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,{"id":70111405,"text":"70111405 - 1993 - Cyst acquisition rate for Giardia lamblia in backcountry travelers to Desolation Wilderness, Lake Tahoe","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-04T13:31:06","indexId":"70111405","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-04T13:14:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2506,"text":"Journal of Wilderness Medicine","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cyst acquisition rate for Giardia lamblia in backcountry travelers to Desolation Wilderness, Lake Tahoe","docAbstract":"<p>The objective of this study was to determine the incidence of Giardia lamblia acquisition in back-country travelers to a wilderness area, provide longitudinal follow-up on the incidence of symptomatic gastrointestinal illness and relate such information to concentrations of Giardia cysts in water samples from a high-use area. A prospective cohort non-interventional study of 41 healthy adult backcountry travelers from age 19 to 71 years in Desolation Wilderness, Lake Tahoe Basin was carried out.</p>\n\n<br>\n\n<p>The incidence of Giardia cyst acquisition in backcountry travelers was only 5.7% (95% CI 0.17–20.2%). Mild, self-limiting gastrointestinal illness occurred in 16.7% of subjects (95% CI 4.9%–34.50%), none of whom demonstrated G. lamblia infection. Water sampling from three popular stream sites revealed cyst contamination to be generally at low levels with cyst concentrations in the single digit range for every 100 gallons filtered. G. lamblia contamination of water occurs, but at low levels. Acquisition of this parasite may be infrequent in backcountry recreationalists. Symptomatic gastrointestinal illness following wilderness travel can be due to other etiologies. Our findings may not be representative of all wilderness areas, but suggest that in the absence of documented G. lamblia infection, persons symptomatic following travel may suffer a self-limiting gastrointestinal illness. In such circumstances, empiric therapy for giardiasis is tempting but difficult to justify.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wilderness Medicine","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1580/0953-9859-4.2.147","usgsCitation":"Zell, S., and Sorenson, S.K., 1993, Cyst acquisition rate for Giardia lamblia in backcountry travelers to Desolation Wilderness, Lake Tahoe: Journal of Wilderness Medicine, v. 4, no. 2, p. 147-154, https://doi.org/10.1580/0953-9859-4.2.147.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"147","endPage":"154","costCenters":[{"id":629,"text":"Water Resources Division","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":288078,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":288077,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1580/0953-9859-4.2.147"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Desolation Wilderness;Lake Tahoe","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120.29,38.82 ], [ -120.29,39.02 ], [ -120.07,39.02 ], [ -120.07,38.82 ], [ -120.29,38.82 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"4","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1993-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53903fe9e4b04eea98bf8502","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zell, S.C.","contributorId":35237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zell","given":"S.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sorenson, S. K.","contributorId":28268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sorenson","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70129150,"text":"70129150 - 1993 - Population trend of the Yellowstone grizzly bear as estimated from reproductive and survival rates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-17T11:27:30","indexId":"70129150","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T11:23:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1176,"text":"Canadian Journal of Zoology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Population trend of the Yellowstone grizzly bear as estimated from reproductive and survival rates","docAbstract":"The trend of the Yellowstone grizzly bear (<i>Ursus arctos horribilis</i>) population was estimated using reproductive rates calculated from 22 individual females and survival rates from 400 female bear-years. The point estimate of the rate of increase was 4.6%, with 95% confidence limits of 0 and 9%. Caution in interpreting this result is advised because of possible biases in the population parameter estimates. The main prospects for improving present knowledge of the population trend appear to be further study of possible biases in the parameter estimates, and the continued use of radiotelemetry to increase the number of samples on which the estimates are based.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Zoology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"National Research Council of Canada","publisherLocation":"Ottawa","doi":"10.1139/z94-049","usgsCitation":"Eberhardt, L.L., Blanchard, B.M., and Knight, R.R., 1993, Population trend of the Yellowstone grizzly bear as estimated from reproductive and survival rates: Canadian Journal of Zoology, v. 72, no. 2, p. 360-363, https://doi.org/10.1139/z94-049.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"360","endPage":"363","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":295448,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":295447,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z94-049"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Montana, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park","volume":"72","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54422fa1e4b0192a5a42f3dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eberhardt, L. L.","contributorId":52099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eberhardt","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blanchard, B. M.","contributorId":37667,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blanchard","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Knight, R. R.","contributorId":90235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knight","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":66611,"text":"i1420(NH14) - 1993 - Quaternary geologic map of the Austin 4° x 6° quadrangle, United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-05T19:11:59.179576","indexId":"i1420(NH14)","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T07:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1420(NH-14)","subseriesTitle":"GAUS","title":"Quaternary geologic map of the Austin 4° x 6° quadrangle, United States","docAbstract":"<p>This map is part of the Quaternary Geologic Atlas of the United States (I-1420). It was first published as a printed edition in 1993. The geologic data have now been captured digitally and are presented here along with images of the printed map sheet and component parts as PDF files.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The Quaternary Geologic Map of the Austin 4° x 6° Quadrangle was mapped as part of the Quaternary Geologic Atlas of the United States. The atlas was begun as an effort to depict the areal distribution of surficial geologic deposits and other materials that accumulated or formed during the past 2+ million years, the period that includes all activities of the human species. These materials are at the surface of the Earth. They make up the ground on which we walk, the dirt in which we dig foundations, and the soil in which we grow crops. Most of our human activity is related in one way or another to these surface materials that are referred to collectively by many geologists as regolith, the mantle of fragmental and generally unconsolidated material that overlies the bedrock foundation of the continent. The maps were compiled at 1:1,000,000 scale.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>In recent years, surficial deposits and materials have become the focus of much interest by scientists, environmentalists, governmental agencies, and the general public. They are the foundations of ecosystems, the materials that support plant growth and animal habitat, and the materials through which travels much of the water required for our agriculture, our industry, and our general well being. They also are materials that easily can become contaminated by pesticides, fertilizers, and toxic wastes. In this context, the value of the surficial geologic map is evident.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/i1420(NH14)","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Texas Bureau of Economic Geology","usgsCitation":"Wermund, E.G., Moore, D., Christiansen, A.C., and Bush, C.A., 1993, Quaternary geologic map of the Austin 4° x 6° quadrangle, United States (Digital edition 2013): U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 1420(NH-14), Report: 15 p.; 1 Plate: 52.50 x 32.40 inches; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/i1420(NH14).","productDescription":"Report: 15 p.; 1 Plate: 52.50 x 32.40 inches; Downloads Directory","numberOfPages":"15","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":398591,"rank":6,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_9202.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":287844,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/i1420(NH14).jpg"},{"id":287576,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/i-1420/nh-14/pdf/i-1420_nh-14_map.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":287577,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/i-1420/nh-14/pdf/textonly.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":287578,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/i-1420/nh-14/downloads/"},{"id":287575,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/i-1420/nh-14/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"1000000","projection":"Modified Polyconic projection","country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Austin 4° x 6° quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -102.0,28.0 ], [ -102.0,32.0 ], [ -96.0,32.0 ], [ -96.0,28.0 ], [ -102.0,28.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Digital edition 2013","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a2a6","contributors":{"compilers":[{"text":"Moore, David W.","contributorId":63835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"David W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":749858,"contributorType":{"id":3,"text":"Compilers"},"rank":1}],"editors":[{"text":"Richmond, Gerald M.","contributorId":87165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richmond","given":"Gerald M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":749857,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Wermund, E. G. Jr.","contributorId":72468,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wermund","given":"E.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":274784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moore, David W.","contributorId":47467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"David W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":274782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Christiansen, Ann Coe","contributorId":96656,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christiansen","given":"Ann","email":"","middleInitial":"Coe","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":274786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bush, Charles A.","contributorId":97876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bush","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":274787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":60035,"text":"mf2198C - 1993 - Mineral resource assessment of mafic and ultramafic rocks in the Greenville 1° x 2° quadrangle, South Carolina, Georgia, and North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-25T20:23:26.817922","indexId":"mf2198C","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T07:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2198","chapter":"C","title":"Mineral resource assessment of mafic and ultramafic rocks in the Greenville 1° x 2° quadrangle, South Carolina, Georgia, and North Carolina","docAbstract":"<p>Mineral resources of the Greenville 1° x 2° quadrangle, South Carolina, Georgia, and North Carolina, were assessed between 1984 and 1990 under the Conterminuous United States Mineral Assessment Program (CUSMAP) of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). The mineral resource assessments were made on the basis of geologic, geochemical, and geophysical investigations and on the distribution of mines, prospects and mineral occurrences reported in the literature.</p><p>This report is an assessment of the mineral resources associated with mafic and ultramafic rocks in the Greenville quadrangle. It is based on the geology as mapped by Nelson and others (1987, 1989), on geochemistry of rock samples collected for this and other studies, on data available for known mines and prospects, and on the published geologic literature.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/mf2198C","usgsCitation":"Lesure, F.G., D’Agostino, J.P., and Gottfried, D., 1993, Mineral resource assessment of mafic and ultramafic rocks in the Greenville 1° x 2° quadrangle, South Carolina, Georgia, and North Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2198, Report: 30 p.; 1 Plate: 39.38 x 45.96 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2198C.","productDescription":"Report: 30 p.; 1 Plate: 39.38 x 45.96 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":183287,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/mf2198c.jpg"},{"id":390912,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_5828.htm"},{"id":283686,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2198-C/report.pdf"},{"id":283685,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2198-C/plate-1.pdf"}],"scale":"250000","country":"United States","state":"Georgia;North Carolina;South Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Greenville 1° x 2° quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -84.0,34.0 ], [ -84.0,35.0 ], [ -82.0,35.0 ], [ -82.0,34.0 ], [ -84.0,34.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a31a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lesure, Frank G.","contributorId":20068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lesure","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":263023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"D’Agostino, John P.","contributorId":106957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"D’Agostino","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":263025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gottfried, David","contributorId":82295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gottfried","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":263024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":58809,"text":"mf2236 - 1993 - Complete Bouguer gravity anomaly map of the state of Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-09T16:31:34.90621","indexId":"mf2236","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T07:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2236","title":"Complete Bouguer gravity anomaly map of the state of Colorado","docAbstract":"The Bouguer gravity anomaly map is part of a folio of maps of Colorado cosponsored by the National Mineral Resources Assessment Program (NAMRAP) and the National Geologic Mapping Program (COGEOMAP) and was produced to assist in studies of the mineral resource potential and tectonic setting of the State. Previous compilations of about 12,000 gravity stations by Behrendt and Bajwa (1974a,b) are updated by this map. The data was reduced at a 2.67 g/cm<sup>3</sup> and the grid contoured at 3 mGal intervals. This map will aid in the mineral resource assessment by indicating buried intrusive complexes, volcanic fields, major faults and shear zones, and sedimentary basins; helping to identify concealed geologic units; and identifying localities that might be hydrothermically altered or mineralized.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/mf2236","usgsCitation":"Abrams, G.A., 1993, Complete Bouguer gravity anomaly map of the state of Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2236, Map: 56.17 x 40, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2236.","productDescription":"Map: 56.17 x 40","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":284452,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2236/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":490272,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_5870.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":184357,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/mf2236.png"}],"scale":"500000","projection":"Lambert Conformal Conic Projection","country":"United States","state":"Colorado","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -109.0,37.0 ], [ -109.0,41.0 ], [ -102.0,41.0 ], [ -102.0,37.0 ], [ -109.0,37.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd5239e4b0b290850f4669","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Abrams, Gerda A.","contributorId":78706,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abrams","given":"Gerda","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":260888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":60036,"text":"mf2198D - 1993 - Mineral resource assessment of pegmatite minerals in the Greenville 1° x 2° quadrangle, South Carolina, Georgia, and North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-25T20:25:22.249381","indexId":"mf2198D","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T07:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2198","chapter":"D","title":"Mineral resource assessment of pegmatite minerals in the Greenville 1° x 2° quadrangle, South Carolina, Georgia, and North Carolina","docAbstract":"<p>Mineral resources of the Greenville 1° x 2° quadrangle, South Carolina, Georgia, and North Carolina, were assessed between 1984 and 1990 under the Conterminuous United States Mineral Assessment Program (CUSMAP) of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). The mineral resource assessments were made on the basis of geologic, geochemical, and geophysical investigations and on the distribution of mines, prospects, and mineral occurrences reported in the literature.</p><p>This report is an assessment of the minerals associated with mica pegmatites in the Greenville quadrangle. It is based on the geology as mapped by Nelson and others (1989), on field studies conducted from 1952 to 1962 by the USGS for the Defense Minerals Exploration Administration (DMEA) and the concurrent examination of many of the known mica mines and prospects in Georgia, and on the published geologic literature and an unpublished report by K.H. Teague on file with the South Carolina Development Board, Division of Geology, in Columbia, S.C.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Denver, CO","doi":"10.3133/mf2198D","usgsCitation":"Lesure, F.G., and D’Agostino, J.P., 1993, Mineral resource assessment of pegmatite minerals in the Greenville 1° x 2° quadrangle, South Carolina, Georgia, and North Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2198, 1 Plate: 53.09 x 39.36 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2198D.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 53.09 x 39.36 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":180427,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/mf2198d.jpg"},{"id":390913,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_5829.htm"},{"id":283687,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2198-D/plate-1.pdf"}],"scale":"250000","country":"United States","state":"Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Greenville 1° x 2° quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -84.0,34.0 ], [ -84.0,35.0 ], [ -82.0,35.0 ], [ -82.0,34.0 ], [ -84.0,34.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db6496b7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lesure, Frank G.","contributorId":20068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lesure","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":263026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"D’Agostino, John P.","contributorId":106957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"D’Agostino","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":263027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":58335,"text":"mf2233 - 1993 - Bathymetry of southern Mauna Loa Volcano, Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-04T09:41:46","indexId":"mf2233","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T07:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2233","title":"Bathymetry of southern Mauna Loa Volcano, Hawaii","docAbstract":"Manua Loa, the largest volcano on Earth, lies largely beneath the sea, and until recently only generalized bathymetry of this giant volcano was available. However, within the last two decades, the development of multibeam sonar and the improvement of satellite systems (Global Positioning System) have increased the availability of precise bathymetric mapping. This map combines topography of the subaerial southern part of the volcano with modern multibeam bathymetric data from the south submarine flank. The map includes the summit caldera of Mauna Loa Volcano and the entire length of the 100-km-long southwest rift zone that is marked by a much more pronounced ridge below sea level than above. The 60-km-long segment of the rift zone abruptly changes trend from southwest to south 30 km from the summit. It extends from this bend out to sea at the south cape of the island (Kalae) to 4 to 4.5 km depth where it impinges on the elongate west ridge of Apuupuu Seamount. The west submarine flank of the rift-zone ridge connects with the Kahuku fault on land and both are part of the ampitheater head of a major submarine landslide (Lipman and others, 1990; Moore and Clague, 1992). Two pre-Hawaiian volcanic seamounts in the map area, Apuupuu and Dana Seamounts, are apparently Cretaceous in age and are somewhat younger than the Cretaceous oceanic crust on which they are built.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/mf2233","isbn":"0607821965","usgsCitation":"Chadwick, W.W., Moore, J.G., Garcia, M.O., and Fox, C.G., 1993, Bathymetry of southern Mauna Loa Volcano, Hawaii: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2233, Map: 25.18 x 43.40 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2233.","productDescription":"Map: 25.18 x 43.40 inches","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":181014,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/mf2233.png"},{"id":284451,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2233/plate-1.pdf"}],"scale":"50000","country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -16.0,18.3 ], [ -16.0,19.3 ], [ -15.5,19.3 ], [ -15.5,18.3 ], [ -16.0,18.3 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4ef6e4b0b290850f2693","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chadwick, William W.","contributorId":77042,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chadwick","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":258776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moore, James G. 0000-0002-7543-2401 jmoore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7543-2401","contributorId":2892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"James","email":"jmoore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":258774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Garcia, Michael O.","contributorId":51636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garcia","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":258775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fox, Christopher G.","contributorId":86257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fox","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":258777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":58562,"text":"mf2198E - 1993 - Mineral resource assessment of rare-earth elements, thorium, titanium, and uranium in the Greenville 1° x 2° quadrangle, South Carolina, Georgia, and North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-25T20:27:28.872987","indexId":"mf2198E","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T07:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2198","chapter":"E","title":"Mineral resource assessment of rare-earth elements, thorium, titanium, and uranium in the Greenville 1° x 2° quadrangle, South Carolina, Georgia, and North Carolina","docAbstract":"<p>Mineral resources of the Greenville 1° x 2° quadrangle, South Carolina, Georgia, and North Carolina, were assessed between 1984 and 1990 under the Conterminuous United States Mineral Assessment Program (CUSMAP) of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). The mineral resource assessments were made on the basis of geologic, geochemical, and geophysical investigations and the presence of mines, prospects, and mineral occurrences from the literature.</p><p>This report is an assessment of the rare-earth elements (REE), thorium, titanium, and uranium resources in the Greenville quadrangle and is based on heavy mineral concentrates collected in 1951-54 by the USGS (Overstreet and others, 1968; Caldwell and White, 1973; Cuppels and White, 1973); on the results of the U.S. Department of Energy, National Uranium Resource Evaluation (NURE) sampling program (Ferguson, 1978, 1979); on analyses of stream-sediment and heavy-mineral-concentrate samples (Jackson and Moore, 1992, G.C Cullin, USGS, unpub. data, 1992) on maps showing aerial gamma radiation in the Greenville quadrangle (D.L. Daniels, USGS, unpub. data, 1992); and on the geology as mapped by Nelson and others (1987, 1989).</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Denver, CO","doi":"10.3133/mf2198E","usgsCitation":"Lesure, F.G., Curtin, G.C., Daniels, D.L., and Jackson, J.C., 1993, Mineral resource assessment of rare-earth elements, thorium, titanium, and uranium in the Greenville 1° x 2° quadrangle, South Carolina, Georgia, and North Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2198, 1 Plate: 47.48 x 40.79 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2198E.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 47.48 x 40.79 inches","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":390914,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_5830.htm"},{"id":180670,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/mf2198e.jpg"},{"id":283688,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2198-E/plate-1.pdf"}],"scale":"250000","country":"United States","state":"Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Greenville 1° x 2° quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -84.0,34.0 ], [ -84.0,35.0 ], [ -82.0,35.0 ], [ -82.0,34.0 ], [ -84.0,34.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66d049","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lesure, Frank G.","contributorId":20068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lesure","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":259781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Curtin, Gary C.","contributorId":89109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Curtin","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":259782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Daniels, David L. 0000-0003-0599-8036 dave@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0599-8036","contributorId":1792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daniels","given":"David","email":"dave@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":259779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jackson, John C. jjackson@usgs.gov","contributorId":2652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackson","given":"John","email":"jjackson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":259780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":17671,"text":"ofr9252 - 1993 - Sensitivity of water resources in the Delaware River basin to climate variability and change","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":17671,"text":"ofr9252 - 1993 - Sensitivity of water resources in the Delaware River basin to climate variability and change","indexId":"ofr9252","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"title":"Sensitivity of water resources in the Delaware River basin to climate variability and change"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":238,"text":"wsp2422 - 1994 - Sensitivity of water resources in the Delaware River basin to climate variability and change","indexId":"wsp2422","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"title":"Sensitivity of water resources in the Delaware River basin to climate variability and change"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":238,"text":"wsp2422 - 1994 - Sensitivity of water resources in the Delaware River basin to climate variability and change","indexId":"wsp2422","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"title":"Sensitivity of water resources in the Delaware River basin to climate variability and change"},"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-21T14:09:50","indexId":"ofr9252","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T07:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"92-52","title":"Sensitivity of water resources in the Delaware River basin to climate variability and change","docAbstract":"<p>Because of the \"greenhouse effect,\" projected increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide levels might cause global warming, which in turn could result in changes in precipitation patterns and evapotranspiration and in increases in sea level. This report describes the greenhouse effect; discusses the problems and uncertainties associated with the detection, prediction, and effects of climatic change, and presents the results of sensitivity-analysis studies of the potential effects of climate change on water resources in the Delaware River basin.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>On the basis of sensitivity analyses, potentially serious shortfalls of certain water resources in the basin could result if some climatic-change scenarios become true. The results of basin streamflow-model simulations in this study demonstrate the difficulty in distinguishing effects of climatic change on streamflow and water supply from effects of natural variability in current climate. The future direction of basin changes in most water resources, furthermore, cannot be determined precisely because of uncertainty in current projections of regional temperature and precipitation. This large uncertainty indicates that, for resource planning, information defining the sensitivities of water resources to a range of climate change is most relevant. The sensitivity analyses could be useful in developing contingency plans on how to evaluate and respond to changes, should they occur.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr9252","usgsCitation":"Ayers, M.A., Wolock, D.M., McCabe, G., Hay, L.E., and Tasker, G.D., 1993, Sensitivity of water resources in the Delaware River basin to climate variability and change: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 92-52, vii, 68 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9252.","productDescription":"vii, 68 p.","numberOfPages":"75","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":287515,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287514,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1992/0052/report.pdf"}],"scale":"500000","country":"United States","state":"Delaware;New Jersey;Pennsylvania","otherGeospatial":"Delaware River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -75.5,39.0 ], [ -75.5,40.0 ], [ -74.5,40.0 ], [ -74.5,39.0 ], [ -75.5,39.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fee4b07f02db5f6ee7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ayers, Mark A.","contributorId":84730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ayers","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":177372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wolock, David M. 0000-0002-6209-938X dwolock@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6209-938X","contributorId":540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolock","given":"David","email":"dwolock@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":177369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McCabe, Gregory J. 0000-0002-9258-2997 gmccabe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9258-2997","contributorId":1453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCabe","given":"Gregory J.","email":"gmccabe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":177371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hay, Lauren E. 0000-0003-3763-4595 lhay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3763-4595","contributorId":1287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hay","given":"Lauren","email":"lhay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":177370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tasker, Gary D.","contributorId":95035,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tasker","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":177373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":60630,"text":"mf2125E - 1993 - Assessment of the Joplin 1° x 2° quadrangle, Kansas and Missouri, for Mississippi Valley-type deposits and other minerals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-22T19:03:45.048595","indexId":"mf2125E","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T07:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2125","chapter":"E","title":"Assessment of the Joplin 1° x 2° quadrangle, Kansas and Missouri, for Mississippi Valley-type deposits and other minerals","docAbstract":"<p>This map is a part of the folio of maps of the Joplin 1° X 2° quadrangle, Kansas and Missouri, which was prepared under the Conterminuous United States Mineral Assessment Program. Other publications in this folio to date include the U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Maps MF-2125-A through D (Erickson and others, 1990; Grisafe and Rueff, 1992; Blair and others, 1992; McCafferty and Cordell, 1992). Additional maps showing other geologic aspects of the Joplin quadrangle will be published as U.S. Geological Survey maps bearing this same serial number with different letter suffixes (MF-2125-F, -G, and so on).</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Denver, CO","doi":"10.3133/mf2125E","usgsCitation":"Pratt, W.P., Hayes, T.S., Erickson, R., and Kisvarsanyi, E.B., 1993, Assessment of the Joplin 1° x 2° quadrangle, Kansas and Missouri, for Mississippi Valley-type deposits and other minerals: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2125, 2 Plates: 46.66 x 34.07 inches and 2: 37.29 x 49.63 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2125E.","productDescription":"2 Plates: 46.66 x 34.07 inches and 2: 37.29 x 49.63 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":182389,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/mf2125e.jpg"},{"id":390841,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_5729.htm"},{"id":283664,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2125-E/plate-2.pdf"},{"id":283663,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2125-E/plate-1.pdf"}],"scale":"250000","country":"United States","state":"Kansas, Missouri","otherGeospatial":"Joplin 1° x 2° quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -96.0,37.0 ], [ -96.0,38.0 ], [ -94.0,38.0 ], [ -94.0,37.0 ], [ -96.0,37.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abae4b07f02db671d63","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pratt, Walden P.","contributorId":68296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pratt","given":"Walden","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":264102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hayes, Timothy S. thayes@usgs.gov","contributorId":1547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"Timothy","email":"thayes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":264100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Erickson, Ralph L.","contributorId":51599,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erickson","given":"Ralph L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":264101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kisvarsanyi, Eva B.","contributorId":72260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kisvarsanyi","given":"Eva","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":264103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":136,"text":"wsp2400 - 1993 - National water summary 1990-91: Hydrologic events and stream water quality","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-04T22:33:24.152547","indexId":"wsp2400","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T07:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2400","title":"National water summary 1990-91: Hydrologic events and stream water quality","docAbstract":"<p><i>National Water Summary 1990-91 Hydrologic Events and Stream Water Quality</i> was planned to complement existing Federal-State water-quality reporting to the U.S. Congress that is required by the Clean Water Act of 1972. This act, formally known as the Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972 (Public Law 92-500), and its amendments in 1977,1979,1980,1981,1983, and 1987, is the principal basis for Federal-State cooperation on maintaining and reporting on water quality in the United States. Under section 305(b) of the Clean Water Act, the States must designate uses for waterbodies, biennially assess whether the waterbodies meet designated uses, and report to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), which in turn summarizes the findings of the State assessments in a biennial National Water Quality Inventory report to the Congress.</p>\n<p>This volume of the <i>National Water Summary</i> uses a nationally consistent data base and methods of statistical analysis to document stream water quality in the United States, Puerto Rico, and the Western Pacific Islands. As a basis for preparation of this report, the U.S. Geological Survey (uses) created a data base of waterquality data from about 2,900 stream water-quality monitoring stations in the United States (Lanfear, 1993). These data, which were extracted primarily from the uses National Water Information System (NWIS) and supplemented with data from the EPA national data base known as STORET, consisted mostly of water-chemistry and physical-sediment data. About 1,400 of these stations met a criterion, used in this volume for trends analysis of data, of having a period of record that began before water year 1980. (A water year is the period from October 1 through September 30 and is identified by the calendar year at the end of the period.) Inasmuch as the determination of trends requires about 10 years of data, few biological data were suitable for trends analysis because biological indicators of water quality were not being collected extensively by water year 1980. Also, because of the lack of long-term data, an assessment of the water quality of lakes and reservoirs is not included in this <i>National Water Summary</i>. Constituent and waterproperty data were selected from this data base and analyzed with statistical techniques that have been used extensively by the uses to summarize conditions and trends in water quality. (Throughout the remainder of this article, the term \"constituent\" is used also to represent water properties, such as pH and alkalinity.) Selected results from this analysis are presented graphically, both by State and nationally, in this volume.</p>\n<p>The data base created for preparation of this volume and the resulting nationally consistent statistical analysis of these data provide a unique opportunity to compare and contrast stream water-quality conditions and trends nationally and State by State. Because of the complexity of water quality and the natural seasonal and diurnal variations in the concentrations of waterquality constituents, the determination of trends in water quality requires a relatively long period of record. Trends in constituent concentrations in the State summaries in this volume were calculated for one or more of four periods water years 1970-89,1975-89,1980- 89, and 1982-89. Unfortunately, few water-quality monitoring stations have periods of record of more than 10 or 15 years, and therefore most analyses in the State summaries were done for 8- or 10-year periods. Although interest in water quality has continued to heighten since passage of the Clean Water Act, funds for support of data-collection programs are limited and data records of many of the constituents now of current concern, especially organic constituents, do not exist or are less than 10-years long; consequently only a modest number of organic constituents are presented in this volume. Discussion of conditions and trends in water quality in this <i>National Water Summary</i> also draw upon information about land use, population, water use, application of agricultural chemicals in rural areas, the siting of industrial facilities, and other ancillary information. Because the results of analysis of a restricted number of constituents are presented in this volume, State 305(b) reports also are cited in the discussion of water quality in each State.</p>\n<p>The following discussion is an overview of the three parts of this 1990-91 <i>National Water Summary</i> - \"Hydrologic Conditions and Water-Related Events, Water Years 1990-91,\" \"Hydrologic Perspectives on Water Issues,\" and \"State Summaries of Stream Water Quality.\"</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wsp2400","usgsCitation":"1993, National water summary 1990-91: Hydrologic events and stream water quality: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2400, ix, 590 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2400.","productDescription":"ix, 590 p.","numberOfPages":"602","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota 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R.","contributorId":17476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richmond","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dillon, William P. bdillon@usgs.gov","contributorId":79820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dillon","given":"William","email":"bdillon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":187717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":60720,"text":"mf2218 - 1993 - Logs of exploratory trenches through liquefaction features on late Quaternary terraces in the Obion River Valley, northwestern Tennessee","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-04T21:26:48.77658","indexId":"mf2218","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2218","title":"Logs of exploratory trenches through liquefaction features on late Quaternary terraces in the Obion River Valley, northwestern Tennessee","docAbstract":"<p>From December 1811 to February 1812, four large earthquakes (m<sub>b</sub>≥7.0) occurred in the New Madrid (Missouri) Seismic Zone (NMSZ). These have been the largest historical earthquakes in eastern North America. Although this area has been the focus of considerable seismological research, estimates of the repeat time of large-magnitude seismic events remain poorly constrained. Past estimates were primarily based on earthquake-frequency statistics and on paleoseismology studies. Johnston and Nava (1985) compiled historical seismicity data covering about 180 years and instrumental data covering 10 years, and they concluded that the repeat time for large-magnitude events (m<sub>b</sub>≥7.0) is between 500 and 1,100 yrs. However, this estimate is based on assumptions that the data set is representative of the seismicity of the region over the past 1,000 yrs, and that the relation between earthquake frequency and magnitude is constant (Johnston and Nava, 1985). Because these assumptions cannot be verified, this estimated recurrence interval of 550-1,100 hrs must be considered tentative (S. G. Wesnousky and L. M. Leffler, written commun., 1991). Investigation of exploratory trenches across the Reelfoot scarp in northwestern Tennessee documented the only unequivocal Holocene surface faulting in the upper Mississippi embayment (Russ and others, 1978; Russ, 1979). Fluvial sediment younger than about 2,250 yrs old is faulted, and the net vertical displacement is more than 3 m. Stratigraphic relations indicate at least two episodes of faulting occurred between about 2,250 yr B.P. and the 1811-12 events to estimate an average recurrence interval of less than 600 yrs for large-magnitude earthquakes in the NMSZ. However, inasmuch as Russ (1970) found no evidence for any historical offset on the Reelfoot scarp, the relation between the Reelfoot scarp and large paleoeartchquakes in the NMSZ has not been clearly established. The development of widespread liquefaction features suring the 1811-12 earthquake series (Obermeier, 1989, Obermeier and others, 1990) and the probably development of similar features during previous large-magnitude seismic events (m<sub>b</sub>≥6.2, Nuttli, 1982) have been the basis for several attempts to document the history of paleoliquefaction. Haller and Crone (1986) found evidence of only one episode of sand-blow development in exploratory trenches in late Pleistocene alluvium in eastern Arkansas and concluded that this liquefaction event was probably associated with the 1811-12 earthquake series. Saucier (1989) reported evidence of three liquefaction events in the past approximately 1,000 yrs in an exploratory trench in eastern Arkansas. On the basis of the apparent absence of post-depositional erosion separating the three sand-blow deposits, Saucier (1989) concluded that they formed in a relatively short period of time, probably during the 1811-12 earthquake series. Similarly, Schweig and Marple (1991) found evidence of only recent (probably 1811-12) liquefaction in exploratory trenched on late Wisconsin braided-stream deposits in southeastern Missouri. Leffler and Wesnousky (1991) and Wesnousky and Leffler (written commun., 1991) examined tens of kilometers of recently excavated drainage ditches in late Wisconsin braided-stream deposits in eastern Arkansas and found no evidence for prehistorical liquefaction events during the last 10,000 yrs. In contrast, Saucier (1991) estimated an average recurrence interval about 470 yrs on the basis of historical ages of liquefaction in the NMSZ. The lack of similar evidence from other sites implies a prehistorical liquefaction-producing seismic event in southeastern Missouri that was considerably smaller than the 1811-12 earthquake series. The apparent absence of paleoliquefaction features in late Wisconsin fluvial deposits in the zone of most intense 1811-12 liquefaction indicates that the repeat time of large (m<sub>b</sub>≥7.0) seismic events in the NMSZ is at least 10,000 yrs (Saucier, 1991; Wesnousky and Leffler, written commun., 1991). The present study was undertaken to verify this conclusion by documenting the record of liquefaction in late Wisconsin fluvial deposits along the Obion River, in northwestern Tennessee, This region was identified by Obermeier (1989) as an area deserving further study because of its proximity to the NMSZ and to areas of historical liquefaction.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/mf2218","usgsCitation":"Rodbell, D.T., and Bradley, L., 1993, Logs of exploratory trenches through liquefaction features on late Quaternary terraces in the Obion River Valley, northwestern Tennessee: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2218, 2 Plates: 54.39 x 38.60 inches and 48.02 x 36.57 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2218.","productDescription":"2 Plates: 54.39 x 38.60 inches and 48.02 x 36.57 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":284450,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2218/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":284449,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2218/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":180209,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/mf2218.jpg"},{"id":489667,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_5853.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Tennessee","otherGeospatial":"Obion River Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -89.3794,\n              36.2117\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.3794,\n              36.1531\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.1808,\n              36.1531\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.1808,\n              36.2117\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.3794,\n              36.2117\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd64f3e4b0b290850ffc52","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rodbell, Donald T.","contributorId":50404,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodbell","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":264290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bradley, Lee-Ann bradley@usgs.gov","contributorId":1141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Lee-Ann","email":"bradley@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":264289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":43316,"text":"ofr93247 - 1993 - Isostatic residual gravity map of the Oceanside 1:100,000-scale quadrangle, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-17T20:26:32.06573","indexId":"ofr93247","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-247","title":"Isostatic residual gravity map of the Oceanside 1:100,000-scale quadrangle, California","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr93247","usgsCitation":"Langenheim, V., and Jachens, R.C., 1993, Isostatic residual gravity map of the Oceanside 1:100,000-scale quadrangle, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 93-247, 1 Plate: 44.11 × 29.11 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr93247.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 44.11 × 29.11 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":135242,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":408421,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_12658.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":81076,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1993/0247/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Oceanside quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -118,\n              33\n            ],\n            [\n              -117,\n              33\n            ],\n            [\n              -117,\n              33.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -118,\n              33.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -118,\n              33\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa7e4b07f02db667065","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langenheim, Victoria E. 0000-0003-2170-5213 zulanger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2170-5213","contributorId":1526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langenheim","given":"Victoria E.","email":"zulanger@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":228030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jachens, Robert C. jachens@usgs.gov","contributorId":1180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jachens","given":"Robert","email":"jachens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":228029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":41080,"text":"ofr9433 - 1993 - Potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan aquifer in the St. John's Water Management District and vicinity, Florida, September 1993","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-05-09T20:03:37.627614","indexId":"ofr9433","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-33","title":"Potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan aquifer in the St. John's Water Management District and vicinity, Florida, September 1993","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr9433","usgsCitation":"Spechler, R., Phelps, G.G., Bradner, L.A., Murray, L., and Halford, K.J., 1993, Potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan aquifer in the St. John's Water Management District and vicinity, Florida, September 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-33, 1 Plate: 27.00 x 46.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9433.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 27.00 x 46.00 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":170801,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":416874,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_12444.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":21526,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0033/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Upper Floridan aquifer","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -83,\n              31\n            ],\n            [\n              -83,\n              26.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -80,\n              26.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -80,\n              31\n            ],\n            [\n              -83,\n              31\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad4e4b07f02db682de6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Spechler, R. M.","contributorId":85961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spechler","given":"R. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":224453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Phelps, G. G.","contributorId":82346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phelps","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":224452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bradner, L. A.","contributorId":21925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradner","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":224449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Murray, L. C.","contributorId":54636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murray","given":"L. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":224450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Halford, K. J. 0000-0002-7322-1846","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7322-1846","contributorId":61077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halford","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":224451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":30034,"text":"wri914044 - 1993 - Water resources of Washakie County, Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-23T21:01:04.699442","indexId":"wri914044","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"91-4044","title":"Water resources of Washakie County, Wyoming","docAbstract":"<p>Data on the surface- and ground-water resources are complied to summarize the water resources of Washakie County. This study, prepared in cooperation with the Wyoming State Engineer, is one in a series investigating the water resources of Wyoming counties . The three principal types of streams in the county are perennial, intermittent, and ephemeral. Perennial streams have continuous streamflows, and high streamflows are associated with snowmelt runoff; low streamflows usually occur in the winter months when the snowpack is frozen and ground-water discharge is at its smallest rate. Intermittent and ephemeral streams are characterized by periods of no flow, and high streamflows are associated with snowmelt or thunderstorms.</p><p>The principal aquifers are as follows: alluvium of Quaternary age, Willwood Formation of Tertiary age, Fort Union Formation of Tertiary age, and the formations of primarily Paleozoic age--Goose Egg Formation, Tensleep Sandstone, Madison Limestone, Bighorn Dolomite, and Flathead Sandstone. Reported yields from wells completed in the alluvium ranged from 10 to 40 gallons per minute, and reported yields from wells completed in the Willwood Formation ranged from 1 to 28 gallons per minute. Yields as large as 2,500 gallons per minute are reported from wells completed in the Madison Limestone, Bighorn Dolomite, and Flathead Sandstone.</p><p>Calcium magnesium sodium sulfate water and sodium sulfate water with concentrations of dissolved solids greater than 1,000 milligrams per liter are common in the alluvium, Willwood Formation and Fort Union Formation. Water samples from six of eight wells completed in the Willwood Formation have trace concentrations of herbicides. Calcium carbonate water with small dissolved-solids concentrations is common in the aquifers in Paleozoic formations.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri914044","usgsCitation":"Susong, D., Smalley, M., and Banta, E.R., 1993, Water resources of Washakie County, Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 91-4044, Report: v, 82 p.; 2 Plates: 20.93 x 29.89 inches and 21.82 x 17.30 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri914044.","productDescription":"Report: v, 82 p.; 2 Plates: 20.93 x 29.89 inches and 21.82 x 17.30 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":119608,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1991/4044/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58837,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1991/4044/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":58836,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1991/4044/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":481108,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1991/4044/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","county":"Washakie County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-108.5506,44.1685],[-107.1458,44.1656],[-107.1273,44.1656],[-107.1262,44.0776],[-107.1269,44.0726],[-107.1271,44.0621],[-107.1266,44.0476],[-107.1261,43.992],[-107.1238,43.8175],[-107.1099,43.8174],[-107.1101,43.8015],[-107.1103,43.7878],[-107.1117,43.7309],[-107.1123,43.6308],[-107.1119,43.6157],[-107.1121,43.6007],[-107.1123,43.5866],[-107.1118,43.5716],[-107.112,43.557],[-107.1082,43.557],[-107.1078,43.5442],[-107.1081,43.5151],[-107.1077,43.4996],[-107.1456,43.4994],[-107.1847,43.4997],[-107.203,43.4998],[-107.2314,43.5],[-107.3513,43.4988],[-107.4504,43.4997],[-107.4731,43.4998],[-107.4914,43.4994],[-107.5116,43.4995],[-107.5343,43.4991],[-107.5962,43.4998],[-107.5954,43.5139],[-107.5959,43.5434],[-107.5958,43.5576],[-107.5964,43.5712],[-107.5962,43.6008],[-107.5965,43.6459],[-107.613,43.6459],[-107.6724,43.6456],[-107.6952,43.6457],[-107.7142,43.6457],[-107.7147,43.673],[-107.7146,43.6999],[-107.7151,43.7299],[-107.7341,43.73],[-107.774,43.7305],[-107.7936,43.7301],[-107.8132,43.7306],[-107.8373,43.7306],[-107.8569,43.7302],[-107.9538,43.7298],[-107.9544,43.7444],[-107.955,43.8168],[-107.9601,43.8168],[-107.9797,43.8168],[-108.0837,43.8181],[-108.1541,43.819],[-108.1927,43.8194],[-108.1922,43.8467],[-108.3114,43.8465],[-108.3098,43.9048],[-108.3301,43.9047],[-108.431,43.9053],[-108.4311,43.9195],[-108.4316,43.9932],[-108.4526,43.9932],[-108.4926,43.9935],[-108.4927,44.0067],[-108.4929,44.0359],[-108.493,44.0509],[-108.4926,44.081],[-108.5321,44.0799],[-108.5524,44.0794],[-108.5519,44.0939],[-108.5506,44.1685]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Washakie\",\"state\":\"WY\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f4e4b07f02db5f0729","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Susong, D. D.","contributorId":12868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Susong","given":"D. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smalley, M.L.","contributorId":87585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smalley","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Banta, E. R.","contributorId":63038,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banta","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
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