Salt marshes are valued for their ecosystem services, and their vulnerability is typically assessed through biotic and abiotic measurements at individual points on the landscape. However, lateral erosion can lead to rapid marsh loss as marshes build vertically. Marsh sediment budgets represent a spatially integrated measure of competing constructive and destructive forces: a sediment surplus may result in vertical growth and/or lateral expansion, while a sediment deficit may result in drowning and/or lateral contraction. Here we show that sediment budgets of eight microtidal marsh complexes consistently scale with areal unvegetated/vegetated marsh ratios (UVVR) suggesting these metrics are broadly applicable indicators of microtidal marsh vulnerability. All sites are exhibiting a sediment deficit, with half the sites having projected lifespans of less than 350 years at current rates of sea-level rise and sediment availability. These results demonstrate that open-water conversion and sediment deficits are holistic and sensitive indicators of salt marsh vulnerability.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/ncomms14156","usgsCitation":"Ganju, N., Defne, Z., Kirwan, M., Fagherazzi, S., D’Alpaos, A., and Carniello, L., 2017, Spatially integrative metrics reveal hidden vulnerability of microtidal salt marshes: Nature Communications, v. 8, p. 1-7, https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms14156.","productDescription":"Article 14156; 7 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"7","ipdsId":"IP-077004","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470121,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms14156","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":333908,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5889c79ae4b0ba3b075e05d9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ganju, Neil K. 0000-0002-1096-0465 nganju@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1096-0465","contributorId":140088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ganju","given":"Neil K.","email":"nganju@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":660486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Defne, Zafer 0000-0003-4544-4310 zdefne@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4544-4310","contributorId":5520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Defne","given":"Zafer","email":"zdefne@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":660487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kirwan, Matthew L. 0000-0002-0658-3038","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0658-3038","contributorId":84060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirwan","given":"Matthew L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fagherazzi, Sergio","contributorId":89282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fagherazzi","given":"Sergio","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"D’Alpaos, Andrea","contributorId":34247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"D’Alpaos","given":"Andrea","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Carniello, Luca","contributorId":178688,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carniello","given":"Luca","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70180126,"text":"70180126 - 2017 - Spectral wave dissipation by submerged aquatic vegetation in a back-barrier estuary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-22T14:50:33","indexId":"70180126","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2620,"text":"Limnology and Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spectral wave dissipation by submerged aquatic vegetation in a back-barrier estuary","docAbstract":"Submerged aquatic vegetation is generally thought to attenuate waves, but this interaction remains poorly characterized in shallow-water field settings with locally generated wind waves. Better quantification of wave–vegetation interaction can provide insight to morphodynamic changes in a variety of environments and also is relevant to the planning of nature-based coastal protection measures. Toward that end, an instrumented transect was deployed across a Zostera marina (common eelgrass) meadow in Chincoteague Bay, Maryland/Virginia, U.S.A., to characterize wind-wave transformation within the vegetated region. Field observations revealed wave-height reduction, wave-period transformation, and wave-energy dissipation with distance into the meadow, and the data informed and calibrated a spectral wave model of the study area. The field observations and model results agreed well when local wind forcing and vegetation-induced drag were included in the model, either explicitly as rigid vegetation elements or implicitly as large bed-roughness values. Mean modeled parameters were similar for both the explicit and implicit approaches, but the spectral performance of the explicit approach was poor compared to the implicit approach. The explicit approach over-predicted low-frequency energy within the meadow because the vegetation scheme determines dissipation using mean wavenumber and frequency, in contrast to the bed-friction formulations, which dissipate energy in a variable fashion across frequency bands. Regardless of the vegetation scheme used, vegetation was the most important component of wave dissipation within much of the study area. These results help to quantify the influence of submerged aquatic vegetation on wave dynamics in future model parameterizations, field efforts, and coastal-protection measures.
","language":"English","publisher":"ASLO","doi":"10.1002/lno.10456","usgsCitation":"Nowacki, D.J., Beudin, A., and Ganju, N., 2017, Spectral wave dissipation by submerged aquatic vegetation in a back-barrier estuary: Limnology and Oceanography, v. 62, no. 2, p. 736-753, https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.10456.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"736","endPage":"753","ipdsId":"IP-074582","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470116,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.10456","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":333910,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"62","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5889c79ae4b0ba3b075e05db","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nowacki, Daniel J. 0000-0002-7015-3710 dnowacki@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7015-3710","contributorId":174586,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nowacki","given":"Daniel","email":"dnowacki@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":660424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beudin, Alexis 0000-0001-9525-9450 abeudin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9525-9450","contributorId":5751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beudin","given":"Alexis","email":"abeudin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":660425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ganju, Neil K. 0000-0002-1096-0465 nganju@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1096-0465","contributorId":140088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ganju","given":"Neil K.","email":"nganju@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":660426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70180159,"text":"70180159 - 2017 - Enhanced Al and Zn removal from coal-mine drainage during rapid oxidation and precipitation of Fe oxides at near-neutral pH","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-25T12:55:52","indexId":"70180159","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Enhanced Al and Zn removal from coal-mine drainage during rapid oxidation and precipitation of Fe oxides at near-neutral pH","docAbstract":"Net-alkaline, anoxic coal-mine drainage containing ∼20 mg/L FeII and ∼0.05 mg/L Al and Zn was subjected to parallel batch experiments: control, aeration (Aer 1 12.6 mL/s; Aer 2 16.8 mL/s; Aer 3 25.0 mL/s), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to test the hypothesis that aeration increases pH, FeII oxidation, hydrous FeIII oxide (HFO) formation, and trace-metal removal through adsorption and coprecipitation with HFO. During 5.5-hr field experiments, pH increased from 6.4 to 6.7, 7.1, 7.6, and 8.1 for the control, Aer 1, Aer 2, and Aer 3, respectively, but decreased to 6.3 for the H2O2 treatment. Aeration accelerated removal of dissolved CO2, Fe, Al, and Zn. In Aer 3, dissolved Al was completely removed within 1 h, but increased to ∼20% of the initial concentration after 2.5 h when pH exceeded 7.5. H2O2 promoted rapid removal of all dissolved Fe and Al, and 13% of dissolved Zn.
Kinetic modeling with PHREEQC simulated effects of aeration on pH, CO2, Fe, Zn, and Al. Aeration enhanced Zn adsorption by increasing pH and HFO formation while decreasing aqueous CO2 available to form ZnCO30 and Zn(CO3)22− at high pH. Al concentrations were inconsistent with solubility control by Al minerals or Al-containing HFO, but could be simulated by adsorption on HFO at pH < 7.5 and desorption at higher pH where Al(OH)4− was predominant. Thus, aeration or chemical oxidation with pH adjustment to ∼7.5 could be effective for treating high-Fe and moderate-Zn concentrations, whereas chemical oxidation without pH adjustment may be effective for treating high-Fe and moderate-Al concentrations.
","language":"English","publisher":"International Association of Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry","publisherLocation":"Oxford","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2016.12.019","usgsCitation":"Burrows, J.E., Cravotta, C., and Peters, S.C., 2017, Enhanced Al and Zn removal from coal-mine drainage during rapid oxidation and precipitation of Fe oxides at near-neutral pH: Applied Geochemistry, v. 78, p. 194-210, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2016.12.019.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"194","endPage":"210","ipdsId":"IP-079591","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470119,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2016.12.019","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":333911,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","otherGeospatial":"Oak Hill Boreholes","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.38570785522461,\n 40.677904184859585\n ],\n [\n -76.38570785522461,\n 40.72631561468468\n ],\n [\n -76.30159378051758,\n 40.72631561468468\n ],\n [\n -76.30159378051758,\n 40.677904184859585\n ],\n [\n -76.38570785522461,\n 40.677904184859585\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"78","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5889c799e4b0ba3b075e05d7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burrows, Jill E.","contributorId":149323,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burrows","given":"Jill","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":16160,"text":"Lehigh University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":660537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cravotta, Charles A. 0000-0003-3116-4684 cravotta@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3116-4684","contributorId":178696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cravotta","given":"Charles A. ","email":"cravotta@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":660536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Peters, Stephen C.","contributorId":149324,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peters","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":16160,"text":"Lehigh University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":660538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70181027,"text":"70181027 - 2017 - Integrating Radarsat-2, Lidar, and Worldview-3 Imagery to maximize detection of forested inundation extent in the Delmarva Peninsula, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-11T15:47:02","indexId":"70181027","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3250,"text":"Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integrating Radarsat-2, Lidar, and Worldview-3 Imagery to maximize detection of forested inundation extent in the Delmarva Peninsula, USA","docAbstract":"Natural variability in surface-water extent and associated characteristics presents a challenge to gathering timely, accurate information, particularly in environments that are dominated by small and/or forested wetlands. This study mapped inundation extent across the Upper Choptank River Watershed on the Delmarva Peninsula, occurring within both Maryland and Delaware. We integrated six quad-polarized Radarsat-2 images, Worldview-3 imagery, and an enhanced topographic wetness index in a random forest model. Output maps were filtered using light detection and ranging (lidar)-derived depressions to maximize the accuracy of forested inundation extent. Overall accuracy within the integrated and filtered model was 94.3%, with 5.5% and 6.0% errors of omission and commission for inundation, respectively. Accuracy of inundation maps obtained using Radarsat-2 alone were likely detrimentally affected by less than ideal angles of incidence and recent precipitation, but were likely improved by targeting the period between snowmelt and leaf-out for imagery collection. Across the six Radarsat-2 dates, filtering inundation outputs by lidar-derived depressions slightly elevated errors of omission for water (+1.0%), but decreased errors of commission (−7.8%), resulting in an average increase of 5.4% in overall accuracy. Depressions were derived from lidar datasets collected under both dry and average wetness conditions. Although antecedent wetness conditions influenced the abundance and total area mapped as depression, the two versions of the depression datasets showed a similar ability to reduce error in the inundation maps. Accurate mapping of surface water is critical to predicting and monitoring the effect of human-induced change and interannual variability on water quantity and quality.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/rs9020105","usgsCitation":"Vanderhoof, M.K., Distler, H., Mendiola, D.A., and Lang, M., 2017, Integrating Radarsat-2, Lidar, and Worldview-3 Imagery to maximize detection of forested inundation extent in the Delmarva Peninsula, USA: Remote Sensing, v. 9, no. 105, rs9020105; 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9020105.","productDescription":"rs9020105; 25 p.","ipdsId":"IP-079678","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":461783,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9020105","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":335163,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Delaware, Maryland","otherGeospatial":"Delmarva Peninsula, Upper Choptank River watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.1,\n 38.5\n ],\n [\n -76.1,\n 39.1\n ],\n [\n -75.5,\n 39.1\n ],\n [\n -75.5,\n 38.5\n ],\n [\n -76.1,\n 38.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"9","issue":"105","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"589ffecde4b099f50d3e042a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vanderhoof, Melanie K. 0000-0002-0101-5533 mvanderhoof@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0101-5533","contributorId":168395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vanderhoof","given":"Melanie","email":"mvanderhoof@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":663370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Distler, Hayley 0000-0001-5006-1360 hdistler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5006-1360","contributorId":179359,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Distler","given":"Hayley","email":"hdistler@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":663371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mendiola, Di Ana","contributorId":179360,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mendiola","given":"Di","email":"","middleInitial":"Ana","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":663372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lang, Megan","contributorId":156431,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lang","given":"Megan","affiliations":[{"id":7261,"text":"Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":663373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70177879,"text":"ofr20161171 - 2017 - Water quality and bed sediment quality in the Albemarle Sound, North Carolina, 2012–14","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-23T11:15:32","indexId":"ofr20161171","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-23T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2016-1171","title":"Water quality and bed sediment quality in the Albemarle Sound, North Carolina, 2012–14","docAbstract":"The Albemarle Sound region was selected in 2012 as one of two demonstration sites in the Nation to test and improve the design of the National Water Quality Monitoring Council’s National Monitoring Network (NMN) for U.S. Coastal Waters and Tributaries. The goal of the NMN for U.S. Coastal Waters and Tributaries is to provide information about the health of our oceans, coastal ecosystems, and inland influences on coastal waters for improved resource management. The NMN is an integrated, multidisciplinary, and multi-organizational program using multiple sources of data and information to augment current monitoring programs.
This report presents and summarizes selected water-quality and bed sediment-quality data collected as part of the demonstration project conducted in two phases. The first phase was an occurrence and distribution study to assess nutrients, metals, pesticides, cyanotoxins, and phytoplankton communities in the Albemarle Sound during the summer of 2012 at 34 sites in Albemarle Sound, nearby sounds, and various tributaries. The second phase consisted of monthly sampling over a year (March 2013 through February 2014) to assess seasonality in a more limited set of constituents including nutrients, cyanotoxins, and phytoplankton communities at a subset (eight) of the sites sampled in the first phase. During the summer of 2012, few constituent concentrations exceeded published water-quality thresholds; however, elevated levels of chlorophyll a and pH were observed in the northern embayments and in Currituck Sound. Chlorophyll a, and metals (copper, iron, and zinc) were detected above a water-quality threshold. The World Health Organization provisional guideline based on cyanobacterial density for high recreational risk was exceeded in approximately 50 percent of water samples collected during the summer of 2012. Cyanobacteria capable of producing toxins were present, but only low levels of cyanotoxins below human health benchmarks were detected. Finally, 12 metals in surficial bed sediments were detected at levels above a published sediment-quality threshold. These metals included chromium, mercury, copper, lead, arsenic, nickel, and cadmium. Sites with several metal concentrations above the respective thresholds had relatively high concentrations of organic carbon or fine sediment (silt plus clay), or both and were predominantly located in the western and northwestern parts of the Albemarle Sound.
Results from the second phase were generally similar to those of the first in that relatively few constituents exceeded a water-quality threshold, both pH and chlorophyll a were detected above the respective water-quality thresholds, and many of these elevated concentrations occurred in the northern embayments and in Currituck Sound. In contrast to the results from phase one, the cyanotoxin, microcystin was detected at more than 10 times the water-quality threshold during a phytoplankton bloom on the Chowan River at Mount Gould, North Carolina in August of 2013. This was the only cyanotoxin concentration measured during the entire study that exceeded a respective water-quality threshold.
The information presented in this report can be used to improve understanding of water-quality conditions in the Albemarle Sound, particularly when evaluating causal and response variables that are indicators of eutrophication. In particular, this information can be used by State agencies to help develop water-quality criteria for nutrients, and to understand factors like cyanotoxins that may affect fisheries and recreation in the Albemarle Sound region.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161171","usgsCitation":"Moorman, M.C., Fitzgerald, S.A., Gurley, L.N., Rhoni-Aref, Ahmed, and Loftin, K.A., 2017, Water quality and bed sediment quality in the Albemarle Sound, North Carolina, 2012–14: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016–1171, 46 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161171. ","productDescription":"Report: viii, 46 p.; Appendixes 1-4; Data release","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-063224","costCenters":[{"id":476,"text":"North Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333448,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1171/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":333449,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1171/ofr20161171.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.70 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1171"},{"id":333450,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1171/downloads/ofr20161171_appendix1.xls","text":"Appendix 1 - ","size":"262 KB (xls)","linkHelpText":"Quality Control Results"},{"id":333451,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1171/downloads/ofr20161171_appendix2.xls","text":"Appendix 2 - ","size":"287 KB 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U.S. Geological Survey
720 Gracern Road
Stephenson Center, Suite 129
Columbia, SC 29210
https://www2.usgs.gov/water/southatlantic/
Semi-arid rangelands are important carbon (C) pools at global scales. However, the degree of net C storage or release in water-limited systems is a function of precipitation amount and timing, as well as plant community composition. In northern latitudes of western North America, C storage in cold-desert ecosystems could increase with boosts in wintertime precipitation, in which climate models predict, due to increases in wintertime soil water storage that enhance summertime productivity. However, there are few long-term, manipulative field-based studies investigating how rangelands will respond to altered precipitation amount or timing. We measured aboveground C pools and fluxes at leaf, soil, and ecosystem scales over a single growing season in plots that had 200 mm of supplemental precipitation added in either winter or summer for the past 21 years, in shrub- and exotic-bunchgrass-dominated garden plots. At our cold-desert site (298 mm precipitation during the study year), we hypothesized that increased winter precipitation would stimulate the aboveground C uptake and storage relative to ambient conditions, especially in plots containing shrubs. Our hypotheses were generally supported: ecosystem C uptake and long-term biomass accumulation were greater in winter- and summer-irrigated plots compared to control plots in both vegetation communities. However, substantial increases in the aboveground biomass occurred only in winter-irrigated plots that contained shrubs. Our findings suggest that increases in winter precipitation will enhance C storage of this widespread ecosystem, and moreso in shrub- compared to grass-dominated communities.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00442-017-3814-7","usgsCitation":"McAbee, K., Reinhardt, K., Germino, M., and Bosworth, A., 2017, Response of aboveground carbon balance to long-term, experimental enhancements in precipitation seasonality is contingent on plant community type in cold-desert rangelands: Oecologia, v. 183, no. 3, p. 861-874, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-017-3814-7.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"861","endPage":"874","ipdsId":"IP-074577","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333689,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Idaho National Laboratory","volume":"183","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58863a10e4b0cad700058b53","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McAbee, Kathryn","contributorId":178542,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McAbee","given":"Kathryn","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reinhardt, Keith","contributorId":178543,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reinhardt","given":"Keith","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Germino, Matthew J. 0000-0001-6326-7579 mgermino@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6326-7579","contributorId":152582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Germino","given":"Matthew J.","email":"mgermino@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":659656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bosworth, Andrew","contributorId":178544,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bosworth","given":"Andrew","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70181006,"text":"70181006 - 2017 - Potentially exploitable supercritical geothermal resources in the ductile crust","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-11T18:01:49","indexId":"70181006","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2845,"text":"Nature Geoscience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Potentially exploitable supercritical geothermal resources in the ductile crust","docAbstract":"The hypothesis that the brittle–ductile transition (BDT) drastically reduces permeability implies that potentially exploitable geothermal resources (permeability >10−16 m2) consisting of supercritical water could occur only in rocks with unusually high transition temperatures such as basalt. However, tensile fracturing is possible even in ductile rocks, and some permeability–depth relations proposed for the continental crust show no drastic permeability reduction at the BDT. Here we present experimental results suggesting that the BDT is not the first-order control on rock permeability, and that potentially exploitable resources may occur in rocks with much lower BDT temperatures, such as the granitic rocks that comprise the bulk of the continental crust. We find that permeability behaviour for fractured granite samples at 350–500 °C under effective confining stress is characterized by a transition from a weakly stress-dependent and reversible behaviour to a strongly stress-dependent and irreversible behaviour at a specific, temperature-dependent effective confining stress level. This transition is induced by onset of plastic normal deformation of the fracture surface (elastic–plastic transition) and, importantly, causes no ‘jump’ in the permeability. Empirical equations for this permeability behaviour suggest that potentially exploitable resources exceeding 450 °C may form at depths of 2–6 km even in the nominally ductile crust.
","language":"English","publisher":"Macmillan","doi":"10.1038/NGEO2879","usgsCitation":"Watanabe, N., Numakura, T., Sakaguchi, K., Saishu, H., Okamoto, A., Ingebritsen, S.E., and Tsuchiya, N., 2017, Potentially exploitable supercritical geothermal resources in the ductile crust: Nature Geoscience, v. 10, p. 140-144, https://doi.org/10.1038/NGEO2879.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"140","endPage":"144","ipdsId":"IP-077060","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":335180,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"589ffecee4b099f50d3e042e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Watanabe, Noriaki","contributorId":179218,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Watanabe","given":"Noriaki","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":663165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Numakura, Tatsuya","contributorId":179219,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Numakura","given":"Tatsuya","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":663166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sakaguchi, Kiyotoshi","contributorId":179220,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sakaguchi","given":"Kiyotoshi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":663167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Saishu, Hanae","contributorId":179221,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Saishu","given":"Hanae","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":663168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Okamoto, Atsushi","contributorId":179222,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Okamoto","given":"Atsushi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":663169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ingebritsen, Steven E. 0000-0001-6917-9369 seingebr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6917-9369","contributorId":818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingebritsen","given":"Steven","email":"seingebr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":663164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Tsuchiya, Noriyoshi","contributorId":179223,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tsuchiya","given":"Noriyoshi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":663170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70182246,"text":"70182246 - 2017 - Quantifying geomorphic change at ephemeral stream restoration sites using a coupled-model approach","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-22T12:45:54","indexId":"70182246","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1801,"text":"Geomorphology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying geomorphic change at ephemeral stream restoration sites using a coupled-model approach","docAbstract":"Rock-detention structures are used as restoration treatments to engineer ephemeral stream channels of southeast Arizona, USA, to reduce streamflow velocity, limit erosion, retain sediment, and promote surface-water infiltration. Structures are intended to aggrade incised stream channels, yet little quantified evidence of efficacy is available. The goal of this 3-year study was to characterize the geomorphic impacts of rock-detention structures used as a restoration strategy and develop a methodology to predict the associated changes. We studied reaches of two ephemeral streams with different watershed management histories: one where thousands of loose-rock check dams were installed 30 years prior to our study, and one with structures constructed at the beginning of our study. The methods used included runoff, sediment transport, and geomorphic modelling and repeat terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) surveys to map landscape change. Where discharge data were not available, event-based runoff was estimated using KINEROS2, a one-dimensional kinematic-wave runoff and erosion model. Discharge measurements and estimates were used as input to a two-dimensional unsteady flow-and-sedimentation model (Nays2DH) that combined a gridded flow, transport, and bed and bank simulation with geomorphic change. Through comparison of consecutive DEMs, the potential to substitute uncalibrated models to analyze stream restoration is introduced. We demonstrate a new approach to assess hydraulics and associated patterns of aggradation and degradation resulting from the construction of check-dams and other transverse structures. Notably, we find that stream restoration using rock-detention structures is effective across vastly different timescales.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2017.01.017","usgsCitation":"Norman, L.M., Sankey, J.B., Dean, D.J., Caster, J.J., DeLong, S.B., Henderson-DeLong, W., and Pelletier, J.D., 2017, Quantifying geomorphic change at ephemeral stream restoration sites using a coupled-model approach: Geomorphology, v. 283, p. 1-16, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2017.01.017.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"16","ipdsId":"IP-078626","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470125,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2017.01.017","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":335960,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Bone Creek subwatershed, Turkey Pen subwatershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109.478759765625,\n 31.80289258670676\n ],\n [\n -109.31396484375,\n 31.80289258670676\n ],\n [\n -109.31396484375,\n 31.910204597744382\n ],\n [\n -109.478759765625,\n 31.910204597744382\n ],\n [\n -109.478759765625,\n 31.80289258670676\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.81634521484375,\n 31.5504526754715\n ],\n [\n -110.65155029296875,\n 31.5504526754715\n ],\n [\n -110.65155029296875,\n 31.7141494098071\n ],\n [\n -110.81634521484375,\n 31.7141494098071\n ],\n [\n -110.81634521484375,\n 31.5504526754715\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"283","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58aeb13ae4b01ccd54f9ee14","chorus":{"doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2017.01.017","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2017.01.017","publisher":"Elsevier BV","authors":"Norman Laura M., Sankey Joel B., Dean David, Caster Joshua, DeLong Stephen, DeLong Whitney, Pelletier Jon D.","journalName":"Geomorphology","publicationDate":"4/2017","publiclyAccessibleDate":"1/20/2017"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Norman, Laura M. 0000-0002-3696-8406 lnorman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3696-8406","contributorId":967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norman","given":"Laura","email":"lnorman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":670207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sankey, Joel B. 0000-0003-3150-4992 jsankey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3150-4992","contributorId":3935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sankey","given":"Joel","email":"jsankey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":670208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dean, David J. 0000-0003-0203-088X djdean@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0203-088X","contributorId":131047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dean","given":"David","email":"djdean@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":670209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Caster, Joshua J. 0000-0002-2858-1228 jcaster@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2858-1228","contributorId":131114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caster","given":"Joshua","email":"jcaster@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":670210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"DeLong, Stephen B. 0000-0002-0945-2172 sdelong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0945-2172","contributorId":5240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeLong","given":"Stephen","email":"sdelong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":670211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Henderson-DeLong, Whitney","contributorId":182018,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Henderson-DeLong","given":"Whitney","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":670212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Pelletier, Jon D.","contributorId":22657,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pelletier","given":"Jon","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":670213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70198614,"text":"70198614 - 2017 - Geology of Seattle, a field trip","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-13T15:29:30.630202","indexId":"70198614","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-20T17:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5478,"text":"Geological Society of America Field Guides","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":24}},"seriesNumber":"49","chapter":"1","title":"Geology of Seattle, a field trip","docAbstract":"Seattle’s geologic record begins with Eocene deposition of fluvial arkosic sandstone and associated volcanic rocks of the Puget Group, perhaps during a time of regional strike-slip faulting, followed by late Eocene and Oligocene marine deposition of the Blakeley Formation in the Cascadia forearc. Older Quaternary deposits are locally exposed.
Most of the city is underlain by up to 100 m of glacial drift deposited during the Vashon stade of Fraser glaciation, 18–15 cal k.y. B.P. Vashon Drift includes lacustrine clay and silt of the Lawton Clay, lacustrine and fluvial sand of the Esperance Sand, and concrete-like Vashon till. Mappable till is absent over much of the area of the Vashon Drift. Peak local ice thickness was 900 m. Isostatic response to this brief ice loading was significant. Upon deglaciation, global ice-equivalent sea level was about −100 m and local RSL (relative sea level) was 15–20 m, suggesting a total isostatic depression of ~115–120 m at Seattle. Subsequent rapid rebound outstripped global sea-level rise to result in a newly recognized marine low-stand shoreline at −50 m.
The Seattle fault is a north-verging thrust or reverse fault with ~7.5 km of throw. Conglomeratic Miocene strata may record initiation of shortening. Field relations indicate that fault geometry has evolved through three phases. At present, the north-verging master fault is blind, whereas several surface-rupturing faults above the master fault are south verging. The 900–930 A.D. Restoration Point earthquake raised a 5 km × 35 km (or larger) area as much as 7 m. The marine low-stand shoreline is offset by a similar amount, thus there has been only one such earthquake in the last ~11 k.y.
Geomorphology is largely glacial: an outwash plain decorated with ice-molded flutes and large, anastomosing tunnel valleys carved by water flowing beneath the ice sheet. Euro-Americans initially settled here because of landscape features formed by uplift in the Restoration Point earthquake. But steep slopes and tide flats were not conducive to commerce: starting in the 1890s and ending in the 1920s, extensive regrading removed hills, decreased slopes, and filled low areas.
In steep slopes the glacial stratigraphy is prone to landslides when saturated by unusually wet winters. Seismic hazards comprise moderately large (M 7) earthquakes in the Benioff zone 50 km and more beneath the city, demi-millennial M 9 events on the subduction zone to the west, and infrequent local crustal earthquakes (M 7) that are likely to be devastating because of their proximity. Seismic shaking and consequent liquefaction are of particular concern in Pioneer Square, SoDo, and lower Duwamish neighborhoods, which are largely built on unengineered fill that was placed over estuarine mud. Debris from past Mount Rainier lahars has reached the lower Duwamish valley and a future large lahar could pose a sedimentation hazard.
Topock Marsh is a 1,637-hectare (4,045-acre) wetland adjacent to the Colorado River near Needles, California, and a main feature of Havasu National Wildlife Refuge (NWR). The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation, began construction of an infrastructure improvement project in 2010 to increase the efficiency of water use and to help protect the habitats and species found within the Havasu NWR. During construction, normal water delivery from the Colorado River into Topock Marsh through the Inlet Canal was restricted, which resulted in unusually low water elevations in 2011. The U.S. Geological Survey, commissioned by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, undertook the investigation of the water quality and aquatic flora and fauna during the low water conditions. Subsequently, water elevations in the marsh returned to more normal elevations after the new concrete-lined Fire Break Canal became fully operational in January 2012.
The U.S. Geological Survey made 11 field trips to the Havasu NWR between July 2011 and October 2014 to assess the effects of the temporary low water conditions and the change of inflow location (from the Inlet Canal to the Fire Break Canal) on water quality and aquatic habitat. The following conditions were monitored: water quality, sediment and plant chemistry, phytoplankton, zooplankton, aquatic macro-invertebrates, and emergent and submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV). Water-quality and biota data collected during 2013–14 were then compared with data collected during the 2011–12 low water period.
Once the new Fire Break Canal became operational and Colorado River water flowed regularly into the marsh, concentrations of several water quality parameters decreased (for example, specific conductance, total dissolved solids, turbidity, chlorophyll a, and total and organic nitrogen), and phytoplankton abundance was reduced at the upstream sampling stations (TP-3, TP-2, and TP-6); the water flow pushed water with higher concentrations of these components downstream (measured at TP-8). The upstream sampling locations in 2013–14 had decreased turbidity, therefore more SAV biomass accumulated, especially in shallow areas with water depths of ≤1.0 meter (≤3.3 feet). However, the furthest downstream station had higher turbidity caused by both the suspension of autochthonous sediment and high phytoplankton density and biovolume. This higher turbidity resulted in minimal SAV growth, especially in the deeper water (>1.0 meter [>3.3 feet]). Emergent vegetation not only survived the low water conditions of 2011, but expanded its areal coverage and subsequently thrived in the higher water elevations.
Overall, no immediate critically negative consequences were detected for aquatic fauna or flora that could be attributd unequivocally to the effect of low water levels. Concentrations of nutrient and trace elements in all water samples were below wildlife toxicity thresholds as established by Arizona Department of Environmental Quality. Three nonnative species were discovered shortly after the Fire Break Canal went into operation. Of the three, gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum) and Eurasian watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum) increased substantially in numbers from 2011–14, but quagga mussels (Dreissena bugensis) did not increase. Future monitoring will determine the long-term impact of the new flow regime
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161195","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service–Region 2–National Wildlife Refuge System, the Havasu National Wildlife Refuge, and the Desert Landscape Conservation Cooperative","usgsCitation":"Daniels, J.S., and Haegele, J.C., 2017, Assessment of ecosystem response to a temporary water level drawdown and subsequent refilling at Topock Marsh, Arizona—July 2011–October 2014: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016–1195, 93 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161195.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 92 p.; Appendixes 1-2","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-051540","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333180,"rank":7,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1195/ofr20161195_Appendix2_2014_Topock_Marsh_Fish_Survey_AGFD.pdf","text":"Appendix 2-2014 Topock Marsh Fish Survey AGFD","size":"116 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1195 Appendix 2 2014"},{"id":333171,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1195/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":333179,"rank":6,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1195/ofr20161195_Appendix2_2013_Topock_Marsh_Fish_Survey_AGFD.pdf","text":"Appendix 2-2013 Topock Marsh Fish Survey AGFD","size":"28.0 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1195 Appendix 2 2013"},{"id":333175,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1195/ofr20161195_Appendix 1-Reclamation_longterm_WQ_data_1983-2015.xlsx","text":"Appendix 1-Reclamation longterm WQ data 1983-2015","size":"120 kB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"OFR 2016-1195 Appendix 1"},{"id":333172,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1195/ofr20161195.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.48 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1195"},{"id":333181,"rank":8,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1195/ofr20161195_Appendix2_2015_Topock_Marsh_Fish_Survey_AGFD.pdf","text":"Appendix 2-2015 Topock Marsh Fish Survey AGFD","size":"120 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1195 Appendix 2 2015"},{"id":333176,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1195/ofr20161195_Appendix2_2010-2011-Topock_Marsh_Fish_Surveys_AGFD.pdf","text":"Appendix 2-2010-2011 Topock Marsh Fish Surveys AGFD","size":"20.0 kb","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1195 Appendix 2 2010-2011"},{"id":333178,"rank":5,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1195/ofr20161195_Appendix2_2012_Topock_Marsh_Fish_Survey_AGFD.pdf","text":"Appendix 2-2012 Topock Marsh Fish Survey AGFD","size":"24.0 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1195 Appendix 2 2012"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Topock Marsh","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.5625,\n 34.844444\n ],\n [\n -114.5625,\n 34.733333\n ],\n [\n -114.466667,\n 34.733333\n ],\n [\n -114.466667,\n 34.844444\n ],\n [\n -114.5625,\n 34.844444\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Center Director, USGS Fort Collins Science Center
2150 Centre Ave., Bldg. C
Fort Collins, CO 80526-8118
An improved understanding of groundwater flow and radionuclide migration downgradient from underground nuclear-testing areas at Pahute Mesa, Nevada National Security Site, requires accurate subsurface hydraulic characterization. To improve conceptual models of flow and transport in the complex hydrogeologic system beneath Pahute Mesa, the U.S. Geological Survey characterized bulk hydraulic properties of volcanic rocks using an integrated analysis of 16 multiple-well aquifer tests. Single-well aquifer-test analyses provided transmissivity estimates at pumped wells. Transmissivity estimates ranged from less than 1 to about 100,000 square feet per day in Pahute Mesa and the vicinity. Drawdown from multiple-well aquifer testing was estimated and distinguished from natural fluctuations in more than 200 pumping and observation wells using analytical water-level models. Drawdown was detected at distances greater than 3 miles from pumping wells and propagated across hydrostratigraphic units and major structures, indicating that neither faults nor structural blocks noticeably impede or divert groundwater flow in the study area.
Consistent hydraulic properties were estimated by simultaneously interpreting drawdown from the 16 multiple-well aquifer tests with an integrated groundwater-flow model composed of 11 well-site models—1 for each aquifer test site. Hydraulic properties were distributed across volcanic rocks with the Phase II Pahute Mesa-Oasis Valley Hydrostratigraphic Framework Model. Estimated hydraulic-conductivity distributions spanned more than two orders of magnitude in hydrostratigraphic units. Overlapping hydraulic conductivity ranges among units indicated that most Phase II Hydrostratigraphic Framework Model units were not hydraulically distinct. Simulated total transmissivity ranged from 1,600 to 68,000 square feet per day for all pumping wells analyzed. High-transmissivity zones exceeding 10,000 square feet per day exist near caldera margins and extend along the northern and eastern Pahute Mesa study area and near the southwestern edge of the study area. The estimated hydraulic-property distributions and observed hydraulic connections among geologic structures improved the characterization and representation of groundwater flow at Pahute Mesa.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20165151","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration Nevada Site Office, Office of Environmental Management under Interagency Agreement, DE-NA0001654","usgsCitation":"Garcia, C.A., Jackson, T.R., Halford, K.J., Sweetkind, D.S., Damar, N.A., Fenelon, J.M., and Reiner, S.R., 2017, Hydraulic characterization of volcanic rocks in Pahute Mesa using an Integrated Analysis of 16 multiple-well aquifer tests, Nevada National Security Site, 2009–14: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2016-5151, 62 p.,\nhttps://doi.org/10.3133/sir20165151.","productDescription":"Report: x, 61 p.; Appendixes 1-3; Data Releases; Read Me","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-069140","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333002,"rank":3,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5151/sir20165151_readme.pdf","text":"Appendix readme","size":"415 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":333000,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5151/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":333003,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5151/sir20165151_appendixes.zip","text":"Appendixes 1-3","size":"28 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}},{"id":333001,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5151/sir20165151.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5151 report PDF"},{"id":333140,"rank":5,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F76H4FJQ","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release ","linkHelpText":"MODFLOW-2005 and PEST models used to simulate multiple-well aquifer tests and characterize hydraulic properties of volcanic rocks in Pahute Mesa, Nevada"},{"id":333141,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7Z60M6H","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release ","linkHelpText":"Supplemental data from: Hydraulic characterization of volcanic rocks in Pahute Mesa using an integrated analysis of 16 multiple-well aquifer tests, Nevada National Security Site, 2009–14"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Nevada National Security Site","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.633333,\n 37.283333\n ],\n [\n -116.633333,\n 36.966667\n ],\n [\n -116.45,\n 36.966667\n ],\n [\n -116.45,\n 37.283333\n ],\n [\n -116.633333,\n 37.283333\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Nevada Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2730 N. Deer Run Rd.
Carson City, NV 89701
http://nevada.usgs.gov/
Petroleum production data are usually stored in a format that makes it easy to determine the year and month production started, if there are any breaks, and when production ends. However, in some cases, you may want to compare production runs where the start of production for all wells starts at month one regardless of the year the wells started producing. This report describes the JAVA program the U.S. Geological Survey developed to examine water-to-oil and water-to-gas ratios in the form of month 1, month 2, and so on with the objective of estimating quantities of water and proppant used in low-permeability petroleum production. The text covers the data used by the program, the challenges with production data, the program logic for checking the quality of the production data, and the program logic for checking the completeness of the data.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161204","usgsCitation":"Varela, B.A., Haines, S.S., and Gianoutsos, N.J., 2017, Data cleaning methodology for monthly water-to-oil and water-to-gas production ratios in continuous resource assessments: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016–1204, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161204.","productDescription":"Report: ii, 11 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-069302","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333339,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1204/ofr20161204.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.26 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1204"},{"id":333343,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7TD9VG7","text":"USGS Data Release","description":"OFR 2016-1204 USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":" Data cleaning methodology source code—Creating water-to-oil and water-to-gas ratios in sequence from start of production using the IHS PIDM database"},{"id":333337,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1204/coverthb2.jpg"}],"contact":"Center Director, USGS Central Energy Resources Science Center
Box 25046, Mail Stop 939
Denver, CO 80225
Since the original publication of the Death Valley regional groundwater flow system (DVRFS) numerical model in 2004, more information on the regional groundwater flow system in the form of new data and interpretations has been compiled. Cooperators such as the Bureau of Land Management, National Park Service, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the Department of Energy, and Nye County, Nevada, recognized a need to update the existing regional numerical model to maintain its viability as a groundwater management tool for regional stakeholders. The existing DVRFS numerical flow model was converted to MODFLOW-2005, updated with the latest available data, and recalibrated. Five main data sets were revised: (1) recharge from precipitation varying in time and space, (2) pumping data, (3) water-level observations, (4) an updated regional potentiometric map, and (5) a revision to the digital hydrogeologic framework model.
The resulting DVRFS version 2.0 (v. 2.0) numerical flow model simulates groundwater flow conditions for the Death Valley region from 1913 to 2003 to correspond to the time frame for the most recently published (2008) water-use data. The DVRFS v 2.0 model was calibrated by using the Tikhonov regularization functionality in the parameter estimation and predictive uncertainty software PEST. In order to assess the accuracy of the numerical flow model in simulating regional flow, the fit of simulated to target values (consisting of hydraulic heads and flows, including evapotranspiration and spring discharge, flow across the model boundary, and interbasin flow; the regional water budget; values of parameter estimates; and sensitivities) was evaluated. This evaluation showed that DVRFS v. 2.0 simulates conditions similar to DVRFS v. 1.0. Comparisons of the target values with simulated values also indicate that they match reasonably well and in some cases (boundary flows and discharge) significantly better than in DVRFS v. 1.0.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20165150","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management, National Park Service, U.S. Department of Energy National Nuclear Security Administration (Interagency Agreement DE–AI52–01NV13944), and Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management (Interagency Agreement DE–AI28–02RW12167), U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and Nye County, Nevada","usgsCitation":"Belcher, W.R., Sweetkind, D.S., Faunt, C.C., Pavelko, M.T., and Hill, M.C., 2017, An update of the Death Valley regional groundwater flow system transient model, Nevada and California: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2016-5150, 74 p., 1 pl. https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20165150","productDescription":"Report: x, 74 p.; Plate: 18 x 26 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-045053","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333413,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5150/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":333414,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5150/sir20165150.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5150 Report PDF"},{"id":333415,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5150/sir20165150_plate.pdf","text":"Plate 1","size":"5.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5150 Plate 1"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Death Valley regional groundwater flow system","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118,\n 35\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 38.25\n ],\n [\n -115,\n 38.25\n ],\n [\n -115,\n 35\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 35\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Nevada Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2730 N. Deer Run Rd.
Carson City, NV 89701
http://nevada.usgs.gov/
As part of the ZERT program, sediments from two wells at the ZERT site, located in Bozeman, Montana, USA were reacted with a solution having the composition of local groundwater. A total of 50 water samples were collected from 7 containers placed for 15 days in a glove box with one atmosphere of CO2 to investigate detailed changes in the concentrations of major, minor and trace inorganic compounds, and to compare these with changes observed in groundwater at the ZERT site following CO2 injection. Laboratory results included rapid changes in pH (8.6 to 5.7), alkalinity (243 to 1295 mg/L as HCO3), electrical conductance (539 to 1822 μS/cm), Ca (28 to 297 mg/L), Mg (18 to 63 mg/L), Fe (5 to 43 μg/L) and Mn (2 to 837 μg/L) following CO2 injection. These chemical changes, which are in general agreement with those obtained from sampling the ZERT monitoring wells, could provide early detection of CO2 leakage into shallow groundwater. Dissolution of calcite, some dolomite and minor Mn-oxides, and desorption/ion exchange are likely the main geochemical processes responsible for the observed changes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.proeps.2016.12.043","usgsCitation":"Kharaka, Y.K., Thordsen, J., Abedini, A.A., Beers, S., and Thomas, B., 2017, Changes in the Chemistry of Groundwater Reacted with CO2: Comparison of Laboratory Results with the ZERT Field Pilot: Procedia Earth and Planetary Science, v. 17, p. 241-244, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeps.2016.12.043.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"241","endPage":"244","ipdsId":"IP-078040","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470131,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeps.2016.12.043","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":333489,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5881ded1e4b01192927d9f69","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kharaka, Yousif K. 0000-0001-9861-8260 ykharaka@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9861-8260","contributorId":1928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kharaka","given":"Yousif","email":"ykharaka@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":658934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thordsen, James J. jthordsn@usgs.gov","contributorId":3329,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thordsen","given":"James J.","email":"jthordsn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":658935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Abedini, Atosa A.","contributorId":69668,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Abedini","given":"Atosa","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6672,"text":"former: USGS Southwest Biological Science Center, Colorado Plateau Research Station, Flagstaff, AZ. Current address: TN-SCORE, Univ of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, e-mail: jennen@gmail.com","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":658936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Beers, Sarah","contributorId":178450,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beers","given":"Sarah","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Thomas, Burt","contributorId":178451,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thomas","given":"Burt","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70179846,"text":"70179846 - 2017 - Projected impacts of climate, urbanization, water management, and wetland restoration on waterbird habitat in California’s Central Valley","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-08T13:32:47","indexId":"70179846","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Projected impacts of climate, urbanization, water management, and wetland restoration on waterbird habitat in California’s Central Valley","docAbstract":"The Central Valley of California is one of the most important regions for wintering waterbirds in North America despite extensive anthropogenic landscape modification and decline of historical wetlands there. Like many other mediterranean-climate ecosystems across the globe, the Central Valley has been subject to a burgeoning human population and expansion and intensification of agricultural and urban development that have impacted wildlife habitats. Future effects of urban development, changes in water supply management, and precipitation and air temperature related to global climate change on area of waterbird habitat in the Central Valley are uncertain, yet potentially substantial. Therefore, we modeled area of waterbird habitats for 17 climate, urbanization, water supply management, and wetland restoration scenarios for years 2006–2099 using a water resources and scenario modeling framework. Planned wetland restoration largely compensated for adverse effects of climate, urbanization, and water supply management changes on habitat areas through 2065, but fell short thereafter for all except one scenario. Projected habitat reductions due to climate models were more frequent and greater than under the recent historical climate and their magnitude increased through time. After 2065, area of waterbird habitat in all scenarios that included severe warmer, drier climate was projected to be >15% less than in the “existing” landscape most years. The greatest reduction in waterbird habitat occurred in scenarios that combined warmer, drier climate and plausible water supply management options affecting priority and delivery of water available for waterbird habitats. This scenario modeling addresses the complexity and uncertainties in the Central Valley landscape, use and management of related water supplies, and climate to inform waterbird habitat conservation and other resource management planning. Results indicate that increased wetland restoration and additional conservation and climate change adaptation strategies may be warranted to maintain habitat adequate to support waterbirds in the Central Valley.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLoS ONE","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0169780","usgsCitation":"Matchett, E., and Fleskes, J.P., 2017, Projected impacts of climate, urbanization, water management, and wetland restoration on waterbird habitat in California’s Central Valley: PLoS ONE, v. 12, no. 1, e0169780; 23 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0169780.","productDescription":"e0169780; 23 p.","ipdsId":"IP-080857","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470129,"rank":3,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0169780","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":333436,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":334996,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7H13050","text":"Data for projected impacts of climate, urbanization, water management, and wetland restoration on waterbird habitat in California’s Central Valley"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Central Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.89306640624999,\n 40.329795743702064\n ],\n [\n -122.135009765625,\n 38.039438891821746\n ],\n [\n -119.454345703125,\n 34.985003130171066\n ],\n [\n -118.77319335937499,\n 34.903952965590065\n ],\n [\n -118.57543945312501,\n 35.18278813800229\n ],\n [\n -118.80615234374999,\n 36.20882309283712\n ],\n [\n -119.91577148437499,\n 37.431250501793585\n ],\n [\n -121.212158203125,\n 38.89958342598271\n ],\n [\n -121.761474609375,\n 40.12009038025332\n ],\n [\n -122.18994140624999,\n 40.66397287638688\n ],\n [\n -122.89306640624999,\n 40.329795743702064\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5881ded1e4b01192927d9f6b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Matchett, Elliott 0000-0001-5095-2884 ematchett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5095-2884","contributorId":5541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matchett","given":"Elliott","email":"ematchett@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":658927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fleskes, Joseph P. 0000-0001-5388-6675 joe_fleskes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5388-6675","contributorId":177154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleskes","given":"Joseph","email":"joe_fleskes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":658926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70178696,"text":"ofr20161201 - 2017 - Water-quality, bed-sediment, and biological data (October 2014 through September 2015) and statistical summaries of data for streams in the Clark Fork Basin, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-19T15:29:54","indexId":"ofr20161201","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2016-1201","title":"Water-quality, bed-sediment, and biological data (October 2014 through September 2015) and statistical summaries of data for streams in the Clark Fork Basin, Montana","docAbstract":"Water, bed sediment, and biota were sampled in selected streams from Butte to near Missoula, Montana, as part of a monitoring program in the upper Clark Fork Basin of western Montana. The sampling program was led by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, to characterize aquatic resources in the Clark Fork Basin, with emphasis on trace elements associated with historic mining and smelting activities. Sampling sites were located on the Clark Fork and selected tributaries. Water samples were collected periodically at 20 sites from October 2014 through September 2015. Bed-sediment and biota samples were collected once at 13 sites during August 2015.
This report presents the analytical results and quality-assurance data for water-quality, bed-sediment, and biota samples collected at sites from October 2014 through September 2015. Water-quality data include concentrations of selected major ions, trace elements, and suspended sediment. At 12 sites, samples for analysis of dissolved organic carbon and turbidity were collected. In addition, samples for analysis of nitrogen (nitrate plus nitrite) were collected at two sites. Daily values of mean suspended-sediment concentration and suspended-sediment discharge were determined for three sites. Seasonal daily values of turbidity were determined for four sites. Bed-sediment data include trace-element concentrations in the fine-grained fraction. Biological data include trace-element concentrations in whole-body tissue of aquatic benthic insects. Statistical summaries of water-quality, bed-sediment, and biological data for sites in the upper Clark Fork Basin are provided for the period of record.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161201","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Dodge, K.A., Hornberger, M.I., and Turner, M.A., 2017, Water-quality, bed-sediment, and biological data (October 2014 through September 2015) and statistical summaries of data for streams in the Clark Fork Basin, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016–1201, 122 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161201.","productDescription":"vi, 122 p.","numberOfPages":"132","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-078474","costCenters":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333419,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1201/ofr20161201.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.09 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016–1201"},{"id":333418,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1201/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Clark Fork Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114,\n 45.75\n ],\n [\n -114,\n 47\n ],\n [\n -112,\n 47\n ],\n [\n -112,\n 45.75\n ],\n [\n -114,\n 45.75\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
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As part of the National Water Availability and Use Program established by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in 2005, this study took advantage of about 14 million records from State-managed collections of water-well drillers’ records and created a database of hydrogeologic properties for the glaciated United States. The water-well drillers’ records were standardized to be relatively complete and error-free and to provide consistent variables and naming conventions that span all State boundaries.
Maps and geospatial grids were developed for (1) total thickness of glacial deposits, (2) total thickness of coarse-grained deposits, (3) specific-capacity based transmissivity and hydraulic conductivity, and (4) texture-based estimated equivalent horizontal and vertical hydraulic conductivity and transmissivity. The information included in these maps and grids is required for most assessments of groundwater availability, in addition to having applications to studies of groundwater flow and transport. The texture-based estimated equivalent horizontal and vertical hydraulic conductivity and transmissivity were based on an assumed range of hydraulic conductivity values for coarse- and fine-grained deposits and should only be used with complete awareness of the methods used to create them. However, the maps and grids of texture-based estimated equivalent hydraulic conductivity and transmissivity may be useful for application to areas where a range of measured values is available for re-scaling.
Maps of hydrogeologic information for some States are presented as examples in this report but maps and grids for all States are available electronically at the project Web site (USGS Glacial Aquifer System Groundwater Availability Study, http://mi.water.usgs.gov/projects/WaterSmart/Map-SIR2015-5105.html) and the Science Base Web site, https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/58756c7ee4b0a829a3276352.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155105","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Water Availability and Use Program and the National Water-Quality Assessment Program","usgsCitation":"Bayless, E.R., Arihood, L.D., Reeves, H.W., Sperl, B.J.S., Qi, S.L., Stipe, V.E., and Bunch, A.R., 2017, Maps and grids of hydrogeologic information created from standardized water-well drillers’ records of the glaciated United States: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015–5105, 34 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20155105.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 34 p.; Data Release","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-060057","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333107,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5105/sir20155105.pdf","text":"Report","size":"10.4 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5957 Lakeside Blvd
Indianapolis, IN 46278
Phone: (317) 290-3333
https://in.water.usgs.gov/
Groundwater provides more than 40 percent of California’s drinking water. To protect this vital resource, the State of California created the Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment (GAMA) Program. The Priority Basin Project of the GAMA Program provides a comprehensive assessment of the State’s groundwater quality and increases public access to groundwater-quality information. The shallow aquifers of the Tulare, Kaweah, and Tule groundwater basins and adjacent highlands areas of the southern San Joaquin Valley constitute one of the study units being evaluated.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20173001","collaboration":"U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2017–3001 January 2017 U.S. Geological Survey and the California State Water Resources Control Board","usgsCitation":"Fram, Miranda, 2017, Groundwater quality in the shallow aquifers of the Tulare, Kaweah, and Tule Groundwater Basins and adjacent highlands areas, Southern San Joaquin Valley, California: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2017-3001, 4 p.","productDescription":"Report: 4 p.; Data Release","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-079416","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438451,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7BP00W8","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Groundwater-Quality Data in the Tule-Tulare-Highlands-Kaweah Shallow Aquifer Study Unit, 2014-2015"},{"id":333354,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2017/3001/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":333355,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2017/3001/fs20173001.pdf","text":"Report","size":"937 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2017-3001 PDF"},{"id":333363,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F7BP00W8","text":"USGS data release: ","linkHelpText":" Groundwater-quality data in the Tulare Shallow Aquifer study unit, California GAMA Priority Basin Project"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Joaquin Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 35.5\n ],\n [\n -118.5,\n 35.5\n ],\n [\n -118.5,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 37\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"GAMA Project Chief
U.S. Geological Survey
California Water Science Center
6000 J Street, Placer Hall
Sacramento, CA 95819
Telephone number: (916) 278-3000
WEB: http://ca.water.usgs.gov/gama
Within Voyageurs National Park in Minnesota, lake levels are controlled by a series of dams to support a variety of uses. Previous research indicates a link between these artificially maintained water levels, referred to as rule curves, and mercury concentrations in fish owing to the drying and rewetting of wetlands and other nearshore areas, which may release methylmercury into the water when inundated. The U.S. Geological Survey, National Park Service, and University of Wisconsin-La Crosse cooperated in a study to assess the importance of lake-level fluctuation and other factors affecting mercury concentrations in Perca flavescens (yellow perch) in the lakes of Voyageurs National Park. For this study, mercury body burdens were determined for young-of-the-year yellow perch collected from the large lakes within Voyageurs National Park during 2013–15. These mercury body burdens were compared to lake levels and water-quality constituents from the same period.
Field properties and profiles of lake water quality indicated that Sand Point, Little Vermilion, and Crane Lakes were anoxic at times near the lake bottom sediments, where sulfate-reducing bacteria may convert mercury to methylmercury. The median dissolved sulfate concentration was highest in Crane Lake, the median total organic carbon concentration was highest in Sand Point Lake, and the median total phosphorus concentration was highest in Kabetogama Lake, all of which is consistent with previous research. All lakes had median chlorophyll a concentrations of 3.6 micrograms per liter or less with the exception of Kabetogama Lake, where the median concentrations were 4.3 micrograms per liter for the midlake sites and 7.1 micrograms per liter and 9.0 micrograms per liter for the nearshore sites.
Mercury concentrations in sampled fish varied widely between years and among lakes, from 14.7 nanograms per gram in fish samples from Kabetogama Lake in 2015 to 178 nanograms per gram in fish samples from Crane Lake in 2014. Data from this study can be combined with ongoing hydrologic modeling studies to evaluate trends in the mercury body burden of fish and different water-level management scenarios prescribed by the 2000 Rule Curves and the 1970 Rule Curves.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20165175","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service and the University of Wisconsin-La Crosse","usgsCitation":"Christensen, V.G., Larson, J.H., Maki, R.P., Sandheinrich, M.B., Brigham, M.E., Kissane, Claire, and LeDuc, J.F., 2017, Lake levels and water quality in comparison to fish mercury body burdens, Voyageurs National Park, Minnesota, 2013–15: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2016–5175, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20165175.","productDescription":"iv, 17 p.","numberOfPages":"26","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-079622","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333068,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5175/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":333069,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5175/sir20165175.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.35 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Sir 2016–5175"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","otherGeospatial":"Voyageurs National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.13934326171875,\n 48.25942712329832\n ],\n [\n -93.13934326171875,\n 48.647427805533546\n ],\n [\n -92.39227294921875,\n 48.647427805533546\n ],\n [\n -92.39227294921875,\n 48.25942712329832\n ],\n [\n -93.13934326171875,\n 48.25942712329832\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Minnesota Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2280 Woodale Drive
Mounds View, MN 55112
We collected soil-hydraulic property data from the literature for wildfire-affected soils, ash, and unburned soils. These data were used to calculate metrics and timescales of hydrologic response related to infiltration and surface runoff generation. Sorptivity (S) and wetting front potential (Ψf) were significantly different (lower) in burned soils compared with unburned soils, whereas field-saturated hydraulic conductivity (Kfs) was not significantly different. The magnitude and duration of the influence of capillarity during infiltration was greatly reduced in burned soils, causing faster ponding times in response to rainfall. Ash had large values of S and Kfs but moderate values of Ψf, compared with unburned and burned soils, indicating ash has long ponding times in response to rainfall. The ratio of S2/Kfs was nearly constant (~100 mm) for unburned soils but more variable in burned soils, suggesting that unburned soils have a balance between gravity and capillarity contributions to infiltration that may depend on soil organic matter, whereas in burned soils the gravity contribution to infiltration is greater. Changes in S and Kfs in burned soils act synergistically to reduce infiltration and accelerate and amplify surface runoff generation. Synthesis of these findings identifies three key areas for future research. First, short timescales of capillary influences on infiltration indicate the need for better measurements of infiltration at times less than 1 min to accurately characterize S in burned soils. Second, using parameter values, such as Ψf, from unburned areas could produce substantial errors in hydrologic modeling when used without adjustment for wildfire effects, causing parameter compensation and resulting underestimation of Kfs. Third, more thorough measurement campaigns that capture soil-structural changes, organic matter impacts, quantitative water repellency trends, and soil-water content along with soil-hydraulic properties could drive the development of better techniques for numerically simulating infiltration in burned areas.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.10998","usgsCitation":"Ebel, B.A., and Moody, J.A., 2017, Synthesis of soil-hydraulic properties and infiltration timescales in wildfire-affected soils: Hydrological Processes, v. 31, no. 2, p. 324-340, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10998.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"324","endPage":"340","ipdsId":"IP-078817","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333232,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-11-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"587f3bdbe4b0d96de2564535","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ebel, Brian A. 0000-0002-5413-3963 bebel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5413-3963","contributorId":2557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ebel","given":"Brian","email":"bebel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":658484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moody, John A. 0000-0003-2609-364X jamoody@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2609-364X","contributorId":771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moody","given":"John","email":"jamoody@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":658485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70179766,"text":"70179766 - 2017 - Sparse targets in hydroacoustic surveys: Balancing quantity and quality of in situ target strength data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-17T14:30:46","indexId":"70179766","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1661,"text":"Fisheries Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sparse targets in hydroacoustic surveys: Balancing quantity and quality of in situ target strength data","docAbstract":"Hydroacoustic sampling of low-density fish in shallow water can lead to low sample sizes of naturally variable target strength (TS) estimates, resulting in both sparse and variable data. Increasing maximum beam compensation (BC) beyond conventional values (i.e., 3 dB beam width) can recover more targets during data analysis; however, data quality decreases near the acoustic beam edges. We identified the optimal balance between data quantity and quality with increasing BC using a standard sphere calibration, and we quantified the effect of BC on fish track variability, size structure, and density estimates of Lake Erie walleye (Sander vitreus). Standard sphere mean TS estimates were consistent with theoretical values (−39.6 dB) up to 18-dB BC, while estimates decreased at greater BC values. Natural sources (i.e., residual and mean TS) dominated total fish track variation, while contributions from measurement related error (i.e., number of single echo detections (SEDs) and BC) were proportionally low. Increasing BC led to more fish encounters and SEDs per fish, while stability in size structure and density were observed at intermediate values (e.g., 18 dB). Detection of medium to large fish (i.e., age-2+ walleye) benefited most from increasing BC, as proportional changes in size structure and density were greatest in these size categories. Therefore, when TS data are sparse and variable, increasing BC to an optimal value (here 18 dB) will maximize the TS data quantity while limiting lower-quality data near the beam edges.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.fishres.2016.12.020","usgsCitation":"DuFour, M., Mayer, C.M., Kocovsky, P., Qian, S., Warner, D.M., Kraus, R.T., and Vandergoot, C., 2017, Sparse targets in hydroacoustic surveys: Balancing quantity and quality of in situ target strength data: Fisheries Research, v. 188, p. 173-182, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2016.12.020.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"173","endPage":"182","ipdsId":"IP-073392","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470134,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2016.12.020","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":333261,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Ohio","otherGeospatial":"Lake Erie","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.5455322265625,\n 41.31288691435732\n ],\n [\n -83.5455322265625,\n 42.1613675328748\n ],\n [\n -82.342529296875,\n 42.1613675328748\n ],\n [\n -82.342529296875,\n 41.31288691435732\n ],\n [\n -83.5455322265625,\n 41.31288691435732\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"188","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"587f3bd9e4b0d96de256452f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DuFour, Mark R.","contributorId":36451,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DuFour","given":"Mark R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mayer, Christine M.","contributorId":50814,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mayer","given":"Christine","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kocovsky, Patrick 0000-0003-4325-4265 pkocovsky@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4325-4265","contributorId":150837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kocovsky","given":"Patrick","email":"pkocovsky@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":658604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Qian, Song","contributorId":36400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Qian","given":"Song","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Warner, David M. 0000-0003-4939-5368 dmwarner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4939-5368","contributorId":2986,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warner","given":"David","email":"dmwarner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":658607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kraus, Richard T. 0000-0003-4494-1841 rkraus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4494-1841","contributorId":2609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kraus","given":"Richard","email":"rkraus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":658601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Vandergoot, Christopher 0000-0003-4128-3329 cvandergoot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4128-3329","contributorId":178356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vandergoot","given":"Christopher","email":"cvandergoot@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":658606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70176845,"text":"sir20165141 - 2017 - Automated identification of stream-channel geomorphic features from high‑resolution digital elevation models in West Tennessee watersheds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-17T10:01:10","indexId":"sir20165141","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2016-5141","title":"Automated identification of stream-channel geomorphic features from high‑resolution digital elevation models in West Tennessee watersheds","docAbstract":"High-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) derived from light detection and ranging (lidar) enable investigations of stream-channel geomorphology with much greater precision than previously possible. The U.S. Geological Survey has developed the DEM Geomorphology Toolbox, containing seven tools to automate the identification of sites of geomorphic instability that may represent sediment sources and sinks in stream-channel networks. These tools can be used to modify input DEMs on the basis of known locations of stormwater infrastructure, derive flow networks at user-specified resolutions, and identify possible sites of geomorphic instability including steep banks, abrupt changes in channel slope, or areas of rough terrain. Field verification of tool outputs identified several tool limitations but also demonstrated their overall usefulness in highlighting likely sediment sources and sinks within channel networks. In particular, spatial clusters of outputs from multiple tools can be used to prioritize field efforts to assess and restore eroding stream reaches.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20165141","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Southwest Tennessee Development District","usgsCitation":"Cartwright, J.M., and Diehl, T.H., 2017, Automated identification of stream-channel geomorphic features from high‑resolution digital elevation models in West Tennessee watersheds: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2016–5141, 44 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20165141.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 44 p.","numberOfPages":"56","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-069614","costCenters":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333061,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5141/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":333062,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5141/sir20165141.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.65 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016–5141"}],"country":"United States","state":"Tennessee","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.7167,\n 35.488209890395495\n ],\n [\n -88.7167,\n 35.5333\n ],\n [\n -88.65,\n 35.5333\n ],\n [\n -88.65,\n 35.488209890395495\n ],\n [\n -88.7167,\n 35.488209890395495\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
540 Grassmere Park, Suite 100
Nashville, Tennessee 37211
Indium is an increasingly important metal in semiconductors and electronics and has uses in important energy technologies such as photovoltaic cells and light-emitting diodes (LEDs). One significant flux of indium to the environment is from lead, zinc, copper, and tin mining and smelting, but little is known about its aqueous behavior after it is mobilized. In this study, we use Mineral Creek, a headwater stream in southwestern Colorado severely affected by heavy metal contamination as a result of acid mine drainage, as a natural laboratory to study the aqueous behavior of indium. At the existing pH of ~ 3, indium concentrations are 6–29 μg/L (10,000 × those found in natural rivers), and are completely filterable through a 0.45 μm filter. During a pH modification experiment, the pH of the system was raised to > 8, and > 99% of the indium became associated with the suspended solid phase (i.e. does not pass through a 0.45 μm filter). To determine the mechanism of removal of indium from the filterable and likely primarily dissolved phase, we conducted laboratory experiments to determine an upper bound for a sorption constant to iron oxides, and used this, along with other published thermodynamic constants, to model the partitioning of indium in Mineral Creek. Modeling results suggest that the removal of indium from the filterable phase is consistent with precipitation of indium hydroxide from a dissolved phase. This work demonstrates that nonferrous mining processes can be a significant source of indium to the environment, and provides critical information about the aqueous behavior of indium.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.08.136","usgsCitation":"White, S., Hussain, F.A., Hemond, H.F., Sacco, S.A., Shine, J.P., Runkel, R.L., Walton-Day, K., and Kimball, B.A., 2017, The precipitation of indium at elevated pH in a stream influenced by acid mine drainage: Science of the Total Environment, v. 574, p. 1484-1491, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.08.136.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1484","endPage":"1491","ipdsId":"IP-052032","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333234,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","volume":"574","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"587f3bdbe4b0d96de2564537","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"White, Sarah Jane O.","contributorId":178311,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"White","given":"Sarah Jane O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hussain, Fatima A.","contributorId":178312,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hussain","given":"Fatima","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hemond, Harold F.","contributorId":34673,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hemond","given":"Harold","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":13299,"text":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":658468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sacco, Sarah A.","contributorId":178313,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sacco","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shine, James P.","contributorId":178314,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shine","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Runkel, Robert L. 0000-0003-3220-481X runkel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3220-481X","contributorId":685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runkel","given":"Robert","email":"runkel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":658465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Walton-Day, Katherine 0000-0002-9146-6193 kwaltond@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9146-6193","contributorId":1245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walton-Day","given":"Katherine","email":"kwaltond@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":658469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kimball, Briant A. bkimball@usgs.gov","contributorId":533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kimball","given":"Briant","email":"bkimball@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":658470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ]}