{"pageNumber":"407","pageRowStart":"10150","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184617,"records":[{"id":70241842,"text":"70241842 - 2022 - Molecular mechanisms of solid bitumen and vitrinite reflectance suppression explored using hydrous pyrolysis of artificial source rock","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-29T12:05:04.630383","indexId":"70241842","displayToPublicDate":"2022-02-15T07:01:08","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2958,"text":"Organic Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Molecular mechanisms of solid bitumen and vitrinite reflectance suppression explored using hydrous pyrolysis of artificial source rock","docAbstract":"

The most commonly used parameter for thermal maturity calibration in basin modelling is mean random vitrinite reflectance (Ro). However, Ro suppression has been noted in samples containing a high proportion of liptinite macerals. This phenomenon has been demonstrated empirically using hydrous pyrolysis of artificial source rock containing various proportions of thermally immature Wyodak-Anderson coal and liptinite-rich kerogen from the Parachute Creek Member of the Green River Formation. Analysis of samples pyrolyzed at 330 °C for 72 h demonstrates that Ro values of both vitrinite and solid bitumen are suppressed in rocks containing liptinite-rich kerogen. Raman and micro-Fourier transform infrared (µ-FTIR) analyses were performed to investigate the mechanisms of suppression. Raman maturity proxies show decreased aromaticity in samples with suppressed Ro, particularly in solid bitumen, with aromaticity decreasing as the proportion of liptinite increases. The µ-FTIR proxy for aliphatic chain length and/or branching ratio is static in solid bitumen, yet increases slightly in vitrinite as the liptinite proportion increases. These spectroscopic results suggest slightly different suppression mechanisms for vitrinite and solid bitumen, with reduced C\"singleC bond cleavage and marginally reduced aromaticity in vitrinite with suppressed Ro, and strongly reduced aromaticity and C\"singleC bond cleavage in solid bitumen with suppressed Ro. These results support the hypothesis that the generation of free radicals during maturation slows aromatization and highlight the disadvantages of using solid bitumen Ro for maturity calibration in liptinite-rich samples. Furthermore, our results indicate that use of Raman data obtained from liptinite-rich samples may also result in suppressed maturity indicators, particularly if the macerals are not identified prior to analysis.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.orggeochem.2022.104371","usgsCitation":"Sanders, M.M., Jubb, A., Hackley, P.C., and Peters, K., 2022, Molecular mechanisms of solid bitumen and vitrinite reflectance suppression explored using hydrous pyrolysis of artificial source rock: Organic Geochemistry, v. 165, 104371, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2022.104371.","productDescription":"104371, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-134667","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":49175,"text":"Geology, Energy & Minerals Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":414885,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"165","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sanders, Margaret M. 0000-0003-3505-874X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3505-874X","contributorId":248709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanders","given":"Margaret","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":49175,"text":"Geology, Energy & Minerals Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":867904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jubb, Aaron M. 0000-0001-6875-1079","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6875-1079","contributorId":201978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jubb","given":"Aaron M.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":867905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hackley, Paul C. 0000-0002-5957-2551 phackley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5957-2551","contributorId":592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hackley","given":"Paul","email":"phackley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":867906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Peters, Kenneth E.","contributorId":10897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peters","given":"Kenneth E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70230491,"text":"70230491 - 2022 - Integration of vegetation classification with land cover mapping: Lessons from regional mapping efforts in the Americas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-14T11:49:12.307184","indexId":"70230491","displayToPublicDate":"2022-02-15T06:48:04","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":10551,"text":"Vegetation Classification and Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integration of vegetation classification with land cover mapping: Lessons from regional mapping efforts in the Americas","docAbstract":"

Aims: Natural resource management and biodiversity conservation rely on inventories of vegetation that span multiple management or political jurisdictions. However, while remote sensing data and analytical tools have enabled production of maps at increasing spatial resolution and reliability, there are limited examples where national or continental-scaled maps are produced to represent vegetation at high thematic detail. We illustrate two examples that have bridged the gap between traditional land cover mapping and modern vegetation classification. Study area: Our two case studies include national (USA) and continental (North and South America) vegetation and land cover mapping. These studies span conditions from subpolar to tropical latitudes of the Americas. Methods: Both case studies used a supervised modeling approach with the International Vegetation Classification (IVC) to produce maps that provide for greater thematic detail. Georeferenced locations for these vegetation types are used by machine learning algorithms to train a predictive model and generate a distribution map. Results: The USA LANDFIRE (Landscape Fire and Resource Management Planning Tools Project) case study illustrates how a history of vegetation-based classification and availability of key inputs can come together to generate standard map products covering more than 9.8 million km2 that are unsurpassed anywhere in the world in terms of spatial and thematic resolution. That being said, it also remains clear that mapping at the thematic resolution of the IVC Group and finer resolution require very large and spatially balanced inputs of georeferenced samples. Even with extensive prior data collection efforts, these remain a key limitation. The NatureServe effort for the Americas - encompassing 22% of the global land surface - demonstrates methods and outputs suitable for worldwide application at continental scales. Conclusions: Continued collection of input data used in the case studies could enable mapping at these spatial and thematic resolutions around the globe.

","language":"English","publisher":"Pensoft","doi":"10.3897/VCS.67537","usgsCitation":"Comer, P.J., Hak, J.C., Dockter, D., and Smith, J., 2022, Integration of vegetation classification with land cover mapping: Lessons from regional mapping efforts in the Americas: Vegetation Classification and Survey, p. 29-43, https://doi.org/10.3897/VCS.67537.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"29","endPage":"43","ipdsId":"IP-128344","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":448793,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3897/vcs.67537","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":398727,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-02-15","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Comer, Patrick J. 0000-0002-5869-2105","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5869-2105","contributorId":258190,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Comer","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":840550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hak, Jon C","contributorId":290233,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hak","given":"Jon","email":"","middleInitial":"C","affiliations":[{"id":17658,"text":"NatureServe","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":840551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dockter, Daryn 0000-0003-1914-8657","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1914-8657","contributorId":216392,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dockter","given":"Daryn","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":840552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smith, Jim","contributorId":191054,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Jim","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":840553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70237179,"text":"70237179 - 2022 - High abundance of a single taxon (amphipods) predicts aquatic macrophyte biodiversity in prairie wetlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-04T11:36:17.269282","indexId":"70237179","displayToPublicDate":"2022-02-15T06:33:44","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1321,"text":"Conservation Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"High abundance of a single taxon (amphipods) predicts aquatic macrophyte biodiversity in prairie wetlands","docAbstract":"

Conservation programs often aim to protect the abundance of individual species and biodiversity simultaneously. We quantified relations between amphipod densities and aquatic macrophyte (large plants and algae) diversity to test a hypothesis that biodiversity can support high abundance of a single taxonomic group. Amphipods (Gammarus lacustris and Hyalella azteca) are key forage for waterfowl and are declining in the Prairie Pothole Region of North America. We sampled a large gradient of amphipod densities (0–7050 amphipods/m3) in 49 semi-permanent wetlands, and 50% of the study wetlands had high amphipod densities (> 500 amphipods/m3). Generalized linear models revealed G. lacustris and H. azteca densities increased exponentially with macrophyte diversity indices. Further, H. azteca densities were greatest at moderate levels of submersed vegetation biomass. Community analyses showed both amphipod species were positively associated with diverse macrophyte assemblages and negatively associated with high coverage of cattails (Typha spp.), a taxon that creates monotypic stands, as well as bladderwort (Utricularia spp.), a carnivorous plant. Our results indicate that amphipods could be used as an umbrella species for protecting diverse macrophyte communities in semi-permanent and permanent wetlands of North America’s Prairie Pothole Region.

","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Conservation Biology","doi":"10.1007/s10531-022-02379-9","usgsCitation":"Larson, D.M., DeJong, D., Anteau, M.J., Fitzpatrick, M.J., Keith, B.R., Schilling, E.G., and Thoele, B., 2022, High abundance of a single taxon (amphipods) predicts aquatic macrophyte biodiversity in prairie wetlands: Conservation Biology, v. 31, p. 1073-1093, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-022-02379-9.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"1073","endPage":"1093","ipdsId":"IP-125387","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":448796,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-022-02379-9","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435968,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9INBET3","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Macrophyte and amphipod surveys in prairie wetlands of Minnesota in year 2019"},{"id":407850,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-02-15","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Larson, Danelle M. 0000-0001-6349-6267","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6349-6267","contributorId":228838,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"Danelle","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":853568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeJong, Demmey","contributorId":297160,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DeJong","given":"Demmey","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":64304,"text":"Augsburg University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":853569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anteau, Michael J. 0000-0002-5173-5870 manteau@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5173-5870","contributorId":3427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anteau","given":"Michael","email":"manteau@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":853570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fitzpatrick, Megan J.","contributorId":290649,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fitzpatrick","given":"Megan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":853571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Keith, Breanna R.","contributorId":290647,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Keith","given":"Breanna","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":853572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schilling, Emily G. 0000-0001-9920-4908","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9920-4908","contributorId":297161,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schilling","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":64304,"text":"Augsburg University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":853573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Thoele, Barry","contributorId":297162,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thoele","given":"Barry","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":64306,"text":"Lincoln Bait LCC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":853574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70229410,"text":"70229410 - 2022 - Genetic assignment of fisheries bycatch reveals disproportionate mortality among Alaska Northern Fulmar breeding colonies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-12T13:38:27.263721","indexId":"70229410","displayToPublicDate":"2022-02-15T06:18:27","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1601,"text":"Evolutionary Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Genetic assignment of fisheries bycatch reveals disproportionate mortality among Alaska Northern Fulmar breeding colonies","docAbstract":"

Global fisheries kill millions of seabirds annually through bycatch, but little is known about population-level impacts, particularly in species that form metapopulations. U.S. North Pacific groundfish fisheries catch thousands of Northern Fulmars (Fulmarus glacialis rodgersii) each year, making fulmars the most frequently caught seabird in federally managed U.S. fisheries. Here, we used genetic stock identification to assign 1,536 fulmars sampled as bycatch to one of four Alaska breeding colonies and quantified the similarity of bycatch locations at sea among colonies. We found disproportionately high bycatch from the Pribilof Islands (6% of metapopulation, 23% of bycatch), and disproportionately low bycatch from Chagulak Island (34% of metapopulation, 14% of bycatch). Overlap between fisheries and colony-specific foraging areas diverge more during the summer breeding season, leading to greater differences in bycatch susceptibility. Contemporary and historical gene flow likely contributes to low genetic differentiation among colonies (FST = 0.003–0.01), yet these values may not represent present connectivity. Our findings illustrate how genetic stock identification can link at-sea threats to colonies and inform management to reduce bycatch from impacted colonies.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/eva.13357","usgsCitation":"Baetscher, D., Beck, J., Anderson, E.C., Ruegg, K., Ramey, A.M., Hatch, S., Nevins, H.M., Fitzgerald, S., and Garza, J.C., 2022, Genetic assignment of fisheries bycatch reveals disproportionate mortality among Alaska Northern Fulmar breeding colonies: Evolutionary Applications, v. 15, no. 3, p. 447-458, https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13357.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"447","endPage":"458","ipdsId":"IP-122888","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":448798,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13357","text":"External Repository"},{"id":396775,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": 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-169.5849609375,\n 52.91138660627805\n ],\n [\n -170.09719848632812,\n 52.91138660627805\n ],\n [\n -170.09719848632812,\n 52.7446059259877\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -156.983642578125,\n 55.92920212464032\n ],\n [\n -156.522216796875,\n 55.92920212464032\n ],\n [\n -156.522216796875,\n 56.29368089320703\n ],\n [\n -156.983642578125,\n 56.29368089320703\n ],\n [\n -156.983642578125,\n 55.92920212464032\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"15","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-03-04","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baetscher, Diana S.","contributorId":288056,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baetscher","given":"Diana S.","affiliations":[{"id":61691,"text":"University of California Santa Cruz and NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beck, Jessie","contributorId":169807,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beck","given":"Jessie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25597,"text":"Oikonos Ecosystem Knowledge","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anderson, Eric C.","contributorId":206220,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":37289,"text":"Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ruegg, Kristen","contributorId":265708,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ruegg","given":"Kristen","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ramey, Andrew M. 0000-0002-3601-8400 aramey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3601-8400","contributorId":1872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramey","given":"Andrew","email":"aramey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":837307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hatch, Scott","contributorId":258853,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hatch","given":"Scott","affiliations":[{"id":52319,"text":"ISRC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Nevins, HannahRose M.","contributorId":131164,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nevins","given":"HannahRose","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6751,"text":"Moss Landing Marine Laboratories","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Fitzgerald, Shannon","contributorId":288057,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fitzgerald","given":"Shannon","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":51829,"text":"NOAA Alaska Fisheries Science Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Garza, J Carlos","contributorId":288058,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garza","given":"J","email":"","middleInitial":"Carlos","affiliations":[{"id":61691,"text":"University of California Santa Cruz and NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70238946,"text":"70238946 - 2022 - Fishway Entrance Palisade","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-10T16:06:21.874488","indexId":"70238946","displayToPublicDate":"2022-02-14T10:01:03","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":9958,"text":"Final Technical Report","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"title":"Fishway Entrance Palisade","docAbstract":"This technical report summarizes the work that was conducted by the University of Massachusetts Amherst and the United States Geological Survey (USGS), along with other project partners, on the Fishway Entrance Palisade (EP), a projected funded through the Department of Energy’s (DOE) funding opportunity titled ‘Innovative Solutions for Fish Passage at Hydropower Dams’ (DE‐FOA‐0001662). The period of performance ranged from September 1, 2018 through September 30, 2021. \n\nThe EP is a novel fish passage engineering technology designed to provide more favorable entry conditions for fish and to reduce costs relative to conventional fishway auxiliary water systems (AWS). The EP project has four primary components.\n\nFirst, the Northeast United States Auxiliary Water Systems Database was created (Northeast Fishway Auxiliary Water Systems Database Section). The database, developed with material provided by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, contains information on fishway type (e.g., lift, Denil, pool and weir) and Auxiliary Water System (AWS) details (e.g., water conveyance method, diffuser type) for 60 hydroelectric sites in the region. Findings indicate that nearly 4 out of every 10 fishway in the region is a fish lift and approximately 1 out of every 4 is a Denil ladder. The remainder are a mix of vertical slot fishways, pool and weirs, and Ice Harbor fishways. Furthermore, over half of all AWS systems use floor diffusers to discharge the auxiliary (or attraction) water into the entrance of a fishway, whereas only 14% use wall diffusers.\n\nSecond, limited experiments on a conventional AWS with live, actively migrating fish were conducted at the USGS Easter Ecological Science Center (EESC) S.O. Conte Research Laboratory (Conventional Auxiliary Water System Experiments Section). This study determined how water velocity through a wall diffuser, without turning vanes or timber baffles to distribute the flow, affects the behavior and passage of adult American shad, a conservative surrogate species for migratory fish on the East Coast. Two gross diffuser velocity treatments were examined, 0.5 ft/s and 1.0 ft/s. These wall diffuser velocities represented current (0.5 ft/s) and past (1.0 ft/s) design criteria guidelines set forth by the USFWS North Atlantic-Appalachian Region (Rojas 2020; USFWS 2019). Six trials with a total of 151 American Shad were conducted in June of 2019 for the two treatments. \n\nNo differences in American shad passage efficiency were discovered between the two treatments, while approximately 3 in every 4 attempts were successful at passing the diffuser. While these results may appear to indicate that the generally accepted gross wall diffuser velocity criteria for American shad of 0.5 ft/s could be safely increased to 1.0 ft/s, further analysis is warranted. Furthermore, it is unknown how other migratory and resident fish species that traverse these structures would be impacted by such a change. \n\nStudying the wall diffuser hydraulics led to an important AWS observation. Without turning vanes or timber baffles in this study, doubling the diffuser area was insufficient at producing the type of flow field change one may expect by halving the gross diffuser velocity. Instead, the flow fields throughout each treatments study area were similar, which led to similar results in shad performance. This not only highlights the importance of installing flow guidance devices like turning vanes, but also to the importance of properly maintaining them, which can be costly.\n\nThird, more expansive experiments on the novel EP were conducted in the spring of 2019 and 2021 (Fishway Entrance Palisade Experiments). The goal of this study was to determine how adult American shad responded to a variety of conditions at a full-scale EP. A total of six treatments were examined by changing the average auxiliary channel velocity between 1.0 and 5.0 ft/s in intervals of 1.0 ft/s and by inserting/removing an entrance gate at the opening of the fishway. Thirty trials with a total of 1,273 shad were conducted over the two years.\n\nIn all treatments, at least ~7 out of every 10 fish successfully passed the EP diffuser and swam into the entrance channel within the 3.5-hour long trial, highlighting the general effectiveness of the novel AWS technology. In both study years, lower velocities through the EP diffuser led to increased shad performance, though performance peaked for the 2 ft/s velocity treatment. This treatment condition represents an approximate six-fold increase in gross diffuser velocity relative to conventional auxiliary water systems, which in turn presents opportunities for cost savings (e.g., reduction in diffuser size).\n\nShad performance, in general, was worse in 2019 than in 2021, potentially due to the different run timing when our trials were conducted (2019 trials occurred near the end of the migration season, unlike in 2021). Treatments in 2019 had approximately a 20% reduction in entrance efficiency by the trial end, including a 16.7% drop for the 3 ft/s velocity treatment in 2019 relative to 2021 (the only carryover treatment between years). \n\nLastly, adding an entrance gate caused a significant delay to entry. The time to 25% entry raised ~20 minutes from the near instantaneous 25% entry that was reported for the other treatments conducted in the same year (2021). Though by the end of the 3.5-hour trial, the overall entrance efficiency nearly matched those of the other 2021 treatments.\n\nThe fourth and final component of the EP project was an economic analysis that focused on the cost of attraction and environmental flows (Modeling Power Generation Losses Due to Environmental and Fish Passage Attraction Flows at a Run-Of-River Hydroelectric Operation in the Northeast). The study assessed the economic impact of meeting environmental flow requirements at a representative hydroelectric facility and fish lift in the Northeast. An initial finding of the study was that there is a paucity of published data on the costs of meeting attraction and environmental flows. This is due, in part, to the proprietary nature of this data. To explore the costs associated with these flows, three types of environmental flows were assessed: upstream fishway attraction flows, downstream fishway attraction flows, and habitat maintenance minimum flows. A physics-based model was developed and calibrated with three years of hourly generation and flow data as inputs. Gage flow inputs were adjusted and used to calculate power generated. To address hydrologic variability, the model was executed to simulate 30 years of historical flows.\n\nResults indicate that both interannual and seasonal climatic factors impact the costs of meeting environmental flow requirements. Generation potential is most strongly curtailed during dry years in terms of maximizing the capacity factor (the percent of time a plant generates at capacity). Dry years, and especially dry summers, have the most significant costs associated with mitigation flows. Of the three types of flows, habitat flows are most costly in terms of power production, followed by upstream attraction flows. Downstream attraction flows are least costly. This finding is the likely result of differences in both flow rates and duration of the seasonal requirement for each flow. Overall, environmental flows represented a 2-12% loss in annual generation, but losses during a dry summer can reach over 20%.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Department of Energy","doi":"10.2172/1905243","usgsCitation":"Mulligan, K., Palmer, R., Towler, B., Haro, A., Lake, B., Rojas, M., and Lotter, E., 2022, Fishway Entrance Palisade: Final Technical Report, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.2172/1905243.","productDescription":"23 p.","ipdsId":"IP-138003","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":448800,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1905243","text":"External Repository"},{"id":411632,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -67.05182598949801,\n 44.89319311674552\n ],\n [\n -68.3175817931259,\n 47.33465807108087\n ],\n [\n -69.24621769928491,\n 47.283640086042396\n ],\n [\n -70.6255546394362,\n 45.53467504444376\n ],\n [\n -73.37060956424577,\n 44.92914333096371\n ],\n [\n -83.12438010438365,\n 34.6176223177726\n ],\n [\n -80.40129683431417,\n 31.8360293402377\n ],\n [\n -75.74355199471707,\n 35.10791041480914\n ],\n [\n -75.21833415636709,\n 38.125898555273295\n ],\n [\n -72.87164643954584,\n 40.72488283550473\n ],\n [\n -69.8736057821464,\n 41.750002105411085\n ],\n [\n -70.47472444522607,\n 43.094355406979275\n ],\n [\n -67.05182598949801,\n 44.89319311674552\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mulligan, Kevin 0000-0002-3534-4239 kmulligan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3534-4239","contributorId":177024,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mulligan","given":"Kevin","email":"kmulligan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":859308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Palmer, Richard","contributorId":202903,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Palmer","given":"Richard","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":859309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Towler, Brett","contributorId":141164,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Towler","given":"Brett","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6927,"text":"USFWS, National Wildlife Refuge System","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":859310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Haro, Alexander 0000-0002-7188-9172 aharo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7188-9172","contributorId":139198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haro","given":"Alexander","email":"aharo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":859311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lake, Bjorn","contributorId":300039,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lake","given":"Bjorn","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36803,"text":"NOAA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":859312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rojas, Marcia","contributorId":300040,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rojas","given":"Marcia","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37201,"text":"UMass Amherst","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":859313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lotter, Elizabeth","contributorId":300041,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lotter","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37201,"text":"UMass Amherst","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":859314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70228674,"text":"70228674 - 2022 - A statistical framework for integrating nonparametric proxy distributions into geological reconstructions of relative sea level","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-16T15:22:51.655089","indexId":"70228674","displayToPublicDate":"2022-02-14T09:19:33","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5542,"text":"Advances in Statistical Climatology, Meteorology and Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A statistical framework for integrating nonparametric proxy distributions into geological reconstructions of relative sea level","docAbstract":"

Robust, proxy-based reconstructions of relative sea-level (RSL) change are critical to distinguishing the processes that drive spatial and temporal sea-level variability. The relationships between individual proxies and RSL can be complex and are often poorly represented by traditional methods that assume Gaussian likelihood distributions. We develop a new statistical framework to estimate past RSL change based on nonparametric, empirical modern distributions of proxies in relation to RSL, applying the framework to corals and mangroves as an illustrative example. We validate our model by comparing its skill in reconstructing RSL and rates of change to two previous RSL models using synthetic time-series datasets based on Holocene sea-level data from South Florida. The new framework results in lower bias, better model fit, and greater accuracy and precision than the two previous RSL models. We also perform sensitivity tests using sea-level scenarios based on two periods of interest – meltwater pulses (MWPs) and the Holocene – to analyze the sensitivity of the statistical reconstructions to the quantity and precision of proxy data; we define high-precision indicators, such as mangroves and the reef-crest coral Acropora palmata, with 2σ vertical uncertainties within ± 3 m and lower-precision indicators, such as Orbicella spp., with 2σ vertical uncertainties within ± 10 m. For reconstructing rapid rates of change in RSL of up to ∼ 40 m kyr−1, such as those that may have characterized MWPs during deglacial periods, we find that employing the nonparametric model with 5 to 10 high-precision data points per kiloyear enables us to constrain rates to within ± 3 m kyr−1 (1σ). For reconstructing RSL with rates of up to ∼ 15 m kyr−1, as observed during the Holocene, we conclude that employing the model with 5 to 10 high-precision (or a combination of high- and low-precision) data points per kiloyear enables precise estimates of RSL within ±∼\"> 2 m (2σ) and accurate RSL reconstructions with errors ≲ 0.7 m. Employing the nonparametric model with only lower-precision indicators also produces fairly accurate estimates of RSL with errors ≲1.50 m, although with less precision, only constraining RSL to ±∼\"> 3–4 m (2σ). Although the model performs better than previous models in terms of bias, model fit, accuracy, and precision, it is computationally expensive to run because it requires inverting large matrices for every sample. The new model also provides minimal gains over similar models when a large quantity of high-precision data are available. Therefore, we recommend incorporating the nonparametric likelihood distributions when no other information (e.g., reef facies or epibionts indicative of shallow-water environments to refine coral elevational uncertainties) or no high-precision data are available at a location or during a given time period of interest.

","language":"English","publisher":"Copernicus Publications","doi":"10.5194/ascmo-8-1-2022","usgsCitation":"Ashe, E.L., Khan, N.S., Toth, L., Dutton, A., and Kopp, R.E., 2022, A statistical framework for integrating nonparametric proxy distributions into geological reconstructions of relative sea level: Advances in Statistical Climatology, Meteorology and Oceanography, v. 8, p. 1-29, https://doi.org/10.5194/ascmo-8-1-2022.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"29","ipdsId":"IP-130546","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":448803,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/ascmo-8-1-2022","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":396013,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-02-14","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ashe, Erica L.","contributorId":279484,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ashe","given":"Erica","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":12727,"text":"Rutgers University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Khan, Nicole S.","contributorId":213942,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Khan","given":"Nicole","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":38935,"text":"Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Ave., Singapore 639798","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Toth, Lauren T. 0000-0002-2568-802X ltoth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2568-802X","contributorId":181748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Toth","given":"Lauren","email":"ltoth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":834978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dutton, Andrea","contributorId":194113,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dutton","given":"Andrea","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":834979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kopp, Robert E.","contributorId":194114,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kopp","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":834980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70228576,"text":"70228576 - 2022 - Three Mw ≥ 4.7 earthquakes within the Changning (China) shale gas field ruptured shallow faults intersecting with hydraulic fracturing wells","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-14T15:19:14.272323","indexId":"70228576","displayToPublicDate":"2022-02-14T09:06:06","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Three Mw ≥ 4.7 earthquakes within the Changning (China) shale gas field ruptured shallow faults intersecting with hydraulic fracturing wells","docAbstract":"From 2017 to 2019, three destructive earthquakes (27 January 2017 Mw 4.7, 16 December 2018 Mw 5.2, and 3 January 2019 Mw 4.8) occurred in the Changning shale gas field in the southwest Sichuan Basin, China. Previous seismological studies attributed these events to hydraulic fracturing (HF), but were unable to identify the causative seismogenic faults and their slip behaviors. Here, we use Sentinel-1 synthetic aperture radar data to measure surface deformation triggered by the three events and conduct geodetic inversions to characterize their rupture models. The resulting coseismic interferograms show prominent surface deformation with the maximum line-of-sight displacements of up to 4 cm. The inversion results show that all three earthquakes mainly ruptured sedimentary formations above the shale gas bed, in the upper 3 km of the crust, with slip magnitudes ranging from 8.5 to 15 cm, and stress drops ranging from ∼1.8 to ∼3.3 MPa. Their source faults intersect with horizontal HF wells, but do not root in the crystalline basement. Combined with the reported difficulty of increasing HF operation pressures prior to the three events, we argue that they were most likely induced by direct injection of pressurized fluids into the fault zones. Crustal deformation patterns inferred from regional topography and GPS velocities highlight that the Changning field is located within a triple junction region near the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau with large deformation gradients; such conditions are not only favorable to the development of critically stressed faults, but also facilitate the occurrence of at least moderate magnitude earthquakes.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/2021JB022946","usgsCitation":"Wang, S., Jiang, G., Lei, X., Barbour, A.J., Tan, X., Xu, C., and Xu, X., 2022, Three Mw ≥ 4.7 earthquakes within the Changning (China) shale gas field ruptured shallow faults intersecting with hydraulic fracturing wells: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 127, no. 2, e2021JB022946, https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JB022946.","productDescription":"e2021JB022946","ipdsId":"IP-129647","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":395884,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"China","otherGeospatial":"Changning shale gas field, Sichuan Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 103.5791015625,\n 27.98955087395581\n ],\n [\n 106.138916015625,\n 27.98955087395581\n ],\n [\n 106.138916015625,\n 28.9120147012556\n ],\n [\n 103.5791015625,\n 28.9120147012556\n ],\n [\n 103.5791015625,\n 27.98955087395581\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"127","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-02-05","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wang, Shuai","contributorId":276197,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Shuai","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39129,"text":"Wuhan University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jiang, Guoyan 0000-0002-6602-7295","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6602-7295","contributorId":256973,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jiang","given":"Guoyan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":51926,"text":"CUHK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lei, Xinglin","contributorId":276198,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lei","given":"Xinglin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27746,"text":"Geological Survey of Japan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barbour, Andrew J. 0000-0002-6890-2452","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6890-2452","contributorId":215339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barbour","given":"Andrew","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":834653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tan, Xibin","contributorId":276199,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tan","given":"Xibin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49174,"text":"China Earthquake Administration","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Xu, Caijun 0000-0002-3459-7824","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3459-7824","contributorId":278586,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Xu","given":"Caijun","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39129,"text":"Wuhan University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Xu, Xiwei","contributorId":276200,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Xu","given":"Xiwei","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":56935,"text":"National Institute of Natural Hazards, Ministry of Emergency Management","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70228579,"text":"70228579 - 2022 - Fast rupture of the 2009 Mw 6.9 Canal de Ballenas earthquake in the Gulf of California dynamically triggers seismicity in California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-11T16:57:38.241489","indexId":"70228579","displayToPublicDate":"2022-02-14T08:52:46","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1803,"text":"Geophysical Journal International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fast rupture of the 2009 Mw 6.9 Canal de Ballenas earthquake in the Gulf of California dynamically triggers seismicity in California","docAbstract":"In the Gulf of California, Mexico, the relative motion across the North America-Pacific boundary is accommodated by a series of marine transform faults and spreading centers. About 40 M>6 earthquakes have occurred in the region since 1960. On 3 August 2009, an Mw 6.9 earthquake occurred near Canal de Ballenas in the region. The earthquake was a strike-slip event with a shallow hypocenter that is likely close to the seafloor. In contrast to an adjacent M7 earthquake, this earthquake triggered a ground-motion-based earthquake early warning algorithm being tested in southern California (∼600 km away). This observation suggests that the abnormally large ground motions and dynamic strains observed for this earthquake relate to its rupture properties. To investigate this possibility, we image the rupture process and resolve the slip distribution of the event using a P-wave back-projection approach and a teleseismic, finite-fault inversion method. Results from these two independent analyses indicate a relatively simple, unilateral rupture propagation directed along-strike in the northward direction. However, the average rupture speed is estimated around 4 km/s, suggesting a possible supershear rupture. The supershear speed is also supported by a Rayleigh wave Mach cone analysis, although uncertainties in local velocity structure preclude a definitive conclusion. The Canal de Ballenas earthquake dynamically triggered seismicity at multiple sites in California, with triggering response characteristics varying from location-to-location. For instance, some of the triggered earthquakes in California occurred up to 24 hours later, suggesting that nonlinear triggering mechanisms likely have modulated their occurrence.","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1093/gji/ggac059","usgsCitation":"Fan, W., Okuwaki, R., Barbour, A.J., Huang, Y., Lin, G., and Cochran, E.S., 2022, Fast rupture of the 2009 Mw 6.9 Canal de Ballenas earthquake in the Gulf of California dynamically triggers seismicity in California: Geophysical Journal International, v. 230, no. 1, p. 528-541, https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggac059.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"528","endPage":"541","ipdsId":"IP-133128","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":395882,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico","state":"Baja California","otherGeospatial":"Canal de Ballenas, Gulf of California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.5599365234375,\n 28.23180985121183\n ],\n [\n -111.29150390625,\n 28.23180985121183\n ],\n [\n -111.29150390625,\n 30.031055426540206\n ],\n [\n -114.5599365234375,\n 30.031055426540206\n ],\n [\n -114.5599365234375,\n 28.23180985121183\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"230","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-02-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fan, Wenyuan","contributorId":174007,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fan","given":"Wenyuan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6728,"text":"Scripps Inst Oceanography","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Okuwaki, Ryo","contributorId":174014,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Okuwaki","given":"Ryo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27339,"text":"University of Tsukuba","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barbour, Andrew J. 0000-0002-6890-2452","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6890-2452","contributorId":215339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barbour","given":"Andrew","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":834664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Huang, Yihe","contributorId":276214,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huang","given":"Yihe","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":56937,"text":"Univ Michigan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lin, Guoqing","contributorId":168856,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lin","given":"Guoqing","affiliations":[{"id":5112,"text":"University of Miami","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cochran, Elizabeth S. 0000-0003-2485-4484 ecochran@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2485-4484","contributorId":2025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cochran","given":"Elizabeth","email":"ecochran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":834667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70228601,"text":"70228601 - 2022 - Experimental evaluation of predator exclosures on nest, chick, and adult survival of piping plovers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-14T14:42:27.814026","indexId":"70228601","displayToPublicDate":"2022-02-14T08:31:51","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Experimental evaluation of predator exclosures on nest, chick, and adult survival of piping plovers","docAbstract":"

Species of conservation concern often receive intensive management to improve vital rates and facilitate recovery. Piping plovers (Charadrius melodus) are federally listed in the United States and concerns over nest depredation have prompted widespread use of plover-permeable predator exclosures placed around nests (0.5–2-m radius). While effectiveness of exclosures for improving nest survival has been demonstrated, concerns remain about decreased chick survival (through predator cueing or density-dependent processes) or increased vulnerability of adults to predation (ambush as adult leaves exclosure). Either one of these concerns could demographically outweigh the benefits of increased nest survival. During 2014–2016, we conducted an experiment designed to evaluate survival of uniquely identified nests (n = 418), chicks (n = 453), and adults (n = 367) at wetlands across the Northern Great Plains, USA. We assigned wetlands (n2014 = 26, n2015 = 28, n2016 = 25) into 2 groups: wetlands in which half of the nests received exclosures and wetlands in which none of the nests received exclosures. Exclosed nests had greater cumulative survival (0.73 [85% CI = 0.70–0.77]) than unexclosed nests at treatment wetlands (0.58 [0.54–0.62]) or unexclosed nests at control wetlands (0.52 [0.49–0.56]). Survival to fledging was highest for chicks hatched from exclosed nests (0.51 [0.47–0.56]), and similar between chicks hatched from unexclosed nests at treatment (0.34 [0.30–0.39]) and control (0.37 [0.32–0.42]) wetlands. Cumulative survival of adults during incubation varied by exclosure status, but adults associated with exclosed nests (0.90 [0.88–0.93]) and unexclosed nests at treatment wetlands (0.89 [0.86–0.92]) had greater survival than those associated with unexclosed nests at control wetlands (0.75 [0.64–0.84]). Adult annual survival rates varied by year (0.79–0.95) but not by exclosure status. The positive influence of exclosures on nest survival was not offset by a reduction in chick or adult survival, indicating that exclosures are a viable tool for piping plover conservation.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.22139","usgsCitation":"Anteau, M.J., Swift, R.J., Sherfy, M.H., Koons, D.N., Ellis, K.S., Shaffer, T.L., Toy, D.L., and Ring, M., 2022, Experimental evaluation of predator exclosures on nest, chick, and adult survival of piping plovers: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 86, no. 1, p. 1-21, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.22139.","productDescription":"e22139, 21 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"21","ipdsId":"IP-127631","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":435969,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9YUXKEC","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Experimental evaluation of predator exclosures on nest, chick, and adult survival data for the Northern Great Plains piping plover, 2014 - 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N.","contributorId":28137,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koons","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ellis, Kristen S. 0000-0003-2759-3670","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2759-3670","contributorId":251877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellis","given":"Kristen","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":834741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Shaffer, Terry L. 0000-0001-6950-8951 tshaffer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6950-8951","contributorId":3192,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaffer","given":"Terry","email":"tshaffer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern 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hyperparameter optimization approach for selection of environmental model solver settings","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-14T14:29:36.859424","indexId":"70228602","displayToPublicDate":"2022-02-14T08:25:44","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1551,"text":"Environmental Modelling and Software","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"NWTOPT — A hyperparameter optimization approach for selection of environmental model solver settings","docAbstract":"Hyperparameter optimization approaches were applied to improve performance and accuracy of groundwater flow models. Freely available new software, NWTOPT, is described that uses Tree of Parzen Estimators (TPE) and Random Search algorithms to optimize MODFLOW-NWTs solver settings. We ran 3500 trials on a steady-state and transient model. To quantify the performance of candidate solver settings, we defined a loss function based on time elapsed and mass balance error of the MODFLOW-NWT forward run. Before optimization the steady- state model ran in ~12 min and the transient model ran in ~5 h with acceptable mass balance error (<1%). After optimization runtimes were reduced to ~2.7 min (steady state) and ~48 min (transient) with errors below 0.1%. In both cases TPE found hyperparameters that resulted in faster running and lower error models than those found by Random Search. The time to complete the optimization trials was also shorter with the TPE algorithm.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.envsoft.2021.105250","usgsCitation":"Newcomer, M.W., and Hunt, R., 2022, NWTOPT — A hyperparameter optimization approach for selection of environmental model solver settings: Environmental Modelling and Software, v. 147, p. 1-7, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2021.105250.","productDescription":"105250, 7 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"7","ipdsId":"IP-131832","costCenters":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":448809,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2021.105250","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435970,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9CPBZJX","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"NWTOPT"},{"id":395877,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"147","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Newcomer, Max William 0000-0003-2491-546X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2491-546X","contributorId":276318,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newcomer","given":"Max","email":"","middleInitial":"William","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":834745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hunt, Randall J. 0000-0001-6465-9304","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6465-9304","contributorId":16118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"Randall J.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":834746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70239098,"text":"70239098 - 2022 - Light and flow regimes regulate the metabolism of rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-27T13:52:14.349473","indexId":"70239098","displayToPublicDate":"2022-02-14T07:40:50","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3164,"text":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Light and flow regimes regulate the metabolism of rivers","docAbstract":"

Mean annual temperature and mean annual precipitation drive much of the variation in productivity across Earth's terrestrial ecosystems but do not explain variation in gross primary productivity (GPP) or ecosystem respiration (ER) in flowing waters. We document substantial variation in the magnitude and seasonality of GPP and ER across 222 US rivers. In contrast to their terrestrial counterparts, most river ecosystems respire far more carbon than they fix and have less pronounced and consistent seasonality in their metabolic rates. We find that variation in annual solar energy inputs and stability of flows are the primary drivers of GPP and ER across rivers. A classification schema based on these drivers advances river science and informs management.

","language":"English","publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","doi":"10.1073/pnas.2121976119","usgsCitation":"Bernhardt, E.S., Savoy, P., Vlah, M.J., Appling, A.P., Koenig, L., Hall Jr., R., Arroita, M., Blaszczak, J., Carter, A.M., Cohen, M.J., Harvey, J., Heffernan, J.B., Helton, A.M., Hosen, J., Kirk, L., McDowell, W.H., Stanley, E.H., Yackulic, C., and Grimm, N.B., 2022, Light and flow regimes regulate the metabolism of rivers: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, v. 119, no. 8, e2121976119, 5 p., https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2121976119.","productDescription":"e2121976119, 5 p.","ipdsId":"IP-135271","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":448811,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2121976119","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":411062,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"119","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-02-14","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bernhardt, Emily. S","contributorId":300289,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bernhardt","given":"Emily.","email":"","middleInitial":"S","affiliations":[{"id":12643,"text":"Duke University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":860037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Savoy, Philip 0000-0002-6075-837X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6075-837X","contributorId":300288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savoy","given":"Philip","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":860038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vlah, Michael J","contributorId":300353,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vlah","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J","affiliations":[{"id":12643,"text":"Duke University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":860039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Appling, Alison Paige 0000-0003-3638-8572 aappling@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3638-8572","contributorId":300354,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Appling","given":"Alison","email":"aappling@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Paige","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":860040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Koenig, Lauren E 0000-0002-7790-330X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7790-330X","contributorId":298697,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koenig","given":"Lauren E","affiliations":[{"id":36710,"text":"University of Connecticut","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":860041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hall Jr., Robert O","contributorId":292567,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hall Jr.","given":"Robert O","affiliations":[{"id":41061,"text":"Flathead Lake Biological Station, University of Montana, Polson, MT 59860","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":860042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Arroita, Maite 0000-0001-8754-7604","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8754-7604","contributorId":203307,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arroita","given":"Maite","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36597,"text":"Flathead Lake Biological Station, University of Montana; University of the Basque Country","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":860043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Blaszczak, Joanna 0000-0001-5122-0829","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5122-0829","contributorId":225159,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blaszczak","given":"Joanna","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":41055,"text":"Natural Resources and Environmental Science, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":860044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Carter, Alice M. 0000-0002-7225-7249","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7225-7249","contributorId":298702,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carter","given":"Alice","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":12643,"text":"Duke University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":860045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Cohen, Matthew J.","contributorId":138990,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cohen","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":860046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Harvey, Judson 0000-0002-2654-9873","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2654-9873","contributorId":219104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"Judson","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":860047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Heffernan, James B. 0000-0001-7641-9949","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7641-9949","contributorId":211189,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Heffernan","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":12643,"text":"Duke University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":860048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Helton, Ashley M. 0000-0001-6928-2104","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6928-2104","contributorId":298703,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Helton","given":"Ashley","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36710,"text":"University of Connecticut","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":860049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Hosen, J.D. 0000-0003-2559-0687","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2559-0687","contributorId":210149,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hosen","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[{"id":38085,"text":"Yale Univ.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":860050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Kirk, Lily","contributorId":300290,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kirk","given":"Lily","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36221,"text":"University of Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":860051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"McDowell, William H.","contributorId":198684,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McDowell","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":18105,"text":"University of New Hampshire, Durham","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":860052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Stanley, Emily H.","contributorId":55725,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stanley","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":12951,"text":"Center for Limnology, University of Wisconsin Madison","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":860053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Yackulic, Charles B. 0000-0001-9661-0724","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9661-0724","contributorId":218825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yackulic","given":"Charles","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":860054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Grimm, Nancy B.","contributorId":44058,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grimm","given":"Nancy","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":24511,"text":"Arizona State University, Tempe AZ USA 85287","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":860055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19}]}} ,{"id":70230406,"text":"70230406 - 2022 - Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics simulations of reef surf zone processes driven by plunging irregular waves","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-12T12:20:14.982267","indexId":"70230406","displayToPublicDate":"2022-02-14T07:19:24","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2925,"text":"Ocean Modelling","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics simulations of reef surf zone processes driven by plunging irregular waves","docAbstract":"

As waves interact with the slopes of coral reefs and other steep bathymetry profiles, plunging breaking usually occurs where the free surface overturns and violent water motion is triggered. Resolving these surf zone processes pose significant challenges for conventional mesh-based hydrodynamic models, due to the rapidly-deforming nature of the free surface and associated flows. Yet the accurate prediction of these surf zone hydrodynamics is critical for predicting a wide range of nearshore processes driven by wave breaking (e.g., wave dissipation and energy transfers; mean water levels and currents; and wave runup). In this study we assess the ability of the mesh-free, Lagrangian particle-based numerical modelling approach Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) based on DualSPHysics, to simulate the fine-scale hydrodynamic processes driven by irregular wave transformation over a fringing reef profile, by comparing results against detailed experimental observations from a physical modelling study. To greatly improve the computational efficiency, the SPH model was coupled to the mesh-based multi-layer nonhydrostatic wave-flow model SWASH. With this coupled approach, SWASH was used to efficiently simulate the evolution of non-breaking waves from the wavemaker up to the fore reef slope, with the SPH model then used to simulate the detailed hydrodynamic processes over the reef from just offshore of the breakpoint to the shoreline. The SPH model was able to accurately reproduce the complex free surface deformations during plunging breaking, the spectral evolution of waves across the reef flat (including nonlinear wave shape), the mean water levels and currents, and wave runup at the shoreline. Using the long duration simulations (>400 wave periods), the model was able to reproduce the full range of wave motions over the reef (from sea-swell to infragravity frequencies), including the increasing dominance of low frequency waves towards the shoreline and the large cross-reef standing wave motions excited by the reef geometry.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ocemod.2022.101945","usgsCitation":"Lowe, R.J., Altomare, C., Buckley, M.L., da Silva, R.F., Hansen, J.E., Rijnsdorp, D.P., Dominguez, J., and Crespo, A., 2022, Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics simulations of reef surf zone processes driven by plunging irregular waves: Ocean Modelling, v. 171, 101945, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2022.101945.","productDescription":"101945, 20 p.","ipdsId":"IP-131129","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":448813,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2117/387691","text":"External Repository"},{"id":398535,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"171","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lowe, Ryan J.","contributorId":152265,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lowe","given":"Ryan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6986,"text":"Stanford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":840332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Altomare, C.","contributorId":290134,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Altomare","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":62343,"text":"Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya - BarcelonaTech (UPC)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":840333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Buckley, Mark L. 0000-0002-1909-4831","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1909-4831","contributorId":203481,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buckley","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":840334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"da Silva, Renan F.","contributorId":261462,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"da Silva","given":"Renan","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":24588,"text":"The University of Western Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":840335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hansen, Jeff E.","contributorId":204340,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hansen","given":"Jeff","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":24588,"text":"The University of Western Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":840336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rijnsdorp, Dirk P.","contributorId":261463,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rijnsdorp","given":"Dirk","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":17614,"text":"Delft University of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":840337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dominguez, J.M.","contributorId":290135,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dominguez","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":62345,"text":"Universidade de Vigo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":840338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Crespo, A.J.C.","contributorId":290136,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crespo","given":"A.J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":62345,"text":"Universidade de Vigo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":840339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70262478,"text":"70262478 - 2022 - Immunological evidence of variation in exposure and immune response to Bacillus anthracis in herbivores of Kruger and Etosha National Parks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-23T16:56:26.337064","indexId":"70262478","displayToPublicDate":"2022-02-13T10:48:43","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5620,"text":"Frontiers in Immunology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Immunological evidence of variation in exposure and immune response to Bacillus anthracis in herbivores of Kruger and Etosha National Parks","title":"Immunological evidence of variation in exposure and immune response to Bacillus anthracis in herbivores of Kruger and Etosha National Parks","docAbstract":"

Exposure and immunity to generalist pathogens differ among host species and vary across spatial scales. Anthrax, caused by a multi-host bacterial pathogen, Bacillus anthracis, is enzootic in Kruger National Park (KNP), South Africa and Etosha National Park (ENP), Namibia. These parks share many of the same potential host species, yet the main anthrax host in one (greater kudu (Tragelaphus strepsiceros) in KNP and plains zebra (Equus quagga) in ENP) is only a minor host in the other. We investigated species and spatial patterns in anthrax mortalities, B. anthracis exposure, and the ability to neutralize the anthrax lethal toxin to determine if observed host mortality differences between locations could be attributed to population-level variation in pathogen exposure and/or immune response. Using serum collected from zebra and kudu in high and low incidence areas of each park (18- 20 samples/species/area), we estimated pathogen exposure from anti-protective antigen (PA) antibody response using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and lethal toxin neutralization with a toxin neutralization assay (TNA). Serological evidence of pathogen exposure followed mortality patterns within each system (kudus: 95% positive in KNP versus 40% in ENP; zebras: 83% positive in ENP versus 63% in KNP). Animals in the high-incidence area of KNP had higher anti-PA responses than those in the low-incidence area, but there were no significant differences in exposure by area within ENP. Toxin neutralizing ability was higher for host populations with lower exposure prevalence, i.e., higher in ENP kudus and KNP zebras than their conspecifics in the other park. These results indicate that host species differ in their exposure to and adaptive immunity against B. anthracis in the two parks. These patterns may be due to environmental differences such as vegetation, rainfall patterns, landscape or forage availability between these systems and their interplay with host behavior (foraging or other risky behaviors), resulting in differences in exposure frequency and dose, and hence immune response.

","language":"English","publisher":"Frontiers Media","doi":"10.3389/fimmu.2022.814031","usgsCitation":"Ochai, S.O., Crafford, J., Hassim, A., Byaruhanga, C., Huang, Y., Hartmann, A., Dekker, E., van Schalkwyk, O., Kamath, P., Turner, W.C., and van Heerden, H., 2022, Immunological evidence of variation in exposure and immune response to Bacillus anthracis in herbivores of Kruger and Etosha National Parks: Frontiers in Immunology, v. 13, 814031, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.814031.","productDescription":"814031, 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-135065","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":481092,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.814031","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":481008,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Namibia, South Africa","otherGeospatial":"Etosha National Park, Kruger National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 13.99697075011565,\n -17.9704803255822\n ],\n [\n 14.042362443293712,\n -19.592355004499595\n ],\n [\n 17.575676967960106,\n -19.575250462094317\n ],\n [\n 17.575676967960106,\n -17.953206628620634\n ],\n [\n 13.99697075011565,\n -17.9704803255822\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 30.65264945923775,\n -22.32856930947861\n ],\n [\n 31.245229473428566,\n -25.55857896070789\n ],\n [\n 32.07283709158796,\n -25.569715149900304\n ],\n [\n 31.896147080990332,\n -23.97674400909702\n ],\n [\n 31.31940421620908,\n -22.35940535120622\n ],\n [\n 30.65264945923775,\n -22.32856930947861\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-02-14","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ochai, Sunday O.","contributorId":342466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ochai","given":"Sunday","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":48053,"text":"University of Pretoria","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":924312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Crafford, Jan E.","contributorId":349435,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crafford","given":"Jan E.","affiliations":[{"id":48053,"text":"University of Pretoria","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":924313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hassim, Ayesha","contributorId":342327,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hassim","given":"Ayesha","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48053,"text":"University of Pretoria","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":924314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Byaruhanga, Charles","contributorId":349439,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Byaruhanga","given":"Charles","affiliations":[{"id":48053,"text":"University of Pretoria","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":924315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Huang, Yen-Hua","contributorId":287150,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huang","given":"Yen-Hua","affiliations":[{"id":7122,"text":"University of Wisconsin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":924316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hartmann, Axel","contributorId":287153,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hartmann","given":"Axel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":61496,"text":"Etosha Ecological Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":924317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dekker, Edgar H.","contributorId":343067,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dekker","given":"Edgar H.","affiliations":[{"id":81972,"text":"Government of South Africa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":924318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"van Schalkwyk, O. Louis","contributorId":343075,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"van Schalkwyk","given":"O. Louis","affiliations":[{"id":48053,"text":"University of Pretoria","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":924319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Kamath, Pauline L.","contributorId":342470,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kamath","given":"Pauline L.","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":924320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Turner, Wendy Christine 0000-0002-0302-1646","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0302-1646","contributorId":287053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turner","given":"Wendy","email":"","middleInitial":"Christine","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":924311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"van Heerden, Henriette","contributorId":343077,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"van Heerden","given":"Henriette","affiliations":[{"id":48053,"text":"University of Pretoria","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":924321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70248454,"text":"70248454 - 2022 - Observation-constrained multicycle dynamic models of the southern San Andreas and the northern San Jacinto Faults: Addressing complexity in paleoearthquake extent and recurrence with realistic 2D fault geometry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-14T13:37:15.595869","indexId":"70248454","displayToPublicDate":"2022-02-13T08:31:50","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7501,"text":"JGR Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Observation-constrained multicycle dynamic models of the southern San Andreas and the northern San Jacinto Faults: Addressing complexity in paleoearthquake extent and recurrence with realistic 2D fault geometry","docAbstract":"

Understanding mechanical conditions that lead to complexity in earthquakes is important to seismic hazard analysis. In this study, we simulate physics-based multicycle dynamic models of the San Andreas fault (Carrizo through San Bernardino sections) and the San Jacinto fault (Claremont and Clark strands). We focus on a complex fault geometry based on the Southern California Earthquake Center Community Fault Model and its effect over multiple earthquake cycles. Using geodetically derived strain rates, we validate the models against geologic slip rates and recurrence intervals at various paleoseismic sites. We find that the interactions among fault geometry, dynamic rupture and interseismic stress accumulation produce stress heterogeneities, leading to rupture segmentation and variability in earthquake recurrence. Our models produce earthquakes with rupture extents similar to a recent comprehensive paleoseismic catalog. The “earthquake gates” of the Big Bend and the Cajon Pass occasionally impede dynamic ruptures. The angle of compression, which is the subtraction of the maximum shear strain rate direction from the local fault strike, can better determine the likelihood of the impedance of restraining bends to dynamic ruptures. Because the Big Bend has an angle of compression of ∼20°, ruptures that traverse the Big Bend, like the 1857 Fort Tejon earthquake, are more frequent than expected based on empirical relations which predict the ∼40° restraining bend to terminate most ruptures. Our models indicate that large ruptures tend to initiate north of the Big Bend and propagate southwards, similar to the 1857 earthquake, providing critical information for ground shaking assessment in the region.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2021JB023420","usgsCitation":"Liu, D., Duan, B., Scharer, K., and Yule, D., 2022, Observation-constrained multicycle dynamic models of the southern San Andreas and the northern San Jacinto Faults: Addressing complexity in paleoearthquake extent and recurrence with realistic 2D fault geometry: JGR Solid Earth, v. 127, no. 2, e2021JB023420, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JB023420.","productDescription":"e2021JB023420, 22 p.","ipdsId":"IP-134346","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":420787,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Andreas fault, San Jacinto fault","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.44325960160413,\n 32.16342572407258\n ],\n [\n -114.94694055365994,\n 32.602203651593555\n ],\n [\n -115.68298832504138,\n 34.35705299301095\n ],\n [\n -118.23123450540402,\n 36.17004671558314\n ],\n [\n -122.64022454058095,\n 36.13834876313085\n ],\n [\n -121.86568529506617,\n 34.953691891088454\n ],\n [\n -121.34563225647895,\n 34.47252679102584\n ],\n [\n -121.17142222603147,\n 34.2697526624934\n ],\n [\n -121.02235509801822,\n 34.13587207276275\n ],\n [\n -120.6666703621019,\n 33.96832043218005\n ],\n [\n -120.60479015432749,\n 33.80728338539414\n ],\n [\n -120.54293930018164,\n 33.558510586072956\n ],\n [\n -120.24885318454707,\n 33.2222811389733\n ],\n [\n -119.79867764478334,\n 32.6389190231105\n ],\n [\n -119.44325960160413,\n 32.16342572407258\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"127","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-02-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Liu, Dunyu","contributorId":204607,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liu","given":"Dunyu","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6747,"text":"Texas A&M University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":882975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Duan, Benchuan","contributorId":329691,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Duan","given":"Benchuan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":78687,"text":"TAMU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":882976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scharer, Katherine M. 0000-0003-2811-2496","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2811-2496","contributorId":217361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scharer","given":"Katherine M.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":882977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Yule, Doug","contributorId":239568,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yule","given":"Doug","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36305,"text":"CSU Northridge","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":882978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70247284,"text":"70247284 - 2022 - Trends in volcano seismology: 2010 to 2020 and beyond","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-26T13:36:17.77978","indexId":"70247284","displayToPublicDate":"2022-02-12T08:33:24","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1109,"text":"Bulletin of Volcanology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trends in volcano seismology: 2010 to 2020 and beyond","docAbstract":"

Volcano seismology has been fundamental to our current understanding of crustal magma migration and eruption. The increasing availability of portable seismic networks with the creative use of seismic sources and ambient noise has led to a better understanding of the volcanic structure of many volcanoes and is producing increasingly detailed images of the volcanic subsurface. The past decade (2010-2020) has seen advances in our understanding of seismic sources under and surrounding volcanoes through precise locations, and through analysis of source mechanisms from seismic signals that are more varied and smaller in magnitude, reaching beyond traditional techniques. In tandem with continued research on fundamental physics-based understanding of volcano-seismic sources, new advances in computational analyses including machine learning methods will push our understanding of volcanic processes into the future. Incorporation of multidisciplinary geophysical observations (especially infrasound) has become commonplace, and our understanding of infrasound propagation and sources will feed back into our ability to monitor ongoing eruptions and surficial mass movements. Open-source codes will permit widespread evaluation and adoption of new methodologies for volcano-seismic analysis and inversion. Combined with quantitative and conceptual source models using improved structural constraints, these new methodologies will better characterize the range of volcano-seismic signal evolution scenarios and hold promise for creating better short-term forecasts. Finally, permanent instrumentation is available on an expanding range of volcanoes, and open data policies are increasingly making these data available to the scientific community in near real time.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00445-022-01530-2","usgsCitation":"Thelen, W., Matoza, R., and Hotovec-Ellis, A.J., 2022, Trends in volcano seismology: 2010 to 2020 and beyond: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 84, 26, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-022-01530-2.","productDescription":"26, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-133090","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467200,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/94s4g2sc","text":"External Repository"},{"id":419345,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"84","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-02-12","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thelen, Weston 0000-0003-2534-5577","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2534-5577","contributorId":215530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thelen","given":"Weston","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":879113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Matoza, Robin","contributorId":268788,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Matoza","given":"Robin","affiliations":[{"id":7168,"text":"UCSB","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":879114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hotovec-Ellis, Alicia J. 0000-0003-1917-0205","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1917-0205","contributorId":211785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hotovec-Ellis","given":"Alicia","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":879115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70228617,"text":"70228617 - 2022 - Parcel-level risk affects wildfire outcomes: Insights from pre-fire rapid assessment data for homes destroyed in 2020 East Troublesome Fire","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-15T13:18:51.978013","indexId":"70228617","displayToPublicDate":"2022-02-12T07:15:00","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5678,"text":"Fire","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Parcel-level risk affects wildfire outcomes: Insights from pre-fire rapid assessment data for homes destroyed in 2020 East Troublesome Fire","docAbstract":"
Parcel-level risk (PLR) describes how wildfire risk varies from home to home based on characteristics that relate to likely fire behavior, the susceptibility of homes to fire, and the ability of firefighters to safely access properties. Here, we describe the WiRē Rapid Assessment (RA), a parcel-level rapid wildfire risk assessment tool designed to evaluate PLR with a small set of measures for all homes in a community. We investigate the relationship between 2019 WiRē RA data collected in the Columbine Lake community in Grand County, Colorado, and whether assessed homes were destroyed in the 2020 East Troublesome Fire. We find that the overall parcel-level risk scores, as well as many individual attributes, relate to the chance that a home was destroyed. We also find strong evidence of risk spillovers across neighboring properties. The results demonstrate that even coarsely measured RA data capture meaningful differences in wildfire risk across a community. The findings also demonstrate the importance of accounting for multiple aspects of PLR, including both hazards and susceptibility, when assessing the risk of wildfire to homes and communities. Finally, the results underscore that relatively small actions by residents before a fire can influence wildfire outcomes.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/fire5010024","usgsCitation":"Meldrum, J., Barth, C.M., Goolsby, J.B., Olson, S.K., Gosey, A.C., White, J., Brenkert-Smith, H., Champ, P.A., and Gomez, J., 2022, Parcel-level risk affects wildfire outcomes: Insights from pre-fire rapid assessment data for homes destroyed in 2020 East Troublesome Fire: Fire, v. 5, no. 1, 24, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/fire5010024.","productDescription":"24, 21 p.","ipdsId":"IP-132680","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":448816,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fire5010024","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":395972,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Columbine Lake, Grand Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.94940185546875,\n 40.14633904771964\n ],\n [\n -105.743408203125,\n 40.14633904771964\n ],\n [\n -105.743408203125,\n 40.34131069983192\n ],\n [\n -105.94940185546875,\n 40.34131069983192\n ],\n [\n -105.94940185546875,\n 40.14633904771964\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"5","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-02-12","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meldrum, James R. 0000-0001-5250-3759 jmeldrum@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5250-3759","contributorId":195484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meldrum","given":"James","email":"jmeldrum@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":834837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barth, Christopher M.","contributorId":195487,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barth","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":834838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goolsby, Julia B. 0000-0002-2229-5685","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2229-5685","contributorId":269631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goolsby","given":"Julia","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":834839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Olson, Schelly K.","contributorId":278599,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Olson","given":"Schelly","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":57242,"text":"Grand County Wildfire Council / Grand Fire Protection District No. 1","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gosey, Adam C.","contributorId":278600,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gosey","given":"Adam","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":57242,"text":"Grand County Wildfire Council / Grand Fire Protection District No. 1","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"White, James (Brad)","contributorId":278601,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"White","given":"James (Brad)","affiliations":[{"id":57242,"text":"Grand County Wildfire Council / Grand Fire Protection District No. 1","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Brenkert-Smith, Hannah 0000-0001-6117-8863","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6117-8863","contributorId":195485,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brenkert-Smith","given":"Hannah","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":834843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Champ, Patricia A.","contributorId":195486,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Champ","given":"Patricia","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":834844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Gomez, Jamie","contributorId":218078,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gomez","given":"Jamie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38125,"text":"West Region Wildfire Council","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70228460,"text":"70228460 - 2022 - Novel genome characteristics contribute to the invasiveness of Phragmites australis (common reed)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-09-16T15:42:17.952338","indexId":"70228460","displayToPublicDate":"2022-02-11T10:46:20","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2774,"text":"Molecular Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Novel genome characteristics contribute to the invasiveness of Phragmites australis (common reed)","title":"Novel genome characteristics contribute to the invasiveness of Phragmites australis (common reed)","docAbstract":"

The rapid invasion of the non-native Phragmites australis (Poaceae, subfamily Arundinoideae) is a major threat to native wetland ecosystems in North America and elsewhere. We describe the first reference genome for P. australis and compare invasive (ssp. australis) and native (ssp. americanus) genotypes collected from replicated populations across the Laurentian Great Lakes to deduce genomic bases driving its invasive success. Here, we report novel genomic features including a Phragmites lineage-specific whole genome duplication, followed by gene loss and preferential retention of genes associated with transcription factors and regulatory functions in the remaining duplicates. Comparative transcriptomic analyses revealed that genes associated with biotic stress and defence responses were expressed at a higher basal level in invasive genotypes, but native genotypes showed a stronger induction of defence responses when challenged by a fungal endophyte. The reference genome and transcriptomes, combined with previous ecological and environmental data, add to our understanding of mechanisms leading to invasiveness and support the development of novel, genomics-assisted management approaches for invasive Phragmites.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/mec.16293","usgsCitation":"Oh, D., Kowalski, K., Quach, Q., Wijesinghege, C., Tanford, P., Dassanayake, M., and Clay, K., 2022, Novel genome characteristics contribute to the invasiveness of Phragmites australis (common reed): Molecular Ecology, v. 31, no. 4, p. 1142-1159, https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.16293.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"1142","endPage":"1159","ipdsId":"IP-127622","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":448820,"rank":3,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.16293","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435972,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9NLU6Q4","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Reference genome for Phragmites australis (Poaceae, subfamily Arundinoideae) and comparison of North American invasive genotype (ssp. australis) and native (ssp. americanus)"},{"id":395850,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan, Ohio","otherGeospatial":"Great Lakes, Ottawa National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.5345458984375,\n 41.372686481864655\n ],\n [\n -82.9742431640625,\n 41.372686481864655\n ],\n [\n -82.9742431640625,\n 41.713930073371294\n ],\n [\n -83.5345458984375,\n 41.713930073371294\n ],\n [\n -83.5345458984375,\n 41.372686481864655\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.3258056640625,\n 43.09697190802465\n ],\n [\n -82.628173828125,\n 43.09697190802465\n ],\n [\n -82.628173828125,\n 43.54456658436357\n ],\n [\n -83.3258056640625,\n 43.54456658436357\n ],\n [\n -83.3258056640625,\n 43.09697190802465\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -84.473876953125,\n 41.934976500546604\n ],\n [\n -83.6993408203125,\n 41.934976500546604\n ],\n [\n -83.6993408203125,\n 42.48830197960227\n ],\n [\n -84.473876953125,\n 42.48830197960227\n ],\n [\n -84.473876953125,\n 41.934976500546604\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"31","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-12-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Oh, Dong-Ha","contributorId":275839,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oh","given":"Dong-Ha","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":5115,"text":"Louisiana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kowalski, Kurt P. 0000-0002-8424-4701 kkowalski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8424-4701","contributorId":3768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kowalski","given":"Kurt P.","email":"kkowalski@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":834354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Quach, Quynh","contributorId":275841,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Quach","given":"Quynh","affiliations":[{"id":13500,"text":"Tulane University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wijesinghege, Chathura","contributorId":275843,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wijesinghege","given":"Chathura","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":5115,"text":"Louisiana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tanford, Philippa","contributorId":275845,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tanford","given":"Philippa","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13500,"text":"Tulane University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dassanayake, Maheshi","contributorId":275847,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dassanayake","given":"Maheshi","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":5115,"text":"Louisiana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Clay, Keith","contributorId":140472,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clay","given":"Keith","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12645,"text":"Indiana University - Northwest","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70228474,"text":"70228474 - 2022 - Epidemiological differences between sexes affect management efficacy in simulated chronic wasting disease systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-11T16:55:29.843688","indexId":"70228474","displayToPublicDate":"2022-02-11T10:42:35","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2163,"text":"Journal of Applied Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Epidemiological differences between sexes affect management efficacy in simulated chronic wasting disease systems","docAbstract":"
  1. Sex-based differences in physiology, behaviour and demography commonly result in differences in disease prevalence. However, sex differences in prevalence may reflect exposure rather than transmission, which could affect disease control programmes. One potential example is chronic wasting disease (CWD), which has been observed at greater prevalence among male than female deer.
  2. We used an age- and sex-structured simulation model to explore harvest-based management of CWD under three different transmission scenarios that all generate higher male prevalence: (1) increased male susceptibility, (2) high male-to-male transmission or (3) high female-to-male transmission.
  3. Both female and male harvests were required to limit CWD epidemics across all transmission scenarios (approximated by R0), though invasion was more likely under high female-to-male transmission.
  4. In simulations, heavily male-biased harvests controlled CWD epidemics and maintained large host populations under high male-to-male transmission and increased male susceptibility scenarios. However, male-biased harvests were ineffective under high female-to-male transmission. Instead, female-biased harvests were able to limit disease transmission under high female-to-male transmission but incurred a trade-off with smaller population sizes.
  5. Synthesis and applications. Higher disease prevalence in a sex or age group may be due to higher exposure or susceptibility but does not necessarily indicate if that group is responsible for more disease transmission. We showed that multiple processes can result in the pattern of higher male prevalence, but that population-level management interventions must focus on the sex responsible for disease transmission, not just those that are most exposed.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/1365-2664.14125","usgsCitation":"Rogers, W.J., Brandell, E.E., and Cross, P., 2022, Epidemiological differences between sexes affect management efficacy in simulated chronic wasting disease systems: Journal of Applied Ecology, v. 59, no. 4, p. 1122-1133, https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.14125.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1122","endPage":"1133","ipdsId":"IP-123579","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":448823,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.14125","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":395849,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"59","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-02-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"McCallum, Hamish","contributorId":174852,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCallum","given":"Hamish","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":834513,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Rogers, William J.","contributorId":173588,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rogers","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":834384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brandell, Ellen E.","contributorId":253140,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brandell","given":"Ellen","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":7260,"text":"Pennsylvania State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cross, Paul C. 0000-0001-8045-5213","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8045-5213","contributorId":204814,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cross","given":"Paul C.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":834386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70228487,"text":"70228487 - 2022 - Population structure, intergroup interaction, and human contact govern infectious disease impacts in mountain gorilla populations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-16T15:14:55.320322","indexId":"70228487","displayToPublicDate":"2022-02-11T10:16:40","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":731,"text":"American Journal of Primatology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Population structure, intergroup interaction, and human contact govern infectious disease impacts in mountain gorilla populations","docAbstract":"

Infectious zoonotic diseases are a threat to wildlife conservation and global health. They are especially a concern for wild apes, which are vulnerable to many human infectious diseases. As ecotourism, deforestation, and great ape field research increase, the threat of human-sourced infections to wild populations becomes more substantial and could result in devastating population declines. The endangered mountain gorillas (Gorilla beringei beringei) of the Virunga Massif in east-central Africa suffer periodic disease outbreaks and are exposed to infections from human-sourced pathogens. It is important to understand the possible risks of disease introduction and spread in this population and how human contact may facilitate disease transmission. Here we present and evaluate an individual-based, stochastic, discrete-time disease transmission model to predict epidemic outcomes and better understand health risks to the Virunga mountain gorilla population. To model disease transmission we have derived estimates for gorilla contact, interaction, and migration rates. The model shows that the social structure of gorilla populations plays a profound role in governing disease impacts with subdivided populations experiencing less than 25% of the outbreak levels of a single homogeneous population. It predicts that gorilla group dispersal and limited group interactions are strong factors in preventing widespread population-level outbreaks of infectious disease after such diseases have been introduced into the population. However, even a moderate amount of human contact increases disease spread and can lead to population-level outbreaks.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ajp.23350","usgsCitation":"Whittier, C.A., Nutter, F.B., Johnson, P.L., Cross, P., Lloyd-Smith, J., Slenning, B.D., and Stoskopf, M.K., 2022, Population structure, intergroup interaction, and human contact govern infectious disease impacts in mountain gorilla populations: American Journal of Primatology, v. 84, no. 4-5, e23350, https://doi.org/10.1002/ajp.23350.","productDescription":"e23350","ipdsId":"IP-127784","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":395847,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Uganda","otherGeospatial":"Virunga Massif","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 29.344482421875,\n -1.9881263049374718\n ],\n [\n 29.344482421875,\n -2.05949288957668\n ],\n [\n 29.476318359375004,\n -2.070472083193089\n ],\n [\n 29.652099609375,\n -1.9881263049374718\n ],\n [\n 29.756469726562496,\n -1.6312493057881732\n ],\n [\n 29.838867187500004,\n -1.4610232806227417\n ],\n [\n 30.036621093749996,\n -1.2413579498795597\n ],\n [\n 29.9761962890625,\n -1.0491357039128182\n ],\n [\n 29.822387695312496,\n -0.8953492997435784\n ],\n [\n 29.652099609375,\n -0.7909904981540058\n ],\n [\n 29.7344970703125,\n -0.6426867176331666\n ],\n [\n 29.8828125,\n -0.6646579437921112\n ],\n [\n 29.94873046875,\n -0.5932511181408705\n ],\n [\n 30.113525390625,\n -0.23620538561262966\n ],\n [\n 30.2288818359375,\n -0.21423289925022543\n ],\n [\n 30.333251953124996,\n 0\n ],\n [\n 30.3387451171875,\n 0.23071226715249907\n ],\n [\n 30.173950195312504,\n 0.2966295342722323\n ],\n [\n 30.201416015625004,\n 0.45592780548689615\n ],\n [\n 30.316772460937496,\n 0.7250783020332547\n ],\n [\n 30.421142578125,\n 0.8239462091017685\n ],\n [\n 30.5694580078125,\n 0.9228116626857066\n ],\n [\n 30.5694580078125,\n 1.016182073033441\n ],\n [\n 30.454101562499996,\n 1.2248822742251262\n ],\n [\n 30.245361328125,\n 1.2413579498795726\n ],\n [\n 30.0860595703125,\n 0.9832281059656174\n ],\n [\n 29.871826171875,\n 1.043643455908483\n ],\n [\n 29.432373046874996,\n 0.6591651462894632\n ],\n [\n 29.3499755859375,\n 0.428462803418747\n ],\n [\n 29.344482421875,\n -0.07141111432402265\n ],\n [\n 29.190673828124996,\n -0.41198375451568836\n ],\n [\n 29.1192626953125,\n -0.8239462091017558\n ],\n [\n 29.20166015625,\n -1.1425024037061522\n ],\n [\n 28.992919921875004,\n -1.307259612275665\n ],\n [\n 28.992919921875004,\n -1.5763391859789206\n ],\n [\n 29.218139648437496,\n -1.6861579269987852\n ],\n [\n 29.262084960937504,\n -1.8728353512547717\n ],\n [\n 29.344482421875,\n -1.9881263049374718\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"84","issue":"4-5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-12-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Whittier, Christopher A. 0000-0001-9626-6513","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9626-6513","contributorId":275919,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whittier","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6936,"text":"Tufts University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nutter, Felicia B.","contributorId":8070,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nutter","given":"Felicia","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":6936,"text":"Tufts University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Philip L. F. 0000-0001-6087-7064","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6087-7064","contributorId":275920,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"L. F.","affiliations":[{"id":7083,"text":"University of Maryland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cross, Paul C. 0000-0001-8045-5213","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8045-5213","contributorId":204814,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cross","given":"Paul C.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":834413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lloyd-Smith, James O.","contributorId":31354,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lloyd-Smith","given":"James O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":834414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Slenning, Barrett D.","contributorId":275924,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Slenning","given":"Barrett","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":49830,"text":"North Carolina University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Stoskopf, Michael K.","contributorId":83817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stoskopf","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":834416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70232514,"text":"70232514 - 2022 - Variation in foraging patterns as reflected by floral resources used by male vs female bees of selected species at Badlands National Park, SD","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-06T14:51:56.176386","indexId":"70232514","displayToPublicDate":"2022-02-11T09:45:05","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5819,"text":"Arthropod-Plant Interactions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Variation in foraging patterns as reflected by floral resources used by male vs female bees of selected species at Badlands National Park, SD","docAbstract":"Female and male bees forage for different reasons: females provision nests with pollen appropriate for larval development and consume nectar for energy while males need only fuel their own energetic requirements. The expectation, therefore, is that females should visit fewer floral resource species than males, due to females’ focus on host plant species and their tie to the nest location. We used pollen collected from bees’ bodies and the flowers they were collected on to infer floral resource use in 2010-2012 at Badlands National Park, SD, USA. We collected bees on 24 1-ha plots centered on particular plant species. We compared number of floral species and families (1) associated with individual female and male bees (via generalized linear mixed models) and (2) accumulated by each sex (using rarefaction); and (3) effect of variation between sexes in plant-bee interactions via modularity analyses. Analyses were restricted to bee species with > 5 individuals per sex. Contrary to expectation, female and male bees differed infrequently in the number of floral resources they had visited, both on single foraging bouts and collectively when accumulated across all males and females of a species. When males and females did differ, males visited fewer floral species than females. Generalist and specialist bee species did not differ markedly in floral resource use by females and males. When separated by sex, seven of eleven species occupied different modules than they did when analyzed as a species; most of the bee species were connectors, thus important for stability of the network during perturbations.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11829-021-09881-x","usgsCitation":"Larson, D.L., Portman, Z.M., Larson, J., and Buhl, D.A., 2022, Variation in foraging patterns as reflected by floral resources used by male vs female bees of selected species at Badlands National Park, SD: Arthropod-Plant Interactions, v. 16, p. 145-157, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11829-021-09881-x.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"145","endPage":"157","ipdsId":"IP-133064","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":448825,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11829-021-09881-x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":403066,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Badlands National Park","volume":"16","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-02-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Larson, Diane L. 0000-0001-5202-0634 dlarson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5202-0634","contributorId":292764,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"Diane","email":"dlarson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":845742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Portman, Zachary M.","contributorId":264397,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Portman","given":"Zachary","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":54455,"text":"Dept. of Entomology, University of Minnesota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":845743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Larson, Jennifer 0000-0002-6259-0101","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6259-0101","contributorId":216120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"Jennifer","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":845744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Buhl, Deborah A. 0000-0002-8563-5990 dbuhl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8563-5990","contributorId":146226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buhl","given":"Deborah","email":"dbuhl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":845745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70229137,"text":"70229137 - 2022 - Impact of fluid-rock interaction on strength and hydraulic transmissivity rvolution in shear fractures under hydrothermal conditions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-02T12:03:43.295177","indexId":"70229137","displayToPublicDate":"2022-02-11T08:21:07","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Impact of fluid-rock interaction on strength and hydraulic transmissivity rvolution in shear fractures under hydrothermal conditions","docAbstract":"

Reactivated shear fractures contribute to the creation of pervasive fracture networks in geothermal systems. The creation, reactivation, and sustainability of fracture networks depend on complex coupling among thermal, hydraulic, mechanical, and chemical (THMC) processes. However, most laboratory experiments focus either solely on how fluid transport properties evolve in stationary fractures at elevated temperatures or on how strength evolves in shear faults at room temperature. Studies that examine the combined evolution of these properties, especially under hydrothermal conditions, are limited. Laboratory restrengthening tests, referred to as slide-hold-slide (SHS), measure the difference between the steady sliding strength and the peak shear strength immediately following a hold period at constant stress or displacement. We present the results of five SHS experiments on Westerly granite bare surfaces. These experiments are combined with in-plane flow tests and conducted at an effective confining pressure of 20 MPa and temperatures of 23 and 200˚C. Consistent with previous studies, we observe a greater reduction in fluid transmissivity at 200˚C than at 23˚C and, generally, strength increasing with log(hold duration). However, there are deviations from the expected frictional healing behavior that likely relate to mineralogy and pore fluid chemical equilibrium. For example, under no-flow conditions where fluid is allowed to equilibrate with the rock, restrengthening rate of coefficient of friction is initially 0.02 per decade change in hold time (decade-1) for holds ≤ 5x104 s. Contrary to expected behavior, time-dependent reduction in frictional healing occurs at a rate of -0.03 decade-1 for holds longer than 5x104 s. For flow-through tests in which undersaturated fluid is continuously introduced to the fault surface, this reduction begins earlier, starting at 5x103 s, but at the same rate of -0.03 decade-1. The earlier onset of reduction in frictional healing under the continuous flow conditions suggests that the process underlying the behavior is related to chemical equilibrium. The mechanisms behind the complex healing behavior are not fully understood but it is apparent that fault zone restrengthening under hydrothermal conditions is the result of multiple interacting processes.

","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings, 47th workshop on geothermal reservoir engineering","conferenceTitle":"47th Workshop on Geothermal Reservoir Engineering","conferenceDate":"February 7-9, 2022","conferenceLocation":"Stanford, CA","language":"English","publisher":"Stanford University","usgsCitation":"Jeppson, T.N., and Lockner, D., 2022, Impact of fluid-rock interaction on strength and hydraulic transmissivity rvolution in shear fractures under hydrothermal conditions, in Proceedings, 47th workshop on geothermal reservoir engineering, Stanford, CA, February 7-9, 2022, SGP-TR-223, 10 p.","productDescription":"SGP-TR-223, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-136599","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":396597,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":396584,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pangea.stanford.edu/ERE/db/GeoConf/papers/SGW/2022/Jeppson.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jeppson, Tamara Nicole 0000-0001-5526-5530","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5526-5530","contributorId":248768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jeppson","given":"Tamara","email":"","middleInitial":"Nicole","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":836729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lockner, David A. 0000-0001-8630-6833","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8630-6833","contributorId":261920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lockner","given":"David A.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":836730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70232359,"text":"70232359 - 2022 - Stable isotopes provide insight into sources and cycling of N compounds in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, California, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-29T12:17:10.512083","indexId":"70232359","displayToPublicDate":"2022-02-11T07:13:54","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stable isotopes provide insight into sources and cycling of N compounds in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, California, USA","docAbstract":"

River deltas and their diverse array of aquatic environments are increasingly impacted by anthropogenic inputs of nitrogen (N). These inputs can alter the N biogeochemistry of these systems and promote undesirable phenomena including harmful algae blooms and invasive aquatic macrophytes. To examine N sources and biogeochemical processes in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, a river delta located in central California, USA, that is fed primarily by the Sacramento River, we utilized a multi-tracer approach that measured N species concentrations and stable isotope values monthly from April 2011 to November 2012 in samples collected from the channelized mainstem of the Sacramento River, two channelized distributaries of the Sacramento River, and the Cache Slough Complex, a network of Sacramento River tributaries and shallow water wetland habitat. We found that the Sacramento River and its channelized distributaries received N primarily in the form of NH4+ from treated wastewater effluent and that NH4+ was lost rapidly while NO3− was gained more slowly during subsequent downstream transit, driven by an array of biogeochemical processes whose identities could be constrained via examination of stable isotope values. The Cache Slough Complex, which was characterized by lower net flows and higher water residence times than the Sacramento River and its distributaries, received variable inputs of low conductivity water elevated in NH4+ from the Sacramento River and higher conductivity water elevated in NO3− from landward tributaries. Deviations from expected conservative mixing of these sources were spatially variable but broadly indicative of local inputs of treated wastewater effluent NO3−, conversion of Sacramento River NH4+ to NO3− via nitrification, uptake of NH4+ and NO3− by phytoplankton, and remineralization of organic N. These findings highlight both the diversity in N dynamics in anthropogenically impacted river delta environments and the utility of a multi-tracer approach in constraining these processes in such complex systems.


","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151592","usgsCitation":"Fackrell, J.K., Kraus, T.E., Young, M.B., Kendall, C., and Peek, S., 2022, Stable isotopes provide insight into sources and cycling of N compounds in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, California, USA: Science of the Total Environment, v. 816, 151592, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151592.","productDescription":"151592, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-129598","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":402669,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.8988037109375,\n 37.75768707689704\n ],\n [\n -120.75622558593749,\n 37.75768707689704\n ],\n [\n -120.75622558593749,\n 38.997841307500714\n ],\n [\n -121.8988037109375,\n 38.997841307500714\n ],\n [\n -121.8988037109375,\n 37.75768707689704\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"816","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fackrell, Joseph K. 0000-0001-8148-3734","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8148-3734","contributorId":225515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fackrell","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":845339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kraus, Tamara E. C. 0000-0002-5187-8644 tkraus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5187-8644","contributorId":147560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kraus","given":"Tamara","email":"tkraus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E. C.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":845340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Young, Megan B. 0000-0002-0229-4108 mbyoung@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0229-4108","contributorId":3315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"Megan","email":"mbyoung@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":845341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kendall, Carol 0000-0002-0247-3405 ckendall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0247-3405","contributorId":1462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"Carol","email":"ckendall@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":845342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Peek, Sara 0000-0002-9770-6557","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9770-6557","contributorId":209971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peek","given":"Sara","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":845343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70229413,"text":"70229413 - 2022 - Diverse native island flora shows rapid initial passive recovery after exotic herbivore removal on Santa Rosa Island, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-24T16:56:01.075632","indexId":"70229413","displayToPublicDate":"2022-02-11T06:04:10","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1018,"text":"Biological Invasions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Diverse native island flora shows rapid initial passive recovery after exotic herbivore removal on Santa Rosa Island, California","docAbstract":"

Removing exotic vertebrates from islands is an increasingly common and potentially effective strategy for protecting biodiversity. Yet, surprisingly few studies evaluate large-scale effects of island removals on native plants. We surveyed 431 hectares of habitat in 7 canyons on Santa Rosa Island just after exotic herbivore control began (1994–1996), and again after two herbivore species had been eradicated and ~ 90% of herbivores removed (2010–2012). We searched for 68 endemic and/or rare native plant taxa, mapping and recording abundances for the 39 found. Initially most of these 39 species were absent from most canyons (79.9% species-canyon combinations). Nearly 35% of absences changed to presences by 2010–2012, while only 5.5% of presences changed to absences. Thirty-six of these 39 species increased in total area, and 38 increased in total abundance. Graminoids increased more and shrubs less than other life histories, for both apparent colonizations and abundances. Beta diversity and species turnover between canyons was high at both surveys. Although a diversity of the 39 located taxa showed substantial gains, nearly half remained uncommon in 2010–2012. These results reinforce the devastating effects of exotic vertebrate herbivores on island native plants, particularly long-lived, slow-growing species. They also demonstrate significant potential benefits of exotic herbivore removal even without other active restoration, not only for vegetative cover but for a number of rare taxa. Our surveys were more spatially extensive than most post-removal studies; high spatial turnover in these data suggests that larger-scale monitoring may be critical to capture full effects of exotic animal removal.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10530-022-02735-4","usgsCitation":"Thomson, D.M., McEachern, K., Schultz, E., Niessen, K.G., Wilken, D., Chess, K.A., Cole, L.F., Oliver, R.Y., Phillips, J.D., and Tucker, A., 2022, Diverse native island flora shows rapid initial passive recovery after exotic herbivore removal on Santa Rosa Island, California: Biological Invasions, v. 24, p. 2635-1649, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-022-02735-4.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"2635","endPage":"1649","ipdsId":"IP-121892","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":396772,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Santa Rosa Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.48431396484375,\n 33.779147331286474\n ],\n [\n -119.77294921874999,\n 33.779147331286474\n ],\n [\n -119.77294921874999,\n 34.14136162745489\n ],\n [\n -120.48431396484375,\n 34.14136162745489\n ],\n [\n -120.48431396484375,\n 33.779147331286474\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"24","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-02-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thomson, Diane M","contributorId":288076,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thomson","given":"Diane","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":61702,"text":"W.M. Keck Science Department, The Claremont Colleges, 925 N. Mills Avenue, Claremont, CA, 91711, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McEachern, Kathryn 0000-0003-2631-8247 kathryn_mceachern@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2631-8247","contributorId":146324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McEachern","given":"Kathryn","email":"kathryn_mceachern@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":837327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schultz, Emily L","contributorId":288077,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schultz","given":"Emily L","affiliations":[{"id":61702,"text":"W.M. Keck Science Department, The Claremont Colleges, 925 N. Mills Avenue, Claremont, CA, 91711, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Niessen, Kenneth G.","contributorId":215509,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Niessen","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wilken, Dieter","contributorId":288078,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilken","given":"Dieter","affiliations":[{"id":61704,"text":"Santa Barbara Botanic Garden, 1212 Mission Canyon Rd, Santa Barbara, CA, 93105, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Chess, Katherine A.","contributorId":215508,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chess","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":7134,"text":"USFS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Cole, Lauren F","contributorId":288079,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cole","given":"Lauren","email":"","middleInitial":"F","affiliations":[{"id":61702,"text":"W.M. Keck Science Department, The Claremont Colleges, 925 N. Mills Avenue, Claremont, CA, 91711, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Oliver, Ruth Y","contributorId":243448,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oliver","given":"Ruth","email":"","middleInitial":"Y","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":837333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Phillips, Jennifer D","contributorId":288080,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Phillips","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"D","affiliations":[{"id":61702,"text":"W.M. Keck Science Department, The Claremont Colleges, 925 N. Mills Avenue, Claremont, CA, 91711, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Tucker, Acadia","contributorId":288081,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tucker","given":"Acadia","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":61702,"text":"W.M. Keck Science Department, The Claremont Colleges, 925 N. Mills Avenue, Claremont, CA, 91711, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70228383,"text":"ofr20221003 - 2022 - Annotated bibliography of scientific research on pygmy rabbits published from 1990 to 2020","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-11T12:04:51.904289","indexId":"ofr20221003","displayToPublicDate":"2022-02-10T15:10:00","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2022-1003","displayTitle":"Annotated Bibliography of Scientific Research on Pygmy Rabbits Published from 1990 to 2020","title":"Annotated bibliography of scientific research on pygmy rabbits published from 1990 to 2020","docAbstract":"

Integrating recent scientific knowledge into management decisions supports effective natural resource management and can lead to better resource outcomes. However, finding and accessing scientific knowledge can be time consuming and costly. To assist in this process, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is creating a series of annotated bibliographies on topics of management concern for western lands. Previously published reports introduced a methodology for preparing annotated bibliographies to facilitate the integration of recent, peer-reviewed science into resource management decisions. Therefore, relevant text from those efforts is reproduced here to frame the presentation. Sagebrush ecosystems throughout North America face management challenges including habitat loss and fragmentation. Brachylagus idahoensis (pygmy rabbits) are a sagebrush-obligate species that has experienced population declines and range contraction in recent decades. A disjunct population of pygmy rabbits in the Columbia Basin in Washington was listed as federally endangered in 2003. Due to their specialized habitat requirements and low dispersal ability, pygmy rabbits are a high priority for managers throughout their range. We compiled and summarized peer-reviewed journal articles, data products, and formal technical reports (such as U.S. Forest Service General Technical Reports and U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Reports) on pygmy rabbits published between January 1, 1990 and December 31, 2020. We first conducted a structured search of three reference databases and three government databases using the phrase “pygmy rabbit” or “Brachylagus idahoensis.” We refined the initial list of products by removing (1) duplicates, (2) products not written in English, (3) publications that were not focused on North America, (4) publications that were not published as research, data products, or scientific review articles in peer-reviewed journals or as formal technical reports, and (5) products for which pygmy rabbits were not a research focus or for which the study did not present new data or findings about pygmy rabbits. We summarized each product using a consistent structure (background, objectives, methods, location, findings, and implications) and identified the management topics (for example, captive breeding, habitat characteristics, and population estimates) addressed by each product. We also noted which publications included new publicly available geospatial data. The review process for this annotated bibliography included an initial internal colleague review of each summary, requesting input on each summary from an author of the original publication, and a formal peer review. Our initial searches resulted in 2,285 total products, of which 105 met our criteria for inclusion. Sensitive/rare wildlife, behavior or demographics, site-scale habitat characteristics, habitat selection, and effects distances or spatial scale were the management topics most commonly addressed. The online version of this bibliography, Science for Resource Managers, will be searchable by topic, location, and year; it will include links to each original publication, where available. The studies compiled and summarized here may inform planning and management actions that seek to maintain and restore sagebrush landscapes and associated native species across the western United States.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20221003","usgsCitation":"Kleist, N.J., Willems, J.S., Bencin, H.L., Foster, A.C., McCall, L.E., Meineke, J.K., Poor, E.E., and Carter, S.K., 2022, Annotated bibliography of scientific research on pygmy rabbits published from 1990 to 2020: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2022–1003, 75 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20221003.","productDescription":"viii, 75 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-127323","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":395704,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2022/1003/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":395705,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2022/1003/ofr20221003.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.24 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2022-1003"}],"contact":"

Director, Fort Collins Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2150 Centre Ave., Bldg. C
Fort Collins, CO 80526-8118

","tableOfContents":"","publishedDate":"2022-02-10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-02-10","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kleist, Nathan J. 0000-0002-2468-4318","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2468-4318","contributorId":260598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kleist","given":"Nathan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":834066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Willems, Joshua S. 0000-0002-4033-4182","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4033-4182","contributorId":275416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willems","given":"Joshua","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":834067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bencin, Heidi L. 0000-0002-0879-5392","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0879-5392","contributorId":222412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bencin","given":"Heidi","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":834068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Foster, Alison C. 0000-0002-6659-2120","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6659-2120","contributorId":260599,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"Alison","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":834069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McCall, Laine E. 0000-0003-2624-8453","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2624-8453","contributorId":275417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCall","given":"Laine","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":834070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Meineke, Jennifer K. 0000-0002-7136-5854","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7136-5854","contributorId":275418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meineke","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":834071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Poor, Erin E. 0000-0002-8799-3193","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8799-3193","contributorId":260597,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Poor","given":"Erin","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":7083,"text":"University of Maryland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Carter, Sarah K. 0000-0003-3778-8615","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3778-8615","contributorId":192418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":834073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70228450,"text":"fs20223004 - 2022 - Colorado and Landsat","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-21T15:53:55.313826","indexId":"fs20223004","displayToPublicDate":"2022-02-10T15:07:20","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2022-3004","displayTitle":"Colorado and Landsat","title":"Colorado and Landsat","docAbstract":"

Colorado’s geography seems designed to impress. Although the Rocky Mountains takes up only one-half of the State, more than 50 of its peaks rise at least 14,000 feet above sea level—far more “fourteeners” than any other State. Many of these mountains receive hundreds of inches of snow annually. The Rocky Mountains provide the Continental Divide, or watershed boundary, for North America. Three of the United States’ seven longest rivers originate in Colorado’s mountains: the Rio Grande, the Colorado, and the Arkansas Rivers. The mountains are also home to 11 national forests. Residents and tourists find many ways to appreciate the stunning views, from hiking and skiing to camping and birdwatching, in ecosystems that also include grasslands and shrublands.

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U.S. Geological Survey
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