{"pageNumber":"405","pageRowStart":"10100","pageSize":"25","recordCount":68869,"records":[{"id":70179654,"text":"sir20175001 - 2017 - Methods for estimating selected low-flow frequency statistics and mean annual flow for ungaged locations on streams in North Georgia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-13T14:05:48","indexId":"sir20175001","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-13T13:30:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2017-5001","title":"Methods for estimating selected low-flow frequency statistics and mean annual flow for ungaged locations on streams in North Georgia","docAbstract":"

The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Georgia Department of Natural Resources, Environmental Protection Division, developed regional regression equations for estimating selected low-flow frequency and mean annual flow statistics for ungaged streams in north Georgia that are not substantially affected by regulation, diversions, or urbanization. Selected low-flow frequency statistics and basin characteristics for 56 streamgage locations within north Georgia and 75 miles beyond the State’s borders in Alabama, Tennessee, North Carolina, and South Carolina were combined to form the final dataset used in the regional regression analysis. Because some of the streamgages in the study recorded zero flow, the final regression equations were developed using weighted left-censored regression analysis to analyze the flow data in an unbiased manner, with weights based on the number of years of record. The set of equations includes the annual minimum 1- and 7-day average streamflow with the 10-year recurrence interval (referred to as 1Q10 and 7Q10), monthly 7Q10, and mean annual flow. The final regional regression equations are functions of drainage area, mean annual precipitation, and relief ratio for the selected low-flow frequency statistics and drainage area and mean annual precipitation for mean annual flow. The average standard error of estimate was 13.7 percent for the mean annual flow regression equation and ranged from 26.1 to 91.6 percent for the selected low-flow frequency equations.

The equations, which are based on data from streams with little to no flow alterations, can be used to provide estimates of the natural flows for selected ungaged stream locations in the area of Georgia north of the Fall Line. The regression equations are not to be used to estimate flows for streams that have been altered by the effects of major dams, surface-water withdrawals, groundwater withdrawals (pumping wells), diversions, or wastewater discharges. The regression equations should be used only for ungaged sites with drainage areas between 1.67 and 576 square miles, mean annual precipitation between 47.6 and 81.6 inches, and relief ratios between 0.146 and 0.607; these are the ranges of the explanatory variables used to develop the equations. An attempt was made to develop regional regression equations for the area of Georgia south of the Fall Line by using the same approach used during this study for north Georgia; however, the equations resulted with high average standard errors of estimates and poorly predicted flows below 0.5 cubic foot per second, which may be attributed to the karst topography common in that area.

The final regression equations developed from this study are planned to be incorporated into the U.S. Geological Survey StreamStats program. StreamStats is a Web-based geographic information system that provides users with access to an assortment of analytical tools useful for water-resources planning and management, and for engineering design applications, such as the design of bridges. The StreamStats program provides streamflow statistics and basin characteristics for U.S. Geological Survey streamgage locations and ungaged sites of interest. StreamStats also can compute basin characteristics and provide estimates of streamflow statistics for ungaged sites when users select the location of a site along any stream in Georgia.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20175001","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Georgia Department of Natural Resources, Environmental Protection Division","usgsCitation":"Gotvald, A.J., 2017, Methods for estimating selected low-flow frequency statistics and mean annual flow for ungaged locations on streams in North Georgia: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2017–5001, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175001. ","productDescription":"Report: vi, 25 p.; 3 Tables","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-077003","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333138,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5001/sir20175001.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.35 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2017-5001"},{"id":333139,"rank":3,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5001/sir20175001_tables1-2-5.xlsx","text":"Tables 1, 2, and 5 - ","size":"74.8 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"linkHelpText":"Table 1. Description of streamgages evaluated for use in the regional regression analysis for north Georgia
Table 2. Selected statistics compiled for 56 continuous-record streamgages evaluated for use in the low-flow frequency regression analysis for north Georgia, 2013
Table 5. Values used to determine prediction intervals for the regression equations"},{"id":333137,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5001/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -86,\n 32.5\n ],\n [\n -86,\n 36\n ],\n [\n -82,\n 36\n ],\n [\n -82,\n 32.5\n ],\n [\n -86,\n 32.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"

Director, South Atlantic Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
720 Gracern Road
Stephenson Center, Suite 129
Columbia, SC 29210
http://www.usgs.gov/water/southatlantic/

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"publishedDate":"2017-01-13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5879f5a5e4b0847d353f44b6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gotvald, Anthony J. 0000-0002-9019-750X agotvald@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9019-750X","contributorId":1970,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gotvald","given":"Anthony","email":"agotvald@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":316,"text":"Georgia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":658089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70179692,"text":"70179692 - 2017 - Effects of solid-liquid separation and storage on monensin attenuation in dairy waste management systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-12T11:27:10","indexId":"70179692","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2258,"text":"Journal of Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of solid-liquid separation and storage on monensin attenuation in dairy waste management systems","docAbstract":"

Environmental release of veterinary pharmaceuticals has been of regulatory concern for more than a decade. Monensin is a feed additive antibiotic that is prevalent throughout the dairy industry and is excreted in dairy waste. This study investigates the potential of dairy waste management practices to alter the amount of monensin available for release into the environment. Analysis of wastewater and groundwater from two dairy farms in California consistently concluded that monensin is most present in lagoon water and groundwater downgradient of lagoons. Since the lagoons represent a direct source of monensin to groundwater, the effect of waste management, by mechanical screen separation and lagoon aeration, on aqueous monensin concentration was investigated through construction of lagoon microcosms. The results indicate that monensin attenuation is not improved by increased solid-liquid separation prior to storage in lagoons, as monensin is rapidly desorbed after dilution with water. Monensin is also shown to be easily degraded in lagoon microcosms receiving aeration, but is relatively stable and available for leaching under typical anaerobic lagoon conditions.

","language":"English","publisher":"Academic Press","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.12.024","usgsCitation":"Hafner, S.C., Watanabe, N., Harter, T., Bergamaschi, B.A., and Parikh, S.J., 2017, Effects of solid-liquid separation and storage on monensin attenuation in dairy waste management systems: Journal of Environmental Management, v. 190, p. 28-34, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.12.024.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"28","endPage":"34","ipdsId":"IP-082151","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":461791,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.12.024","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":333078,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"190","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5878a489e4b04df303d957fa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hafner, Sarah C.","contributorId":178243,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hafner","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Watanabe, Naoko","contributorId":178244,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Watanabe","given":"Naoko","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harter, Thomas","contributorId":178245,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harter","given":"Thomas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bergamaschi, Brian A. 0000-0002-9610-5581 bbergama@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9610-5581","contributorId":140776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergamaschi","given":"Brian","email":"bbergama@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":658288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Parikh, Sanjai J.","contributorId":178246,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Parikh","given":"Sanjai","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70176170,"text":"fs20163066 - 2017 - Water resources of Calcasieu Parish, Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-13T10:31:37","indexId":"fs20163066","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2016-3066","title":"Water resources of Calcasieu Parish, Louisiana","docAbstract":"

Information concerning the availability, use, and quality of water in Calcasieu Parish, Louisiana, is critical for proper water-resource management. The purpose of this fact sheet is to present information that can be used by water managers, parish residents, and others for stewardship of this vital resource. Information on the availability, past and current use, use trends, and water quality from groundwater and surface-water sources in the parish is presented. Previously published reports and data stored in the U.S. Geological Survey’s National Water Information System (http://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F7P55KJN) are the primary sources of the information presented here.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20163066","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development","usgsCitation":"White, V.E., and Prakken, L.B., 2017, Water resources of Calcasieu Parish, Louisiana: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2016–3066, 6 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/fs20163066.","productDescription":"6 p.","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-073096","costCenters":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333095,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2016/3066/fs20163066.pdf","text":"Fact Sheet","size":"1.65 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"2016–3066"},{"id":333094,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2016/3066/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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Director, Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3535 S. Sherwood Forest Blvd., Suite 120
Baton Rouge, LA 70816

https://la.water.usgs.gov

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"publishedDate":"2017-01-12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5878a48ae4b04df303d957fe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"White, Vincent E. 0000-0002-1660-0102 vwhite@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1660-0102","contributorId":5388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Vincent","email":"vwhite@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":369,"text":"Louisiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":647555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Prakken, Lawrence B. lprakken@usgs.gov","contributorId":2319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prakken","given":"Lawrence","email":"lprakken@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":369,"text":"Louisiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":647556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70176238,"text":"fs20163069 - 2017 - Water resources of East Feliciana Parish, Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-13T10:30:33","indexId":"fs20163069","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2016-3069","title":"Water resources of East Feliciana Parish, Louisiana","docAbstract":"

Information concerning the availability, use, and quality of water in East Feliciana Parish, Louisiana, is critical for proper water-resource management. The purpose of this fact sheet is to present information that can be used by water managers, parish residents, and others for stewardship of this vital resource. Information is presented on the availability, past and current use, use trends, and water quality from groundwater and surface-water sources in the parish. Previously published reports and data stored in the U.S. Geological Survey’s National Water Information System (http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis) are the primary sources of the information presented here.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20163069","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development","usgsCitation":"White, V.E., and Prakken, L.B., 2017, Water resources of East Feliciana Parish, Louisiana: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2016–3069, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20163069.","productDescription":"6 p.","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065609","costCenters":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333087,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2016/3069/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":333088,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2016/3069/fs20163069.pdf","text":"Fact Sheet","size":"1.33 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2016–3069"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"East Feliciana Parish","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-91.0608,30.9995],[-90.8268,30.9992],[-90.829,30.9947],[-90.8386,30.9916],[-90.8435,30.9839],[-90.843,30.9747],[-90.8458,30.9619],[-90.8474,30.9597],[-90.8506,30.9565],[-90.8565,30.9515],[-90.8619,30.9451],[-90.8588,30.9355],[-90.8572,30.9309],[-90.8541,30.9186],[-90.852,30.9108],[-90.8553,30.9053],[-90.8532,30.9012],[-90.8505,30.8985],[-90.8484,30.8962],[-90.8491,30.8825],[-90.8528,30.8788],[-90.856,30.8761],[-90.8598,30.8743],[-90.8598,30.8679],[-90.8577,30.8629],[-90.8551,30.856],[-90.853,30.8528],[-90.8493,30.8505],[-90.8424,30.8486],[-90.8414,30.8449],[-90.8425,30.8427],[-90.8468,30.8372],[-90.8457,30.8335],[-90.8447,30.8308],[-90.8421,30.8271],[-90.8405,30.8248],[-90.8378,30.8207],[-90.8352,30.8193],[-90.8347,30.8166],[-90.8379,30.8102],[-90.839,30.8066],[-90.8385,30.8024],[-90.8396,30.797],[-90.8434,30.7933],[-90.8423,30.7906],[-90.8419,30.7869],[-90.8419,30.7782],[-90.8404,30.7732],[-90.8436,30.7641],[-90.8447,30.7623],[-90.8479,30.7563],[-90.8512,30.75],[-90.8523,30.744],[-90.8502,30.7417],[-90.846,30.7362],[-90.8418,30.7325],[-90.8407,30.7266],[-90.8413,30.7234],[-90.8434,30.7229],[-90.8461,30.7211],[-90.8477,30.7198],[-91.2492,30.7072],[-91.2577,30.7027],[-91.2636,30.7],[-91.2678,30.6949],[-91.2673,30.6917],[-91.2689,30.6895],[-91.2679,30.6863],[-91.2711,30.6808],[-91.2891,30.6781],[-91.2897,30.668],[-91.2929,30.6621],[-91.2934,30.6552],[-91.2977,30.6493],[-91.2993,30.6516],[-91.3051,30.6529],[-91.3051,30.6735],[-91.3088,30.6804],[-91.3125,30.6822],[-91.3146,30.6927],[-91.3194,30.6959],[-91.321,30.6991],[-91.3194,30.7005],[-91.3135,30.6987],[-91.3119,30.6991],[-91.3109,30.7023],[-91.3114,30.7083],[-91.3039,30.7078],[-91.3007,30.7156],[-91.2928,30.716],[-91.2922,30.7188],[-91.2959,30.7252],[-91.2964,30.727],[-91.2863,30.7347],[-91.2874,30.7439],[-91.2863,30.7475],[-91.282,30.7507],[-91.2799,30.7535],[-91.2761,30.7585],[-91.2602,30.7621],[-91.2591,30.7658],[-91.2628,30.7745],[-91.2617,30.7758],[-91.2575,30.7767],[-91.2532,30.7776],[-91.2473,30.7868],[-91.2372,30.7945],[-91.2383,30.7977],[-91.2425,30.8009],[-91.243,30.8046],[-91.2361,30.8068],[-91.2329,30.81],[-91.2302,30.8164],[-91.2345,30.8219],[-91.2345,30.8246],[-91.2339,30.8256],[-91.2307,30.8333],[-91.227,30.8383],[-91.2269,30.8406],[-91.2253,30.8484],[-91.2296,30.8544],[-91.2232,30.8566],[-91.2194,30.8644],[-91.2258,30.8703],[-91.2247,30.8726],[-91.222,30.8735],[-91.221,30.8772],[-91.2225,30.8813],[-91.2188,30.8868],[-91.2156,30.8922],[-91.2065,30.8927],[-91.2065,30.9004],[-91.2091,30.9055],[-91.2059,30.9109],[-91.208,30.9137],[-91.208,30.9183],[-91.2,30.9191],[-91.1947,30.931],[-91.1931,30.9328],[-91.1898,30.9333],[-91.1872,30.9369],[-91.1914,30.9438],[-91.193,30.9507],[-91.1956,30.9598],[-91.1919,30.9671],[-91.1908,30.9721],[-91.1892,30.973],[-91.186,30.9721],[-91.1822,30.9739],[-91.1801,30.9789],[-91.1811,30.9853],[-91.18,30.9908],[-91.1757,31],[-91.1115,31],[-91.0608,30.9995]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"East Feliciana\",\"state\":\"LA\"}}]}","contact":"

Director, Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3535 S. Sherwood Forest Blvd., Suite 120
Baton Rouge, LA 70816

https://la.water.usgs.gov

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"publishedDate":"2017-01-12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5878a489e4b04df303d957fc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"White, Vincent E. 0000-0002-1660-0102 vwhite@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1660-0102","contributorId":5388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Vincent","email":"vwhite@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":369,"text":"Louisiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":647999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Prakken, Lawrence B. lprakken@usgs.gov","contributorId":139067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prakken","given":"Lawrence B.","email":"lprakken@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":369,"text":"Louisiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":658332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70181013,"text":"70181013 - 2017 - The contribution of rice agriculture to methylmercury in surface waters: A review of data from the Sacramento Valley, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-26T15:43:11","indexId":"70181013","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2262,"text":"Journal of Environmental Quality","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The contribution of rice agriculture to methylmercury in surface waters: A review of data from the Sacramento Valley, California","docAbstract":"

Methylmercury (MeHg) is a bioaccumulative pollutant produced in and exported from flooded soils, including those used for rice (Oriza sativa L.) production. Using unfiltered aqueous MeHg data from MeHg monitoring programs in the Sacramento River watershed from 1996 to 2007, we assessed the MeHg contribution from rice systems to the Sacramento River. Using a mixed-effects regression analysis, we compared MeHg concentrations in agricultural drainage water from rice-dominated regions (AgDrain) to MeHg concentrations in the Sacramento and Feather Rivers, both upstream and downstream of AgDrain inputs. We also calculated MeHg loads from AgDrains and the Sacramento and Feather Rivers. Seasonally, MeHg concentrations were higher during November through May than during June through October, but the differences varied by location. Relative to upstream, November through May AgDrain least-squares mean MeHg concentration (0.18 ng L−1, range 0.15–0.23 ng L−1) was 2.3-fold higher, while June through October AgDrain mean concentration (0.097 ng L−1, range 0.6–1.6 ng L−1) was not significantly different from upstream. June through October AgDrain MeHg loads contributed 10.7 to 14.8% of the total Sacramento River MeHg load. Missing flow data prevented calculation of the percent contribution of AgDrains in November through May. At sites where calculation was possible, November through May loads made up 70 to 90% of the total annual load. Elevated flow and MeHg concentration in November through May both contribute to the majority of the AgDrain MeHg load occurring during this period. Methylmercury reduction efforts should target elevated November through May MeHg concentrations in AgDrains. However, our findings suggest that the contribution and environmental impact of rice is an order of magnitude lower than previous studies in the California Yolo Bypass.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America, Inc.","doi":"10.2134/jeq2016.07.0262","usgsCitation":"Tanner, K.C., Windham-Myers, L., Fleck, J., Tate, K.W., McCord, S.A., and Linquist, B.A., 2017, The contribution of rice agriculture to methylmercury in surface waters: A review of data from the Sacramento Valley, California: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 46, no. 1, p. 133-142, https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2016.07.0262.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"133","endPage":"142","ipdsId":"IP-083271","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470140,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2016.07.0262","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":335172,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sacramento Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.0745849609375,\n 38.53957267203905\n ],\n [\n -122.0745849609375,\n 39.41497702499074\n ],\n [\n -121.4044189453125,\n 39.41497702499074\n ],\n [\n -121.4044189453125,\n 38.53957267203905\n ],\n [\n -122.0745849609375,\n 38.53957267203905\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"46","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"589ffedee4b099f50d3e0430","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tanner, K. Christy","contributorId":179307,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tanner","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"Christy","affiliations":[{"id":12711,"text":"UC Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":663277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Windham-Myers, Lisamarie 0000-0003-0281-9581 lwindham-myers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0281-9581","contributorId":2449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Windham-Myers","given":"Lisamarie","email":"lwindham-myers@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":663276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fleck, Jacob 0000-0002-3217-3972 jafleck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3217-3972","contributorId":168694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleck","given":"Jacob","email":"jafleck@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":663278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tate, Kenneth W.","contributorId":179308,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tate","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":663279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McCord, Stephen A.","contributorId":179309,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCord","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":663280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Linquist, Bruce A.","contributorId":179310,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Linquist","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12711,"text":"UC Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":663281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70188902,"text":"70188902 - 2017 - Gear comparison for sampling age-0 Mountain Whitefish in the Madison River, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-27T12:38:59","indexId":"70188902","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Gear comparison for sampling age-0 Mountain Whitefish in the Madison River, Montana","docAbstract":"

The efficacy of various sampling gears for age-0 Mountain Whitefish Prosopium williamsoni is largely unknown, which makes it difficult to investigate recruitment and early life history dynamics for the species. We compared four gears: seine, backpack electrofisher, minnow trap, and lighted minnow trap. Gears were tested in backwaters, large channels, and small channels in the Madison River, Montana. No age-0 Mountain Whitefish were captured in minnow traps or lighted minnow traps. Mean CPUE of age-0 Mountain Whitefish was higher for seining (0.18 fish/m2; SD, 0.39) than for electrofishing (0.01 fish/m2; SD, 0.03), and the CV was lower for seining. A broader length distribution was sampled by seining (17–41 mm) than with electrofishing (21–36 mm). Age-0 Mountain Whitefish CPUE in seines was highest in backwaters. In channel sites, Mountain Whitefish presence was associated with areas of still or slow water ≥2 m2. Relative to the other sampling gears we evaluated, seining was the most efficient gear for sampling age-0 Mountain Whitefish in a lotic ecosystem.

","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor and Francis Online","doi":"10.1080/02755947.2016.1254128","usgsCitation":"Boyer, J.K., Guy, C.S., Webb, M., Horton, T.B., and McMahon, T., 2017, Gear comparison for sampling age-0 Mountain Whitefish in the Madison River, Montana: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 37, no. 1, p. 189-195, https://doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2016.1254128.","productDescription":"8 p. 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H.","contributorId":193590,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Webb","given":"Molly A. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":700902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Horton, Travis B.","contributorId":193589,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Horton","given":"Travis","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":700901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McMahon, Thomas E.","contributorId":189425,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McMahon","given":"Thomas E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":700903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70188376,"text":"70188376 - 2017 - Multinomial N-mixture models improve the applicability of electrofishing for developing population estimates of stream-dwelling Smallmouth Bass","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-07T14:16:23","indexId":"70188376","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Multinomial N-mixture models improve the applicability of electrofishing for developing population estimates of stream-dwelling Smallmouth Bass","title":"Multinomial N-mixture models improve the applicability of electrofishing for developing population estimates of stream-dwelling Smallmouth Bass","docAbstract":"

Failure to account for variable detection across survey conditions constrains progressive stream ecology and can lead to erroneous stream fish management and conservation decisions. In addition to variable detection’s confounding long-term stream fish population trends, reliable abundance estimates across a wide range of survey conditions are fundamental to establishing species–environment relationships. Despite major advancements in accounting for variable detection when surveying animal populations, these approaches remain largely ignored by stream fish scientists, and CPUE remains the most common metric used by researchers and managers. One notable advancement for addressing the challenges of variable detection is the multinomial N-mixture model. Multinomial N-mixture models use a flexible hierarchical framework to model the detection process across sites as a function of covariates; they also accommodate common fisheries survey methods, such as removal and capture–recapture. Effective monitoring of stream-dwelling Smallmouth Bass Micropterus dolomieu populations has long been challenging; therefore, our objective was to examine the use of multinomial N-mixture models to improve the applicability of electrofishing for estimating absolute abundance. We sampled Smallmouth Bass populations by using tow-barge electrofishing across a range of environmental conditions in streams of the Ozark Highlands ecoregion. Using an information-theoretic approach, we identified effort, water clarity, wetted channel width, and water depth as covariates that were related to variable Smallmouth Bass electrofishing detection. Smallmouth Bass abundance estimates derived from our top model consistently agreed with baseline estimates obtained via snorkel surveys. Additionally, confidence intervals from the multinomial N-mixture models were consistently more precise than those of unbiased Petersen capture–recapture estimates due to the dependency among data sets in the hierarchical framework. We demonstrate the application of this contemporary population estimation method to address a longstanding stream fish management issue. We also detail the advantages and trade-offs of hierarchical population estimation methods relative to CPUE and estimation methods that model each site separately.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1080/02755947.2016.1254127","usgsCitation":"Mollenhauer, R., and Brewer, S.K., 2017, Multinomial N-mixture models improve the applicability of electrofishing for developing population estimates of stream-dwelling Smallmouth Bass: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 37, no. 1, p. 211-224, https://doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2016.1254127.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"211","endPage":"224","ipdsId":"IP-073138","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342254,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri, Oklahoma","otherGeospatial":"Ozark Highlands","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -95.28167724609375,\n 35.380092992092145\n ],\n [\n -94.46868896484375,\n 35.36217605914681\n ],\n [\n -93.64471435546875,\n 35.3509759564216\n ],\n [\n -93.6749267578125,\n 37.13623498442895\n ],\n [\n -95.2789306640625,\n 37.13623498442895\n ],\n [\n -95.28167724609375,\n 35.380092992092145\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"37","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"593910ade4b0764e6c5e885c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mollenhauer, Robert","contributorId":176540,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mollenhauer","given":"Robert","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brewer, Shannon K. 0000-0002-1537-3921 skbrewer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1537-3921","contributorId":2252,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brewer","given":"Shannon","email":"skbrewer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70179681,"text":"70179681 - 2017 - The Iġnik Sikumi Field Experiment, Alaska North Slope: Design, operations, and implications for CO2−CH4 exchange in gas hydrate reservoirs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-19T13:40:21","indexId":"70179681","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1506,"text":"Energy & Fuels","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Iġnik Sikumi Field Experiment, Alaska North Slope: Design, operations, and implications for CO2−CH4 exchange in gas hydrate reservoirs","docAbstract":"

The Iġnik Sikumi Gas Hydrate Exchange Field Experiment was conducted by ConocoPhillips in partnership with the U.S. Department of Energy, the Japan Oil, Gas and Metals National Corporation, and the U.S. Geological Survey within the Prudhoe Bay Unit on the Alaska North Slope during 2011 and 2012. The primary goals of the program were to (1) determine the feasibility of gas injection into hydrate-bearing sand reservoirs and (2) observe reservoir response upon subsequent flowback in order to assess the potential for CO2 exchange for CH4 in naturally occurring gas hydrate reservoirs. Initial modeling determined that no feasible means of injection of pure CO2 was likely, given the presence of free water in the reservoir. Laboratory and numerical modeling studies indicated that the injection of a mixture of CO2 and N2 offered the best potential for gas injection and exchange. The test featured the following primary operational phases: (1) injection of a gaseous phase mixture of CO2, N2, and chemical tracers; (2) flowback conducted at downhole pressures above the stability threshold for native CH4 hydrate; and (3) an extended (30-days) flowback at pressures near, and then below, the stability threshold of native CH4 hydrate. The test findings indicate that the formation of a range of mixed-gas hydrates resulted in a net exchange of CO2 for CH4 in the reservoir, although the complexity of the subsurface environment renders the nature, extent, and efficiency of the exchange reaction uncertain. The next steps in the evaluation of exchange technology should feature multiple well applications; however, such field test programs will require extensive preparatory experimental and numerical modeling studies and will likely be a secondary priority to further field testing of production through depressurization. Additional insights gained from the field program include the following: (1) gas hydrate destabilization is self-limiting, dispelling any notion of the potential for uncontrolled destabilization; (2) gas hydrate test wells must be carefully designed to enable rapid remediation of wellbore blockages that will occur during any cessation in operations; (3) sand production during hydrate production likely can be managed through standard engineering controls; and (4) reservoir heat exchange during depressurization was more favorable than expected—mitigating concerns for near-wellbore freezing and enabling consideration of more aggressive pressure reduction.

","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6b01909","usgsCitation":"Boswell, R., Schoderbek, D., Collett, T.S., Ohtsuki, S., White, M., and Anderson, B.J., 2017, The Iġnik Sikumi Field Experiment, Alaska North Slope: Design, operations, and implications for CO2−CH4 exchange in gas hydrate reservoirs: Energy & Fuels, v. 31, no. 1, p. 140-153, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6b01909.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"140","endPage":"153","ipdsId":"IP-074604","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333052,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-12-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58772077e4b0315b4c11fe24","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boswell, Ray","contributorId":12307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boswell","given":"Ray","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schoderbek, David","contributorId":178207,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schoderbek","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Collett, Timothy S. 0000-0002-7598-4708 tcollett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-4708","contributorId":1698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collett","given":"Timothy","email":"tcollett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":658204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ohtsuki, Satoshi","contributorId":150141,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ohtsuki","given":"Satoshi","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17917,"text":"Japan Oil, Gas and Metals National Corporation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":658208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"White, Mark","contributorId":150142,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"White","given":"Mark","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6727,"text":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":658209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Anderson, Brian J.","contributorId":147120,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":12432,"text":"West Virginia University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":658207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70178590,"text":"ofr20161198 - 2017 - Peak streamflow on selected streams in Arkansas, December 2015","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-11T15:13:09","indexId":"ofr20161198","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2016-1198","title":"Peak streamflow on selected streams in Arkansas, December 2015","docAbstract":"

Heavy rainfall during December 2015 resulted in flooding across parts of Arkansas; rainfall amounts were as high as 12 inches over a period from December 27, 2015, to December 29, 2015. Although precipitation accumulations were highest in northwestern Arkansas, significant flooding occurred in other parts of the State. Flood damage occurred in several counties as water levels rose in streams, and disaster declarations were declared in 32 of the 75 counties in Arkansas.

Given the severity of the December 2015 flooding, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), conducted a study to document the meteorological and hydrological conditions prior to and during the flood; compiled flood-peak gage heights, streamflows, and flood probabilities at USGS streamflow-gaging stations; and estimated streamflows and flood probabilities at selected ungaged locations.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161198","usgsCitation":"Breaker, B.K., 2017, Peak streamflow on selected streams in Arkansas, December 2015: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016–1198, 7 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161198.","productDescription":"7 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-079418","costCenters":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":332997,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1198/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":332995,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1198/ofr20161198.pdf","text":"Report","size":"622 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016–1198"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","contact":"

Director, Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
401 Hardin Road
Little Rock, AR 72211

http://ar.water.usgs.gov

","tableOfContents":"


","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"publishedDate":"2017-01-11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58772077e4b0315b4c11fe26","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Breaker, Brian K. 0000-0002-1985-4992 bbreaker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1985-4992","contributorId":4331,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Breaker","given":"Brian","email":"bbreaker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":654479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70179658,"text":"70179658 - 2017 - Timescales of carbon turnover in soils with mixed crystalline mineralogies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-10T15:30:06","indexId":"70179658","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5259,"text":"SOIL","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Timescales of carbon turnover in soils with mixed crystalline mineralogies","docAbstract":"

Organic matter–mineral associations stabilize much of the carbon (C) stored globally in soils. Metastable short-range-order (SRO) minerals such as allophane and ferrihydrite provide one mechanism for long-term stabilization of organic matter in young soil. However, in soils with few SRO minerals and a predominance of crystalline aluminosilicate or Fe (and Al) oxyhydroxide, C turnover should be governed by chemisorption with those minerals. Here, we correlate mineral composition from soils containing small amounts of SRO minerals with mean turnover time (TT) of C estimated from radiocarbon (14C) in bulk soil, free light fraction and mineral-associated organic matter. We varied the mineral amount and composition by sampling ancient soils formed on different lithologies in arid to subhumid climates in Kruger National Park (KNP), South Africa. Mineral contents in bulk soils were assessed using chemical extractions to quantify Fe oxyhydroxides and SRO minerals. Because of our interest in the role of silicate clay mineralogy, particularly smectite (2 : 1) and kaolinite (1 : 1), we separately quantified the mineralogy of the clay-sized fraction using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and measured 14C on the same fraction.

Density separation demonstrated that mineral associated C accounted for 40–70 % of bulk soil organic C in A and B1 horizons for granite, nephelinite and arid-zone gabbro soils, and > 80 % in other soils. Organic matter strongly associated with the isolated clay-sized fraction represented only 9–47 % of the bulk soil C. The mean TT of C strongly associated with the clay-sized fraction increased with the amount of smectite (2 : 1 clays); in samples with > 40 % smectite it averaged 1020 ± 460 years. The C not strongly associated with clay-sized minerals, including a combination of low-density C, the C associated with minerals of sizes between 2 µm and 2 cm (including Fe oxyhydroxides as coatings), and C removed from clay-sized material by 2 % hydrogen peroxide had TTs averaging 190 ± 190 years in surface horizons. Summed over the bulk soil profile, we found that smectite content correlated with the mean TT of bulk soil C across varied lithologies. The SRO mineral content in KNP soils was generally very low, except for the soils developed on gabbros under more humid climate that also had very high Fe and C contents with a surprisingly short, mean C TTs. In younger landscapes, SRO minerals are metastable and sequester C for long timescales. We hypothesize that in the KNP, SRO minerals represent a transient stage of mineral evolution and therefore lock up C for a shorter time.

Overall, we found crystalline Fe-oxyhydroxides (determined as the difference between Fe in dithionate citrate and oxalate extractions) to be the strongest predictor for soil C content, while the mean TT of soil C was best predicted from the amount of smectite, which was also related to more easily measured bulk properties such as cation exchange capacity or pH. Combined with previous research on C turnover times in 2 : 1 vs. 1 : 1 clays, our results hold promise for predicting C inventory and persistence based on intrinsic timescales of specific carbon–mineral interactions.

","language":"English","publisher":"European Geosciences Union","doi":"10.5194/soil-3-17-2017","usgsCitation":"Khomo, L., Trumbore, S., Bern, C., and Chadwick, O.A., 2017, Timescales of carbon turnover in soils with mixed crystalline mineralogies: SOIL, v. 3, p. 17-30, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-3-17-2017.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"17","endPage":"30","ipdsId":"IP-070550","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470142,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-3-17-2017","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":333027,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58760112e4b04eac8e0746cf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Khomo, Lesego","contributorId":178169,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Khomo","given":"Lesego","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Trumbore, Susan E. 0000-0003-3885-6202","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3885-6202","contributorId":139916,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Trumbore","given":"Susan E.","affiliations":[{"id":13313,"text":"Max Planck Institute of Biogeochemistry","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":658108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bern, Carleton R. cbern@usgs.gov","contributorId":127601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bern","given":"Carleton R.","email":"cbern@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":658106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chadwick, Oliver A.","contributorId":88244,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chadwick","given":"Oliver","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6710,"text":"University of California, Santa Barbara, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":658109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70179655,"text":"70179655 - 2017 - Long-term flow-through column experiments and their relevance to natural granitoid weathering rates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-24T10:45:06","indexId":"70179655","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Long-term flow-through column experiments and their relevance to natural granitoid weathering rates","docAbstract":"

Four pairs of fresh and partly-weathered granitoids, obtained from well-characterized watersheds—Merced River, CA, USA; Panola, GA, USA; Loch Vale, CO, USA, and Rio Icacos, Puerto Rico—were reacted in columns under ambient laboratory conditions for 13.8 yrs, the longest running experimental weathering study to date. Low total column mass losses (<1 wt. %), correlated with the absence of pitting or surface roughening of primary silicate grains. BET surface area (SBET) increased, primarily due to Fe-oxyhydroxide precipitation. Surface areas returned to within factors of 2 to 3 of their original values after dithionite extraction. Miscible displacement experiments indicated homogeneous plug flow with negligible immobile water, commonly cited for column experiments. Fresh granitoid effluent solute concentrations initially declined rapidly, followed by much slower decreases over the next decade. Weathered granitoid effluent concentrations increased modestly over the same time period, indicating losses of natural Fe-oxide and/or clay coatings and the increased exposure of primary mineral surfaces. Corresponding (fresh and weathered) elemental effluent concentrations trended toward convergence during the last decade of reaction. NETPATH/PHREEQC code simulations indicated non-stoichiometric dissolution involving Ca release from disseminated calcite and excess K release from interlayer biotite. Effluent 87Sr/85Sr ratios reflected a progressive weathering sequence beginning and ending with 87Sr/85Sr values of plagioclase with an additional calcite input and a radiogenic biotite excursion proportional to the granitoid ages.

Effluents became thermodynamically saturated with goethite and gibbsite, slightly under-saturated with kaolinite and strongly under-saturated with plagioclase, consistent with kinetically-limited weathering in which solutes such as Na varied with column flow rates. Effluent Na concentrations showed no clear trend with time during the last decade of reaction (fresh granitoids) or increased slowly with time (weathered granitoids). Analysis of cumulative Na release indicated that plagioclase dissolution achieved steady state in 3 of the 4 fresh granitoids during the last decade of reaction. Surface-area normalized plagioclase dissolution rates exhibited a narrow range (0.95 to 1.26 10-13 moles m-2 s-1), in spite of significant stoichiometric differences (An0.21 to An0.50). Rates were an order of magnitude slower than previously reported in shorter duration experiments but generally 2 to 3 orders of magnitude faster than corresponding natural analogs. CrunchFlow simulations indicated that more than a hundredfold decrease in column flow rates would be required to produce near-saturation reaction affinities that would start to slow plagioclase weathering to real-world levels. Extending simulations to approximate long term weathering in naturally weathered profiles required additional decreases in the intrinsic plagioclase dissolution and kaolinite precipitation rates and relatively large decreases in the fluid flow rate, implying that exposure to reactive mineral surfaces is significantly limited in the natural environment compared to column experiments.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2016.11.042","usgsCitation":"White, A.F., Schulz, M., Lawrence, C.R., Vivit, D.V., and Stonestrom, D.A., 2017, Long-term flow-through column experiments and their relevance to natural granitoid weathering rates: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 202, p. 190-214, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2016.11.042.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"190","endPage":"214","ipdsId":"IP-073779","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470143,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2016.11.042","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":333021,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"202","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58760113e4b04eac8e0746d1","chorus":{"doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2016.11.042","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2016.11.042","publisher":"Elsevier BV","authors":"White Art F., Schulz Marjorie S., Lawrence Corey R., Vivit Davison V., Stonestrom David A.","journalName":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","publicationDate":"4/2017"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"White, Arthur F. afwhite@usgs.gov","contributorId":3718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Arthur","email":"afwhite@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":658091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schulz, Marjorie S. 0000-0001-5597-6447 mschulz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5597-6447","contributorId":3720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schulz","given":"Marjorie S.","email":"mschulz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":658090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lawrence, Corey R. clawrence@usgs.gov","contributorId":167122,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lawrence","given":"Corey","email":"clawrence@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":658092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vivit, Davison V.","contributorId":178166,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vivit","given":"Davison","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stonestrom, David A. 0000-0001-7883-3385 dastones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7883-3385","contributorId":2280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stonestrom","given":"David","email":"dastones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":658093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70178812,"text":"sir20165168 - 2017 - Spatial variability of harmful algal blooms in Milford Lake, Kansas, July and August 2015","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-25T12:54:21","indexId":"sir20165168","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2016-5168","title":"Spatial variability of harmful algal blooms in Milford Lake, Kansas, July and August 2015","docAbstract":"

Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (CyanoHABs) tend to be spatially variable vertically in the water column and horizontally across the lake surface because of in-lake and weather-driven processes and can vary by orders of magnitude in concentration across relatively short distances (meters or less). Extreme spatial variability in cyanobacteria and associated compounds poses unique challenges to collecting representative samples for scientific study and public-health protection. The objective of this study was to assess the spatial variability of cyanobacteria and microcystin in Milford Lake, Kansas, using data collected on July 27 and August 31, 2015. Spatially dense near-surface data were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey, nearshore data were collected by the Kansas Department of Health and Environment, and open-water data were collected by U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. CyanoHABs are known to be spatially variable, but that variability is rarely quantified. A better understanding of the spatial variability of cyanobacteria and microcystin will inform sampling and management strategies for Milford Lake and for other lakes with CyanoHAB issues throughout the Nation.

The CyanoHABs in Milford Lake during July and August 2015 displayed the extreme spatial variability characteristic of cyanobacterial blooms. The phytoplankton community was almost exclusively cyanobacteria (greater than 90 percent) during July and August. Cyanobacteria (measured directly by cell counts and indirectly by regression-estimated chlorophyll) and microcystin (measured directly by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA] and indirectly by regression estimates) concentrations varied by orders of magnitude throughout the lake. During July and August 2015, cyanobacteria and microcystin concentrations decreased in the downlake (towards the outlet) direction.
Nearshore and open-water surface grabs were collected and analyzed for microcystin as part of this study. Samples were collected in the uplake (Zone C), midlake (Zone B), and downlake (Zone A) parts of the lake. Overall, no consistent pattern was indicated as to which sample location (nearshore or open water) had the highest microcystin concentrations. In July, the maximum microcystin concentration observed in each zone was detected at a nearshore site, and in August, maximum microcystin concentrations in each zone were detected at an open-water site.

The Kansas Department of Health and Environment uses two guidance levels (a watch and a warning level) to issue recreational public-health advisories for CyanoHABs in Kansas lakes. The levels are based on concentrations of microcystin and numbers of cyanobacteria. In July and August, discrete water-quality samples were predominantly indicative of warning status in Zone C, watch status in Zone B, and no advisories in Zone A. Regression-estimated microcystin concentrations, which provided more thorough coverage of Milford Lake (n=683–720) than discrete samples (n=21–24), generally indicated the same overall pattern. Regardless of the individual agencies sampling approach, the overall public-health advisory status of each zone in Milford Lake was similar according to the Kansas Department of Health and Environment guidance levels.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20165168","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Kansas Department of Health and Environment and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Kansas City District","usgsCitation":"Foster, G.M., Graham, J.L., Stiles, T.C., Boyer, M.G., King, L.R., and Loftin, K.A., 2017, Spatial variability of harmful algal blooms in Milford Lake, Kansas, July and August 2015: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2016–5168, 45 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20165168.","productDescription":"Report: v, 45 p.; Data Releases","numberOfPages":"56","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-078303","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333877,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7V69GRH","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Water-quality data from two sites on Milford Lake, Kansas, July 26-27 and August 30-31, 2015"},{"id":332912,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5168/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":333876,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5168/sir20165168.pdf","text":"Report","size":"13 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5168 Report PDF"},{"id":333878,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7WQ01ZW","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":" Milford Lake, Kansas, spatial water-quality data, July 27 and August 31, 2015"},{"id":333879,"rank":5,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7RX9971","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Phytoplankton data for Milford Lake, Kansas, July 27 and August 31, 2015"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","otherGeospatial":"Milford Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.1630859375,\n 38.982897808179985\n ],\n [\n -97.1630859375,\n 39.38526381099774\n ],\n [\n -96.49017333984375,\n 39.38526381099774\n ],\n [\n -96.49017333984375,\n 38.982897808179985\n ],\n [\n -97.1630859375,\n 38.982897808179985\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"

Director, Kansas Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
4821 Quail Crest Place
Lawrence, KS 66049

https://ks.water.usgs.gov

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"publishedDate":"2017-01-09","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5874b0aae4b0a829a320bb5d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Foster, Guy M. gfoster@usgs.gov","contributorId":3437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"Guy M.","email":"gfoster@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":655202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Graham, Jennifer L. jlgraham@usgs.gov","contributorId":140520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graham","given":"Jennifer L.","email":"jlgraham@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":655205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stiles, Tom C.","contributorId":177287,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stiles","given":"Tom","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":27804,"text":"Kansas Department of Health and Environment","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":655204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Boyer, Marvin G.","contributorId":177288,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boyer","given":"Marvin","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"King, Lindsey R.","contributorId":73693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"Lindsey R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Loftin, Keith A. 0000-0001-5291-876X kloftin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5291-876X","contributorId":868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loftin","given":"Keith","email":"kloftin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":655207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70181026,"text":"70181026 - 2017 - Uranium delivery and uptake in a montane wetland, north-central Colorado, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-15T11:32:06","indexId":"70181026","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Uranium delivery and uptake in a montane wetland, north-central Colorado, USA","docAbstract":"

Comprehensive sampling of peat, underlying lakebed sediments, and coexisting waters of a naturally uraniferous montane wetland are combined with hydrologic measurements to define the important controls on uranium (U) supply and uptake. The major source of U to the wetland is groundwater flowing through locally fractured and faulted granite gneiss of Proterozoic age. Dissolved U concentrations in four springs and one seep ranged from 20 to 83 ppb (μg/l). Maximum U concentrations are ∼300 ppm (mg/kg) in lakebed sediments and >3000 ppm in peat. Uranium in lakebed sediments is primarily stratabound in the more organic-rich layers, but samples of similar organic content display variable U concentrations. Post-depositional modifications include variable additions of U delivered by groundwater. Uranium distribution in peat is heterogeneous and primarily controlled by proximity to groundwater-fed springs and seeps that act as local point sources of U, and by proximity to groundwater directed along the peat/lakebeds contact. Uranium is initially sorbed on various organic components of peat as oxidized U(VI) present in groundwater. Selective extractions indicate that the majority of sorbed U remains as the oxidized species despite reducing conditions that should favor formation of U(IV). Possible explanations are kinetic hindrances related to strong complex formation between uranyl and humic substances, inhibition of anaerobic bacterial activity by low supply of dissolved iron and sulfate, and by cold temperatures.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2017.01.001","usgsCitation":"Schumann, R.R., Zielinski, R.A., Otton, J.K., Pantea, M.P., and Orem, W.H., 2017, Uranium delivery and uptake in a montane wetland, north-central Colorado, USA: Applied Geochemistry, v. 78, no. 3, p. 363-379, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2017.01.001.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"363","endPage":"379","ipdsId":"IP-074221","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470147,"rank":3,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2017.01.001","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":335164,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":335496,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F70Z71DQ","text":"Stratigraphic, geochemical, and hydrologic data for the Boston Peak wetland, Larimer County, CO, USA"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -107.5341796875,\n 38.805470223177466\n ],\n [\n -107.5341796875,\n 41.0130657870063\n ],\n [\n -103.4912109375,\n 41.0130657870063\n ],\n [\n -103.4912109375,\n 38.805470223177466\n ],\n [\n -107.5341796875,\n 38.805470223177466\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"78","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"589ffedfe4b099f50d3e0434","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schumann, R. Randall 0000-0001-8158-6960 rschumann@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8158-6960","contributorId":1569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schumann","given":"R.","email":"rschumann@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Randall","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":663365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zielinski, Robert A. 0000-0002-4047-5129 rzielinski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4047-5129","contributorId":1593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zielinski","given":"Robert","email":"rzielinski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":663366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Otton, James K. jkotton@usgs.gov","contributorId":1170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Otton","given":"James","email":"jkotton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":663367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pantea, Michael P. mpantea@usgs.gov","contributorId":1549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pantea","given":"Michael","email":"mpantea@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":663368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Orem, William H. 0000-0003-4990-0539 borem@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4990-0539","contributorId":577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orem","given":"William","email":"borem@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":663369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70188657,"text":"70188657 - 2017 - Evaluation of diffuse and preferential flow pathways of infiltratedprecipitation and irrigation using oxygen and hydrogen isotopes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-20T14:29:28","indexId":"70188657","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1923,"text":"Hydrogeology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of diffuse and preferential flow pathways of infiltratedprecipitation and irrigation using oxygen and hydrogen isotopes","docAbstract":"

Subsurface-water flow pathways in three different land-use areas (non-irrigated grassland, poplar forest, and irrigated arable land) in the central North China Plain were investigated using oxygen (18O) and hydrogen (2H) isotopes in samples of precipitation, soils, and groundwater. Soil water in the top 10 cm was significantly affected by both evaporation and infiltration. Water at 10–40 cm depth in the grassland and arable land, and 10–60 cm in poplar forest, showed a relatively short residence time, as a substantial proportion of antecedent soil water was mixed with a 92-mm storm infiltration event, whereas below those depths (down to 150 cm), depleted δ18O spikes suggested that some storm water bypassed the shallow soil layers. Significant differences, in soil-water content and δ18O values, within a small area, suggested that the proportion of immobile soil water and water flowing in subsurface pathways varies depending on local vegetation cover, soil characteristics and irrigation applications. Soil-water δ18O values revealed that preferential flow and diffuse flow coexist. Preferential flow was active within the root zone, independent of antecedent soil-water content, in both poplar forest and arable land, whereas diffuse flow was observed in grassland. The depleted δ18O spikes at 20–50 cm depth in the arable land suggested the infiltration of irrigation water during the dry season. Temporal isotopic variations in precipitation were subdued in the shallow groundwater, suggesting more complete mixing of different input waters in the unsaturated zone before reaching the shallow groundwater.

","language":"English","publisher":"SpringerLink","doi":"10.1007/s10040-016-1525-5","usgsCitation":"Ma, B., Liang, X., Liu, S., Jin, M., Nimmo, J.R., and Li, J., 2017, Evaluation of diffuse and preferential flow pathways of infiltratedprecipitation and irrigation using oxygen and hydrogen isotopes: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 25, no. 3, p. 675-688, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-016-1525-5.","productDescription":"14 p. 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The U.S. Geological Survey South Atlantic Water Science Center collected borehole geophysical logs and images and continuous water-level data near the GMH Electronics National Priorities List Superfund site near Roxboro, North Carolina, during December 2012 through July 2015. Previous work by the U.S. Geological Survey South Atlantic Water Science Center at the site involved the collection of borehole geophysical log data in 15 wells, in addition to surface geologic mapping and passive diffusion bag sampling. In a continued effort to assist the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in developing a conceptual groundwater model to assess current contaminant distribution and future migration of contaminants, more than 900 subsurface features (primarily fracture orientations) in 10 open borehole wells were delineated and continuous water-level data information from 14 monitoring wells within close proximity of the initially drilled boreholes was collected to observe any induced water-level fluctuations during drilling operations

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Director, South Atlantic Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
720 Gracern Road
Stephenson Center, Suite 129
Columbia, SC 29210
http://www.usgs.gov/water/southatlantic/

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"publishedDate":"2017-01-06","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5874b0aae4b0a829a320bb5f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Antolino, Dominick J. 0000-0001-7838-5279 dantolin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7838-5279","contributorId":5428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Antolino","given":"Dominick","email":"dantolin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":653783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chapman, Melinda J. 0000-0003-4021-0320 mjchap@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4021-0320","contributorId":1597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapman","given":"Melinda","email":"mjchap@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":476,"text":"North Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":653784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70179610,"text":"70179610 - 2017 - Editor’s note","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-19T13:41:37","indexId":"70179610","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1103,"text":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Editor’s note","docAbstract":"

Heavy metal contamination at shooting ranges is well documented (e.g., Heier et al. 2009; Islam et al. 2016). Primarily lead, but also copper, zinc, and antimony often occur at high concentrations in shooting range soils; cadmium, nickel, silver, and arsenic may also be present (Cao et al. 2003; Islam et al. 2016). These metals represent a potential threat to human health and wildlife. Although much of the lead and other metals remains in the soil (Clausen et al. 2011), some metals can also contaminate groundwater and surface water and thereby threaten aquatic life (Heier et al. 2009). Results of a study published in the current issue of the Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (Stauffer et al. 2017) indicate that mercury contamination may also be an issue at shooting ranges, which has not been previously reported.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00128-016-2003-4","usgsCitation":"Schmitt, C.J., 2017, Editor’s note: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 98, no. 1, p. 1-1, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-016-2003-4.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"1","ipdsId":"IP-081601","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470148,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-016-2003-4","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":332941,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"98","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-12-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58772077e4b0315b4c11fe28","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmitt, Christopher J. 0000-0001-6804-2360 cjschmitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6804-2360","contributorId":491,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmitt","given":"Christopher","email":"cjschmitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70181018,"text":"70181018 - 2017 - Predicting cyanobacterial abundance, microcystin, and geosmin in a eutrophic drinking-water reservoir using a 14-year dataset","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-11T16:45:22","indexId":"70181018","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2592,"text":"Lake and Reservoir Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicting cyanobacterial abundance, microcystin, and geosmin in a eutrophic drinking-water reservoir using a 14-year dataset","docAbstract":"

Cyanobacterial blooms degrade water quality in drinking water supply reservoirs by producing toxic and taste-and-odor causing secondary metabolites, which ultimately cause public health concerns and lead to increased treatment costs for water utilities. There have been numerous attempts to create models that predict cyanobacteria and their secondary metabolites, most using linear models; however, linear models are limited by assumptions about the data and have had limited success as predictive tools. Thus, lake and reservoir managers need improved modeling techniques that can accurately predict large bloom events that have the highest impact on recreational activities and drinking-water treatment processes. In this study, we compared 12 unique linear and nonlinear regression modeling techniques to predict cyanobacterial abundance and the cyanobacterial secondary metabolites microcystin and geosmin using 14 years of physiochemical water quality data collected from Cheney Reservoir, Kansas. Support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), boosted tree (BT), and Cubist modeling techniques were the most predictive of the compared modeling approaches. SVM, RF, and BT modeling techniques were able to successfully predict cyanobacterial abundance, microcystin, and geosmin concentrations <60,000 cells/mL, 2.5 µg/L, and 20 ng/L, respectively. Only Cubist modeling predicted maxima concentrations of cyanobacteria and geosmin; no modeling technique was able to predict maxima microcystin concentrations. Because maxima concentrations are a primary concern for lake and reservoir managers, Cubist modeling may help predict the largest and most noxious concentrations of cyanobacteria and their secondary metabolites.

","language":"English","publisher":"Informa UK Limited","doi":"10.1080/10402381.2016.1263694","usgsCitation":"Harris, T.D., and Graham, J., 2017, Predicting cyanobacterial abundance, microcystin, and geosmin in a eutrophic drinking-water reservoir using a 14-year dataset: Lake and Reservoir Management, no. 33, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1080/10402381.2016.1263694.","productDescription":"17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-078030","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":335169,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","otherGeospatial":"Cheney Reservoir","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.94174194335936,\n 37.666429212090605\n ],\n [\n -97.94174194335936,\n 37.845037026243425\n ],\n [\n -97.72270202636717,\n 37.845037026243425\n ],\n [\n -97.72270202636717,\n 37.666429212090605\n ],\n [\n -97.94174194335936,\n 37.666429212090605\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","issue":"33","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"589ffedfe4b099f50d3e0436","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harris, Ted D.","contributorId":149758,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harris","given":"Ted","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":663305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Graham, Jennifer L. 0000-0002-6420-9335 jlgraham@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6420-9335","contributorId":150737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graham","given":"Jennifer L.","email":"jlgraham@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":663304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70179601,"text":"70179601 - 2017 - Simulated mussel mortality thresholds as a function of mussel biomass and nutrient loading","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-05T10:53:43","indexId":"70179601","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3840,"text":"PeerJ","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Simulated mussel mortality thresholds as a function of mussel biomass and nutrient loading","docAbstract":"

A freshwater “mussel mortality threshold” was explored as a function of porewater ammonium (NH4+) concentration, mussel biomass, and total nitrogen (N) utilizing a numerical model calibrated with data from mesocosms with and without mussels. A mortality threshold of 2 mg-N L−1 porewater NH4+ was selected based on a study that estimated 100% mortality of juvenile Lampsilis mussels exposed to 1.9 mg-N L−1NH4+ in equilibrium with 0.18 mg-N L−1 NH3. At the highest simulated mussel biomass (560 g m−2) and the lowest simulated influent water “food” concentration (0.1 mg-N L−1), the porewater NH4+ concentration after a 2,160 h timespan without mussels was 0.5 mg-N L−1 compared to 2.25 mg-N L−1 with mussels. Continuing these simulations while varying mussel biomass and N content yielded a mortality threshold contour that was essentially linear which contradicted the non-linear and non-monotonic relationship suggested by Strayer (2014). Our model suggests that mussels spatially focus nutrients from the overlying water to the sediments as evidenced by elevated porewater NH4+ in mesocosms with mussels. However, our previous work and the model utilized here show elevated concentrations of nitrite and nitrate in overlying waters as an indirect consequence of mussel activity. Even when the simulated overlying water food availability was quite low, the mortality threshold was reached at a mussel biomass of about 480 g m−2. At a food concentration of 10 mg-N L−1, the mortality threshold was reached at a biomass of about 250 g m−2. Our model suggests the mortality threshold for juvenile Lampsilis species could be exceeded at low mussel biomass if exposed for even a short time to the highly elevated total N loadings endemic to the agricultural Midwest.

","language":"English","publisher":"PeerJ","doi":"10.7717/peerj.2838","usgsCitation":"Bril, J.S., Langenfeld, K., Just, C.L., Spak, S.N., and Newton, T., 2017, Simulated mussel mortality thresholds as a function of mussel biomass and nutrient loading: PeerJ, v. 5, e2838; 17 p., https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2838.","productDescription":"e2838; 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-072131","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470149,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2838","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":332924,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"586f69a2e4b01a71ba0bc8fb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bril, Jeremy S.","contributorId":178035,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bril","given":"Jeremy","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Langenfeld, Kathryn","contributorId":178036,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Langenfeld","given":"Kathryn","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Just, Craig L.","contributorId":178037,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Just","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Spak, Scott N.","contributorId":178038,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Spak","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Newton, Teresa 0000-0001-9351-5852 tnewton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9351-5852","contributorId":150098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newton","given":"Teresa","email":"tnewton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70179446,"text":"70179446 - 2017 - Shallow water benthic imaging and substrate characterization using recreational-grade sidescan-sonar","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-03T11:42:07","indexId":"70179446","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1551,"text":"Environmental Modelling and Software","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Shallow water benthic imaging and substrate characterization using recreational-grade sidescan-sonar","docAbstract":"

In recent years, lightweight, inexpensive, vessel-mounted ‘recreational grade’ sonar systems have rapidly grown in popularity among aquatic scientists, for swath imaging of benthic substrates. To promote an ongoing ‘democratization’ of acoustical imaging of shallow water environments, methods to carry out geometric and radiometric correction and georectification of sonar echograms are presented, based on simplified models for sonar-target geometry and acoustic backscattering and attenuation in shallow water. Procedures are described for automated removal of the acoustic shadows, identification of bed-water interface for situations when the water is too turbid or turbulent for reliable depth echosounding, and for automated bed substrate classification based on singlebeam full-waveform analysis. These methods are encoded in an open-source and freely-available software package, which should further facilitate use of recreational-grade sidescan sonar, in a fully automated and objective manner. The sequential correction, mapping, and analysis steps are demonstrated using a data set from a shallow freshwater environment.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.envsoft.2016.12.003","usgsCitation":"Buscombe, D.D., 2017, Shallow water benthic imaging and substrate characterization using recreational-grade sidescan-sonar: Environmental Modelling and Software, p. 1-18, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2016.12.003.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"18","ipdsId":"IP-073207","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470156,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://eartharxiv.org/gfxa6/","text":"External Repository"},{"id":332729,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"89","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"586cc68ce4b0f5ce109fa93b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buscombe, Daniel D. 0000-0001-6217-5584 dbuscombe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6217-5584","contributorId":5020,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buscombe","given":"Daniel","email":"dbuscombe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70179438,"text":"70179438 - 2017 - Spatial and temporal patterns of dissolved organic matter quantity and quality in the Mississippi River Basin, 1997–2013","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-15T15:39:56","indexId":"70179438","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial and temporal patterns of dissolved organic matter quantity and quality in the Mississippi River Basin, 1997–2013","docAbstract":"

Recent studies have found insignificant or decreasing trends in time-series dissolved organic carbon (DOC) datasets, questioning the assumption that long-term DOC concentrations in surface waters are increasing in response to anthropogenic forcing, including climate change, land use, and atmospheric acid deposition. We used the weighted regressions on time, discharge, and season (WRTDS) model to estimate annual flow-normalized concentrations and fluxes to determine if changes in DOC quantity and quality signal anthropogenic forcing at 10 locations in the Mississippi River Basin. Despite increases in agriculture and urban development throughout the basin, net increases in DOC concentration and flux were significant at only 3 of 10 sites from 1997 to 2013 and ranged between −3.5% to +18% and −0.1 to 19%, respectively. Positive shifts in DOC quality, characterized by increasing specific ultraviolet absorbance at 254 nm, ranged between +8% and +45%, but only occurred at one of the sites with significant DOC quantity increases. Basinwide reductions in atmospheric sulfate deposition did not result in large increases in DOC either, likely because of the high buffering capacity of the soil. Hydroclimatic factors including annual discharge, precipitation, and temperature did not significantly change during the 17-year timespan of this study, which contrasts with results from previous studies showing significant increases in precipitation and discharge over a century time scale. Our study also contrasts with those from smaller catchments, which have shown stronger DOC responses to climate, land use, and acidic deposition. This temporal and spatial analysis indicated that there was a potential change in DOC sources in the Mississippi River Basin between 1997 and 2013. However, the overall magnitude of DOC trends was not large, and the pattern in quantity and quality increases for the 10 study sites was not consistent throughout the basin.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.11072","usgsCitation":"Stackpoole, S.M., Stets, E., Clow, D.W., Burns, D.A., Aiken, G.R., Aulenbach, B.T., Creed, I., Hirsch, R.M., Laudon, H., Pellerin, B., and Striegl, R.G., 2017, Spatial and temporal patterns of dissolved organic matter quantity and quality in the Mississippi River Basin, 1997–2013: Hydrological Processes, v. 31, no. 4, p. 902-915, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.11072.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"902","endPage":"915","ipdsId":"IP-066770","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":29789,"text":"John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470153,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.11072","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":332738,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-12-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"586cc68ee4b0f5ce109fa93d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stackpoole, Sarah M. 0000-0002-5876-4922 sstackpoole@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5876-4922","contributorId":3784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stackpoole","given":"Sarah","email":"sstackpoole@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stets, Edward G. estets@usgs.gov","contributorId":174182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stets","given":"Edward G.","email":"estets@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":657187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clow, David W. 0000-0001-6183-4824 dwclow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6183-4824","contributorId":1671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clow","given":"David","email":"dwclow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Burns, Douglas A. 0000-0001-6516-2869 daburns@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6516-2869","contributorId":1237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burns","given":"Douglas","email":"daburns@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Aiken, George R. 0000-0001-8454-0984 graiken@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8454-0984","contributorId":1322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aiken","given":"George","email":"graiken@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Aulenbach, Brent T. 0000-0003-2863-1288 btaulenb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2863-1288","contributorId":3057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aulenbach","given":"Brent","email":"btaulenb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":316,"text":"Georgia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Creed, Irena F.","contributorId":81209,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Creed","given":"Irena F.","affiliations":[{"id":27655,"text":"Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":657191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hirsch, Robert M. 0000-0002-4534-075X rhirsch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4534-075X","contributorId":2005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hirsch","given":"Robert","email":"rhirsch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37316,"text":"WMA - Integrated Information Dissemination Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Laudon, Hjalmar","contributorId":46812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laudon","given":"Hjalmar","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Pellerin, Brian A. 0000-0003-3712-7884 bpeller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3712-7884","contributorId":147077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pellerin","given":"Brian","email":"bpeller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Striegl, Robert G. 0000-0002-8251-4659 rstriegl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8251-4659","contributorId":1630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Striegl","given":"Robert","email":"rstriegl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":657195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70202397,"text":"70202397 - 2017 - Engaging the user community for advancing societal applications of the Surface Water Ocean Topography mission","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-01T10:14:28","indexId":"70202397","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T16:51:22","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1112,"text":"Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society","onlineIssn":"1520-0477","printIssn":"0003-0007","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Engaging the user community for advancing societal applications of the Surface Water Ocean Topography mission","docAbstract":"

Scheduled for launch in 2021, the Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission will be a truly unique mission that will provide high-temporal-frequency maps of surface water extents and elevation variations of global water bodies (lakes/reservoirs, rivers, estuaries, oceans, and sea ice) at higher spatial resolution than is available with current technologies (Biancamaria et al. 2016; Alsdorf et al. 2007). The primary instrument on SWOT is based on a Ka-band radar interferometer (KaRIN), which uses radar interferometery technology. The satellite will fly two radar antennas at either end of a 10-m (33 ft) mast, allowing it to measure the elevation of the surface along a 120-km (75 mi)-wide swath below. The availability of high-frequency and high-resolution maps of elevations and extents for surface water bodies and oceans will present unique opportunities to address numerous societally relevant challenges around the globe (Srinivasan et al. 2015). These opportunities may include such diverse and far-ranging applications as fisheries management, flood inundation mapping/risk mitigation/forecasting, wildlife conservation, global data assimilation for improving forecast of ocean tides and weather, reservoir management, climate change impacts and adaptation, and river discharge estimation, among others.

Although SWOT is a research mission and not scheduled for launch for another 4 years, there is a need to build engagement within the application community now and to explore how best to advance the societal relevance and benefits of the SWOT mission from concept to reality. The SWOT Applications Working Group organized a workshop on 5–6 April 2017 at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) headquarters in Reston, Virginia. The goal of the workshop was to understand and communicate how the applications community can use SWOT data to address problems of profound societal relevance.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Society","doi":"10.1175/BAMS-D-17-0161.1","usgsCitation":"Hossain, F., Srinivasan, M., Peterson, C., Andral, A., Beighley, E., Anderson, E., Amini, R., Birkett, C., Bjerklie, D.M., Blain, C.A., Cherchali, S., David, C.H., Doorn, B.D., Escurra, J., Fu, L., Frans, C., Fulton, J.W., Gangopadhyay, S., Ghosh, S., Gleason, C., Gosset, M., Hausman, J., Jacobs, G., Jones, J., Kaheil, Y., Laignel, B., Le Moigne, P., Li, L., Lefevre, F., Mason, Mehta, A., Mukherjee, A., Nguy-Robertson, A., Ricci, S., Paris, A., Pavelsky, T., Picot, N., Schumann, G., Shrestha, S., Le Traon, P., and Trehubenko, E., 2017, Engaging the user community for advancing societal applications of the Surface Water Ocean Topography mission: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, v. November 2017, p. 285-290, https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-17-0161.1.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"285","endPage":"290","ipdsId":"IP-088409","costCenters":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470158,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-17-0161.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":361624,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"November 2017","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hossain, Faisal","contributorId":147883,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hossain","given":"Faisal","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":758311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Srinivasan, Margaret","contributorId":213702,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Srinivasan","given":"Margaret","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":758312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Peterson, Craig","contributorId":213703,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peterson","given":"Craig","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":758313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Andral, Alice","contributorId":213704,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Andral","given":"Alice","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":758314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Beighley, Ed","contributorId":213705,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beighley","given":"Ed","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":758315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Anderson, 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Avian influenza viruses (AIV) affect many species of birds including waterfowl and may persist in sediment in aquatic habitats. Sediment samples were collected from two areas representative of prime migration and overwintering waterfowl habitat in Dorchester County, Maryland in the fall and winter of 2013–2014. Samples were screened for the presence of AIV via reverse transcriptase–quantitative PCR targeting the matrix gene. Although 13.6% of sediment samples were positive for the AIV matrix gene across all collection dates and locations, differences in detection were noted with location and collection season. Percentage of AIV-positive sediment samples recovered corresponded to trends in waterfowl abundance at collection sites both temporally and spatially. These findings provide further support for the assertion that the presence of AIV in the aquatic environment is likely affected by the total number, site-specific density, and array of waterfowl species.

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0000-0002-5302-8280","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5302-8280","contributorId":205907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Littell","given":"Jeremy","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":107,"text":"Alaska Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":748959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Thompson, Julianne","contributorId":210670,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thompson","given":"Julianne","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":751424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70200772,"text":"70200772 - 2017 - Food-web structure in canyon and slope-associated fauna revealed by stable isotopes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-16T13:35:14","indexId":"70200772","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T13:35:08","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5709,"text":"OCS Study","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"BOEM 2017-060","title":"Food-web structure in canyon and slope-associated fauna revealed by stable isotopes","docAbstract":"

Food webs and associated trophic linkages among organisms are central themes in ecology that provide insight into the structure and function of ecosystems. In the deep sea, food webs rely on particulate flux raining from surface waters for energy (Klages et al. 2003), except for chemosynthetic communities, which rely on in situ production via chemosynthesis (Van Dover 2007). In general, the deep sea is a food limited environment because only a small percentage of organic carbon produced in surface waters settles to the seafloor (Gage and Tyler 1991, Klages et al. 2003, De La Rocha and Passow 2007). In contrast, relative to more quiescent slope environments, canyons can experience dynamic flow and turbulence. Internal tides can enhance turbulent mixing near the canyon seafloor leading to resuspension of sediments. Channeling of organic matter in deepsea canyons can enhance benthic productivity leading to high biodiversity (Vetter and Dayton 1998, 1999) and trophic complexity (Stefanescu et al. 1994, Cartes and Sorbe 1999). Thus, there may be a decoupling between the benthic-productivity relationships in canyon environments where food limitation may not be a driving factor influencing community structure. However, there have been only a few studies, often limited in depth range and spatial scale, that have examined the trophic pathways of deepsea canyons relative to adjacent slope environments (Duineveld et al. 2001, Fanelli et al. 2009, Cartes et al. 2010, Jeffreys et al. 2011).

","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Exploration and Research of Mid-Atlantic Deepwater Hard Bottom Habitats and Shipwrecks with Emphasis on Canyons and Coral Communities: Atlantic Deepwater Canyons Study","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Atlantic OCS Region","usgsCitation":"Demopoulos, A.W., McClain-Counts, J.P., Ross, S., Brooke, S., and Rhode, M., 2017, Food-web structure in canyon and slope-associated fauna revealed by stable isotopes: OCS Study BOEM 2017-060, v. 1, 76 p.","productDescription":"76 p.","startPage":"785","endPage":"860","ipdsId":"IP-090158","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":359518,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":359016,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.boem.gov/espis/5/5655.pdf"}],"volume":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5befe5bde4b045bfcadf7f4c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Demopoulos, Amanda W. J. 0000-0003-2096-4694","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2096-4694","contributorId":206536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Demopoulos","given":"Amanda","email":"","middleInitial":"W. J.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McClain-Counts, Jennifer P. 0000-0002-3383-5472 jmcclaincounts@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3383-5472","contributorId":200713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McClain-Counts","given":"Jennifer","email":"jmcclaincounts@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ross, Steve W.","contributorId":41134,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ross","given":"Steve W.","affiliations":[{"id":32398,"text":"University of North Carolina Wilmington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":750455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brooke, Sandra","contributorId":150169,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brooke","given":"Sandra","affiliations":[{"id":7092,"text":"Florida State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":750456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rhode, Michael","contributorId":210318,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rhode","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":32398,"text":"University of North Carolina Wilmington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":750457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70202263,"text":"70202263 - 2017 - Ecology of the Eastern Kingsnake (Lampropeltis getula) at Rainey Slough, Florida: A vanished Eden","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-19T12:33:11","indexId":"70202263","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T12:33:04","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1896,"text":"Herpetological Monographs","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Ecology of the Eastern Kingsnake (Lampropeltis getula) at Rainey Slough, Florida: A vanished Eden","title":"Ecology of the Eastern Kingsnake (Lampropeltis getula) at Rainey Slough, Florida: A vanished Eden","docAbstract":"

Eastern Kingsnakes (Lampropeltis getula) are an important component and predator in herpetofaunal communities, but many Eastern Kingsnake populations have declined precipitously in the last few decades, particularly in the southeastern United States. Here, we describe an intensive capture–mark–recapture study of L. getula conducted during 1974–1978 in a canal bank–Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) community at Rainey Slough in southern Florida, where annual capture probabilities of adults ranged from 0.662–0.787. Population size and structure, seasonal activity, movements, microhabitat use, behavior, thermal ecology, and predator–prey relationships are described. At this site kingsnakes were susceptible to capture mostly in winter and spring, were diurnal, used rodent (Sigmodon hispidus) burrows on canal banks as nocturnal retreats, and emerged from burrows on 13–26% of the sampling days. Overlap of burrow use by both sexes was extensive with no evidence of territoriality. Kingsnakes readily entered the Water Hyacinths to bask, pursue mates, and forage. At Rainey Slough only snakes were detected in the diet of kingsnakes. Concurrent sampling of potential snake prey in the hyacinths and on canal banks revealed 10 species that varied in use of the two sampled habitats and in body size. A range-wide analysis confirmed that in descending order snakes, reptile eggs, and lizards dominate the diet of L. getula in Florida (94.8%) and remain important prey types elsewhere (80.2%). At Rainey Slough the density of six species of semiaquatic snakes in Water Hyacinths averaged 3534 individuals/ha with a mean annual biomass of 135.8 kg/ha, and kingsnake biomass was only 2.2–3.9% of prey snake biomass. We estimated that the kingsnake population consumed 36.82–63.58 kg/yr, or about 10.0–17.2% of the standing crop of snakes in the Water Hyacinth community. Adult male L. getula lost on average 39.3% of their body mass associated with the spring reproductive season, whereas females lost only 3.4% in the same period. Body condition indices for both sexes improved substantially thereafter. In follow-up surveys at Rainey Slough during 2006–2010 no kingsnakes were found. Semiaquatic snake densities in the Water Hyacinths were 77.2% lower (807.4/ha) than in the 1970s and consisted of only three species. Compared to the enigmatic declines and extirpation of L. getula populations elsewhere, at Rainey Slough the primary cause likely was unsustainable mortality from road reconstruction and paving in the winter–spring of 1979 and subsequent roadkill. Other potentially causative agents of extirpation of L. getula in this system are discussed.

","language":"English","publisher":"The Herpetologists' League","doi":"10.1655/HERPMONOGRAPHS-D-16-00006.1","usgsCitation":"Godley, J.S., Halstead, B., and McDiarmid, R.W., 2017, Ecology of the Eastern Kingsnake (Lampropeltis getula) at Rainey Slough, Florida: A vanished Eden: Herpetological Monographs, v. 31, no. 1, p. 47-68, https://doi.org/10.1655/HERPMONOGRAPHS-D-16-00006.1.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"47","endPage":"68","ipdsId":"IP-075489","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":361343,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Rainey Slough","volume":"31","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Godley, J. Steve","contributorId":213355,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Godley","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Steve","affiliations":[{"id":38739,"text":"Cardno, 3905 Crescent Park Drive, Riverview, FL, 33578, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":757546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Halstead, Brian J. 0000-0002-5535-6528 bhalstead@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5535-6528","contributorId":3051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halstead","given":"Brian J.","email":"bhalstead@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":757547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McDiarmid, Roy W. 0000-0002-7649-1796 rmcdiarmid@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7649-1796","contributorId":3603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDiarmid","given":"Roy","email":"rmcdiarmid@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":757545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}