For over a century, ecologists have used the concept of trophic state (TS) to characterize an aquatic ecosystem's biological productivity. However, multiple TS classification schemes, each relying on a variety of measurable parameters as proxies for productivity, have emerged to meet use-specific needs. Frequently, chlorophyll a, phosphorus, and Secchi depth are used to classify TS based on autotrophic production, whereas phosphorus, dissolved organic carbon, and true color are used to classify TS based on both autotrophic and heterotrophic production. Both classification approaches aim to characterize an ecosystem's function broadly, but with varying degrees of autotrophic and heterotrophic processes considered in those characterizations. Moreover, differing classification schemes can create inconsistent interpretations of ecosystem integrity. For example, the US Clean Water Act focuses exclusively on algal threats to water quality, framed in terms of eutrophication in response to nutrient loading. This usage lacks information about non-algal threats to water quality, such as dystrophication in response to dissolved organic carbon loading. Consequently, the TS classification schemes used to identify eutrophication and dystrophication may refer to ecosystems similarly (e.g., oligotrophic and eutrophic), yet these categories are derived from different proxies. These inconsistencies in TS classification schemes may be compounded when interdisciplinary projects employ varied TS frameworks. Even with these shortcomings, TS can still be used to distill information on complex aquatic ecosystem function into a set of generalizable expectations. The usefulness of distilling complex information into a TS index is substantial such that usage inconsistencies should be explicitly addressed and resolved. To emphasize the consequences of diverging TS classification schemes, we present three case studies for which an improved understanding of the TS concept advances freshwater research, management efforts, and interdisciplinary collaboration. To increase clarity in TS, the aquatic sciences could benefit from including information about the proxy variables, ecosystem type, as well as the spatiotemporal domains used to classify TS. As the field of aquatic sciences expands and climatic irregularity increases, we highlight the importance of re-evaluating fundamental concepts, such as TS, to ensure their compatibility with evolving science.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70392","usgsCitation":"Meyer, M.F., Kraemer, B.M., Barbosa, C.C., Cuhna, D.G., Dodds, W., Hampton, S.E., Ordóñez, C., Pilla, R.M., Pollard, A., Culpepper, J.A., Fremier, A.K., King, T.V., Ladwig, R., Leech, D.M., Matsuzaki, S.S., Oleksy, I., Topp, S.N., Woolway, R., Brighenti, L.S., Fickas, K.C., Lanouette, B.P., Ren, J., Werther, M., and Yang, X., 2025, Clarifying the trophic state concept to advance macroscale freshwater science and management: Ecosphere, v. 16, no. 9, e70392, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70392.","productDescription":"e70392, 20 p.","ipdsId":"IP-154125","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37786,"text":"WMA - Observing Systems Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496941,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70392","text":"Publisher Index 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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":912644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Lanouette, Brian P. 0000-0003-2131-8635","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2131-8635","contributorId":344034,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lanouette","given":"Brian","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":82272,"text":"Upper Skagit Indian Tribe","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":912645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Ren, Jianning 0000-0002-5849-2189","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5849-2189","contributorId":304196,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ren","given":"Jianning","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16704,"text":"University of Nevada - Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":912647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22},{"text":"Werther, Mortimer 0000-0002-0775-9285","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0775-9285","contributorId":344035,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Werther","given":"Mortimer","affiliations":[{"id":82274,"text":"Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (EAWAG)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":912648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23},{"text":"Yang, Xiao 0000-0002-0046-832X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0046-832X","contributorId":268230,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yang","given":"Xiao","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":55603,"text":"University of North Carolina Chapel Hill","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":912649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":24}]}} ,{"id":70273270,"text":"70273270 - 2025 - Variation in gene expression across infection status and elevation in a Hawaiian honeycreeper","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-29T16:09:57.481763","indexId":"70273270","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-03T10:05:48","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Variation in gene expression across infection status and elevation in a Hawaiian honeycreeper","docAbstract":"Introduced pathogens exert novel selection on hosts, and although many host species have experienced drastic population declines in the absence of adaptation, some hosts have adapted to highly virulent pathogens. For instance, mosquitoes and Plasmodium relictum introduced to the Hawaiian Islands have resulted in extinctions and catastrophic population declines due to avian malaria, particularly in the diverse clade of Hawaiian honeycreepers. However, some species, such as the Hawai'i 'amakihi (Chlorodrepanis virens), can survive infection. Immunity exists in low-elevation populations where mosquitoes are abundant, whereas high-elevation, unexposed populations of 'amakihi display greatly reduced immunity. To explore the basis of adaptation to P. relictum in low-elevation 'amakihi, we sequenced transcriptomes from 24 low-elevation and 15 high-elevation 'amakihi. We tested for differential gene expression between (i) infected and uninfected birds and (ii) low- and high-elevation birds. Infected birds showed significant differences in expression across many transcripts with diverse cellular functions involved in different pathways of immune response; eight of the top 13 transcripts blasted to genes previously implicated in immunity to malaria in 'amakihi, and 11 have been identified in other infectious disease systems. Thirteen transcripts showed a trend of higher expression in high-elevation birds. These transcripts blasted to genes involved in metabolism, blood coagulation, and immune response. Our results provide increasing support for a subset of genes involved in immunity to malaria in 'amakihi and hint at possible antagonistic interactions between response to pathogens and environmental characteristics associated with elevation. Further work clarifying the nature of these interactions could benefit conservation efforts of Hawaiian honeycreepers in upper elevation refugia that are increasingly subject to malaria exposure.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ece3.72078","usgsCitation":"Cassin-Sackett, L., McClure, K.M., Callicrate, T., Paxton, E.H., and Fleischer, R., 2025, Variation in gene expression across infection status and elevation in a Hawaiian honeycreeper: Ecology and Evolution, v. 15, no. 9, e72078, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.72078.","productDescription":"e72078, 20 p.","ipdsId":"IP-176601","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498273,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.72078","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":498147,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Island of Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.43131657241724,\n 19.902375791429492\n ],\n [\n -155.43131657241724,\n 19.300971730675755\n ],\n [\n -154.7972264794636,\n 19.300971730675755\n ],\n [\n -154.7972264794636,\n 19.902375791429492\n ],\n [\n -155.43131657241724,\n 19.902375791429492\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"15","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cassin-Sackett, Loren","contributorId":364635,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cassin-Sackett","given":"Loren","affiliations":[{"id":63963,"text":"University of Louisiana","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":952973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McClure, Katherine Maria 0000-0001-8595-7677","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8595-7677","contributorId":332279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McClure","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"Maria","affiliations":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Callicrate, Taylor","contributorId":364636,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Callicrate","given":"Taylor","affiliations":[{"id":37784,"text":"Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":952975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Paxton, Eben H. 0000-0001-5578-7689","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5578-7689","contributorId":19640,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paxton","given":"Eben","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fleischer, Robert C.","contributorId":258062,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fleischer","given":"Robert C.","affiliations":[{"id":52221,"text":"Center for Conservation Genomics, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":952977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70271988,"text":"70271988 - 2025 - Assessment of natural gas pipeline construction on stream temperature and turbidity in southwestern Virginia, 2017—25","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-30T14:49:26.570352","indexId":"70271988","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-03T09:41:16","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":27,"text":"Preprint"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":32,"text":"Preprint"},"seriesTitle":{"id":18346,"text":"EarthArXiv","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":32}},"title":"Assessment of natural gas pipeline construction on stream temperature and turbidity in southwestern Virginia, 2017—25","docAbstract":"The natural gas pipeline network in the United States is extensive and often intersects streams and other sensitive habitats, yet there are limited case studies utilizing a comparative upstream-downstream approach to evaluate potential short- and long-term effects of pipeline stream crossing construction from pre-construction to post-site restoration. In 2017, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ), deployed real-time continuous stream monitoring stations upstream and downstream of six proposed Mountain Valley Pipeline (MVP) stream crossings in southwestern Virginia. Water temperature and turbidity data collected at the upstream and downstream sites were compared across three periods – before crossing construction, during crossing construction, and after crossing construction – to elucidate potential impacts from the stream crossing construction. Additionally, the monitoring network was utilized to notify regulators of potentially anomalous conditions throughout the entire monitoring period.
Results of this study indicate (1) at all six monitored streams, pipeline stream crossing construction did not affect long-term or short-term upstream-to-downstream water temperature conditions; (2) pipeline stream crossing construction did not affect long-term upstream-to-downstream turbidity conditions in all six monitored streams. Some short-term anomalously elevated turbidity conditions were observed and attributable to pipeline stream crossing construction; however, the duration and magnitude were not sufficient to alter the long-term turbidity regime of the streams in which they were observed; and (3) the application of the monitoring network as a real-time alert system successfully alerted regulators to potentially anomalous conditions.
Traditional remote sensing retrieval models for water quality have historically relied on limited, localized data sets due to the prohibitive costs of extensive field campaigns and logistical challenges of collecting match-up data with satellite overpasses. As a result, these models often lack generalizability across seasons, tides, and sites. Furthermore, small field data sets limit the utility of modern machine learning techniques to advance remote sensing retrieval models. In situ optical sensors deployed in a sensor network to continuously monitor larger water bodies can drastically increase the number of measurements, providing the opportunity to develop new approaches for building robust remote sensing retrieval models by leveraging both remote sensing data and in situ networks as an integrated monitoring system. This study leverages a large “ground-to-space” sensor network that combines an in situ optical sensor network with satellite-based remote sensing to overcome these limitations. Utilizing a large-scale data set from the U.S. Geological Survey's Sacramento—San Joaquin River Delta monitoring network, of dissolved organic matter fluorescence measurements, and remote sensing data from the European Space Agency's Sentinel-2A and -2B satellites, this study implemented a data driven approach for dissolved organic matter models. The data set, consisting of 982 samples collected between 2018 and 2021 was used to train and validate a random forest model (R2 = 0.76, RMSE = 6.1 Quinine Sulfate Equivalents), with demonstrated applicability across diverse site conditions, tidal stages, and seasons. This work provides a scalable solution to address critical challenges in water quality monitoring and offers a replicable framework for global water quality management.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2024EA004048","usgsCitation":"Avouris, D., Hestir, E.L., Fleck, J., Hansen, J.A., and Bergamaschi, B.A., 2025, An integrated sensor network and data driven approach to satellite remote sensing of dissolved organic matter: Earth and Space Science, v. 12, no. 12, e2024EA004048, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2024EA004048.","productDescription":"e2024EA004048, 19 p.","ipdsId":"IP-172592","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":495389,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024ea004048","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":495247,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Calfornia","otherGeospatial":"Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.34190472520478,\n 37.92367880802452\n ],\n [\n -121.34190472520478,\n 38.5486708617789\n ],\n [\n -121.98676504474714,\n 38.5486708617789\n ],\n [\n -121.98676504474714,\n 37.92367880802452\n ],\n [\n -121.34190472520478,\n 37.92367880802452\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Avouris, Dulcinea Marie 0000-0001-5797-3960","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5797-3960","contributorId":335170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Avouris","given":"Dulcinea Marie","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":948141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hestir, Erin L","contributorId":361027,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hestir","given":"Erin","middleInitial":"L","affiliations":[{"id":38695,"text":"University of California Merced","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":948142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fleck, Jacob 0000-0002-3217-3972 jafleck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3217-3972","contributorId":168694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleck","given":"Jacob","email":"jafleck@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":948143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hansen, Jeffrey A. 0000-0002-2185-1686","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2185-1686","contributorId":205441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":948144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bergamaschi, Brian A. 0000-0002-9610-5581 bbergama@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9610-5581","contributorId":140776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergamaschi","given":"Brian","email":"bbergama@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":948145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70271333,"text":"70271333 - 2025 - Impacts of lake elevation decline on spawning habitat of a critical, native forage species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-01T16:30:30.860959","indexId":"70271333","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-03T08:18:53","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impacts of lake elevation decline on spawning habitat of a critical, native forage species","docAbstract":"Objective
Lake elevation decline is a global phenomenon with pronounced effects in arid regions that changes the characteristics of nearshore habitat area available to lacustrine spawners, potentially impacting recruitment and whole-lake food web dynamics. Our objective was to understand the potential effects of lake elevation decline on spawning habitat for the Tui Chub Siphateles bicolor, a lacustrine spawner and critical component of the native food web in Pyramid Lake, Nevada.
Methods
We explored the distribution of ripe Tui Chub in nearshore habitat by associating habitat characteristics to ripe Tui Chub CPUE from a custom gill-net configuration, with data analyzed using generalized linear mixed-effects models. We then explored potential spawning habitat availability at all potential lake elevations using an elevation-explicit model of the basin that we developed based on several bathymetric and geospatial data sets and the knowledge of spawner distribution gained in the first component of the study.
Results
Ripe Tui Chub catch was primarily predicted by temperature, reaching a maximum between 14.2°C and 24.8°C found at less than 15 m of depth in Pyramid Lake throughout the summer spawning period. We estimated that with a contemporary decline in lake elevation of 8 m, Pyramid Lake will host the minimum area of spawning habitat based on morphometry alone at a 40% decrease from a theoretical maximum.
Conclusions
A decrease in lake elevation or an increase in lake temperatures—both of which are probable events based on future climate scenarios and estimates of water extraction upstream of Pyramid Lake—is likely to further restrict Tui Chub spawning habitat area. Our results have important implications for ecological water demand in Pyramid Lake and provide managers with information facilitating a science-based approach to managing the fish community.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1093/tafafs/vnaf034","usgsCitation":"Barnes, S., Al-Chokhachy, R., and Budy, P., 2025, Impacts of lake elevation decline on spawning habitat of a critical, native forage species: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 154, no. 6, p. 640-656, https://doi.org/10.1093/tafafs/vnaf034.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"640","endPage":"656","ipdsId":"IP-161347","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":495220,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Pyramid Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.72328588180102,\n 40.234157713420586\n ],\n [\n -119.72328588180102,\n 39.842701658708876\n ],\n [\n -119.32079294757592,\n 39.842701658708876\n ],\n [\n -119.32079294757592,\n 40.234157713420586\n ],\n [\n -119.72328588180102,\n 40.234157713420586\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"154","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barnes, Sarah","contributorId":360982,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barnes","given":"Sarah","affiliations":[{"id":6682,"text":"Utah State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":948072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Al-Chokhachy, Robert 0000-0002-2136-5098","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2136-5098","contributorId":216140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Al-Chokhachy","given":"Robert","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":948073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Budy, Phaedra E. 0000-0002-9918-1678 pbudy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9918-1678","contributorId":140028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Budy","given":"Phaedra","email":"pbudy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":948074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70271319,"text":"70271319 - 2025 - Clarifying the trophic state concept to advance macroscale freshwater science and management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-05T14:59:00.832743","indexId":"70271319","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-03T07:49:56","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Clarifying the trophic state concept to advance macroscale freshwater science and management","docAbstract":"For over a century, ecologists have used the concept of trophic state (TS) to characterize an aquatic ecosystem's biological productivity. However, multiple TS classification schemes, each relying on a variety of measurable parameters as proxies for productivity, have emerged to meet use-specific needs. Frequently, chlorophyll a, phosphorus, and Secchi depth are used to classify TS based on autotrophic production, whereas phosphorus, dissolved organic carbon, and true color are used to classify TS based on both autotrophic and heterotrophic production. Both classification approaches aim to characterize an ecosystem's function broadly, but with varying degrees of autotrophic and heterotrophic processes considered in those characterizations. Moreover, differing classification schemes can create inconsistent interpretations of ecosystem integrity. For example, the US Clean Water Act focuses exclusively on algal threats to water quality, framed in terms of eutrophication in response to nutrient loading. This usage lacks information about non-algal threats to water quality, such as dystrophication in response to dissolved organic carbon loading. Consequently, the TS classification schemes used to identify eutrophication and dystrophication may refer to ecosystems similarly (e.g., oligotrophic and eutrophic), yet these categories are derived from different proxies. These inconsistencies in TS classification schemes may be compounded when interdisciplinary projects employ varied TS frameworks. Even with these shortcomings, TS can still be used to distill information on complex aquatic ecosystem function into a set of generalizable expectations. The usefulness of distilling complex information into a TS index is substantial such that usage inconsistencies should be explicitly addressed and resolved. To emphasize the consequences of diverging TS classification schemes, we present three case studies for which an improved understanding of the TS concept advances freshwater research, management efforts, and interdisciplinary collaboration. To increase clarity in TS, the aquatic sciences could benefit from including information about the proxy variables, ecosystem type, as well as the spatiotemporal domains used to classify TS. As the field of aquatic sciences expands and climatic irregularity increases, we highlight the importance of re-evaluating fundamental concepts, such as TS, to ensure their compatibility with evolving science.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70392","usgsCitation":"Meyer, M.F., Kraemer, B.M., Barbosa, C.C., Cuhna, D.G., Dodds, W., Hampton, S.E., Ordóñez, C., Pilla, R.M., Pollard, A., Culpepper, J.A., Fremier, A.K., King, T.V., Ladwig, R., Leech, D.M., Matsuzaki, S.S., Oleksy, I., Topp, S.N., Woolway, R.I., Brighenti, L.S., Fickas, K., Lanouette, B.P., Ren, J., Werther, M., and Yang, X., 2025, Clarifying the trophic state concept to advance macroscale freshwater science and management: Ecosphere, v. 16, no. 9, e70392, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70392.","productDescription":"e70392, 20 p.","ipdsId":"IP-179274","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":495377,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70392","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":495285,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P14KNKHD","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Clarifying the trophic state concept to advance macroscale freshwater science and management"},{"id":495197,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meyer, Michael Frederick 0000-0002-8034-9434 mmeyer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8034-9434","contributorId":304191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"Michael","email":"mmeyer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Frederick","affiliations":[{"id":37786,"text":"WMA - 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In this study, annotation data were transformed into semantic graph triples, mainly for use with the Resource Description Framework (RDF), a type of entity-relationship-attribute data model for graph databases. The transformation of annotation data to semantic graph triples provides complex linguistic meaning with data handling advantages such as reduced data storage needs, improved logical specification of relations between objects, and reusable classes and properties that support logic and inference. A grammar-based framework in graph form supports user questions and queries.
The words defining approximately 334 topographic feature types compiled by the U.S. Geological Survey were tokenized as units of analysis and grouped by part of speech. Their dependency relations were identified for this study using natural language processing libraries. Dependency concepts are used as structured semantic relations among part-of-speech classes. Tokens, units equivalent to words, form instances of classes and were quantified within a tabular output format using PostgreSQL data storage software. Table data were logically aligned as triples following a mapping file and stored with an ontology file using Ontop virtual triplestore software. A grammar ontology schema for the data was synchronized to match queries whose results validated the graph’s structure. The text analysis produced 8 part-of-speech classes of content words for object representations and 4 classes of function words for operational applications. Dependency relations formed 27 ontology properties for topographic subgraph structures. Token occurrences shaped overall ontology salience and formed a lexicon of syntactic terms for subgraph objects and properties. The schema ontology of class and property population shapes formed the lexicon of English terms. SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language (SPARQL) was used with the lexicon to conform data to RDF guidelines.
This study confirms the hypothesis that although linguistic logic varies from description logic, its approximation applies to ontology design. Property and query use case patterns extracted from the analysis support queries concerning complex topographic relations and patterns normally embedded within text definitions. The method used in this study could be applied to text forms in other domains, such as survey notes.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20255064","programNote":"National Geospatial Program","usgsCitation":"Varanka, D.E., and Abbott, E., 2025, Grammar to graph—An approach for semantic transformation of annotations to triples: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2025–5064, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20255064.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 20 p.; Data Release","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-150174","costCenters":[{"id":5074,"text":"Center for Geospatial Information Science (CEGIS)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":494546,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5064/sir20255064.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.49 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2025-5064"},{"id":494604,"rank":5,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5064/sir20255064.xml"},{"id":494603,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5064/images"},{"id":494547,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P1BDPXKZ","text":"USGS data release","description":"Data release associated with SIR 2025-5064","linkHelpText":"Grammar transformations of topographic feature type annotations of the U.S. to structured graph data"},{"id":494545,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5064/coverthb.jpg","text":"Report"},{"id":495126,"rank":6,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20255064/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"SIR 2025-5064"}],"contact":"Director, National Geospatial Technical Operations Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, Mail Stop 510
Denver, Colorado 80225-0046
Symbiodiniaceae-associated microbiota strongly influence cnidarian symbioses. We systematically reduced the bacterial and fungal communities associated with Symbiodiniaceae to study potential effects on the cnidarian holobiont Exaiptasia diaphana (Aiptasia). Clonal anemones were inoculated with xenic Breviolum minutum (SSB01) and microbiome-manipulated cultures after antibacterial or antifungal treatment. The asexual reproduction of pedal laceration allowed for three generations of clonal aposymbiotic Aiptasia to be utilised in this study, from the initial adult generation (G0), to the first (G1), and second (G2) generation. We inoculated small and large G1 Aiptasia with SSB01 algae and monitored onset of symbiosis, rate of algal proliferation, and holobiont characteristics. Sequencing the 16S and 18S rRNA gene regions identified significant differences in the bacterial and fungal communities of the G0 and G1 generations, alongside differences between the size classes of small and large G1 anemones. The microbiome of larger G1 individuals was distinct to the smaller G1 anemones, suggesting a microbiome maturation process. Control Breviolum minutum cultures exhibited a significantly greater proliferation rate in large G1 anemones when compared to antibacterial or antifungal treated cultures, whereas the opposite trend was documented in the small G1 anemones. Although no differences were observed between algal photochemical parameters, or the growth and polyp activity of G1 juveniles, we observed a significant influence in the production of G2 clones between treatments. Overall, we provide strong ecological implications of manipulating Symbiodiniaceae microbiome, not for the algae themselves, but for the maturation of the host Aiptasia, as well as for the cnidarian holobiont over multiple generations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/ismejo/wraf189","usgsCitation":"Mccauley, M., Montesanto, F., Bedgood, S.A., Miner, C., Plichon, K., Weis, V.M., and Loesgen, S., 2025, Manipulation of the Symbiodiniaceae microbiome confers multigenerational impacts on symbioses and reproductive ecology of its Exaiptasia diaphana host: The ISME Journal, v. 19, no. 1, wraf189, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1093/ismejo/wraf189.","productDescription":"wraf189, 14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-180949","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497741,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ismejo/wraf189","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":497644,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mccauley, Mark 0000-0001-5347-6860","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5347-6860","contributorId":357083,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mccauley","given":"Mark","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Montesanto, Federica","contributorId":364337,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Montesanto","given":"Federica","affiliations":[{"id":86810,"text":"Whitney Laboratory for Marine Bioscience, University of Florida, St. Augustine, Florida, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":952550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bedgood, Samuel A.","contributorId":364338,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bedgood","given":"Samuel","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":86811,"text":"Department of Integrative Biology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":952551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Miner, Cody","contributorId":364339,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miner","given":"Cody","affiliations":[{"id":86810,"text":"Whitney Laboratory for Marine Bioscience, University of Florida, St. Augustine, Florida, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":952552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Plichon, Keyla","contributorId":364340,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Plichon","given":"Keyla","affiliations":[{"id":86811,"text":"Department of Integrative Biology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":952553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Weis, Virginia M.","contributorId":364341,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weis","given":"Virginia","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":86811,"text":"Department of Integrative Biology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":952554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Loesgen, Sandra","contributorId":364342,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Loesgen","given":"Sandra","affiliations":[{"id":86810,"text":"Whitney Laboratory for Marine Bioscience, University of Florida, St. Augustine, Florida, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":952555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70271701,"text":"70271701 - 2025 - Satellite tracking reveals heavy use of local MPAs by green turtles (Chelonia mydas) nesting in southeast Florida, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-19T14:49:14.117443","indexId":"70271701","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-02T09:44:34","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2660,"text":"Marine Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Satellite tracking reveals heavy use of local MPAs by green turtles (Chelonia mydas) nesting in southeast Florida, USA","title":"Satellite tracking reveals heavy use of local MPAs by green turtles (Chelonia mydas) nesting in southeast Florida, USA","docAbstract":"Florida hosts a regionally important nesting aggregation of green turtles (Chelonia mydas) in the North Atlantic, yet internesting and post-nesting movements for this rookery remain poorly understood. Here, we used satellite telemetry to track 23 green turtles nesting on southeast Florida beaches from 2017 to 2021 to investigate their spatial ecology and use of marine protected areas (MPAs) during internesting, migration, and foraging. Marine protected areas are widely used in marine conservation and can be powerful tools for managing species and protecting biodiversity. During internesting, turtles used nearshore, unprotected coastal waters adjacent to the study site. After the nesting season, turtles migrated 24.1 to 203.5 km to previously identified foraging grounds, including areas within Biscayne National Park and Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary, as well as a high-use but unprotected area off Cape Sable, Florida. Throughout the internesting and foraging periods, turtles exhibited little spatial overlap of core-use areas, suggesting limited space-use sharing even in high-density regions. This study provides the first satellite telemetry dataset for green turtles from southeast Florida and reveals their strong reliance on a relatively small MPA network along southwest Florida. Our findings underscore how these MPAs can support conservation efforts for Florida’s overall green turtle nesting population, while further emphasizing the potential benefits of expanded protections in key areas to safeguard regionally important green turtle habitat.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1007/s00227-025-04694-5","usgsCitation":"Goodwin, G.D., Hart, K., Evans, A.C., and Burkholder, D.A., 2025, Satellite tracking reveals heavy use of local MPAs by green turtles (Chelonia mydas) nesting in southeast Florida, USA: Marine Biology, v. 172, no. 10, 153, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-025-04694-5.","productDescription":"153, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-173964","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":495795,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83,\n 26.5\n ],\n [\n -83,\n 24\n ],\n [\n -80,\n 24\n ],\n [\n -80,\n 26.5\n ],\n [\n -83,\n 26.5\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"172","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goodwin, Glenn D.","contributorId":361599,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goodwin","given":"Glenn","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":81512,"text":"Halmos College of Arts and Sciences, Nova Southeastern University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hart, Kristen 0000-0002-5257-7974","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5257-7974","contributorId":222407,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"Kristen","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Evans, Abby C.","contributorId":361600,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Evans","given":"Abby","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":81512,"text":"Halmos College of Arts and Sciences, Nova Southeastern University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Burkholder, Derek A. 0000-0001-6315-6932","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6315-6932","contributorId":289783,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burkholder","given":"Derek","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":62249,"text":"Halmos College of Natural Sciences and Oceanography, Department of Marine and Environmental Science, Nova Southeastern University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70273218,"text":"70273218 - 2025 - A scientific vision and roadmap for earthquake rupture forecast developments, a USGS perspective","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-22T15:16:05.64178","indexId":"70273218","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-02T08:07:40","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A scientific vision and roadmap for earthquake rupture forecast developments, a USGS perspective","docAbstract":"We articulate a scientific vision and roadmap for the development of improved Earthquake Rupture Forecast models, which are one of the two main modeling components used in modern seismic hazard and risk analysis. One primary future objective is to provide fully time-dependent models that include both elastic rebound and spatiotemporal clustering nationwide, which is particularly important for shorter-term hazard and risk considerations (e.g., earthquake insurance products). We also discuss the importance and perennial challenges associated with quantifying epistemic uncertainties, including those associated with deformation-model slip rates, un-quantified sampling errors with respect to off-fault seismicity, and any spatial covariances. The need for more physics-based approaches is also emphasized, as is the benefit of adding model valuation (quantifying usefulness) to our verification and validation protocols. Given the multidisciplinary and system-level nature of this activity, modular design is critical. Future updates will also draw from best-available science by both the United States Geological Survey and the external community. The primary goal of this paper is to highlight plans that guide research and facilitate community engagement with model development, especially with respect to lowering the entry barrier for early career scientists and engineers. The paper is written so readers can focus on the sections that interest them most (see table of contents), with the Introduction and Discussion providing a stand-alone overview and summary.","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120240217","usgsCitation":"Field, E.H., Hatem, A.E., Shaw, B.E., Page, M.T., Mai, P.M., Milner, K., Llenos, A.L., Michael, A.J., Pollitz, F., Jobe, J.A., Parsons, T.E., Zielke, O., Shelly, D.R., Gabriel, A., McPhillips, D., Briggs, R.W., Cochran, E.S., Luco, N., Petersen, M.D., Powers, P.M., Rubinstein, J., Shumway, A., van der Elst, N., Zeng, Y., DuRoss, C., and Altekruse, J.M., 2025, A scientific vision and roadmap for earthquake rupture forecast developments, a USGS perspective: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 115, no. 6, p. 2523-2552, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120240217.","productDescription":"30 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The ECCOE Landsat Cal/Val Team continually monitors the geometric and radiometric performance of active Landsat missions and makes calibration adjustments, as needed, to maintain data quality at the highest level.
This report provides observed geometric and radiometric analysis results for Landsats 8 and 9 for quarter 1 (January–March) of 2025. All data used to compile the Cal/Val analysis results presented in this report are freely available from the U.S. Geological Survey EarthExplorer website: https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov.
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U.S. Geological Survey
47914 252nd Street
Sioux Falls, SD 57198
The U.S. Geological Survey Earth Resources Observation and Science Calibration and Validation Center of Excellence Team assesses and calibrates Landsat remote-sensing data to ensure high-quality data products are publicly available. These data products are used to make informed decisions about natural resources and the environment. This report is part of a series of quarterly reports intended to provide updated observed geometric and radiometric analysis results for Landsats 8 and 9.
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versus capture surveys","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-02T17:21:47.13324","indexId":"70272642","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-01T11:17:21","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fish composition in a complex freshwater estuary: Environmental DNA metabarcoding versus capture surveys","docAbstract":"The potential for environmental DNA (eDNA) to disperse widely from source organisms enables high detection efficiency but raises questions about eDNA's ability to differentiate fine-scale spatial patterns relative to conventional fish capture data.
We evaluate these questions in the St. Louis River estuary—a hydrologically and spatially complex coastal system within Lake Superior that supports a diverse assemblage of resident and migratory fish species—via comparison of eDNA metabarcoding (12S and 16S loci) to multigear capture survey data from 2 years and two seasons.
The eDNA and capture surveys collectively yielded 68 fish species: 2 species detected only by capture, 27 detected only by eDNA, and 39 shared across both survey types but having generally higher occurrence frequencies with eDNA than capture. Six species detected only by eDNA were unexpected, having no prior records in the Lake Superior basin. Data from paired eDNA and capture stations showed little relationship between the two survey types, with capture yielding species at stations that eDNA did not, eDNA detecting species in different habitats and distant locations from any captures, and assemblage patterns homogenized in eDNA surveys relative to capture surveys.
Our study finds that eDNA is a sensitive tool for assessing species presence at the system scale but that capture surveys may better yield the fine-scale spatial distribution information of interest to fisheries and habitat managers, especially in spatially and hydrologically complex systems.
No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"The 2024 annual report of the International Red River Watershed Board","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"International Joint Commission","usgsCitation":"Thomas, D., 2025, USGS water resource investigations and activities: Annual Report, v. 25, 15 p.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"88","endPage":"102","ipdsId":"IP-179575","costCenters":[{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":501179,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":501178,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ijc.org/en/rrb/irrwb-annual-report-2024"}],"volume":"25","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thomas, Daniel C 0009-0005-7051-9670","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7051-9670","contributorId":357351,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"Daniel C","affiliations":[{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":941274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70272662,"text":"70272662 - 2025 - Critical mineral inventory of select IOA-IOCG deposits, southwestern USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-03T16:19:12.788724","indexId":"70272662","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-01T10:11:28","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Critical mineral inventory of select IOA-IOCG deposits, southwestern USA","docAbstract":"Critical minerals are necessary for modern technology and strategic purposes. Their increasing importance requires finding new and nontraditional resources. Samples of ore, altered, and unaltered host rock were collected from 26 iron mines and prospects in California, Nevada, and Utah to assess the potential of these deposits to host economic quantities of different critical minerals. Geochemical analyses were conducted by 61 element ICP-OES-MS sodium peroxide fusion and major elements determined by WDXRF. These deposits concentrated many critical minerals beyond what is found in average upper crustal abundances, such as Sb, As, Bi, Co, Ga, Mg, Mn, Ni, Nb, Pd, REE, Sc, Te, Sn, Ti, W, V, and Zn. However, most of these are not concentrated enough in the ore to be considered as economic resources. Those critical minerals that are enriched enough in some of these deposits to possibly be considered as by-product commodities are Ni, REE, V, and potentially Co and Ga. These enrichments were not uniform, with REE more likely to be enriched in IOA deposits, whereas Co, Ga, Ni, and V could be found enriched in either IOA or IOCG deposits.","conferenceTitle":"18th SGA Biennial Meeting","conferenceDate":"August 3-7, 2025","conferenceLocation":"Golden, CO","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Geology Applied to Mineral Deposits","usgsCitation":"Taylor, R., Meighan, C.J., and Hofstra, A.H., 2025, Critical mineral inventory of select IOA-IOCG deposits, southwestern USA, 18th SGA Biennial Meeting, v. 3, Golden, CO, August 3-7, 2025, p. 963-966.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"963","endPage":"966","ipdsId":"IP-176357","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497013,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":497012,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.e-sga.org/publications/conference-proceedings"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada, Utah","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.96837443642112,\n 32.704121200218324\n ],\n [\n -114.90627175927149,\n 35.276512718803005\n ],\n [\n -113.85778870259917,\n 36.75952704897722\n ],\n [\n -111.12601522383044,\n 37.041029453418844\n ],\n [\n -111.18086370424344,\n 38.21185945627386\n ],\n [\n -113.95734086339156,\n 38.55172394057118\n ],\n [\n -113.9625620365557,\n 41.846893445470926\n ],\n [\n -120.18862063281,\n 42.02269387816904\n ],\n [\n -121.46065541607419,\n 41.96050209334149\n ],\n [\n -121.80133036685531,\n 39.645958588292274\n ],\n [\n -114.96837443642112,\n 32.704121200218324\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Taylor, Ryan D. 0000-0002-8845-5290","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8845-5290","contributorId":201948,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Ryan D.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meighan, Corey J. 0000-0002-5668-1621 cmeighan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5668-1621","contributorId":5892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meighan","given":"Corey","email":"cmeighan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hofstra, Albert H. 0000-0002-2450-1593 ahofstra@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2450-1593","contributorId":1302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hofstra","given":"Albert","email":"ahofstra@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70272004,"text":"70272004 - 2025 - Assessing diet and genotyping success of goat pellet surveys from 2019 in Glacier National Park","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-30T15:06:54.506965","indexId":"70272004","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-01T10:03:46","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"displayTitle":"Assessing Diet and Genotyping Success of Goat Pellet Surveys from 2019 in Glacier National Park","title":"Assessing diet and genotyping success of goat pellet surveys from 2019 in Glacier National Park","docAbstract":"Fecal pellets contain genetic information and can be used to identify individuals, their diet, and more. Individual identification can be useful in understanding movements of individuals, developing population estimates, assessing vital rates, genetic diversity and structure, and evaluating trends over time (e.g., Epps et al 2024). Successful genotyping depends on the quality of the sample, which can be influenced by many things including the initial state of the sample, environmental conditions that the pellets were exposed to, and the method of storage.
The diet of mountain goats (Oreamnos americanus) is hard to study as they are habitat specialists in some of the most remote and rugged alpine environments (Festa-Bianchet & Côté 2012). These iconic ungulates epitomize the renowned wilderness character of Glacier National Park (GNP), yet the population has declined by 45% since 2008 likely due at least in part to changing climate (Graves et al. 2025). This is well above the International Union for the Conservation of Nature’s population decline criterion used to designate a species as vulnerable (IUCN 2012).
Mountain goats are known as dietary generalists employing highly variable diets across systems, but diets have not been identified for GNP. Identifying goat diet composition in GNP can provide the information needed to determine whether this population decline could be related to climate-change induced shifts in forage phenology, diversity, productivity, and plant community structure. Other anthropogenic changes in GNP, such as increases in exotic and invasive plant species, will continue to affect plant community composition (Lesica et al. 1993). These alterations may reduce optimal forage availability and quality, which could have a deleterious effect on mountain goat survival. To examine these possibilities, we must first ask- What precisely are the mountain goats of Glacier National Park eating?
DNA metabarcoding of fecal pellets provides a cutting-edge, non-invasive method for assessing herbivore diet. Previous studies of mountain goat diet have used methods such as fecal crude protein analysis (Festa-Bianchet & Côté 2012), rumen analysis (Saunders 1955), fecal microhistology (Cobb et al. 2012), and bite-for-bite feeding observations (Daily et al. 1984). Many of these studies have only been able to identify diet components to functional plant type and the methods used are biased towards less digestible diet components such as grasses (McInnis et al. 1983). Metabarcoding of fecal pellets can provide a higher taxonomic resolution than previous methods (Scasta et al. 2019, Stapleton et al. 2022) and open the field for increased participation of volunteers, also called community or citizen scientists.
Here, we use mountain goat fecal pellets to conduct 1) an evaluation of which conditions might influence genotyping success and 2) a preliminary assessment of diet using metabarcoding. This pilot study allowed us to evaluate which pellets to focus on collecting, identify the best storage methods, explore approaches for analyzing metabarcoding data, examine the utility of metabarcoding for acquiring taxonomically specific diet information, and to identify genetic sequences that could not be resolved to genus or species levels using these methods. We examined the frequency of occurrence and relative diet composition of identified forbs, shrubs, graminoids, mosses, and trees in mountain goat diets.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Scoresby, S., Dose, L.M., Belt, J., and Graves, T., 2025, Assessing diet and genotyping success of goat pellet surveys from 2019 in Glacier National Park, 23 p.","productDescription":"23 p.","ipdsId":"IP-174564","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496262,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":496254,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://irma.nps.gov/DataStore/Reference/Profile/2311387"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Glacier National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.60109929508316,\n 49.00250961037867\n ],\n [\n -114.47247108032799,\n 49.00250961037867\n ],\n [\n -114.08980516405627,\n 48.48262143393191\n ],\n [\n -113.89155655683145,\n 48.4856773542281\n ],\n [\n -113.53655323691696,\n 48.22526656841134\n ],\n [\n -113.20921251335938,\n 48.41534459946189\n ],\n [\n -113.60109929508316,\n 49.00250961037867\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scoresby, Salix","contributorId":352228,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scoresby","given":"Salix","affiliations":[{"id":84134,"text":"Contractor, USGS (Northern Arizona University)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dose, Lindsay M","contributorId":361945,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dose","given":"Lindsay","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":27609,"text":"Contractor to USGS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Belt, Jami","contributorId":177314,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Belt","given":"Jami","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":949693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Graves, Tabitha A. 0000-0001-5145-2400","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5145-2400","contributorId":202084,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graves","given":"Tabitha A.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70272285,"text":"70272285 - 2025 - Disturbance is the primary determinant of food chain length when the top predator is constant","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-11-20T16:30:30.424268","indexId":"70272285","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-01T09:24:13","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2299,"text":"Journal of Freshwater Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Disturbance is the primary determinant of food chain length when the top predator is constant","docAbstract":"Food chain length (FCL) is a primary determinant of food web structure and is hypothesized to be influenced by habitat size, productivity, and disturbance. Understanding the environmental characteristics that determine food chain length can assist in understanding how food webs may be impacted due to changes in habitats and environmental characteristics. This study examines the impact of hydrologic disturbance on stream food webs when the top predator is constant. We analyzed FCL in less disturbed groundwater flashy streams and more disturbed runoff flashy streams using stable isotopes. Despite no difference in species richness or fish density, food chains in more disturbed streams had a lower FCL compared to food chains in more stable streams. Assemblage analysis showed that flow regime and drainage area significantly impacted individual species abundances. The more disturbed runoff flashy streams had higher proportions of primary consumer fish, such as the algivorous Campostoma sp. (Stonerollers), which likely drives the reduced FCL. Drainage area and land cover had non-significant relationships with FCL. Shifting community structure due to hydrologic variability likely leads to differences in diet of Micropterus dolomieu (Smallmouth Bass), and thus a difference in FCL.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/02705060.2025.2552789","usgsCitation":"Sorensen, S.F., and Magoulick, D.D., 2025, Disturbance is the primary determinant of food chain length when the top predator is constant: Journal of Freshwater Ecology, v. 40, no. 1, 2552789, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1080/02705060.2025.2552789.","productDescription":"2552789, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-158669","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496764,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02705060.2025.2552789","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":496698,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas, Missouri, Oklahoma","otherGeospatial":"Boston Mountains, Ozark Highlands","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.36140202738136,\n 36.86778775165942\n ],\n [\n -95.16750642659139,\n 35.284730700987836\n ],\n [\n -90.54968868524054,\n 35.4188870788884\n ],\n [\n -89.35998010774131,\n 36.86867805963976\n ],\n [\n -92.3624285247389,\n 37.51630205547987\n ],\n [\n -93.33606079252797,\n 37.097059236951665\n ],\n [\n -94.36140202738136,\n 36.86778775165942\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"40","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sorensen, Sarah F.","contributorId":362643,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sorensen","given":"Sarah","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":6623,"text":"University of Arkansas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Magoulick, Daniel D. 0000-0001-9665-5957 danmag@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9665-5957","contributorId":2513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Magoulick","given":"Daniel","email":"danmag@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70273401,"text":"70273401 - 2025 - Newly released Grand Canyon flash flood incident report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-12T16:09:12.732432","indexId":"70273401","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-01T09:22:30","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":25,"text":"Newsletter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":30,"text":"Newsletter"},"seriesTitle":{"id":8569,"text":"Boatman's Quarterly Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":30}},"title":"Newly released Grand Canyon flash flood incident report","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Grand Canyon River Guides","usgsCitation":"Byerley, E.P., 2025, Newly released Grand Canyon flash flood incident report: Boatman's Quarterly Review, v. 38, no. 3.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"13","ipdsId":"IP-181804","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498535,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.gcrg.org/bqr"},{"id":498549,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Grand Canyon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.37659635793055,\n 36.92768493688186\n ],\n [\n -114.02194696398374,\n 36.92768493688186\n ],\n [\n -114.02194696398374,\n 35.784272392896824\n ],\n [\n -111.37659635793055,\n 35.784272392896824\n ],\n [\n -111.37659635793055,\n 36.92768493688186\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"38","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Byerley, Erica Paige 0009-0003-8483-7528","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8483-7528","contributorId":333657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Byerley","given":"Erica","email":"","middleInitial":"Paige","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":953587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70272195,"text":"70272195 - 2025 - Living with wildfire in Estes Valley Fire Protection District, Larimer County, Colorado: 2023 Data report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-11-19T14:57:49.939016","indexId":"70272195","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-01T08:49:31","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":72,"text":"Research Note","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"RMRS-RN-108","title":"Living with wildfire in Estes Valley Fire Protection District, Larimer County, Colorado: 2023 Data report","docAbstract":"Homeowner wildfire risk mitigation and preparedness are critical components of community wildfire readiness. This report describes the data collected through two efforts conducted in the Estes Valley Fire Protection District of Larimer County, Colorado, study area: (1) parcel-level rapid wildfire risk assessments performed by trained assessors and (2) homeowner surveys in which respondents provided self-assessments of their parcel-level wildfire risk. This project was undertaken to support Estes Valley Fire Protection District’s desire to enhance resident wildfire risk mitigation and evacuation planning. The household surveys also explored the social dimensions of wildfire, including understanding of wildfire risk, outreach or communication preferences, mitigation and evacuation preparedness activities, and perceptions of community risk reduction strategies. The results provide evidence that despite high levels of wildfire awareness and experience, respondents underestimate the risk on their properties as compared to a trained professional and have not completed important steps in the evacuation preparedness process. However, respondents would like more information on wildfire risk reduction via newsletters (mailed or emailed), community meetings, and in-person interactions.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station","doi":"10.2737/RMRS-RN-108","usgsCitation":"Donovan, C., Champ, P.A., Wittenbrink, S., Formeller, W., Taniguchi, C., Landkamer, J., Brenkert-Smith, H., Meldrum, J., Barth, C.M., and Wagner, C., 2025, Living with wildfire in Estes Valley Fire Protection District, Larimer County, Colorado: 2023 Data report: Research Note RMRS-RN-108, vi, 137 p., https://doi.org/10.2737/RMRS-RN-108.","productDescription":"vi, 137 p.","ipdsId":"IP-178025","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496623,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Estes Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.48606137456866,\n 40.39021611988062\n ],\n [\n -105.53633291099767,\n 40.39021611988062\n ],\n [\n -105.53633291099767,\n 40.31949882059695\n ],\n [\n -105.48606137456866,\n 40.31949882059695\n ],\n [\n -105.48606137456866,\n 40.39021611988062\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Donovan, Colleen","contributorId":240586,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Donovan","given":"Colleen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48103,"text":"Wildfire Research (WiRē) Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Champ, Patricia A. 0000-0003-1917-883X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1917-883X","contributorId":360956,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Champ","given":"Patricia","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":86128,"text":"U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wittenbrink, Suzanne","contributorId":333353,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wittenbrink","given":"Suzanne","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48103,"text":"Wildfire Research (WiRē) Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Formeller, Wilynn","contributorId":362386,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Formeller","given":"Wilynn","affiliations":[{"id":86514,"text":"Estes Valley Watershed Coalition","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Taniguchi, Christine","contributorId":355605,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Taniguchi","given":"Christine","affiliations":[{"id":48103,"text":"Wildfire Research (WiRē) Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Landkamer, Jon","contributorId":362387,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Landkamer","given":"Jon","affiliations":[{"id":86516,"text":"Estes Valley Fire Protection District","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Brenkert-Smith, Hannah 0000-0001-6117-8863","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6117-8863","contributorId":195485,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brenkert-Smith","given":"Hannah","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":950401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Meldrum, James R. 0000-0001-5250-3759 jmeldrum@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5250-3759","contributorId":195484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meldrum","given":"James","email":"jmeldrum@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Barth, Christopher M.","contributorId":362388,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barth","given":"Christopher","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":86132,"text":"U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Washington Office","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Wagner, Carolyn","contributorId":240587,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wagner","given":"Carolyn","affiliations":[{"id":48103,"text":"Wildfire Research (WiRē) Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70271265,"text":"70271265 - 2025 - Comparison of creek and bay influences on salt marsh sediment budget and deposition patterns","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-03T15:37:29.40376","indexId":"70271265","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-01T08:31:24","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1425,"text":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of creek and bay influences on salt marsh sediment budget and deposition patterns","docAbstract":"The resilience of salt marshes with low organic production depends on their effective capture and retention of mineral sediment from adjacent waters. Little prior work has directly compared mechanisms of sediment import from wave-influenced marsh boundaries against those of tidal creeks. We used simultaneous deployment of net-deposition tiles and oceanographic sensors to identify the timing and magnitude of sediment import/export to, and redistribution within, a marsh in south San Francisco Bay. As the marsh has both an eroding bay-exposed scarp and a prominent tidal creek, we investigated the mechanisms and magnitudes of sediment import from the marsh-bay versus the marsh-creek interface. The strong daily sea breezes of the summer season produced most of the wave-driven erosion of the marsh scarp and controlled suspended sediment concentrations; the winter season had weaker winds punctuated by a few storms. A large seasonal difference in suspended sediment concentrations influenced both flood and ebb sediment fluxes to the marsh and led to much higher rates of import in the summer. Both bay-side and creek-side processes were important to total marsh sediment budget. Bay-side sediment contributions were more variable in time due to the bay-influenced environment, and creek-side contributions were overall larger, reflecting the large proportion of the marsh fed by creek water. Sediment was redistributed throughout the system, with erosion near the bay-edge, accretion near the creek-edge and slow import to the marsh interior. The marsh was net importing sediment in the summer and exporting in the winter from different rates of these processes; on an annual scale, the marsh was net importing despite rapid lateral marsh loss. These findings emphasize that a positive sediment budget does not imply a stable marsh and that both creek- and edge-side dynamics are important for marsh sedimentation and geomorphic trajectories. Further, we expand understandings of non-storm and seasonal controls on marsh sedimentation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/esp.70137","usgsCitation":"WinklerPrins, L.T., Lacy, J.R., Stacey, M.T., Thorne, K., Bristow, M.L., and Jones, S., 2025, Comparison of creek and bay influences on salt marsh sediment budget and deposition patterns: Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, v. 50, no. 11, e70137, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.70137.","productDescription":"e70137, 19 p.","ipdsId":"IP-167923","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":495183,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.70137","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":495152,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay, Whales Tail Marsh","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.1656695070773,\n 37.58939504635727\n ],\n [\n -122.1656695070773,\n 37.53784183376638\n ],\n [\n -122.10301033557374,\n 37.53784183376638\n ],\n [\n -122.10301033557374,\n 37.58939504635727\n ],\n [\n -122.1656695070773,\n 37.58939504635727\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"50","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"WinklerPrins, Lukas T. 0000-0003-0508-1455","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0508-1455","contributorId":304096,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"WinklerPrins","given":"Lukas","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":65968,"text":"UC Berkeley, contracted to USGS PCMSC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":947814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lacy, Jessica R. 0000-0002-2797-6172","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2797-6172","contributorId":201703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lacy","given":"Jessica","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":947815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stacey, Mark T.","contributorId":360868,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stacey","given":"Mark","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":6609,"text":"UC Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":947816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thorne, Karen M. 0000-0002-1381-0657","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1381-0657","contributorId":204579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thorne","given":"Karen M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":947817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bristow, McKenna Leigh 0000-0003-2284-1380","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2284-1380","contributorId":330403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bristow","given":"McKenna","middleInitial":"Leigh","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":947818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jones, Scott 0000-0002-1056-3785","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1056-3785","contributorId":215602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Scott","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":947819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70271308,"text":"70271308 - 2025 - Perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) disrupts immune regulation via the toll-like receptor signaling pathway in zebrafish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-22T16:06:51.567934","indexId":"70271308","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-01T08:14:47","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) disrupts immune regulation via the toll-like receptor signaling pathway in zebrafish","docAbstract":"As there are a growing number of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) alternative substitutes applied globally, it remains paramount to characterize their potential health risks. Perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) is the most common alternative PFAS detected in the environment; however, its toxic effects and underlying mechanism of action to aquatic biota remains unclear. In this study, we present in vitro evidence of PFDA-induced immunotoxicity and gain insight into underlying molecular mechanisms. PFDA induced immune dysfunction in zebrafish primarily through immunosuppression, apoptosis, and inflammatory response which further cascaded to suppress innate and adaptive immunities, ultimately weaking the ability of larvae to defend against pathogenic infection. PFDA-induced immunotoxicity was driven by a dysregulation in the toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathway, which was validated through a cotreatment of PFDA with either a morpholino knockdown or inhibitor of myeloid differentiation factor 88. Comparative toxicity studies were carried out with a subset of other alternative PFAS (PFBA, PFOA, PFNA) and it was found that PFDA posed a greater immunotoxic response than other commonly identified PFAS in the environment. This work identified a major target of PFDA, disrupting immune function through the TLR signaling pathway, while inducing a greater toxic response among other tested PFAS, which provides novel insights into understanding the potential environmental risks of PFAS substitutes.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5c04320","usgsCitation":"Wang, J., Fang, D., Magnuson, J.T., Xu, B., Zheng, C., Tang, L., and Qiu, W., 2025, Perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) disrupts immune regulation via the toll-like receptor signaling pathway in zebrafish: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 59, no. 36, p. 19119-19130, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c04320.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"19119","endPage":"19130","ipdsId":"IP-177537","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":495167,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"59","issue":"36","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wang, Jiazhen","contributorId":329836,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Jiazhen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":78727,"text":"Southern University of Science and Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":947928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fang, Di","contributorId":348832,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fang","given":"Di","affiliations":[{"id":80251,"text":"Southern University of Science and Technology, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":947929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Magnuson, Jason Tyler 0000-0001-6841-8014","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6841-8014","contributorId":329838,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Magnuson","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"Tyler","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":947930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Xu, Bentuo","contributorId":329839,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Xu","given":"Bentuo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":78729,"text":"Wenzhou University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":947931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zheng, Chunmiao","contributorId":214041,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zheng","given":"Chunmiao","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16675,"text":"U Alabama","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":947932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Tang, Liang","contributorId":360925,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tang","given":"Liang","affiliations":[{"id":84014,"text":"Shanghai University, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":947933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Qiu, Wenhui","contributorId":334797,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Qiu","given":"Wenhui","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":80251,"text":"Southern University of Science and Technology, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":947934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70272596,"text":"70272596 - 2025 - Long‐term regime shifts in xeric ecoregion freshwater fish assemblages due to Anthropogenic and climate stressors","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-11-24T15:08:54.65527","indexId":"70272596","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-01T08:04:26","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Long‐term regime shifts in xeric ecoregion freshwater fish assemblages due to Anthropogenic and climate stressors","docAbstract":"Shifting climate regimes are projected to increase the area of xeric regions and result in more pronounced intermittency across river networks. Given these projected changes, we aim to understand the factors contributing to species persistence under increasing aridity. To investigate how changing flow regimes are related to changes in fish richness and assemblage composition, we compiled data from 1473 xeric stream sites in the United States and Australia. The temporal coverage of this dataset is more than 40 years, from 1980 to 2021. Our focus was on fishes occurring in xeric streams and included 191 species. We compiled climate, hydrologic, and fish species trait data to identify relationships between environmental drivers of species persistence and corresponding characteristics common to species in these systems and traits eliciting the strongest responses to environmental change. Our data show declines in overall precipitation in concert with increasing temperatures over the last several decades. Climatic shifts were accompanied by declines in discharge, increased zero-flow days, and longer durations of no-flow periods. In these same systems, an overall linear decline in fish species richness was observed, but it was not directly correlated with any hydrologic predictors. However, xeric species of conservation concern were small-bodied and occupied lower trophic levels than those not of concern. Listed species were primarily affected by multiple stressors, including habitat degradation and invasive species, compounded by a small geographic range. We thus propose a multiple stressors argument for the declines in xeric fish assemblages, something that may be exacerbated by climate alterations in the future. This work highlights a critical conservation need for xeric fishes and identifies taxa that are especially vulnerable to a combination of anthropogenic stressors and changing climates.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ece3.72067","usgsCitation":"Krabbenhoft, C.A., Rogosch, J.S., and Rowland, F.E., 2025, Long‐term regime shifts in xeric ecoregion freshwater fish assemblages due to Anthropogenic and climate stressors: Ecology and Evolution, v. 15, no. 9, e72067, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.72067.","productDescription":"e72067, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-167908","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496929,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.72067","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":496822,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Australia, United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -126.68838705734726,\n 42.46729142856819\n ],\n [\n -126.68838705734726,\n 31.274100073517374\n ],\n [\n -101.81329639705922,\n 31.274100073517374\n ],\n [\n -101.81329639705922,\n 42.46729142856819\n ],\n [\n -126.68838705734726,\n 42.46729142856819\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 112.14586345695147,\n -18.081847635268318\n ],\n [\n 112.14586345695147,\n -33.43692331548075\n ],\n [\n 144.94300096233883,\n -33.43692331548075\n ],\n [\n 144.94300096233883,\n -18.081847635268318\n ],\n [\n 112.14586345695147,\n -18.081847635268318\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"15","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Krabbenhoft, Corey A. 0000-0002-1041-5301","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1041-5301","contributorId":362965,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Krabbenhoft","given":"Corey","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37334,"text":"University at Buffalo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rogosch, Jane S. 0000-0002-1748-4991","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1748-4991","contributorId":317717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rogosch","given":"Jane","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rowland, Freya Elizabeth 0000-0002-1041-5301","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1041-5301","contributorId":302395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowland","given":"Freya","email":"","middleInitial":"Elizabeth","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70272187,"text":"70272187 - 2025 - Melt generation sources and conditions in the wake of a migrating slab window: Geochemistry and petrology of the million-year history of primitive volcanism at Clear Lake volcanic field, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-11-18T15:07:29.134486","indexId":"70272187","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-01T07:59:45","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2420,"text":"Journal of Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Melt generation sources and conditions in the wake of a migrating slab window: Geochemistry and petrology of the million-year history of primitive volcanism at Clear Lake volcanic field, California","docAbstract":"Clear Lake volcanic field (CLVF) is the northernmost and youngest (~2.2 Ma to 8 ka) of the volcanic centers distributed along the San Andreas transform fault in western California. The initial phase of CLVF volcanism (interval one) occurred between ~2.2 and 1.3 Ma and extends ~35 km southeast of Clear Lake, forming a semi-continuous upland plateau capped by lava flows, with isolated volcanic remnants on the periphery. This volcanism is broadly characterized by geochemically primitive compositions that reflect three source compositions and conditions of melt generation. (1) Partial melting of upwelling asthenospheric mantle lherzolite at moderate pressures (1.2–1.4 GPa) and temperatures (1297–1329 °C) produced high-CaO (9.8–11.3 wt %) basalts with high Al2O3 (16.8–17.6 wt %), Mg#s (66–70), MgO (8–10 wt %), Ni (103–262 μg/g), and Cr (284–609 μg/g). These high-CaO basalts contain olivine (Fo87–91) phenocrysts with Cr-spinel inclusions ± subordinate plagioclase and crop out only in the southern part of the CLVF. (2) Partial melting of depleted sub-continental lithospheric mantle harzburgite at variable pressures (0.7–1.5 GPa) and temperatures (1097–1299 °C) produced a compositional continuum of med-K2O, calc-alkaline, high-MgO basalts through high-MgO andesites with high Mg#s (67–77), MgO (8–14 wt %) and high Ni and Cr abundances (154–439 and 340–1124 μg/g, respectively). Mineral assemblages are olivine (Fo88–93) with Cr-spinel inclusions ± subordinate clinopyroxene, orthopyroxene and plagioclase. Small (<2.5 cm) mantle harzburgite xenoliths and mantle olivine xenocrysts are also found in several of these samples. These high-MgO basalts through andesites represent the largest volume of primitive compositions and have erupted predominantly along the main, fault-controlled northwest-southeast trending axis of volcanism with peripheral outcrops to the north, west, and east. (3) Partial melting of the Gorda eclogite slab edge produced adakitic silicic slab melts with strong depletion in the heavy rare earth elements (Yb = 0.6 μg/g). Subsequent reaction of those melts with depleted ultramafic rocks during ascent imprinted the adakitic dacites with high Mg#s (65–78) and elevated Ni (117–210 μg/g) and Cr (191–283 μg/g). Phenocrysts of orthopyroxene (En87–94) with spinel inclusions (Cr# = 80–88) and extremely Ni-rich (9483 μg/g) olivine cores (Fo84–93) record those reactions. Small-volume outcrops of the adakites on the eastern periphery of the CLVF track the passing slab edge. The trio of melting sources recorded by early CLVF magmatism reflect the tectonically complex environment and the hot (1097–1329 °C), shallow (0.7–1.5 GPa) melting conditions for these primitive compositions and provide estimates of the heat delivered to the crust. Over time, this flux led to maturation of the CLVF magmatic system toward the more voluminous and silicic volcanism that characterizes the balance of its subsequent volcanic history and maintains the present-day anomalously high heat flow in the region. The current interval (interval four) of volcanic activity at CLVF is characterized by low-volume, fault-controlled eruptions of basaltic andesite and andesite suggestive of mantle magma and heat delivery to the crust, similar to interval one. This analogous activity provides motivation for the current study and begs the question of whether the system is undergoing thermal priming for renewed silicic volcanism.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/petrology/egaf077","usgsCitation":"Blatter, D.L., and Burgess, S.D., 2025, Melt generation sources and conditions in the wake of a migrating slab window: Geochemistry and petrology of the million-year history of primitive volcanism at Clear Lake volcanic field, California: Journal of Petrology, v. 66, no. 9, egaf077, 43 p., https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egaf077.","productDescription":"egaf077, 43 p.","ipdsId":"IP-173749","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496579,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Clear Lake volcanic field","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.9635380144356,\n 39.14844575495471\n ],\n [\n -122.9635380144356,\n 38.917438489493804\n ],\n [\n -122.5731123436415,\n 38.917438489493804\n ],\n [\n -122.5731123436415,\n 39.14844575495471\n ],\n [\n -122.9635380144356,\n 39.14844575495471\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"66","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blatter, Dawnika L. 0000-0002-7161-6844 dblatter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7161-6844","contributorId":4899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blatter","given":"Dawnika","email":"dblatter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burgess, Seth D. 0000-0002-2128-9144","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2128-9144","contributorId":362359,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burgess","given":"Seth","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70271905,"text":"70271905 - 2025 - A spatiotemporal deep learning approach for predicting daily air-water temperature signal coupling and identification of key watershed physical parameters in a montane watershed","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-24T15:03:35.249606","indexId":"70271905","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-01T07:53:41","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A spatiotemporal deep learning approach for predicting daily air-water temperature signal coupling and identification of key watershed physical parameters in a montane watershed","docAbstract":"Tsunami hazards are substantial threats to coastal communities across the United States (U.S.) and its territories. U.S. states and territories collaborate through the National Tsunami Hazard Mitigation Program (NTHMP) to develop their own tsunami-hazard information for outreach and evacuation planning. An effort to curate this tsunami-hazard information to support comprehensive risk analysis at the national level has not yet been completed. In support of this effort, the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) collaborated with the NTHMP, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) starting in 2023. This collaboration included the collection and analysis of existing tsunami hazard data and methods in the U.S. Tsunami subject matter experts identified and selected scientifically defensible methods for estimating the risks to buildings and populations in coastal communities. These efforts may support decision making regarding resilience policies, priorities, strategies and funding levels.
Tsunamis can be triggered by earthquakes, subaerial or submarine landslides, volcanic eruptions, glacial calving, near-earth objects, weather or other events. These events can cause severe destruction, injuries, and loss of life due to powerful currents and flooding. Tsunamis pose a substantial threat to the western United States and all U.S. territories, as described below.
■ Hawaii is threatened by distant tsunamis due to its central location in the Pacific Ocean basin and has a history of local events.
■ Alaska, particularly the Aleutian Islands, faces local tsunami threats due to proximity to the Alaska-Aleutian Subduction Zone, as well as distant tsunamis from around the Pacific Ocean basin.
■ The western coast of the U.S. is threatened by distant tsunamis from around the Pacific Ocean basin and local source tsunamis from earthquakes generated within the Cascadia Subduction Zone in the Pacific Northwest.
■ American Samoa faces local tsunami threats from earthquakes generated in the nearby Tonga Trench, as well as distant tsunami threats.
■ Guam and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands are threatened by local tsunamis from the nearby Mariana Subduction Zone, as well as distant sources from around the Pacific Ocean Basin.
■ Puerto Rico and the United States Virgin Islands are threatened by multiple local and distant tsunami sources, such as the Puerto Rico Trench (PRT), given their location in the complex seismic region of the Caribbean Sea.
Several historical events stand out because of their catastrophic impacts.
■ In the Pacific Northwest, the 1700 Cascadia earthquake caused a tsunami that affected coastal Native American communities, though the extent of the damage is not fully documented (Ludwin, et al., 2005).
■ In Puerto Rico, the 1918 earthquake triggered a tsunami that caused $77 million in damage in 2022 dollars and 116 fatalities, primarily along the western coast (Coffman et al., 1982).
■ The 1946 Aleutian Islands earthquake triggered a massive tsunami that devastated Hilo, Hawaii, killing 158 people and resulting in approximately $375 million in damage (adjusted to 2022 dollars) (Fisher et al., 2023).
■ The 1964 Alaska earthquake (M 9.2) generated tsunamis that caused severe destruction in some communities across Alaska, Oregon, and California. This disaster led to a total of 124 fatalities and approximately $2.9 billion in property damage (adjusted to 2022 dollars) (Brocher et al., 2014) (Alaska Science Center, 2024).
■ In American Samoa, a tsunami generated by the 2009 Samoa earthquake (Mw 8.1) caused widespread devastation, resulting in 34 confirmed fatalities (Apatu et al., 2013) and economic losses exceeding $160 million (adjusted to 2022 dollars) (DHS, 2011).
More recent events, including the 2010 Chile earthquake, the 2011 Japan earthquake, and the 2022 Tonga volcanic eruption, resulted in millions of dollars in damage to numerous ports and harbors in the U.S. South Pacific territories, Hawaii, and along the west coast of the U.S. (Lynett, et al., 2022) (Wilson, et al., 2013). Since these events, the expansion of the built environment in lowlying areas along the coast has increased the exposure of buildings and people, thereby further escalating community risk from tsunamis.
This report provides a comprehensive national assessment of earthquake-generated tsunami risk. It does not include impacts from tsunamis generated by landslides, volcanic eruptions, glacial calving, near-earth objects, weather, or other events. This study is based on the best available hazard data from the U.S. Pacific Coast (California, Oregon and Washington), Alaska, Hawaii, U.S. Pacific Territories (American Samoa, Guam and Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands) and Caribbean Territories (Puerto Rico and United States Virgin Islands). Tsunami risks associated with states along the East Coast, Gulf Coast, and Great Lakes are not included in this study because Hazus 6.1 software (FEMA 2024a) does not currently include the ability to analyze tsunami risk in those states. Once modeling capabilities and tsunami hazard data become available for additional states, FEMA may incorporate these data into future editions of this study.
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adverse effects on the abundance and diversity of reef fish populations, yet the direct effects on ecosystem functions remain uncertain. This study used a quantitative approach to determine the mechanistic links between fish assemblages and ecological function. We investigated the effects of 3D habitat structure and coral morphology on the ecological, behavioral, and morphological functional traits of reef fish within a protected marine national park. Fish traits such as Gregariousness, Water Column Position, and Body Shape were identified to be highly influential in shaping the multidimensional fish functional space, which was categorized into 10 Fish Functional Groups (FFG). Furthermore, habitat complexity and coral morphology significantly explained the abundances of eight out of 10 FFG. Notably, the habitat complexity metrics of Slope and Surface Complexity, along with coral morphologies of Branching and Mounding types, emerged as the most influential habitat features across FFG. Pairing Compressiform species and Schooling Short/Deep species, for example, significantly increased in abundance on substrate with higher Slopes and increased percentages of branching coral cover. Additionally, Cryptic and Nocturnal species exhibited statistically significant associations with all coral morphologies and substrates with high trait values of Slope and Curvature. Elucidating ecological drivers of specific functional groups of reef fish is critical for determining how changes in reef composition and structure will alter fish assemblages. Broad scale patterns were also detected, suggesting that although structural complexity is important, live coral morphologies have a greater positive impact on reef fish functional groups. These findings have direct implications for conservation and monitoring efforts, offering valuable insights for predicting the impacts of environmental change on community dynamics and ecosystem functioning.
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