The Colorado River delta is a dramatically transformed landscape. Major changes to river hydrology and morpho-dynamics began following completion of Hoover Dam in 1936. Today, the Colorado River has an intermittent and/or ephemeral channel in much of its former delta. Initial incision of the river channel in the upstream ∼50 km of the delta occurred in the early 1940s in response to spillway releases from Hoover Dam under conditions of drastically reduced sediment supply. A period of relative quiescence followed, until the filling of upstream reservoirs precipitated a resurgence of flows to the delta in the 1980s and 1990s. Flow releases during extreme upper basin snowmelt in the 1980s, flood flows from the Gila River basin in 1993, and a series of ever-decreasing peak flows in the late 1990s and early 2000s further incised the upstream channel and caused considerable channel migration throughout the river corridor. These variable magnitude post-dam floods shaped the modern river geomorphology. In 2014, an experimental pulse-flow release aimed at rejuvenating the riparian ecosystem and understanding hydrologic dynamics flowed more than 100 km through the length of the delta’s river corridor. This small artificial flood caused localized meter-scale scour and fill of the streambed, but did not cause further incision or significant bank erosion because of its small magnitude. Suspended-sand-transport rates were initially relatively high immediately downstream from the Morelos Dam release point, but decreasing discharge from infiltration losses combined with channel widening downstream caused a rapid downstream reduction in suspended-sand-transport rates. A zone of enhanced transport occurred downstream from the southern U.S.-Mexico border where gradient increased, but effectively no geomorphic change occurred beyond a point 65 km downstream from Morelos Dam. Thus, while the pulse flow connected with the modern estuary, deltaic sedimentary processes were not restored, and relatively few new open surfaces were created for establishment of native riparian vegetation. Because water in the Colorado River basin is completely allocated, exceptional floods from the Gila River basin are the most likely mechanism for major changes to delta geomorphology for the foreseeable future.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2016.08.009","usgsCitation":"Mueller, E.R., Schmidt, J.C., Topping, D.J., Shafroth, P.B., Rodriguez-Burgueno, J.E., Ramírez-Hernández, J., and Grams, P.E., 2017, Geomorphic change and sediment transport during a small artificial flood in a transformed post-dam delta: The Colorado River delta, United States and Mexico: Ecological Engineering, v. 106, no. B, p. 757-775, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2016.08.009.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"757","endPage":"775","ipdsId":"IP-075096","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470226,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2016.08.009","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":328691,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico, United States","otherGeospatial":"Colorado River Delta","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.52099609375,\n 31.330178972184655\n ],\n [\n -116.52099609375,\n 33.87497640410958\n ],\n [\n -113.9117431640625,\n 33.87497640410958\n ],\n [\n -113.9117431640625,\n 31.330178972184655\n ],\n [\n -116.52099609375,\n 31.330178972184655\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"106","issue":"B","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7c63fe4b0bc0bec09c8a5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mueller, Erich R. 0000-0001-8202-154X emueller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8202-154X","contributorId":4930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mueller","given":"Erich","email":"emueller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":648884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmidt, John C. 0000-0002-2988-3869 jcschmidt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2988-3869","contributorId":1983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"John","email":"jcschmidt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":648885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Topping, David J. 0000-0002-2104-4577 dtopping@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2104-4577","contributorId":715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Topping","given":"David","email":"dtopping@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":648886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shafroth, Patrick B. 0000-0002-6064-871X shafrothp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6064-871X","contributorId":2000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shafroth","given":"Patrick","email":"shafrothp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":648887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rodriguez-Burgueno, Jesus Eliana","contributorId":174651,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rodriguez-Burgueno","given":"Jesus","email":"","middleInitial":"Eliana","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":648888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ramírez-Hernández, Jorge","contributorId":24264,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramírez-Hernández","given":"Jorge","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":648889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Grams, Paul E. 0000-0002-0873-0708 pgrams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0873-0708","contributorId":1830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grams","given":"Paul","email":"pgrams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":648890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70176437,"text":"70176437 - 2017 - Custom map projections for regional groundwater models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-22T15:07:24","indexId":"70176437","displayToPublicDate":"2016-09-14T12:30:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Custom map projections for regional groundwater models","docAbstract":"For regional groundwater flow models (areas greater than 100,000 km2), improper choice of map projection parameters can result in model error for boundary conditions dependent on area (recharge or evapotranspiration simulated by application of a rate using cell area from model discretization) and length (rivers simulated with head-dependent flux boundary). Smaller model areas can use local map coordinates, such as State Plane (United States) or Universal Transverse Mercator (correct zone) without introducing large errors. Map projections vary in order to preserve one or more of the following properties: area, shape, distance (length), or direction. Numerous map projections are developed for different purposes as all four properties cannot be preserved simultaneously. Preservation of area and length are most critical for groundwater models. The Albers equal-area conic projection with custom standard parallels, selected by dividing the length north to south by 6 and selecting standard parallels 1/6th above or below the southern and northern extent, preserves both area and length for continental areas in mid latitudes oriented east-west. Custom map projection parameters can also minimize area and length error in non-ideal projections. Additionally, one must also use consistent vertical and horizontal datums for all geographic data. The generalized polygon for the Floridan aquifer system study area (306,247.59 km2) is used to provide quantitative examples of the effect of map projections on length and area with different projections and parameter choices. Use of improper map projection is one model construction problem easily avoided.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/gwat.12450","usgsCitation":"Kuniansky, E.L., 2017, Custom map projections for regional groundwater models: Groundwater, v. 55, no. 2, p. 255-260, https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12450.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"255","endPage":"260","ipdsId":"IP-071775","costCenters":[{"id":509,"text":"Office of the Associate Director for Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470228,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12450","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":328638,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"55","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-08-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57da66a2e4b090824ffb1646","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kuniansky, Eve L. 0000-0002-5581-0225 elkunian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5581-0225","contributorId":932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuniansky","given":"Eve","email":"elkunian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":5064,"text":"Southeast Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":509,"text":"Office of the Associate Director for Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":648761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70176270,"text":"70176270 - 2017 - No evidence of infection or exposure to Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenzas in peridomestic wildlife on an affected poultry facility","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-10T13:34:46","indexId":"70176270","displayToPublicDate":"2016-09-07T11:30:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"No evidence of infection or exposure to Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenzas in peridomestic wildlife on an affected poultry facility","docAbstract":"We evaluated the potential transmission of avian influenza viruses (AIV) in wildlife species in three settings in association with an outbreak at a poultry facility: 1) small birds and small mammals on a poultry facility that was affected with highly pathogenic AIV (HPAIV) in April 2015; 2) small birds and small mammals on a nearby poultry facility that was unaffected by HPAIV; and 3) small birds, small mammals, and waterfowl in a nearby natural area. We live-captured small birds and small mammals and collected samples from hunter-harvested waterfowl to test for active viral shedding and evidence of exposure (serum antibody) to AIV and the H5N2 HPAIV that affected the poultry facility. We detected no evidence of shedding or specific antibody to AIV in small mammals and small birds 5 mo after depopulation of the poultry. We detected viral shedding and exposure to AIV in waterfowl and estimated approximately 15% viral shedding and 60% antibody prevalence. In waterfowl, we did not detect shedding or exposure to the HPAIV that affected the poultry facility. We also conducted camera trapping around poultry carcass depopulation composting barns and found regular visitation by four species of medium-sized mammals. We provide preliminary data suggesting that peridomestic wildlife were not an important factor in the transmission of AIV during the poultry outbreak, nor did small birds and mammals in natural wetland settings show wide evidence of AIV shedding or exposure, despite the opportunity for exposure.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/2016-02-029","usgsCitation":"Grear, D.A., Dusek, R., Walsh, D.P., and Hall, J.S., 2017, No evidence of infection or exposure to Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenzas in peridomestic wildlife on an affected poultry facility: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 53, no. 1, p. 37-45, https://doi.org/10.7589/2016-02-029.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"37","endPage":"45","ipdsId":"IP-072195","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":461839,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7589/2016-02-029","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":328300,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"53","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57d12c21e4b0571647cec23b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grear, Daniel A. 0000-0002-5478-1549 dgrear@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5478-1549","contributorId":149047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grear","given":"Daniel","email":"dgrear@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5068,"text":"Midwest Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":648144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dusek, Robert J. 0000-0001-6177-7479 rdusek@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6177-7479","contributorId":140066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dusek","given":"Robert J.","email":"rdusek@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":648145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walsh, Daniel P. 0000-0002-7772-2445 dwalsh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7772-2445","contributorId":4758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walsh","given":"Daniel","email":"dwalsh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":648146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hall, Jeffrey S. 0000-0001-5599-2826 jshall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5599-2826","contributorId":2254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hall","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jshall@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":648147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70176277,"text":"70176277 - 2017 - Divergent life histories of invasive round gobies (Neogobius melanostomus) in Lake Michigan and its tributaries","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-11T13:02:41","indexId":"70176277","displayToPublicDate":"2016-09-07T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1471,"text":"Ecology of Freshwater Fish","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Divergent life histories of invasive round gobies (Neogobius melanostomus) in Lake Michigan and its tributaries","title":"Divergent life histories of invasive round gobies (Neogobius melanostomus) in Lake Michigan and its tributaries","docAbstract":"Round gobies (Neogobius melanostomus) have invaded benthic habitats of the Laurentian Great Lakes and connected tributary streams. Although connected, these two systems generally differ in temperature (Great Lakes are typically colder), food availability (Dreissenid mussels are more prevalent in Great Lakes), and system size and openness. Here, we compare round goby life histories from inshore Lake Michigan and adjacent tributary systems—an uncommon case study of life-history differences between connected systems. Tributary round gobies grew much faster (average length-at-age of 122.3 vs. 65.7 mm for Age 2 + round gobies), appeared to have shorter life spans (maximum observed age of 2 vs. 5) and had lower age-at-50% maturity (1.6 vs. 2.4 years; females only) compared to gobies from Lake Michigan. In addition, tributary gobies had greater fecundity at Ages 1–2 than lake gobies, but had fewer eggs for a given body size prior to the first spawning event of the summer. We were not able to determine the cause of the observed life-history differences. Nonetheless, the observed differences in growth, maturation and longevity were consistent with known effects of water temperature, as well as predictions of life-history theory for animals at invasion fronts exposed to novel environmental conditions. The high degree of phenotypic plasticity in connected populations of this invasive species has implications for our understanding of invasive species impacts in different habitats.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/eff.12300","usgsCitation":"Kornis, M., Weidel, B., and Vander Zanden, M.J., 2017, Divergent life histories of invasive round gobies (Neogobius melanostomus) in Lake Michigan and its tributaries: Ecology of Freshwater Fish, v. 26, no. 4, p. 563-574, https://doi.org/10.1111/eff.12300.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"563","endPage":"574","ipdsId":"IP-070641","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470234,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eff.12300","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":328298,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Lake Michigan","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.03643798828125,\n 45.09679146394738\n ],\n [\n -87.550048828125,\n 44.12308489306967\n ],\n [\n -88.15704345703124,\n 44.337600831495635\n ],\n [\n -87.66540527343749,\n 44.809121700077355\n ],\n [\n -87.23968505859375,\n 45.17235628126675\n ],\n [\n -87.03643798828125,\n 45.09679146394738\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"26","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-09-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57d12c1ee4b0571647cec218","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kornis, Matthew","contributorId":139655,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kornis","given":"Matthew","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":12865,"text":"Smithsonian Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":648173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Weidel, Brian 0000-0001-6095-2773 bweidel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6095-2773","contributorId":2485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weidel","given":"Brian","email":"bweidel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":648172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vander Zanden, M. Jake","contributorId":174392,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vander Zanden","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"Jake","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":648174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70204174,"text":"70204174 - 2017 - Stochastic programming with a joint chance constraint model for reservoir refill operation considering flood risk","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-10T11:41:58","indexId":"70204174","displayToPublicDate":"2016-09-06T11:34:13","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2501,"text":"Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stochastic programming with a joint chance constraint model for reservoir refill operation considering flood risk","docAbstract":"Reservoir refill operation modeling attempts to maximize a set of benefits while minimizing risks. The benefits and risks can be in opposition to each other, such as having enough water for hydropower generation while leaving enough room for flood protection. In addition to multiple objects, the uncertainty of streamflow can make decision making difficult. This paper develops a stochastic optimization model for reservoir refill operation with the objective of maximizing the expected synthesized energy production for a cascade system of hydropower stations while considering flood risk. Streamflow uncertainty is addressed by discretized streamflow scenarios and flood risk is controlled by a joint chance constraint restricting the occurrence probability. With the variability of flood risk level, two advancing refill scenarios for exploring operation benefit are presented. Scenario I loosens the current stagewise storage bounds conditions and allows advancing reservoir refills but keeps the flood risk level the same as the refill policies obtained under the current storage bounds. Scenario II keeps the current storage bounds unchanged but allows increases in flood risk level. The proposed methodology is applied to the Xiluodu cascade system of reservoirs in China and investigates the optimal refill policies obtained by both scenarios. Compared with the benchmark obtained under the current storage bounds and lowest flood risk level, the results show (1) the synthesized energy production can be improved by 2.13% without changing the flood risk level under Scenario I, and (2) the synthesized energy production can also be increased by 0.21% at the expense of increasing the flood risk level by 4.4% when Scenario II is employed. As Scenario I produces higher benefit and lower risk than Scenario II, it is recommended to loosen the current stagewise storage bounds but to keep the flood risk level unchanged during refill operations.","language":"English","publisher":"ASCE","doi":"10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0000715","usgsCitation":"Xu, B., Boyce, S.E., Zhang, Y., Liu, Q., Guo, L., and Zhong, P., 2017, Stochastic programming with a joint chance constraint model for reservoir refill operation considering flood risk: Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, v. 143, no. 1, 04016067; 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0000715.","productDescription":"04016067; 11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-099597","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":365461,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"China","otherGeospatial":"Xiluodu Cascade Reservoir","volume":"143","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Xu, Bin","contributorId":216867,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Xu","given":"Bin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":765914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boyce, Scott E. 0000-0003-0626-9492 seboyce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0626-9492","contributorId":4766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boyce","given":"Scott","email":"seboyce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":765913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zhang, Yu","contributorId":216868,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhang","given":"Yu","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":765915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Liu, Qiang","contributorId":216855,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liu","given":"Qiang","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39533,"text":"4.\tGraduate student, CHWR, Hohai University, NO.1, Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":765916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Guo, Le","contributorId":216856,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Guo","given":"Le","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39534,"text":"5.\tP.Eng., China Yangtze power Co., Ltd., Beijing,100032, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":765917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Zhong, Ping-An","contributorId":216857,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhong","given":"Ping-An","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39535,"text":"6.\tProfessor, College of Hydrology and Water Resources, National Engineering Research Center of Water Resources Efficient Utilization and","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":765918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70178065,"text":"70178065 - 2017 - Bait type influences on catch and bycatch in tandem hoop nets set in reservoirs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-10T09:07:00","indexId":"70178065","displayToPublicDate":"2016-08-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1661,"text":"Fisheries Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bait type influences on catch and bycatch in tandem hoop nets set in reservoirs","docAbstract":"Tandem hoop nets have become the primary gear for sampling channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus, but suffer from high incidences of bycatch, particularly aquatic turtles that usually drown as a result. We sought to determine if bait type, ZOTE© soap and ground cheese logs, would influence catch of channel catfish (CPUE and mean TL) and bycatch of fishes and aquatic turtles. We sampled with tandem hoop nets in 13 Kentucky reservoirs (5–73 ha) using a crossover design and two sampling events. We found no difference in channel catfish catch rates between bait types, but mean sizes of fish caught using ZOTE© soap were approximately 24 mm longer compared to cheese. Fish bycatch was similar between bait types, but tandem hoop nets baited with ZOTE© soap caught up to 61% fewer turtles and mortality of turtles that were captured was up to 12% lower than those baited with cheese. Depth of net set, water temperature, and Secchi depth were environmental factors measured that affected catch and bycatch, but varied among species. Using ZOTE© soap as bait in tandem hoop nets appears to be a fairly simple and straightforward method for maintaining high catch rates of channel catfish while minimizing turtle mortality.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.fishres.2016.08.014","usgsCitation":"Long, J.M., Stewart, D., Shiflet, J., Balsman, D., and Shoup, D.E., 2017, Bait type influences on catch and bycatch in tandem hoop nets set in reservoirs: Fisheries Research, v. 186, no. 1, p. 102-108, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2016.08.014.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"102","endPage":"108","ipdsId":"IP-062110","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":330641,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kentucky","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -84.35302734375,\n 39.036252959636606\n ],\n [\n -84.26513671875,\n 38.8824811975508\n ],\n [\n -84.122314453125,\n 38.788345355085625\n ],\n [\n -83.84765625,\n 38.7283759182398\n ],\n [\n -83.75976562499999,\n 38.69408504756833\n ],\n [\n -83.616943359375,\n 38.634036452919226\n ],\n [\n -83.529052734375,\n 38.70265930723801\n ],\n [\n -83.397216796875,\n 38.65119833229951\n ],\n [\n -83.22143554687499,\n 38.591113776147445\n ],\n [\n -83.133544921875,\n 38.634036452919226\n ],\n [\n -83.03466796874999,\n 38.70265930723801\n ],\n [\n -82.94677734375,\n 38.75408327579141\n ],\n [\n -83.001708984375,\n 38.46219172306828\n ],\n [\n -83.25439453125,\n 38.11727165830543\n ],\n [\n -83.836669921875,\n 37.84015683604136\n ],\n [\n -84.29809570312499,\n 37.55328764595765\n ],\n [\n -85.045166015625,\n 37.28279464911045\n ],\n [\n -85.616455078125,\n 37.15156050223665\n ],\n [\n -87.286376953125,\n 36.90597988519294\n ],\n [\n -87.60498046875,\n 36.923547681089296\n ],\n [\n -88.05541992187499,\n 37.13404537126446\n ],\n [\n -88.26416015625,\n 37.45741810262938\n ],\n [\n -88.077392578125,\n 37.51844023887861\n ],\n [\n -88.13232421875,\n 37.579412513438385\n ],\n [\n -88.06640625,\n 37.76202988573211\n ],\n [\n -87.890625,\n 37.779398571318765\n ],\n [\n -87.890625,\n 37.96152331396614\n ],\n [\n -87.6708984375,\n 37.95286091815649\n ],\n [\n -87.615966796875,\n 37.86618078529668\n ],\n [\n -87.56103515625,\n 37.94419750075404\n ],\n [\n -87.29736328125,\n 37.94419750075404\n ],\n [\n -87.198486328125,\n 37.88352498087131\n ],\n [\n -87.099609375,\n 37.83148014503288\n ],\n [\n -87.022705078125,\n 37.89219554724437\n ],\n [\n -86.923828125,\n 37.97018468810549\n ],\n [\n -86.81396484375,\n 38.013476231041935\n ],\n [\n -86.68212890625,\n 37.93553306183642\n ],\n [\n -86.583251953125,\n 37.94419750075404\n ],\n [\n -86.5283203125,\n 38.013476231041935\n ],\n [\n -86.407470703125,\n 38.12591462924157\n ],\n [\n -86.3525390625,\n 38.229550455326134\n ],\n [\n -86.253662109375,\n 38.19502155795575\n ],\n [\n -86.209716796875,\n 38.09133660751176\n ],\n [\n -86.06689453125,\n 38.039438891821746\n ],\n [\n -85.97900390625,\n 38.07404145941957\n ],\n [\n -85.88012695312499,\n 38.25543637637947\n ],\n [\n -85.78125,\n 38.35027253825765\n ],\n [\n -85.60546875,\n 38.41916639395372\n ],\n [\n -85.517578125,\n 38.50519140240356\n ],\n [\n -85.49560546875,\n 38.659777730712534\n ],\n [\n -85.40771484375,\n 38.75408327579141\n ],\n [\n -85.242919921875,\n 38.788345355085625\n ],\n [\n -85.067138671875,\n 38.762650338334154\n ],\n [\n -84.869384765625,\n 38.8225909761771\n ],\n [\n -84.83642578125,\n 38.92522904714054\n ],\n [\n -84.96826171874999,\n 39.104488809440475\n ],\n [\n -84.92431640625,\n 39.13006024213511\n ],\n [\n -84.74853515625,\n 39.21523130910491\n ],\n [\n -84.407958984375,\n 39.11301365149975\n ],\n [\n -84.35302734375,\n 39.036252959636606\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"186","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5819a9c0e4b0bb36a4c90ffd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Long, James M. 0000-0002-8658-9949 jmlong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8658-9949","contributorId":3453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"James","email":"jmlong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":652691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stewart, David R.","contributorId":141323,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stewart","given":"David R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shiflet, Jeremy","contributorId":176533,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shiflet","given":"Jeremy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Balsman, Dane","contributorId":176534,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Balsman","given":"Dane","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shoup, Daniel E.","contributorId":141325,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shoup","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70175442,"text":"70175442 - 2017 - Numerical modeling of simultaneous tracer release and piscicide treatment for invasive species control in the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal, Chicago, Illinois","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-22T15:09:30","indexId":"70175442","displayToPublicDate":"2016-08-11T15:45:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5169,"text":"Environmental Fluid Mechanics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Numerical modeling of simultaneous tracer release and piscicide treatment for invasive species control in the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal, Chicago, Illinois","docAbstract":"In December 2009, during a piscicide treatment targeting the invasive Asian carp in the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal, Rhodamine WT dye was released to track and document the transport and dispersion of the piscicide. In this study, two modeling approaches are presented to reproduce the advection and dispersion of the dye tracer (and piscicide), a one-dimensional analytical solution and a three-dimensional numerical model. The two approaches were compared with field measurements of concentration and their applicability is discussed. Acoustic Doppler current profiler measurements were used to estimate the longitudinal dispersion coefficients at ten cross sections, which were taken as reference for calibrating the longitudinal dispersion coefficient in the one-dimensional analytical solution. While the analytical solution is fast, relatively simple, and can fairly accurately predict the core of the observed concentration time series at points downstream, it does not capture the tail of the breakthrough curves. These tails are well reproduced by the three-dimensional model, because it accounts for the effects of dead zones and a power plant which withdraws nearly 80 % of the water from the canal for cooling purposes before returning it back to the canal.
","language":"English","publisher":"Kluwer Academic Publishers","doi":"10.1007/s10652-016-9464-1","usgsCitation":"Zhu, Z., Motta, D., Jackson, P., and Garcia, M., 2017, Numerical modeling of simultaneous tracer release and piscicide treatment for invasive species control in the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal, Chicago, Illinois: Environmental Fluid Mechanics, v. 17, no. 2, p. 211-229, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10652-016-9464-1.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"211","endPage":"229","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-072510","costCenters":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326409,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois","city":"Chicago","otherGeospatial":"Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.99636840820312,\n 41.65239288426814\n ],\n [\n -87.99636840820312,\n 42.11859868281563\n ],\n [\n -87.528076171875,\n 42.11859868281563\n ],\n [\n -87.528076171875,\n 41.65239288426814\n ],\n [\n -87.99636840820312,\n 41.65239288426814\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"17","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-06-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57ad93a1e4b0d18356765100","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhu, Zhenduo","contributorId":83828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhu","given":"Zhenduo","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Motta, Davide","contributorId":173610,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Motta","given":"Davide","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27130,"text":"UIUC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":645267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jackson, P. Ryan pjackson@usgs.gov","contributorId":169284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackson","given":"P. Ryan","email":"pjackson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":645268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Garcia, Marcelo H.","contributorId":74236,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garcia","given":"Marcelo H.","affiliations":[{"id":33106,"text":"University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":645269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70175136,"text":"70175136 - 2017 - Testing for synchrony in recruitment among four Lake Michigan fish species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-24T11:07:52","indexId":"70175136","displayToPublicDate":"2016-07-27T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Testing for synchrony in recruitment among four Lake Michigan fish species","docAbstract":"In the Great Lakes region, multiple fish species display intra-specific spatial synchrony in 28 recruitment success, with inter-annual climate variation hypothesized as the most likely driver. 29 In Lake Michigan, we evaluated whether climatic or other physical variables could also induce 30 spatial synchrony across multiple species, including bloater (Coregonus hoyi), rainbow smelt 31 (Osmerus mordax), yellow perch (Perca flavescens), and alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus). The 32 residuals from stock-recruitment relationships revealed yellow perch recruitment to be correlated 33 with recruitment of both rainbow smelt (r = 0.37) and alewife (r = 0.36). Across all four species, 34 higher than expected recruitment occurred in 5 years between 1978 and 1987 and then switched 35 to lower than expected recruitment in 5 years between 1996 and 2004. Generalized additive 36 models revealed warmer spring and summer water temperatures and lower wind speeds 37 corresponded to higher than expected recruitment for the nearshore-spawning species, and 38 overall variance explained ranged from 14% (yellow perch) to 61% (alewife). For all species 39 but rainbow smelt, higher recruitment also occurred in extremely high or low years of the North 40 Atlantic Oscillation index. Future development of indices that describe the physical Great Lakes 41 environment could improve understanding of how climate can synchronize fish populations 42 within and across species.
","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/cjfas-2015-0534","usgsCitation":"Bunnell, D., Hook, T.O., Troy, C.D., Liu, W., Madenjian, C.P., and Adams, J.V., 2017, Testing for synchrony in recruitment among four Lake Michigan fish species: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 74, no. 3, p. 306-315, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2015-0534.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"306","endPage":"315","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-070766","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470239,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/cjfas-2015-0534","text":"External Repository"},{"id":325857,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Great Lakes","volume":"74","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57a072c0e4b060ce18fb2e5d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bunnell, David B. 0000-0003-3521-7747 dbunnell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3521-7747","contributorId":169859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunnell","given":"David B.","email":"dbunnell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":644053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hook, Tomas O.","contributorId":108404,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hook","given":"Tomas","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Troy, Cary D.","contributorId":169861,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Troy","given":"Cary","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":13186,"text":"Purdue University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":644055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Liu, Wentao","contributorId":173280,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liu","given":"Wentao","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13186,"text":"Purdue University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":644056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Madenjian, Charles P. 0000-0002-0326-164X cmadenjian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0326-164X","contributorId":2200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madenjian","given":"Charles","email":"cmadenjian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":644057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Adams, Jean V. 0000-0002-9101-068X jvadams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9101-068X","contributorId":3140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Jean","email":"jvadams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":644058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70189438,"text":"70189438 - 2017 - Interagency Coastal Wetlands Workgroup: Statement of purpose and goals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-08T12:34:32","indexId":"70189438","displayToPublicDate":"2016-07-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Interagency Coastal Wetlands Workgroup: Statement of purpose and goals","docAbstract":"Purpose
The Interagency Coastal Wetlands Workgroup (ICWWG) helps to address coastal wetland loss by bringing together seven federal agencies with programs and authorities that support protection and management of coastal wetlands.
Background
Wetlands in coastal watersheds of the U.S. were lost at an average rate of 80,000 acres per year between 2004 and 2009. This is an increase from 59,000 acres per year between 1998 and 2004 as documented by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) in their reports on the Status and Trends of Wetlands in the Coastal Watersheds. The ICWWG was formed in 2009 in response to these loss trends. Coastal wetlands include saltwater and freshwater wetlands located within coastal watersheds — specifically USGS 8-digit watersheds which drain into the Atlantic, Pacific, or Gulf of Mexico.
","language":"English","publisher":"Interagency Coastal Wetlands Workgroup","usgsCitation":"Interagency Coastal Wetlands Workgroup, 2017, Interagency Coastal Wetlands Workgroup: Statement of purpose and goals, 1 p.","productDescription":"1 p.","ipdsId":"IP-074108","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344704,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":344703,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2017-08/documents/icwwg_purpose_and_goals_fact_sheet_gen_pub.pdf"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"598c1f66e4b09fa1cb10013d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Interagency Coastal Wetlands Workgroup","contributorId":195553,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Interagency Coastal Wetlands Workgroup","id":707423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70159886,"text":"70159886 - 2017 - Groundwater-derived nutrient and trace element transport to a nearshore Kona coral ecosystem: Experimental mixing model results","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-05T09:28:58","indexId":"70159886","displayToPublicDate":"2016-06-30T15:30:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3823,"text":"Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Groundwater-derived nutrient and trace element transport to a nearshore Kona coral ecosystem: Experimental mixing model results","docAbstract":"Study region
The groundwater influenced coastal waters along the arid Kona coast of the Big Island, Hawai’i.
Study focus
A salinity-and phase partitioning-based mixing experiment was constructed using contrasting groundwater endmembers along the arid Konacoast of the Big Island, Hawai’i and local open seawater to better understand biogeochemical and physicochemical processes that influence the fate of submarine groundwater discharge (SGD)-derived nutrients and trace elements.
New Hydrological Insights for the Region
Treated wastewater effluent was the main source for nutrient enrichment downstream at the Honokōhau Harbor site. Conservative mixing for some constituents, such as nitrate + nitrite, illustrate the effectiveness of physical mixing to maintain oceanic concentrations in the colloid (0.02–0.45 μm) and truly dissolved (
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ejrh.2015.12.058","usgsCitation":"Prouty, N.G., Swarzenski, P.W., Fackrell, J., Johannesson, K., and Palmore, C., 2017, Groundwater-derived nutrient and trace element transport to a nearshore Kona coral ecosystem: Experimental mixing model results: Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies, v. 11, p. 166-177, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2015.12.058.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"166","endPage":"177","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059630","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470240,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2015.12.058","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":324693,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Big Island, Honokōhau Harbor, Kaloko Bay, Kaloko-Honokōhau National Historical Park, Kīholo Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -156.04439735412598,\n 19.659562199692676\n ],\n [\n -156.04439735412598,\n 19.692536413365165\n ],\n [\n -156.00774765014648,\n 19.692536413365165\n ],\n [\n -156.00774765014648,\n 19.659562199692676\n ],\n [\n -156.04439735412598,\n 19.659562199692676\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5776349de4b07dd077c829bf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Prouty, Nancy G. 0000-0002-8922-0688 nprouty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8922-0688","contributorId":3350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prouty","given":"Nancy","email":"nprouty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Swarzenski, Peter W. 0000-0003-0116-0578 pswarzen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0116-0578","contributorId":1070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swarzenski","given":"Peter","email":"pswarzen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fackrell, Joseph","contributorId":150170,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fackrell","given":"Joseph","affiliations":[{"id":13351,"text":"University of Hawaii Cooperative Studies Unit","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johannesson, Karen H.","contributorId":150171,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johannesson","given":"Karen H.","affiliations":[{"id":13500,"text":"Tulane University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Palmore, C. Diane","contributorId":150172,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Palmore","given":"C. Diane","affiliations":[{"id":13500,"text":"Tulane University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70174052,"text":"sir20165073 - 2017 - Baseline assessment of groundwater quality in Wayne County, Pennsylvania, 2014","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-14T09:49:07","indexId":"sir20165073","displayToPublicDate":"2016-06-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2016-5073","title":"Baseline assessment of groundwater quality in Wayne County, Pennsylvania, 2014","docAbstract":"The Devonian-age Marcellus Shale and the Ordovician-age Utica Shale, geologic formations which have potential for natural gas development, underlie Wayne County and neighboring counties in northeastern Pennsylvania. In 2014, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Wayne Conservation District, conducted a study to assess baseline shallow groundwater quality in bedrock aquifers in Wayne County prior to potential extensive shale-gas development. The 2014 study expanded on previous, more limited studies that included sampling of groundwater from 2 wells in 2011 and 32 wells in 2013 in Wayne County. Eighty-nine water wells were sampled in summer 2014 to provide data on the presence of methane and other aspects of existing groundwater quality throughout the county, including concentrations of inorganic constituents commonly present at low levels in shallow, fresh groundwater but elevated in brines associated with fluids extracted from geologic formations during shale-gas development. Depths of sampled wells ranged from 85 to 1,300 feet (ft) with a median of 291 ft. All of the groundwater samples collected in 2014 were analyzed for bacteria, major ions, nutrients, selected inorganic trace constituents (including metals and other elements), radon-222, gross alpha- and gross beta-particle activity, selected man-made organic compounds (including volatile organic compounds and glycols), dissolved gases (methane, ethane, and propane), and, if sufficient methane was present, the isotopic composition of methane.
Results of the 2014 study show that groundwater quality generally met most drinking-water standards, but some well-water samples had one or more constituents or properties, including arsenic, iron, pH, bacteria, and radon-222, that exceeded primary or secondary maximum contaminant levels (MCLs). Arsenic concentrations were higher than the MCL of 10 micrograms per liter (µg/L) in 4 of 89 samples (4.5 percent) with concentrations as high as 20 µg/L; arsenic concentrations were higher than the Health Advisory level of 2 µg/L in 27 of 89 samples (30 percent). Total iron concentrations exceeded the secondary maximum contaminant level (SMCL) of 300 µg/L in 9 of 89 samples (10 percent). The pH ranged from 5.4 to 9.3 and did not meet the SMCL range of greater than 6.5 to less than 8.5 in 27 samples (30 percent); 22 samples had pH values less than 6.5, and 5 samples had pH values greater than 8.5. Total coliform bacteria were detected in 22 of 89 samples (25 percent); Escherichia coli were detected in only 2 of those 22 samples. Radon-222 activities ranged from 25 to 7,400 picocuries per liter (pCi/L), with a median of 2,120 pCi/L, and exceeded the proposed drinking-water standard of 300 pCi/L in 86 of 89 samples (97 percent); radon-222 activities were higher than the alternative proposed standard of 4,000 pCi/L in 12 of 89 samples (13.5 percent).
Water from 8 of the 89 wells (9 percent) had concentrations of methane greater than the reporting level of 0.24 milligrams per liter (mg/L) with the detectable methane concentrations ranging from 0.74 to 9.6 mg/L. Of 16 replicate samples submitted to another laboratory with a lower reporting level of 0.0002 mg/L, 15 samples had detectable methane concentrations that ranged from 0.0011 to 9.7 mg/L. Of these 15 samples, low levels of ethane (0.00032 to 0.0017 mg/L) were detected in 6 of 7 samples with methane concentrations greater than 0.75 mg/L. The isotopic composition of methane in 6 of 8 samples with sufficient dissolved methane (about 1 mg/L) for isotopic analysis is consistent with a predominantly thermogenic methane source (sample carbon isotopic ratio δ13CCH4 values ranging from -56.36 to -45.97 parts per thousand (‰) and hydrogen isotopic ratio δDCH4 values ranging from -233.1 to -141.1 ‰). However, the low levels of ethane relative to methane indicate that the methane may be of microbial origin and subsequently underwent oxidation. Isotopic compositions indicated a possibly mixed thermogenic and microbial source (carbon dioxide reduction process) for the methane in 1 of the 8 samples (δ13CCH4 of -63.72 and δDCH4 of -192.3 ‰) and potential oxidation of microbial and (or) thermogenic methane in the remaining sample (δ13CCH4 of -46.56 and δDCH4 of -79.7 ‰).
Groundwater samples with relatively elevated methane concentrations (near or greater than 1 mg/L) had a chemical composition that differed in some respects (pH, selected major ions, and inorganic trace constituents) from groundwater with relatively low methane concentrations (less than 0.75 mg/L). The seven well-water samples with the highest methane concentrations (from about 1 to 9.6 mg/L) also had among the highest pH values (8.1 to 9.3, respectively) and the highest concentrations of sodium, lithium, boron, fluoride, arsenic, and bromide. Relatively elevated concentrations of some other constituents, such as barium, strontium, and chloride, commonly were present in, but not limited to, those well-water samples with elevated methane.
Groundwater samples with the highest methane concentrations had chloride/bromide ratios that indicate mixing with a small amount of brine (0.02 percent or less, by volume) similar in composition to that reported for gas and oil well brines in Pennsylvania. Most other samples with low methane concentrations (less than about 1 mg/L) had chloride/bromide ratios that indicate predominantly man-made sources of chloride, such as road salt, septic systems, and (or) animal waste. Although naturally occurring brines may originate from deeper parts of the aquifer system, the man-made sources are likely to affect shallow groundwater.
Geochemical modeling showed that the water chemistry of samples with elevated pH, sodium, lithium, bromide, and alkalinity could result from dissolution of calcite (calcium carbonate) combined with cation exchange and mixing with a small amount of brine. Through cation exchange reactions (which are equivalent to processes in a water softener) calcium ions released by calcite dissolution are exchanged for sodium ions on clay minerals. The spatial distribution of groundwater compositions generally shows that (1) relatively dilute, slightly acidic, oxygenated, calcium-carbonate type waters tend to occur in the uplands along the western border of Wayne County; (2) waters of near neutral pH with the highest amounts of hardness (calcium and magnesium) generally occur in areas of intermediate altitudes; and (3) waters with pH values greater than 8, low oxygen concentrations, and the highest arsenic, sodium, lithium, bromide, and methane concentrations can occur in deep wells in uplands but most frequently occur in stream valleys, especially at low elevations (less than about 1,200 ft above North American Vertical Datum of 1988) where groundwater may be discharging regionally, such as to the Delaware River. Thus, the baseline assessment of groundwater quality in Wayne County prior to gas-well development shows that shallow (less than about 1,000 ft deep) groundwater is generally of good quality, but methane and some constituents present in high concentrations in brine (and produced waters from gas and oil wells) may be present at low to moderate concentrations in some parts of Wayne County.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20165073","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Wayne Conservation District","usgsCitation":"Senior, L.A., Cravotta, C.A., III, and Sloto, R.A., 2017, Baseline assessment of groundwater quality in Wayne County, Pennsylvania, 2014 (ver. 1.1, March 2017): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2016–5073, 136 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20165073.","productDescription":"xi, 136 p.","numberOfPages":"152","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-075428","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324374,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5073/sir20165073.pdf","text":"Report","size":"7.47 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5073"},{"id":336925,"rank":3,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5073/versionHist.txt"},{"id":324373,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5073/coverthb2.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","county":"Wayne County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-75.4834,41.999],[-75.3545,41.9992],[-75.3483,41.9969],[-75.3446,41.9946],[-75.3428,41.9928],[-75.3403,41.9901],[-75.3399,41.9871],[-75.3393,41.9848],[-75.3391,41.9825],[-75.34,41.9807],[-75.3406,41.9799],[-75.3413,41.9789],[-75.3422,41.9769],[-75.3419,41.9753],[-75.3411,41.9741],[-75.3399,41.9727],[-75.3385,41.9715],[-75.336,41.9706],[-75.3342,41.9697],[-75.3305,41.9683],[-75.3249,41.9648],[-75.3203,41.9595],[-75.3185,41.9573],[-75.3168,41.9553],[-75.3144,41.9521],[-75.3126,41.9507],[-75.3102,41.9501],[-75.3084,41.9494],[-75.3077,41.9492],[-75.3046,41.9497],[-75.3028,41.9505],[-75.3003,41.9519],[-75.2979,41.9529],[-75.296,41.9533],[-75.2941,41.9533],[-75.2928,41.9522],[-75.2923,41.9514],[-75.2916,41.9504],[-75.2892,41.9482],[-75.2855,41.9451],[-75.2814,41.9416],[-75.2787,41.9391],[-75.2776,41.9371],[-75.2767,41.9342],[-75.275,41.9305],[-75.275,41.9283],[-75.2745,41.9246],[-75.2734,41.9205],[-75.2717,41.9178],[-75.2696,41.9151],[-75.2677,41.9123],[-75.2672,41.9099],[-75.2671,41.9072],[-75.2671,41.9046],[-75.2678,41.9028],[-75.269,41.9001],[-75.2709,41.8983],[-75.2721,41.8965],[-75.2721,41.8937],[-75.2707,41.8914],[-75.2677,41.8895],[-75.2672,41.8892],[-75.264,41.8877],[-75.2623,41.8869],[-75.261,41.8849],[-75.2599,41.8817],[-75.2593,41.8799],[-75.2588,41.8782],[-75.2592,41.8762],[-75.2605,41.8747],[-75.2618,41.8733],[-75.2625,41.8713],[-75.2623,41.8688],[-75.2614,41.8673],[-75.2591,41.8653],[-75.2574,41.8646],[-75.2536,41.8648],[-75.2505,41.8652],[-75.2469,41.866],[-75.2446,41.8662],[-75.2426,41.8664],[-75.2377,41.8664],[-75.2357,41.8654],[-75.2339,41.8645],[-75.2334,41.8641],[-75.2327,41.8635],[-75.2309,41.8623],[-75.2278,41.8609],[-75.2254,41.8605],[-75.2229,41.8614],[-75.221,41.8624],[-75.2179,41.8642],[-75.2155,41.8668],[-75.2122,41.8686],[-75.2117,41.8687],[-75.2093,41.8691],[-75.2066,41.8694],[-75.206,41.8695],[-75.2032,41.8695],[-75.1974,41.8683],[-75.1937,41.867],[-75.1913,41.8655],[-75.1895,41.8641],[-75.1877,41.8636],[-75.1859,41.8631],[-75.1833,41.8639],[-75.1811,41.8659],[-75.1797,41.8681],[-75.1787,41.8697],[-75.1763,41.8711],[-75.1742,41.8717],[-75.1717,41.8717],[-75.1699,41.8707],[-75.1683,41.8688],[-75.1679,41.866],[-75.1674,41.864],[-75.1675,41.8617],[-75.1663,41.8578],[-75.1641,41.8548],[-75.1615,41.8527],[-75.1585,41.8518],[-75.1552,41.8513],[-75.1511,41.8517],[-75.1503,41.8518],[-75.1478,41.8521],[-75.1437,41.8528],[-75.1431,41.8527],[-75.141,41.8521],[-75.1398,41.8517],[-75.1382,41.8509],[-75.1354,41.849],[-75.1321,41.8477],[-75.1293,41.8471],[-75.126,41.8466],[-75.1219,41.8461],[-75.1182,41.8452],[-75.1158,41.8443],[-75.1145,41.8429],[-75.1145,41.8412],[-75.1139,41.8396],[-75.114,41.8359],[-75.114,41.8323],[-75.1142,41.8298],[-75.1133,41.8275],[-75.1119,41.8255],[-75.1101,41.8241],[-75.1088,41.823],[-75.1079,41.8225],[-75.1059,41.8217],[-75.1035,41.8203],[-75.1004,41.8193],[-75.0986,41.8184],[-75.0962,41.8165],[-75.0944,41.8161],[-75.0913,41.8152],[-75.0907,41.8152],[-75.0883,41.815],[-75.0858,41.8154],[-75.0833,41.8154],[-75.0809,41.8153],[-75.0778,41.8148],[-75.0741,41.8134],[-75.0729,41.8125],[-75.0724,41.8106],[-75.0722,41.8088],[-75.0727,41.8068],[-75.0732,41.8056],[-75.0741,41.8033],[-75.0752,41.8007],[-75.0772,41.7992],[-75.0791,41.7979],[-75.0797,41.7974],[-75.0822,41.7972],[-75.0827,41.7972],[-75.0852,41.7972],[-75.0858,41.7972],[-75.0883,41.7968],[-75.0914,41.7961],[-75.0932,41.7952],[-75.0951,41.7938],[-75.097,41.792],[-75.0988,41.7893],[-75.0996,41.7878],[-75.1001,41.7871],[-75.1017,41.783],[-75.102,41.7798],[-75.1014,41.7771],[-75.1002,41.7745],[-75.0971,41.772],[-75.094,41.7711],[-75.0898,41.7714],[-75.0842,41.7718],[-75.0793,41.7722],[-75.075,41.7716],[-75.0701,41.7706],[-75.0646,41.7682],[-75.0614,41.766],[-75.0587,41.7622],[-75.0561,41.7583],[-75.0547,41.7531],[-75.0537,41.7478],[-75.0538,41.7426],[-75.0539,41.739],[-75.0542,41.7351],[-75.0543,41.7304],[-75.0531,41.7261],[-75.0519,41.7226],[-75.0506,41.7197],[-75.05,41.7165],[-75.0499,41.7153],[-75.0511,41.7135],[-75.0536,41.7126],[-75.0567,41.7122],[-75.0581,41.7125],[-75.0593,41.7127],[-75.0598,41.7126],[-75.0636,41.712],[-75.0659,41.7117],[-75.0666,41.7115],[-75.0679,41.7093],[-75.0673,41.7066],[-75.0649,41.7039],[-75.0618,41.7011],[-75.0591,41.6977],[-75.0565,41.6941],[-75.0562,41.6936],[-75.0534,41.6872],[-75.0533,41.6829],[-75.0536,41.6808],[-75.0542,41.6786],[-75.0561,41.6763],[-75.0577,41.6748],[-75.0587,41.673],[-75.0588,41.6713],[-75.0572,41.6697],[-75.0554,41.6674],[-75.0548,41.6669],[-75.0528,41.6634],[-75.0518,41.6608],[-75.0511,41.6572],[-75.0505,41.653],[-75.0503,41.6494],[-75.0494,41.6413],[-75.0487,41.6344],[-75.0473,41.6299],[-75.0462,41.6262],[-75.0451,41.6226],[-75.0446,41.6207],[-75.0446,41.6189],[-75.0465,41.6171],[-75.0496,41.6167],[-75.0521,41.6168],[-75.0537,41.6176],[-75.0568,41.6185],[-75.0588,41.6169],[-75.0605,41.6156],[-75.0604,41.6134],[-75.0618,41.6113],[-75.063,41.6103],[-75.0652,41.6099],[-75.0683,41.6104],[-75.0704,41.6104],[-75.0728,41.609],[-75.0735,41.6081],[-75.0729,41.6054],[-75.071,41.6031],[-75.0699,41.602],[-75.0723,41.599],[-75.0974,41.5663],[-75.1224,41.5341],[-75.1494,41.5001],[-75.1557,41.4925],[-75.1628,41.4835],[-75.1654,41.4799],[-75.1666,41.4781],[-75.1679,41.4768],[-75.1692,41.4755],[-75.1737,41.4697],[-75.1743,41.4688],[-75.1813,41.4616],[-75.1844,41.4603],[-75.1856,41.4599],[-75.1881,41.4581],[-75.1882,41.4572],[-75.1882,41.4558],[-75.187,41.4545],[-75.189,41.4509],[-75.189,41.45],[-75.189,41.4491],[-75.1867,41.4463],[-75.1861,41.4454],[-75.1862,41.444],[-75.1905,41.4423],[-75.1912,41.44],[-75.1979,41.4397],[-75.1986,41.4379],[-75.1992,41.437],[-75.1999,41.4352],[-75.2037,41.4325],[-75.2043,41.4321],[-75.2111,41.4299],[-75.2149,41.4268],[-75.2205,41.4251],[-75.2284,41.4261],[-75.2321,41.4253],[-75.2346,41.4226],[-75.2334,41.4217],[-75.2335,41.4208],[-75.2341,41.4208],[-75.2433,41.4214],[-75.2445,41.4214],[-75.2457,41.4219],[-75.2464,41.4183],[-75.2471,41.4169],[-75.2489,41.4161],[-75.2527,41.4139],[-75.2511,41.4075],[-75.2506,41.4029],[-75.2525,41.4011],[-75.2531,41.3998],[-75.2528,41.3925],[-75.2528,41.3916],[-75.2528,41.3903],[-75.2541,41.388],[-75.2554,41.3871],[-75.2579,41.3863],[-75.2603,41.3854],[-75.2622,41.3841],[-75.2635,41.3827],[-75.2635,41.3814],[-75.2636,41.38],[-75.2643,41.3755],[-75.2656,41.3741],[-75.2674,41.3737],[-75.2699,41.3738],[-75.2828,41.3726],[-75.2859,41.3722],[-75.2877,41.3722],[-75.2895,41.3718],[-75.2914,41.3709],[-75.2926,41.3705],[-75.2969,41.3701],[-75.3,41.3702],[-75.3012,41.3707],[-75.3018,41.3711],[-75.3036,41.3725],[-75.3048,41.3735],[-75.3077,41.3776],[-75.3114,41.3772],[-75.3121,41.3754],[-75.3109,41.374],[-75.3103,41.3735],[-75.311,41.3722],[-75.3116,41.3713],[-75.3129,41.37],[-75.3172,41.3682],[-75.3203,41.3678],[-75.3209,41.3678],[-75.3282,41.3689],[-75.3318,41.3712],[-75.333,41.3721],[-75.3336,41.3726],[-75.3342,41.3735],[-75.3347,41.3744],[-75.3353,41.3758],[-75.3365,41.3763],[-75.3372,41.3763],[-75.3384,41.3763],[-75.3396,41.3759],[-75.3409,41.3745],[-75.3415,41.3741],[-75.3428,41.3732],[-75.344,41.3714],[-75.3447,41.3709],[-75.3453,41.371],[-75.3465,41.371],[-75.3483,41.371],[-75.3509,41.3679],[-75.3497,41.366],[-75.3475,41.3596],[-75.3475,41.3587],[-75.3469,41.3578],[-75.3427,41.355],[-75.3421,41.3532],[-75.3416,41.3518],[-75.3391,41.3509],[-75.3385,41.3504],[-75.3386,41.3495],[-75.3374,41.3477],[-75.3369,41.3449],[-75.3388,41.3436],[-75.3431,41.3405],[-75.3432,41.3382],[-75.3378,41.3363],[-75.3359,41.3363],[-75.3341,41.3363],[-75.3323,41.3362],[-75.331,41.3362],[-75.3261,41.3384],[-75.3206,41.3379],[-75.3194,41.3374],[-75.3188,41.3369],[-75.3117,41.3291],[-75.3105,41.3282],[-75.3105,41.3268],[-75.3118,41.325],[-75.3124,41.3241],[-75.3125,41.3223],[-75.3119,41.3218],[-75.3125,41.3209],[-75.3132,41.3209],[-75.3156,41.3201],[-75.3162,41.3196],[-75.3163,41.3187],[-75.3163,41.3174],[-75.3164,41.3165],[-75.3134,41.3132],[-75.3141,41.311],[-75.3166,41.3074],[-75.3173,41.3065],[-75.3185,41.3051],[-75.3198,41.3038],[-75.3211,41.3016],[-75.3217,41.3007],[-75.3224,41.2998],[-75.3236,41.2993],[-75.3248,41.2989],[-75.3261,41.2985],[-75.3273,41.298],[-75.328,41.2971],[-75.328,41.2953],[-75.3268,41.2935],[-75.3257,41.2912],[-75.3251,41.2898],[-75.3251,41.2889],[-75.3264,41.2876],[-75.3295,41.2863],[-75.3302,41.2849],[-75.3296,41.284],[-75.3296,41.2831],[-75.3297,41.2804],[-75.3309,41.2795],[-75.3322,41.2786],[-75.3323,41.275],[-75.3324,41.2704],[-75.3337,41.2695],[-75.3417,41.2669],[-75.3436,41.2665],[-75.3448,41.2652],[-75.3468,41.2611],[-75.3474,41.2598],[-75.3469,41.2589],[-75.3426,41.257],[-75.3414,41.2561],[-75.3366,41.2533],[-75.3319,41.2491],[-75.3301,41.2463],[-75.3285,41.2413],[-75.3273,41.2377],[-75.3678,41.2333],[-75.3794,41.2326],[-75.4087,41.2331],[-75.435,41.2331],[-75.4552,41.233],[-75.493,41.2331],[-75.4979,41.2327],[-75.4998,41.2327],[-75.5059,41.2324],[-75.5028,41.2351],[-75.4952,41.2431],[-75.4848,41.243],[-75.4835,41.2475],[-75.4749,41.2473],[-75.4731,41.2459],[-75.4689,41.245],[-75.4676,41.2481],[-75.462,41.2494],[-75.4558,41.2525],[-75.4515,41.2538],[-75.4466,41.256],[-75.4429,41.2573],[-75.4428,41.26],[-75.4439,41.2845],[-75.4468,41.3309],[-75.4471,41.364],[-75.4482,41.3881],[-75.4484,41.4017],[-75.4493,41.4135],[-75.4502,41.4258],[-75.45,41.4317],[-75.4506,41.4331],[-75.4529,41.4799],[-75.4541,41.5003],[-75.4562,41.5339],[-75.4571,41.5462],[-75.4586,41.578],[-75.4591,41.5835],[-75.4596,41.588],[-75.46,41.5953],[-75.4599,41.5989],[-75.4606,41.6171],[-75.4623,41.643],[-75.4635,41.663],[-75.4653,41.6884],[-75.4656,41.6998],[-75.466,41.7044],[-75.4672,41.7262],[-75.469,41.7503],[-75.4705,41.783],[-75.4705,41.7853],[-75.4712,41.8007],[-75.4738,41.8394],[-75.4764,41.8766],[-75.4776,41.9016],[-75.4784,41.9157],[-75.4789,41.9203],[-75.4805,41.9498],[-75.4804,41.9535],[-75.4817,41.9716],[-75.4821,41.9812],[-75.4825,41.9876],[-75.4834,41.999]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Wayne\",\"state\":\"PA\"}}]}","edition":"Version 1.0: Originally posted June 30, 2016; Version 1.1: March 9, 2017","contact":"Director, Pennsylvania Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
215 Limekiln Road
New Cumberland, PA 17070
Or visit our Web site at: http://pa.water.usgs.gov
","tableOfContents":"Selenium is a water-quality concern in the lower Gunnison River Basin because irrigation water interacting with seleniferous soils derived from the Mancos Shale Formation has mobilized selenium and increased its concentrations in surface water. Understanding the occurrence of elevated selenium concentrations in groundwater is necessary because groundwater discharge is an important source of selenium in surface water in the basin. In 2013, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation and the Colorado Water Conservation Board, began a study to understand how changes in groundwater levels attributed to canal leakage affected the concentrations and speciation of dissolved selenium in groundwater. The purpose of this report is to characterize the groundwater adjacent to an unlined leaky canal. Two locations, near the East Canal (W-N1 and W-N2) and farther from the East Canal (W-M1 and W-M2), were selected for nested monitoring well installations. The pressure exerted by changes in canal stage was more readily transferred to the deep groundwater measured in the W-N1 near the canal than the shallow groundwater at the W-N2 well. No definitive relation could be made between canal water-level elevation and water-level elevations in monitoring wells farther from the canal (W-M1 and W-M2).
\nWater flowing through the East Canal before the irrigation season had much higher selenium concentrations (140 micrograms per liter) than water in the canal during the irrigation season (3.02 micrograms per liter). Total selenium concentrations in the monitoring wells near the canal initially increased to 51.8 micrograms per liter in W-N1 and 1.66 micrograms per liter in W-N2. The initial increase in groundwater selenium concentrations presumably resulted from the dissolution of salts in the unsaturated zone by rising groundwater levels associated with canal leakage. The subsequent decrease in total selenium concentrations resulted from a combination of dilution by canal leakage and selenium reduction processes. Total selenium concentrations in monitoring wells located farther from the canal were not directly affected by canal leakage.
\nSelenite/total selenium mass ratios in the East Canal samples ranged from about 0.02 to 0.13, indicating that about 2 to 13 percent of the total selenium in canal samples was composed of selenite. The increase in total selenium at W-N1 from before the irrigation season to the early irrigation season was accompanied by a decrease in the percentage of selenite from about 10 to 1 percent, indicating that selenate was added to the groundwater. A nitrate pulse occurred with the selenate pulse in W-N1 at the beginning of the irrigation season but apparently dissipated to a low enough concentration during the irrigation season to allow for selenate reduction to occur, as indicated by the relatively high percentages of selenite in W-N1 during the late irrigation season. W-N2 generally contained higher percentages of selenite than W-N1.
\nPercentages of selenite in W-M1 did not change in response to filling the canal and generally composed less than 1 percent of the total selenium in that well. The predominance of selenate in W-M1, and apparent lack of selenate reduction, cannot be explained by a lack of anoxic conditions in the groundwater because all the available dissolved-oxygen data indicate that concentrations were less than 0.5 milligrams per liter. The most likely explanation for the lack of selenate reduction in W-M1 is that the exceptionally high concentrations of nitrate in the groundwater (about 340 to 390 milligrams per liter as nitrogen) inhibited selenate reduction. These high nitrate concentrations presumably come from the Mancos Shale and its weathering products because there was no evidence for a human source of nitrate at the lower Gunnison River Basin wetland. The high concentrations of selenate in W-M1 may persist and eventually discharge to surface water unless nitrate concentrations are reduced to low enough levels to permit substantial selenate reduction to occur. Well W-M2 contained relatively low concentrations of total selenium and high percentages of selenite before and at the onset of the irrigation season. An increase in total selenium concentration associated with a drying and wetting period later in the summer was accompanied by a decrease in the percentage of selenite to near 0 percent, indicating that selenate was added to the groundwater. This pattern is consistent with the examples of increasing concentrations of total selenium in the other wells and presumably resulted from the dissolution of selenate-bearing salts in the unsaturated zone by rising water levels in W-M2.
\n","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20165047","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation and Colorado Water Conservation Board","usgsCitation":"Linard, J.I., McMahon, P.B., Arnold, L.R., and Thomas, J.C., 2017, Response of selenium concentrations in groundwater to seasonal canal leakage, lower Gunnison River Basin, Colorado, 2013 (ver. 1.1, January 2017): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2016–5047, 30 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20165047.","productDescription":"v, 30 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2013-01-01","ipdsId":"IP-067265","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333218,"rank":3,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5047/versionHist.txt","text":"Version History","size":"4.0 kB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"SIR 2016-5047 Version History"},{"id":321476,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5047/sir20165047.pdf","text":"Report","size":"28.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5047"},{"id":321475,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5047/coverthb2.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","county":"Montrose County","otherGeospatial":"Gunnison River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -107.9583,\n 38.65\n ],\n [\n -107.9583,\n 38.6542\n ],\n [\n -107.9514,\n 38.6542\n ],\n [\n -107.9514,\n 38.65\n ],\n [\n -107.9583,\n 38.65\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0: Originally posted May 23, 2016; Version 1.1: January 13, 2017","contact":"
Director, USGS Colorado Water Science Center
Box 25046, Mail Stop 415
Denver, CO 80225
1.The loss of foundational but fire-intolerant perennials such as sagebrush due to increases in fire size and frequency in semiarid regions has motivated efforts to restore them, often with mixed or even no success. Seeds of sagebrush Artemisia tridentata and related species must be moved considerable distances from seed source to planting sites, but such transfers have not been guided by an understanding of local climate adaptation. Initial seedling establishment and its response to weather are a key demographic bottleneck that likely varies among subspecies and populations of sagebrush.
\n2.We assessed differences in survival, growth, and physiological responses of sagebrush to weather among eleven seed sources that varied in subspecies, cytotype, and climates-of-origin over 18 months following outplanting. Diploid or polyploid populations of mountain, Wyoming, and basin big sagebrush (A.tridentata ssp. vaseyana, A.tridentata ssp. wyomingensis, and A.tridentata ssp. tridentata, respectively) were planted onto five burned sites that normally support A.t.wyomingensis with some A.t.tridentata.
\n3.A.t.wyomingensis had the most growth and survival, and tetraploid populations had greater survival and height than diploids. Seasonal timing of mortality varied among the subspecies/cytotypes and was more closely related to minimum temperatures than water deficit.
\n4.Temperatures required to induce ice formation were up to 6°C more negative in 4n-A.t.tridentata and A.t.wyomingensis than other subspecies/cytotypes, indicating greater freezing avoidance. In contrast, freezing resistance of photosynthesis varied only 1°C among subspecies/cytotypes, being greatest in A.t.wyomingensis and least in the subspecies normally considered most cold-adapted,A.t.vaseyana. A large spectrum of reliance on freezing-avoidance vs. freezing-tolerance was observed and corresponded to differences in post-fire survivorship among subspecies/cytotypes. Differences in water deficit responses among subspecies/cytotypes were not as strong and did not relate to survival patterns.
\n5.Synthesis and applications. Low temperature responses are a key axis defining climate adaptation in young sagebrush seedlings and vary more with cytotype than with subspecies, which contrasts with the traditional emphases on (i) water limitations to explain establishment in these deserts, and (ii) subspecies in selecting restoration seedings. These important and novel insights on climate adaptation are critical for seed selection and parameterizing seed transfer zones, and were made possible by incorporating weather data with survival statistics. The survival/weather statistics used here could be applied to any restoration planting or seeding to help elucidate factors contributing to success and enable adaptive management.
\nThis Surface-Water Quality-Assurance Plan documents the standards, policies, and procedures used by the U.S. Geological Survey Washington Water Science Center (WAWSC) for activities related to the collection, processing, storage, analysis, and publication of surface-water data. This plan serves as a guide to all WAWSC personnel involved in surface-water data activities, and changes as the needs and requirements of the WAWSC change. Regular updates to this plan represent an integral part of the quality-assurance process. In the WAWSC, direct oversight and responsibility by the hydrographer(s) assigned to a surface-water station, combined with team approaches in all work efforts, assure highquality data, analyses, reviews, and reports for cooperating agencies and the public.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161020","usgsCitation":"Mastin, M.C., 2017, Surface-water quality-assurance plan for the U.S. Geological Survey Washington Water Science Center (ver. 1.1, August 2017): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016-1020, 85 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161020.","productDescription":"vi, 85 p.","numberOfPages":"98","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-069496","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":318182,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1020/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":318183,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1020/ofr20161020.pdf","text":"Report","size":"7.6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1020 PDF"},{"id":344971,"rank":3,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1020/versionHist.txt","size":"1 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"OFR 2016-1020 Version History"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-122.519535,48.288314],[-122.551793,48.281512],[-122.584086,48.297987],[-122.618466,48.294159],[-122.626757,48.288991],[-122.620748,48.282961],[-122.623779,48.269431],[-122.652639,48.265081],[-122.66921,48.240614],[-122.668385,48.223967],[-122.628352,48.222467],[-122.606406,48.208262],[-122.588138,48.18594],[-122.558205,48.119579],[-122.571853,48.102143],[-122.54512,48.05255],[-122.513994,48.059077],[-122.511081,48.075301],[-122.525422,48.096537],[-122.513276,48.097538],[-122.491104,48.094242],[-122.431266,48.045001],[-122.376259,48.034457],[-122.373263,48.000791],[-122.353611,47.981433],[-122.349597,47.958796],[-122.358812,47.93742],[-122.376837,47.923703],[-122.380497,47.904023],[-122.397349,47.912401],[-122.431035,47.914732],[-122.445519,47.930226],[-122.44076,47.951845],[-122.446682,47.963155],[-122.47266,47.988449],[-122.501257,47.987089],[-122.521219,47.972997],[-122.546824,47.967215],[-122.552053,47.973644],[-122.542924,47.996404],[-122.58178,48.010386],[-122.607342,48.030992],[-122.593621,48.0472],[-122.594922,48.056318],[-122.614028,48.072788],[-122.598301,48.110616],[-122.609568,48.15186],[-122.633167,48.163281],[-122.677337,48.154587],[-122.693084,48.181509],[-122.763042,48.215342],[-122.770045,48.224395],[-122.752563,48.260061],[-122.732022,48.279425],[-122.72259,48.304268],[-122.673731,48.354683],[-122.664928,48.374823],[-122.664659,48.401508],[-122.634991,48.404244],[-122.63582,48.395128],[-122.609715,48.411565],[-122.60198,48.409907],[-122.595351,48.3972],[-122.585038,48.395166],[-122.585162,48.353304],[-122.551334,48.342138],[-122.506568,48.310041],[-122.505828,48.297677],[-122.519535,48.288314]]],[[[-122.474684,47.511068],[-122.452399,47.503471],[-122.460027,47.48686],[-122.433385,47.46643],[-122.439415,47.458633],[-122.437656,47.407424],[-122.395054,47.399277],[-122.373628,47.388718],[-122.437809,47.365606],[-122.453997,47.343337],[-122.469702,47.344623],[-122.493122,47.330253],[-122.51885,47.33332],[-122.528128,47.345542],[-122.517797,47.368678],[-122.526733,47.398581],[-122.514703,47.414048],[-122.513328,47.449106],[-122.497862,47.475915],[-122.482739,47.483133],[-122.474684,47.511068]]],[[[-122.695907,48.737273],[-122.663259,48.697077],[-122.644901,48.691389],[-122.618225,48.670721],[-122.609576,48.645018],[-122.635299,48.651846],[-122.673538,48.680809],[-122.691795,48.711498],[-122.718833,48.716818],[-122.722262,48.731624],[-122.715709,48.748672],[-122.695907,48.737273]]],[[[-123.035393,49.002154],[-123.021459,48.977299],[-123.028091,48.973943],[-123.083834,48.976139],[-123.090546,49.001976],[-123.035393,49.002154]]],[[[-122.800217,48.60169],[-122.804869,48.595932],[-122.801096,48.585425],[-122.770349,48.558106],[-122.788503,48.530393],[-122.787347,48.523012],[-122.777467,48.517799],[-122.779124,48.508911],[-122.817912,48.483888],[-122.81973,48.458843],[-122.803521,48.428748],[-122.812208,48.422326],[-122.874135,48.418196],[-122.893646,48.422655],[-122.889016,48.435947],[-122.913888,48.443231],[-122.928004,48.439966],[-122.91646,48.453263],[-122.926901,48.460874],[-122.962009,48.451161],[-123.039156,48.460003],[-123.067675,48.479497],[-123.119451,48.492576],[-123.141478,48.505291],[-123.163234,48.529544],[-123.16147,48.547618],[-123.176266,48.562131],[-123.173061,48.579086],[-123.184941,48.58697],[-123.197754,48.586216],[-123.203026,48.596178],[-123.178425,48.622115],[-123.107362,48.622451],[-123.098462,48.612834],[-123.101552,48.59782],[-123.074611,48.591816],[-123.048403,48.569216],[-123.015046,48.560821],[-122.987296,48.561895],[-122.98611,48.569984],[-122.995026,48.578162],[-123.016647,48.580244],[-123.034101,48.591767],[-123.023433,48.599477],[-123.04653,48.61149],[-123.048652,48.621002],[-123.023495,48.634001],[-123.009924,48.655064],[-122.949116,48.693398],[-122.942367,48.706723],[-122.894599,48.71503],[-122.833124,48.698173],[-122.800267,48.67962],[-122.743049,48.661991],[-122.755031,48.649512],[-122.792147,48.633502],[-122.809622,48.619035],[-122.800217,48.60169]]],[[[-123.197953,48.68466],[-123.186076,48.684917],[-123.14799,48.668001],[-123.106165,48.633473],[-123.134956,48.63724],[-123.215917,48.669352],[-123.237148,48.683466],[-123.236567,48.68895],[-123.212892,48.689713],[-123.197953,48.68466]]],[[[-123.025486,48.717966],[-123.007511,48.718863],[-123.005086,48.694342],[-123.021215,48.681416],[-123.042337,48.675663],[-123.03636,48.69008],[-123.070427,48.699971],[-123.040179,48.717296],[-123.025486,48.717966]]],[[[-122.649405,48.588457],[-122.610841,48.561146],[-122.578856,48.54813],[-122.572967,48.529028],[-122.599948,48.536904],[-122.635738,48.526021],[-122.649256,48.528769],[-122.654342,48.537956],[-122.649405,48.588457]]],[[[-122.714512,48.60878],[-122.694672,48.596602],[-122.670638,48.568812],[-122.68944,48.543903],[-122.722407,48.540606],[-122.73048,48.565602],[-122.73944,48.573893],[-122.739898,48.583949],[-122.714512,48.60878]]],[[[-122.699266,48.621115],[-122.674173,48.629944],[-122.657016,48.609891],[-122.676796,48.610055],[-122.699266,48.621115]]],[[[-122.334524,48.018916],[-122.321721,48.019977],[-122.303455,48.005603],[-122.326115,48.010295],[-122.334524,48.018916]]],[[[-122.418268,47.320614],[-122.324833,47.348521],[-122.328434,47.400621],[-122.348035,47.415921],[-122.355135,47.441921],[-122.383136,47.450521],[-122.368036,47.459221],[-122.361336,47.481421],[-122.396538,47.51522],[-122.398338,47.55012],[-122.421139,47.57602],[-122.387139,47.59572],[-122.370167,47.583087],[-122.342937,47.59122],[-122.339513,47.599113],[-122.344937,47.60912],[-122.367819,47.624213],[-122.414645,47.639766],[-122.429841,47.658919],[-122.393248,47.701602],[-122.38044,47.709119],[-122.37314,47.729219],[-122.382641,47.749119],[-122.380241,47.758519],[-122.396422,47.777927],[-122.394944,47.803318],[-122.33595,47.852306],[-122.328546,47.897917],[-122.311927,47.923703],[-122.307048,47.949117],[-122.249007,47.959507],[-122.230046,47.970917],[-122.226346,47.976417],[-122.232391,47.987713],[-122.224979,48.016626],[-122.231761,48.029876],[-122.281087,48.049793],[-122.326119,48.092877],[-122.343241,48.097631],[-122.363842,48.12393],[-122.370253,48.164809],[-122.362044,48.187568],[-122.372492,48.193022],[-122.395499,48.228551],[-122.433767,48.23655],[-122.449605,48.232598],[-122.45371,48.228859],[-122.449513,48.214736],[-122.441731,48.211776],[-122.45493,48.196639],[-122.478535,48.188087],[-122.479008,48.175703],[-122.442383,48.130841],[-122.379481,48.087384],[-122.358375,48.056133],[-122.377114,48.057568],[-122.400692,48.085255],[-122.4675,48.130353],[-122.489986,48.120617],[-122.512031,48.133931],[-122.53722,48.183745],[-122.538916,48.209683],[-122.530996,48.249821],[-122.503786,48.257045],[-122.480925,48.251706],[-122.463962,48.270541],[-122.406516,48.25183],[-122.395328,48.257187],[-122.392058,48.269628],[-122.371693,48.287839],[-122.408718,48.326413],[-122.442678,48.337934],[-122.475529,48.359912],[-122.507437,48.364666],[-122.533452,48.383409],[-122.539449,48.39719],[-122.554536,48.40604],[-122.558403,48.426758],[-122.551221,48.439465],[-122.557298,48.444438],[-122.575254,48.443333],[-122.581607,48.429244],[-122.61448,48.41488],[-122.649839,48.408526],[-122.674158,48.424726],[-122.678928,48.439466],[-122.654844,48.454087],[-122.657753,48.47294],[-122.664623,48.478128],[-122.689121,48.476849],[-122.700603,48.457632],[-122.712322,48.464143],[-122.712981,48.47879],[-122.701644,48.497622],[-122.684521,48.509123],[-122.671386,48.50398],[-122.606961,48.522152],[-122.599951,48.520946],[-122.598469,48.512169],[-122.568071,48.50821],[-122.537355,48.466749],[-122.500721,48.460887],[-122.471832,48.470724],[-122.46967,48.474975],[-122.483501,48.49243],[-122.485288,48.528106],[-122.498463,48.556206],[-122.504428,48.564775],[-122.531978,48.568644],[-122.534719,48.574246],[-122.495904,48.575927],[-122.478431,48.559303],[-122.44456,48.570115],[-122.425271,48.599522],[-122.448702,48.622624],[-122.46425,48.625717],[-122.500308,48.656163],[-122.519172,48.713095],[-122.495301,48.737328],[-122.490401,48.751128],[-122.510902,48.757728],[-122.535803,48.776128],[-122.567498,48.779185],[-122.596844,48.771492],[-122.637146,48.735708],[-122.626287,48.72093],[-122.612562,48.714932],[-122.605733,48.701066],[-122.615169,48.693839],[-122.630422,48.696625],[-122.673472,48.733082],[-122.647443,48.773998],[-122.646777,48.785011],[-122.693683,48.804475],[-122.699303,48.789063],[-122.709815,48.786205],[-122.709169,48.817829],[-122.717073,48.84719],[-122.793175,48.892927],[-122.751289,48.911239],[-122.746596,48.930731],[-122.766096,48.941955],[-122.787539,48.931702],[-122.821631,48.941369],[-122.817226,48.95597],[-122.774276,48.991038],[-122.756318,48.996881],[-122.75802,49.002357],[-121.751252,48.997399],[-117.032351,48.999188],[-117.042623,47.761223],[-117.039813,46.425425],[-117.034696,46.418318],[-117.046915,46.379577],[-117.062785,46.365287],[-117.062748,46.353624],[-117.055983,46.345531],[-117.023844,46.335976],[-117.020663,46.314793],[-116.986688,46.296662],[-116.991134,46.276342],[-116.966742,46.256923],[-116.955264,46.23088],[-116.965841,46.203417],[-116.92187,46.167808],[-116.950276,46.123464],[-116.955263,46.102237],[-116.976957,46.09667],[-116.982479,46.089389],[-116.978938,46.080007],[-116.957372,46.075449],[-116.942656,46.061],[-116.91718,45.996575],[-118.987129,45.999855],[-119.027056,45.969134],[-119.12612,45.932859],[-119.19553,45.92787],[-119.25715,45.939926],[-119.322509,45.933183],[-119.364396,45.921605],[-119.450256,45.917354],[-119.487829,45.906307],[-119.524632,45.908605],[-119.571584,45.925456],[-119.600549,45.919581],[-119.623393,45.905639],[-119.669877,45.856867],[-119.772927,45.845578],[-119.802655,45.84753],[-119.907461,45.828135],[-119.965744,45.824365],[-120.07015,45.785152],[-120.141352,45.773152],[-120.170453,45.761951],[-120.210754,45.725951],[-120.282156,45.72125],[-120.40396,45.699249],[-120.482362,45.694449],[-120.505863,45.700048],[-120.559465,45.738348],[-120.591166,45.746547],[-120.634968,45.745847],[-120.68937,45.715847],[-120.855674,45.671545],[-120.895575,45.642945],[-120.913476,45.640045],[-120.943977,45.656445],[-120.983478,45.648344],[-121.06437,45.652549],[-121.084933,45.647893],[-121.120064,45.623134],[-121.117052,45.618117],[-121.145534,45.607886],[-121.183841,45.606441],[-121.196556,45.616689],[-121.200367,45.649829],[-121.215779,45.671238],[-121.33777,45.704949],[-121.372574,45.703111],[-121.401739,45.692887],[-121.423592,45.69399],[-121.462849,45.701367],[-121.499153,45.720846],[-121.533106,45.726541],[-121.631167,45.704657],[-121.668362,45.705082],[-121.707358,45.694809],[-121.735104,45.694039],[-121.811304,45.706761],[-121.867167,45.693277],[-121.901855,45.670716],[-121.900858,45.662009],[-121.908267,45.654399],[-121.935149,45.644169],[-121.955734,45.643559],[-121.963547,45.632784],[-121.983038,45.622812],[-122.044374,45.609516],[-122.101675,45.583516],[-122.183695,45.577696],[-122.2017,45.564141],[-122.266701,45.543841],[-122.331502,45.548241],[-122.352802,45.569441],[-122.380302,45.575941],[-122.438674,45.563585],[-122.548149,45.596768],[-122.675008,45.618039],[-122.76381,45.657138],[-122.774511,45.680437],[-122.760108,45.734413],[-122.761451,45.759163],[-122.769532,45.780583],[-122.795605,45.81],[-122.785026,45.867699],[-122.81151,45.912725],[-122.806193,45.932416],[-122.813998,45.960984],[-122.837638,45.98082],[-122.856158,46.014469],[-122.878092,46.031281],[-122.884478,46.06028],[-122.904119,46.083734],[-122.962681,46.104817],[-123.004233,46.133823],[-123.041297,46.146351],[-123.115904,46.185268],[-123.166414,46.188973],[-123.280166,46.144843],[-123.371433,46.146372],[-123.430847,46.181827],[-123.427629,46.229348],[-123.474844,46.267831],[-123.501245,46.271004],[-123.547659,46.259109],[-123.547636,46.265595],[-123.613544,46.259988],[-123.669501,46.266832],[-123.679125,46.272502],[-123.680574,46.296025],[-123.700764,46.305278],[-123.724273,46.301161],[-123.727913,46.289661],[-123.741478,46.290274],[-123.766682,46.273499],[-123.806139,46.283588],[-123.875525,46.239787],[-123.919581,46.251217],[-123.954353,46.277001],[-123.974509,46.303063],[-124.001264,46.31326],[-124.020551,46.315737],[-124.029924,46.308312],[-124.044018,46.275925],[-124.060961,46.278761],[-124.080671,46.267239],[-124.064624,46.326899],[-124.057425,46.409315],[-124.057024,46.493338],[-124.068655,46.634879],[-124.062715,46.642582],[-124.048444,46.645827],[-124.035874,46.630822],[-124.052708,46.622796],[-124.050842,46.617421],[-124.023566,46.582559],[-124.031737,46.496375],[-124.026032,46.462978],[-123.990615,46.463019],[-123.99268,46.488617],[-123.983688,46.498542],[-123.968044,46.473497],[-123.943667,46.477197],[-123.921192,46.507731],[-123.896703,46.522665],[-123.894254,46.537028],[-123.920247,46.567343],[-123.928861,46.588875],[-123.955556,46.60357],[-123.960642,46.636364],[-123.921913,46.650262],[-123.923269,46.672708],[-123.851356,46.70256],[-123.84621,46.716795],[-123.87668,46.730657],[-123.898641,46.750205],[-123.916371,46.741322],[-123.91285,46.730647],[-123.916874,46.726739],[-123.948683,46.725369],[-123.968564,46.736106],[-123.974994,46.733391],[-123.979655,46.724658],[-123.966886,46.705184],[-123.994242,46.707929],[-124.003458,46.702337],[-124.063117,46.733664],[-124.092176,46.741624],[-124.108078,46.836388],[-124.138225,46.905534],[-124.110641,46.91252],[-124.093392,46.901168],[-124.089286,46.867716],[-124.073113,46.861493],[-124.055085,46.870429],[-124.046344,46.893972],[-124.01366,46.90363],[-123.985082,46.921916],[-123.957493,46.921261],[-123.86018,46.948556],[-123.898245,46.971927],[-123.939214,46.969739],[-123.959185,46.981759],[-124.012218,46.985176],[-124.019727,46.991189],[-124.005248,47.003915],[-124.017035,47.011717],[-124.026345,47.030187],[-124.065856,47.04114],[-124.122057,47.04165],[-124.141517,47.035142],[-124.151288,47.021112],[-124.138035,46.970959],[-124.124386,46.94387],[-124.180111,46.926357],[-124.169113,46.994508],[-124.182802,47.134041],[-124.236349,47.287287],[-124.25359,47.30248],[-124.271193,47.305025],[-124.299943,47.34836],[-124.319379,47.355559],[-124.336724,47.415996],[-124.355955,47.545698],[-124.382215,47.632302],[-124.412106,47.691199],[-124.425195,47.738434],[-124.453927,47.765334],[-124.47657,47.769671],[-124.489737,47.816988],[-124.539927,47.836967],[-124.562363,47.866216],[-124.625512,47.887963],[-124.645442,47.935338],[-124.672427,47.964414],[-124.67083,47.982366],[-124.682157,48.035987],[-124.696542,48.069274],[-124.695114,48.087096],[-124.687101,48.098657],[-124.733174,48.163393],[-124.731746,48.169997],[-124.704153,48.184422],[-124.696111,48.198599],[-124.690389,48.219745],[-124.705031,48.238774],[-124.684677,48.255228],[-124.676319,48.295143],[-124.665908,48.299324],[-124.65894,48.331057],[-124.670072,48.341341],[-124.696703,48.349748],[-124.727022,48.371101],[-124.731828,48.381157],[-124.716947,48.389776],[-124.653243,48.390691],[-124.631108,48.376522],[-124.599278,48.381035],[-124.395593,48.288772],[-124.361351,48.287582],[-124.272017,48.25441],[-124.250882,48.264773],[-124.238582,48.262471],[-124.101773,48.216883],[-124.107215,48.200082],[-124.050734,48.177747],[-123.981032,48.164761],[-123.880068,48.160621],[-123.858821,48.154273],[-123.778122,48.155466],[-123.728736,48.1628],[-123.71835,48.158713],[-123.702743,48.166783],[-123.651408,48.156952],[-123.628819,48.139279],[-123.590839,48.134949],[-123.551131,48.151382],[-123.507235,48.131807],[-123.440128,48.142014],[-123.441972,48.124259],[-123.424668,48.118065],[-123.332699,48.11297],[-123.288265,48.121036],[-123.239129,48.118217],[-123.21719,48.127203],[-123.1644,48.165894],[-123.133445,48.177276],[-123.143229,48.156633],[-123.116479,48.150208],[-123.085154,48.127137],[-123.06621,48.120469],[-123.038727,48.081138],[-122.979413,48.09594],[-122.929095,48.096244],[-122.917942,48.091535],[-122.927975,48.06665],[-122.918602,48.058238],[-122.877641,48.047025],[-122.849273,48.053808],[-122.857727,48.065774],[-122.878255,48.076072],[-122.882013,48.100779],[-122.876282,48.110877],[-122.833173,48.134406],[-122.760448,48.14324],[-122.748911,48.117026],[-122.778466,48.106135],[-122.801399,48.087561],[-122.766648,48.04429],[-122.74229,48.049324],[-122.739271,48.069153],[-122.747389,48.070795],[-122.733257,48.091232],[-122.698465,48.103102],[-122.68724,48.101662],[-122.69222,48.087081],[-122.682264,48.042723],[-122.668942,48.032026],[-122.669868,48.017217],[-122.686898,48.008305],[-122.70184,48.016106],[-122.723374,48.008095],[-122.718082,47.987739],[-122.701294,47.972979],[-122.6788,47.96793],[-122.676215,47.958743],[-122.68445,47.939593],[-122.657722,47.931156],[-122.651063,47.920985],[-122.655085,47.905058],[-122.646494,47.894771],[-122.610341,47.887343],[-122.631857,47.874815],[-122.63636,47.866186],[-122.69376,47.868002],[-122.681602,47.850405],[-122.683742,47.838773],[-122.748061,47.800546],[-122.758498,47.746036],[-122.781682,47.70392],[-122.811929,47.679861],[-122.832139,47.695511],[-122.790619,47.792597],[-122.812616,47.840029],[-122.820178,47.835904],[-122.815027,47.807493],[-122.845612,47.777474],[-122.880462,47.720643],[-122.896524,47.674838],[-122.97244,47.6149],[-123.106486,47.45817],[-123.15598,47.355745],[-123.140169,47.347496],[-123.111298,47.362619],[-123.120234,47.39149],[-122.967284,47.585685],[-122.917103,47.620743],[-122.856611,47.649615],[-122.804498,47.653363],[-122.754186,47.671612],[-122.740159,47.736228],[-122.722686,47.748827],[-122.714801,47.768176],[-122.690562,47.778372],[-122.682015,47.800882],[-122.623192,47.836199],[-122.608105,47.856728],[-122.573672,47.857582],[-122.573098,47.874081],[-122.588235,47.912923],[-122.620316,47.931553],[-122.617022,47.938987],[-122.603861,47.940478],[-122.592184,47.922519],[-122.549072,47.919072],[-122.527593,47.905882],[-122.513986,47.880807],[-122.506122,47.831745],[-122.482529,47.815511],[-122.485214,47.804128],[-122.495346,47.79704],[-122.495458,47.786692],[-122.471402,47.765965],[-122.470333,47.757109],[-122.471844,47.749819],[-122.488491,47.743605],[-122.554454,47.745704],[-122.543161,47.710941],[-122.53094,47.704814],[-122.511196,47.708715],[-122.504604,47.699136],[-122.518277,47.65132],[-122.493205,47.635122],[-122.500357,47.617816],[-122.49824,47.598242],[-122.493933,47.588963],[-122.479089,47.583654],[-122.518367,47.57408],[-122.543118,47.556326],[-122.546611,47.52355],[-122.52305,47.524],[-122.494882,47.510265],[-122.530514,47.469041],[-122.531889,47.428827],[-122.551136,47.394456],[-122.537044,47.375896],[-122.575985,47.32642],[-122.547521,47.285344],[-122.578211,47.254804],[-122.589454,47.227618],[-122.602541,47.217506],[-122.611464,47.2181],[-122.668571,47.270449],[-122.697378,47.283969],[-122.671256,47.343774],[-122.632463,47.376394],[-122.671486,47.366876],[-122.725738,47.33047],[-122.74525,47.297158],[-122.749621,47.276408],[-122.718124,47.250045],[-122.648941,47.214531],[-122.641802,47.205013],[-122.673925,47.174675],[-122.691771,47.141958],[-122.711997,47.127681],[-122.771619,47.167109],[-122.832799,47.243412],[-122.816633,47.276457],[-122.799025,47.289306],[-122.796646,47.341654],[-122.803688,47.355071],[-122.821868,47.363069],[-122.822344,47.319763],[-122.84586,47.298405],[-122.863732,47.270221],[-122.856171,47.233788],[-122.838298,47.208353],[-122.858735,47.167955],[-122.852046,47.164359],[-122.814238,47.179482],[-122.775056,47.123114],[-122.721437,47.103179],[-122.67813,47.103866],[-122.650634,47.132738],[-122.631987,47.140589],[-122.614855,47.169143],[-122.590829,47.178107],[-122.561957,47.244099],[-122.527586,47.291531],[-122.547747,47.316403],[-122.533338,47.31662],[-122.471652,47.277321],[-122.4442,47.266723],[-122.429605,47.269707],[-122.409199,47.288556],[-122.444635,47.300421],[-122.418268,47.320614]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Washington\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","edition":"Verison 1.0: Originally posted February 19, 2017; Version 1.1: August 2017","contact":"Director, Washington Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
934 Broadway, Suite 300
Tacoma, Washington 98402
http://wa.water.usgs.gov
","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"publishedDate":"2016-02-19","revisedDate":"2017-08-18","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-02-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56c83cabe4b0b3c9ae37b205","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mastin, Mark C. 0000-0003-4018-7861 mcmastin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4018-7861","contributorId":1652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mastin","given":"Mark","email":"mcmastin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":620204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70162514,"text":"70162514 - 2017 - Interannual to multidecadal climate forcings on groundwater resources of the U.S. West Coast","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-03T13:55:39","indexId":"70162514","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-25T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3823,"text":"Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interannual to multidecadal climate forcings on groundwater resources of the U.S. West Coast","docAbstract":"
The U.S. West Coast, including the Pacific Northwest and California Coastal Basins aquifer systems.
Groundwater response to interannual to multidecadal climate variability has important implications for security within the water–energy–food nexus. Here we use Singular Spectrum Analysis to quantify the teleconnections between AMO, PDO, ENSO, and PNA and precipitation and groundwater level fluctuations. The computer program DAMP was used to provide insight on the influence of soil texture, depth to water, and mean and period of a surface infiltration flux on the damping of climate signals in the vadose zone.
We find that PDO, ENSO, and PNA have significant influence on precipitation and groundwater fluctuations across a north-south gradient of the West Coast, but the lower frequency climate modes (PDO) have a greater influence on hydrologic patterns than higher frequency climate modes (ENSO and PNA). Low frequency signals tend to be preserved better in groundwater fluctuations than high frequency signals, which is a function of the degree of damping of surface variable fluxes related to soil texture, depth to water, mean and period of the infiltration flux. The teleconnection patterns that exist in surface hydrologic processes are not necessarily the same as those preserved in subsurface processes, which are affected by damping of some climate variability signals within infiltrating water.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ejrh.2015.11.018","usgsCitation":"Velasco, E.M., Gurdak, J., Dickinson, J.E., Ferre, T., and Corona, C., 2017, Interannual to multidecadal climate forcings on groundwater resources of the U.S. West Coast: Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies, v. 11, p. 250-265, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2015.11.018.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"250","endPage":"265","ipdsId":"IP-067083","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470245,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2015.11.018","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":314871,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Oregon, Washington","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.892578125,\n 32.63937487360669\n ],\n [\n -124.892578125,\n 49.095452162534826\n ],\n [\n -116.34521484375001,\n 49.095452162534826\n ],\n [\n -116.34521484375001,\n 32.63937487360669\n ],\n [\n -124.892578125,\n 32.63937487360669\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56a8a6c6e4b0b28f1184dbff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Velasco, Elzie M.","contributorId":152546,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Velasco","given":"Elzie","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6690,"text":"San Francisco State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":589716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gurdak, Jason J.","contributorId":65125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gurdak","given":"Jason J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dickinson, Jesse E. 0000-0002-0048-0839 jdickins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0048-0839","contributorId":152545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dickinson","given":"Jesse","email":"jdickins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":589715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ferre, T.P.A.","contributorId":196167,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ferre","given":"T.P.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Corona, Claudia R.","contributorId":152548,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Corona","given":"Claudia","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6690,"text":"San Francisco State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":589719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70162135,"text":"70162135 - 2017 - Low incidence of clonality in cold water corals revealed through the novel use of standardized protocol adapted to deep sea sampling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-29T16:44:42","indexId":"70162135","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-14T10:30:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1371,"text":"Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Low incidence of clonality in cold water corals revealed through the novel use of standardized protocol adapted to deep sea sampling","docAbstract":"Sampling in the deep sea is a technical challenge, which has hindered the acquisition of robust datasets that are necessary to determine the fine-grained biological patterns and processes that may shape genetic diversity. Estimates of the extent of clonality in deep-sea species, despite the importance of clonality in shaping the local dynamics and evolutionary trajectories, have been largely obscured by such limitations. Cold-water coral reefs along European margins are formed mainly by two reef-building species, Lophelia pertusa and Madrepora oculata. Here we present a fine-grained analysis of the genotypic and genetic composition of reefs occurring in the Bay of Biscay, based on an innovative deep-sea sampling protocol. This strategy was designed to be standardized, random, and allowed the georeferencing of all sampled colonies. Clonal lineages discriminated through their Multi-Locus Genotypes (MLG) at 6–7 microsatellite markers could thus be mapped to assess the level of clonality and the spatial spread of clonal lineages. High values of clonal richness were observed for both species across all sites suggesting a limited occurrence of clonality, which likely originated through fragmentation. Additionally, spatial autocorrelation analysis underlined the possible occurrence of fine-grained genetic structure in several populations of both L. pertusa and M. oculata. The two cold-water coral species examined had contrasting patterns of connectivity among canyons, with among-canyon genetic structuring detected in M. oculata, whereas L. pertusa was panmictic at the canyon scale. This study exemplifies that a standardized, random and georeferenced sampling strategy, while challenging, can be applied in the deep sea, and associated benefits outlined here include improved estimates of fine grained patterns of clonality and dispersal that are comparable across sites and among species.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.dsr2.2015.11.013","usgsCitation":"Becheler, R., Cassone, A., Noel, P., Mouchel, O., Morrison, C.L., and Arnaud-Haond, S., 2017, Low incidence of clonality in cold water corals revealed through the novel use of standardized protocol adapted to deep sea sampling: Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, v. 145, p. 120-130, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2015.11.013.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"120","endPage":"130","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055976","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470247,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2015.11.013","text":"External Repository"},{"id":314314,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Bay of Biscay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -9.82177734375,\n 43.27720532212024\n ],\n [\n -9.82177734375,\n 48.574789910928864\n ],\n [\n -0.15380859375,\n 48.574789910928864\n ],\n [\n -0.15380859375,\n 43.27720532212024\n ],\n [\n -9.82177734375,\n 43.27720532212024\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"145","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5698c6b2e4b0fbd3f7fa4be4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Becheler, Ronan","contributorId":152249,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Becheler","given":"Ronan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18891,"text":"Ifremer, Centre de Brest, France","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":588650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cassone, Anne-Laure","contributorId":152250,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cassone","given":"Anne-Laure","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18891,"text":"Ifremer, Centre de Brest, France","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":588651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Noel, Philippe","contributorId":152251,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Noel","given":"Philippe","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18891,"text":"Ifremer, Centre de Brest, France","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":588652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mouchel, Olivier","contributorId":152252,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mouchel","given":"Olivier","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18891,"text":"Ifremer, Centre de Brest, France","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":588653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Morrison, Cheryl L. 0000-0001-9425-691X cmorrison@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9425-691X","contributorId":146488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morrison","given":"Cheryl","email":"cmorrison@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":588649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Arnaud-Haond, Sophie","contributorId":152253,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arnaud-Haond","given":"Sophie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18892,"text":"Ifremer, Centre of Brest, and Ifremer, Centre de Sete, France","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":588654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70190305,"text":"70190305 - 2017 - Reservoir rehabilitations: Seeking the Fountain of Youth","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-28T14:30:51","indexId":"70190305","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1657,"text":"Fisheries","onlineIssn":"1548-8446","printIssn":"0363-2415","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reservoir rehabilitations: Seeking the Fountain of Youth","docAbstract":"Aging of reservoirs alters the functions, and associated services, of these systems through time. The goal of habitat rehabilitation is often to alter the trajectory of the aging process such that the duration of the desired state is prolonged. There are two important characteristics in alteration of the trajectory—the amplitude relative to current state and the subsequent rate of change, or aging—that ultimately determine the duration of extension for the desired state. Rehabilitation processes largely fall into three main categories: fish community manipulation, water quality manipulation, and physical habitat manipulation. We can slow aging of reservoirs through carefully implemented management actions, perhaps even turning back the hands of time, but we cannot stop aging. We call for new, innovative perspectives that incorporate an understanding of aging processes in all steps of rehabilitation of reservoirs, especially in planning and assessing.","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/03632415.2015.1017635","usgsCitation":"Pegg, M.A., Pope, K.L., Powell, L., Turek, K.C., Spurgeon, J., Stewart, N.T., Hogberg, N.P., and Porath, M.T., 2017, Reservoir rehabilitations: Seeking the Fountain of Youth: Fisheries, v. 40, no. 4, p. 177-181, https://doi.org/10.1080/03632415.2015.1017635.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"177","endPage":"181","ipdsId":"IP-058336","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345103,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"40","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-04-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"599fe5b8e4b038630d0220fa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pegg, Mark A.","contributorId":45212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pegg","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pope, Kevin L. 0000-0003-1876-1687 kpope@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1876-1687","contributorId":1574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pope","given":"Kevin","email":"kpope@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Powell, L.A.","contributorId":51262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Turek, Kelly C.","contributorId":7603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turek","given":"Kelly","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Spurgeon, Jonathan J.","contributorId":146395,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Spurgeon","given":"Jonathan J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stewart, Nathaniel T.","contributorId":171639,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stewart","given":"Nathaniel","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hogberg, Nick P.","contributorId":195831,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hogberg","given":"Nick","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Porath, Mark T.","contributorId":28846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Porath","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70189953,"text":"70189953 - 2017 - From submarine to lacustrine groundwater discharge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-14T11:33:50","indexId":"70189953","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"From submarine to lacustrine groundwater discharge","docAbstract":"Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) and its role in marine nutrient cycling are well known since the last decade. The freshwater equivalent, lacustrine groundwater discharge (LGD), is often still disregarded, although first reports of LGD are more than 50 years old. We identify nine different reasons why groundwater has long been disregarded in both freshwater and marine environments such as invisibility of groundwater discharge, the size of the interface and its difficult accessibility. Although there are some\r\nfundamental differences in the hydrology of SGD and LGD, caused primarily by seawater recirculation that occurs only in cases of SGD, there are also a lot of similarities such as a focusing of discharge to near-shore areas. Nutrient concentrations in groundwater near the groundwater–surface water interface might be anthropogenically enriched. Due to spatial heterogeneity of aquifer characteristics and biogeochemical processes, the quantification of groundwater-borne nutrient loads is challenging. Both nitrogen and\r\nphosphorus might be mobile in near-shore aquifers and in a lot of case studies large groundwater-borne nutrient loads have been reported.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences","conferenceTitle":"Symposium on Experimental and Efficient Algorithms","conferenceDate":"July 2013","conferenceLocation":"Gothenburg, Sweden","language":"English","publisher":"IAHS Press","doi":"10.5194/piahs-365-72-2015","usgsCitation":"Lewandowski, J., Meinikmann, K., Poschke, F., Nutzmann, G., and Rosenberry, D.O., 2017, From submarine to lacustrine groundwater discharge, in Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences, v. 365, Gothenburg, Sweden, July 2013, p. 72-78, https://doi.org/10.5194/piahs-365-72-2015.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"72","endPage":"78","ipdsId":"IP-055744","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470248,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/piahs-365-72-2015","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":344814,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"365","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-03-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59b76f73e4b08b1644ddfb01","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lewandowski, Jorg","contributorId":195317,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lewandowski","given":"Jorg","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meinikmann, Karin","contributorId":195318,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meinikmann","given":"Karin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Poschke, Franziska","contributorId":195360,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Poschke","given":"Franziska","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nutzmann, Gunnar","contributorId":195319,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nutzmann","given":"Gunnar","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rosenberry, Donald O. 0000-0003-0681-5641 rosenber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-5641","contributorId":1312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberry","given":"Donald","email":"rosenber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70228805,"text":"70228805 - 2017 - An Arctic and Subarctic ostracode database: Biogeographic and paleoceanographic applications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-22T15:28:27.560491","indexId":"70228805","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-10T09:23:26","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1919,"text":"Hydrobiologia","onlineIssn":"1573-5117","printIssn":"0018-8158","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An Arctic and Subarctic ostracode database: Biogeographic and paleoceanographic applications","docAbstract":"A new Arctic Ostracode Database-2015 (AOD-2015) provides census data for 96 species of benthic marine Ostracoda from 1340 modern surface sediments from the Arctic Ocean and subarctic seas. Ostracoda is a meiofaunal, Crustacea group that secretes a bivalved calcareous (CaCO3) shell commonly preserved in sediments. Arctic and subarctic ostracode species have ecological limits controlled by temperature, salinity, oxygen, sea ice, food, and other habitat-related factors. Unique species ecology, shell chemistry (Mg/Ca ratios, stable isotopes), and limited stratigraphic ranges make them a useful tool for paleoceanographic reconstructions and biostratigraphy. The database, described here, will facilitate the investigation of modern ostracode biogeography, regional community structure, and ecology. These data, when compared to downcore faunal data from sediment cores, will provide a better understanding of how the Arctic has been affected by climatic and oceanographic change during the Quaternary. Images of all species and biogeographic distribution maps for selected species are presented, with brief discussion of representative species’ biogeographic and ecological significance. Publication of AOD-2015 is open-sourced and will be available online at several public websites with latitude, longitude, water depth, and bottom water temperature for most samples. It includes material from Arctic abyssal plains and submarine ridges, continental slopes, and shelves of the Kara, Laptev, East Siberian, Chukchi, Beaufort Seas, and several subarctic regions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Link","doi":"10.1007/s10750-015-2587-4","usgsCitation":"Gemery, L., Cronin, T.M., Briggs, W.M., Brouwers, E.M., Schornikov, E.I., Stepanova, A., Wood, A.M., and Yasuhara, M., 2017, An Arctic and Subarctic ostracode database: Biogeographic and paleoceanographic applications: Hydrobiologia, v. 786, p. 59-95, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-015-2587-4.","productDescription":"37 p.","startPage":"59","endPage":"95","ipdsId":"IP-070287","costCenters":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":396243,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Arctic, Subarctic","volume":"786","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-12-10","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gemery, Laura 0000-0003-1966-8732 lgemery@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1966-8732","contributorId":5402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gemery","given":"Laura","email":"lgemery@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":835560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cronin, Thomas M. 0000-0002-2643-0979 tcronin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2643-0979","contributorId":2579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronin","given":"Thomas","email":"tcronin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":835561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Briggs, William M.","contributorId":279853,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Briggs","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":57377,"text":"INSTAAR","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":835562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brouwers, Elisabeth M. brouwers@usgs.gov","contributorId":279854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brouwers","given":"Elisabeth","email":"brouwers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":501,"text":"Office of Science Quality and Integrity","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":835563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schornikov, Eugene I.","contributorId":279855,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schornikov","given":"Eugene","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":57378,"text":"Zhirmunsky Institute of Marine Biology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":835564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stepanova, Anna","contributorId":147368,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stepanova","given":"Anna","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16831,"text":"Borissiak Paleontological Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":835565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wood, Adrian M.","contributorId":279856,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wood","given":"Adrian","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":57379,"text":"Coventry University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":835566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Yasuhara, Moriaki","contributorId":178705,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yasuhara","given":"Moriaki","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":835567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70155216,"text":"70155216 - 2017 - Hydrologic modeling in a marsh-mangrove ecotone: Predicting wetland surface water and salinity response to restoration in the Ten Thousand Islands region of Florida, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-09-16T09:43:43","indexId":"70155216","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-01T12:30:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2341,"text":"Journal of Hydrologic Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrologic modeling in a marsh-mangrove ecotone: Predicting wetland surface water and salinity response to restoration in the Ten Thousand Islands region of Florida, USA","docAbstract":"At the fringe of Everglades National Park in southwest Florida, United States, the Ten Thousand Islands National Wildlife Refuge (TTINWR) habitat has been heavily affected by the disruption of natural freshwater flow across the Tamiami Trail (U.S. Highway 41). As the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan (CERP) proposes to restore the natural sheet flow from the Picayune Strand Restoration Project area north of the highway, the impact of planned measures on the hydrology in the refuge needs to be taken into account. The objective of this study was to develop a simple, computationally efficient mass balance model to simulate the spatial and temporal patterns of water level and salinity within the area of interest. This model could be used to assess the effects of the proposed management decisions on the surface water hydrological characteristics of the refuge. Surface water variations are critical to the maintenance of wetland processes. The model domain is divided into 10 compartments on the basis of their shared topography, vegetation, and hydrologic characteristics. A diversion of +10% of the discharge recorded during the modeling period was simulated in the primary canal draining the Picayune Strand forest north of the Tamiami Trail (Faka Union Canal) and this discharge was distributed as overland flow through the refuge area. Water depths were affected only modestly. However, in the northern part of the refuge, the hydroperiod, i.e., the duration of seasonal flooding, was increased by 21 days (from 115 to 136 days) for the simulation during the 2008 wet season, with an average water level rise of 0.06 m. The average salinity over a two-year period in the model area just south of Tamiami Trail was reduced by approximately 8 practical salinity units (psu) (from 18 to 10 psu), whereas the peak dry season average was reduced from 35 to 29 psu (by 17%). These salinity reductions were even larger with greater flow diversions (+20%). Naturally, the reduction in salinity diminished toward the open water areas where the daily flood tides mix in saline bay water. Partially restoring hydrologic flows to TTINWR will affect hydroperiod and salinity regimes within downslope wetlands, and perhaps serve as a management tool to reduce the speed of future encroachment of mangroves into marsh as sea levels rise.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Civil Engineers","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0001260","usgsCitation":"Michot, B., Meselhe, E., Krauss, K.W., Shrestha, S., From, A.S., and Patino, E., 2017, Hydrologic modeling in a marsh-mangrove ecotone: Predicting wetland surface water and salinity response to restoration in the Ten Thousand Islands region of Florida, USA: Journal of Hydrologic Engineering, v. 22, no. 1, D4015002-1: 18 p., https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0001260.","productDescription":"D4015002-1: 18 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059510","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306317,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55c090b0e4b033ef521042a1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Michot, B.D.","contributorId":145740,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Michot","given":"B.D.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7155,"text":"University of Louisiana at Lafayette","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meselhe, E.A.","contributorId":145741,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meselhe","given":"E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16216,"text":"Water Institute of the Gulf","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Krauss, Ken W. 0000-0003-2195-0729 kraussk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2195-0729","contributorId":2017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krauss","given":"Ken","email":"kraussk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":565123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shrestha, Surendra","contributorId":145742,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shrestha","given":"Surendra","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":565126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"From, Andrew S. 0000-0002-6543-2627 froma@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6543-2627","contributorId":5038,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"From","given":"Andrew","email":"froma@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":565127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Patino, Eduardo 0000-0003-1016-3658 epatino@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1016-3658","contributorId":1743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patino","given":"Eduardo","email":"epatino@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":269,"text":"FLWSC-Ft. Lauderdale","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":270,"text":"FLWSC-Tampa","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":565128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70138831,"text":"sir20155010 - 2017 - Spatially distributed groundwater recharge for 2010 land cover estimated using a water-budget model for the Island of O‘ahu, Hawai‘i","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-06T13:53:49","indexId":"sir20155010","displayToPublicDate":"2015-02-26T10:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5010","title":"Spatially distributed groundwater recharge for 2010 land cover estimated using a water-budget model for the Island of O‘ahu, Hawai‘i","docAbstract":"Owing mainly to projected population growth, demand for freshwater on the Island of Oʻahu is expected to increase by about 26 percent between 2010 and 2030, according to the City and County of Honolulu. Estimates of groundwater recharge are needed to evaluate the availability of fresh groundwater. For this study, a water-budget model with a daily computation interval was developed and used to estimate the spatial distribution of recharge on Oʻahu for average climate conditions (1978–2007 rainfall and 2010 land cover) and for drought conditions (1998–2002 rainfall and 2010 land cover). For average climate conditions, mean annual recharge for Oʻahu is about 660 million gallons per day, or about 36 percent of precipitation (rainfall and fog interception). Recharge for average climate conditions is about 34 percent of total water inflow, which consists of precipitation, irrigation, septic leachate, water-main leakage, and seepage from reservoirs and cesspools. Recharge is high along the crest of the Koʻolau Range, reaching as much as about 180 inches per year in the north-central part of the range. Recharge is much lower outside of the mountainous areas of the island, commonly less than 5 inches per year in unirrigated areas. The island-wide estimate of groundwater recharge for average climate conditions from this study is within 1 percent of the recharge estimate used in the 2008 State of Hawaiʻi Water Resource Protection Plan, which divides the Island of Oʻahu into 23 aquifer systems for groundwater management purposes. To facilitate direct comparisons with this study, these 23 aquifer systems were consolidated into 21 aquifer systems. Recharge estimates from this study are higher for 12 of the aquifer-system areas and lower for 9. Differences in mean rainfall distribution and the inclusion of irrigation in this study are the primary reasons for discrepancies in recharge estimates between this study and the 2008 Hawaiʻi Water Resources Protection Plan. For drought conditions, mean annual recharge for Oʻahu is about 417 million gallons per day, which is about 37 percent less than recharge for average climate conditions. For individual aquifer-system areas, recharge for drought conditions is about 25 to 70 percent less than recharge for average climate conditions.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155010","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State of Hawai‘i Commission on Water Resource Management and the City and County of Honolulu Board of Water Supply","usgsCitation":"Engott, J.A., Johnson, A.G., Bassiouni, Maoya, Izuka, S.K., and Rotzoll, Kolja, 2017, Spatially distributed groundwater recharge for 2010 land cover estimated using a water-budget model for the Island of O‘ahu, Hawai‘i (ver. 2.0, December 2017): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015–5010, 49 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20155010.","productDescription":"Report: v, 49 p.; 2 Datasets","numberOfPages":"49","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-036376","costCenters":[{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349857,"rank":3,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5010/downloads/sir20155010_v2_versionhist.txt","text":"Version History","size":"3 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"SIR 2015-5010"},{"id":349860,"rank":5,"type":{"id":28,"text":"Dataset"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7SX6B7M","text":"Dataset","linkHelpText":" - Mean annual water-budget components for the Island of Oahu, Hawaii, for drought conditions, 1998-2002 rainfall and 2010 land cover (version 2.0)"},{"id":298156,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5010/images/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":349859,"rank":4,"type":{"id":28,"text":"Dataset"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7XP72ZX","text":"Dataset","linkHelpText":" - Mean annual water-budget components for the Island of Oahu, Hawaii, for average climate conditions, 1978-2007 rainfall and 2010 land cover (version 2.0)"},{"id":349856,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5010/downloads/sir20155010_v2.pdf","text":"Report","size":"12.3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2015-5010"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","otherGeospatial":"O'ahu","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -158.39263916015625,\n 21.212579790630603\n ],\n [\n -158.39263916015625,\n 21.733988636412214\n ],\n [\n -157.57965087890625,\n 21.733988636412214\n ],\n [\n -157.57965087890625,\n 21.212579790630603\n ],\n [\n -158.39263916015625,\n 21.212579790630603\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0: Originally posted February 2015; Version 2.0: December 2017","contact":"Director,
Pacific Islands Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Inouye Regional Center
1845 Wasp Blvd., B176
Honolulu, HI
Tracers have a wide variety of uses in hydrologic studies: providing quantitative or qualitative estimates of recharge, identifying sources of recharge, providing information on velocities and travel times of water movement, assessing the importance of preferential flow paths, providing information on hydrodynamic dispersion, and providing data for calibration of water flow and solute-transport models (Walker, 1998; Cook and Herczeg, 2000; Scanlon et al., 2002b). Tracers generally are ions, isotopes, or gases that move with water and that can be detected in the atmosphere, in surface waters, and in the subsurface. Heat also is transported by water; therefore, temperatures can be used to trace water movement. This chapter focuses on the use of chemical and isotopic tracers in the subsurface to estimate recharge. Tracer use in surface-water studies to determine groundwater discharge to streams is addressed in Chapter 4; the use of temperature as a tracer is described in Chapter 8.
Following the nomenclature of Scanlon et al. (2002b), tracers are grouped into three categories: natural environmental tracers, historical tracers, and applied tracers. Natural environmental tracers are those that are transported to or created within the atmosphere under natural processes; these tracers are carried to the Earth’s surface as wet or dry atmospheric deposition. The most commonly used natural environmental tracer is chloride (Cl) (Allison and Hughes, 1978). Ocean water, through the process of evaporation, is the primary source of atmospheric Cl. Other tracers in this category include chlorine-36 (36Cl) and tritium (3H); these two isotopes are produced naturally in the Earth’s atmosphere; however, there are additional anthropogenic sources of them.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Estimating groundwater recharge","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","publisherLocation":"Cambridge, UK","doi":"10.1017/CBO9780511780745.008","usgsCitation":"Healy, R.W., 2017, Chemical tracer methods, chap. 7 of Estimating groundwater recharge, p. 136-165, https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511780745.008.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"136","endPage":"165","ipdsId":"IP-014174","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344807,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59b76f73e4b08b1644ddfb03","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Healy, Richard W. 0000-0002-0224-1858 rwhealy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0224-1858","contributorId":658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Healy","given":"Richard","email":"rwhealy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70190201,"text":"70190201 - 2017 - Use of modflow drain package for simulating inter-basin transfer in abandoned coal mines","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-23T09:44:34","indexId":"70190201","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Use of modflow drain package for simulating inter-basin transfer in abandoned coal mines","docAbstract":"Simulation of groundwater flow in abandoned mines is difficult, especially where flux to and from mines is unknown or poorly quantified, and inter-basin transfer of groundwater occurs. A 3-year study was conducted in the Elkhorn area, West Virginia to better understand groundwater-flow processes and inter-basin transfer in above drainage abandoned coal mines. The study area was specifically selected, as all mines are located above the elevation of tributary receiving streams, to allow accurate measurements of discharge from mine portals and tributaries for groundwater model calibration.\r\nAbandoned mine workings were simulated in several ways, initially as a layer of high hydraulic conductivity bounded by lower permeability rock in adjacent strata, and secondly as rows of higher hydraulic conductivity embedded within a lower hydraulic conductivity coal aquifer matrix. Regardless of the hydraulic conductivity assigned to mine workings, neither approach to simulate mine workings could accurately reproduce the inter-basin transfer of groundwater from adjacent watersheds. \r\nTo resolve the problem, a third approach was developed. The MODFLOW DRAIN package was used to simulate seepage into and through mine workings discharging water under unconfined conditions to Elkhorn Creek, North Fork, and tributaries of the Bluestone River. Drain nodes were embedded in a matrix of uniform hydraulic conductivity cells that represented the coal mine aquifer. Drain heads were empirically defined from well observations, and elevations were based on structure contours for the Pocahontas No. 3 mine workings. Use of the DRAIN package to simulate mine workings as an internal boundary condition resolved the inter-basin transfer problem, and effectively simulated a shift from a topographic- dominated to a dip-dominated flow system, by dewatering overlying unmined strata and shifting the groundwater drainage divide up dip within the Pocahontas No. 3 coal seam several kilometers into the adjacent Bluestone River Watershed. Model simulations prior to use of the DRAIN package for simulating mine workings produced estimated flows of 0.32 to 0.34 m3/s in each of the similar sized Elkhorn Creek and North Fork Watersheds, but failed to estimate inter-basin transfer of groundwater from the adjacent Bluestone River Watershed. The simulation of mine entries and discharge using the MODFLOW DRAIN package produced estimated flows of 0.46 and 0.26 m3/s for the Elkhorn Creek and North Fork watersheds respectively, which matched well measured flows for the respective watersheds of 0.47 and 0.26 m3/s.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings America Society of Mining and Reclamation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Sustainable Reclamation: 2012 National Meeting of the American Society of Mining and Reclamation","conferenceDate":"June 8-15, 2012","conferenceLocation":"Tupelo, MS","language":"English","publisher":"ASMR","doi":"10.21000/JASMR12010304","usgsCitation":"Kozar, M.D., and McCoy, K.J., 2017, Use of modflow drain package for simulating inter-basin transfer in abandoned coal mines, in Proceedings America Society of Mining and Reclamation, Tupelo, MS, June 8-15, 2012, p. 304-320, https://doi.org/10.21000/JASMR12010304.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"304","endPage":"320","ipdsId":"IP-036856","costCenters":[{"id":642,"text":"West Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488707,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"http://doi.org/10.21000/jasmr12010304","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":345048,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"West Virginia","county":"McDowell County","otherGeospatial":"Elkhorn Creek, North Fork","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-81.9282,37.5141],[-81.921,37.5152],[-81.9159,37.5171],[-81.9148,37.5203],[-81.9126,37.5271],[-81.9087,37.5303],[-81.904,37.5309],[-81.897,37.5305],[-81.8924,37.5315],[-81.8907,37.5333],[-81.8868,37.5384],[-81.8845,37.5402],[-81.8769,37.5385],[-81.8706,37.5395],[-81.866,37.5419],[-81.8603,37.5461],[-81.8563,37.5484],[-81.8435,37.549],[-81.84,37.5477],[-81.8375,37.5396],[-81.8339,37.5356],[-81.8293,37.5356],[-81.8281,37.5343],[-81.8268,37.5284],[-81.8278,37.5239],[-81.8311,37.5166],[-81.8264,37.5135],[-81.8217,37.5113],[-81.8182,37.5095],[-81.8124,37.5096],[-81.8054,37.5097],[-81.7996,37.5107],[-81.799,37.5102],[-81.7967,37.5076],[-81.7948,37.504],[-81.7855,37.5027],[-81.7814,37.5028],[-81.7792,37.5056],[-81.7763,37.506],[-81.7722,37.5056],[-81.7681,37.5034],[-81.7641,37.5049],[-81.763,37.5062],[-81.7595,37.5085],[-81.759,37.509],[-81.756,37.5072],[-81.7448,37.4997],[-81.7343,37.4944],[-81.7251,37.4977],[-81.7088,37.4966],[-81.7059,37.4966],[-81.7008,37.503],[-81.6997,37.504],[-81.6956,37.5049],[-81.6869,37.5041],[-81.6846,37.5046],[-81.6835,37.5069],[-81.6859,37.5091],[-81.6871,37.5109],[-81.6883,37.5155],[-81.6866,37.5177],[-81.6832,37.5196],[-81.678,37.5192],[-81.6727,37.5184],[-81.6687,37.5194],[-81.6629,37.5226],[-81.6612,37.5226],[-81.6548,37.5232],[-81.6531,37.5227],[-81.6507,37.5201],[-81.6507,37.5173],[-81.6466,37.5165],[-81.6436,37.5156],[-81.6413,37.5161],[-81.6396,37.5157],[-81.636,37.513],[-81.6337,37.5135],[-81.6338,37.5162],[-81.6332,37.518],[-81.6315,37.519],[-81.6281,37.519],[-81.6246,37.5213],[-81.62,37.5236],[-81.6177,37.5228],[-81.6136,37.5215],[-81.6135,37.5187],[-81.6134,37.5147],[-81.6075,37.5075],[-81.6045,37.5039],[-81.6033,37.4998],[-81.6032,37.4958],[-81.6008,37.4922],[-81.5978,37.4904],[-81.5932,37.4905],[-81.5903,37.4923],[-81.5881,37.4937],[-81.5875,37.4932],[-81.5863,37.491],[-81.5833,37.4892],[-81.5752,37.4911],[-81.5677,37.4908],[-81.5578,37.4909],[-81.5456,37.4879],[-81.5357,37.4867],[-81.5274,37.4786],[-81.525,37.4768],[-81.5199,37.4791],[-81.5117,37.4779],[-81.507,37.4757],[-81.4989,37.4753],[-81.4937,37.4777],[-81.488,37.4809],[-81.4787,37.4806],[-81.4759,37.4842],[-81.4684,37.4852],[-81.4591,37.4849],[-81.4532,37.4813],[-81.4502,37.4764],[-81.4501,37.4728],[-81.4518,37.4673],[-81.4476,37.4614],[-81.4394,37.4579],[-81.4353,37.4534],[-81.4329,37.4507],[-81.4312,37.4521],[-81.429,37.4571],[-81.4255,37.4594],[-81.422,37.4586],[-81.4197,37.4559],[-81.4156,37.4559],[-81.4058,37.4592],[-81.4041,37.4588],[-81.4001,37.462],[-81.3978,37.4647],[-81.3937,37.4639],[-81.3902,37.4603],[-81.3861,37.4599],[-81.3826,37.4595],[-81.3796,37.4541],[-81.3754,37.4464],[-81.3725,37.4437],[-81.3684,37.4424],[-81.3556,37.438],[-81.3457,37.4354],[-81.3375,37.4328],[-81.3306,37.4338],[-81.3265,37.432],[-81.32,37.4262],[-81.3136,37.4253],[-81.3054,37.4227],[-81.3612,37.3364],[-81.363,37.3359],[-81.3642,37.3337],[-81.3675,37.3277],[-81.3708,37.3227],[-81.3743,37.3213],[-81.3795,37.3199],[-81.3812,37.3195],[-81.3841,37.3189],[-81.3858,37.3186],[-81.387,37.3182],[-81.391,37.3163],[-81.3928,37.3147],[-81.3949,37.3125],[-81.3966,37.3099],[-81.3977,37.3065],[-81.3987,37.3032],[-81.401,37.2999],[-81.4026,37.2962],[-81.4049,37.2921],[-81.406,37.2894],[-81.4093,37.283],[-81.4126,37.2784],[-81.414,37.277],[-81.4162,37.2755],[-81.42,37.2724],[-81.4234,37.2718],[-81.4269,37.2709],[-81.4317,37.2708],[-81.4343,37.271],[-81.4361,37.2712],[-81.4384,37.2716],[-81.4408,37.2711],[-81.4436,37.2707],[-81.446,37.2698],[-81.4497,37.2684],[-81.4548,37.265],[-81.4561,37.2642],[-81.4582,37.2627],[-81.461,37.2604],[-81.4633,37.2581],[-81.4656,37.2572],[-81.4685,37.2572],[-81.4719,37.2557],[-81.475,37.2537],[-81.4771,37.2521],[-81.4805,37.2511],[-81.4828,37.2505],[-81.4841,37.2501],[-81.488,37.2506],[-81.4915,37.2528],[-81.4941,37.2548],[-81.4957,37.2555],[-81.497,37.2548],[-81.5002,37.2518],[-81.5019,37.2482],[-81.5025,37.2438],[-81.504,37.24],[-81.5062,37.2363],[-81.5091,37.2333],[-81.5126,37.2314],[-81.5188,37.2281],[-81.5251,37.2262],[-81.532,37.2234],[-81.5366,37.222],[-81.5417,37.2201],[-81.5463,37.2173],[-81.5502,37.2145],[-81.5531,37.2126],[-81.5541,37.2118],[-81.5599,37.208],[-81.6755,37.2028],[-81.6788,37.2032],[-81.6814,37.2057],[-81.683,37.2081],[-81.6861,37.2112],[-81.6866,37.2114],[-81.6901,37.2129],[-81.6931,37.2143],[-81.6972,37.2165],[-81.7024,37.2204],[-81.7049,37.2221],[-81.7089,37.2248],[-81.7142,37.229],[-81.7156,37.2308],[-81.7185,37.2342],[-81.722,37.2372],[-81.7243,37.2384],[-81.7254,37.2387],[-81.7273,37.239],[-81.729,37.2392],[-81.73,37.2392],[-81.7311,37.2392],[-81.7324,37.2392],[-81.7353,37.2391],[-81.7376,37.2391],[-81.7399,37.2392],[-81.7406,37.2397],[-81.7411,37.2401],[-81.7418,37.2419],[-81.7419,37.2442],[-81.7432,37.2487],[-81.7458,37.2577],[-81.7482,37.2622],[-81.7493,37.2636],[-81.7515,37.2661],[-81.7528,37.2671],[-81.7539,37.2679],[-81.7549,37.2685],[-81.7568,37.2697],[-81.758,37.2715],[-81.7586,37.2724],[-81.7598,37.2737],[-81.7614,37.2743],[-81.7621,37.2745],[-81.7654,37.2745],[-81.7679,37.2741],[-81.7714,37.2744],[-81.7731,37.2749],[-81.7759,37.2761],[-81.7788,37.2779],[-81.7797,37.2784],[-81.7823,37.2797],[-81.7887,37.2818],[-81.7945,37.2826],[-81.798,37.2835],[-81.8021,37.2829],[-81.8073,37.2824],[-81.8111,37.2808],[-81.8118,37.2805],[-81.8154,37.2788],[-81.8204,37.2776],[-81.8262,37.2784],[-81.8293,37.28],[-81.8327,37.2824],[-81.8333,37.2828],[-81.8346,37.2835],[-81.8369,37.2844],[-81.8386,37.285],[-81.8415,37.2858],[-81.8432,37.2863],[-81.8446,37.2865],[-81.8456,37.2866],[-81.8475,37.2869],[-81.8504,37.2873],[-81.8514,37.2881],[-81.8526,37.2892],[-81.8532,37.291],[-81.8539,37.2951],[-81.8536,37.2999],[-81.8537,37.3022],[-81.854,37.3028],[-81.8548,37.3037],[-81.8583,37.3045],[-81.8618,37.3049],[-81.8636,37.3067],[-81.8648,37.3085],[-81.8647,37.3114],[-81.8643,37.3129],[-81.8638,37.3148],[-81.8645,37.3175],[-81.8656,37.3188],[-81.868,37.3206],[-81.871,37.322],[-81.8727,37.3241],[-81.8737,37.3253],[-81.8751,37.3268],[-81.8763,37.3286],[-81.8792,37.3303],[-81.8821,37.3304],[-81.885,37.3294],[-81.8896,37.3294],[-81.8913,37.3301],[-81.8939,37.3315],[-81.8963,37.333],[-81.8978,37.3342],[-81.8991,37.3357],[-81.9008,37.3378],[-81.9026,37.3405],[-81.9062,37.3431],[-81.907,37.344],[-81.9079,37.3449],[-81.9107,37.3479],[-81.9133,37.3493],[-81.9159,37.3506],[-81.9165,37.3509],[-81.9186,37.3525],[-81.9194,37.354],[-81.92,37.3549],[-81.9222,37.3569],[-81.9237,37.3581],[-81.9262,37.3605],[-81.9273,37.3621],[-81.9281,37.3648],[-81.9297,37.3671],[-81.9306,37.3695],[-81.9312,37.3711],[-81.9312,37.3729],[-81.9319,37.3745],[-81.9343,37.3797],[-81.9338,37.3817],[-81.9333,37.3853],[-81.9328,37.389],[-81.9317,37.3926],[-81.9298,37.4002],[-81.9297,37.4024],[-81.9292,37.4042],[-81.9274,37.4058],[-81.927,37.4061],[-81.9253,37.4071],[-81.9242,37.4084],[-81.9249,37.4111],[-81.9265,37.4127],[-81.927,37.4133],[-81.9285,37.4147],[-81.932,37.4169],[-81.935,37.42],[-81.9366,37.4241],[-81.9373,37.4261],[-81.9368,37.4306],[-81.9364,37.4324],[-81.9358,37.4352],[-81.9355,37.4362],[-81.9357,37.4379],[-81.937,37.4392],[-81.94,37.4405],[-81.9435,37.4414],[-81.9454,37.4422],[-81.9464,37.4427],[-81.9505,37.4444],[-81.9546,37.4462],[-81.9558,37.4465],[-81.9574,37.4472],[-81.9614,37.4476],[-81.9643,37.4471],[-81.9672,37.447],[-81.969,37.4483],[-81.9703,37.451],[-81.971,37.452],[-81.972,37.4534],[-81.9732,37.4539],[-81.9751,37.4549],[-81.9793,37.4566],[-81.9826,37.4567],[-81.985,37.4566],[-81.9873,37.4584],[-81.9897,37.4611],[-81.9928,37.4655],[-81.9953,37.4714],[-81.9952,37.4759],[-81.9938,37.4791],[-81.9916,37.4814],[-81.9882,37.4839],[-81.9841,37.4852],[-81.9796,37.4863],[-81.9766,37.4875],[-81.9744,37.4884],[-81.9733,37.4891],[-81.9697,37.4908],[-81.9687,37.4912],[-81.9663,37.4922],[-81.9634,37.4927],[-81.9605,37.4928],[-81.9593,37.4925],[-81.9564,37.4919],[-81.9547,37.4921],[-81.9517,37.4924],[-81.9513,37.493],[-81.9496,37.495],[-81.9503,37.4977],[-81.9514,37.4997],[-81.9514,37.5011],[-81.9504,37.5016],[-81.9499,37.5018],[-81.9484,37.502],[-81.947,37.5023],[-81.9455,37.5026],[-81.9445,37.503],[-81.943,37.5051],[-81.9417,37.5071],[-81.9402,37.5083],[-81.9374,37.5098],[-81.9345,37.5108],[-81.9303,37.5133],[-81.9282,37.5141]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"McDowell\",\"state\":\"WV\"}}]}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-06-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"599e9447e4b04935557fe9c1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kozar, Mark D. 0000-0001-7755-7657 mdkozar@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7755-7657","contributorId":1963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kozar","given":"Mark","email":"mdkozar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37280,"text":"Virginia and West Virginia Water Science Center ","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCoy, Kurt J. 0000-0002-9756-8238 kjmccoy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9756-8238","contributorId":1391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCoy","given":"Kurt","email":"kjmccoy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":37280,"text":"Virginia and West Virginia Water Science Center ","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":707945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}