{"pageNumber":"412","pageRowStart":"10275","pageSize":"25","recordCount":11004,"records":[{"id":13574,"text":"ofr6453 - 1964 - Subsurface geology of the upper Cretaceous Kirtland and Fruitland formations of the San Juan Basin, New Mexico and Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-12T20:14:48.500091","indexId":"ofr6453","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1964","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"64-53","title":"Subsurface geology of the upper Cretaceous Kirtland and Fruitland formations of the San Juan Basin, New Mexico and Colorado","docAbstract":"<p>The San Juan Basin is an asymmetrical structural basin in northwestern New Mexico and southwestern Colorado. The basin contains sedimentary rocks ranging from Cambrian through Recent in age and attaining a maximum thickness between 14,000 and 15,000 feet. The Upper Cretaceous sedimentary rocks exceed 8,000 feet in thickness and can be divided into two groups: the lower Upper Cretaceous which is composed of the non marine and non-marine rocks and the upper Upper Cretaceous which is composed of the non-marine Kirtland and Fruitland Formations. The Kirtland Shale is subdivided into the lower shale, Farmington Sandstone, and upper shale members.</p><p>The rocks of the Kirtland and Fruitland Formations consist of fluviatile and flood plain deposits and range in thickness from 1750 feet in the northwest part of the basin to 0 feet on the eastside of the basin. The thinning of the Kirtland and Fruitland Formations from west to east is primarily the result of erosion following tilting of the San Juan Basin area toward the west after either part or all of the upper shale member had been deposited. The overlying Ojo Alamo Sandstone rests on progressively older rocks across the basin overstepping the under lying upper shale member, Farmington Sandstone Member, Fruitland Formation, and finally resting on the Lewis Shale on the east side of the basin. The source area for the rocks of the Kirtland and Fruitland Formations was probably to the north or northwest of the San Juan Basin area.</p><p>The Kirtland and Fruitland rocks have produced minor amounts of oil and gas. The Fruitland Formation contains large coal deposits some of which are currently being strip mined near Fruitland, New Mexico</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr6453","usgsCitation":"Fassett, J.E., 1964, Subsurface geology of the upper Cretaceous Kirtland and Fruitland formations of the San Juan Basin, New Mexico and Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 64-53, Report: 93 p.; 12 Plates: 48.29 x 25.08 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr6453.","productDescription":"Report: 93 p.; 12 Plates: 48.29 x 25.08 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":490599,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1964/0053/plate-10.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":490600,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1964/0053/plate-11.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":490601,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1964/0053/plate-12.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":490602,"rank":7,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1964/0053/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":490603,"rank":8,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1964/0053/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":490604,"rank":9,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1964/0053/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":490605,"rank":10,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1964/0053/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":490606,"rank":11,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1964/0053/plate-6.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":490607,"rank":12,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1964/0053/plate-7.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":490608,"rank":13,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1964/0053/plate-8.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":490609,"rank":14,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1964/0053/plate-9.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":147205,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1964/0053/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":490597,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1964/0053/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":490598,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1964/0053/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"San Juan Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -109.95401765016268,\n              41.257729787434215\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.95401765016268,\n              31.151066456218246\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.92656228630202,\n              31.151066456218246\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.92656228630202,\n              41.257729787434215\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.95401765016268,\n              41.257729787434215\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699a33","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fassett, James E. jfassett@usgs.gov","contributorId":73590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fassett","given":"James","email":"jfassett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":165,"text":"Central Energy Resources Team","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":168045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":3152,"text":"wsp1652A - 1964 - Floods of January-February 1957 in southeastern Kentucky and adjacent areas","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":17115,"text":"ofr57111 - 1957 - Floods of January-February 1957 in southwestern Virginia","indexId":"ofr57111","publicationYear":"1957","noYear":false,"title":"Floods of January-February 1957 in southwestern Virginia"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":3152,"text":"wsp1652A - 1964 - Floods of January-February 1957 in southeastern Kentucky and adjacent areas","indexId":"wsp1652A","publicationYear":"1964","noYear":false,"chapter":"A","title":"Floods of January-February 1957 in southeastern Kentucky and adjacent areas"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:27","indexId":"wsp1652A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1964","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1652","chapter":"A","title":"Floods of January-February 1957 in southeastern Kentucky and adjacent areas","docAbstract":"Heavy rains over an extensive area on January 27-February 2, caused extreme flooding in southeastern Kentucky and adjacent areas in West Virginia, Virginia, and Tennessee. Total rainfall for the storm period ranged from 6-9 inches over most of the report area and was 12? inches at the eastern end of the Virginia-Kentucky State line. \r\n\r\nThe principal basins affected by the storm were those of the Big Sandy, Kentucky, Cumberland, and Tennessee Rivers. \r\n\r\nMaximum discharge of record occurred in many streams. On Levisa Fork near Grundy, Va., the peak discharge of 33,200 cfs was 50 percent greater than the previous maximum in 17 years of record and was 3.3 times the mean annual flood. The peak discharges on-tributaries of the Kentucky River and on ,the Holston and Clinch Rivers were also the greatest of record and .those on the upper Cumberland River were nearly as great as .those during the historic floods of 1918 and 1946. \r\n\r\nTotal flood damage was estimated at $61 million of which $39 million was in the Big Sandy River basin (mostly in Kentucky) and $15 million was in the Kentucky River basin--$52 million of the total damage was in Kentucky.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp1652A","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1964, Floods of January-February 1957 in southeastern Kentucky and adjacent areas: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1652, iv, 195 p. :ill., maps ;24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1652A.","productDescription":"iv, 195 p. :ill., maps ;24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":138885,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1652a/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":30100,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1652a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d9e4b07f02db5dfd65","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":528109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":245,"text":"wsp1660B - 1964 - Summary of floods in the United States during 1958","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-06T17:48:22","indexId":"wsp1660B","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1964","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1660","chapter":"B","title":"Summary of floods in the United States during 1958","docAbstract":"<p>This report describes the most outstanding floods that occurred in the United States during 1958.</p><p>A series of storms from January 23 to February 16 brought large amounts of precipitation to northern California and produced damaging floods, particularly in the Lower Sacramento Valley where losses totaled about \\$12 million.</p><p>Major floods, notable because of the large area affected, occurred on many small streams in central and south Texas, following heavy general rains in late February. Extensive flooding occurred along the Gulf Coastal plain on the lower reaches of the major streams from the Brazos River to the Nueces River. Two lives were lost, and property damage exceeded \\$1 million.</p><p>Damaging floods of April 1-7 followed one of the wettest winters in California history. Swollen streams overflowed their banks throughout the central part of the State, and discharge peaks on many streams exceeded those .of the floods of December 1955. Most severely flooded was the San Francisco Bay area. Total flood damage was estimated at \\$23 million.</p><p>The storms and floods of April-May in Louisiana and adjacent States outranked all other floods in the United States during 1958 with respect to intensity of rain over a large area, number of streams having maximum discharge of record, rare occurrence of peaks, and great amount (\\$21 million) of resultant damage.</p><p>Heavy rains on June 8-15 caused one of the greatest summer floods of record in central Indiana. Peak discharges were high and of rare occurrences. Failure of numerous levees along the Wabash River caused great damage. Crop damage alone was estimated at \\$48 million.</p><p>Intense rains of July 1-2 caused record-breaking floods in southwestern Iowa. Rapid rises and the great magnitude of the floods on small streams resulted in 18 deaths and many injuries. Six towns and cities along the East Nishnabotna River and its tributaries were particularly hard hit; rural damage was also high. Total damage was estimated at \\$15 million.</p><p>Heavy rains (as much as 40 inches during the last 2 weeks in September) from the middle of September to the middle of October caused destructive floods along the Rio Grande in Texas and Mexico. Many communities were isolated by the flood waters, and damage to crops was great.</p><p>In addition to the 7 floods mentioned above, 21 others of lesser magnitude are reported in this annual summary.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/wsp1660B","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Federal, State, and local agencies","usgsCitation":"Hendricks, E.L., 1964, Summary of floods in the United States during 1958: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1660, vi, 97 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1660B.","productDescription":"vi, 97 p.","numberOfPages":"104","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":136589,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1660b/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":24852,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1660b/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db6992a6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hendricks, E. L.","contributorId":50126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hendricks","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":142137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1258,"text":"wsp1618 - 1964 - Use of ground-water reservoirs for storage of surface water in the San Joaquin Valley, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:13","indexId":"wsp1618","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1964","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1618","title":"Use of ground-water reservoirs for storage of surface water in the San Joaquin Valley, California","docAbstract":"The San Joaquin Valley includes roughly the southern two-thirds of the Central Valley of California, extending 250 miles from Stockton on the north to Grapevine at the foot of the Tehachapi Mountains. The valley floor ranges in width from 25 miles near Bakersfield to about 55 miles near Visalia; it has a surface area of about 10,000 square miles. More than one-quarter of all the ground water pumped for irrigation in the United States is used in this highly productive valley. Withdrawal of ground water from storage by heavy pumping not only provides a needed irrigation water supply, but it also lowers the ground-water level and makes storage space available in which to conserve excess water during periods of heavy runoff. A storage capacity estimated to be 93 million acre-feet to a depth of 200 feet is available in this ground-water reservoir. This is about nine times the combined capacity of the existing and proposed surface-water reservoirs in the San Joaquin Valley under the California Water Plan.\r\n\r\nThe landforms of the San Joaquin Valley include dissected uplands, low plains and fans, river flood plains and channels, and overflow lands and lake bottoms. Below the land surface, unconsolidated sediments derived from the surrounding mountain highlands extend downward for hundreds of feet. These unconsolidated deposits, consisting chiefly of alluvial deposits, but including some widespread lacustrine sediments, are the principal source of ground water in the valley. Ground water occurs under confined and unconfined conditions in the San Joaquin Valley. In much of the western, central, and southeastern parts of the valley, three distinct ground-water reservoirs are present. In downward succession these are 1) a body of unconfined and semiconfined fresh water in alluvial deposits of Recent, Pleistocene, and possibly later Pliocene age, overlying the Corcoran clay member of the Tulare formation; 2) a body of fresh water confined beneath the Corcoran clay member, which occurs in alluvial and lacustrine deposits of late Pliocene age or older; and 3) a body of saline connate water contained in marine sediments of middle Pliocene or older age, which underlies the fresh-water body throughout the area. In much of the eastern part of the valley, especially in the areas of the major streams, the Corcoran clay member is not present and ground water occurs as one fresh-water body to considerable depth.\r\n\r\nThe ground-water body is replenished by infiltration of rainfall, by infiltration from streams, canals, and ditches, by underflow entering the valley from tributary stream canyons, and by infiltration of excess irrigation water. In much of the valley, however, the annual rainfall is so low that little penetrates deeply, and soil-moisture deficiency is perennial. Infiltration from stream channels and canals and from irrigated fields are the principal sources of groundwater recharge. The ground-water storage capacity of the San Joaquin Valley has been estimated in an earlier report (Davis and others, 1959) as 93 million acre-feet. This is the quantity of water that would drain by gravity from the valley deposits if the regional water level were lowered from 10 to 200 feet below the land surface. Storage capacity was estimated for only the part of the valley considered to be potentially usable as a ground-water reservoir. In this study, a 200foot depth was selected as a practical valley-wide depth limit for unwatering \r\n\r\nunder full utilization of the ground-water reservoir, even though in localized areas sections in excess of 350 feet in depth have already been dewatered. Some of the factors that locally limit the utilization of the ground-water reservoir are inferior water quality, relatively impermeable surface soils, and relatively impermeable subsurface deposits. On the basis of a detailed analysis of la peg model, the subsurface geology of the San Joaquin Valley was subdivided into predominantly permeable and impermeable zones in the 1","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"United States Govt. Print. Off.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp1618","usgsCitation":"Davis, G.H., Lofgren, B.E., and Mack, S., 1964, Use of ground-water reservoirs for storage of surface water in the San Joaquin Valley, California: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1618, vii, 125 p. :illus., maps, diagrs., tables. and portfolio ;24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1618.","productDescription":"vii, 125 p. :illus., maps, diagrs., tables. and portfolio ;24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":137412,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1618/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":26195,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1618/plate-01.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26196,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1618/plate-02.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26197,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1618/plate-03.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26198,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1618/plate-04.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26199,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1618/plate-05.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26200,"rank":405,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1618/plate-06.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26201,"rank":406,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1618/plate-07.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26202,"rank":407,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1618/plate-08.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26203,"rank":408,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1618/plate-09.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26204,"rank":409,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1618/plate-10.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26205,"rank":410,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1618/plate-11.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26206,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1618/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a17e4b07f02db604592","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, G. H.","contributorId":40963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lofgren, B. E.","contributorId":42579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lofgren","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mack, Seymour","contributorId":101247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mack","given":"Seymour","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":64259,"text":"gp465 - 1964 - Aeromagnetic map of eastern Los Angeles, California and vicinity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-22T16:01:41.447576","indexId":"gp465","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1964","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":317,"text":"Geophysical Investigations Map","code":"GP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"465","title":"Aeromagnetic map of eastern Los Angeles, California and vicinity","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/gp465","usgsCitation":"Andreasen, G.E., Pitkin, J.A., and Petrafeso, F., 1964, Aeromagnetic map of eastern Los Angeles, California and vicinity: U.S. Geological Survey Geophysical Investigations Map 465, 1 Plate: 39.81 × 37.49 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/gp465.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 39.81 × 37.49 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":390825,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_3411.htm"},{"id":254297,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gp/0465/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":250843,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gp/0465/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":250842,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gp/0465/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"48000","country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Los Angeles","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -118.25,33.875 ], [ -118.25,34.225 ], [ -117.75,34.225 ], [ -117.75,33.875 ], [ -118.25,33.875 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4affe4b07f02db697e29","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Andreasen, G. E.","contributorId":105315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andreasen","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":270337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pitkin, J. A.","contributorId":85194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pitkin","given":"J.","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":270336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Petrafeso, F.A.","contributorId":40656,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petrafeso","given":"F.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":270335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70221177,"text":"70221177 - 1964 - Geohydrologic analogies between the Jordan Valleys of Utah and the holy land","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-04T17:05:35.301848","indexId":"70221177","displayToPublicDate":"1964-09-01T12:01:39","publicationYear":"1964","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5334,"text":"International Association of Scientific Hydrology - Bulletin ","onlineIssn":"2150-3435","printIssn":"0262-6667","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geohydrologic analogies between the Jordan Valleys of Utah and the holy land","docAbstract":"<p><span>The biblical&nbsp;</span>Jordan<span>&nbsp;River&nbsp;</span>Valley<span>, which extends from Lake Tiberias (the Sea of Galilee) to the Dead Sea, is decidedly similar to the&nbsp;</span>Jordan<span>&nbsp;River&nbsp;</span>Valley<span>&nbsp;of&nbsp;</span>Utah<span>, which joins Lake&nbsp;</span>Utah<span>&nbsp;and Great Salt Lake. Both&nbsp;</span>Jordan<span>&nbsp;Rivers drain relatively large fresh-water lakes and also are major sources of discharge into large salty lakes that have no outlets to the ocean.The two&nbsp;</span>Jordan<span>&nbsp;River&nbsp;</span>valleys<span>&nbsp;and the highlands and mountains that surround them, have many physiographic, geologic, and hydrologic similarities as well as some noteworthy differences. For example, an hypothesis for the formation of the Dead Sea-</span>Jordan<span>&nbsp;</span>Valley<span>&nbsp;rift is that the east&nbsp;</span>Jordan<span>&nbsp;block slid northward with respect to the west&nbsp;</span>Jordan<span>&nbsp;block. The amount of displacement is estimated to be about 65 miles and took place partly in Miocene and possible Pliocène and partly in Pleistocene time. Tectonc activity has also been a major factor in the formation of the&nbsp;</span>Jordan<span>&nbsp;</span>valley<span>&nbsp;of&nbsp;</span>Utah<span>, but the movement here probably was along large normal faults in late Tertiary and Quaternary time. The sediments underlying both&nbsp;</span>Jordan<span>&nbsp;River&nbsp;</span>valleys<span>&nbsp;were deposited in ancestral lacustrine and fluvial environments. Abundant supplies of ground water are found under both&nbsp;</span>valleys<span>, but probably larger supplies of better quality water can be obtained in&nbsp;</span>Utah<span>. Both&nbsp;</span>valleys<span>&nbsp;contain numerous small nonthermal and a few large thermal springs.&nbsp;</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/02626666409493666","usgsCitation":"Bradley, E., 1964, Geohydrologic analogies between the Jordan Valleys of Utah and the holy land: International Association of Scientific Hydrology - Bulletin , v. 9, no. 3, p. 12-23, https://doi.org/10.1080/02626666409493666.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"12","endPage":"23","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":489070,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02626666409493666","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":386209,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United  States","state":"Utah","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -114.06005859375,\n              42.00032514831621\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.0380859375,\n              37.07271048132943\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.05029296875,\n              37.03763967977139\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.1162109375,\n              41.0130657870063\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.07177734375,\n              41.02964338716638\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.07177734375,\n              41.983994270935625\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.06005859375,\n              42.00032514831621\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"9","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradley, Edward","contributorId":67071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Edward","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":816980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70221185,"text":"70221185 - 1964 - Officer's cave, a pseudokarst feature in altered tuff and volcanic ash of the John Day formation in eastern Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-04T17:54:08.787144","indexId":"70221185","displayToPublicDate":"1964-08-01T12:50:37","publicationYear":"1964","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Officer's cave, a pseudokarst feature in altered tuff and volcanic ash of the John Day formation in eastern Oregon","docAbstract":"<p>Officer<span>'s&nbsp;</span>Cave<span>&nbsp;is the uppermost of four rapidly eroding&nbsp;</span>cave<span>&nbsp;levels constituting&nbsp;</span>a<span>&nbsp;cavern complex about 700 feet long developed chiefly&nbsp;</span>in<span>&nbsp;clay and silt. Its outer room is 35 feet by 43.5 feet by 100 feet and slopes about 45° east into the western end of&nbsp;</span>a<span>&nbsp;narrow linear hill called&nbsp;</span>Officer<span>'s&nbsp;</span>Cave<span>&nbsp;Ridge. Dry valleys, blind valleys, hanging valleys, sinkholes, pipes, caves, and natural bridges are abundant. These, together with subterranean drainage, give the area&nbsp;</span>a<span>&nbsp;karstlike development. For such terrains the term \"</span>pseudokarst<span>\" is applied. These pseudokarsts are the product of piping and are fairly widespread over the world's drylands.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1964)75[393:OCAPFI]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Parker, G., Shown, L.M., and Ratzlaff, K.W., 1964, Officer's cave, a pseudokarst feature in altered tuff and volcanic ash of the John Day formation in eastern Oregon: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 75, no. 5, p. 393-402, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1964)75[393:OCAPFI]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"393","endPage":"402","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386230,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United  States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"eastern Oregon","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -119.3115234375,\n              41.934976500546604\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.5869140625,\n              41.934976500546604\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.5869140625,\n              46.01222384063236\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.3115234375,\n              46.01222384063236\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.3115234375,\n              41.934976500546604\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"75","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parker, Garald G.","contributorId":106880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parker","given":"Garald G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shown, Lynn M.","contributorId":7326,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shown","given":"Lynn","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ratzlaff, Karl W.","contributorId":99177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ratzlaff","given":"Karl","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70010765,"text":"70010765 - 1964 - Ancient granite gneiss in the Black Hills, South Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-12T17:29:58.784272","indexId":"70010765","displayToPublicDate":"1964-07-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1964","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ancient granite gneiss in the Black Hills, South Dakota","docAbstract":"Granite gneiss, with an age of approximately 2.5 billion years, in the Black Hills, South Dakota , provides a link betweeen ancient rocks in western Wyoming and Montana and in eastern North and South Dakota and Minnesota. The discovery suggests that early Precambrian rocks covered an extensive area in northcentral United States and were not restricted to several small nuclei.","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.145.3631.479","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Zartman, R., Norton, J., and Stern, T.W., 1964, Ancient granite gneiss in the Black Hills, South Dakota: Science, v. 145, no. 3631, p. 479-481, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.145.3631.479.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"479","endPage":"481","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218653,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Dakota","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-104.054487,44.180381],[-104.055914,44.874986],[-104.057698,44.997431],[-104.039681,44.998041],[-104.040114,45.374214],[-104.045443,45.94531],[-100.430597,45.943638],[-99.005754,45.939944],[-98.414518,45.936504],[-96.56328,45.935238],[-96.564002,45.91956],[-96.56703,45.915682],[-96.56442,45.909415],[-96.568315,45.902902],[-96.568772,45.888072],[-96.571354,45.886673],[-96.571871,45.871846],[-96.574667,45.866816],[-96.572984,45.861602],[-96.574517,45.843098],[-96.583085,45.820024],[-96.596704,45.811801],[-96.612512,45.794442],[-96.627778,45.786239],[-96.638726,45.770171],[-96.641941,45.759871],[-96.652226,45.746809],[-96.662595,45.738682],[-96.672665,45.732336],[-96.711157,45.717561],[-96.745086,45.701576],[-96.75035,45.698782],[-96.760866,45.687518],[-96.835769,45.649648],[-96.844211,45.639583],[-96.852392,45.61484],[-96.857751,45.605962],[-96.801987,45.555414],[-96.79384,45.550724],[-96.76528,45.521414],[-96.745487,45.488712],[-96.743486,45.480649],[-96.738446,45.473499],[-96.732739,45.458737],[-96.692541,45.417338],[-96.680454,45.410499],[-96.617726,45.408092],[-96.60118,45.403181],[-96.562142,45.38609],[-96.521787,45.375645],[-96.489065,45.357071],[-96.469246,45.324941],[-96.468027,45.318619],[-96.46191,45.313884],[-96.453067,45.298115],[-96.451232,44.718375],[-96.453049,43.500415],[-96.598928,43.500457],[-96.599182,43.496011],[-96.586274,43.491099],[-96.580997,43.481384],[-96.586364,43.478251],[-96.584603,43.46961],[-96.587929,43.464878],[-96.600039,43.45708],[-96.60286,43.450907],[-96.594254,43.434153],[-96.587884,43.431685],[-96.575181,43.431756],[-96.570224,43.428601],[-96.573579,43.419228],[-96.562728,43.412782],[-96.557586,43.406792],[-96.537116,43.395063],[-96.531159,43.39561],[-96.529152,43.397735],[-96.525453,43.396317],[-96.521572,43.38564],[-96.521323,43.374607],[-96.526467,43.368314],[-96.527223,43.362257],[-96.526635,43.351833],[-96.524289,43.347214],[-96.534913,43.336473],[-96.528817,43.316561],[-96.525564,43.312467],[-96.530392,43.300034],[-96.553087,43.29286],[-96.555246,43.294803],[-96.56911,43.295535],[-96.573556,43.29917],[-96.581052,43.297118],[-96.579094,43.293797],[-96.577588,43.2788],[-96.580904,43.2748],[-96.582876,43.274594],[-96.582939,43.276536],[-96.586317,43.274319],[-96.58522,43.268878],[-96.576804,43.268308],[-96.564165,43.260239],[-96.554968,43.259998],[-96.552591,43.257769],[-96.552963,43.247281],[-96.565253,43.244241],[-96.571194,43.238961],[-96.568505,43.231554],[-96.56044,43.224219],[-96.554937,43.226775],[-96.540088,43.225698],[-96.535741,43.22764],[-96.526865,43.224071],[-96.519273,43.21769],[-96.500759,43.220767],[-96.496454,43.223652],[-96.485264,43.224183],[-96.476697,43.222014],[-96.470626,43.207225],[-96.473777,43.198766],[-96.473834,43.189804],[-96.472395,43.185644],[-96.465146,43.182971],[-96.467292,43.164066],[-96.466537,43.150281],[-96.459978,43.143516],[-96.450361,43.142237],[-96.443431,43.133825],[-96.440801,43.123129],[-96.436589,43.120842],[-96.439335,43.113916],[-96.462855,43.091419],[-96.462636,43.089614],[-96.455337,43.088129],[-96.454088,43.084197],[-96.455209,43.075053],[-96.46085,43.064033],[-96.468207,43.06186],[-96.473165,43.06355],[-96.476905,43.062383],[-96.490365,43.050789],[-96.501748,43.048632],[-96.510256,43.049917],[-96.518431,43.042068],[-96.509145,43.037297],[-96.512916,43.029962],[-96.510995,43.024701],[-96.499187,43.019213],[-96.49167,43.009707],[-96.496699,42.998807],[-96.509986,42.995126],[-96.512886,42.991424],[-96.512237,42.985937],[-96.516724,42.981458],[-96.520773,42.980385],[-96.515922,42.972886],[-96.506148,42.971348],[-96.503132,42.968192],[-96.500308,42.959391],[-96.504857,42.954659],[-96.509472,42.945151],[-96.519994,42.93976],[-96.516419,42.935438],[-96.516888,42.932512],[-96.525536,42.935511],[-96.541689,42.922576],[-96.536564,42.905656],[-96.542847,42.903737],[-96.539397,42.899964],[-96.536007,42.900901],[-96.528886,42.89795],[-96.526357,42.891852],[-96.540116,42.889678],[-96.537851,42.878475],[-96.546394,42.874464],[-96.549659,42.870281],[-96.550469,42.863742],[-96.546556,42.857273],[-96.541708,42.858871],[-96.545502,42.849956],[-96.554709,42.846142],[-96.554203,42.843648],[-96.549976,42.840705],[-96.551285,42.836606],[-96.556162,42.836675],[-96.560572,42.839373],[-96.56284,42.836309],[-96.563058,42.831051],[-96.565605,42.830434],[-96.571353,42.837155],[-96.581604,42.837521],[-96.58238,42.833657],[-96.577813,42.828719],[-96.585699,42.818041],[-96.596008,42.815044],[-96.595664,42.810426],[-96.590913,42.808987],[-96.595283,42.792982],[-96.602575,42.787767],[-96.603784,42.78372],[-96.61949,42.784034],[-96.626406,42.773518],[-96.632142,42.770863],[-96.632212,42.761512],[-96.628741,42.757532],[-96.621235,42.758084],[-96.619494,42.754792],[-96.630485,42.750378],[-96.639704,42.737071],[-96.631931,42.725086],[-96.624704,42.725497],[-96.624446,42.714294],[-96.630617,42.70588],[-96.6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,{"id":2404,"text":"wsp1749 - 1964 - Geology and ground-water resources of Nobles County, and part of Jackson County, Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-11T18:27:13.54031","indexId":"wsp1749","displayToPublicDate":"1964-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1964","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1749","title":"Geology and ground-water resources of Nobles County, and part of Jackson County, Minnesota","docAbstract":"<p>The area described in this report is in southwestern Minnesota, about 130 miles southwest of Minneapolis and St. Paul. It includes; Nobles County and the western tier of townships in Jackson County, a total of 864 square miles. Worthington, the Nobles County seat, is the largest city in the area, having a population of 9,015 persons (1960 census). Farming is the leading occupation, and food processing is the major industry. Critical water shortages have occurred in several parts of the area.</p>\n<p>The climate is characterized by mild, subhumid summers and relatively long, severe winters. Mean monthly temperatures range from 15.1 &deg;F in January to 73.3 &deg;F in July. The mean annual precipitation is 26.75 inches.</p>\n<p>The crest of the Coteau des Prairies, a broad highland belt, traverses Nobles County from northwest to southeast. Three glacial end moraines and their associated ground moraines trend south to southeast across the area. Altitudes range from about 1,820 feet on the crest of the coteau in the northwestern part of the area to about 1,390 feet above mean sea level in the Jack and Okabena Creek valleys in the northeast.</p>\n<p>The Mississippi-Missouri River drainage divide crosses the area from north to east. The Gary outer end moraine trends southeast through central Nobles County. East of this moraine the land is poorly drained and contains numerous lakes and swamps; west of this moraine the land is well drained and contains few, if any, undrained depressions.</p>\n<p>Within the area, granite and Sioux Quartzite of Precambrian age are overlain by Cretaceous strata, except locally in the northeast and northwest parts of the area where the quartzite is directly overlain by glacial drift. The Cretaceous strata are composed of interbedded shale, siltstone, and sandstone. The surface of the area is composed of Pleistocene deposits of glacial drift and some thin, patchy deposits of Recent age. Bedrock is not known to crop out in the area. The drift ranges in thickness from about 150 feet in the southwest and northeast corners to about 500 feet on the highest part of the Coteau des Prairies.</p>\n<p>The Precambrian granite is not a source of ground water in this area. The Sioux Quartzite yields moderate supplies in adjacent counties to the north and west, but because of its sporadic occurrence it does not constitute an important water source in this area. The Cretaceous sandstone units are a secondary source of ground water and yield adequate supplies 'to at least 24 farm wells, which range in depth from 283 to 586 feet below land surface.</p>\n<p>The primary source of ground water in the Nobles-Jackson County area is the glacial drift. Buried outwash deposits supply water to 7 of the 10 municipalities and to most of the farms in the area. Two Worthington city wells, completed in a buried outwash deposit underlying East Okabena dry lake bed, were tested for short periods at 500 gallons per minute. The estimated coefficient of transmissibility for the aquifer at one of the wells was 70,000 gpd (gallons per day) per ft.</p>\n<p>The buried outwash deposits may occur anywhere within the drift from about 15 feet below land surface to bedrock which is as much as 500 feet below land surface. The outwash ranges from a fraction of a foot to more than 25 feet in thickness where permeable; below the water table it generally will supply ample quantities of water to properly constructed wells.</p>\n<p>Surflcial outwash deposits fill the valley bottoms and form the terrace deposits associated with the present-day drainage channels. The thicker, more extensive, and continuous deposits occur in the proglacial stream channels that drained the fronts of the ice sheets rather than in those channels that now drain the backs of the moraines. The surflcial outwash deposits generally are made up of sand, gravel and some silt and clay, and range in thickness from 0 to more than 60 feet; they range in width from a few feet in the narrow tributaries to about one mile in the larger stream valleys.</p>\n<p>Four municipalities and many farms obtain part or all of their water supplies from surficial outwash. An Adrian municipal well, completed in this source, was pumped at a rate of 400 gpm. At the confluence of two streams which drain Ocheda Lake in southeastern Nobles County, the sand and gravel section is more than 60 feet thick in places. Results of a pumping test here showed an average coefficient of transmissibility of 150,000 gpd per ft. Coefficients of transmissibility may be as much as 500,000 gdp per ft in the thickest part of the deposit if the permeability of the sand and gravel is uniform.</p>\n<p>Recharge to the surflcial outwash deposits is relatively rapid; it is slower to the buried outwash deposits where the descending water must percolate through till of low permeability before entering the aquifers.</p>\n<p>The quality of water in the Precambrian crystalline rocks, the Cretaceous strata, and the buried Pleistocene aquifers is poor. Chemical analyses of 22 water samples showed that dissolved solids ranged from 1,100 ppm (parts per million) to 3,050 ppm. Water from the surficial outwash deposits is good by comparison; dissolved solids in water from these aquifers ranged from 425 to 870 ppm.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/wsp1749","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Division of Waters, Minnesota Department of Conservation, and the city of Worthington","usgsCitation":"Norvitch, R.F., 1964, Geology and ground-water resources of Nobles County, and part of Jackson County, Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1749, Document: iv, 70 p.; 5 Plates: 23.0 x 23.5 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1749.","productDescription":"Document: iv, 70 p.; 5 Plates: 23.0 x 23.5 inches or smaller","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":28402,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1749/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":28399,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1749/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":28404,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1749/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":415582,"rank":8,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_24926.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":28403,"rank":7,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1749/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":28400,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1749/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":139050,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1749/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":28401,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1749/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","county":"Jackson County, Nobles County","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -96.051,\n              43.847\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.051,\n              43.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.336,\n              43.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.336,\n              43.847\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.051,\n              43.847\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adbe4b07f02db685a7f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Norvitch, Ralph F.","contributorId":65456,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norvitch","given":"Ralph","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":145148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":52426,"text":"ofr64128 - 1964 - Ground-water reconnaissance in the Burnt River valley, Baker County, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-04T19:36:52.263227","indexId":"ofr64128","displayToPublicDate":"1964-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1964","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"64-128","title":"Ground-water reconnaissance in the Burnt River valley, Baker County, Oregon","docAbstract":"<p>The Burnt River valley in southern Baker County, Oreg., is underlain by rocks that range in age from pre-Tertiary to Quaternary. The pre-Tertiary rocks consist mainly of argillites, schists, limestones, and intrusive igneous rocks, while the Tertiary rocks consist mainly of felsic and mafic volcanic tuffs, lava flows and breccias, and fluviolacustrine deposits. Quaternary rocks include terrace gravels of Pleistocene and Recent age, and stream-valley alluvium of Recent age. The rock units most widely exposed along the valley are the fluviolacustrine deposits of Miocene and Pliocene(?) age, which extend to depths of as much as a thousand feet below the valley floor, and the pre-Tertiary rocks.</p><p>Most of the rocks that underlie the valley are of relatively low permeability and yield only small to moderate quantities of water (generally less than 50 gpm) to wells. The fluviolacustrine deposits contain scattered lenses of relatively permeable sand and gravel, hut the unit as a whole is mainly silt and clay of low permeability. Two prospective irrigation wells in the area penetrated these deposits but were abandoned because of insufficient yield.</p><p>Perhaps the most permeable rock unit in the area is the Columbia River Basalt of Miocene and Pliocene(?) age. It is exposed extensively west of the main valley, but apparently occurs only' as discontinuous lenses beneath the valley floor.</p><p>Chemical analyses of water from seven wells in the area indicate that the ground waters have relatively large concentrations of dis-. solved mineral constituents. Water from two of the wells had excessive concentrations of boron and high sodium and salinity hazards with respect to use for irrigation.</p><p>Perhaps the most favorable site for a test irrigation well is about 8 to 10 miles east of Hereford, where the Columbia River Basalt apparently extends beneath, and is intercalated with, the fluviolacustrine deposits.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr64128","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Price, D., 1964, Ground-water reconnaissance in the Burnt River valley, Baker County, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 64-128, Report: 31 p.; 2 Figures: 29.69 x 29.91 inches and 36.75 x 20.21 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr64128.","productDescription":"Report: 31 p.; 2 Figures: 29.69 x 29.91 inches and 36.75 x 20.21 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":497027,"rank":4,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1964/0128/figure-2B.pdf","text":"Figure 2B","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":497026,"rank":3,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1964/0128/figure-2A.pdf","text":"Figure 2A","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":497025,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1964/0128/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":179173,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1964/0128/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","county":"Baker County","otherGeospatial":"Burnt River 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 \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa7e4b07f02db66710a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Price, Don","contributorId":30608,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Price","given":"Don","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":245325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":2353,"text":"wsp1600 - 1964 - Geology and ground-water conditions of Clark County, Washington, with a description of a major alluvial aquifer along the Columbia River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-23T21:07:44.77317","indexId":"wsp1600","displayToPublicDate":"1964-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1964","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1600","title":"Geology and ground-water conditions of Clark County, Washington, with a description of a major alluvial aquifer along the Columbia River","docAbstract":"<p>This report presents the results of an investigation of the ground-water resources of the populated parts of Clark County. Yields adequate for irrigation can be obtained from wells inmost farmed areas in Clark County, Wash. The total available supply is sufficient for all foreseeable irrigation developments. In a few local areas aquifers are fine-grained, and yields of individual wells are low. An enormous ground-water supply is available from a major alluvial aquifer underlying the flood plain of the Columbia River in the vicinity of Vancouver, Camas, and Washougal, where the aquifer is recharged, in part, by infiltration from the river. Yields of individual wells are large, ranging to as much as 4,000 gpm (gallons per minute). Clark County lies along the western flank of the Cascade Range. in the structural lowland (Willamette-Puget trough) between those mountains and the Coast Ranges to the west. The area covered by the report includes the urban, the suburban, and most of the agricultural lands in the county. These lands lie on a Series of nearly fiat plains and benches which rise steplike from the level of the Columbia River (a few feet above sea level) to about 800 feet above sea level. Clark County is-drained by the Columbia River (the trunk stream of the Pacific Northwest) and its tributaries. The Columbia River forms the southern and western boundaries of the county. Although the climate of the county is considered to be humid, the precipitation ranging from about 37 to more than 110 inches annually in various parts of the county, the unequal seasonal distribution (about 1.5 inches total for ;July and August in the agricultural area) makes irrigation highly desirable for most .crops and essential for some specialized crops. Consolidated rocks of Eocene to Miocene age, chiefly volcanic lava flows and pyroclastics but including some sedimentary strata, crop out in the foothills of the Cascades in the eastern part of the county and underlie the younger, unconsolidated rocks in the lowlands to the west At most places small to moderate quantities of water can be obtained from fractures in the older consolidated rocks. However, in the populated parts of the county, these rocks generally are overlain by considerable thicknesses of more permeable materials, and few wells have been drilled in them. Springs and dug wells yield an ample domestic supply at a number of outlying farms in the foothills. The younger (Pliocene to Recent) unconsolidated materials were deposited chiefly by streams in the basin formed by downwarping of the older rocks. However, some lake deposits and glacial drift also are included. The oldest unit of this group, the lower member of the Troutdale formation of Pliocene age, consists chiefly of clay, silt, and fine sand but includes lenses of coarser sand and, rarely, gravel. The maximum known thickness of the lower member of the Troutdale formation is about 660 feet. This unit is not a good aquifer because most of the strata are fine grained. However, at a few places drilled wells have penetrated lenses of coarser grained materials in these deposits and have obtained small to moderate amounts of water from them. The upper member of the Troutdale formation consists almost entirely of lightly to moderately cemented gravel, of which the most striking feature is the presence of a considerable percentage of quartzite pebbles. The average thickness of the upper member of the Troutdale may originally have been 300 to 400 feet. The member crops out over considerable areas in the county and, where conditions of topography and exposure are optimum, has beer very deeply weathered. It is suggested that the upper member of the Troutdale formation may prove to be of early Pleistocene age.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wsp1600","usgsCitation":"Mundorff, M.J., 1964, Geology and ground-water conditions of Clark County, Washington, with a description of a major alluvial aquifer along the Columbia River: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1600, Report: vi, 268 p.; 3 Plates: 35.00 x 50.19 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1600.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 268 p.; 3 Plates: 35.00 x 50.19 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":28281,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1600/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":28280,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1600/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":28279,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1600/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":414663,"rank":6,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_24789.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":28282,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1600/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":137781,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1600/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","county":"Clark 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Maurice John","contributorId":41404,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mundorff","given":"Maurice","email":"","middleInitial":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":145066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70175579,"text":"70175579 - 1964 - Records of wells and springs, water levels, and chemical quality of ground water in the East Portland area, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-17T11:24:53","indexId":"70175579","displayToPublicDate":"1963-12-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1964","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":115,"text":"Ground Water Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"title":"Records of wells and springs, water levels, and chemical quality of ground water in the East Portland area, Oregon","docAbstract":"<p><span class=\"EXLDetailsDisplayVal\">Data are presented on more than 300 <span class=\"searchword\">wells</span>, including many new ones whose <span class=\"searchword\">records</span> will not be a part of a forthcoming interpretative report on the occurrence of <span class=\"searchword\">ground</span> <span class=\"searchword\">water</span> in this <span class=\"searchword\">area</span>. A brief description of the geomorphic features is given, and the characteristics of the rock units are summarized in a table. Principal aquifers are beds of loose sand and gravel in the early Pliocene Troutdale Formation, late Pleistocene fluviolacustrine deposits, and Recent alluvium. Locally, Columbia River Basalt (Miocene) and the Boring Lava (late Pliocene to Pleistocene) yield substantial amounts of wate.. In addition to well <span class=\"searchword\">records</span> there are 124 driller's logs and a table of <span class=\"searchword\">chemical</span> analyses of the <span class=\"searchword\">ground</span> <span class=\"searchword\">water</span>.</span></p>","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Foxworthy, B., Hogenson, G., and Hampton, E.R., 1964, Records of wells and springs, water levels, and chemical quality of ground water in the East Portland area, Oregon: Ground Water Report.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326649,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57b58b57e4b03bcb0104bc4d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Foxworthy, B. L.","contributorId":45686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foxworthy","given":"B. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hogenson, G.M.","contributorId":69957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hogenson","given":"G.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hampton, E. R.","contributorId":57038,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hampton","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70179720,"text":"70179720 - 1963 - Ground-water conditions in the southern and central parts of the East Shore area, Utah, 1953-61","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-06T17:27:46","indexId":"70179720","displayToPublicDate":"2016-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1963","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5485,"text":"Utah Geological and Mineralogical Survey Water-Resources Bulletin","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"2","title":"Ground-water conditions in the southern and central parts of the East Shore area, Utah, 1953-61","docAbstract":"<p>The East Shore area is in north-central Utah between the Wasatch Range and Great Salt Lake, and it has been divided into the Bountiful, Weber Delta, and Brigham ground-water districts, from south to north. The area described in this report includes the Bountiful and Weber Delta districts and the southernmost part of the Brigham district. Long-term mean annual precipitation at Ogden is 17.07 inches, and the average annual temperature over the area is about 50°F. The population of the project area increased by 54 per cent from 1950 to 1960 and should increase rapidly in the future.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Utah Geological and Mineralogical Survey","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake City, UT","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State Engineer of Utah","usgsCitation":"Smith, R., and Gates, J., 1963, Ground-water conditions in the southern and central parts of the East Shore area, Utah, 1953-61: Utah Geological and Mineralogical Survey Water-Resources Bulletin 2, 41 p.","productDescription":"41 p.","numberOfPages":"45","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333191,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":333190,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://ugspub.nr.utah.gov/publications/water_resources_bulletins/WRB-2.pdf"}],"country":"United 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E.","contributorId":178301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Ralph E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gates, Joseph S.","contributorId":21647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gates","given":"Joseph S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70047675,"text":"70047675 - 1963 - Geology and ground-water resources of northwestern King County, Washington","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":47153,"text":"ofr60116 - 1960 - Geologic map and sections of northwestern King County, Washington","indexId":"ofr60116","publicationYear":"1960","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic map and sections of northwestern King County, Washington"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70047675,"text":"70047675 - 1963 - Geology and ground-water resources of northwestern King County, Washington","indexId":"70047675","publicationYear":"1963","noYear":false,"title":"Geology and ground-water resources of northwestern King County, Washington"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-09T13:05:00.38711","indexId":"70047675","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T10:02:00","publicationYear":"1963","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":148,"text":"Water Supply Bulletin","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"20","title":"Geology and ground-water resources of northwestern King County, Washington","docAbstract":"King County, in the west-central part of the State of Washington, includes about 2,135 square miles. The eastern part of the county lies in the Sierra-Cascade Mountains province and the remainder is in the Puget Trough of the Pacific Border province. The area covered by the present investigation is almost entirely within the Puget Trough and includes about 450 square miles.","language":"English","publisher":"Washington State Division of Water Resources","publisherLocation":"Olympia, WA","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with United States Geological Survey Ground-Water Branch","usgsCitation":"Liesch, B.A., Price, C.E., and Walters, K., 1963, Geology and ground-water resources of northwestern King County, Washington: Water Supply Bulletin 20, Report: 241 p.; 3 Plates: 46.00 x 31.00 inches or smaller.","productDescription":"Report: 241 p.; 3 Plates: 46.00 x 31.00 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":276742,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/70047675.JPG"},{"id":276741,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://fortress.wa.gov/ecy/publications/parts/wsb20part2.pdf","text":"Plate 1-3","description":"Plates 1-3"},{"id":378175,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://fortress.wa.gov/ecy/publications/SummaryPages/WSB20.html"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","county":"King County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.5431,47.0814 ], [ -122.5431,47.7824 ], [ -121.0682,47.7824 ], [ -121.0682,47.0814 ], [ -122.5431,47.0814 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52136e33e4b0b08f446198de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Liesch, Bruce A.","contributorId":71208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liesch","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Price, Charles E.","contributorId":38523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Price","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walters, Kenneth L.","contributorId":104099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walters","given":"Kenneth L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70039074,"text":"70039074 - 1963 - Rockford, Illinois; Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-08-10T01:01:51","indexId":"70039074","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T14:59:21","publicationYear":"1963","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"subseriesTitle":"Eastern United States 1:250,000, NK 16-4","title":"Rockford, Illinois; Wisconsin","docAbstract":"Topographic map of the Rockford, Illinois area and adjacent Wisconsin area.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/70039074","usgsCitation":"U.S. Army Map Service, 1963, Rockford, Illinois; Wisconsin, 1 Plate: col. 74 x 56 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/70039074.","productDescription":"1 Plate: col. 74 x 56 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":258971,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":261295,"rank":900,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70039074/plate-1.pdf"}],"scale":"250000","projection":"Transverse Mercator Projection","country":"United States","state":"Illinois;Wisconsin","city":"Beloit;Freeport;Janesville;Rockford","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -90,42 ], [ -90,43 ], [ -88,43 ], [ -88,42 ], [ -90,42 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aae12e4b0c8380cd8700a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"U.S. Army Map Service","contributorId":128088,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"U.S. Army Map Service","id":535215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70039488,"text":"70039488 - 1963 - Crustal structure from San Francisco, California, to Eureka, Nevada, from seismic-refraction measurements","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-08-08T01:02:14","indexId":"70039488","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T14:57:35","publicationYear":"1963","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":355,"text":"Crustal Studies Technical Letter","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"seriesNumber":"11","title":"Crustal structure from San Francisco, California, to Eureka, Nevada, from seismic-refraction measurements","docAbstract":"Seismic-refraction measurements from chemical explosions near San Francisco, California, and Fallon and Eureka, Nevada, were made along a line extending nearly 700 km inland from San Francisco across the Coast Ranges, Great Valley, Sierra Nevada, and Basin and Range Province. The velocity of P<sub>g</sub> in the Basin and Range Province was found to be 6.0 km/sec. Between Fallon and Eureka the velocity of P<sub>n</sub> is 7.8 km/sec, and just east of the Sierra Nevada it is about 7.9 km/sec. Two prominent phases closely following the first arrival between 50 and 250 km from the source in the Basin and Range Province were interpreted as reflections from an intermediate layer and from the Mohorovicic discontinuity. The velocity of P in the possible intermediate layer, deduced from the reflected phases be cause the refracted wave expected from this layer is nowhere a first arrival, seems to be 6.6 km/sec at the top of the layer and probably increases with depth.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/70039488","collaboration":"In cooperation with the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency","usgsCitation":"Eaton, J.P., 1963, Crustal structure from San Francisco, California, to Eureka, Nevada, from seismic-refraction measurements: Crustal Studies Technical Letter 11, 55 p.; ill.; map, https://doi.org/10.3133/70039488.","productDescription":"55 p.; ill.; map","startPage":"1","endPage":"55","numberOfPages":"59","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":259492,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":259482,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/misc/tl/0011/tl0011.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":259483,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/misc/tl/0011/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California;Nevada","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fce8e4b0c8380cd4e4df","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eaton, Jerry P.","contributorId":22341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eaton","given":"Jerry","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70039486,"text":"70039486 - 1963 - Traveltimes and amplitudes from nuclear explosions; Nevada Test Site to Ordway, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-08-08T01:02:14","indexId":"70039486","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T14:27:14","publicationYear":"1963","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":355,"text":"Crustal Studies Technical Letter","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"seriesNumber":"10","title":"Traveltimes and amplitudes from nuclear explosions; Nevada Test Site to Ordway, Colorado","docAbstract":"This paper treats the results of a study of seismic waves generated by eight nuclear explosions and recorded at 31 locations between the Nevada Test Site (NTS) and Ordway, Colorado. The line of recording stations crosses the eastern part of the Basin and Range Province, the Colorado Plateau, the southern Rocky Mountains, and extends into the Great Plains. In the eastern Basin and Range Province and the western margin of the Colorado Plateau (0 &le; &Delta; &le; 385 km ), the time-distance curves for P<sub>g</sub> and P<sub>n</sub> can be expressed, respectively, as T<sub>1</sub> = 0.8 + &Delta;/6.0. T<sub>3</sub> = 5.8 + &Delta;/7.6. A third phase, tentatively identified as P*, is represented by the equation T2 = 3.8 + &Delta;/6.5. Using the crustal structure and P<sub>n</sub> velocity (7.9 km/ sec) found for the NTS region by other authors, these relations indicate that the thickness of the crust increases from about 25 km at NTS to about 42 km in the western part of the Colorado Plateau Province. East of this boundary the velocity of P in the upper mantle increases to 8.0 km/sec; depth to the Mohorovicic discontinuity is approximately constant over the range 435 &le; &Delta; &le; 645 km. Beyond 850 km, first arrivals indicate an apparent velocity of about 8.4 km/sec. Amplitudes of P<sub>n</sub> attenuate according to the equation A = A<sub>o</sub> &Delta;<sup>-1/2</sup>(&Delta; -d)<sup>-3/2</sup> e<sup>-0.0022&Delta;</sup> over the distance range 150 &le; &Delta; &le; 850 km. This relation yields a value of Q, for P<sub>n</sub> of about 520. The amplitudes of P<sub>g</sub> attenuates extremely rapidly, and beyond about 130 km this phase cannot be identified with certainty. An extension of the P<sub>g</sub> traveltime branch at large distances could be associated with waves reflected beyond the critical angle, from the base of the crust. This phase, called  ?P after Mohorovicic, appears to attenuate as A = Ao e<sup>-0.076&Delta;</sup> &Delta;<sup>-1/2</sup>. The value of Q indicated by this equation is about 200.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/70039486","collaboration":"In cooperation with the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency","usgsCitation":"Ryall, A., and Stuart, D., 1963, Traveltimes and amplitudes from nuclear explosions; Nevada Test Site to Ordway, Colorado: Crustal Studies Technical Letter 10, ill.; map, https://doi.org/10.3133/70039486.","productDescription":"ill.; map","startPage":"1","endPage":"41","numberOfPages":"45","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":259490,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":259481,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/misc/tl/0010/tl0010.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":259480,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/misc/tl/0010/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada;Colorado","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb78ae4b08c986b327327","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ryall, Alan","contributorId":16263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryall","given":"Alan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stuart, David J.","contributorId":25807,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stuart","given":"David J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70039282,"text":"70039282 - 1963 - Structure of the crust and upper mantle in the western United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-08-01T01:01:41","indexId":"70039282","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T13:34:17","publicationYear":"1963","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":355,"text":"Crustal Studies Technical Letter","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"seriesNumber":"8","title":"Structure of the crust and upper mantle in the western United States","docAbstract":"Seismic waves generated by underground nuclear and chemical explosions have been recorded in a network of nearly 2,000 stations in the western conterminous United States as a part of the VELA UNIFORM program. The network extends from eastern Colorado to the California coastline and from central Idaho to the border of the United States and Mexico. The speed of compressional waves in the upper-mantle rocks ranges from 7.7 km/sec in the southern part of the Basin and Range province to 8.2 km/sec in the Great Plains province. In general, the speed of compressional waves in the upper-mantle rocks tends to be nearly the same over large areas within individual geologic provinces. Measured crustal thickness ranges from less than 20 km in the Central Valley of California to 50 km in the Great Plains province. Changes in crustal thickness across provincial boundaries are not controlled by regional altitude above sea level unless the properties of the upper mantle are the same across those boundaries. The crust tends to be thick in regions where the speed of compressional waves in the upper-mantle rocks (and presumably the density) is high, and tends to be relatively thin where the speed of compressional waves in the upper-mantle rocks (and density) is lower. With in the Basin and Range province, crustal thickness seems to vary directly with regional altitude above sea level. Evidence that a layer of intermediate compressional-wave speed exists in the lower part of the crust has been accumulated from seismic waves that have traveled least-time paths, as well as secondary arrivals (particularly reflections). On a scale that includes many geologic provinces, isostatic compensation is related largely to variations in the density of the upper- mantle rocks. Within geologic provinces or adjacent provinces, isostatic compensation may be related to variations in the thickness of crustal layers. Regions of thick crust and dense upper mantle have been relatively stable in Cenozoic time. Regions of thinner crust and low-density upper mantle have had a Cenozoic history of intense diastrophism and silicic volcanism.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/70039282","collaboration":"In cooperation with the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency","usgsCitation":"Pakiser, L.C., 1963, Structure of the crust and upper mantle in the western United States: Crustal Studies Technical Letter 8, 33 p.; ill.; maps, https://doi.org/10.3133/70039282.","productDescription":"33 p.; ill.; maps","startPage":"1","endPage":"33","numberOfPages":"37","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":259334,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":259313,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/misc/tl/0008/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":259314,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/misc/tl/0008/tl0008.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9c63e4b08c986b31d3dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pakiser, L. C.","contributorId":83512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pakiser","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70039280,"text":"70039280 - 1963 - Seismic-refraction measurements of crustal structure between Santa Monica Bay and Lake Mead","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-08-01T01:01:41","indexId":"70039280","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T12:36:37","publicationYear":"1963","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":355,"text":"Crustal Studies Technical Letter","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"seriesNumber":"7","title":"Seismic-refraction measurements of crustal structure between Santa Monica Bay and Lake Mead","docAbstract":"A reversed seismic-refraction profile was recorded between Santa Monica Bay, California, and Lake Mead, Nevada, during November 1961. Depth to the Mohorovicic discontinuity was determined to be approximately 29 km at Santa Monica Bay, 36 km under the Transverse Ranges, 26 km under the Mojave Desert, and 30 km at Lake Mead. Prominent events on the seismograms in the distance range 30 to 150 km are interpreted as reflections from the Mohorovicic discontinuity and from a crustal layer of intermediate velocity. These reflected events are used to make a detailed interpretation of crustal structure. The velocity of compressional waves in the mantle immediately below the Mohorovicic discontinuity was determined to be 7.8 km/sec. The velocity of compressional waves in the intermediate layer is near 7.0 km/sec. The apparent velocity of the direct arrival in the crustal rocks near the surface is 6.l km/sec north-east of Santa Monica Bay, and 6.1 km/sec southwest of Lake Mead. The higher apparent velocity for the direct arrival from Santa Monica Bay seems to be the result of thinning toward the east of low-velocity rocks near the surface. These low-velocity near-surface rocks are Cenozoic sedimentary rocks and fractured and weathered granitic and metamorphic rocks. The velocity of Sg was determined to be 3.4. km/sec near Lake Mead. A prominent phase with apparent velocity of 6.3 to 6.4 km/sec was recorded at distances beyond 200 km. This phase is identified as P and is interpreted as a reflection from the intermediate layer. Amplitude measurements support the conclusion that the P phase is a reflected arrival.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/70039280","collaboration":"In cooperation with the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency","usgsCitation":"Roller, J.C., and Healy, J., 1963, Seismic-refraction measurements of crustal structure between Santa Monica Bay and Lake Mead: Crustal Studies Technical Letter 7, 37 p.; ill.; map, https://doi.org/10.3133/70039280.","productDescription":"37 p.; ill.; map","startPage":"1","endPage":"37","numberOfPages":"41","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":259303,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/misc/tl/0007/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":259304,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/misc/tl/0007/tl0007.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":259310,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California;Nevada","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8b85e4b08c986b3178c5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roller, John C.","contributorId":60642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roller","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Healy, John H.","contributorId":19562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Healy","given":"John H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":465951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5220387,"text":"5220387 - 1963 - Nesting ecology and reproductive rate of the red-winged blackbird in tidal marshes of the upper Chesapeake Bay region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-18T13:52:00.115193","indexId":"5220387","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:17:32","publicationYear":"1963","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1228,"text":"Chesapeake Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nesting ecology and reproductive rate of the red-winged blackbird in tidal marshes of the upper Chesapeake Bay region","docAbstract":"The nesting ecology and reproductive rate of the polygynous red-winged blackbird, Agelaius phoeniceus, were studied in the tidal marshes of Maryland during the period of 1958 through 1961. Sixteen nesting colonies were located in six major marsh communities of the Eastern Shore and were visited approximately twice a week from late April to mid-August. The average clutch size for 537 clutches was 3.3 eggs, with a range of 2 to 5 eggs. The ratio of territorial males to nesting females was 1:1.9. There was direct evidence of double broods by four females. The average number of young produced was 4.2 per breeding female or 8.1 per breeding male. Nesting success for the total of 675 active nests was 57%, with a range from 38% to 69% in the colonies. Robust plants that held constant form throughout the nesting season supported 95% of the nests, and the success of these nests was 58%; in contrast, non-robust plants supported only 5% of the nests, and success of this group of nests was only 26%. Nesting success varied with height from ground: 45% for nests less than 2 feet from the ground, 55% for those 2 to 4 feet, and 62% for those more than 4 feet. Histories of 749 nests were summarized by stages: 749 newly built, 675 with eggs, 424 with nestlings, and 388 with fledging young.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.2307/1350827","usgsCitation":"Meanley, B., and Webb, J., 1963, Nesting ecology and reproductive rate of the red-winged blackbird in tidal marshes of the upper Chesapeake Bay region: Chesapeake Science, v. 4, no. 2, p. 90-100, https://doi.org/10.2307/1350827.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"90","endPage":"100","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196471,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Chesapeake Bay region","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -77.7732013327781,\n              39.84210143243004\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.7732013327781,\n              36.49178019650874\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.9607013327785,\n              36.49178019650874\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.9607013327785,\n              39.84210143243004\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.7732013327781,\n              39.84210143243004\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4affe4b07f02db697c0b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meanley, B.","contributorId":43867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meanley","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":331748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Webb, J.S.","contributorId":77253,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webb","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":331749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":64248,"text":"gp428 - 1963 - Aeromagnetic map of the east-central part of the Death Valley National Monument, Inyo County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-24T18:34:24.306448","indexId":"gp428","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1963","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":317,"text":"Geophysical Investigations Map","code":"GP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"428","title":"Aeromagnetic map of the east-central part of the Death Valley National Monument, Inyo County, California","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/gp428","usgsCitation":"Andreasen, G.E., and Petrafeso, F., 1963, Aeromagnetic map of the east-central part of the Death Valley National Monument, Inyo County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Geophysical Investigations Map 428, 1 Plate: 19.59 x 33.55 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/gp428.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 19.59 x 33.55 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":485023,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_3370.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":254287,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gp/0428/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":250823,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gp/0428/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":250822,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gp/0428/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"62500","country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Inyo County","otherGeospatial":"Death Valley National Monument","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -116.9167,\n              36.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.9167,\n              36.0833\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.6667,\n              36.0833\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.6667,\n              36.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.9167,\n              36.5\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68a760","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Andreasen, G. E.","contributorId":105315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andreasen","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":270307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Petrafeso, F.A.","contributorId":40656,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petrafeso","given":"F.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":270306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1298,"text":"wsp1419 - 1963 - Geologic and hydrologic features of the San Bernardino area, California; with special reference to underflow across the San Jacinto fault","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":51238,"text":"ofr5358 - 1953 - San Bernardion Area, California: Three maps showing water-level contours for the San Bernardino area for spring 1936, spring 1945, and spring 1951; east-west geologic section from Colton to Mill Creek Canyon; geologic section from Shandin Hills southeast to Bryn Mawr; and water level profiles along the section from Colton to Mill Creek Canyon","indexId":"ofr5358","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"title":"San Bernardion Area, California: Three maps showing water-level contours for the San Bernardino area for spring 1936, spring 1945, and spring 1951; east-west geologic section from Colton to Mill Creek Canyon; geologic section from Shandin Hills southeast to Bryn Mawr; and water level profiles along the section from Colton to Mill Creek Canyon"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":1298,"text":"wsp1419 - 1963 - Geologic and hydrologic features of the San Bernardino area, California; with special reference to underflow across the San Jacinto fault","indexId":"wsp1419","publicationYear":"1963","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic and hydrologic features of the San Bernardino area, California; with special reference to underflow across the San Jacinto fault"},"id":1},{"subject":{"id":51253,"text":"ofr5376 - 1953 - Maps and sections showing ground-water conditions in the San Bernardino area, California","indexId":"ofr5376","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"title":"Maps and sections showing ground-water conditions in the San Bernardino area, California"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":1298,"text":"wsp1419 - 1963 - Geologic and hydrologic features of the San Bernardino area, California; with special reference to underflow across the San Jacinto fault","indexId":"wsp1419","publicationYear":"1963","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic and hydrologic features of the San Bernardino area, California; with special reference to underflow across the San Jacinto fault"},"id":2}],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-01T20:10:25.234553","indexId":"wsp1419","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1963","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1419","title":"Geologic and hydrologic features of the San Bernardino area, California; with special reference to underflow across the San Jacinto fault","docAbstract":"<p>This is the second in a series of interpretive reports on subsurface outflow from the ground-water basins of San Bernardino County, Calif., prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the San Bernardino County Flood Control District. One principal purpose of the study was to estimate the ground-water outflow from the Bunker Hill basin to the Rialto-Colton basin across the San Jacinto fault, which, except locally, forms a nearly impermeable boundary between the two basins. In addition, the report deals qualitatively with the geology, the fault barriers that divide the area into several ground-water basins, the physical nature and degree of imperviousness of the barriers, the occurrence and movement of ground water and fluctuations of water level in the basins, and the chemical quality of surface and ground waters in the San Bernardino area. The report includes a geologic map and sections, water-level-contour maps and profiles, and hydrographs of selected well. The Santa Ana River, the principal stream, flows generally westward across the area. Channels of the river and its tributaries overlie a large irregular structural depression filled with alluvial deposits ranging in age from late Tertiary to Recent and forming a valley bounded on the north by the San Gabriel Mountains, on the east by the San Bernardino Mountains, and on the south by an irregular group of hills. Large alluvial fans underlie most of the area, but its landforms also include alluvial benches and terraces near the mountains, stream channels, and elongate hills, ridges, and scarps along the trace of the San Jacinto fault, which strikes northwestward across the valley about in the center of the area. This fault and others divide the area into ground-water basins, which include the Bunker Hill, Rialto-Colton, upper and lower Lytle and Chino basins. The water-bearing deposits include the following units: the younger alluvium. of Recent age, which occupies principally the backfilled channels beneath the Santa Ana River and its tributaries and through which ground water moves from Bunker Hill basin to Rialto-Colton basin; the older alluvium, of Pleistocene age, which is the principal water-bearing unit of the area and yields water to more than a thousand wells; and continental deposits of Tertiary to Quaternary age, which crop out along the southern margin of the area and locally along the San Gabriel Mountains on the north. The younger alluvium attains a maximum thickness of about 125 feet beneath the Santa Ana River south of San Bernardino. Locally in the Bunker Hill basin it is composed of two members, an upper member of relatively impermeable clay and a lower member of highly permeable material in which water is confined by the upper member. The older alluvium locally has a known thickness greater than 700 feet; elsewhere in the San Bernardino Valley it may exceed 1,400 feet. Locally, where ground water is confined in Bunker Hill basin, the older alluvium is divided into three permeable water-bearing zones separated from each other and from the younger alluvium above by less permeable zones. In parts of Chino and Rialto-Colton basins the alluvium consists of a coarse-grained facies along a former course of a major stream that is interfingered with and overlain by relatively fine-grained deposits. The permeability of the younger alluvium in the area beneath the Santa Ana River downstream from the San Jacinto fault was determined from tests to be about 2,700 gallons per day per square foot. The permeability of the coarse water-yielding materials of the older alluvium several miles downstream was estimated from tests to be about the same magnitude. Rocks that yield practically no water include continental rocks of Tertiary age, which are not exposed in the area but are tapped by wells in Rialto-Colton basin, and crystalline and metamorphic rocks of pre-Tertiary age that form the bedrock of the area.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wsp1419","usgsCitation":"Dutcher, L., and Garrett, A., 1963, Geologic and hydrologic features of the San Bernardino area, California; with special reference to underflow across the San Jacinto fault: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1419, Report: vi, 114 p.; 19 Plates: \t37.00 × 52.19 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1419.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 114 p.; 19 Plates: \t37.00 × 52.19 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":26304,"rank":412,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1419/plate-13.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26303,"rank":411,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1419/plate-12.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26302,"rank":410,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1419/plate-11.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26301,"rank":409,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1419/plate-10.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26300,"rank":408,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1419/plate-09.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26299,"rank":407,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1419/plate-08.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26298,"rank":406,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1419/plate-07.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26297,"rank":405,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1419/plate-06.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26296,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1419/plate-05.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26295,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1419/plate-04.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26294,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1419/plate-03.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26293,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1419/plate-02.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26310,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1419/plate-19.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26292,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1419/plate-01.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26309,"rank":417,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1419/plate-18.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26308,"rank":416,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1419/plate-17.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26307,"rank":415,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1419/plate-16.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26306,"rank":414,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1419/plate-15.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26305,"rank":413,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1419/plate-14.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":26311,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1419/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":137046,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1419/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":395239,"rank":22,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_24373.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Bernardino area","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -117.41638183593749,\n              33.96272530662602\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.01675415039064,\n              33.96272530662602\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.01675415039064,\n              34.1902217928623\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.41638183593749,\n              34.1902217928623\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.41638183593749,\n              33.96272530662602\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  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,{"id":2206,"text":"wsp1475M - 1963 - Ground-water resources of the Bryce Canyon National Park area, Utah, with a section on the drilling of a test well","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":23797,"text":"ofr5866 - 1958 - Ground-water resources of the Bryce Canyon National Park area, Utah","indexId":"ofr5866","publicationYear":"1958","noYear":false,"title":"Ground-water resources of the Bryce Canyon National Park area, Utah"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":2206,"text":"wsp1475M - 1963 - Ground-water resources of the Bryce Canyon National Park area, Utah, with a section on the drilling of a test well","indexId":"wsp1475M","publicationYear":"1963","noYear":false,"chapter":"M","title":"Ground-water resources of the Bryce Canyon National Park area, Utah, with a section on the drilling of a test well"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-17T18:55:36.649675","indexId":"wsp1475M","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1963","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1475","chapter":"M","title":"Ground-water resources of the Bryce Canyon National Park area, Utah, with a section on the drilling of a test well","docAbstract":"<p>The water need at Bryce Canyon National Park in 1957 was about 1.3 million cubic feet for a tourist season that lasted from the middle of May to the middle of October. To evaluate the adequacy of water-supply sources, a hypothetical future need of 5 million cubic feet of water per season is used. This amount of water might be obtained from the East Fork of the Sevier River, from wells in the alluvium of the East Fork, from Yellow Creek Spring and nearby springs, which are below the canyon rim, or from a well drilled about 2,000 feet to the top of the Tropic shale. Although the present source of water, consisting of wells in the alluvium of East Creek valley, may be an important supplemental source in the future, it will not yield sufficient water in dry years to meet the total demand for water at the park.</p><p>The yield of Yellow Creek Spring and nearby springs is estimated at a total of 7.8 million cubic feet of water per season. The springs provide water of satisfactory chemical quality, and are a reliable source even in times of drought. A serious disadvantage of using this source of water is the difficulty of constructing a pipeline over extremely rugged terrain from the source to the lodge and headquarters area.</p><p>A well drilled to the top of the Tropic shale of Cretaceous age in the lodge and headquarters area might penetrate two or more aquifers, one at the base of the Wasatch formation of Eocene age and one or more in the Wahweap and Straight Cliffs sandstones of Cretaceous age. The yield of this well would depend to a large degree on the number of fractures encountered. To assure the most favorable conditions for intercepting fracture zones in the bedrock, a test-well site is proposed near the crest of a gentle anticline where tension fractures in the rocks should be common.</p><p>Shallow wells in the alluvium of East Creek valley cannot be depended upon to yield sufficient water in times of drought, but they are nevertheless an important source. The water-storage capacity of the alluvium of East Creek valley in the vicinity of the wells of the Utah Parks Co. is estimated at 1.4 million cubic feet. By lowering the water table in the valley uniformly without creating excessively large cones of depression, the alluvium could supply the 1.3 million cubic feet of water per season estimated as the water need in 1957. However, in times of drought this alluvium cannot supply the hypothetical future needs of 5 million cubic feet of water per season.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrology of the Public Domain (Water Supply Paper 1475)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/wsp1475M","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service, Department of the Interior","usgsCitation":"Marine, I.W., 1963, Ground-water resources of the Bryce Canyon National Park area, Utah, with a section on the drilling of a test well: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1475, Report: iv, 46 p.; 3 Plates: 16.20 x 24.41 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1475M.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 46 p.; 3 Plates: 16.20 x 24.41 inches or smaller","startPage":"441","endPage":"486","numberOfPages":"50","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":430318,"rank":6,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_24416.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":27877,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1475m/plate-2.pdf","text":"Plate 25","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"<i>A</i>, Map of East Creek Valley showing area underlain by alluvium; <i>B</i>, North-South section of East Creek Valley showing inferred maximum depth to bedrock and the position of the water table in May 1957"},{"id":27876,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1475m/plate-1.pdf","text":"Plate 24","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"Map of Bryce Canyon National Park area, Utah, showing physiographic features and the location of springs and wells"},{"id":138341,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1475m/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":27879,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1475m/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":27878,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1475m/plate-3.pdf","text":"Plate 26","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"Logs of the test well at Bryce Canyon National Park, Utah"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Bryce Canyon National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -112.47262325325637,\n              37.73847091078626\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.47262325325637,\n              37.27074325321638\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.06792128542472,\n              37.27074325321638\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.06792128542472,\n              37.73847091078626\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.47262325325637,\n              37.73847091078626\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66dde6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Marine, I. 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,{"id":59771,"text":"mf261 - 1963 - Structure-contour map of the Olive Hill Clay Bed in northeastern Kentucky","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-17T14:20:29","indexId":"mf261","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1963","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"261","title":"Structure-contour map of the Olive Hill Clay Bed in northeastern Kentucky","docAbstract":"<p>The gently dipping Olive Hill Clay Bed of Crider (1913) crops out in belt about 15 miles \\vidc and 60 miles long from the Ohio River near Portsmouth, Ohio, south-southwesterly to Frenchburg, Ky. (see inset map).</p><p>The purpose of the structure-contour map presented here is to aid exploration by showing the elevations at which the Olive Hill Clay Bed occurs. The strudure contours indicate the depths that mu;,t be reached in prospecting for the clay. The approximate depth of the clay at any one point is the difference between elevations of the structure and topographic contours. The clay has been thoroughly prospected along its out.crop belt and in most areas \\Vhe re it lies under overburden less than 200 feet thick. The depth of the clay bed increase,; eastward from the outcrop belt, and large potential resources are likely to occur at depths greater than 200 feet.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/mf261","usgsCitation":"Hosterman, J.W., 1963, Structure-contour map of the Olive Hill Clay Bed in northeastern Kentucky: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 261, 28.85 x 36.10 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf261.","productDescription":"28.85 x 36.10 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":183807,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/0261/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":360385,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/0261/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Kentucky","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -83.75,37.8675 ], [ -83.75,39.8675 ], [ -83.25,39.8675 ], [ -83.25,37.8675 ], [ -83.75,37.8675 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b07e4b07f02db69ad68","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hosterman, John W.","contributorId":48962,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hosterman","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":262551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":6417,"text":"pp359 - 1963 - Economic geology of the Central City district, Gilpin County, Colorado","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":16011,"text":"ofr54285 - 1954 - Preliminary geologic and vein maps of part of the Central City district, Gilpin and Clear Creek Counties, Colorado","indexId":"ofr54285","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"title":"Preliminary geologic and vein maps of part of the Central City district, Gilpin and Clear Creek Counties, Colorado"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":6417,"text":"pp359 - 1963 - Economic geology of the Central City district, Gilpin County, Colorado","indexId":"pp359","publicationYear":"1963","noYear":false,"title":"Economic geology of the Central City district, Gilpin County, Colorado"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-28T11:05:52","indexId":"pp359","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1963","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"359","title":"Economic geology of the Central City district, Gilpin County, Colorado","docAbstract":"<p>The Central City district, in Gilpin County, Colo., is on the east flank of the Front Range, about 30 miles west of Denver. The district is the most important mining camp in the Front Range mineral belt, and has yielded more than $100 million worth of gold, silver, uranium, and base-metal ores since 1859. Gold accounts for about 85 percent of the dollar value of the ore. In recent years mining activity has been slack but from 1950 to 1955 the search for uranium ores stimulated prospecting and development.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/pp359","usgsCitation":"Sims, P., Drake, A.A., and Tooker, E.W., 1963, Economic geology of the Central City district, Gilpin County, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 359, Report: 231 p.; 12 Plates: 57.77 x 39.75 inches and smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp359.","productDescription":"Report: 231 p.; 12 Plates: 57.77 x 39.75 inches and smaller","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":308639,"rank":302,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0359/plate-2.pdf","text":"Plate 2","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":308640,"rank":303,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0359/plate-3.pdf","text":"Plate 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