Tectonic compression has created abnormally high pressure on deep basinal fluids causing their expulsion from areally exposed Upper Cretaceous rock along the eastern margin of the California Coast ranges. The fluids emerge as near-neutral, perennial sodium chloride springs at high elevations with flow rates as high as 10 L per min. Higher spring discharges are more common around the exposure of a west-vergent fault propagation fold axis. Spring waters range from ~1000 to 27,000 mg/L TDS. The least saline water (
Bicarbonate and SiO2 concentrations show an inverse correlation with Cl, with most waters being saturated or slightly oversaturated with calcite and quartz at the discharge temperatures. Some freshwater springs with near-meteoric stable isotope values may represent mixing of young groundwater from perched aquifers, but in many cases, the freshwater springs emerge along the same structures and have the same perennial nature as the saline fluids, and expulsion of an older fresh groundwater component that is under abnormal fluid pressures cannot be ruled out. Basinal fluids elsewhere commonly show dilution trends with local meteoric water, and in the case of the Rumsey Hills, some of the dilute saline waters may indicate deep penetration of meteoric water (> 1 km) in the Pleistocene before the latest tectonic uplift.
Geothermometry of the spring waters (maximum ~90°C) suggest an origin from as deep as 4.0 km. This depth is consistent with the depth of the core of a fault propagation anticline below the surface of the Rumsey Hills developed by active internal deformation of an east-tapering wedge beneath the southwestern Sacramento Valley. Active tectonic compression causes near-lithostatic fluid pressures in the shallow subsurface below the Rumsey Hills and volume strain within the core of the anticline that results in upward expulsion of the saline fluids from the indicated depths.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(94)90530-4","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Davisson, M., Presser, T.S., and Criss, R., 1994, Geochemistry of tectonically expelled fluids from the northern Coast ranges, Rumsey Hills, California, USA: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 58, no. 7, p. 1687-1699, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(94)90530-4.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1687","endPage":"1699","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224812,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Capay Valley, Rumsey Hills","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.83116906852135,\n 40.11316663404756\n ],\n [\n -122.83116906852135,\n 39.22739587633049\n ],\n [\n -122.1748189799561,\n 39.22739587633049\n ],\n [\n -122.1748189799561,\n 40.11316663404756\n ],\n [\n -122.83116906852135,\n 40.11316663404756\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"58","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1718e4b0c8380cd5539d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davisson, M.L.","contributorId":62277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davisson","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Presser, T. S.","contributorId":93875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Presser","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Criss, R.E.","contributorId":10075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Criss","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70180361,"text":"70180361 - 1994 - Biological monitoring of environmental quality: The use of developmental instability","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-30T08:58:54","indexId":"70180361","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2255,"text":"Journal of Environmental Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Biological monitoring of environmental quality: The use of developmental instability","docAbstract":"Distributed robustness is thought to influence the buffering of random phenotypic variation through the scale-free topology of gene regulatory, metabolic, and protein-protein interaction networks. If this hypothesis is true, then the phenotypic response to the perturbation of particular nodes in such a network should be proportional to the number of links those nodes make with neighboring nodes. This suggests a probability distribution approximating an inverse power-law of random phenotypic variation. Zero phenotypic variation, however, is impossible, because random molecular and cellular processes are essential to normal development. Consequently, a more realistic distribution should have a y-intercept close to zero in the lower tail, a mode greater than zero, and a long (fat) upper tail. The double Pareto-lognormal (DPLN) distribution is an ideal candidate distribution. It consists of a mixture of a lognormal body and upper and lower power-law tails.
","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Freeman, D., Emlen, J., Graham, J., Hough, R.A., and Bannon, T., 1994, Biological monitoring of environmental quality: The use of developmental instability: Journal of Environmental Engineering, v. 4, p. 6-11.","productDescription":"6 p. ","startPage":"6","endPage":"11","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334223,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"588c6ab2e4b08c8121c909a8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Freeman, D.C.","contributorId":21309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freeman","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Emlen, J.M.","contributorId":63979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Emlen","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Graham, J.H.","contributorId":77322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graham","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hough, R. A.","contributorId":176555,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hough","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bannon, T.A.","contributorId":178859,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bannon","given":"T.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70180365,"text":"70180365 - 1994 - System-wide significance of predation on juvenile salmonids in Columbia and Snake River reservoirs and evaluation of predation control measures","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-27T14:49:07","indexId":"70180365","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"System-wide significance of predation on juvenile salmonids in Columbia and Snake River reservoirs and evaluation of predation control measures","docAbstract":"No abstract available
","language":"English","publisher":"Bonneville Power Administration","publisherLocation":"Portland, OR","usgsCitation":"Gadomski, D., and Poe, T., 1994, System-wide significance of predation on juvenile salmonids in Columbia and Snake River reservoirs and evaluation of predation control measures.","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334228,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"588c6aa9e4b08c8121c90982","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gadomski, D.M.","contributorId":37101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gadomski","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Poe, T.P.","contributorId":51687,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poe","given":"T.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70180351,"text":"70180351 - 1994 - Assessing smoltification of juvenile spring Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha using changes in body morphology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-14T17:11:20","indexId":"70180351","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing smoltification of juvenile spring Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha using changes in body morphology","docAbstract":"A morphometric measure of smoltification of juvenile spring chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) was developed and evaluated. Fish were collected from hatcheries in Washington and Idaho prior to release and at McNary Dam on the Columbia River during their downstream migration. Distances between 15 anatomical landmarks were digitized from photographs of each fish resulting in 34 morphometric characters for analysis. The canonical variate calculated from a discriminant function based on several principal components was evaluated as a measure of smoltification. The canonical variate was significantly correlated with gill Na+–K+ ATPase activity, a commonly used measure of smoltification. Measuring the morphometric characters and calculating the canonical variate is a relatively simple procedure and can be performed with little harm to the fish. This method of smoltification assessment may be ideally suited to studies in which sacrificing fish is not possible, such as those involving threatened or endangered species, or when access to a laboratory for sample analysis is not available.
","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/f94-082","usgsCitation":"Beeman, J., Rondorf, D., and Tilson, M., 1994, Assessing smoltification of juvenile spring Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha using changes in body morphology: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 51, no. 4, p. 836-844, https://doi.org/10.1139/f94-082.","productDescription":"9 p. ","startPage":"836","endPage":"844","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334202,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"51","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"588c6aa9e4b08c8121c90992","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beeman, J.W.","contributorId":32646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beeman","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rondorf, D.W.","contributorId":80789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rondorf","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":661341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tilson, M.E.","contributorId":178811,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tilson","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":21029,"text":"ofr94237 - 1994 - Analytical results from a greenhouse study of sagebrush grown in soils containing Carlin ore","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:54","indexId":"ofr94237","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-237","title":"Analytical results from a greenhouse study of sagebrush grown in soils containing Carlin ore","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr94237","usgsCitation":"Stewart, K.C., McKown, D.M., and Fey, D., 1994, Analytical results from a greenhouse study of sagebrush grown in soils containing Carlin ore: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-237, 14 p. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr94237.","productDescription":"14 p. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":154383,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0237/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":50620,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0237/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c9cb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stewart, K. C.","contributorId":46519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":183709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McKown, D. M.","contributorId":71973,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKown","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":183710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fey, D.L.","contributorId":44537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fey","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":183708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70180368,"text":"70180368 - 1994 - Nearshore habitat use by subyearling Chinook salmon in the Columbia and Snake Rivers. Annual report 1993","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-27T15:03:44","indexId":"70180368","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Nearshore habitat use by subyearling Chinook salmon in the Columbia and Snake Rivers. Annual report 1993","docAbstract":"No abstract available
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","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Mounds View, MN","doi":"10.3133/ofr93373","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","usgsCitation":"Smith, S.E., and Hult, M.F., 1994, Crude-oil spill research project near Bemidji, Minnesota - Bibliography, 1984-1994: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 93-373, i, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr93373.","productDescription":"i, 15 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":155380,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0373/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":50543,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0373/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad0e4b07f02db6808fa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, S. E.","contributorId":46120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":183581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hult, M. F.","contributorId":29817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hult","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":183580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":44360,"text":"ofr9414A - 1994 - Principal facts for gravity data in the Bethel and Russian Mission 1 degree x 3 degrees quadrangles, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-08-15T16:57:52.224709","indexId":"ofr9414A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-14","chapter":"A","title":"Principal facts for gravity data in the Bethel and Russian Mission 1 degree x 3 degrees quadrangles, Alaska","docAbstract":"Bethel and Russian Mission 1° x 3° quadrangles are located in southwestern Alaska near the mouth of the Kuskokwim River. The Russian Mission quadrangle now has about 266 gravity stations and the Bethel quadrangle has about 485 gravity stations.
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H.","contributorId":16382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mehnert","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Naeser, C. W.","contributorId":17582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naeser","given":"C.","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Snee, L.W.","contributorId":99981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snee","given":"L.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cunningham, C. G.","contributorId":76741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cunningham","given":"C.","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Steven, T. A.","contributorId":42575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steven","given":"T.","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Anderson, J. J.","contributorId":85620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Sable, E.G.","contributorId":67076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sable","given":"E.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Anderson, R.E.","contributorId":91479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70180354,"text":"70180354 - 1994 - Northern squawfish Ptychochelius oregonensis, O2 consumption rate: Effects of temperature and body size","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-27T13:58:45","indexId":"70180354","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Northern squawfish Ptychochelius oregonensis, O2 consumption rate: Effects of temperature and body size","docAbstract":"Northern squawfish, Ptychocheilus oregonensis (live weight range 0.361–1.973 kg), O2consumption was measured with temperature-controlled, flow-through respirometers for >24 h. Mean standard O2 consumption rate of northern squawfish increased with acclimation temperature: 24.3, 49.1, 75.0, and 89.4 mg∙kg−0.67∙h−1 at 9, 15, 18, and 21 °C, respectively. Q10analysis showed that O2 consumption rate temperature sensitivity was greatest at the intermediate acclimation temperatures (15–18 °C, Q10 = 4.10), moderate at the lower acclimation temperatures (9–15 °C, Q10 = 3.23), and lowest at the higher acclimation temperatures (18–21 °C, Q10 = 1.80). Overall Q10 was 2.96 (9–21 °C). Body size (W, grams) and temperature (T, degrees Celcius) were related to O2 consumption (![\"\"](\"http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/na101/home/literatum/publisher/nrc/journals/content/cjfas/1994/cjfas5101/f94-002/production/images/medium/f94-002c1.gif\")
, grams per gram per day) by ![\"\"](\"http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/na101/home/literatum/publisher/nrc/journals/content/cjfas/1994/cjfas5101/f94-002/production/images/medium/f94-002c2.gif\")
W−0.285∙e0.105T. Northern squawfish red to white muscle ratios significantly exceeded those of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, in cross sections at 50 and 75% of standard length. High metabolic rates and red to white muscle ratios argue for comparability of northern squawfish with active predators such as sympatric rainbow trout.
To evaluate the importance of large thaw lakes on the Alaska Coastal Plain for molting Pacific black brant Branta bernicla nigricans, distribution and life form of shoreline vegetation were assessed using several scales: satellite imagery, point-intercept transects, cover quadrats, and a parameter for water regime. Brant population and distribution estimates from aerial surveys were used to classify large lakes into high, moderate, and low use. Correlations between brant and abundance of their preferred feeding site - moss flats - were best demonstrated by satellite imagery. Intercepts and cover ratings were not correlated, presumably because these techniques were less efficient at assessing area. General observations suggested that the presence of islands, large ice floes, and possibly other physical attributes of the habitat, influenced brant distribution. This area is unique because of low-lying, drained-lake basins that have ideal combinations of moss flats and large water areas where brant seek protection disturbance is vital to the success of this declining species because alternate habitats may not be available elsewhere on the Coastal Plain. in water or on ice floes. Protection of the area from disturbance is vital to the success of this declining species because alternate habitats may not be available elsewhere on the Coastal Plain.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0006-3207(94)90166-X","usgsCitation":"Weller, M.W., Jensen, K.C., Taylor, E., Miller, M., Bollinger, K.S., Derksen, D.V., Esler, D., and Markon, C.J., 1994, Assessment of shoreline vegetation in relation to use by molting black brant Branta bernicla nigricans on the Alaska Coastal Plain: Biological Conservation, v. 70, no. 3, p. 219-225, https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-3207(94)90166-X.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"219","endPage":"225","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334974,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Alaska Coastal Plain, Teshekpuk Lake","volume":"70","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"589c3c50e4b0efcedb741117","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weller, Milton W.","contributorId":113630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weller","given":"Milton","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jensen, K. C.","contributorId":16671,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jensen","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Taylor, Eric J.","contributorId":41966,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Taylor","given":"Eric J.","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":662864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Miller, Mark W.","contributorId":83642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Mark W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bollinger, Karen S.","contributorId":33842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bollinger","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Derksen, Dirk V. dderksen@usgs.gov","contributorId":2269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Derksen","given":"Dirk","email":"dderksen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":662867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Esler, Daniel 0000-0001-5501-4555 desler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5501-4555","contributorId":5465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esler","given":"Daniel","email":"desler@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":12437,"text":"Simon Fraser University, Centre for Wildlife Ecology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":662868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Markon, Carl J. markon@usgs.gov","contributorId":2499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markon","given":"Carl","email":"markon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70180360,"text":"70180360 - 1994 - Application of the stage-projection model with density-dependent fecundity to the population dynamics of Spanish ibex","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-27T14:28:55","indexId":"70180360","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1176,"text":"Canadian Journal of Zoology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Application of the stage-projection model with density-dependent fecundity to the population dynamics of Spanish ibex","docAbstract":"A stage-class population model with density-feedback term included was used to identify the most critical parameters determining the population dynamics of female Spanish ibex (Capra pyrenaica) in southern Spain. A population in the Cazorla and Segura mountains is rapidly declining, but the eastern Sierra Nevada population is growing. The stable population density obtained using estimated values of kid and adult survival (0.49 and 0.87, respectively) and with fecundity equal to 0.367 in the absence of density feedback is 12.7 or 16.82 individuals/km2, based on a non-time-lagged and a time-lagged model, respectively. Given the maximum estimate of fecundity and an adult survival rate of 0.87, a kid survival rate of at least 0.41 is required to avoid extinction. At the minimum fecundity estimate, kid survival would have to exceed 0.52. Elasticities were used to estimate the influence of variation in life-cycle parameters on the intrinsic rate of increase. Adult survival is the most critical parameter, while fecundity and juvenile survival are less important. An increase in adult survival from 0.87 to 0.91 in the Cazorla and Segura mountains population would almost stabilize the population in the absence of stochastic variation, while the same increase in the Sierra Nevada population would yield population growth of 4–5% per annum. A reduction in adult survival to 0.83 results in population decline in both cases.
","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/z94-098","usgsCitation":"Escos, J., Alados, C., and Emlen, J.M., 1994, Application of the stage-projection model with density-dependent fecundity to the population dynamics of Spanish ibex: Canadian Journal of Zoology, v. 72, no. 4, p. 731-737, https://doi.org/10.1139/z94-098.","productDescription":"7 p. ","startPage":"731","endPage":"737","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334222,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"72","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"588c6aa9e4b08c8121c90986","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Escos, J.","contributorId":44311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Escos","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Alados, C.L.","contributorId":22925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alados","given":"C.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Emlen, John M.","contributorId":168812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Emlen","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":661373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70180355,"text":"70180355 - 1994 - Temperature and CO2 Effects on Blood O2 Equilibria in Northern Squawfish, Ptychocheilus oregonensis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-27T14:03:10","indexId":"70180355","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Temperature and CO2 Effects on Blood O2 Equilibria in Northern Squawfish, Ptychocheilus oregonensis","docAbstract":"In vitro blood O2 equilibrium curves were constructed at 9, 15, 18, and 21 °C from temperature-acclimated northern squawfish, Ptychocheilus oregonensis. At low ![\"\"](\"http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/na101/home/literatum/publisher/nrc/journals/content/cjfas/1994/cjfas5101/f94-003/production/images/medium/f94-003c1.gif\")
(<1 mm Hg, 1 mm Hg = 133.32 Pa), P50s generally showed variable increases with temperature from 3.6 mm Hg at 9 °C to 8.7 mm Hg at 21 °C, leading to whole-blood temperature effects (ΔH, kilocalories per mole O2) ranging from a low +4.4 at 15–18 °C to a peak −21.2 at 18–21 °C. High-![\"\"](\"http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/na101/home/literatum/publisher/nrc/journals/content/cjfas/1994/cjfas5101/f94-003/production/images/medium/f94-003c2.gif\")
(7.6 mm Hg) conditions decreased blood pH and increased P50s at each temperature (Bohr factor). Bohr factors (Φ) ranged from −0.46 at 21 °C to −0.70 at 18 °C. Considered together, ΔH and Φ values suggest an optimal temperature range of 15–18 °C for hemoglobin O2 loading and unloading in northern squawfish. Nonbicarbonate buffer values ranged from −10.04 at 21 °C to −14.13 at 9 °C. Overall, the high O2 affinities and hyperbolic blood O2 equilibrium curves of northern squawfish resemble those of other large cyprinids (e.g., common carp, Cyprinus carpio, tench, Tinca tinca, Sacramento blackfish, Orthodon microlepidotus) indicating a better ability to tolerate hypoxic environments than sympatric rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. High northern squawfish blood O2 capacities and Φs suggest high aerobic capacity, especially at temperatures <21 °C.
The need for earth science has never been more paramount. The devastating flooding of the Mississippi River this past year, strikingly portrayed on the cover and discussed in detail in this report (p. 37-42), was a sobering reminder of nature's elemental power. As a Nation, we face many environmental and economic challenges, such as natural hazards, that can be addressed effectively only through science. Water quality, resource assessments, climate change, and toxic wastes are all critical issues that can best be dealt with when approached from a sound scientific base. The goal of the U.S. Geological Survey is to provide hydrologic, geologic, and topographic information and understanding that contribute to the wise management of the Nation's natural resources and that promote the health, safety, and well-being of all Americans. FY1993 has proven to be a particularly challenging one for the USGS. We entered into a time of transition from the long-term leadership of Director Dallas Peck and Associate Director Doyle Frederick to the appointment of a new director. We thank Dallas and Doyle for their many years of service and for their support during the transition.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/7000094","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1994, U.S. Geological Survey yearbook, fiscal year 1993: At work across the Nation: Yearbook, Report: 124 p.; 2 Plates: 17.14 x 10.97 inches and16.93 x 11.02 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/7000094.","productDescription":"Report: 124 p.; 2 Plates: 17.14 x 10.97 inches and16.93 x 11.02 inches","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":101696,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/yb/1993fy/report.pdf","size":"37003","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":101697,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/yb/1993fy/plate-1.pdf","size":"2354","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":195849,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/yb/1993fy/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":101698,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/yb/1993fy/plate-2.pdf","size":"1279","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db611f19","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1001123,"text":"1001123 - 1994 - Early history of the North Dakota Natural Science Society","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-02T13:05:12","indexId":"1001123","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3111,"text":"Prairie Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Early history of the North Dakota Natural Science Society","docAbstract":"Abstract has not been submitted","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Prairie Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Lokemoen, J.T., 1994, Early history of the North Dakota Natural Science Society: Prairie Naturalist, v. 26, no. 2, p. 89-92.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"89","endPage":"92","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":128861,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a54e4b07f02db62c240","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lokemoen, J. T.","contributorId":79049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lokemoen","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}