{"pageNumber":"403","pageRowStart":"10050","pageSize":"25","recordCount":16437,"records":[{"id":70019749,"text":"70019749 - 1997 - Assessment of climate change and freshwater ecosystems of the Rocky Mountains, USA and Canada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-26T23:14:08.080506","indexId":"70019749","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessment of climate change and freshwater ecosystems of the Rocky Mountains, USA and Canada","docAbstract":"<p>The Rocky Mountains in the USA and Canada encompass the interior cordillera of western North America, from the southern Yukon to northern New Mexico. Annual weather patterns are cold in winter and mild in summer. Precipitation has high seasonal and interannual variation and may differ by an order of magnitude between geographically close locales, depending on slope, aspect and local climatic and orographic conditions. The region's hydrology is characterized by the accumulation of winter snow, spring snowmelt and autumnal baseflows. During the 2–3-month ‘spring runoff’ period, rivers frequently discharge &gt; 70% of their annual water budget and have instantaneous discharges 10–100 times mean low flow.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/(SICI)1099-1085(19970630)11:8<903::AID-HYP511>3.0.CO;2-7","issn":"08856087","usgsCitation":"Hauer, F.R., Baron, J., Campbell, K., Fausch, K., Hostetler, S.W., Leavesley, G., Leavitt, P., McKnight, D.M., and Stanford, J.A., 1997, Assessment of climate change and freshwater ecosystems of the Rocky Mountains, USA and Canada: Hydrological Processes, v. 11, no. 8, p. 903-924, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1085(19970630)11:8<903::AID-HYP511>3.0.CO;2-7.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"903","endPage":"924","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":228207,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ee26e4b0c8380cd49bbc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hauer, F. Richard","contributorId":76892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hauer","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"Richard","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baron, Jill 0000-0002-5902-6251 jill_baron@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5902-6251","contributorId":194124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baron","given":"Jill","email":"jill_baron@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":383786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Campbell, K.","contributorId":63351,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Campbell","given":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":47665,"text":"St. Anthony Falls Laboratory, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":383790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fausch, K.D. 0000-0001-5825-7560","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5825-7560","contributorId":84097,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fausch","given":"K.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hostetler, S. W. 0000-0003-2272-8302","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2272-8302","contributorId":42911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hostetler","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Leavesley, G.H.","contributorId":93895,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leavesley","given":"G.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Leavitt, P.R.","contributorId":55982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leavitt","given":"P.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"McKnight, Diane M.","contributorId":59773,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKnight","given":"Diane","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":16833,"text":"INSTAAR, University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":383789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Stanford, J. A.","contributorId":79643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanford","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70019757,"text":"70019757 - 1997 - Complex response of a midcontinent north America drainage system to late Wisconsinan sedimentation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-14T11:15:34.989843","indexId":"70019757","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2451,"text":"Journal of Sedimentary Research","onlineIssn":"1938-3681","printIssn":"1527-1404","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Complex response of a midcontinent north America drainage system to late Wisconsinan sedimentation","docAbstract":"<div><div id=\"12461418\" class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \" data-section-parent-id=\"0\"><p>The geomorphic evolution of Mud Creek basin in eastern Iowa, U.S.A. serves to illustrate how geomorphic influences such as sediment supply, valley gradient, climate, and vegetation are recorded in the alluvial stratigraphic record. Sediment supply to the fluvial system increased significantly during the late Wisconsinan through a combination of periglacial erosion and loess accumulation. Subsequent evolution of the Holocene alluvial stratigraphic record reflects long-term routing of the late Wisconsinan sediment through the drainage basin in a series of cut-and-fill cycles whose timing was influenced by hydrologic response to change in climate and vegetation. When viewed in a regional context, the alluvial stratigraphic record appears to reflect a long-term complex response of the fluvial system to increased sediment supply during the late Wisconsinan. Hydrologic and sediment-supply changes accompanying the spread of Euroamerican agriculture to the basin in the 1800s dramatically upset trends in sedimentation and channel behavior established during the Holocene.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Sedimentary Geology","doi":"10.1306/D426862B-2B26-11D7-8648000102C1865D","issn":"1073130X","usgsCitation":"Bettis, E., and Autin, W., 1997, Complex response of a midcontinent north America drainage system to late Wisconsinan sedimentation: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 67, no. 4, p. 740-748, https://doi.org/10.1306/D426862B-2B26-11D7-8648000102C1865D.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"740","endPage":"748","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227686,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"67","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f910e4b0c8380cd4d3ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bettis, E. Arthur III","contributorId":72822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bettis","given":"E. Arthur","suffix":"III","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Autin, W.J.","contributorId":7436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Autin","given":"W.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70019768,"text":"70019768 - 1997 - Experimental design for estimating parameters of rate-limited mass transfer: Analysis of stream tracer studies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-04T10:46:05","indexId":"70019768","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Experimental design for estimating parameters of rate-limited mass transfer: Analysis of stream tracer studies","docAbstract":"<p><span>Tracer experiments are valuable tools for analyzing the transport characteristics of streams and their interactions with shallow groundwater. The focus of this work is the design of tracer studies in high-gradient stream systems subject to advection, dispersion, groundwater inflow, and exchange between the active channel and zones in surface or subsurface water where flow is stagnant or slow moving. We present a methodology for (1) evaluating and comparing alternative stream tracer experiment designs and (2) identifying those combinations of stream transport properties that pose limitations to parameter estimation and therefore a challenge to tracer test design. The methodology uses the concept of global parameter uncertainty analysis, which couples solute transport simulation with parameter uncertainty analysis in a Monte Carlo framework. Two general conclusions resulted from this work. First, the solute injection and sampling strategy has an important effect on the reliability of transport parameter estimates. We found that constant injection with sampling through concentration rise, plateau, and fall provided considerably more reliable parameter estimates than a pulse injection across the spectrum of transport scenarios likely encountered in high-gradient streams. Second, for a given tracer test design, the uncertainties in mass transfer and storage-zone parameter estimates are strongly dependent on the experimental Damkohler number,&nbsp;</span><i>DaI</i><span>, which is a dimensionless combination of the rates of exchange between the stream and storage zones, the stream-water velocity, and the stream reach length of the experiment. Parameter uncertainties are lowest at<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>DaI</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>values on the order of 1.0. When<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>DaI</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>values are much less than 1.0 (owing to high velocity, long exchange timescale, and/or short reach length), parameter uncertainties are high because only a small amount of tracer interacts with storage zones in the reach. For the opposite conditions (</span><i>DaI</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>≫ 1.0), solute exchange rates are fast relative to stream-water velocity and all solute is exchanged with the storage zone over the experimental reach. As<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>DaI</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>increases, tracer dispersion caused by hyporheic exchange eventually reaches an equilibrium condition and storage-zone exchange parameters become essentially nonidentifiable.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/97WR01067","usgsCitation":"Wagner, B.J., and Harvey, J.W., 1997, Experimental design for estimating parameters of rate-limited mass transfer: Analysis of stream tracer studies: Water Resources Research, v. 33, no. 7, p. 1731-1741, https://doi.org/10.1029/97WR01067.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1731","endPage":"1741","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479977,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/97wr01067","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":227845,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0dc5e4b0c8380cd531ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wagner, Brian J. bjwagner@usgs.gov","contributorId":427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"Brian","email":"bjwagner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":383847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harvey, Judson W. 0000-0002-2654-9873 jwharvey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2654-9873","contributorId":1796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"Judson","email":"jwharvey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":383848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70019769,"text":"70019769 - 1997 - Effects of basin size on low-flow stream chemistry and subsurface contact time in the neversink river watershed, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-26T23:12:11.469772","indexId":"70019769","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of basin size on low-flow stream chemistry and subsurface contact time in the neversink river watershed, New York","docAbstract":"<div class=\"abstract-group \"><div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>The effects of basin size on low-flow stream chemistry and subsurface contact time were examined for a part of the Neversink River watershed in southern New York State. Acid neutralizing capacity (ANC), the sum of base cation concentrations (SBC), pH and concentrations of total aluminum (Al), dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and silicon (Si) were measured during low stream flow at the outlets of nested basins ranging in size from 0·2 to 166·3 km<sup>2</sup>. ANC, SBC, pH, Al and DOC showed pronounced changes as basin size increased from 0·2 to 3 km<sup>2</sup>, but relatively small variations were observed as basin size increased beyond 3 km<sup>2</sup>. An index of subsurface contact time computed from basin topography and soil hydraulic conductivity also showed pronounced changes as basin size increased from 0·2 to 3 km<sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>and smaller changes as basin size increased beyond 3 km<sup>2</sup>. These results suggest that basin size affects low-flow stream chemistry because of the effects of basin size on subsurface contact time.&nbsp;</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/(SICI)1099-1085(199707)11:9<1273::AID-HYP557>3.0.CO;2-S","issn":"08856087","usgsCitation":"Wolock, D., Fan, J., and Lawrence, G., 1997, Effects of basin size on low-flow stream chemistry and subsurface contact time in the neversink river watershed, New York: Hydrological Processes, v. 11, no. 9, p. 1273-1286, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1085(199707)11:9<1273::AID-HYP557>3.0.CO;2-S.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1273","endPage":"1286","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227846,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0695e4b0c8380cd51301","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wolock, D.M. 0000-0002-6209-938X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6209-938X","contributorId":36601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolock","given":"D.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fan, J.","contributorId":40744,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fan","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lawrence, G.B. 0000-0002-8035-2350","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8035-2350","contributorId":76347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lawrence","given":"G.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70019800,"text":"70019800 - 1997 - From the 1988 drought to the 1993 flood: Transport of halogenated organic compounds with the Mississippi river suspended sediment at Thebes, Illinois","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-07T09:10:28","indexId":"70019800","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"From the 1988 drought to the 1993 flood: Transport of halogenated organic compounds with the Mississippi river suspended sediment at Thebes, Illinois","docAbstract":"Suspended sediment was isolated from water samples collected from the Mississippi River at Thebes, IL, eight times over a 5-year period from May 1988 through September 1993 in order to evaluate the transport of lipophilic halogenated organic compounds associated with the suspended sediment. Two hydrologic extremes were included-the 1988 drought and the 1993 flood. Halogenated organic compounds included polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), hexachlorobenzene, pentachloroanisole, DCPA (dacthal), trifluralin, aldrin, dieldrin, and chlordane components. Sediment transport of most of these organic compounds was substantially higher during the 1993 flood then at other sampling times. The extreme transports during the flood were due to unusually high concentrations of some contaminants on the suspended sediment, low to average concentrations of suspended sediment being transported, and unusually high water discharges.","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es960513z","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Rostad, C., 1997, From the 1988 drought to the 1993 flood: Transport of halogenated organic compounds with the Mississippi river suspended sediment at Thebes, Illinois: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 31, no. 5, p. 1308-1312, https://doi.org/10.1021/es960513z.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"1308","endPage":"1312","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":227728,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":205974,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es960513z"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois ","county":"Alexander 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C.E.","contributorId":50939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rostad","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70019807,"text":"70019807 - 1997 - Relationships between salt marsh loss and dredged canals in three Louisiana Estuaries","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:17","indexId":"70019807","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2220,"text":"Journal of Coastal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relationships between salt marsh loss and dredged canals in three Louisiana Estuaries","docAbstract":"Coastal land loss rates were quantified for 27 salt marshes in three estuaries of the Louisiana Mississippi Deltaic plain: Barataria, Terrebonne and St. Bernard. The sites ranged from 23 ha to 908 ha and the total area of all sites was 6,367 ha. Two methods were used to calculate open water and canal density in each of five years: (1) a Geographic Information System for 1956 and 1978, and, (2) a point grid method for 1974, 1988, and 1990. A General Linear Model explained 79% of the variance (R2 = 0.79; P ??? 0.95) among basins for all years and provided an estimate of the impacts of canals in each basin. The land loss rates, virtually all occurring as wetland to open water conversions, were different in each basin. The 'background' land loss rates from 1956 to 1990 (exclusive of the direct or indirect effects of canals; %/yr; ?? + 1 Std. Dev.) for each basin were estimated to be: Barataria: 0.71 ?? 0.12, Terrebonne 0.47 ?? 0.09, and St. Bernard 0.08 ?? 0.14. Canals were equally and directly correlated with landloss in each basin. There was 2.85 ha of open water formed with each ha of canal dredged (inclusive of the canal area) and an additional 1 ha wetland converted to spoil bank vegetation. Additional losses may occur if loss rates continue for periods longer than the mapping intervals. There are documented causal mechanisms involving wetland hydrologic changes that can explain these wetland losses.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Coastal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"07490208","usgsCitation":"Bass, A., and Turner, R., 1997, Relationships between salt marsh loss and dredged canals in three Louisiana Estuaries: Journal of Coastal Research, v. 13, no. 3, p. 895-903.","startPage":"895","endPage":"903","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227848,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa650e4b0c8380cd84db7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bass, A.S.","contributorId":82078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bass","given":"A.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Turner, R.E.","contributorId":39749,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Turner","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16756,"text":"Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":383970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70019810,"text":"70019810 - 1997 - Herbicides and their metabolites in rainfall: Origin, transport, and deposition patterns across the midwestern and northeastern United States, 1990-1991","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-04T10:55:43","indexId":"70019810","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Herbicides and their metabolites in rainfall: Origin, transport, and deposition patterns across the midwestern and northeastern United States, 1990-1991","docAbstract":"<div class=\"hlFld-Abstract\"><div id=\"abstractBox\"><p class=\"articleBody_abstractText\">Herbicides were detected in rainfall throughout the midwestern and northeastern United States during late spring and summer of 1990 and 1991. Herbicide concentrations exhibited distinct geographic and seasonal patterns. The highest concentrations occurred in midwestern cornbelt states following herbicide application to cropland. Volume-weighted concentrations of 0.2−0.4 μg/L for atrazine and alachlor were typical in this area during mid-April through mid-July, and weighted concentrations as large as 0.6−0.9 μg/L occurred at several sites. Concentrations of 1−3 μg/L were measured in a few individual samples. Atrazine was detected most often followed by alachlor, deethylatrazine, metolachlor, cyanazine, and deisopropylatrazine. The high ratio (∼0.5) of deethylatrazine to atrazine in rainfall suggests atmospheric degradation of atrazine. Mass deposition of herbicides was greatest in areas where herbicide use was high and decreased with distance from the cornbelt. Estimated deposition rates for both atrazine and alachlor ranged from more than 240 μg m<sup>-</sup><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>yr<sup>-</sup><sup>1</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>for some areas in the midwestern states to less than 10 μg m<sup>-</sup><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>yr<sup>-</sup><sup>1</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>for the New England states. The estimated annual deposition of atrazine on the Great Lakes ranged from about 12 to 63 μg m<sup>-</sup><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>yr<sup>-</sup><sup>1</sup>. The total amounts of atrazine and alachlor deposited annually in rainfall in the study area represent about 0.6% of the atrazine and 0.4% of the alachlor applied annually to crops in the study area.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es960847o","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Goolsby, D.A., Thurman, E., Pomes, M., Meyer, M.T., and Battaglin, W., 1997, Herbicides and their metabolites in rainfall: Origin, transport, and deposition patterns across the midwestern and northeastern United States, 1990-1991: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 31, no. 5, p. 1325-1333, https://doi.org/10.1021/es960847o.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1325","endPage":"1333","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":227891,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":206018,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es960847o"}],"volume":"31","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1997-04-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a306ce4b0c8380cd5d627","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goolsby, D. A.","contributorId":50508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goolsby","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thurman, E.M.","contributorId":102864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thurman","given":"E.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pomes, M.L.","contributorId":84393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pomes","given":"M.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Meyer, M. T.","contributorId":92279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Battaglin, W.A.","contributorId":16376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Battaglin","given":"W.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70019819,"text":"70019819 - 1997 - Occurrence of selected herbicides and herbicide degradation products in Iowa's Ground Water, 1995","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-08T16:31:44","indexId":"70019819","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Occurrence of selected herbicides and herbicide degradation products in Iowa's Ground Water, 1995","docAbstract":"<p>Herbicide compounds were prevalent in ground water across Iowa, being detected in 70% of the 106 municipal wells sampled during the summer of 1995. Herbicide degradation products were three of the four most frequently detected compounds for this study. The degradation product alachlor ethanesulfonic acid was the most frequently detected compound (65.1%), followed by atrazine (40.6%), and the degradation products deethylatrazine (34.9%), and cyanazine amide (19.8%). The corn herbicide acetochlor, first registered for widespread use in the United States in March 1994, was detected in a single water sample. No reported herbicide compound concentrations for this study exceeded currem U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's maximum contaminant levels or health advisory levels for drinking water, although the herbicide degradation products examined have yet to have such levels established.</p>\n<p>The occurrence of herbicide compounds had a significant, inverse relation to well depth and a significant, positive relation to dissolved-oxygen concentration. It is felt that both well depth and dissolved oxygen are acting as rough surrogates to ground-water age, with younger ground water being more likely to contain herbicide compounds. The occurrence of herbicide compounds was substantially different among the major aquifer types across Iowa, being detected in 82.5% of the alluvial, 81.8% of the bedrock/ karst region, 40.0% of the glacial-drift, and 25.0% of the bedrock/nonkarst region aquifers. The observed distribution was partially attributed to variations in general ground-water age among these aquifer types. A significant, inverse relation was determined between total herbicide compound concentrations in ground water and the average soil slope within a 2-km radius of sampled wells. Steeper soil slopes may increase the likelihood of surface runoff occurring rather than ground-water infiltration&ndash;decreasing the transport of herbicide compounds to ground water. As expected, a significant positive relation was determined between intensity of herbicide use and herbicide concentrations in ground water.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1997.tb00134.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Kolpin, D., Kalkhoff, S., Goolsby, D.A., Sneck-Fahrer, D.A., and Thurman, E., 1997, Occurrence of selected herbicides and herbicide degradation products in Iowa's Ground Water, 1995: Ground Water, v. 35, no. 4, p. 679-688, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1997.tb00134.x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"679","endPage":"688","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":228060,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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,{"id":70019820,"text":"70019820 - 1997 - Hydrological processes - Letters: Topographic controls on subsurface storm flow at the hillslope scale for Two hydrologically distinct small catchments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-26T23:07:38.929072","indexId":"70019820","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrological processes - Letters: Topographic controls on subsurface storm flow at the hillslope scale for Two hydrologically distinct small catchments","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/(SICI)1099-1085(199707)11:9<1347::AID-HYP592>3.0.CO;2-R","issn":"08856087","usgsCitation":"Freer, J., McDonnell, J., Beven, K., Brammer, D., Burns, D., Hooper, R.P., and Kendal, C., 1997, Hydrological processes - Letters: Topographic controls on subsurface storm flow at the hillslope scale for Two hydrologically distinct small catchments: Hydrological Processes, v. 11, no. 9, p. 1347-1352, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1085(199707)11:9<1347::AID-HYP592>3.0.CO;2-R.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1347","endPage":"1352","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":228061,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a36aee4b0c8380cd608f2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Freer, J.","contributorId":61975,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freer","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McDonnell, J.","contributorId":61587,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDonnell","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Beven, K.J.","contributorId":62759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beven","given":"K.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brammer, D.","contributorId":63973,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brammer","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Burns, D.","contributorId":91260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burns","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hooper, R. P.","contributorId":26321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooper","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kendal, C.","contributorId":94055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendal","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70019861,"text":"70019861 - 1997 - Potential effects of climate change on freshwater ecosystems of the New England/Mid-Atlantic Region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-26T23:00:35.804597","indexId":"70019861","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Potential effects of climate change on freshwater ecosystems of the New England/Mid-Atlantic Region","docAbstract":"<p>Numerous freshwater ecosystems, dense concentrations of humans along the eastern seaboard, extensive forests and a history of intensive land use distinguish the New England/Mid-Atlantic Region. Human population densities are forecast to increase in portions of the region at the same time that climate is expected to be changing. Consequently, the effects of humans and climatic change are likely to affect freshwater ecosystems within the region interactively. The general climate, at present, is humid continental, and the region receives abundant precipitation. Climatic projections for a 2 × CO<sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>atmosphere, however, suggest warmer and drier conditions for much of this region. Annual temperature increases ranging from 3–5°C are projected, with the greatest increases occurring in autumn or winter. According to a water balance model, the projected increase in temperature will result in greater rates of evaporation and evapotranspiration. This could cause a 21 and 31% reduction in annual stream flow in the southern and northern sections of the region, respectively, with greatest reductions occurring in autumn and winter. The amount and duration of snow cover is also projected to decrease across the region, and summer convective thunderstorms are likely to decrease in frequency but increase in intensity.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/(SICI)1099-1085(19970630)11:8<925::AID-HYP512>3.0.CO;2-X","issn":"08856087","usgsCitation":"Moore, M., Pace, M.L., Mather, J., Murdoch, P., Howarth, R.W., Folt, C., Chen, C., Hemond, H.F., Flebbe, P., and Driscoll, C.T., 1997, Potential effects of climate change on freshwater ecosystems of the New England/Mid-Atlantic Region: Hydrological Processes, v. 11, no. 8, p. 925-947, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1085(19970630)11:8<925::AID-HYP512>3.0.CO;2-X.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"925","endPage":"947","numberOfPages":"23","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":228063,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7ecde4b0c8380cd7a76d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, M.V.","contributorId":61187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"M.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pace, M. L.","contributorId":72542,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pace","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mather, J.R.","contributorId":49127,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mather","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Murdoch, Peter S.","contributorId":73547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murdoch","given":"Peter S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Howarth, R. W.","contributorId":48126,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Howarth","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":12722,"text":"Cornell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":384195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Folt, C.L.","contributorId":34671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Folt","given":"C.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Chen, C.-Y.","contributorId":41973,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"C.-Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hemond, Harold F.","contributorId":34673,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hemond","given":"Harold","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":13299,"text":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":384192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Flebbe, P.A.","contributorId":18922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flebbe","given":"P.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Driscoll, C. T.","contributorId":47530,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Driscoll","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70019878,"text":"70019878 - 1997 - Effects of solution mining of salt on wetland hydrology as inferred from tree rings","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-15T10:35:43","indexId":"70019878","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of solution mining of salt on wetland hydrology as inferred from tree rings","docAbstract":"<p><span>Radial growth and concentrations of selected elements within rings were studied in white pine (</span><i>Pinus strobus</i><span>) trees from a wetland in central New York approximately 5 km north of a salt-solution mining field that operated from 1889 to 1988. Trees seemingly document three sequential episodes of mine-induced alterations of groundwater discharge irrigating the wetland during the 100-year period. The radial growth of trees established before the onset of mining declined abruptly in the early 1890s and remained suppressed until about 1960, as did growth of numerous other trees that became established after the onset of mining. Suppressed pre-1960 radial growth coincided with the interval that surface water was injected into the saltbeds, suggesting that losses of injected water to the bedrock and/or unconsolidated deposits increased groundwater flow into the wetland. An abrupt and sustained enhancement of radial growth beginning about 1960 indicates that the wetland became drier, and thus more conducive to tree growth, when injection practices were discontinued in the late 1950s despite the continued pumping of brine. Following the cessation of mining in the late 1980s, head pressures again increased in the upper valley, driving chloride-enriched flow northward along regional bedding-plane fractures and into the wetland. Large concentrations of chloride were detected within the most recently formed rings of some trees. As the result of chloride-enriched irrigation, the radial growth of some trees declined, and some trees died. Thus trees have preserved evidence of a century of hydrologic alterations, unobtainable by other means, where the effects of brine mining have not been documented previously.</span><span id=\"_mce_caret\" data-mce-bogus=\"true\"><strong></strong></span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/96WR03688","usgsCitation":"Yanosky, T.M., and Kappel, W.M., 1997, Effects of solution mining of salt on wetland hydrology as inferred from tree rings: Water Resources Research, v. 33, no. 3, p. 457-470, https://doi.org/10.1029/96WR03688.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"457","endPage":"470","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":228296,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a07d2e4b0c8380cd5185e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yanosky, Thomas M.","contributorId":40589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yanosky","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kappel, William M. 0000-0002-2382-9757 wkappel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2382-9757","contributorId":1074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kappel","given":"William","email":"wkappel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":384245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70019879,"text":"70019879 - 1997 - Fractured-aquifer hydrogeology from geophysical logs; the passaic formation, New Jersey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-13T06:45:46","indexId":"70019879","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fractured-aquifer hydrogeology from geophysical logs; the passaic formation, New Jersey","docAbstract":"<div class=\"abstract-group\"><div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>The Passaic Formation consists of gradational sequences of mudstone, siltstone, and sandstone, and is a principal aquifer in central New Jersey. Ground‐water flow is primarily controlled by fractures interspersed throughout these sedimentary rocks and characterizing these fractures in terms of type, orientation, spatial distribution, frequency, and transmissivity is fundamental towards understanding local fluid‐transport processes. To obtain this information, a comprehensive suite of geophysical logs was collected in 10 wells roughly 46 m in depth and located within a .05 km<sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>area in Hopewell Township, New Jersey. A seemingly complex, heterogeneous network of fractures identified with an acoustic televiewer was statistically reduced to two principal subsets corresponding to two distinct fracture types: (1) bedding‐plane partings and (2) high‐angle fractures. Bedding‐plane partings are the most numerous and have an average strike of N84°W and dip of 20° N. The high‐angle fractures are oriented subparallel to these features, with an average strike of N79° E and dip of 71° S, making the two fracture types roughly orthogonal. Their intersections form linear features that also retain this approximately east‐west strike. Inspection of fluid temperature and conductance logs in conjunction with flow meter measurements obtained during pumping allows the transmissive fractures to be distinguished from the general fracture population. These results show that, within the resolution capabilities of the logging tools, approximately 51 (or 18 percent) of the 280 total fractures are water producing. The bedding‐plane partings exhibit transmissivities that average roughly 5 m<sup>2</sup>/day and that generally diminish in magnitude and frequency with depth. The high‐angle fractures have average transmissivities that are about half those of the bedding‐plane partings and show no apparent dependence upon depth. The geophysical logging results allow us to infer a distinct hydrogeologic structure within this aquifer that is defined by fracture type and orientation. Fluid flow near the surface is controlled primarily by the highly transmissive, subhorizontal bedding‐plane partings. As depth increases, the high‐angle fractures apparently become more dominant hydrologically.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1997.tb00090.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Morin, R.H., Carleton, G., and Poirier, S., 1997, Fractured-aquifer hydrogeology from geophysical logs; the passaic formation, New Jersey: Ground Water, v. 35, no. 2, p. 328-338, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1997.tb00090.x.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"328","endPage":"338","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":228297,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-08-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a13b6e4b0c8380cd5475b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morin, R. H.","contributorId":31794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morin","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carleton, G.B.","contributorId":107729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carleton","given":"G.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Poirier, S.","contributorId":53109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poirier","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70019894,"text":"70019894 - 1997 - Mixed-mode sorption of hydroxylated atrazine degradation products to sell: A mechanism for bound residue","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-13T06:54:44","indexId":"70019894","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mixed-mode sorption of hydroxylated atrazine degradation products to sell: A mechanism for bound residue","docAbstract":"This study tested the hypothesis that sorption of hydroxylated atrazine degradation products (HADPs: hydroxyatrazine, HA; deethylhydroxyatrazine, DEHA; and deisopropylhydroxyatrazine, DIHA) to soils occurs by mixed-mode binding resulting from two simultaneous mechanisms: (1) cation exchange and (2) hydrophobic interaction. The objective was to use liquid chromatography and soil extraction experiments to show that mixed-mode binding is the mechanism controlling HADP sorption to soils and is also a mechanism for bound residue. Overall, HADP binding to solid-phase extraction (SPE) sorbents occurred in the order: cation exchange >> octadecyl (C18) >> cyanopropyl. Binding to cation exchange SPE and to a high-performance liquid chromatograph octyl (C8) column showed evidence for mixed-mode binding. Comparison of soil extracted by 0.5 M KH2P04, pH 7.5, or 25% aqueous CH3CN showed that, for HA and DIHA, cation exchange was a more important binding mechanism to soils than hydrophobic interaction. Based on differences between several extractants, the extent of HADP mixed-mode binding to soil occurred in the following order: HA > DIHA > DEHA. Mixed-mode extraction recovered 42.8% of bound atrazine residues from aged soil, and 88% of this fraction was identified as HADPs. Thus, a significant portion of bound atrazine residues in soils is sorbed by the mixed-mode binding mechanisms.","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es960811w","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Lerch, R., Thurman, E., and Kruger, E., 1997, Mixed-mode sorption of hydroxylated atrazine degradation products to sell: A mechanism for bound residue: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 31, no. 5, p. 1539-1546, https://doi.org/10.1021/es960811w.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1539","endPage":"1546","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":206009,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es960811w"},{"id":227852,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1997-04-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5b82e4b0c8380cd6f5da","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lerch, R.N.","contributorId":88504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lerch","given":"R.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thurman, E.M.","contributorId":102864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thurman","given":"E.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kruger, E.L.","contributorId":61586,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kruger","given":"E.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70019916,"text":"70019916 - 1997 - Hydrologic indices for nontidal wetlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-12T14:07:35","indexId":"70019916","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrologic indices for nontidal wetlands","docAbstract":"Two sets of hydrologic indices were developed to characterize the water-budget components of nontidal wetlands. The first set consisted of six water-budget indices for input and output variables, and the second set consisted of two hydrologic interaction indices derived from the water-budget indices. The indices then were applied to 19 wetlands with previously published water-budget data. Two trilinear diagrams for each wetland were constructed, one for the three input indices and another for the three output indices. These two trilinear diagrams then were combined with a central quadrangle to form a Piper-type diagram, with data points from the trilinear diagrams projected onto the quadrangle. The quadrangle then was divided into nine fields that summarized the water-budget information. Two quantitative \"interaction indices\" were calculated from two of the six water-budget indices (precipitation and evapotranspiration). They also were obtained graphically from the water-budget indices, which were first projected to the central quadrangle of a Piper-type diagram from the flanking trilinear plots. The first interaction index (l) defines the strength of interaction between a wetland and the surrounding ground- and surface-water system. The second interaction index (S) defines the nature of the interaction between the wetland and the surrounding ground- and surface-water system (source versus sink). Evaluation of these indices using published wetland water-budget data illustrates the usefulness of the technique.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF03160715","issn":"02775212","usgsCitation":"Lent, R.M., Weiskel, P.K., Lyford, F.P., and Armstrong, D.S., 1997, Hydrologic indices for nontidal wetlands: Wetlands, v. 17, no. 1, p. 19-30, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03160715.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"19","endPage":"30","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":228218,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3638e4b0c8380cd6052f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lent, Robert M. rmlent@usgs.gov","contributorId":284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lent","given":"Robert","email":"rmlent@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":384369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Weiskel, Peter K. pweiskel@usgs.gov","contributorId":1099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weiskel","given":"Peter","email":"pweiskel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":384368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lyford, Forest P.","contributorId":43334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyford","given":"Forest","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Armstrong, David S. 0000-0003-1695-1233 darmstro@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1695-1233","contributorId":1390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Armstrong","given":"David","email":"darmstro@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":384370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70019941,"text":"70019941 - 1997 - Hydrologic investigations in the Mammoth Corridor, Yellowstone National Park and vicinity, U.S.A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-19T19:03:56.748729","indexId":"70019941","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1828,"text":"Geothermics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrologic investigations in the Mammoth Corridor, Yellowstone National Park and vicinity, U.S.A.","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Mammoth Corridor in and adjacent to Yellowstone National Park encompasses a N-S alignment of geothermal features that extends from the Norris Geyser Basin adjacent to the Yellowstone caldera through Mammoth Hot Springs to the Corwin Springs Known Geothermal Resources Area (KGRA). Thermal springs in this region discharge water that ranges from NaKCl, silica-depositing type to CaNaHC0</span><sub>3</sub><span>SO</span><sub>4</sub><span>, travertine-depositing type. Although only a few relatively shallow wells have been drilled in the corridor, the region is of special interest because of the environmental issues associated with potential geothermal development adjacent to Yellowstone National Park. The U.S. Geological Survey conducted an intensive hydrogeologic study of this region during 1988–1990 and continued to collect hydrologic and geophysical data until 1994. The results of these investigations document the rates of discharge of thermal water and heat within the corridor, evidence for a magmatic heat source beneath the Mammoth Hot Springs area, and evidence for separate geothermal systems associated with Mammoth Hot Springs and with thermal waters discharging in the KGRA in the vicinity of La Duke Hot Springs. These investigations also indicate that limited development of the 70°C geothermal resource in the La Duke area would not affect thermal springs in Yellowstone National Park.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0375-6505(96)00041-7","issn":"03756505","usgsCitation":"Sorey, M., and Colvard, E., 1997, Hydrologic investigations in the Mammoth Corridor, Yellowstone National Park and vicinity, U.S.A.: Geothermics, v. 26, no. 2, p. 221-249, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0375-6505(96)00041-7.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"221","endPage":"249","numberOfPages":"29","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227988,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3640e4b0c8380cd6057d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sorey, M.L.","contributorId":73185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sorey","given":"M.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Colvard, E.M.","contributorId":83553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colvard","given":"E.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70019959,"text":"70019959 - 1997 - Borehole sampling of fracture populations - compensating for borehole sampling bias in crystalline bedrock aquifers, Mirror Lake, Grafton County, New Hampshire","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-12T06:05:53","indexId":"70019959","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2071,"text":"International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Borehole sampling of fracture populations - compensating for borehole sampling bias in crystalline bedrock aquifers, Mirror Lake, Grafton County, New Hampshire","docAbstract":"The clustering of orientations of hydraulically conductive fractures in bedrock at the Mirror Lake, New Hampshire fractured rock study site was investigated by comparing the orientations of fracture populations in two subvertical borehole arrays with those mapped on four adjacent subvertical roadcuts. In the boreholes and the roadcuts, the orientation of fracture populations appears very similar after borehole data are compensated for undersampling of steeply dipping fractures. Compensated borehole and pavement fracture data indicate a northeast-striking population of fractures with varying dips concentrated near that of the local foliation in the adjacent rock. The data show no correlation between fracture density (fractures/linear meter) and distance from lithologic contacts in both the boreholes and the roadcuts. The population of water-producing borehole fractures is too small (28 out of 610 fractures) to yield meaningful orientation comparisons. However, the orientation of large aperture fractures (which contains all the producing fractures) contains two or three subsidiary clusters in orientation frequency that are not evident in stereographic projections of the entire population containing all aperture sizes. Further, these subsidiary orientation clusters do not coincide with the dominant (subhorizontal and subvertical) regional fracture orientations.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier ","doi":"10.1016/S1365-1609(97)00114-7","issn":"01489062","usgsCitation":"McDonald, G., Paillet, F.L., Barton, C., and Johnson, C., 1997, Borehole sampling of fracture populations - compensating for borehole sampling bias in crystalline bedrock aquifers, Mirror Lake, Grafton County, New Hampshire: International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts, v. 34, no. 3-4, p. 239.e1-239.e12, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1365-1609(97)00114-7.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"239.e1","endPage":"239.e12","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":228303,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":206100,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0148-9062(97)00275-1"}],"volume":"34","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f21ce4b0c8380cd4afef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McDonald, G.D.","contributorId":21303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDonald","given":"G.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Paillet, Frederick L.","contributorId":63820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paillet","given":"Frederick","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barton, C.C.","contributorId":93063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barton","given":"C.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson, C. D.","contributorId":8120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"C. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70019962,"text":"70019962 - 1997 - Transport and recovery of bacteriophage PRD1 in a sand and gravel aquifer: Effect of sewage-derived organic matter","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-06T06:49:09","indexId":"70019962","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Transport and recovery of bacteriophage PRD1 in a sand and gravel aquifer: Effect of sewage-derived organic matter","docAbstract":"To test the effects of sewage-derived organic matter on virus attachment, 32P-labeled bacteriophage PRD1, linear alkylbenzene sulfonates (LAS), and tracers were injected into sewage-contaminated (suboxic, elevated organic matter) and uncontaminated (oxic, low organic matter) zones of an iron oxide-coated quartz sand and gravel aquifer on Cape Cod, MA. In the uncontaminated zone, 83% of the PRD1 were attenuated over the first meter of transport by attachment to aquifer grains. In the contaminated zone, 42% of the PRD1 were attenuated over the first meter of transport. Sewage-derived organic matter contributed to the difference in PRD1 attenuation by blocking attachment sites in the contaminated zone. At greater distances down gradient (to a total transport distance of 3.6 m), a near-constant amount of PRD1 continued to break through, suggesting that aquifer grain heterogeneities allowed a small amount of reversible attachment. Injection of an LAS mixture (25 mg L-1), a common sewage constituent, remobilized 87% of the attached PRD1 in the contaminated zone, but only 2.2% in the uncontaminated zone. LAS adsorption promoted virus recovery in the contaminated zone by altering the PRD1-surface interactions; however, the amount of LAS adsorbed was not sufficient to promote release of the attached PRD1 in the uncontaminated zone.","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es960670y","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Pieper, A., Ryan, J.N., Harvey, R.W., Amy, G., Illangasekare, T., and Metge, D., 1997, Transport and recovery of bacteriophage PRD1 in a sand and gravel aquifer: Effect of sewage-derived organic matter: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 31, no. 4, p. 1163-1170, https://doi.org/10.1021/es960670y.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1163","endPage":"1170","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":227697,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1997-03-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb743e4b08c986b327160","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pieper, A.P.","contributorId":70132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pieper","given":"A.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ryan, J. N.","contributorId":102649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryan","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harvey, Ronald W. 0000-0002-2791-8503 rwharvey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2791-8503","contributorId":564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"Ronald","email":"rwharvey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":778909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Amy, G.L.","contributorId":47098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amy","given":"G.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Illangasekare, T.H.","contributorId":45847,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Illangasekare","given":"T.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Metge, D.W.","contributorId":51477,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Metge","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70019989,"text":"70019989 - 1997 - Potential effects of climate change on aquatic ecosystems of the Great Plains of North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-26T22:55:19.393475","indexId":"70019989","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Potential effects of climate change on aquatic ecosystems of the Great Plains of North America","docAbstract":"<p>The Great Plains landscape is less topographically complex than most other regions within North America, but diverse aquatic ecosystems, such as playas, pothole lakes, ox-bow lakes, springs, groundwater aquifers, intermittent and ephemeral streams, as well as large rivers and wetlands, are highly dynamic and responsive to extreme climatic fluctuations. We review the evidence for climatic change that demonstrates the historical importance of extremes in north-south differences in summer temperatures and east-west differences in aridity across four large subregions. These physical driving forces alter density stratification, deoxygenation, decomposition and salinity. Biotic community composition and associated ecosystem processes of productivity and nutrient cycling respond rapidly to these climatically driven dynamics. Ecosystem processes also respond to cultural effects such as dams and diversions of water for irrigation, waste dilution and urban demands for drinking water and industrial uses. Distinguishing climatic from cultural effects in future models of aquatic ecosystem functioning will require more refinement in both climatic and economic forecasting. There is a need, for example, to predict how long-term climatic forecasts (based on both ENSO and global warming simulations) relate to the permanence and productivity of shallow water ecosystems. Aquatic ecologists, hydrologists, climatologists and geographers have much to discuss regarding the synthesis of available data and the design of future interdisciplinary research.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","issn":"08856087","usgsCitation":"Covich, A., Fritz, S., Lamb, P., Marzolf, R., Matthews, W., Poiani, K., Prepas, E., Richman, M., and Winter, T.C., 1997, Potential effects of climate change on aquatic ecosystems of the Great Plains of North America: Hydrological Processes, v. 11, no. 8, p. 993-1021.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"993","endPage":"1021","numberOfPages":"29","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":228149,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7ecde4b0c8380cd7a767","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Covich, A.P.","contributorId":14965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Covich","given":"A.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fritz, S.C.","contributorId":77892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fritz","given":"S.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lamb, P.J.","contributorId":19724,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamb","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Marzolf, R.D.","contributorId":39538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marzolf","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Matthews, W.J.","contributorId":70343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matthews","given":"W.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Poiani, K.A.","contributorId":52690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poiani","given":"K.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Prepas, E.E.","contributorId":57223,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prepas","given":"E.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Richman, M.B.","contributorId":32315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richman","given":"M.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Winter, T. C.","contributorId":23485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winter","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70020052,"text":"70020052 - 1997 - Ambiguity in measuring matrix diffusion with single-well injection/recovery tracer tests","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-14T06:30:57","indexId":"70020052","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ambiguity in measuring matrix diffusion with single-well injection/recovery tracer tests","docAbstract":"Single-well injection/recovery tracer tests are considered for use in characterizing and quantifying matrix diffusion in dual-porosity aquifers. Numerical modeling indicates that neither regional drift in homogeneous aquifers, nor heterogeneity in aquifers having no regional drift, nor hydrodynamic dispersion significantly affects these tests. However, when drift is coupled simultaneously with heterogeneity, they can have significant confounding effects on tracer return. This synergistic effect of drift and heterogeneity may help explain irreversible flow and inconsistent results sometimes encountered in previous single-well injection/recovery tracer tests. Numerical results indicate that in a hypothetical single-well injection/recovery tracer test designed to demonstrate and measure dual-porosity characteristics in a fractured dolomite, the simultaneous effects of drift and heterogeneity sometimes yields responses similar to those anticipated in a homogeneous dual-porosity formation. In these cases, tracer recovery could provide a false indication of the occurrence of matrix diffusion. Shortening the shut-in period between injection and recovery periods may make the test less sensitive to drift. Using multiple tracers having different diffusion characteristics, multiple tests having different pumping schedules, and testing the formation at more than one location would decrease the ambiguity in the interpretation of test data.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1997.tb00072.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Lessoff, S., and Konikow, L.F., 1997, Ambiguity in measuring matrix diffusion with single-well injection/recovery tracer tests: Ground Water, v. 35, no. 1, p. 166-176, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1997.tb00072.x.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"166","endPage":"176","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":227906,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-08-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e9aee4b0c8380cd483a9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lessoff, S.C.","contributorId":68051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lessoff","given":"S.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Konikow, Leonard F. 0000-0002-0940-3856 lkonikow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0940-3856","contributorId":158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Konikow","given":"Leonard","email":"lkonikow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":384837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70020054,"text":"70020054 - 1997 - Debris-flow initiation experiments using diverse hydrologic triggers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:19","indexId":"70020054","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Debris-flow initiation experiments using diverse hydrologic triggers","docAbstract":"Controlled debris-flow initiation experiments focused on three hydrologic conditions that can trigger slope failure: localized ground-water inflow; prolonged moderate-intensity rainfall; and high-intensity rainfall. Detailed monitoring of slope hydrology and deformation provided exceptionally complete data on conditions preceding and accompanying slope failure and debris-flow mobilization. Ground-water inflow and high-intensity sprinkling led to abrupt, complete failure whereas moderate-intensity sprinkling led to retrogressive, block-by-block failure. Failure during ground-water inflow and during moderate-intensity sprinkling occurred with a rising water table and positive pore pressures. Failure during high-intensity sprinkling occurred without widespread positive pore pressures. In all three cases, pore pressures in most locations increased dramatically (within 2-3 seconds) during failure. In some places, pressures in unsaturated materials rapidly 'flashed' from zero to elevated positive values. Transiently elevated pore pressures and partially liquefied soil enhanced debris-flow mobilization.","largerWorkTitle":"International Conference on Debris-Flow Hazards Mitigation: Mechanics, Prediction, and Assessment, Proceedings","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the 1997 1st International Conference on Debris-Flow Hazards Mitigation: Mechanics, Prediction, and Assessment","conferenceDate":"7 August 1997 through 9 August 1997","conferenceLocation":"San Francisco, CA, USA","language":"English","publisher":"ASCE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, United States","usgsCitation":"Reid, M.E., LaHusen, R.G., and Iverson, R.M., 1997, Debris-flow initiation experiments using diverse hydrologic triggers, <i>in</i> International Conference on Debris-Flow Hazards Mitigation: Mechanics, Prediction, and Assessment, Proceedings, San Francisco, CA, USA, 7 August 1997 through 9 August 1997, p. 1-11.","startPage":"1","endPage":"11","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227908,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fdfbe4b0c8380cd4ea4a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reid, Mark E. 0000-0002-5595-1503 mreid@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5595-1503","contributorId":1167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reid","given":"Mark","email":"mreid@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":384841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"LaHusen, Richard G.","contributorId":60205,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaHusen","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Iverson, Richard M. 0000-0002-7369-3819 riverson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7369-3819","contributorId":536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iverson","given":"Richard","email":"riverson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":384840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70020086,"text":"70020086 - 1997 - Dynamics of water-table fluctuations in an upland between two prairie-pothole wetlands in North Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-21T14:31:41","indexId":"70020086","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dynamics of water-table fluctuations in an upland between two prairie-pothole wetlands in North Dakota","docAbstract":"<p><span>Data from a string of instrumented wells located on an upland of 55 m width between two wetlands in central North Dakota, USA, indicated frequent changes in water-table configuration following wet and dry periods during 5 years of investigation. A seasonal wetland is situated about 1.5 m higher than a nearby semipermanent wetland, suggesting an average ground water-table gradient of 0.02. However, water had the potential to flow as ground water from the upper to the lower wetland during only a few instances. A water-table trough adjacent to the lower semipermanent wetland was the most common water-table configuration during the first 4 years of the study, but it is likely that severe drought during those years contributed to the longevity and extent of the water-table trough. Water-table mounds that formed in response to rainfall events caused reversals of direction of flow that frequently modified the more dominant water-table trough during the severe drought. Rapid and large water-table rise to near land surface in response to intense rainfall was aided by the thick capillary fringe. One of the wettest summers on record ended the severe drought during the last year of the study, and caused a larger-scale water-table mound to form between the two wetlands. The mound was short in duration because it was overwhelmed by rising stage of the higher seasonal wetland which spilled into the lower wetland. Evapotranspiration was responsible for generating the water-table trough that formed between the two wetlands. Estimation of evapotranspiration based on diurnal fluctuations in wells yielded rates that averaged 3–5 mm day</span><sup>−1</sup><span>. On many occasions water levels in wells closer to the semipermanent wetland indicated a direction of flow that was different from the direction indicated by water levels in wells farther from the wetland. Misinterpretation of direction and magnitude of gradients between ground water and wetlands could result from poorly placed or too few observation wells, and also from infrequent measurement of water levels in wells.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0022-1694(96)03050-8","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Rosenberry, D.O., and Winter, T.C., 1997, Dynamics of water-table fluctuations in an upland between two prairie-pothole wetlands in North Dakota: Journal of Hydrology, v. 191, no. 1-4, p. 266-289, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(96)03050-8.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"266","endPage":"289","numberOfPages":"24","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":227786,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":205992,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(96)03050-8"}],"volume":"191","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a043be4b0c8380cd5087a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rosenberry, Donald O. 0000-0003-0681-5641 rosenber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-5641","contributorId":1312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberry","given":"Donald","email":"rosenber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":384972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Winter, Thomas C.","contributorId":84736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winter","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70020150,"text":"70020150 - 1997 - Assessing hydrogeochemical heterogeneity in natural and constructed wetlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-13T06:49:06","indexId":"70020150","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1007,"text":"Biogeochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing hydrogeochemical heterogeneity in natural and constructed wetlands","docAbstract":"While 'water quality function' is cited as an important wetland function to design for and preserve, we demonstrate that the scale at which hydrochemical samples are collected can significantly influence interpretations of biogeochemical processes in wetlands. Subsurface, chemical profiles for both nutrients and major ions were determined at a site in southwestern Wisconsin that contained areas of both natural and constructed wetlands. Sampling was conducted on three different scales: (1) a large scale (3 m between sampling points), (2) an intermediate scale (0.15 m between sampling points), and (3) a small scale (1.5 cm between sampling points). In most cases, significant vertical heterogeneity was observed at the 0.15 m scale, which was much larger than previously reported for freshwater wetlands and not detected by sampling water table wells screened over the same interval. However, profiles of ammonia and total phosphorus showed tenfold changes in the upper 0.2 meters of the saturated zone when sampled at the small (1.5 cm) scale, that was not depicted by sampling at the intermediate scale. At the intermediate scale of observation, one constructed wetland site differed geochemically from the natural wetlands and the other constructed wetland site due to application of off-site salvaged marsh surface and downward infiltration of rain. While important differences in dissolved inorganic phosphorus and dissolved inorganic carbon concentrations existed between the constructed wetland and the natural wetlands, we also observed substantial differences between the natural wetland sites for these constituents. A median-polishing analysis of our data showed that temporal variations in constituent concentrations within profiles, although extensively recognized in the literature, were not as important as spatial variability.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1023/A:1005889319205","issn":"01682563","usgsCitation":"Hunt, R.J., Krabbenhoft, D., and Anderson, M.P., 1997, Assessing hydrogeochemical heterogeneity in natural and constructed wetlands: Biogeochemistry, v. 39, no. 3, p. 271-293, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005889319205.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"271","endPage":"293","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":206074,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005889319205"},{"id":228194,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059edd8e4b0c8380cd49a47","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hunt, R. J.","contributorId":40164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krabbenhoft, D. P. 0000-0003-1964-5020","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1964-5020","contributorId":90765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krabbenhoft","given":"D. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anderson, Marilyn P.","contributorId":102970,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Marilyn","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70020284,"text":"70020284 - 1997 - Chemical characteristics of particulate, colloidal, and dissolved organic material in Loch Vale Watershed, Rocky Mountain National Park","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-08T16:21:36","indexId":"70020284","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1007,"text":"Biogeochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chemical characteristics of particulate, colloidal, and dissolved organic material in Loch Vale Watershed, Rocky Mountain National Park","docAbstract":"The chemical relationships among particulate and colloidal organic material and dissolved fulvic acid were examined in an alpine and subalpine lake and two streams in Loch Vale Watershed, Rocky Mountain National Park. The alpine lake, Sky Pond, had the lowest dissolved organic carbon (DOC) (0.37 mgC/L), the highest particulate carbon (POC) (0.13 mgC/L), and high algal biomass. The watershed of Sky Pond is primarily talus slope, and DOC and POC may be autochthonous. Both Andrews Creek and Icy Brook gain DOC as they flow through wet sedge meadows. The subalpine lake, The Loch, receives additional organic material from the surrounding forest and had a higher DOC (0.66 mgC/L). Elemental analysis, stable carbon isotopic compositon, and 13C-NMR characterization showed that: 1) particulate material had relatively high inorganic contents and was heterogeneous in compositon, 2) colloidal material was primarily carbohydrate material with a low inorganic content at all sites; and 3) dissolved fulvic acid varied in compositon among sites. The low concentration and carbohydrate-rich character of the colloidal material suggests that this fraction is labile to microbial degradation and may be turning over more rapidly than particulate fractions or dissolved fulvic acid. Fulvic acid from Andrews Creek had the lowest N content and aromaticity, whereas Sky Pond fulvic acid had a higher N content and lower aromaticity than fulvic acid from The Loch. The UV-visible spectra of the fulvic acids demonstrate that variation in characteristics with sources of organic carbon can explain to some extent the observed nonlinear relationship between UV-B extinction coefficients and DOC concentrations in lakes.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1023/A:1005783812730","issn":"01682563","usgsCitation":"McKnight, D.M., Harnish, R., Wershaw, R., Baron, J., and Schiff, S., 1997, Chemical characteristics of particulate, colloidal, and dissolved organic material in Loch Vale Watershed, Rocky Mountain National Park: Biogeochemistry, v. 36, no. 1, p. 99-124, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005783812730.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"99","endPage":"124","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":231398,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":206965,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005783812730"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado ","otherGeospatial":"Rocky Mountain National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -106,\n              40\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.1667,\n              40\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.1667,\n              40.5833\n            ],\n            [\n              -106,\n              40.5833\n            ],\n            [\n              -106,\n              40\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"36","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f55ce4b0c8380cd4c1b9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKnight, Diane M.","contributorId":59773,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKnight","given":"Diane","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":16833,"text":"INSTAAR, University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":385641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harnish, R.","contributorId":72143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harnish","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wershaw, R.L.","contributorId":62223,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wershaw","given":"R.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Baron, Jill 0000-0002-5902-6251 jill_baron@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5902-6251","contributorId":194124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baron","given":"Jill","email":"jill_baron@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":385640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schiff, S.","contributorId":77698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schiff","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70175270,"text":"70175270 - 1997 - Spring snowmelt in the Sierra Nevada - Does a day make a difference?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-01T15:12:28.722438","indexId":"70175270","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3914,"text":"Interagency Ecological Program Newsletter","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spring snowmelt in the Sierra Nevada - Does a day make a difference?","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Interagency Ecological Program for the Sacramento–San Joaquin Estuary","usgsCitation":"Peterson, D.H., Dettinger, M.D., Cayan, D., Smith, R.E., Riddle, L., and Knowles, N., 1997, Spring snowmelt in the Sierra Nevada - Does a day make a difference?: Interagency Ecological Program Newsletter, v. 11, no. 3, p. 16-19.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"16","endPage":"19","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326060,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sierra Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -117.91625976562499,\n              35.63051198300061\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.46557617187499,\n              37.67512527892127\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.893798828125,\n              38.993572058209466\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.50903320312501,\n              39.96870074491696\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.025390625,\n              40.82212357516945\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.92626953124999,\n              40.522150985623796\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.5087890625,\n              39.198205348894795\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.58593749999999,\n              37.77071473849609\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.17968749999999,\n              36.62434536776987\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.817138671875,\n              35.7019167328534\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.71826171875,\n              35.22767235493586\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.27880859375001,\n              35.05698043137265\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.91625976562499,\n              35.63051198300061\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"11","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57a315d1e4b006cb45558ba8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peterson, D. H.","contributorId":92229,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"D.","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dettinger, M. D. 0000-0002-7509-7332","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-7332","contributorId":93069,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dettinger","given":"M.","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":16196,"text":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":644639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cayan, D.R.","contributorId":25961,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cayan","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16196,"text":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":644640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smith, R. E.","contributorId":76366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Riddle, L.","contributorId":47550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riddle","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Knowles, N.","contributorId":61212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knowles","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70019949,"text":"70019949 - 1997 - In situ stress and fracture permeability along the Stillwater fault zone, Dixie Valley Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:22","indexId":"70019949","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2071,"text":"International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"In situ stress and fracture permeability along the Stillwater fault zone, Dixie Valley Nevada","docAbstract":"Borehole televiewer and hydrologic logging and hydraulic fracturing stress measurements were carried out in a 2.7-km-deep geothermal production well (73B-7) drilled into the Stillwater fault zone. Precision temperature and spinner flowmeter logs were also acquired in well 73B-7, with and without simultaneously injecting water into the well. Localized perturbations to well-bore temperature and flow were used to identify hydraulically conductive fractures. Comparison of these data with fracture orientations from the televiewer log indicates that permeable fractures within and adjacent to the Stillwater fault zone are critically stressed, potentially active shear planes in the current west-northwest extensional stress regime at Dixie Valley.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the 1997 36th US Rock Mechanics ISRM International Symposium","conferenceDate":"29 June 1997 through 2 July 1997","conferenceLocation":"New York, NY, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Sci Ltd","publisherLocation":"Exeter, United Kingdom","doi":"10.1016/S0148-9062(97)00169-1","issn":"01489062","usgsCitation":"Hickman, S., Barton, C.A., Zoback, M.D., Morin, R., Sass, J., and Benoit, R., 1997, In situ stress and fracture permeability along the Stillwater fault zone, Dixie Valley Nevada: International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts, v. 34, no. 3-4, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0148-9062(97)00169-1.","startPage":"414","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":206054,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0148-9062(97)00169-1"},{"id":228107,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a39ace4b0c8380cd619de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hickman, S.H. 0000-0003-2075-9615","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2075-9615","contributorId":16027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hickman","given":"S.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barton, C. A.","contributorId":47097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barton","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zoback, Mark D.","contributorId":80275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zoback","given":"Mark","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Morin, R.","contributorId":6210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morin","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sass, J.","contributorId":65623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sass","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Benoit, R.","contributorId":97651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benoit","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
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