No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"John Wiley & Sons, Inc.","doi":"10.1111/j.1749-6632.1994.tb38863.x","issn":"00778923","usgsCitation":"Booth, J.S., Winters, W.J., and Dillon, W.P., 1994, Circumstantial evidence of gas hydrate and slope failure associations on the United States Atlantic continental margin: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, v. 715, p. 487-489, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1994.tb38863.x.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"487","endPage":"489","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224767,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"715","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-12-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f608e4b0c8380cd4c56e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Booth, James S.","contributorId":93477,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Booth","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":375163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Winters, William J. bwinters@usgs.gov","contributorId":522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winters","given":"William","email":"bwinters@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":375164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dillon, William P. bdillon@usgs.gov","contributorId":79820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dillon","given":"William","email":"bdillon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":375165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70017137,"text":"70017137 - 1994 - A debris flow deposit in alluvial, coal-bearing facies, Bighorn Basin, Wyoming, USA: Evidence for catastrophic termination of a mire","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-22T00:35:22.244483","indexId":"70017137","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A debris flow deposit in alluvial, coal-bearing facies, Bighorn Basin, Wyoming, USA: Evidence for catastrophic termination of a mire","docAbstract":"Coal and clastic facies investigations of a Paleocene coal-bearing succession in the Grass Creek coal mine, southwestern Bighorn Basin, Wyoming, USA, suggest that disruption of peat accumulation in recurrent mires was caused by the repetitive progradation of crevasse splays and, ultimately, by a catastrophic mass movement. The mass movement, represented by deposits of debris flow, marked the termination of significant peat accumulation in the Grass Creek coal mine area.
Megascopic and microscopic analyses of coal beds exposed along the mine highwalls suggest that these deposits developed in low-lying mires, as evidenced primarily by their ash yields and maceral composition. Disruption of peat accumulation in successive mires was caused by incursions of sediment into the mire environments. Termination by crevasse splay progradation is represented by coarsening-upward successions of mudrock and tabular, rooted sandstone, which overlie coal beds in the lower part of the coal-bearing interval. A more rapid process of mire termination by mass movement is exemplified by a debris flow deposit of diamictite, which overlies the uppermost coal bed at the top of the coal-bearing interval. The diamictite consists of a poorly sorted, unstratified mixture of quartzite cobbles and pebbles embedded in a claystone-rich or sandy mudstone matrix. Deposition of the diamictite may have taken place over a matter of weeks, days, or perhaps even hours, by catastrophic flood, thus reflecting an instantaneous process of mire termination. Coarse clastics and mud were transported from the southwest some 20–40 km as a viscous debris flow along stream courses from the ancestral Washakie Range to the Grass Creek area, where the flow overrode a low-lying mire and effectively terminated peat accumulation.
Water resources data for the 1993 water year for Massachusetts and Rhode Island consists of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; contents of lakes and reservoirs; and ground-water levels. This report contains discharge records for 77 gaging stations, month end contents of five lakes and reservoirs, water quality at 10 gaging stations, and water levels for 137 observation wells. Data also are included for 59 low-flow partial-record stations. Miscellaneous hydrologic data were collected at various sites that were not a part of the systematic data-collection program and are published as miscellaneous discharge measurements and quality of ground water. A few pertinent stations in bordering States are also included in this report. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System operated by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State and Federal agencies in Massachusetts and Rhode Island.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wdrMARI931","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the States of Massachusetts and Rhode Island and with other agencies","usgsCitation":"Gadoury, R., Socolow, R., Girouard, G., and Ramsbey, L., 1994, Water resources data, Massachusetts and Rhode Island, water year 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report MA-RI-93-1, xvi, 266 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrMARI931.","productDescription":"xvi, 266 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":181397,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1993/mari-93-1/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":496117,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1993/mari-93-1/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts, Rhode Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.50297488831188,\n 42.97016577848564\n ],\n [\n -73.50297488831188,\n 41.11994266161375\n ],\n [\n -69.8918541821574,\n 41.11994266161375\n ],\n [\n -69.8918541821574,\n 42.97016577848564\n ],\n [\n -73.50297488831188,\n 42.97016577848564\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fb6c2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gadoury, R.S.","contributorId":88030,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gadoury","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":251029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Socolow, R.S.","contributorId":17639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Socolow","given":"R.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":251026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Girouard, G.G.","contributorId":88017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Girouard","given":"G.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":251028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ramsbey, L.R.","contributorId":78393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramsbey","given":"L.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":251027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":55016,"text":"wdrTX931 - 1994 - Water resources data Texas, water year 1993, volume 1. Arkansas River basin, Red River basin, Sabine River basin, Neches River basin, Trinity River Basin, and intervening coastal basins","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-22T22:17:53.296161","indexId":"wdrTX931","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"TX-93-1","title":"Water resources data Texas, water year 1993, volume 1. Arkansas River basin, Red River basin, Sabine River basin, Neches River basin, Trinity River Basin, and intervening coastal basins","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wdrTX931","usgsCitation":"Gandara, S., McPherson, E.M., Gibbons, W., Hinds, B., and Andrews, F., 1994, Water resources data Texas, water year 1993, volume 1. Arkansas River basin, Red River basin, Sabine River basin, Neches River basin, Trinity River Basin, and intervening coastal basins: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report TX-93-1, xiv, 547 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrTX931.","productDescription":"xiv, 547 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":381600,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1993/tx-93-1/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":180757,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1993/tx-93-1/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -103.07373046875,\n 36.527294814546245\n ],\n [\n -100.01953125,\n 36.527294814546245\n ],\n [\n -100.01953125,\n 34.63320791137959\n ],\n [\n -99.73388671874999,\n 34.470335121217474\n ],\n [\n -99.49218749999999,\n 34.45221847282654\n ],\n [\n -99.36035156249999,\n 34.470335121217474\n ],\n [\n -99.20654296875,\n 34.361576287484176\n ],\n [\n -99.07470703125,\n 34.23451236236987\n ],\n [\n -98.76708984374999,\n 34.161818161230386\n ],\n [\n -98.5693359375,\n 34.161818161230386\n ],\n [\n -98.23974609375,\n 34.17999758688084\n ],\n [\n -97.998046875,\n 34.08906131584994\n ],\n [\n -97.88818359375,\n 33.96158628979907\n ],\n [\n -97.71240234375,\n 33.97980872872457\n ],\n [\n -97.58056640625,\n 33.925129700072\n ],\n [\n -97.3388671875,\n 33.87041555094183\n ],\n [\n -97.0751953125,\n 33.90689555128866\n ],\n [\n -96.83349609375,\n 33.87041555094183\n ],\n [\n -96.6357421875,\n 33.90689555128866\n ],\n [\n -96.43798828125,\n 33.815666308702774\n ],\n [\n -96.2841796875,\n 33.742612777346885\n ],\n [\n -96.08642578125,\n 33.815666308702774\n ],\n [\n -95.8447265625,\n 33.88865750124075\n ],\n [\n -95.64697265625,\n 33.88865750124075\n ],\n [\n -95.361328125,\n 33.88865750124075\n ],\n [\n -94.9658203125,\n 33.90689555128866\n ],\n [\n -94.81201171875,\n 33.779147331286474\n ],\n [\n -94.482421875,\n 33.61461929233378\n ],\n [\n -94.04296874999999,\n 33.578014746143985\n ],\n [\n -94.04296874999999,\n 32.0639555946604\n ],\n [\n -93.49365234375,\n 31.22219703210317\n ],\n [\n -93.49365234375,\n 30.883369321692268\n ],\n [\n -93.62548828125,\n 30.41078179084589\n ],\n [\n -93.71337890625,\n 30.06909396443887\n ],\n [\n -93.88916015625,\n 29.82158272057499\n ],\n [\n -93.9990234375,\n 29.630771207229\n ],\n [\n -94.3505859375,\n 29.57345707301757\n ],\n [\n -94.6142578125,\n 29.439597566602902\n ],\n [\n -94.94384765625,\n 29.49698759653577\n ],\n [\n -95.25146484374999,\n 29.82158272057499\n ],\n [\n -95.5810546875,\n 30.56226095049944\n ],\n [\n -95.82275390625,\n 31.12819929911196\n ],\n [\n -96.0205078125,\n 31.240985378021307\n ],\n [\n -96.45996093749999,\n 31.541089879585808\n ],\n [\n -96.74560546875,\n 31.615965936476076\n ],\n [\n -96.8994140625,\n 31.70947636001935\n ],\n [\n -97.84423828125,\n 31.80289258670676\n ],\n [\n -98.4814453125,\n 32.008075959291055\n ],\n [\n -98.87695312499999,\n 32.13840869677249\n ],\n [\n -99.55810546875,\n 32.21280106801518\n ],\n [\n -100.32714843749999,\n 32.52828936482526\n ],\n [\n -101.00830078125,\n 32.7872745269555\n ],\n [\n -101.4697265625,\n 32.879587173066305\n ],\n [\n -102.10693359375,\n 33.33970700424026\n ],\n [\n -102.63427734374999,\n 33.779147331286474\n ],\n [\n -103.07373046875,\n 34.34343606848294\n ],\n [\n -103.07373046875,\n 36.527294814546245\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5fa992","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gandara, S. C.","contributorId":81116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gandara","given":"S. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":252325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McPherson, E. M.","contributorId":100068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McPherson","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":252327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gibbons, W.","contributorId":96764,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gibbons","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":252326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hinds, B.A.","contributorId":78011,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hinds","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":252324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Andrews, F.L.","contributorId":44944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrews","given":"F.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":252323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":17963,"text":"ofr9440 - 1994 - Water-quality data for the South Umpqua River Basin, Oregon, 1990-92","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-23T12:00:16","indexId":"ofr9440","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-40","title":"Water-quality data for the South Umpqua River Basin, Oregon, 1990-92","docAbstract":"Data are presented from a study of algal and nutrient dynamics in the South Umpqua River Basin in southwestern Oregon during summer, low-flow periods from September 1990 to October 1992. The study was done to assist local and state regulatory agencies in determining total maximum daily loads of nutrients for the basin in order to maintain dissolved oxygen greater than 90 percent of saturation and pH less than 8.5 units. Fifty-one sites, including South Umpqua River, tributaries, and wastewater-treatment plant effluents, were sampled during this period. The study included collection of 537 samples or measurements from surface-water sites, 315 samples of wastewater-treatment-plant effluents, 1,262 field measurements during intensive studies within individual reaches, daily mean flow data from 6 streamflow gaging stations, daily mean water-quality data from 2 fixed-station monitors recording hourly, and various biological data including bacteria, algae and macro invertebrates in the river. Also included are notes from field reconnaissance surveys and a compilation of quality-assurance data.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr9440","usgsCitation":"Anderson, C.W., Tanner, D.Q., and Lee, D.B., 1994, Water-quality data for the South Umpqua River Basin, Oregon, 1990-92: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-40, vi, 156 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9440.","productDescription":"vi, 156 p.","numberOfPages":"162","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":149185,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0040/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":47201,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0040/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e3e4b07f02db5e5730","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, Chauncey W. 0000-0002-1016-3781 chauncey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1016-3781","contributorId":139268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Chauncey","email":"chauncey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":178290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tanner, Dwight Q.","contributorId":93452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tanner","given":"Dwight","email":"","middleInitial":"Q.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lee, Douglas B.","contributorId":70748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":17961,"text":"ofr94397 - 1994 - Proceedings Abstracts: American Water Resources Association's Symposium on the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program--November 7-9, 1994, Chicago, Illinois","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-23T18:17:25","indexId":"ofr94397","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-397","title":"Proceedings Abstracts: American Water Resources Association's Symposium on the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program--November 7-9, 1994, Chicago, Illinois","docAbstract":"Approximately 418,000 pounds of triazine herbicides are applied annually to control weeds in crops grown in the Albemarle-Pamilico Sound drainage basin, located in North Carolina and Virginia. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect concentrations of total triazine herbicides in streams draining into Albemarle-Pamlico Sound. Water samples were collected in May and June during the application of triazine herbicides and in early September during low streamflows at approximately 40 sites on streams in the Coastal Plain and Piedmont Physiographic Provinces. Triazine concentrations exceeded 0.2 ?g/L (micrograms per liter) in 67 percent of the water samples collected In June, and 13 percent of the water samples exceeded 0.2 ?g/L in September during low streamflows. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for total triazine herbicides provides a low-cost and rapid analytical method for screening water samples prior to sending them to a laboratory and for semiquantitatively assessing seasonal concentrations of triazine herbicides in streams throughout a large region.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr94397","usgsCitation":"1994, Proceedings Abstracts: American Water Resources Association's Symposium on the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program--November 7-9, 1994, Chicago, Illinois: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-397, 21 p. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr94397.","productDescription":"21 p. ;28 cm.","startPage":"1","endPage":"21","numberOfPages":"27","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":151210,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0397/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":47199,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0397/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ee4b07f02db6608bf","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Sorenson, Stephen K.","contributorId":37766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sorenson","given":"Stephen K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":749552,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":55059,"text":"wdrVA931 - 1994 - Water resources data, Virginia, water year 1993; Volume 1: Surface-water discharge and surface-water quality records","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-30T18:37:04.749367","indexId":"wdrVA931","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"VA-93-1","title":"Water resources data, Virginia, water year 1993; Volume 1: Surface-water discharge and surface-water quality records","docAbstract":"The Water Resources Division of the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with State agencies, obtains a large amount of data pertaining to the water resources of Virginia each water year. These data, accumulated during many water years, constitute a valuable data base for developing an improved understanding of the water resources of the State. To make these data readily available to interested parties outside the Geological Survey, the data are published annually in this report series entitled \"Water Resources Data - Virginia.\"
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wdrVA931","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality and with other agencies","usgsCitation":"Prugh, B., Herman, P., and Belval, D.L., 1994, Water resources data, Virginia, water year 1993; Volume 1: Surface-water discharge and surface-water quality records: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report VA-93-1, xx, 554 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrVA931.","productDescription":"xx, 554 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":411236,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1993/va-93-1/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":174573,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1993/va-93-1/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5fa807","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Prugh, Byron J. Jr.","contributorId":61846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prugh","given":"Byron J.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":252503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Herman, P.E.","contributorId":73671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herman","given":"P.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":252502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Belval, Donna L.","contributorId":66736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belval","given":"Donna","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":252501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":26310,"text":"wri924166 - 1994 - Ground-water resources of Okeechobee County, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:17","indexId":"wri924166","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"92-4166","title":"Ground-water resources of Okeechobee County, Florida","docAbstract":"Rapid population growth in Okeechobee County, Florida will increase future demand for potable water. Much of the ground water within the county is vulnerable to saltwater upconing or recharge water of poor-quality from the land surface. The surficial aquifer system within the county is a major source of domestic and public water supply. This system consists of sand, silt, and shell and has a maximum thickness of about 250 feet. Water in the surficial aquifer system is generally potable except in areas where brackish water has intruded from wells tapping the Floridan aquifer system. The Floridan aquifer system is a sequence of limestone and dolomite that is about 2,500 feet thick. Water in the Floridan aquifer system ranges from marginally potable to brackish. Use of this aquifer system for public water supply is limited because the potable water is not located near population centers. The Floridan aquifer system is used extensively for agricultural irrigation.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nU.S. Geological Survey, Earth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section, [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri924166","usgsCitation":"Bradner, L.A., 1994, Ground-water resources of Okeechobee County, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 92-4166, v, 41 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri924166.","productDescription":"v, 41 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":121650,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1992/4166/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55107,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1992/4166/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65d5e8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradner, L. A.","contributorId":21925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradner","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":46974,"text":"ofr88631 - 1994 - Geologic map of the Brockway NE Quadrangle, McCone County, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:42","indexId":"ofr88631","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-631","title":"Geologic map of the Brockway NE Quadrangle, McCone County, Montana","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr88631","usgsCitation":"Colton, R.B., McGraw, J.P., and Durst, S., 1994, Geologic map of the Brockway NE Quadrangle, McCone County, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 88-631, 1 map :photocopy ;58 x 40 cm., on sheet 77 x 61 cm., folded to 24 x 19 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr88631.","productDescription":"1 map :photocopy ;58 x 40 cm., on sheet 77 x 61 cm., folded to 24 x 19 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":108771,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_17514.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"17514"},{"id":170640,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":83883,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0631/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b0be4b07f02db69d91e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Colton, Roger B.","contributorId":17967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colton","given":"Roger","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":234418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGraw, J. P.","contributorId":68283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGraw","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":234419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Durst, S.L.","contributorId":6788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Durst","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":234417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":17954,"text":"ofr94214B - 1994 - The Northridge, California earthquake of January 1994 a computer animation and paper model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:28","indexId":"ofr94214B","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-214","chapter":"B","title":"The Northridge, California earthquake of January 1994 a computer animation and paper model","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr94214B","usgsCitation":"Alpha, T.R., and Stein, R., 1994, The Northridge, California earthquake of January 1994 a computer animation and paper model: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-214, 1 computer disk ;3 1/2 in., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr94214B.","productDescription":"1 computer disk ;3 1/2 in.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":151828,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67aef8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alpha, T. R.","contributorId":20715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alpha","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stein, R.S.","contributorId":8875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stein","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":38403,"text":"pp1470 - 1994 - Gradation processes and channel evolution in modified West Tennessee streams; process, response, and form","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:39","indexId":"pp1470","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1470","title":"Gradation processes and channel evolution in modified West Tennessee streams; process, response, and form","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/pp1470","usgsCitation":"Simon, A., 1994, Gradation processes and channel evolution in modified West Tennessee streams; process, response, and form: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1470, 84 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1470.","productDescription":"84 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":119818,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1470/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":64774,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1470/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abde4b07f02db673f8b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Simon, Andrew","contributorId":78334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simon","given":"Andrew","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70016976,"text":"70016976 - 1994 - Raman spectroscopy of garnet-group minerals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-14T10:02:25","indexId":"70016976","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1233,"text":"Chinese Journal of Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Raman spectroscopy of garnet-group minerals","docAbstract":"The Raman spectra of the natural end members of the garnet-group minerals, which include pyrope, almandine and spessarite of Fe-Al garnet series and grossularite, andradite and uvarovite of Ca-Fe garnet series, have been studied. Measured Raman spectra of these minerals are reasonably and qualitatively assigned to the internal modes, translational and rotatory modes of SiO4 tetrahedra, as well as the translational motion of bivalent cations in the X site. The stretch and rotatory Alg modes for the Fe-Al garnet series show obvious Raman shifts as compared with those for the Ca-Fe garnet series, owing to the cations residing in the X site connected with SiO4 tetrahedra by sharing the two edges. The Raman shifts of all members within either of the series are attributed mainly to the properties of cations in the X site for the Fe-Al garnet series and in the Y site for the Ca-Fe garnet series.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF02838517","issn":"10009426","usgsCitation":"Mingsheng, P., Mao, H., Dien, L., and Chao, E.C., 1994, Raman spectroscopy of garnet-group minerals: Chinese Journal of Geochemistry, v. 13, no. 2, p. 176-183, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02838517.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"176","endPage":"183","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224764,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":205542,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02838517"}],"volume":"13","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9486e4b0c8380cd81471","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mingsheng, P.","contributorId":55159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mingsheng","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mao, Ho-kwang","contributorId":24927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mao","given":"Ho-kwang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dien, L.","contributorId":90474,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dien","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chao, E. C. T.","contributorId":96713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chao","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"C. T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70017033,"text":"70017033 - 1994 - Sediments in Arctic sea ice: Implications for entrainment, transport and release","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-09-18T11:11:21.085354","indexId":"70017033","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sediments in Arctic sea ice: Implications for entrainment, transport and release","docAbstract":"Despite the Arctic sea ice cover's recognized sensitivity to environmental change, the role of sediment inclusions in lowering ice albedo and affecting ice ablation is poorly understood. Sea ice sediment inclusions were studied in the central Arctic Ocean during the Arctic 91 expedition and in the Laptev Sea (East Siberian Arctic Region Expedition 1992). Results from these investigations are here combined with previous studies performed in major areas of ice ablation and the southern central Arctic Ocean. This study documents the regional distribution and composition of particle-laden ice, investigates and evaluates processes by which sediment is incorporated into the ice cover, and identifies transport paths and probable depositional centers for the released sediment.
In April 1992, sea ice in the Laptev Sea was relatively clean. The sediment occasionally observed was distributed diffusely over the entire ice column, forming turbid ice. Observations indicate that frazil and anchor ice formation occurring in a large coastal polynya provide a main mechanism for sediment entrainment. In the central Arctic Ocean sediments are concentrated in layers within or at the surface of ice floes due to melting and refreezing processes. The surface sediment accumulation in central Arctic multi-year sea ice exceeds by far the amounts observed in first-year ice from the Laptev Sea in April 1992.
Sea ice sediments are generally fine grained, although coarse sediments and stones up to 5 cm in diameter are observed. Component analysis indicates that quartz and clay minerals are the main terrigenous sediment particles. The biogenous components, namely shells of pelecypods and benthic foraminiferal tests, point to a shallow, benthic, marine source area. Apparently, sediment inclusions were resuspended from shelf areas before and incorporated into the sea ice by suspension freezing.
Clay mineralogy of ice-rafted sediments provides information on potential source areas. A smectite maximum in sea ice sediment samples repeatedly occurred between 81°N and 83°N along the Arctic 91 transect, indicating a rather stable and narrow smectite rich ice drift stream of the Transpolar Drift. The smectite concentrations are comparable to those found in both Laptev Sea shelf sediments and anchor ice sediments, pointing to this sea as a potential source area for sea ice sediments.
In the central Arctic Ocean sea ice clay mineralogy is significantly different from deep-sea clay mineral distribution patterns. The contribution of sea ice sediments to the deep sea is apparently diluted by sedimentary material provided by other transport mechanisms.
An approximation is presented to rectify situations occurring as part of the three-dimensional simulation of surficial aquifer flows in which surface grid cells become dry (zero saturated thickness) and then cannot readily receive flows that would again partially saturate them. The approximation permits the cells to be rewetted by adjusting dry cell pressures by the same amount as the pressure change computed for the uppermost nondry cells in the vertical column. This is continued in successive timesteps until the dry cells once again become partially or fully saturated.
The rewetting procedure was tested in a recent transient simulation of flows in the surficial Biscayne aquifer of Dade County, Florida, which is partly covered by seasonally inundated wetlands. The uppermost layer of the model (layer 1) was used to represent overland sheetflow and grid cells of high equivalent hydraulic conductivity in this layer became dry and were rewetted seasonally, requiring a relatively robust representation of rewetting. The rewetting procedure made possible a simulation of overland sheetflow stages and aquifer water-table altitudes between 1945 and 1989 that was generally correct to within about 1 foot in inundated and noninundated regions.
In a 6-year time period (1962–67) in which the behavior of the rewetting procedure was studied in detail, there were 4,723 simulated cell rewettings, of which 3,172 were in the overland sheetflow layer and 1,551 were in the uppermost aquifer layer (layer 2). The average head adjustment in a cell rewetting was 0.10 foot in layer 1 and 0.15 foot in layer 2. This study demonstrates an empirical approach to the problem of cell rewetting that might prove useful in other models of flow in surficial aquifers.
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr94432","usgsCitation":"Nakata, J.S., Tomori, A., Tokuuke, J., Tanigawa, W.R., Okubo, P.G., Heliker, C., Mangan, M.T., Mattox, T.N., and Kauahikaua, J.P., 1994, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory summary 91. Part 1, Seismic data, January to December 1991: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-432, 72 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr94432.","productDescription":"72 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":391356,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_12531.htm"},{"id":46364,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0432/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":149378,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0432/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -156.067,\n 18.96\n ],\n [\n -155.808,\n 18.96\n ],\n [\n -155.808,\n 20.278\n ],\n [\n -156.067,\n 20.278\n ],\n [\n -156.067,\n 18.96\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6de4b07f02db63f10e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nakata, J. S.","contributorId":23940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nakata","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":175445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tomori, A. H.","contributorId":24780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tomori","given":"A. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":175446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tokuuke, J. P.","contributorId":83546,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tokuuke","given":"J. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":175450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tanigawa, W. R.","contributorId":12849,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tanigawa","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":175444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Okubo, P. G. 0000-0002-0381-6051","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0381-6051","contributorId":95899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Okubo","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":175451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Heliker, C. C.","contributorId":70753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heliker","given":"C. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":175449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Mangan, M. T.","contributorId":10438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mangan","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":175443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Mattox, T. N.","contributorId":55450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mattox","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":175447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Kauahikaua, J. P.","contributorId":69992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kauahikaua","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":175448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70017905,"text":"70017905 - 1994 - Geodetic slip rate for the eastern California shear zone and the recurrence time of Mojave desert earthquakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:21","indexId":"70017905","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geodetic slip rate for the eastern California shear zone and the recurrence time of Mojave desert earthquakes","docAbstract":"Where the San Andreas fault passes along the southwestern margin of the Mojave desert, it exhibits a large change in trend, and the deformation associated with the Pacific/North American plate boundary is distributed broadly over a complex shear zone. The importance of understanding the partitioning of strain across this region, especially to the east of the Mojave segment of the San Andreas in a region known as the eastern California shear zone (ECSZ), was highlighted by the occurrence (on 28 June 1992) of the magnitude 7.3 Landers earthquake in this zone. Here we use geodetic observations in the central Mojave desert to obtain new estimates for the rate and distribution of strain across a segment of the ECSZ, and to determine a coseismic strain drop of ~770 ??rad for the Landers earthquake. From these results we infer a strain energy recharge time of 3,500-5,000 yr for a Landers-type earthquake and a slip rate of ~12 mm yr-1 across the faults of the central Mojave. The latter estimate implies that a greater fraction of plate motion than heretofore inferred from geodetic data is accommodated across the ECSZ.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nature","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1038/367264a0","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"Sauber, J., Thatcher, W., Solomon, S., and Lisowski, M., 1994, Geodetic slip rate for the eastern California shear zone and the recurrence time of Mojave desert earthquakes: Nature, v. 367, no. 6460, p. 264-266, https://doi.org/10.1038/367264a0.","startPage":"264","endPage":"266","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":206106,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/367264a0"},{"id":228355,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"367","issue":"6460","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a173ee4b0c8380cd55447","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sauber, J.","contributorId":31540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauber","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thatcher, W.","contributorId":32669,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thatcher","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Solomon, S.C.","contributorId":39960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Solomon","given":"S.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lisowski, M.","contributorId":70381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lisowski","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":46918,"text":"ofr88632 - 1994 - Geologic map of the Berry School Quadrangle, McCone and Prairie counties, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:39","indexId":"ofr88632","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-632","title":"Geologic map of the Berry School Quadrangle, McCone and Prairie counties, Montana","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr88632","usgsCitation":"Colton, R.B., McGraw, J.P., and Bozeman, D.K., 1994, Geologic map of the Berry School Quadrangle, McCone and Prairie counties, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 88-632, 1 map :photocopy ;58 x 40 cm., on sheet 77 x 61 cm., folded to 24 x 19 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr88632.","productDescription":"1 map :photocopy ;58 x 40 cm., on sheet 77 x 61 cm., folded to 24 x 19 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":108772,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_17515.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"17515"},{"id":173637,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":83841,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0632/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b0de4b07f02db69f462","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Colton, Roger B.","contributorId":17967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colton","given":"Roger","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":234329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGraw, J. P.","contributorId":68283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGraw","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":234331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bozeman, D. 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This report contains discharge records for 148 streamflowgaging stations; stage only records for 2 river-gaging stations and 7 lake-gaging stations; stage and contents for 4 lakes and reservoirs; water-quality records for 19 streamflow-gaging stations; water-level records for 43 ground-water wells. Also included are 33 crest-stage partial-record stations and 2 low-flow partial-record stations. Additional water data were collected at various sites not involved in the systematic data-collection program. Miscellaneous data were collected at 44 measuring sites. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System collected by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State, local, and Federal agencies in Michigan.
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Quantifying these effects is important for understanding the tragic concentrations of damage in such areas as Santa Cruz and the Marina and Embarcadero Districts of San Francisco, and the failures of the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge and the Interstate Highway 880 overpass. Most importantly, understanding these effects is a necessary prerequisite for improving mitigation measures for larger earthquakes likely to occur much closer to densely urbanized areas in the San Francisco Bay region. The earthquake generated an especially important data set for understanding variations in the severity of strong ground motion. Instrumental strong-motion recordings were obtained at 131 sites located from about 6 to 175 km from the rupture zone. This set of recordings, the largest yet collected for an event of this size, was obtained from sites on various geologic deposits, including a unique set on 'soft soil' deposits (artificial fill and bay mud). These exceptional ground-motion data are used by the authors of the papers in this chapter to infer radiation characteristics of the earthquake source, identify dominant propagation characteristics of the Earth?s crust, quantify amplification characteristics of near-surface geologic deposits, develop general amplification factors for site-dependent building-code provisions, and revise earthquake-hazard assessments for the San Francisco Bay region. Interpretations of additional data recorded in well-instrumented buildings, dams, and freeway overpasses are provided in other chapters of this report.
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