The analyses of both O and N isotopic compositions of nitrate have many potential applications in studies of nitrate sources and reactions in hydrology, oceanography, and atmospheric chemistry, but simple and precise methods for these analyses have yet to be developed. Testing of a new method involving reaction of potassium nitrate with catalyzed graphite (C + Pd + Au) at 520 °C resulted in quantitative recovery of N and O from nitrate as free CO2, K2CO3, and N2. The δ18O values of nitrate reference materials were obtained by analyzing both the CO2 and K2CO3 from catalyzed graphite combustion. Provisional values of δ18OVSMOW for the internationally distributed KNO3 reference materials IAEA-N3 and USGS-32 were both equal to +22.7 ± 0.5‰. Because the fraction of free CO2 and the isotopic fractionation factor between CO2 and K2CO3 were constant in the combustion products, the δ18O value of KNO3 could be calculated from measurements of the δ18O of free CO2. Thus, δ18OKNO3 = aδ18Ofree CO2 − b, where a and b were equal to 0.9967 and 3.3, respectively, for the specific conditions of the experiments. The catalyzed graphite combustion method can be used to determine δ18O of KNO3 from measurements of δ18O of free CO2 with reproducibility on the order of ±0.2‰ or better if local reference materials are prepared and analyzed with the samples. Reproducibility of δ15N was ±0.1‰ after trace amounts of CO were removed.
","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/ac9610523","issn":"00032700","usgsCitation":"Revesz, K., Böhlke, J., and Yoshinari, T., 1997, Determination of δ18O and δ15N in Nitrate: Analytical Chemistry, v. 69, no. 21, p. 4375-4380, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac9610523.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"4375","endPage":"4380","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226842,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"69","issue":"21","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1997-11-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ff86e4b0c8380cd4f235","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Revesz, K.","contributorId":95202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Revesz","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Böhlke, J.K. 0000-0001-5693-6455","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":96696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Böhlke","given":"J.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yoshinari, T.","contributorId":56391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yoshinari","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70019463,"text":"70019463 - 1997 - Organic carbon and nitrogen content associated with colloids and suspended particulates from the Mississippi River and some of its tributaries","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-04T10:49:28","indexId":"70019463","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Organic carbon and nitrogen content associated with colloids and suspended particulates from the Mississippi River and some of its tributaries","docAbstract":"Suspended material samples were collected at 16 sites along the Mississippi River and some of its tributaries during July-August 1991, October-November 1991, and April-May 1992, and separated into colloid and particulate fractions to determine the organic carbon content of these two fractions of suspended material. Sample collection involved centrifugation to isolate the suspended particulate fraction and ultrafiltration to isolate the colloid fraction. For the first time, particulate and colloid concentrations and organic carbon and nitrogen content were investigated along the entire reach of the Mississippi River from above Minneapolis, Minnesota, to below New Orleans, Louisiana. Organic carbon content of the colloid (15.2 percent) was much higher than organic carbon content of the particulate material (4.8 percent). Carbon/nitrogen ratios of colloid and particulate phases were more similar to ratios for microorganisms than to ratios for soils, humic materials, or plants.Suspended material samples were collected at 16 sites along the Mississippi River and some of its tributaries during July-August 1991, October-November 1991, and April-May 1992, and separated into colloid and particulate fractions to determine the organic carbon content of these two fractions of suspended material. Sample collection involved centrifugation to isolate the suspended particulate fraction and ultrafiltration to isolate the colloid fraction. For the first time, particulate and colloid concentrations and organic carbon and nitrogen content were investigated along the entire reach of the Mississippi River from above Minneapolis, Minnesota, to below New Orleans, Louisiana. Organic carbon content of the colloid (15.2 percent) was much higher than organic carbon content of the particulate material (4.8 percent). Carbon/nitrogen ratios of colloid and particulate phases were more similar to ratios for microorganisms than to ratios for soils, humic materials, or plants.","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es970196b","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Rostad, C., Leenheer, J., and Daniel, S., 1997, Organic carbon and nitrogen content associated with colloids and suspended particulates from the Mississippi River and some of its tributaries: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 31, no. 11, p. 3218-3225, https://doi.org/10.1021/es970196b.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"3218","endPage":"3225","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":226840,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":205796,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es970196b"}],"volume":"31","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1997-10-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6f8fe4b0c8380cd75b65","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rostad, C.E.","contributorId":50939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rostad","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leenheer, J.A.","contributorId":75123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leenheer","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Daniel, S.R.","contributorId":28379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daniel","given":"S.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70020203,"text":"70020203 - 1997 - A reconnaissance study of oxygen, hydrogen and strontium isotopes in geochemically diverse lakes, Western Nebraska, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:43","indexId":"70020203","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2411,"text":"Journal of Paleolimnology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A reconnaissance study of oxygen, hydrogen and strontium isotopes in geochemically diverse lakes, Western Nebraska, USA","docAbstract":"Reconnaissance ??18O,, ??D, and ??87Sr data for fifteen lakes in the Western Lakes Region of the Sand Hills of Nebraska indicate dynamic hydrologic systems. The rather narrow range of ??87Sr from lake water (1.1 to 2.1) and groundwater (0.9 to 1.7) indicates that the groundwater is generally unradiogenic. Groundwater residence times and relatively unradiogenic volcanic ash within the dune sediments control the ??87Sr values. Based on the mutual variations of ??18O and ??D, the lakes can be divided into three groups. In Group 1, both ??18O and ??D values increase from spring to fall. The ??18O and ??D values in Group 2 decreased from spring to fall. Group 3 are ephemeral lakes that went dry some time during 1992. The data and isotopic modeling show that variations in the ratio of evaporation relative to groundwater inflow, local humidity conditions, and the ??(a) has substantial influence on the isotopic composition. In addition, isotopic behavior in ephemeral hakes can be rather unusual because of the changing activities of water and mineral precipitation and redissolution. The annual and interannual isotopic variability of these lakes which is reflected in the paleonvironmental indicators may be the rule rather than the exception in these types of systems.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Paleolimnology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1023/A:1007913010057","issn":"09212728","usgsCitation":"Gosselin, D., Nabelek, P., Peterman, Z.E., and Sibray, S., 1997, A reconnaissance study of oxygen, hydrogen and strontium isotopes in geochemically diverse lakes, Western Nebraska, USA: Journal of Paleolimnology, v. 17, no. 1, p. 51-65, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1007913010057.","startPage":"51","endPage":"65","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":206844,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007913010057"},{"id":230927,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e53ae4b0c8380cd46c01","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gosselin, D.C.","contributorId":93237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gosselin","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nabelek, P.E.","contributorId":102657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nabelek","given":"P.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Peterman, Z. E.","contributorId":63781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterman","given":"Z.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sibray, S.","contributorId":101041,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sibray","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70019394,"text":"70019394 - 1997 - Method for determination of methyl tert-butyl ether and its degradation products in water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-04T10:47:30","indexId":"70019394","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Method for determination of methyl tert-butyl ether and its degradation products in water","docAbstract":"An analytical method is described that can detect the major alkyl ether compounds that are used as gasoline oxygenates (methyl tert-butyl ether, MTBE; ethyl tert-butyl ether, ETBE; and tert-amyl methyl ether, TAME) and their most characteristic degradation products (tert-butyl alcohol, TBA; tert-butyl formate, TBF; and tert-amyl alcohol, TAA) in water at sub-ppb concentrations. The new method involves gas chromatography (GC) with direct aqueous injection (DAI) onto a polar column via a splitless injector, coupled with detection by mass spectrometry (MS). DAI-GC/MS gives excellent agreement with conventional purge-and-trap methods for MTBE over a wide range of environmentally relevant concentrations. The new method can also give simultaneous identification of polar compounds that might occur as degradation products of gasoline oxygenates, such as TBA, TBF, TAA, methyl acetate, and acetone. When the method was applied to effluent from a column microcosm prepared with core material from an urban site in New Jersey, conversion of MTBE to TBA was observed after a lag period of 35 days. However, to date, analyses of water samples from six field sites using the DAI-GC/MS method have not produced evidence for the expected products of in situ degradation of MTBE.An analytical method is described that can detect the major alkyl ether compounds that are used as gasoline oxygenates (methyl tert-butyl ether, MTBE; ethyl tert-butyl ether, ETBE; and tert-amyl methyl ether, TAME) and their most characteristic degradation products (tert-butyl alcohol, TBA; tert-butyl formate, TBF; and tert-amyl alcohol, TAA) in water at sub-ppb concentrations. The new method involves gas chromatography (GC) with direct aqueous injection (DAI) onto a polar column via a splitless injector, coupled with detection by mass spectrometry (MS). DAI-GC/MS gives excellent agreement with conventional purge-and-trap methods for MTBE over a wide range of environmentally relevant concentrations. The new method can also give simultaneous identification of polar compounds that might occur as degradation products of gasoline oxygenates, such as TBA, TBF, TAA, methyl acetate, and acetone. When the method was applied to effluent from a column microcosm prepared with core material from an urban site in New Jersey, conversion of MTBE to TBA was observed after a lag period of 35 days. However, to date, analyses of water samples from six field sites using the DAI-GC/MS method have not produced evidence for the expected products of in situ degradation of MTBE.","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es9705452","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Church, C., Isabelle, L., Pankow, J.F., Rose, D., and Tratnyek, P., 1997, Method for determination of methyl tert-butyl ether and its degradation products in water: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 31, no. 12, p. 3723-3726, https://doi.org/10.1021/es9705452.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"3723","endPage":"3726","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":226964,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":205820,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es9705452"}],"volume":"31","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1997-11-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a554de4b0c8380cd6d1a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Church, C.D.","contributorId":55583,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Church","given":"C.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Isabelle, L.M.","contributorId":54746,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Isabelle","given":"L.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pankow, J. F.","contributorId":20917,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pankow","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rose, D.L.","contributorId":36960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tratnyek, P.G.","contributorId":17777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tratnyek","given":"P.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70019388,"text":"70019388 - 1997 - Effects of exchanged cation on the microporosity of montmorillonite","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-08T16:45:43","indexId":"70019388","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1245,"text":"Clays and Clay Minerals","onlineIssn":"1552-8367","printIssn":"0009-8604","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of exchanged cation on the microporosity of montmorillonite","docAbstract":"The micropore volumes of 2 montmorillonites (SAz-1 and SWy-1), each exchanged with Ca, Na, K, Cs and tetramethylammonium (TMA) ions, were calculated from the measured vapor adsorption data of N2 and neo-hexane by use of t- and αs-plots. The corresponding surface areas of the exchanged clays were determined from Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) plots of N2 adsorption data. Micropore volumes and surface areas of the samples increased with the size of exchanged cation: TMA > Cs > K > Ca > Na. The SAz-1 exchanged clays showed generally greater micropore volumes and surface areas than the corresponding SWy-1 clays. The vapor adsorption data and d(001) measurements for dry clay samples were used together to evaluate the likely locations and accessibility of clay micropores, especially the relative accessibility of their interlayer spacing. For both source clays exchanged with Na, Ca and K ions, the interlayer spacing appeared to be too small to admit nonpolar gases and the accessible micropores appeared to have dimensions greater than 5.0 Å, the limiting molecular dimension of neo-hexane. In these systems, there was a good consistency of micropore volumes detected by N2 and neo-hexane. When the clays were intercalated with relatively large cations (TMA and possibly Cs), the large layer expansion created additional microporosity, which was more readily accessible to small N2 than to relatively large neo-hexane. Hence, the micropore volume as detected by N2 was greater than that detected by neo-hexane. The micropore volumes with pore dimensions greater than 5 Å determined for clays exchanged with Na, Ca and K likely resulted from the pores on particle edges and void created by overlap regions of layers. The increase in micropore volumes with pore dimensions less than 5 Å determined for clays exchanged with TMA and possibly Cs could be caused by opening of the interlayer region by the intercalation of these large cations.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Clay Minerals Society","doi":"10.1346/CCMN.1997.0450405","usgsCitation":"Rutherford, D.W., Chiou, C.T., and Eberl, D.D., 1997, Effects of exchanged cation on the microporosity of montmorillonite: Clays and Clay Minerals, v. 45, no. 4, p. 534-543, https://doi.org/10.1346/CCMN.1997.0450405.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"534","endPage":"543","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":226878,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a06e2e4b0c8380cd51479","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rutherford, David W. dwruther@usgs.gov","contributorId":1325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rutherford","given":"David","email":"dwruther@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":382563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chiou, Cary T. 0000-0002-8743-0702","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8743-0702","contributorId":189558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chiou","given":"Cary","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eberl, Dennis D.","contributorId":68388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eberl","given":"Dennis","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70019383,"text":"70019383 - 1997 - Resolution of matrix effects on analysis of total and methyl mercury in aqueous samples from the Florida Everglades","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-13T06:18:14","indexId":"70019383","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1695,"text":"Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Resolution of matrix effects on analysis of total and methyl mercury in aqueous samples from the Florida Everglades","docAbstract":"Aqueous samples from the Florida Everglades present several problems for the analysis of total mercury (HgT) and methyl mercury (MeHg). Constituents such as dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and sulfide at selected sites present particular challenges due to interferences with standard analytical techniques. This is manifested by 1) the inability to discern when bromine monochloride (BrCl) addition is sufficient for sample oxidation for HgT analysis; and 2) incomplete spike recoveries using the distillation/ethylation technique for MeHg analysis. Here, we suggest ultra-violet (UV) oxidation prior to addition of BrCl to ensure total oxidation of DOC prior to HgT analysis and copper sulfate (CuSO4) addition to aid in distillation in the presence of sulfide for MeHg analysis. Despite high chloride (Cl-) levels, we observed no effects on MeHg distillation/ethylation analyses.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s002160050435","issn":"09370633","usgsCitation":"Olson, M., Cleckner, L., Hurley, J., Krabbenhoft, D., and Heelan, T., 1997, Resolution of matrix effects on analysis of total and methyl mercury in aqueous samples from the Florida Everglades: Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry, v. 358, no. 3, p. 392-396, https://doi.org/10.1007/s002160050435.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"392","endPage":"396","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":226788,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"358","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa9d6e4b0c8380cd85fd2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Olson, M.L.","contributorId":21989,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olson","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cleckner, L.B.","contributorId":29966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cleckner","given":"L.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hurley, J.P.","contributorId":97645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hurley","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Krabbenhoft, D. P. 0000-0003-1964-5020","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1964-5020","contributorId":90765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krabbenhoft","given":"D. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Heelan, T.W.","contributorId":36696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heelan","given":"T.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70020084,"text":"70020084 - 1997 - A diatom record of climate and hydrology for the past 200 KA from Owens Lake, California with comparison to other Breat Basin records","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:20","indexId":"70020084","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3219,"text":"Quaternary Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A diatom record of climate and hydrology for the past 200 KA from Owens Lake, California with comparison to other Breat Basin records","docAbstract":"Diatoms from lake sediments beneath Owens Lake playa, Inyo County, California, document a nearly continuous paleolimnological record of climate and hydrologic change since the penultimate glacial-interglacial cycle based on a chronology established by radiocarbon, tephrochronology, and paleomagnetic control. Freshwater planktic diatoms (especially species of Stephanodiscus), plagioclase feldspar-rich sediments with high magnetic susceptibility, and Juniperus-type pollen characterized the penultimate glaciation at Owens Lake. Saline diatoms dominated in the following interglacial period, and there are several episodes during which freshwater planktic diatoms became abundant between 100 and 50 ka that may represent interstadial climatic conditions. Saline diatoms fell to low values after 50 ka, but warm-season Aulacoseira species indicate episodes of significant summer precipitation in the hydrologic balance of Owens Lake prior to the last glacial maximum. By 25 ka, glacial environments were again characterized by abundant Juniperus, plagioclase feldspar, and Stephanodiscus species. Generally and Holocene climates were recorded in Owens Lake by short-term fluctuations of saline and freshwater diatoms, desiccation, and oolitic sediments barren of diatoms. Comparison to paleoclimate records both north and south of Owens Lake suggest a southerly displacement of storm tracks originating from the Aleutian Low during glacial episodes.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary Science Reviews","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0277-3791(96)00054-6","issn":"02773791","usgsCitation":"Bradbury, J., 1997, A diatom record of climate and hydrology for the past 200 KA from Owens Lake, California with comparison to other Breat Basin records: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 16, no. 2, p. 203-219, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0277-3791(96)00054-6.","startPage":"203","endPage":"219","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205981,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0277-3791(96)00054-6"},{"id":227749,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e3b4e4b0c8380cd461b0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradbury, J.P.","contributorId":14431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradbury","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70174315,"text":"70174315 - 1997 - The spring runoff pulse from the Sierra Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-30T19:31:47.018553","indexId":"70174315","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3914,"text":"Interagency Ecological Program Newsletter","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The spring runoff pulse from the Sierra Nevada","docAbstract":"A spring runoff pulse is identified in the Merced River record from the Sierra Nevada, that makes the transition from low streamflow conditions in winter to the high streamflow conditions in the later spring-early summer period. The timing of the pulse is delayed with greater seasonal accumulation of snow pack in the Yosemite region. Also, the runoff pulse is triggered by a regional weather fluctuation that establishes a warm high pressure ridge over the California region during the spring (mid-March to Mid-May) period. Since this ridge often blankets the entire western United States, it is found that a simultaneous pulse occurs over a broad collection of high-elevation streams in the region.
","language":"English","publisher":"Interagency","usgsCitation":"Cayan, D., Peterson, D.H., Riddle, L., Dettinger, M.D., and Smith, R.E., 1997, The spring runoff pulse from the Sierra Nevada: Interagency Ecological Program Newsletter, p. 25-28.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"25","endPage":"28","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324851,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Merced River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.56592559814455,\n 37.74133139980182\n ],\n [\n -119.56695556640625,\n 37.74085628461814\n ],\n [\n -119.56472396850586,\n 37.73888791779894\n ],\n [\n -119.56386566162108,\n 37.738141282210385\n ],\n [\n -119.56300735473633,\n 37.73868429065797\n ],\n [\n -119.56558227539062,\n 37.74072053686268\n ],\n [\n -119.56592559814455,\n 37.74133139980182\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"577f7d34e4b0ef4d2f45fad3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cayan, D.R.","contributorId":25961,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cayan","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16196,"text":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":641872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peterson, D. H.","contributorId":92229,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"D.","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Riddle, L.","contributorId":47550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riddle","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dettinger, M. D. 0000-0002-7509-7332","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-7332","contributorId":93069,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dettinger","given":"M.","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":16196,"text":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":641875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Smith, R. E.","contributorId":76366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70175270,"text":"70175270 - 1997 - Spring snowmelt in the Sierra Nevada - Does a day make a difference?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-01T15:12:28.722438","indexId":"70175270","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3914,"text":"Interagency Ecological Program Newsletter","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spring snowmelt in the Sierra Nevada - Does a day make a difference?","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Interagency Ecological Program for the Sacramento–San Joaquin Estuary","usgsCitation":"Peterson, D.H., Dettinger, M.D., Cayan, D., Smith, R.E., Riddle, L., and Knowles, N., 1997, Spring snowmelt in the Sierra Nevada - Does a day make a difference?: Interagency Ecological Program Newsletter, v. 11, no. 3, p. 16-19.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"16","endPage":"19","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326060,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sierra Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.91625976562499,\n 35.63051198300061\n ],\n [\n -118.46557617187499,\n 37.67512527892127\n ],\n [\n -119.893798828125,\n 38.993572058209466\n ],\n [\n -120.50903320312501,\n 39.96870074491696\n ],\n [\n -121.025390625,\n 40.82212357516945\n ],\n [\n -121.92626953124999,\n 40.522150985623796\n ],\n [\n -121.5087890625,\n 39.198205348894795\n ],\n [\n -120.58593749999999,\n 37.77071473849609\n ],\n [\n -119.17968749999999,\n 36.62434536776987\n ],\n [\n -118.817138671875,\n 35.7019167328534\n ],\n [\n -118.71826171875,\n 35.22767235493586\n ],\n [\n -118.27880859375001,\n 35.05698043137265\n ],\n [\n -117.91625976562499,\n 35.63051198300061\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57a315d1e4b006cb45558ba8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peterson, D. 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E.","contributorId":76366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Riddle, L.","contributorId":47550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riddle","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Knowles, N.","contributorId":61212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knowles","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70019437,"text":"70019437 - 1997 - In-situ stress and fracture permeability in a fault-hosted geothermal reservoir at Dixie Valley, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:13","indexId":"70019437","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"In-situ stress and fracture permeability in a fault-hosted geothermal reservoir at Dixie Valley, Nevada","docAbstract":"As part of a study relating fractured rock hydrology to in-situ stress and recent deformation within the Dixie Valley Geothermal Field, borehole televiewer logging and hydraulic fracturing stress measurements were conducted in a 2.7-km-deep geothermal production well (73B-7) drilled into the Stillwater fault zone. Borehole televiewer logs from well 73B-7 show numerous drilling-induced tensile fractures, indicating that the direction of the minimum horizontal principal stress, Shmin, is S57 ??E. As the Stillwater fault at this location dips S50 ??E at approximately 3??, it is nearly at the optimal orientation for normal faulting in the current stress field. Analysis of the hydraulic fracturing data shows that the magnitude of Shmin is 24.1 and 25.9 MPa at 1.7 and 2.5 km, respectively. In addition, analysis of a hydraulic fracturing test from a shallow well 1.5 km northeast of 73B-7 indicates that the magnitude of Shmin is 5.6 MPa at 0.4 km depth. Coulomb failure analysis shows that the magnitude of Shmin in these wells is close to that predicted for incipient normal faulting on the Stillwater and subparallel faults, using coefficients of friction of 0.6-1.0 and estimates of the in-situ fluid pressure and overburden stress. Spinner flowmeter and temperature logs were also acquired in well 73B-7 and were used to identify hydraulically conductive fractures. Comparison of these stress and hydrologic data with fracture orientations from the televiewer log indicates that hydraulically conductive fractures within and adjacent to the Stillwater fault zone are critically stressed, potentially active normal faults in the current west-northwest extensional stress regime at Dixie Valley.","largerWorkTitle":"Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the 1997 Annual Meeting of the Geothermal Resources Council","conferenceDate":"12 October 1997 through 15 October 1997","conferenceLocation":"Burlingame, CA, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Geothermal Resources Council","publisherLocation":"Davis, CA, United States","issn":"01935933","usgsCitation":"Hickman, S., Barton, C., Zoback, M., Morin, R., Sass, J., and Benoit, R., 1997, In-situ stress and fracture permeability in a fault-hosted geothermal reservoir at Dixie Valley, Nevada, in Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council, v. 21, Burlingame, CA, USA, 12 October 1997 through 15 October 1997, p. 181-189.","startPage":"181","endPage":"189","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226655,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a39c8e4b0c8380cd61a3f","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Anon","contributorId":128316,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Anon","id":536454,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Hickman, Stephen","contributorId":29139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hickman","given":"Stephen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barton, Colleen","contributorId":66864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barton","given":"Colleen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zoback, Mark","contributorId":81092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zoback","given":"Mark","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Morin, Roger","contributorId":31922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morin","given":"Roger","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sass, John","contributorId":14130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sass","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Benoit, Richard","contributorId":34666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benoit","given":"Richard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":382734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70019949,"text":"70019949 - 1997 - In situ stress and fracture permeability along the Stillwater fault zone, Dixie Valley Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:22","indexId":"70019949","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2071,"text":"International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"In situ stress and fracture permeability along the Stillwater fault zone, Dixie Valley Nevada","docAbstract":"Borehole televiewer and hydrologic logging and hydraulic fracturing stress measurements were carried out in a 2.7-km-deep geothermal production well (73B-7) drilled into the Stillwater fault zone. Precision temperature and spinner flowmeter logs were also acquired in well 73B-7, with and without simultaneously injecting water into the well. Localized perturbations to well-bore temperature and flow were used to identify hydraulically conductive fractures. Comparison of these data with fracture orientations from the televiewer log indicates that permeable fractures within and adjacent to the Stillwater fault zone are critically stressed, potentially active shear planes in the current west-northwest extensional stress regime at Dixie Valley.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the 1997 36th US Rock Mechanics ISRM International Symposium","conferenceDate":"29 June 1997 through 2 July 1997","conferenceLocation":"New York, NY, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Sci Ltd","publisherLocation":"Exeter, United Kingdom","doi":"10.1016/S0148-9062(97)00169-1","issn":"01489062","usgsCitation":"Hickman, S., Barton, C.A., Zoback, M.D., Morin, R., Sass, J., and Benoit, R., 1997, In situ stress and fracture permeability along the Stillwater fault zone, Dixie Valley Nevada: International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts, v. 34, no. 3-4, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0148-9062(97)00169-1.","startPage":"414","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":206054,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0148-9062(97)00169-1"},{"id":228107,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a39ace4b0c8380cd619de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hickman, S.H. 0000-0003-2075-9615","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2075-9615","contributorId":16027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hickman","given":"S.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barton, C. 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","language":"English","publisher":"Interagency","usgsCitation":"Dettinger, M.D., Peterson, D.H., Diaz, H., and Cayan, D., 1997, Forecasting spring runoff pulses from the Sierra Nevada: Interagency Ecological Program Newsletter, v. 10, no. 3, p. 32-35.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"32","endPage":"35","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325139,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sierra Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.91625976562499,\n 35.63051198300061\n ],\n [\n -118.46557617187499,\n 37.67512527892127\n ],\n [\n -119.893798828125,\n 38.993572058209466\n ],\n [\n -120.50903320312501,\n 39.96870074491696\n ],\n [\n -121.025390625,\n 40.82212357516945\n ],\n [\n -121.92626953124999,\n 40.522150985623796\n ],\n [\n -121.5087890625,\n 39.198205348894795\n ],\n [\n -120.58593749999999,\n 37.77071473849609\n ],\n [\n -119.17968749999999,\n 36.62434536776987\n ],\n [\n -118.817138671875,\n 35.7019167328534\n ],\n [\n -118.71826171875,\n 35.22767235493586\n ],\n [\n -118.27880859375001,\n 35.05698043137265\n ],\n [\n -117.91625976562499,\n 35.63051198300061\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"10","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"579dcfe6e4b0589fa1cbd8ab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dettinger, M. D. 0000-0002-7509-7332","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-7332","contributorId":93069,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dettinger","given":"M.","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":16196,"text":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":642281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peterson, D. H.","contributorId":92229,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"D.","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Diaz, H.F","contributorId":172857,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Diaz","given":"H.F","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cayan, D.R.","contributorId":25961,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cayan","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16196,"text":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":642284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70185273,"text":"70185273 - 1997 - Potential for intrinsic bioremediation of a DNT-contaminated aquifer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-13T06:40:39","indexId":"70185273","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Potential for intrinsic bioremediation of a DNT-contaminated aquifer","docAbstract":"Microorganisms indigenous to a shallow aquifer, which underlies an explosives-contaminated site, mineralized 28% of [U-ring-14C] 2,4–dinitrotoluene to 14CO2 within 28 days under aerobic conditions. Approximately 20% of added 2,4–dinitrotoluene remained undegraded at the end of the incubation while approximately 22% and 6% were transformed to 4–amino-2–nitrotoluene and 2–amino-4–nitrotoluene, respectively. In aquifer microcosms containing 2,6–dinitrotoluene, approximately 67% of the substrate remained undegraded and approximately 14% was transformed to 2–amino-6–nitrotoluene. The radiolabeled study indicated that about 8% of the 2,6–dinotrotoluene was mineralized to CO2. The demonstrated degradation and subsequent mineralization of dinitrotoluene compounds by aquifer microorganisms are consistent with the decline in dissolved dinitrotoluene concentrations observed along the general ground-water flowpath at the site. The results indicate that intrinsic bioremediation may be a viable alternative for remediating contaminated ground water at this site.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1997.tb00054.x","usgsCitation":"Bradley, P., Chapelle, F.H., Landmeyer, J., and Schumacher, J., 1997, Potential for intrinsic bioremediation of a DNT-contaminated aquifer: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 35, no. 1, p. 12-17, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1997.tb00054.x.","productDescription":"6 p. ","startPage":"12","endPage":"17","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488477,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1997.tb00054.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":337811,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-08-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ccf5a0e4b0849ce97f0d0a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradley, P. M. 0000-0001-7522-8606","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7522-8606","contributorId":29465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"P. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chapelle, F. H.","contributorId":101697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapelle","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Landmeyer, J. E.","contributorId":91140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landmeyer","given":"J. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schumacher, J.G.","contributorId":54398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schumacher","given":"J.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70185302,"text":"70185302 - 1997 - Tritium/3He dating of river infiltration: An example from the Danube in the Szigetköz area, Hungary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-25T15:46:00.568006","indexId":"70185302","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Tritium/3He dating of river infiltration: An example from the Danube in the Szigetköz area, Hungary","title":"Tritium/3He dating of river infiltration: An example from the Danube in the Szigetköz area, Hungary","docAbstract":"3H, He, 4He, and Ne data were obtained from a shallow ground-water system being recharged by bank infiltration from the Danube River in northwestern Hungary. After correting for excess air, 4He and Ne concentrations reflect a recharge temperature of about 9° C., close to the mean annual temperature of the Danube (10.4° C). Values of H plus 3Hetrit (“initial tritium”) as a function of the tritium/He age are consistent with time series measurements of tritium in the Danube. Tritium/ He ages increase linearly as a function of distance from the Danube along ground-water flow lines. A horizontal flow velocity of about 530 m yr1 was derived from the age gradient. Most of the deviations between measured Danube tritium data and ground-water tritium/He data can be explained by dispersive mixing.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1997.tb00160.x","usgsCitation":"Stute, M., Deak, J., Révész, K., Böhlke, J., Deseo, E., Weppernig, R., and Schlosser, P., 1997, Tritium/3He dating of river infiltration: An example from the Danube in the Szigetköz area, Hungary: Groundwater, v. 35, no. 5, p. 905-911, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1997.tb00160.x.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"905","endPage":"911","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337843,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Hungary","otherGeospatial":"Danube River, Szigetköz area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 17.377967834472656,\n 47.80185591898276\n ],\n [\n 17.58636474609375,\n 47.80185591898276\n ],\n [\n 17.58636474609375,\n 47.92669550620867\n ],\n [\n 17.377967834472656,\n 47.92669550620867\n ],\n [\n 17.377967834472656,\n 47.80185591898276\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"35","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-08-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d0ea1ce4b0236b68f67381","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stute, M.","contributorId":67234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stute","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Deak, J.","contributorId":189535,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Deak","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Révész, K.","contributorId":189536,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Révész","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Böhlke, J. K. 0000-0001-5693-6455","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":173577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Böhlke","given":"J. K.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":685086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Deseo, E.","contributorId":189537,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Deseo","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Weppernig, R.","contributorId":57616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weppernig","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Schlosser, P.","contributorId":106656,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schlosser","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70185275,"text":"70185275 - 1997 - Analysis of the Cape Cod tracer data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-15T10:39:57","indexId":"70185275","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Analysis of the Cape Cod tracer data","docAbstract":"An analysis of the Cape Cod test was performed using several first- and higher-order theoretical models. We compare conditional and unconditional solutions of the transport equation and employ them for analysis of the experimental data. We consider spatial moments, mass breakthrough curves, and the distribution of the solute mass in space. The concentration measurements were also analyzed using theoretical models for the expected value and variance of concentration. The theoretical models we employed are based on the spatial correlation structure of the conductivity field, without any fitting of parameters to the tracer data, and hence we can test the predictive power of the theories tested. The effects of recharge on macrodispersion are investigated, and it is shown that recharge provides a reasonable explanation for the enhanced lateral spread of the Cape Cod plume. The compendium of the experimental results presented here is useful for testing of theoretical and numerical models.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/96WR02586","usgsCitation":"Ezzedine, S., and Rubin, Y., 1997, Analysis of the Cape Cod tracer data: Water Resources Research, v. 33, no. 1, p. 1-11, https://doi.org/10.1029/96WR02586.","productDescription":"11 p. ","startPage":"1","endPage":"11","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479950,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/96wr02586","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":337813,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ccf5a0e4b0849ce97f0d08","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ezzedine, Souheil","contributorId":189491,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ezzedine","given":"Souheil","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rubin, Yoram","contributorId":189432,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rubin","given":"Yoram","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70196322,"text":"70196322 - 1997 - Using conditional simulations of the level of Devils Lake, North Dakota, to reconstruct historical hydrologic conditions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-02T15:09:24","indexId":"70196322","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3168,"text":"Proceedings of the North Dakota Academy of Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using conditional simulations of the level of Devils Lake, North Dakota, to reconstruct historical hydrologic conditions","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","conferenceTitle":"North Dakota Academy of Science 89th Annual Meeting","conferenceDate":"April 24-25, 1997","conferenceLocation":"Grand Forks, ND","language":"English","publisher":"North Dakota Academy of Science","usgsCitation":"Vecchia, A.V., and Wiche, G.J., 1997, Using conditional simulations of the level of Devils Lake, North Dakota, to reconstruct historical hydrologic conditions: Proceedings of the North Dakota Academy of Science, v. 51, p. 40-44.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"40","endPage":"44","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":353054,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"51","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5aff1a65e4b0da30c1bfd4ab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vecchia, Aldo V. 0000-0002-2661-4401 avecchia@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2661-4401","contributorId":1173,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vecchia","given":"Aldo","email":"avecchia@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":732305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wiche, Gregg J. gjwiche@usgs.gov","contributorId":1675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiche","given":"Gregg","email":"gjwiche@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":732306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":44307,"text":"ofr96646 - 1997 - Combined-sewer overflow data and methods of sample collection for selected sites, Detroit, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-11-15T20:04:25.953938","indexId":"ofr96646","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-646","title":"Combined-sewer overflow data and methods of sample collection for selected sites, Detroit, Michigan","docAbstract":"The discharge of untreated sewage is illegal in Michigan unless permitted under Act 245 due to public health concerns. In October, 1992, the Michigan Department of Natural Resources (MDNR, now the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality) issued a discharge permit to Detroit authorizing discharge from the City's 78 combined-sewer overflows (CSOs), and requiring that a long-term control plan be developed to achieve mandated waterquality standards in receiving waters. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) issued a national CSO policy in April, 1994, which requires (1) operational improvements of existing systems to minimize discharges and prevent their occurrence in dry weather; (2) publicly operated treatment works (POTW) to characterize the frequency and volume of discharges; and (3) construction of CSO discharge control projects where necessary.
In 1993, the Southeast Michigan Council of Governments (SEMCOG) requested assistance from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with Detroit Water and Sewerage Department (DWSD) and MDNR, Surface Water Quality Division, to address part of the technical data requirements for requirement 2. The USGS scope of services for this interdisciplinary, multiagency investigation consisted of collection, compilation, and interpretation of the necessary hydrologic data, and documentation of results. In addition to USGS personnel, personnel from DWSD assisted with the field collection of samples and in alerting USGS personnel to CSO effluent discharges.
From October 1, 1994 through December 31, 1995, four CSOs discharging to the Detroit River in Detroit, Michigan (figure 1) were monitored to characterize storm-related water quantity and quality. Water velocity, stage, and precipitation were measured continuously and recorded at 5-minute intervals. Water-quality samples were collected at discrete times during storms and analyzed for inorganic and organic pollutants. Discharges were sampled between 30 and 78 times for inorganic pollutants, and between 14 and 22 times for organic pollutants, depending on the site. These samples represented between 8 and 17 storms during which one or more of the four selected CSOs discharged. The monitored pollutants included fecal coliform, fecal streptococci, and Escherichia coli; antimony, arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, total chromium, cobalt, copper, iron, lead, manganese, mercury, nickel, silver, thallium and zinc; and polychlorinated biphenyl congeners, volatile organic compounds, and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons. Metal and non-metal inorganic pollutants were detected at all sites. Many organic pollutants were not detected at all.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr96646","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with: City of Detroit, Michigan Southeast Michigan Council of Governments Michigan Department of Environmental Quality","usgsCitation":"Sweat, M., and Wolf, J., 1997, Combined-sewer overflow data and methods of sample collection for selected sites, Detroit, Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-646, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96646.","productDescription":"23 p.","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":168752,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0646/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":464205,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0646/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","city":"Detroit","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.4796142578125,\n 42.16238548673798\n ],\n [\n -83.4796142578125,\n 42.527784255084676\n ],\n [\n -82.81219482421875,\n 42.527784255084676\n ],\n [\n -82.81219482421875,\n 42.16238548673798\n ],\n [\n -83.4796142578125,\n 42.16238548673798\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae6eb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sweat, M.J.","contributorId":90786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sweat","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wolf, J.R.","contributorId":58702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolf","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70171398,"text":"70171398 - 1997 - Pesticides and volatile organic compounds in shallow urban groundwater of the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-19T18:21:05","indexId":"70171398","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Pesticides and volatile organic compounds in shallow urban groundwater of the United States","docAbstract":"The widespread use of pesticides and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) over the past half century has led to their detection in many hydrologic systems in the United States. However, few systematic investigations of occurrences have been carried out over multistate regions using a consistent study design. Nine urban studies of shallow groundwater have been conducted to date as part of the U.S. Geological Survey's National Water-Quality Assessment Program. Pesticide compounds were detected in 48.6% of the 208 urban wells sampled. Sixteen different pesticide compounds were detected in samples from these wells. Prometon was by far the most frequently detected pesticide compound, being found in 8 of the 9 urban studies. VOCs were detected in 53.4% of the 208 urban wells sampled, with 36 different VOC compounds being found.
Measured VOC concentrations exceeded current U.S. Environmental Protection Agency drinking water regulations in 19 wells. Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), a common fuel oxygenate, was the most frequently detected VOC for this study.
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Interagency","usgsCitation":"Hager, S., and Schemel, L., 1997, Effects of reduced wastewater phosphate concentrations in South San Francisco Bay: Interagency Ecological Program Newsletter, v. 10, no. 3, p. 11-12.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"11","endPage":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325816,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"South San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.508544921875,\n 37.400710068740565\n ],\n [\n -121.81640625000001,\n 37.400710068740565\n ],\n [\n -121.81640625000001,\n 37.82280243352759\n ],\n [\n -122.508544921875,\n 37.82280243352759\n ],\n [\n -122.508544921875,\n 37.400710068740565\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"10","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"579b2caee4b0589fa1c980a1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hager, S.W.","contributorId":51746,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hager","given":"S.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":643953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schemel, L. E.","contributorId":89529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schemel","given":"L. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":643954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70175180,"text":"70175180 - 1997 - Assimilation efficiencies and turnover rates of trace elements in marine bivalves: A comparison of oysters, clams and mussels","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-12T06:22:10","indexId":"70175180","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2660,"text":"Marine Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assimilation efficiencies and turnover rates of trace elements in marine bivalves: A comparison of oysters, clams and mussels","docAbstract":"Assimilation efficiencies (AEs) and physiological turnover-rate constants (k) of six trace elements (Ag, Am, Cd, Co, Se, Zn) in four marine bivalves (Crassostrea virginica Gmelin,Macoma balthica Linnaeus, Mercenaria mercenaria Linnaeus, and Mytilus edulis Linnaeus) were measured in radiotracer-depuration experiments. Egestion rates of unassimilated elements were highest during the first 24 h of depuration and declined thereafter. Significant egestion of unassimilated Co, however, continued for up to 5 d in Macoma balthica,Mercenaria mercenaria and Mytilus edulis. With the exception of the extremely low values for110 mAg, 109Cd, and 65Zn in C. virginica, physiological turnover-rate constants (k) showed no general pattern of variation among elements, bivalve species or food types, and were relatively invariant. Values from ≤0.001 to 0.1 d−1 were observed, but excluding those for Co, most values were ≤0.04 d−1. In all four species, the AEs of Ag, Am, and Co were generally lower than those of Cd, Se, and Zn. The AEs of Ag, Cd, Se, and Zn in these bivalves are directly related to the proportion of each element in the cytoplasmic fraction of ingested phytoplankton, indicating that >80% of elements in a prey alga's cytoplasm was assimilated. C. virginica, Macoma balthica, and Mercenaria mercenaria assimilated ∼36% of the Ag and Cd associated with the non-cytoplasmic (membrane/organelle) fraction of ingested cells in addition to the cytoplasmic fraction. The ratio of AE:k, which is proportional to the consumer–prey trace-element bioaccumulation factor (concentration in consumer:concentration in prey) was generally greater for Cd, Se, and Zn than for Ag, Am, and Co. This ratio was lowest in Mytilus edulis, suggesting that this bivalve, the most widely employed organism in global biomonitoring, is relatively inefficient at accumulating important elements such as Ag, Cd, and Zn from ingested phytoplankton.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s002270050185","usgsCitation":"Reinfelder, J., Wang, W., Luoma, S.N., and Fisher, N., 1997, Assimilation efficiencies and turnover rates of trace elements in marine bivalves: A comparison of oysters, clams and mussels: Marine Biology, v. 129, no. 3, p. 443-452, https://doi.org/10.1007/s002270050185.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"443","endPage":"452","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325902,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"129","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57a1c42de4b006cb45552bf3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reinfelder, J.R.","contributorId":62760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reinfelder","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wang, W.-X.","contributorId":90477,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"W.-X.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Luoma, S. N.","contributorId":120222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luoma","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fisher, N.S.","contributorId":67668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"N.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70175685,"text":"70175685 - 1997 - The influence of land cover and temperature change on hydrological and ecosystem dynamics in the South Platte River Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-21T15:46:01","indexId":"70175685","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"The influence of land cover and temperature change on hydrological and ecosystem dynamics in the South Platte River Basin","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the AWRA Annual Symposium, Water Resources Education, Training, and Practice: Opportunities for the Next Century","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"AWRA Annual Symposium, Water Resources Education, Training, and Practice: Opportunities for the Next Century","conferenceDate":"June 29-July 3, 1997","conferenceLocation":"Keystone, CO","language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Association","publisherLocation":"Herndon, VA","usgsCitation":"Baron, J., Ojima, D.S., Hartman, M., Kittel, T.G., Lammers, R., Band, L., and Pielke, R.A., 1997, The influence of land cover and temperature change on hydrological and ecosystem dynamics in the South Platte River Basin, in Proceedings of the AWRA Annual Symposium, Water Resources Education, Training, and Practice: Opportunities for the Next Century, Keystone, CO, June 29-July 3, 1997, p. 279-286.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"279","endPage":"286","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326790,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57b6dc6fe4b03fd6b7d94c97","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baron, Jill 0000-0002-5902-6251 jill_baron@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5902-6251","contributorId":194124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baron","given":"Jill","email":"jill_baron@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":646046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ojima, D. S.","contributorId":13166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ojima","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hartman, M.D.","contributorId":7671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartman","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kittel, Timothy G.F.","contributorId":66612,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kittel","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"G.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lammers, R.B.","contributorId":67469,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lammers","given":"R.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Band, L.E.","contributorId":70342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Band","given":"L.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Pielke, R. A.","contributorId":13163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pielke","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70162656,"text":"70162656 - 1997 - Modeling fish dynamics and effects of stress in a hydrologically pulsed ecosystem","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-28T13:46:15","indexId":"70162656","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2179,"text":"Journal of Aquatic Ecosystem Stress and Recovery","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling fish dynamics and effects of stress in a hydrologically pulsed ecosystem","docAbstract":"Many wetlands undergo seasonal cycles in precipitation and water depth.This environmental seasonality is echoed in patterns of production of fishbiomass, which, in turn, influence the phenology of other components of thefood web, including wading birds. Human activities, such as drainage orother alterations of the hydrology, can exacerbate these natural cycles andresult in detrimental stresses on fish production and the higher trophic levels dependent on this production. In this paper we model theseasonal pattern of fish production in a freshwater marsh, with specialreference to the Everglades/Big Cypress region of southern Florida.The model illustrates the temporal pattern of production through theyear, which can result in very high densities of fish at the end of ahydroperiod (period of flooding), aswell as the importance of ponds and other deep depressions, both as refugia and sinks during dry periods. The model predicts that: (1) there is an effective threshold in the length of the hydroperiod that must beexceeded for high fish-population densities to be produced, (2) large,piscivorous fishes do not appear tohave a major impact on smaller fishes in the marsh habitat, and (3) therecovery of small-fish populations in the marsh following a major droughtmay require up to a year. The last of these results is relevant toassessing anthropogenic impacts on marsh production, as these effectsmay increase the severity and frequency of droughts.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1023/A:1008228706210","usgsCitation":"DeAngelis, D., Loftus, W., Trexler, J.C., and Ulanowicz, R.E., 1997, Modeling fish dynamics and effects of stress in a hydrologically pulsed ecosystem: Journal of Aquatic Ecosystem Stress and Recovery, v. 6, no. 1, p. 1-13, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008228706210.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314979,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56ab49cde4b07ca61bfea58d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DeAngelis, Donald L. 0000-0002-1570-4057 don_deangelis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1570-4057","contributorId":2860,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeAngelis","given":"Donald L.","email":"don_deangelis@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":590079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loftus, William F.","contributorId":48628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loftus","given":"William F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":590080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Trexler, Joel C.","contributorId":36267,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Trexler","given":"Joel","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":7017,"text":"Florida International University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":590081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ulanowicz, Robert E.","contributorId":34879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ulanowicz","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":590082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70176099,"text":"70176099 - 1997 - Status, trends, and changes in freshwater inflows to bay systems in the Corpus Christi Bay National Estuary Program study area","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-25T16:20:18","indexId":"70176099","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"seriesNumber":"CCBNEP–17","title":"Status, trends, and changes in freshwater inflows to bay systems in the Corpus Christi Bay National Estuary Program study area","docAbstract":"This report presents the results of a study to quantify current (1983–93) mean freshwater inflows to the six bay systems (open water and wetlands) in the Corpus Christi Bay National Estuary Program study area, to test for historical temporal trends in inflows, and to quantify historical and projected changes in inflows. The report also addresses the adequacy of existing data to estimate freshwater inflows.
\nThe six bay systems are the St. Charles, Copano, Redfish, Nueces and Corpus Christi, upper Laguna Madre, and Baffin. Each bay system has one or more adjacent contributing watersheds, for a total of 13 watersheds for purposes of this study, that together comprise about 6,000 square miles. All freshwater runoff to each bay system except the Nueces and Corpus Christi originates in adjacent watersheds. Freshwater that enters the Nueces and Corpus Christi Bay system is a combination of water that originates in the adjacent contributing watersheds and water that originates in the large regional watershed of the Nueces River (greater Nueces River Basin) upstream of the adjacent contributing watersheds.
\nThe watershed simulation model Hydrologic Simulation Program—Fortran (HSPF) was used to generate simulated flow (runoff) from the 13 watersheds to the six bay systems because adequate gaged streamflow data from which to estimate freshwater inflows are not available; only about 23 percent of the adjacent contributing watershed area is gaged. The model was calibrated for the gaged parts of three watersheds—that is, selected input parameters (meteorologic and hydrologic properties and conditions) that control runoff were adjusted in a series of simulations until an adequate match between model-generated flows and a set (time series) of gaged flows was achieved. The primary model input is rainfall and evaporation data and the model output is a time series of runoff volumes. After calibration, simulations driven by daily rainfall for a 26-year period (1968–93) were done for the 13 watersheds to obtain runoff under current (1983–93), predevelopment (pre-1940 streamflow and pre-urbanization), and future (2010) land-use conditions for estimating freshwater inflows and for comparing runoff under the three land-use conditions; and to obtain time series of runoff from which to estimate time series of freshwater inflows for trend analysis.
","language":"English","publisher":"Corpus Christi Bay National Estuary Program","publisherLocation":"Corpus Christi, TX","usgsCitation":"Asquith, W., Mosier, J.G., and Bush, P.W., 1997, Status, trends, and changes in freshwater inflows to bay systems in the Corpus Christi Bay National Estuary Program study area, 47 p.","productDescription":"47 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":327863,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57c016cee4b0f2f0ceb8736b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Asquith, W.H.","contributorId":87980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Asquith","given":"W.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mosier, J. G.","contributorId":174057,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mosier","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bush, P. W.","contributorId":14826,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bush","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70175090,"text":"70175090 - 1997 - Selenium trends in north San Francisco Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-04-10T18:15:05.637456","indexId":"70175090","displayToPublicDate":"1997-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3914,"text":"Interagency Ecological Program Newsletter","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Selenium trends in north San Francisco Bay","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Interagency Ecological Program for the Sacramento–San Joaquin Estuary","usgsCitation":"Luoma, S.N., and Linville, R., 1997, Selenium trends in north San Francisco Bay: Interagency Ecological Program Newsletter, v. 10, p. 25-26.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"25","endPage":"26","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325795,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"North San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.76123046875,\n 37.814123701604466\n ],\n [\n -122.06909179687501,\n 37.814123701604466\n ],\n [\n -122.06909179687501,\n 38.23386541556985\n ],\n [\n -122.76123046875,\n 38.23386541556985\n ],\n [\n -122.76123046875,\n 37.814123701604466\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"579b2cb4e4b0589fa1c980d4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Luoma, S. N.","contributorId":120222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luoma","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":643870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Linville, R.","contributorId":173243,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Linville","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":643871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":68159,"text":"ha730D - 1997 - Ground Water Atlas of the United States: Segment 3, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":68159,"text":"ha730D - 1997 - Ground Water Atlas of the United States: Segment 3, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska","indexId":"ha730D","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"chapter":"D","title":"Ground Water Atlas of the United States: Segment 3, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":68687,"text":"ha730 - 2000 - Ground Water Atlas of the United States","indexId":"ha730","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"title":"Ground Water Atlas of the United States"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":68687,"text":"ha730 - 2000 - Ground Water Atlas of the United States","indexId":"ha730","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"title":"Ground Water Atlas of the United States"},"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-30T14:35:11","indexId":"ha730D","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":318,"text":"Hydrologic Atlas","code":"HA","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"730","chapter":"D","title":"Ground Water Atlas of the United States: Segment 3, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska","docAbstract":"The three States-Kansas, Missouri, and Nebraska-that comprise Segment 3 of this Atlas are in the central part of the United States. The major rivers that drain these States are the Niobrara, the Platte, the Kansas, the Arkansas, and the Missouri; the Mississippi River is the eastern boundary of the area. These rivers supply water for many uses but ground water is the source of slightly more than one-half of the total water withdrawn for all uses within the three-State area. The aquifers that contain the water consist of consolidated sedimentary rocks and unconsolidated deposits that range in age from Cambrian through Quaternary. This chapter describes the geology and hydrology of each of the principal aquifers throughout the three-State area.
Some water enters Segment 3 as inflow from rivers and aquifers that cross the segment boundaries, but precipitation, as rain and snow, is the primary source of water within the area. Average annual precipitation (1951-80) increases from west to east and ranges from about 16 to 48 inches (fig. 1). The climate of the western one-third of Kansas and Nebraska, where the average annual precipitation generally is less than 20 inches per year, is considered to be semiarid. This area receives little precipitation chiefly because it is distant from the Gulf of Mexico, which is the principal source of moisture-laden air for the entire segment, but partly because it is located in the rain shadow of the Rocky Mountains. Average annual precipitation is greatest in southeastern Missouri.
Much of the precipitation is returned to the atmosphere by evapotranspiration, which is the combination of evaporation from the land surface and surface-water bodies, and transpiration from plants. Some of the precipitation either flows directly into streams as overland runoff or percolates into the soil and then moves downward into aquifers where it is stored for a time and subsequently released as base flow to streams. Average annual runoff, which is the total discharge into a stream from surface- and ground-water sources, ranges from about 0.2 inch in the western part of the area to about 20 inches in southeastern Missouri (fig. 2). Average annual runoff generally reflects the distribution of average annual precipitation during the same period. However, runoff is less than precipitation everywhere and ranges from less than 5 to about 35 percent of the average annual precipitation. Evapotranspiration rates are high, especially in the western one-half of the area; thus, only a small percentage of the precipitation is available to recharge aquifers in most places. Locally, however, runoff might be significantly less than shown in figure 2, and ground-water recharge, greater, especially where highly permeable rocks or deposits at the land surface allow precipitation to rapidly infiltrate. Examples of such places are the Sand Hills area of Nebraska, which is blanketed by permeable windblown sands, and parts of southern Missouri, where permeable limestone is at or near the land surface.
The land surface of Segment 3 generally slopes gradually from west to east. In the Great Plains Physiographic Province (fig. 3), the altitude of the flat land surface locally is about 5,000 feet above sea level in westernmost Nebraska. By contrast, in the flat Coastal Plain Physiographic Province of eastern Missouri, the altitude is about 500 feet above sea level. The land surface is gently rolling in the Central Lowland Province except where major rivers and their tributaries are deeply incised. In the Ozark Plateaus Physiographic Province, rugged topography has developed where the underlying rocks have been uplifted and deeply eroded.
","largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water Atlas of the United States","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ha730D","isbn":"0607883030","usgsCitation":"Miller, J.A., and Appel, C.L., 1997, Ground Water Atlas of the United States: Segment 3, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska: U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Atlas 730, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ha730D.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"D1","endPage":"D24","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":11481,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/ha730/ch_d/index.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":189283,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/730d/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":115253,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/730d/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"55.86 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