A geophysical study in the North Park basin and surrounding mountains, Colorado illustrates the structural relationship of various sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous rock units. Bouguer anomalies from 1330 gravity stations range from −210 mgal over Precambrian metamorphic rocks in the mountains to −260 mgal in the Walden syncline and —280 mgal in the North Park syncline. Steep gradients delineate a fault which strikes west-northwest along the north flank of the North Park syncline. Two models fitted to the gravity data show 1 to 2 km relief on this steeply dipping fault. Density contrasts between Precambrian metamorphic and igneous rocks produce anomalies of as much as 25-mgal amplitudes in the Park and Medicine Bow Ranges.
A 30-km-long seismic refraction profile, parallel to the most negative Bouguer anomaly values in the North Park basin, shows velocities increasing from 2.5 to 3.4 km/sec within Tertiary rocks at depths ranging from 1.2 to 2.0 km. Mesozoic sedimentary rocks have a velocity of 4.0 to 4.5 km/sec, a very high velocity in view of the predominance of Upper Cretaceous rocks. Precambrian basement with a velocity of 6.25 km/sec underlies the profile at depths ranging from 3.5 to 4.5 km. Strong second arrivals across the profile, observed at distances of more than 14 km from the shotpoints and interpreted as SP reflections, verified the refraction model.
An aeromagnetic survey shows numerous anomalies ranging from 100 to 200γ in the Park and Rabbit Ears Ranges and in the Never Summer Mountains, to 400γ in the Front Range, and to 1200γ over the Medicine Bow Range. Positive anomalies in the Park, Medicine Bow, and Front ranges overlie metamorphic rocks. Magnetic and gravity data suggest that the Never Summer Mountains are separated from the Front Range by a north-trending, steeply east-dipping reverse fault, extending beneath the Front Range along the Colorado River valley. The magnetic data indicate that this fault may connect with a possible fault that is parallel to the Laramie River valley. In the Rabbit Ears Range, a series of magnetic anomalies show that igneous rocks are present in the eastern part of the range.
A northeast-trending positive magnetic anomaly, which is parallel to foliation trends reported in Precambrian rocks, extends from the Park Range across the North Park basin to the Medicine Bow Range. On the basis of this anomaly, the high seismic velocity of the Precambrian basement, and computed profiles fitted to the gravity and magnetic data, we infer that much of the basin is underlain by high-density metamorphic rock. As shown by gravity data, the deepest part of the basin is 2.7 km below sea level, resulting in a maximum relief of 6.7 km on the basement, relative to the Medicine Bow Range.
A 25-mgal negative gravity anomaly and a zone of negative magnetic anomalies outline a large granitic intrusion in the Park Range, which probably extends northeast beneath the North Park basin and connects with granitic rocks in the Medicine Bow Range.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1969)80[1523:AGSONP]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Behrendt, J.C., Popenoe, P., and Mattick, R.E., 1969, A geophysical study of North Park and the surrounding ranges, Colorado: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 80, no. 8, p. 1523-1537, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1969)80[1523:AGSONP]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1523","endPage":"1537","costCenters":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":389461,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Front Range, Medicine Bow Range, Never Summer Mountains, North Park basin, Rabbit Ears Range, Park Range","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.78573608398438,\n 40.225024210604964\n ],\n [\n -105.74615478515625,\n 40.225024210604964\n ],\n [\n -105.74615478515625,\n 40.99544751505735\n ],\n [\n -106.78573608398438,\n 40.99544751505735\n ],\n [\n -106.78573608398438,\n 40.225024210604964\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"80","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Behrendt, John C. jbehrendt@usgs.gov","contributorId":25945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Behrendt","given":"John","email":"jbehrendt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":213,"text":"Crustal Imaging and Characterization Team","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":823443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Popenoe, Peter","contributorId":52180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Popenoe","given":"Peter","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":823444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mattick, Robert E.","contributorId":50462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mattick","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":823445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70223872,"text":"70223872 - 1969 - Alkalic and tholeiitic basaltic volcanism related to the Rio Grande depression, southern Colorado and northern New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-10T19:20:05.938786","indexId":"70223872","displayToPublicDate":"1969-07-01T14:07:53","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Alkalic and tholeiitic basaltic volcanism related to the Rio Grande depression, southern Colorado and northern New Mexico","docAbstract":"Upper Cenozoic basaltic rocks in and near the northern Rio Grande depression, a major intracontinental tension-rift structure, vary systematically in petrology and chemistry with distance from the depression. Basalts and basaltic andesites of alkalic affinities, commonly showing evidence of crustal contamination, were erupted east and west of the depression concurrently with its formation, whereas little-contaminated tholeiitic basalts filled parts of the depression late in its history. Eruption of the contrasting basalt types was in part concurrent. The lateral change from alkalic to tholeiitic basaltic volcanism may reflect different conditions of magma generation in the mantle that are related to changes in crustal thickness and thermal gradient across the rift. Recent experimental studies suggest that the variations in magma composition may be due to differing depths of magma fractionation, the tholeiitic basalts originating at shallower depths than the alkalic basalts.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geologic Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1969)80[1343:AATBVR]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Lipman, P.W., 1969, Alkalic and tholeiitic basaltic volcanism related to the Rio Grande depression, southern Colorado and northern New Mexico: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 80, no. 7, p. 1343-1353, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1969)80[1343:AATBVR]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1343","endPage":"1353","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":389094,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Rio Grande depression","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.4794921875,\n 39.223742741391305\n ],\n [\n -106.50146484374999,\n 37.483576550426996\n ],\n [\n -106.0784912109375,\n 36.99377838872517\n ],\n [\n -106.9573974609375,\n 35.9157474194997\n ],\n [\n -107.4517822265625,\n 34.29353023058858\n ],\n [\n -107.57812499999999,\n 31.89621446335144\n ],\n [\n -105.7159423828125,\n 32.22674287041067\n ],\n [\n -105.9576416015625,\n 35.55904339525896\n ],\n [\n -105.018310546875,\n 37.19095471582605\n ],\n [\n -105.5181884765625,\n 39.36827914916014\n ],\n [\n -106.4794921875,\n 39.223742741391305\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"80","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lipman, Peter W. 0000-0001-9175-6118 plipman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9175-6118","contributorId":3486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lipman","given":"Peter","email":"plipman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":823049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70223777,"text":"70223777 - 1969 - Newly discovered bedded barite deposits in East Northumberland Canyon, Nye County, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-07T17:07:21.363245","indexId":"70223777","displayToPublicDate":"1969-05-01T11:50:58","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Newly discovered bedded barite deposits in East Northumberland Canyon, Nye County, Nevada","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.64.3.245","usgsCitation":"Shawe, D., Poole, F.G., and Brobst, D., 1969, Newly discovered bedded barite deposits in East Northumberland Canyon, Nye County, Nevada: Economic Geology, v. 64, no. 3, p. 245-254, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.64.3.245.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"245","endPage":"254","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":388890,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Nye County","otherGeospatial":"East Northumberland Canyon, Toquima Ridge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.0208740234375,\n 38.688725613296725\n ],\n [\n -116.68441772460936,\n 38.688725613296725\n ],\n [\n -116.68441772460936,\n 39.13432124527173\n ],\n [\n -117.0208740234375,\n 39.13432124527173\n ],\n [\n -117.0208740234375,\n 38.688725613296725\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"64","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1969-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shawe, D. R.","contributorId":48819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shawe","given":"D. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":822637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Poole, F. G.","contributorId":116758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poole","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":822638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brobst, D.A.","contributorId":103688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brobst","given":"D.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":822639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70225066,"text":"70225066 - 1969 - Lower Llandovery of the northern Appalachians and adjacent regions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-13T17:03:50.826637","indexId":"70225066","displayToPublicDate":"1969-03-01T11:47:37","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lower Llandovery of the northern Appalachians and adjacent regions","docAbstract":"Rocks of clearly dated early Llandovery age, as well as rocks that can logically be classed as early Llandovery from their regional relationships, appear to be more widespread than recognized, heretofore, in the northern Appalachians and adjacent regions. Their areal distribution and lithology permit a generalized reconstruction of the paleogeography, which consisted, in general, of three source areas alternating from east to west with three belts of clastic sedimentation. The westernmost clastic belt grades laterally westward into the carbonate rocks of the North American platform. The Central Clastic Belt encloses a belt containing impure carbonates with clastic detritus and clastic interbeds, and, locally, relatively clean carbonate deposits.
Llandovery age rocks of the platform include the Manitoulin Dolomite and the Ellis Bay Formation. In the deposits to the east, coeval rocks occur, in part or in whole, within the limy and clastic deposits of the Carys Mills Formation and the Matapedia Group, as well as in the following clastic rock formations: Grimsby, Shawangunk, Tuscarora, Massanutten, Clinch, Smyrna Mills, Perham, Cabano, Weir, Beechhill Cove, Ross Brook, and White Rock.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1969)80[459:LLOTNA]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Ayrton, W.G., Berry, W.B., Boucot, A.J., Lajoie, J., Lesperance, P.J., Pavlides, L., and Skidmore, W.B., 1969, Lower Llandovery of the northern Appalachians and adjacent regions: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 80, no. 3, p. 459-483, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1969)80[459:LLOTNA]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"459","endPage":"483","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":390473,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Maine, New Brunswick, Quebec","city":"Cabano, Lac des Baies, Lac Prime, Squateck","otherGeospatial":"Appalachian Mountains, Clemville Formation, Gaspé Peninsula, Weir Formation","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.07080078125,\n 41.19518982948959\n ],\n [\n -69.71923828125,\n 41.934976500546604\n ],\n [\n -70.24658203125,\n 42.66628070564928\n ],\n [\n -70.0048828125,\n 43.34116005412307\n ],\n [\n -67.25830078125,\n 44.4808302785626\n ],\n [\n -65.85205078125,\n 43.229195113965005\n ],\n [\n -63.03955078125,\n 44.449467536006935\n ],\n [\n -59.4140625,\n 45.920587344733654\n ],\n [\n -61.19384765625,\n 49.25346477497736\n ],\n [\n -63.4130859375,\n 50.162824333817284\n ],\n [\n -64.66552734375,\n 50.035973672195496\n ],\n [\n -64.70947265625,\n 49.653404588437894\n ],\n [\n -84.22119140625,\n 47.08508535995386\n ],\n [\n -84.9462890625,\n 45.82879925192134\n ],\n [\n -83.64990234375,\n 41.27780646738183\n ],\n [\n -70.07080078125,\n 41.19518982948959\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"80","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ayrton, William G.","contributorId":267533,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ayrton","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":825150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Berry, William B. N.","contributorId":76372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berry","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"B. N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":825151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boucot, Arthur J.","contributorId":267534,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boucot","given":"Arthur","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":825152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lajoie, Jean","contributorId":267535,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lajoie","given":"Jean","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":825153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lesperance, Pierre J.","contributorId":267536,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lesperance","given":"Pierre","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":825154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Pavlides, Louis","contributorId":79444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pavlides","given":"Louis","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":825155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Skidmore, W. Brian","contributorId":267537,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Skidmore","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Brian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":825156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70225578,"text":"70225578 - 1969 - History of the Redwall Limestone of northern Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-21T18:01:35.023539","indexId":"70225578","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T14:27:35","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"title":"History of the Redwall Limestone of northern Arizona","docAbstract":"Throughout most of northern Arizona the Redwall Limestone of Mississippian age is readily divisible into four lithologic units, designated in ascending order as the Whitmore Wash, Thunder Springs, Mooney Falls, and Horseshoe Mesa Members. The first and third members are thick-bedded to massive carbonate rock. The Horseshoe Mesa Member is relatively thin-bedded limestone, and the Thunder Springs Member is distinctive because it consists of chert beds alternating with thin beds of carbonate rock.
Trends in thickness of the various members indicate that the sediment that formed the Redwall was deposited on an even, gently sloping shelf that extended westward from the Defiance positive element, a low landmass located near the present eastern border of northern Arizona. The Peach Springs and Payson ridges projected west and southwest, respectively, from the positive element. These ridges, which were partly submerged and partly above sea level during Mississippian time, are indicated by the patterns of isopach lines and, in part, by the distribution of faunas. The ridges divided the Arizona section of the shelf into three segments: the northern-most, which slopes northwest toward the Cordilleran geosyncline, and the other two, which slope toward the south and southwest.
Two transgressions and two regressions of the western and southern seaways are believed to be represented by the Redwall. The first transgression, which is recorded by thick beds of clastic sediment of the Whitmore Wash Member, was less extensive than the second, which is recorded by massive beds of the Mooney Falls Member, for on the western margins of the Defiance positive element the Mooney Falls Member overlaps the two lower members. Furthermore, south of Grand Canyon the Whitmore Wash and Thunder Springs Members lap against the Payson ridge without covering it, whereas the Mooney Falls Member, although relatively thin, extends across it. Regression is believed to be represented by thin beds of the Thunder Springs and Horseshoe Mesa Members, which are interpreted to be the result of low base level caused by silting up with clastic material and consequent retreat of the sea.
Cycles in sedimentation are well developed in some parts of the Redwall, especially in the upper two members in which differences in grain size represent five major cycles recognized throughout the extent of the Grand Canyon. These textural differences, ranging from aphanitic to coarse grained, are considered to be not measures of the amount of transportation, as with terrigenous sediments, but reflections of the degree of turbulence or the lack of turbulence during deposition.
They are interpreted as indicators of cyclic fluctuations in environment, probably related to changes in wave base.
Several clearly defined facies within the Redwall indicate environments of deposition. The clastic limestone that forms a major part of the formation, especially in the offshore areas to the west and south, is believed to represent normal marine conditions where circulation was good and turbulence moderate to strong. Uniform finely crystalline dolomite probably developed through early diagenetic processes on the sea floor. On the basis of its distribution pattern the dolomite seems to have formed under shoal conditions, especially where it borders the shore of the Defiance positive element and along Peach Springs ridge. Oölitic limestone at the top of both major transgressive units is interpreted as reflecting the oscillatory conditions of sea level that provided wave and current agitation at times of maximum sea advance in shoal areas bordering the ridges. Aphanitic limestone, representing accumulations of lime mud, seems to be developed best in the uppermost, or Horseshoe Mesa, member, where, as the seas regressed, nearshore waters may have been isolated and certainly were very calm.
Original textures and some structures are preserved in most limestones of the Redwall, and they give much evidence concerning oceanographic factors of the time. Generalizations have been developed concerning the character of the bottom, degrees of energy represented, depth, salinity, and other factors for various parts of the formation. Although these factors differed greatly with time and space, the general conclusions reached are that (1) depths were very shallow to moderate, (2) the sea floor was composed nearly entirely of lime mud and lime sand, which contained no terrigeneous material but with great crinoidal accumulations locally, (3) turbulence ranged from considerable to none, and (4) the sea was clear and warm and nowhere contained saline concentrations sufficient to form evaporites.
Chert forming thin irregular beds, locally lenticular and nodular, occurs at two prinicpal positions in the stratigraphic section, and in each it alternates with thin beds of carbonate rock. Chert is prominent throughout the Thunder Springs Member and forms thin but definite zones near the top of the Mooney Falls Member. This chert is believed to have formed on the sea floor during early diagenesis, as evidenced by petrography, paleogeography, and faunal relations. Regional differences in the abundance and type of associated fossils, recorded on a series of 4-foot-square sample plots made throughout the Grand Canyon, suggest a probable relation between fossil distribution and genesis of the chert.
The fauna of the Redwall is abundant and varied, but preservation in many places is poor, and numerous specimens can be collected only locally. The most common fossils are brachiopods, corals, foraminifers, and crinoids, but blastoids, gastropods, cephalopods, and pelecypods are not rare. Bryozoans are abundant in the chert of the Thunder Springs Member but uncommon elsewhere. Other organisms locally distributed but not common are algae, trilobites, fish, holothurians, and ostracodes. These groups have been studied by specialists and are the subject of Chapters V through XIII.
Certain of the faunal groups, notably the corals and foraminifers, show some degree of vertical zoning and so have furnished important data on age and correlation. Among the corals, the zones of Dorlodotia inconstans and Michelinia expansa are especially significant because of their persistence from section to section across broad areas. The foraminiferal zones are broader and less sharply defined, but they represent a series of major changes in species from bottom to top of the formation.
Age determination made on the basis of foraminifers and brachiopods indicate that the base of the Redwall is progressively younger as it passes from areas that were offshore eastward or northward toward the Defiance positive element; the top of the Redwall, in contrast, is shown to be progressively younger away from the positive element. Thus basal beds of Kinderhook age are recognized at Grand Wash, Quartermaster, and Meriwitica Canyons to the northwest, but the lowest strata are of Osage age at Bridge Canyon, Grandview, and other sections closer to the landmass. Likewise, units with fossils of middle Meramec age occur in western Grand Canyon, but, except in the one place discussed in the following paragraph, topmost beds farther east in Grand Canyon are of Osage age. South of Grand Canyon the youngest member of the Redwall (Horseshoe Mesa) has been removed by pre-Supai Formation erosion.
Rocks still younger than the Horseshoe Mesa once may have covered the entire region, possibly representing a third sequence of transgression and regression. At Bright Angel trail in eastern Grand Canyon, for example, a unique unit at the top of the Redwall section contains fossils of Chester age and apparently represents a remnant of Late Mississippian rocks that survived as an inlier there.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/MEM114","usgsCitation":"McKee, E.D., and Gutschick, R.C., 1969, History of the Redwall Limestone of northern Arizona, v. 114, 700 p., https://doi.org/10.1130/MEM114.","productDescription":"700 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":480312,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/mem114","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":390903,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.488525390625,\n 34.07996230865873\n ],\n [\n -109.00634765625,\n 34.07086232376631\n ],\n [\n -109.00634765625,\n 37.02886944696474\n ],\n [\n -114.08203125,\n 37.020098201368114\n ],\n [\n -114.10400390625,\n 36.32397712011264\n ],\n [\n -114.2138671875,\n 36.06686213257888\n ],\n [\n -114.3896484375,\n 36.24427318493909\n ],\n [\n -114.774169921875,\n 36.10237644873644\n ],\n [\n -114.7412109375,\n 35.567980458012094\n ],\n [\n -114.7412109375,\n 35.40696093270201\n ],\n [\n -114.63134765625001,\n 35.200744801724014\n ],\n [\n -114.7412109375,\n 35.110921809704756\n ],\n [\n -114.7412109375,\n 34.813803317113155\n ],\n [\n -114.488525390625,\n 34.542762387234845\n ],\n [\n -114.466552734375,\n 34.415973384481866\n ],\n [\n -114.202880859375,\n 34.279914398549934\n ],\n [\n -114.488525390625,\n 34.07996230865873\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"114","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKee, Edwin D.","contributorId":60207,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKee","given":"Edwin","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":825662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gutschick, Raymond C.","contributorId":12054,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gutschick","given":"Raymond","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":825663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70231226,"text":"70231226 - 1969 - Geology of the Valley and Ridge Province between Delaware Water Gap and Lehigh Gap, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-03T16:22:58.747918","indexId":"70231226","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T11:17:53","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Geology of the Valley and Ridge Province between Delaware Water Gap and Lehigh Gap, Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geology of selected areas in New Jersey and eastern Pennsylvania and guidebook of excursions","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Rutgers University Press","usgsCitation":"Epstein, J.B., and Epstein, A.G., 1969, Geology of the Valley and Ridge Province between Delaware Water Gap and Lehigh Gap, Pennsylvania, in Geology of selected areas in New Jersey and eastern Pennsylvania and guidebook of excursions, p. 132-205.","productDescription":"74 p.","startPage":"132","endPage":"205","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":400066,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","otherGeospatial":"Valley and Ridge Province","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.77432250976562,\n 41.28606238749825\n ],\n [\n -74.87045288085938,\n 41.31185540579858\n ],\n [\n -75.19729614257812,\n 40.94567638358319\n ],\n [\n -75.091552734375,\n 40.91558813293605\n ],\n [\n -74.77432250976562,\n 41.28606238749825\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Epstein, Jack B. jepstein@usgs.gov","contributorId":1412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Epstein","given":"Jack","email":"jepstein@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":842090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Epstein, Anita G.","contributorId":47360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Epstein","given":"Anita","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70224275,"text":"70224275 - 1969 - The Cloudy Pass epizonal batholith and associated subvolcanic rocks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-17T16:43:08.504409","indexId":"70224275","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T09:58:42","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5614,"text":"Special Papers of the Geological Society of America","printIssn":"0072-1077","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":24}},"title":"The Cloudy Pass epizonal batholith and associated subvolcanic rocks","docAbstract":"The Cloudy Pass batholith, one of several small epizonal Tertiary batholiths in the Northern Cascade Mountains, discordantly intrudes metamorphic rocks of pre-Late Cretaceous age. The batholith is remarkable for its chilled borders, associated porphyry plugs, and intrusive breccias. The main body of the batholith consists largely of labradorite granodiorite.
Part of the northeast side of the batholith is bordered by a complex more than half a mile thick of chilled rocks of Hart Lake that consists of separately injected, contrasting layers of porphyry. At lower levels these are an early, outer layer of dacite; a younger, inner layer of dacite and labradorite-by-townite andesite; and a middle, still younger layer of autobreccia compositionally similar to the inner layer. Contacts between layers are complex and consist at lower levels of intermixed zones, suggesting that at these levels the early rocks were still molten when injected by the later rocks. At higher levels the younger rocks split into separate dikes, and contacts between younger and older rocks are sharp, suggesting that at these levels the older rocks had solidified before they were intruded by the younger rocks. The border complex is thought to have been cooled largely by expanding gases which were released from the batholith and which escaped to the surface through this zone. The contact between the labradorite granodiorite and the inner layer is gradational locally, but in most places the granodiorite intrudes the inner layer, and the contact is sharp. Where the middle and inner layers of the complex are absent, the contact of granodiorite and dacite of the outer layer is gradational.
Porphyry plugs which puncture the adjacent metamorphic rocks, although more siliceous than the rocks of the complex, consist largely of dacite and are petrographically indistinguishable from dacite of the complex.
Intrusive breccias are of two types: one consists of rounded fragments of batholithic rocks in a “marble cake” mixture of calcic quartz diorite and white quartz monzonite and is confined to the core of the batholith; the other consists of fragments of batholithic rocks and gneiss in a matrix of varying proportions of igneous and finely comminuted materials and is confined to the porphyry plugs and gneiss. This second type seems to have been injected explosively, probably accompanying “second boiling” of the labradorite granodiorite.
Plagioclases range from high- to low-temperature varieties. The transitional and high-temperature plagioclases are confined to the deuterically least-altered parts of the chilled margins. The low-temperature plagioclase occurs in the batholithic core and the complex of Hart Lake, and is thought to have inverted from an original high-temperature form because of long-continued existence at elevated, although subsolidus, temperatures, or because of the action of volatile constituents, or both.
The batholith seems to have made room for itself by lifting its roof, and the complex of Hart Lake developed along the upfaulted eastern side.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The Cloudy Pass epizonal batholith and associated subvolcanic rocks","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/SPE116-p1","usgsCitation":"Cater, F., 1969, The Cloudy Pass epizonal batholith and associated subvolcanic rocks, chap. of The Cloudy Pass epizonal batholith and associated subvolcanic rocks: Special Papers of the Geological Society of America, v. 116, p. 1-52, https://doi.org/10.1130/SPE116-p1.","productDescription":"52 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"52","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":389392,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","county":"Chelan County, Snohomish County","otherGeospatial":"Cascade Mountains, Hart Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.234130859375,\n 47.68388118858139\n ],\n [\n -119.9981689453125,\n 47.68388118858139\n ],\n [\n -119.9981689453125,\n 48.3416461723746\n ],\n [\n -121.234130859375,\n 48.3416461723746\n ],\n [\n -121.234130859375,\n 47.68388118858139\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"116","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1969-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cater, Fred W.","contributorId":26295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cater","given":"Fred W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":823432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70226140,"text":"70226140 - 1969 - Structural geology of the Quad-Wyoming-Line Creeks area, Beartooth Mountains, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-12T16:14:23.628825","indexId":"70226140","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T09:54:23","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Structural geology of the Quad-Wyoming-Line Creeks area, Beartooth Mountains, Montana","docAbstract":"The Quad-Wyoming-Line Creeks area is in the northeastern part of the Beartooth Mountains of Montana. The rocks of the area consist mainly of banded migmatite, granitic gneisses, amphibolite, quartzite, and agmatite; small amounts of biotite schist and biotite gneiss, iron-silicate rocks, ultramafic rocks, mafic dikes, and felsic porphyries are also present. Quartzite outcrops continuously around the major folds, and agmatite is especially widespread in the axial zone of a major anti-form.
Two fold sets have been revealed by detailed mapping (scale 1:7200) and statistical analysis of the penetrative subfabric elements. The large later folds, F2, are the south-plunging Quad Creek synform and the south-southwest-plunging Wyoming Creek antiform; they are nearly upright and non-isoclinal. A metanorite intrusion is located in the axial zone of the Quad Creek synform. Small F2 fold style varies from similar in relatively ductile rocks to open, concentric folds in non-ductile rocks. Only one large F1, located immediately north of the metanorite pluton, has been mapped. F1 folds are characteristically similar in style. Refolding of small F1 folds by small F2 folds has been observed throughout the map area.
Statistical analysis of the compositional layering, So, and the axial planes of small F1 folds, S1, shows that the πS0- and πS1-axes constructed in the Wyoming Creek antiform are nearly coincident with each other and with south-southwest-plunging maxima of small F2 fold axes, B2. Both B2 and the axial planes of F2 folds, S2, are dispersed, showing that the later folds are noncylindrical and nonplane. The axes of small F1 folds, B1, are generally dispersed along well defined π-girdles. B1 and B2 maxima are generally coincident at some stations in the Wyoming Creek antiform-axial zone, suggesting that B1 and B2 are, at least locally, collinear. The long axes of hornblende crystals, L1, are also dispersed, but are not parallel to B1; the L1-subfabric appears to indicate that L1 developed during the F1 folding but plunged somewhat more steeply to the south-southwest to south than Bi and that the F2 folds are concentric rather than similar in the amphibolite. In the Quad Creek synform (F2), all of the above-mentioned fabric elements diverge around the north side of the metanorite body.
The Precambrian deformational history of the present map area, and probably the remainder of the eastern Beartooth Mountains, appears to be comprised of two phases of folding. During the first phase (F1) south-southwest plunging, isoclinal or nearly isoclinal folds formed by passive flow during metamorphism to at least the upper amphibolite facies; these F, folds were not upright and may have been nearly recumbent. L1 was formed during this phase. Metamorphic differentiation of a sedimentary sequence occurred at this time, but it is not clear whether any new material was added.
The second phase of deformation is characterized by upright, non-isoclinal folds which also formed about south-southwest to south plunging axes. Flexural flow was the dominant mechanism in the development of the Quad Creek synform and the Wyoming Creek antiform, but passive flow was important in layers of ductile rocks. Granitization was generally synchronous with the F2 phase; pegmatite dikes were emplaced later in a passive manner. Quartzite and amphibolite acted as resisters to granitization; their termination in granitic gneisses and migmatites is usually most adequately explained by refolding rather than granitization of the quartzite. It is possible that partial melting occurred in some areas such as the agmatized zones.
Time of emplacement of the metanorite body is still questionable, but it clearly predates the F2 folding; intrusion prior to F1 is probable because B1, B2, and L1 diverge in the vicinity of the body.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Igneous and Metamorphic Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/MEM115-p1","usgsCitation":"Rowan, L.C., 1969, Structural geology of the Quad-Wyoming-Line Creeks area, Beartooth Mountains, Montana, chap. of Igneous and Metamorphic Geology, v. 115, p. 1-18, https://doi.org/10.1130/MEM115-p1.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"18","costCenters":[{"id":273,"text":"Flagstaff Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":391614,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Beartooth Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.91384887695311,\n 45.00656408733261\n ],\n [\n -109.20272827148438,\n 45.00656408733261\n ],\n [\n -109.19998168945312,\n 45.11520750294172\n ],\n [\n -109.26864624023436,\n 45.2004253589021\n ],\n [\n -109.34417724609375,\n 45.230414929592946\n ],\n [\n -109.46914672851562,\n 45.273920035433605\n ],\n [\n -109.60647583007812,\n 45.31256326358576\n ],\n [\n -109.67376708984375,\n 45.403271205260644\n ],\n [\n -109.63119506835938,\n 45.51693278828882\n ],\n [\n -109.78775024414062,\n 45.57752269483689\n ],\n [\n -110.07614135742188,\n 45.565986795411405\n ],\n [\n -110.23269653320312,\n 45.59770481736448\n ],\n [\n -110.3466796875,\n 45.628444574718564\n ],\n [\n -110.47027587890624,\n 45.65820764745017\n ],\n [\n -110.55679321289062,\n 45.59962654582256\n ],\n [\n -110.56777954101562,\n 45.508271755944975\n ],\n [\n -110.64193725585936,\n 45.383983820995105\n ],\n [\n -110.74905395507812,\n 45.321254361171476\n ],\n [\n -110.86029052734374,\n 45.29324494090279\n ],\n [\n -110.91384887695311,\n 45.00656408733261\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"115","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1969-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Larsen, Leonard H.","contributorId":265805,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Larsen","given":"Leonard","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":826622,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Prinz, Martin","contributorId":265806,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Prinz","given":"Martin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":826623,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Manson, Vincent","contributorId":265807,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Manson","given":"Vincent","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":826624,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Rowan, Lawrence C.","contributorId":58629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowan","given":"Lawrence","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":826621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":62133,"text":"gq800 - 1969 - Geologic map of the Paint Lick quadrangle, east-central Kentucky","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-23T20:43:19.544782","indexId":"gq800","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":316,"text":"Geologic Quadrangle","code":"GQ","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"800","title":"Geologic map of the Paint Lick quadrangle, east-central Kentucky","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/gq800","usgsCitation":"Weir, G.W., 1969, Geologic map of the Paint Lick quadrangle, east-central Kentucky: U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Quadrangle 800, Report: 1 p.; 1 Plate: 44.26 x 31.15 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/gq800.","productDescription":"Report: 1 p.; 1 Plate: 44.26 x 31.15 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":103516,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_2102.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"2102"},{"id":248326,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gq/0800/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":253220,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gq/0800/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"Kentucky","otherGeospatial":"Paint Lick quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -84.5,\n 37.5\n ],\n [\n -84.5,\n 37.625\n ],\n [\n -84.375,\n 37.625\n ],\n [\n -84.375,\n 37.5\n ],\n [\n -84.5,\n 37.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4af5e4b07f02db69251c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weir, Gordon Whitney","contributorId":59790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weir","given":"Gordon","email":"","middleInitial":"Whitney","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":266964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70011577,"text":"70011577 - 1969 - Geochemistry and hydrodynamics of the Paradox Basin region, Utah, Colorado and New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-29T17:57:37.181318","indexId":"70011577","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemistry and hydrodynamics of the Paradox Basin region, Utah, Colorado and New Mexico","docAbstract":"The Paradox Basin region is approximately bounded by the south flank of the Uinta Basin to the north, the Uncompahgre uplift and San Juan Mountains to the east, the Four Corners structural platform to the southeast, the north rim of the Black Mesa Basin and the Grand Canyon to the south and southwest, and the Wasatch Plateau and Hurricane fault system to the west. Some of these geologic features are areas of ground-water recharge or discharge whereas others such as the Four Corners platform do not directly influence fluid movement. The aquifer systems studied were: (1) Mississippian rocks; (2) Pinkerton Trail Limestone of Wengerd and Strickland, 1954; (3) Paradox Member of the Hermosa Formation; (4) Honaker Trail Formation of Wengerd and Matheny, 1958; (5) Permian rocks.
Recharge in the Paradox Basin occurs on the west flank of the San Juan Mountains and along the west side of the Uncompahgre uplift. The direction of ground-water movement in each analyzed unit is principally southwest-ward toward the topographically low outcrop areas along the Colorado River in Arizona. However, at any point in the basin, flow may be in some other direction owing to the influence of intrabasin recharge areas or local obstructions to flow, such as faults or dikes. A series of potentiometric surface maps was prepared for the five systems studied. Material used in construction of the maps included outcrop altitudes of springs and streams, drill-stem tests, water-well records, and an electric analog model of the entire basin. Many structurally and topographically high areas within the basin are above the regional potentiometric surface; recharge in these areas will drain rapidly off the high areas and adjust to the regional water level.
With a few exceptions, most wells in formations above the Pennsylvanian contain fresh (< 1,000 mg/l T.D.S.2) to moderately saline (< 10,000 mg/l T.D.S.) water. In only a few cases are true brines (> 35,000 mg/l T.D.S.) reported. Most water samples from strata below the Permian are brines of the sodium chloride type but with large amounts of calcium sulfate or calcium chloride type water commonly occurring. Because evaporite facies occur in the Paradox Member, this unit has brines with as much as 400,000 mg/l dissolved solids content.
Previous analysis of the San Juan Basin has indicated the presence of an osmotic membrane system. The highly permeable Jurassic formations were postulated to be the outflow side of the membrane. It is also possible that the Upper Paleozoic units with known brines and with an otherwise inexplicably high potentiometric surface in the Four Corners area of New Mexico could be the outflow receptors of the San Juan membrane system.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0009-2541(69)90050-3","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Hanshaw, B., and Hill, G., 1969, Geochemistry and hydrodynamics of the Paradox Basin region, Utah, Colorado and New Mexico: Chemical Geology, v. 4, no. 1-2, p. 263-294, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(69)90050-3.","productDescription":"32 p.","startPage":"263","endPage":"294","numberOfPages":"32","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221376,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, New Mexico, Utah","otherGeospatial":"Paradox Basin region","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.390625,\n 34.32529192442733\n ],\n [\n -105.40283203124999,\n 34.32529192442733\n ],\n [\n -105.40283203124999,\n 39.30029918615029\n ],\n [\n -110.390625,\n 39.30029918615029\n ],\n [\n -110.390625,\n 34.32529192442733\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a16d4e4b0c8380cd55295","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hanshaw, B.B.","contributorId":25928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanshaw","given":"B.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill, G.A.","contributorId":83666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"G.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70011576,"text":"70011576 - 1969 - Saline water in southeastern New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-29T17:59:16.005627","indexId":"70011576","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Saline water in southeastern New Mexico","docAbstract":"Saline waters from formations of several geologic ages are being studied in a seven-county area in southeastern New Mexico and western Texas, where more than 30,000 oil and gas tests have been drilled in the past 40 years. This area of 7,500 sq. miles, which is stratigraphically complex, includes the northern and eastern margins of the Delaware Basin between the Guadalupe and Glass Mountains.
Chloride-ion concentrations in water produced from rocks of various ages and depths have been mapped in Lea County, New Mexico, using machine map-plotting techniques and trend analyses. Anomalously low chloride concentrations (1,000–3,000 mg/l) were found along the western margin of the Central Basin platform in the San Andres and Capitan Limestone Formations of Permian age. These low chloride-ion concentrations may be due to preferential circulation of ground water through the more porous and permeable rocks.
Data being used in the study were obtained principally from oil companies and from related service companies. The P.B.W.D.S. (Permian Basin Well Data System) scout-record magnetic-tape file was used as a framework in all computer operations. Shallow or non-oil-field water analyses acquired from state, municipal, or federal agencies were added to these data utilizing P.B.W.D.S.-compatible reference numbers and decimal latitude-longitude coordinates. Approximately 20,000 water analyses collected from over 65 sources were coded, recorded on punch cards and stored on magnetic tape for computer operations. Extensive manual and computer error checks for duplication and accuracy were made to eliminate data errors resulting from poorly located or identified samples; non-representative or contaminated samples; mistakes in coding, reproducing or key-punching; laboratory errors; and inconsistent reporting. The original 20,000 analyses considered were reduced to 6,000 representative analyses which are being used in the saline water studies.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0009-2541(69)90054-0","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Hiss, W.L., Peterson, J., and Ramsey, T., 1969, Saline water in southeastern New Mexico: Chemical Geology, v. 4, no. 1-2, p. 341-360, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(69)90054-0.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"341","endPage":"360","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221375,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.45751953125,\n 31.765537409484374\n ],\n [\n -102.7001953125,\n 31.765537409484374\n ],\n [\n -102.7001953125,\n 33.247875947924385\n ],\n [\n -106.45751953125,\n 33.247875947924385\n ],\n [\n -106.45751953125,\n 31.765537409484374\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aafd5e4b0c8380cd877e0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hiss, W. L.","contributorId":15614,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hiss","given":"W.","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peterson, J.B.","contributorId":90389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ramsey, T.R.","contributorId":39125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramsey","given":"T.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70045464,"text":"70045464 - 1969 - Hydrology of the San Luis Valley, south-central Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-23T11:41:05","indexId":"70045464","displayToPublicDate":"1969-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1969","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":375,"text":"Open-File Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Hydrology of the San Luis Valley, south-central Colorado","docAbstract":"An investigation of the water resources of the Colorado part of the San Luis Valley was begun in 1966 by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Colorado Water Conservation Board. (See index map, fig. 1). The purpose of the investigation is to provide information for planning and implementing improved water-development and management practices. The major water problems in the San Luis Valley include (1) waterlogging, (2) waste of water by nonbeneficial evapotranspiration, (3) deterioration of ground-water chemical quality, and (4) failure of Colorado to deliver water to New Mexico and Texas in accordance with the Rio Grande Compact. This report describes the hydrologic environment, extent of water-resource development, and some of the problems related to that development. Information presented is based on data collected from 1966 to 1968 and on previous studies. Subsequent reports are planned as the investigation progresses. The San Luis Valley extends about 100 miles from Poncha Pass near the northeast corner of Saguache County, Colo., to a point about 16 miles south of the Colorado-New Mexico State line. The total area is 3,125 square miles, of which about 3,000 are in Colorado. The valley is nearly flat except for the San Luis Hills and a few other small areas. The Colorado part of the San Luis Valley, which is described in this report, has an average altitude of about 7,700 feet. Bounding the valley on the west are the San Juan Mountains and on the east the Sangre de Cristo Mountains. Most of the valley floor is bordered by alluvial fans deposited by streams originating in the mountains, the most extensive being the Rio Grande fan (see block diagram, fig. 2 in pocket). Most of the streamflow is derived from snowmelt from 4,700 square miles of watershed in the surrounding mountains. The northern half of the San Luis Valley is internally drained and is referred to as the closed basin. The lowest part of this area is known locally as the \"sump.\" The remainder of the valley is drained by the Rio Grande and its tributaries. The climate of the San Luis Valley is arid, and a successful agricultural economy would not be possible without irrigation. It is characterized by cold winters, moderate summers, and much sunshine. The average annual precipitation on the valley floor ranges from 7 to 10 inches. More than half the precipitation occurs from July to September. Moisture deficiency in the valley is shown by the graph comparing pan evaporation and precipitation {fig. 3}. For the years 1961-67 average pan evaporation for the period April through September was 52.25 inches, but average precipitation for the period was only 5.02 inches. Average annual precipitation was 7.8 inches. Owing to the short growing season (90-120 days), crops a.re restricted mainly to barley, oats, potatoes, and other vegetables.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Denver, CO","doi":"10.3133/70045464","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Colorado Water Conservation Board","usgsCitation":"Emery, P.A., Boettcher, A.J., Snipes, R., and Mcintyre, H., 1969, Hydrology of the San Luis Valley, south-central Colorado: Open-File Report, ii, 22 p.; 3 Plates: 23.79 x 27.78 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/70045464.","productDescription":"ii, 22 p.; 3 Plates: 23.79 x 27.78 inches or smaller","numberOfPages":"26","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"1966-01-01","temporalEnd":"1968-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271022,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70045464/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":272738,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70045464/report.pdf"},{"id":272739,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70045464/plate-2.pdf"},{"id":272740,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70045464/plate-4.pdf"},{"id":272741,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70045464/plate-7.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","county":"Alamosa;Conejos;Costilla;Custer;Huerfano;Rio Grande;Saguache","otherGeospatial":"San Luis Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -105.25,37.0 ], [ -105.25,38.5 ], [ -106.75,38.5 ], [ -106.75,37.0 ], [ -105.25,37.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"516fc466e4b05024ef3cd408","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Emery, P. A.","contributorId":49392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Emery","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boettcher, A. J.","contributorId":25965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boettcher","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Snipes, R.J.","contributorId":16813,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snipes","given":"R.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mcintyre, H.J. Jr.","contributorId":34027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mcintyre","given":"H.J.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70179726,"text":"70179726 - 1968 - Dissolved-mineral inflow to Great Salt Lake and chemical characteristics of the salt lake brine: Summary for water years 1960, 1961, and 1964","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-06T17:24:36","indexId":"70179726","displayToPublicDate":"2016-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5485,"text":"Utah Geological and Mineralogical Survey Water-Resources Bulletin","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"10","title":"Dissolved-mineral inflow to Great Salt Lake and chemical characteristics of the salt lake brine: Summary for water years 1960, 1961, and 1964","docAbstract":"The investigation of dissolved-mineral inflow to Great Salt Lake during the water years 1960, 1961, and 1964 was conducted during conditions of streamflow that were representative of the lowest and the average recorded during the water years 1934-64. The study conducted during the 1960 and 1961 water years was limited to defining surface-water inflow at sites close to the lakeshore, as well as at sites used in the 1960-6 study. From these comparative data, estimates of inflow at the lakeshore were made for the 1960 and 1961 water years. During the 1964 water year, when inflow to the lake was probably representative of the 31-year period, about 800,000 acre-feet of water containing 2,200,000 tons of dissolved solids entered the lake.
During the years of average streamflow, about 500,000 acre-feet of water which might be developed for culinary use, passes the lowest sampling sites on the Bear and Weber Rivers. Also, more than 90 percent of the flow near the mouths of the Bear, Weber, and Jordan Rivers would be suitable for irrigation.
Sources of inflow could be selected to provide a water supply for a fresh-water lake east of Antelope Island. The supply would range from 300,000 acre-feet of water containing 800 ppm (parts per million) of dissolved solids during periods of low streamflow to 1 million acre-feet containing 500 ppm during periods of average streamflow.
","language":"English","publisher":"Utah Geological and Mineralogical Survey","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake City, UT","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Utah Geological and Mineralogical Survey","usgsCitation":"Hahl, D.C., 1968, Dissolved-mineral inflow to Great Salt Lake and chemical characteristics of the salt lake brine: Summary for water years 1960, 1961, and 1964: Utah Geological and Mineralogical Survey Water-Resources Bulletin 10, 35 p.","productDescription":"35 p.","numberOfPages":"37","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333209,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":333207,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://ugspub.nr.utah.gov/publications/water_resources_bulletins/WRB-10.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Great Salt Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.35693359375,\n 40.48038142908172\n ],\n [\n -113.35693359375,\n 42.01665183556825\n ],\n [\n -111.566162109375,\n 42.01665183556825\n ],\n [\n -111.566162109375,\n 40.48038142908172\n ],\n [\n -113.35693359375,\n 40.48038142908172\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5879f5ade4b0847d353f44ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hahl, D. C.","contributorId":57436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hahl","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70046987,"text":"70046987 - 1968 - Ground-water resources in the vicinity of the Crown Point fish hatchery, Essex County, New York","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":52597,"text":"ofr67125 - 1968 - Ground-water resources in the vicinity of the Crown Point Fish Hatchery, Essex County, New York","indexId":"ofr67125","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"title":"Ground-water resources in the vicinity of the Crown Point Fish Hatchery, Essex County, New York"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70046987,"text":"70046987 - 1968 - Ground-water resources in the vicinity of the Crown Point fish hatchery, Essex County, New York","indexId":"70046987","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"title":"Ground-water resources in the vicinity of the Crown Point fish hatchery, Essex County, New York"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-13T18:23:35","indexId":"70046987","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T14:51:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5495,"text":"New York State Department of Environmental Conservation Report of Investigations","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"RI-2","title":"Ground-water resources in the vicinity of the Crown Point fish hatchery, Essex County, New York","docAbstract":"The Crown Point Fish Hatchery, one of several hatcheries operated by the New York State Conservation Department, is located in Crown Point Center, Essex County, on the eastern edge of the Adirondack Highlands and about 2 miles west of lake Champlain. Figure 1 is a location map of the vicinity of the Hatchery. This report summarizes an investigation by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the New York State Conservation Department, Division of Water Resources, to locate and evaluate sources of additional ground-water supply for the Hatchery. In order to expand the facilities at the Hatchery, an additional water supply of about 100 gpm (gallons per minute) to as much as 350 gpm is needed. In addition, the type of fish culture practiced requires a water temperature of about 7 to 13 degrees Celsius (centigrade) for optimum results.","language":"English","publisher":"New York Water Resources Commission","collaboration":"Prepared by the United States Department of the Interior, Geological Survey in cooperation with New York State Conservation Department, State of New York Conservation Department Water Resources Commission","usgsCitation":"Kantrowitz, I., 1968, Ground-water resources in the vicinity of the Crown Point fish hatchery, Essex County, New York: New York State Department of Environmental Conservation Report of Investigations RI-2, iii, 13 p.","productDescription":"iii, 13 p.","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":274894,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/70046987.png"},{"id":274893,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://archive.org/details/usgswaterresourcesnewyork-ri_2"}],"county":"Essex County","city":"New York","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -74.3376,43.7452 ], [ -74.3376,44.5486 ], [ -73.2936,44.5486 ], [ -73.2936,43.7452 ], [ -74.3376,43.7452 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51dfd3e3e4b0d332bf22f394","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kantrowitz, I.H.","contributorId":15646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kantrowitz","given":"I.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70046312,"text":"70046312 - 1968 - Geology and ground water resources of Eddy and Foster Counties, North Dakota","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":42691,"text":"ofr67219 - 1967 - Preliminary ground-water availability map of Eddy and Foster Counties, North Dakota","indexId":"ofr67219","publicationYear":"1967","noYear":false,"title":"Preliminary ground-water availability map of Eddy and Foster Counties, North Dakota"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70046312,"text":"70046312 - 1968 - Geology and ground water resources of Eddy and Foster Counties, North Dakota","indexId":"70046312","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"title":"Geology and ground water resources of Eddy and Foster Counties, North Dakota"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-15T12:45:55","indexId":"70046312","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":242,"text":"Bulletin","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":4}},"seriesNumber":"44","title":"Geology and ground water resources of Eddy and Foster Counties, North Dakota","docAbstract":"Eddy and Foster Counties are in east-central North Dakota, high on the eastern flank of the Williston Basin. They are underlain by 3200 to 4300 feet of Paleozoic and Mesozoic rocks that dip gently to the west. The uppermost formation, the Cretaceous Pierre Shale, lies directly beneath the glacial drift and crops out in the valleys of the James and Sheyenne Rivers. Glacial drift that covers the entire are a averages about 150 feet thick but in certain buried valleys it is as much as 400 feet thick.","language":"English","publisher":"North Dakota Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Grand Forks, ND","collaboration":"Parts 2-3 prepared by the United States Geological Survey in cooperation with the North Dakota State Water Commission, North Dakota Geological Survey, and the Boards of Commissioners of Eddy and Foster Counties; this report was also published as North Dakota County Ground Water Studies 5","usgsCitation":"Bluemle, J.P., and Trapp, H., 1968, Geology and ground water resources of Eddy and Foster Counties, North Dakota: Bulletin 44, 3 Parts: Variously Paginated; Maps.","productDescription":"3 Parts: Variously Paginated; Maps","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273392,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/70046312.png"},{"id":273391,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://www.swc.nd.gov/4dlink9/4dcgi/GetSubContentPDF/PB-232/EddyFoster_Part_3_Plates.pdf"},{"id":273388,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.swc.nd.gov/4dlink9/4dcgi/GetSubContentPDF/PB-231/EddyFoster_Part_3.pdf"},{"id":273386,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.swc.nd.gov/4dlink9/4dcgi/GetSubContentPDF/PB-227/EddyFoster_Part_1.pdf"},{"id":273387,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.swc.nd.gov/4dlink9/4dcgi/GetSubContentPDF/PB-229/EddyFoster_Part_2.pdf"},{"id":273389,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://www.swc.nd.gov/4dlink9/4dcgi/GetSubContentPDF/PB-228/EddyFoster_Part_1_Plates.pdf"},{"id":273390,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://www.swc.nd.gov/4dlink9/4dcgi/GetSubContentPDF/PB-230/EddyFoster_Part_2_Plates.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","county":"Eddy County, Foster County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -99.2975,47.3268 ], [ -99.2975,47.8481 ], [ -98.4991,47.8481 ], [ -98.4991,47.3268 ], [ -99.2975,47.3268 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51b1bbd0e4b022a6a540f9b7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bluemle, John P.","contributorId":104375,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bluemle","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Trapp, Henry Jr.","contributorId":6034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trapp","given":"Henry","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70038236,"text":"70038236 - 1968 - Hydrogeologic data for the lower Thames and southeastern coastal river basins, Connecticut","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-09T07:58:11","indexId":"70038236","displayToPublicDate":"2012-04-22T11:08:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":108,"text":"Connecticut Water Resources Bulletin","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"16","title":"Hydrogeologic data for the lower Thames and southeastern coastal river basins, Connecticut","docAbstract":"This report presents hydrologic and geologic data collected by the U.S. Geological Survey during an investigation of water resources in the lower Thames and southeastern coastal river basins in cooperation with the Connecticut Water Resources Commission. The report area occupies about 440 square miles in the southeastern part of the State; it includes about 5 square miles in southwestern Rhode Island. It includes the towns of Bozrah, Groton, Ledyard, Montville, New London, Stonington, and Waterford, and parts of Columbia, Colchester, East Lyme, Franklin, Lebanon, North Stonington, Norwich, Old Lyme, Preston, Salem, and Voluntown. A companion interpretive report, Connecticut Water Resources Bulletin No. 15, (Thomas and others, in preparation), evaluates the water resources of the area. The data on the following pages serve to document and supplement that report and should be especially useful in planning the development of water resources at specific localities.\nData were collected as part of this investigation from 1963 to 1965.\nStreamflow records from continuous~record gaging stations in the report area for\nthis period have been published annually along with data from other parts of\nthe State in a series of U.S. Geological Survey reports entitled \"Surface\nWater Records of Connecticut.\" Water-level measurements in wells throughout\nthe State from 1960 through 1966~ including those made as part of this\ninvestigations are published in Connecticut Water Resources Bulletin No. 7\n(Meikle and Baker~ 1965) and Connecticut Water Resources Bulletin No. 13\n(Melklee 1967). Most other data collected during this investigation are\ntabulated on the following pages. Included are some previously unpublished\ndata collected prior to the start of this study.\nThe locations of sites at which data were collected are shown on Plate A\nin the pocket at the back of the report. Plate A includes the locations of\n42 miscellaneous sites where measurements of streamflow were made during 1963\nand 1964 and 6 other sites where continuous records are maintained. Data for\n25 of the 42 miscellaneous sites are included in this report: data for the\nremaining 17 miscellaneous sites and for 5 of the 6 continuous-record sites\nhave already been published in \"Surface Water Records of Connecticut.\"\nStreamflow records for Pawcatuck River at Westerly~ Rhode Island have been\npreviously published in \"Surface Water Records of Massachusetts, New Hampshire,\nRhode Island, and Vermont.\"\nData presented, unless otherwise noted, were collected by U.S. Geological\nSurvey personnel.","language":"English","publisher":"Connecticut Water Resources Commission","collaboration":"Prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Connecticut Water Resources Commission","usgsCitation":"Cervione, M.A., Grossman, I., and Thomas, C.E., 1968, Hydrogeologic data for the lower Thames and southeastern coastal river basins, Connecticut: Connecticut Water Resources Bulletin 16, Report: 65 p.; 1 Plate: 23.64 x 25.06 inches.","productDescription":"Report: 65 p.; 1 Plate: 23.64 x 25.06 inches","numberOfPages":"69","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":258797,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ctwrb/0016/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":287013,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70038236/report.pdf"},{"id":285979,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70038236/plate-a.pdf"}],"scale":"48000","country":"United States","state":"Connecticut","otherGeospatial":"Coastal River Basins;Thames","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -72.316667,41.266667 ], [ -72.316667,41.7 ], [ -72.766667,41.7 ], [ -72.766667,41.266667 ], [ -72.316667,41.266667 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a33b6e4b0c8380cd5f1e2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cervione, Michael A.","contributorId":24602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cervione","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grossman, I.G.","contributorId":52574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grossman","given":"I.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thomas, Chester E. Jr.","contributorId":37182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"Chester","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":14001,"text":"ofr68119 - 1968 - Redefinition of the terms Kingsport Formation and Mascot Dolomite and subdivisions of the upper part of the Knox Group in eastern Tennessee","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-17T16:42:56.511921","indexId":"ofr68119","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"68-119","title":"Redefinition of the terms Kingsport Formation and Mascot Dolomite and subdivisions of the upper part of the Knox Group in eastern Tennessee","docAbstract":"Upper part of the Knox Group has previously been divided into three formations; however, because of the lack of regionally recognizable boundaries, there has been a marked inconsistency as to the rocks assigned by different workers to the Longview Dolomite, Kingsport Formation and Mascot Dolomite. Regional stratigraphic studies have pointed out that there are only two recognizable major gross lithologic divisions. Because of this limitation, the term Longview, which has been used as a fossil zone, is abandoned; the term Kingsport is redefined to include the limestone and medium to coarsely crystalline dolomite unit, and Mascot is redefined to include the silty to very-finely crystalline dolomite unit from the top of the Kingsport to the unconformity at the top of the Knox Group.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr68119","usgsCitation":"Harris, L.D., 1968, Redefinition of the terms Kingsport Formation and Mascot Dolomite and subdivisions of the upper part of the Knox Group in eastern Tennessee: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 68-119, Report: ii, 52 p.; 6 Figures: 62.53 x 21.41 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr68119.","productDescription":"Report: ii, 52 p.; 6 Figures: 62.53 x 21.41 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":490870,"rank":8,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1968/0119/figure-6.pdf","text":"Figure 6","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":490867,"rank":5,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1968/0119/figure-3.pdf","text":"Figure 3","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":490866,"rank":4,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1968/0119/figure-2.pdf","text":"Figure 2","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":490865,"rank":3,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1968/0119/figure-1.pdf","text":"Figure 1","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":490864,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1968/0119/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":490869,"rank":7,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1968/0119/figure-5.pdf","text":"Figure 5","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":490868,"rank":6,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1968/0119/figure-4.pdf","text":"Figure 4","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":146862,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1968/0119/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a60e4b07f02db635310","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harris, Leonard Dorrean","contributorId":70773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"Leonard","email":"","middleInitial":"Dorrean","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":168767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":66685,"text":"i549 - 1968 - Bedrock topography of eastern Morris and western Essex Counties, New Jersey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-04T20:47:09.823517","indexId":"i549","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"549","title":"Bedrock topography of eastern Morris and western Essex Counties, New Jersey","docAbstract":"No 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","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/i549","usgsCitation":"Nichols, W.D., 1968, Bedrock topography of eastern Morris and western Essex Counties, New Jersey: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 549, 1 Plate: 34.06 x 46.14 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/i549.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 34.06 x 46.14 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":493501,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_9337.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":255422,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/0549/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":255421,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/0549/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":255420,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/0549/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","otherGeospatial":"Essex County, Morris County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.458,\n 40.917\n ],\n [\n -74.458,\n 40.708\n ],\n [\n -74.25,\n 40.708\n ],\n [\n -74.25,\n 40.917\n ],\n [\n -74.458,\n 40.917\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a54e4b07f02db62c454","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nichols, W. D.","contributorId":73220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"W.","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":274912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":3073,"text":"wsp1830B - 1968 - Summary of floods in the United States during 1963","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-04T16:57:11","indexId":"wsp1830B","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1830","chapter":"B","title":"Summary of floods in the United States during 1963","docAbstract":"This report describes the most outstanding floods in the United States during 1963. The three most destructive floods occurred in March from Alabama to West Virginia and Ohio, in June in Nebraska, and in August in Buffalo, N.Y.
Widespread disastrous floods struck the western slopes of the Appalachian Mountains from Alabama to West Virginia and Ohio as a result of three storms moving over the area during March 4-19. Precipitation during the first storm period, March 4-6, caused some major stream overflows and produced conditions favorable for high runoff from subsequent rainfall. Heavy rainfall on March 11-13 produced record-breaking floods on many streams in Tennessee, Kentucky, Virginia, and West Virginia. Noteworthy floods occurred in the bordering States of Alabama, Georgia, North Carolina, and Ohio. The third storm on If arch 16-19 was .significant because it prolonged the period of flooding and produced high-volume runoff in some areas. Twenty-six lives were lost, and more than 30,000 persons were forced from their homes. Damage to highways, railroads municipal and private property amounted to approximately \\$98 million.
Floods of June 24 in small basins in east-central Nebraska were the most severe known in the area. Discharges in many streams greatly exceeded the 50-year flood. Twenty-five cities and villages and more than 600 families suffered property loss. Three lives were lost. Property loss was about \\$13 million.
On July 29 the most severe rainstorm in 18 years occurred in western New York. On August 7, rains of near-record magnitude again fell over western New York, and record intensities were recorded in Buffalo for 1-, 2-, and 6-hour storms. The resulting floods on Scajaquada Creek were the highest recorded in a short period of record, and flood damage in Buffalo was estimated at \\$35 million.
In addition to the three floods mentioned above, 21 others of lesser magnitude are considered important enough to be included in this annual summary.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/wsp1830B","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Federal, State, and local agencies","usgsCitation":"Rostvedt, J., and and others, 1968, Summary of floods in the United States during 1963: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1830, vi, 120 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1830B.","productDescription":"vi, 120 p.","numberOfPages":"130","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":29942,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1830b/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":139408,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1830b/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db699262","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rostvedt, J.O.","contributorId":24757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rostvedt","given":"J.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":146242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"and others","contributorId":127886,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"and others","id":528057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":14789,"text":"ofr68174 - 1968 - Geological literature on the San Joaquin Valley of California","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":14789,"text":"ofr68174 - 1968 - Geological literature on the San Joaquin Valley of California","indexId":"ofr68174","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"title":"Geological literature on the San Joaquin Valley of California"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70042942,"text":"70042942 - 1973 - Geological literature on the San Joaquin Valley of California","indexId":"70042942","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"title":"Geological literature on the San Joaquin Valley of California"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":70042942,"text":"70042942 - 1973 - Geological literature on the San Joaquin Valley of California","indexId":"70042942","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"title":"Geological literature on the San Joaquin Valley of California"},"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-24T17:33:18.467414","indexId":"ofr68174","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"68-174","title":"Geological literature on the San Joaquin Valley of California","docAbstract":"The following list of references includes most of the geological literature on the San Joaquin Valley and vicinity in central California (see figure 1) published prior to January 1,1968. The San Joaquin Valley comprises all or parts of 11 counties -- Alameda, Calaveras, Contra Costa, Fresno, Kern, Kings, Madera, Merced, San Joaquin, Stanislaus, and Tulare (figure 2). As a matter of convenient geographical classification, the boundaries of the report area have been drawn along county lines, and to include San Benito and Santa Clara Counties on the west and Mariposa and Tuolumne Counties on the east. Therefore, this list of geological literature includes some publications on the Diablo and Temblor Ranges on the west, the Tehachapi Mountains and Mojave Desert on the south, and the Sierra Nevada Foothills and Mountains on the east.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr68174","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U. S. 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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adee4b07f02db6875eb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maher, John Charles","contributorId":58621,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maher","given":"John Charles","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":170012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Trollman, William W.","contributorId":45327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trollman","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":170011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":67375,"text":"i535C - 1968 - Transcontinental geophysical survey (35° - 39° N) geologic map from the East Coast of the United States to 87° W longitude","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-12T21:06:23.453555","indexId":"i535C","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"535","chapter":"C","title":"Transcontinental geophysical survey (35° - 39° N) geologic map from the East Coast of the United States to 87° W longitude","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/i535C","usgsCitation":"Willden, R., Reed, J.C., and Carlson, J.E., 1968, Transcontinental geophysical survey (35° - 39° N) geologic map from the East Coast of the United States to 87° W longitude: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 535, 1 Plate: 55.03 × 26.58 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/i535C.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 55.03 × 26.58 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":256386,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/0535c/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":256387,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/0535c/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":256388,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/0535c/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":389494,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_1724.htm"}],"scale":"1000000","country":"United States","state":"Delaware, Indiana, Kentucky, Maryland, North Carolina, Ohio, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.0,\n 35.0\n ],\n [\n -74.0,\n 35.0\n ],\n [\n -74.0,\n 39.0\n ],\n [\n -87.0,\n 39.0\n ],\n [\n -87.0,\n 35.0\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4de4b07f02db627037","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Willden, Ronald","contributorId":107368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willden","given":"Ronald","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":276084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reed, J. C. Jr.","contributorId":97063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"J.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":276083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carlson, J. E.","contributorId":83939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":276082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":15262,"text":"ofr68206 - 1968 - Subsurface geology of the Silent Canyon caldera, Nevada Test Site, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-20T18:13:29.768884","indexId":"ofr68206","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"68-206","title":"Subsurface geology of the Silent Canyon caldera, Nevada Test Site, Nevada","docAbstract":"Deep drilling in the vicinity of Silent Canyon on eastern Pahute Mesa, Nevada, has revealed a Tertiary volcanic section locally thicker than 14,000 feet. The area drilled covers most of the Silent Canyon caldera and some of the surrounding area. The caldera is rudely elliptical in plan and measures 10 by 14 miles.
Except on its east edge, the caldera is completely obscured by younger volcanic rocks, including ash-flow sheets from several other centers. The structure, originally inferred from surface mapping and a 20-mgal gravity low, has been confirmed by drilling at 21 sites.
Petrographic, chemical, and magnetic studies of more than 4,000 feet of drill core have revealed a complex sequence of volcanic rocks. Precaldera rocks include thick talc-alkalic lavas and tuffs. Peralkaline lavas and tuffs of the Silent Canyon center include the Belted Range Tuff (13-14 m.y.), eruption of which resulted in caldera collapse. The Belted Range Tuff has been downdropped 5,000-7,000 feet in the caldera. Subsequently, the depression was partially filled in the eastern part by genetically related peralkaline lavas and tuffs and in the western part by later calc -alkaline lavas and tuffs apparently genetically unrelated to the peralkaline rocks of the Silent Canyon center. Renewed subsidence probably occurred during their eruption.
Isopach maps of younger tuffs show that the caldera was topographically low during deposition of later (12.5-7 m.y.) ash-flow sheets from other volcanic centers.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr68206","usgsCitation":"Orkild, P.P., Byers, F., Hoover, D.L., and Sargent, K.A., 1968, Subsurface geology of the Silent Canyon caldera, Nevada Test Site, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 68-206, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr68206.","productDescription":"19 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":491051,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1968/0206/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":147986,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1968/0206/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Silent Canyon","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"id\":\"37\",\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Nevada\",\"nation\":\"USA 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Paul P.","contributorId":14441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orkild","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":170841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Byers, F.M. Jr.","contributorId":78338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Byers","given":"F.M.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":170844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hoover, D. L.","contributorId":70388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoover","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":170843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sargent, K. A.","contributorId":58630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sargent","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":170842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":52597,"text":"ofr67125 - 1968 - Ground-water resources in the vicinity of the Crown Point Fish Hatchery, Essex County, New York","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":52597,"text":"ofr67125 - 1968 - Ground-water resources in the vicinity of the Crown Point Fish Hatchery, Essex County, New York","indexId":"ofr67125","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"title":"Ground-water resources in the vicinity of the Crown Point Fish Hatchery, Essex County, New York"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70046987,"text":"70046987 - 1968 - Ground-water resources in the vicinity of the Crown Point fish hatchery, Essex County, New York","indexId":"70046987","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"title":"Ground-water resources in the vicinity of the Crown Point fish hatchery, Essex County, New York"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":70046987,"text":"70046987 - 1968 - Ground-water resources in the vicinity of the Crown Point fish hatchery, Essex County, New York","indexId":"70046987","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"title":"Ground-water resources in the vicinity of the Crown Point fish hatchery, Essex County, New York"},"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-08T09:07:04","indexId":"ofr67125","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"67-125","title":"Ground-water resources in the vicinity of the Crown Point Fish Hatchery, Essex County, New York","docAbstract":"The Crown Point Fish Hatchery, one of several hatcheries operated by the New York State Conservation Department, is located in Crown Point Center, Essex County, on the eastern edge of the Adirondack Highlands and about 2 miles west of Lake Champlain. Figure 1 is a location map of the vicinity of the Hatchery. This report summarizes an investigation by the U.S. ·Geological Survey, in cooperation with the New York State Conservation Department, Division of Water Resources, to locate and evaluate sources of additional ground-water supply for the Hatchery. In order to expand the facilities at the Hatchery, an additional water supply of about 100 gpm (gallons per minute) to as much as 350 gpm is needed. In addition, the type of fish culture practiced requires a water temperature of about 7 to 13 degrees Celsius (centigrade) for optimum results.
\nThe cooperation and assistance of the New York State Department of Transportation, Bureau of Soil Mechanics, the New York State Education Department, Museum and Science Service, and G. A. Connally of the State University of New York at New Paltz, during this study are gratefully acknowledged. Much of the preliminary field work was done by G. L. Giese and W. A. Hobba, Jr., U.S. Geological Survey, as part of a water-resources study of the Lake Champlain basin. The field work was supervised by R. C. Heath, former district chief of the Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey. G. G. Parker, district chief, supervised the preparation of this report.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr67125","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with New York State Conservation Department","usgsCitation":"Kantrowitz, I., 1968, Ground-water resources in the vicinity of the Crown Point Fish Hatchery, Essex County, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 67-125, iii, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr67125.","productDescription":"iii, 13 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":177437,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr67125.jpg"},{"id":316602,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1967/0125/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","county":"Essex County","otherGeospatial":"Crown Point Fish Hatchery","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.49990844726561,\n 43.92027700859655\n ],\n [\n -73.49990844726561,\n 43.95402351765834\n ],\n [\n -73.44677925109863,\n 43.95402351765834\n ],\n [\n -73.44677925109863,\n 43.92027700859655\n ],\n [\n -73.49990844726561,\n 43.92027700859655\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9fe4b07f02db660fc4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kantrowitz, I.H.","contributorId":15646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kantrowitz","given":"I.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":245619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":68193,"text":"ha272 - 1968 - Water resources of the Mustinka and Bois de Sioux Rivers watershed, west-central Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-12T21:07:17.071443","indexId":"ha272","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1968","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":318,"text":"Hydrologic Atlas","code":"HA","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"272","title":"Water resources of the Mustinka and Bois de Sioux Rivers watershed, west-central Minnesota","docAbstract":"The Mustinka and Bois de Sioux Rivers watershed is mantled by till deposits with scattered sand deposits.
\nThe west-central and northwestern part of the watershed was covered by Glacial Lake Agassiz and the resulting land surface is a flat, lake-washed till plain. Patches and ridges of sand scattered throughout the lake plain were formed as beach ridges and offshore bars. Small, isolated areas of lake clay also occur within this area. The remainder of the watershed is glacial moraine characterized by rolling topography in all but the extreme eastern edge which has more local relief and more permanent lakes. Alluvial sand deposits are found in the eastern part of the morainal area.
\nThe drainage area of the watershed in Minnesota is 1,429 square miles. The area includes mors of Traverse County and parts of Big Stone, Stevens, Grant, Ottertail, and Wilkin Counties.
\nPopulation within the watershed unit is about 20,000. The largest community, Wheaton, has a population of 2,102. The agricultural economy of the area is concentrated on grain farming, although some dairying is carried on. The principal grain crops are corn and oats. Flax, soybeans, and barley are also very commonly grown.
\nThe natural vegetation in the area was largely prairie. A hardwood deciduous forest grew only on the extreme eastern edge. Today, the area is almost entirely farm land containing numerous local woodlots.
\nOutdoor recreation is concentrated on waterfowl and pheasant hunting. Fishing is done in Lake Traverse and in the larger lakes in the eastern part of the morainal area.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/ha272","usgsCitation":"Maclay, R., Winter, T.C., and Bidwell, L.E., 1968, Water resources of the Mustinka and Bois de Sioux Rivers watershed, west-central Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Atlas 272, 4 Plates: 48.0 x 40.5 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ha272.","productDescription":"4 Plates: 48.0 x 40.5 inches or smaller","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science 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