorId":104876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engberg","given":"R. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742608,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Presser, Theresa S. 0000-0001-5643-0147 tpresser@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5643-0147","contributorId":2467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Presser","given":"Theresa","email":"tpresser@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Piper, David Z. dzpiper@usgs.gov","contributorId":2452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piper","given":"David","email":"dzpiper@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70199183,"text":"70199183 - 1997 - Seasonal variation in metal concentrations in a stream affected by acid mine drainage, St. Kevin Gulch, Colorado ","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-10T08:16:32","indexId":"70199183","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T08:08:24","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"22","title":"Seasonal variation in metal concentrations in a stream affected by acid mine drainage, St. Kevin Gulch, Colorado ","docAbstract":"Mining of mineral deposits in the Rocky Mountains has left a legacy of acidic inflows to otherwise pristine upland watersheds. Since 1986, the U.S. Geological Survey has studied physical, chemical, and biological processes that affect the transport and transformation of metals in St. Kevin Gulch, an acidic, metal-rich stream near Leadville, Colorado. Well-known chemical processes have been quantified in the context of on-going physical transport by defining the hydrology with instream tracer-dilution experiments. These processes affect the partitioning of metals between dissolved and colloidal transport phases. In this acidic stream, pH increases during snowmelt runoff. At the most acidic stream site, pH varies from 3.15 to 4.00 during seasonal changes. Conservative effects of dilution are quantified using manganese as a natural, conservative tracer. Aluminum, copper, and zinc also are relatively conservative throughout the seasonal changes. Sulfate and iron, on the other hand, are removed with respect to manganese. The loss of iron through precipitation of hydrous Fe oxide is consistent with thermodynamic calculations. The loss of sulfate, however, cannot be fully explained.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The environmental geochemistry of mineral deposits: Part A: Processes, techniques, and health issues part B: Case studies and research topics","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.5382/Rev.06","usgsCitation":"Kimball, B.A., 1997, Seasonal variation in metal concentrations in a stream affected by acid mine drainage, St. Kevin Gulch, Colorado , chap. 22 of The environmental geochemistry of mineral deposits: Part A: Processes, techniques, and health issues part B: Case studies and research topics, v. 6, p. 467-477, https://doi.org/10.5382/Rev.06.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"467","endPage":"477","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357157,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"St. Kevin Gulch","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.45923614501953,\n 39.273992339346364\n ],\n [\n -106.29718780517578,\n 39.273992339346364\n ],\n [\n -106.29718780517578,\n 39.381548769326415\n ],\n [\n -106.45923614501953,\n 39.381548769326415\n ],\n [\n -106.45923614501953,\n 39.273992339346364\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98e23ee4b0702d0e848db5","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Plumlee, Geoffrey S. 0000-0002-9607-5626 gplumlee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9607-5626","contributorId":960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plumlee","given":"Geoffrey","email":"gplumlee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":744599,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Logsdon, M.J.","contributorId":194552,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Logsdon","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744600,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Filipek, L.F.","contributorId":207755,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Filipek","given":"L.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744601,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Kimball, B. A.","contributorId":87583,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kimball","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70194880,"text":"70194880 - 1997 - Soil, plant, and structural considerations for surface barriers in arid environments: Application of results from studies in the Mojave Desert near Beatty, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-10T10:17:44","indexId":"70194880","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"14","title":"Soil, plant, and structural considerations for surface barriers in arid environments: Application of results from studies in the Mojave Desert near Beatty, Nevada","docAbstract":"The suitability of a waste-burial site depends on hydrologic processes that can affect the near-surface water balance. In addition, the loss of burial trench integrity by erosion and subsidence of trench covers may increase the likelihood of infiltration and percolation, thereby reducing the effectiveness of the site in isolating waste. Although the main components of the water balance may be defined, direct measurements can be difficult, and actual data for specific locations are seldom available. A prevalent assumption is that little or no precipitation will percolate to buried wastes at an arid site. Thick unsaturated zones, which are common to arid regions, are thought to slow water movement and minimize the risk of waste migration to the underlying water table. Thus, reliance is commonly placed on the natural system to isolate contaminants at waste-burial sites in the arid West.
Few data are available to test assumptions about the natural soil-water flow systems at arid sites, and even less is known about how the natural processes are altered by construction of a waste-burial facility. The lack of data is the result of technical complexity of hydraulic characterization of the dry, stony soils, and insufficient field studies that account for the extreme temporal and spatial variations in precipitation, soils, and plants in arid regions. In 1976, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) began a long-term study at a waste site in the Mojave Desert. This paper summarizes the findings of ongoing investigations done under natural-site and waste-burial conditions, and discusses how this information may be applied to the design of surface barriers for waste sites in arid environments.
The waste-burial site is in one of the most arid parts of the United States and is about 40 km northeast of Death Valley, near Beatty, Nev. (Figure 1). Precipitation averaged 108 mm/yr during 1981-1992. The water table is 85-115 m below land surface (Fischer, 1992). Sediments are largely alluvial and fluvial deposits (Nichols, 1987). Vegetation is sparse; creosote bush is the dominant species. The waste facility has been used for burial of low-level radioactive waste (1962-1992) and hazardous chemical waste (1970 to present). Burial-trench construction includes excavation of native soil, emplacement of waste, and backfilling with previously stockpiled soil. Only the most recently closed hazardous-waste trench (1991) incorporates a plastic liner in the cover. The surfaces of completed burial trenches and perimeter areas are kept free of vegetation.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Barrier technologies for environmental management: Summary of a workshop","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"The National Academies Press","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.17226/5539","isbn":"0-309-05685-3","usgsCitation":"Andraski, B.J., and Prudic, D.E., 1997, Soil, plant, and structural considerations for surface barriers in arid environments: Application of results from studies in the Mojave Desert near Beatty, Nevada, chap. 14 of Barrier technologies for environmental management: Summary of a workshop, p. 68-78, https://doi.org/10.17226/5539.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"68","endPage":"78","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":350647,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","city":"Beatty","otherGeospatial":"Mojave Desert","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a6c4c9ee4b06e28e9cabb3a","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"U.S. National Research Council","contributorId":128227,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"U.S. National Research Council","id":725864,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Andraski, Brian J. 0000-0002-2086-0417 andraski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2086-0417","contributorId":168800,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andraski","given":"Brian","email":"andraski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":38175,"text":"Toxics Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":725861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Prudic, David E. deprudic@usgs.gov","contributorId":3430,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prudic","given":"David","email":"deprudic@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":725862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70019189,"text":"70019189 - 1997 - Temporal variability in the hydrologic regimes of the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:10","indexId":"70019189","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1934,"text":"IAHS-AISH Publication","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Temporal variability in the hydrologic regimes of the United States","docAbstract":"Discharge records where flows have not been subject to overt anthropogenic controls have been identified for over 1500 streamflow gauging stations throughout the United States in the US Geological Survey Hydro-Climatic Data Network. These stations fall within all 21 water resources regions of the United States. Analysis of runoff in 20 regions, where long-term daily records are available, shows an increasing trend in 16 regions. Further analysis using a stratified subset of 65 sites shows an increase in baseflow at approximately 90% of the sites during the past 50 years, regardless of the size of the drainage area. Because anthropogenic alterations of watershed characteristics cannot explain these hydrologic changes, then meteorological or climatic forces are implicated.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"IAHS-AISH Publication","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"01447815","usgsCitation":"Hubbard, E., Landwehr, J., and Barker, A., 1997, Temporal variability in the hydrologic regimes of the United States: IAHS-AISH Publication, v. 246, p. 97-103.","startPage":"97","endPage":"103","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226414,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"246","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba521e4b08c986b320828","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hubbard, E. F.","contributorId":66666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hubbard","given":"E. F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Landwehr, J.M.","contributorId":39815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landwehr","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barker, A.R.","contributorId":7972,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barker","given":"A.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":381933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
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