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frequency of lahars and lahar-runout flows in the Toutle-Cowlitz River system","indexId":"pp1447B","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"chapter":"B","title":"Magnitude and frequency of lahars and lahar-runout flows in the Toutle-Cowlitz River system"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:53","indexId":"pp1447B","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1447","chapter":"B","title":"Magnitude and frequency of lahars and lahar-runout flows in the Toutle-Cowlitz River system","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/pp1447B","usgsCitation":"Scott, K.M., 1989, Magnitude and frequency of lahars and lahar-runout flows in the Toutle-Cowlitz River system: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1447, P. B1-B33, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1447B.","productDescription":"P. B1-B33","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":119210,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1447b/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":64828,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1447b/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db649632","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scott, K. M.","contributorId":8119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":15638,"text":"ofr8932 - 1989 - Geologic and hydrologic data for the Rustler Formation near the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant, southeastern New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:02","indexId":"ofr8932","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-32","title":"Geologic and hydrologic data for the Rustler Formation near the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant, southeastern New Mexico","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey is investigating the geohydrology in the vicinity of the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant in southeastern New Mexico. Data presented were compiled in support of a regional groundwater flow model. The data include water level measurements obtained from the U.S. Geological Survey 's Groundwater Site-Inventory and OMNIANA data bases and stratigraphic information interpreted from commercial geophysical logs. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division,","doi":"10.3133/ofr8932","usgsCitation":"Richey, S.F., 1989, Geologic and hydrologic data for the Rustler Formation near the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant, southeastern New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-32, iii, 72 p. ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr8932.","productDescription":"iii, 72 p. ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":147676,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0032/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":44602,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0032/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b16e4b07f02db6a53f4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Richey, Steven F.","contributorId":50511,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richey","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":171476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":26413,"text":"wri884214 - 1989 - Calibration and use of an interactive-accounting model to simulate dissolved solids, streamflow, and water-supply operations in the Arkansas River basin, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:33","indexId":"wri884214","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-4214","title":"Calibration and use of an interactive-accounting model to simulate dissolved solids, streamflow, and water-supply operations in the Arkansas River basin, Colorado","docAbstract":"An interactive-accounting model was used to simulate dissolved solids, streamflow, and water supply operations in the Arkansas River basin, Colorado. Model calibration of specific conductance to streamflow relations at three sites enabled computation of dissolved-solids loads throughout the basin. To simulate streamflow only, all water supply operations were incorporated in the regression relations for streamflow. Calibration for 1940-85 resulted in coefficients of determination that ranged from 0.89 to 0.58, and values in excess of 0.80 were determined for 16 of 20 nodes. The model then incorporated 74 water users and 11 reservoirs to simulate the water supply operations for two periods, 1943-74 and 1975-85. For the 1943-74 calibration, coefficients of determination for streamflow ranged from 0.87 to 0.02. Calibration of the water supply operations resulted in coefficients of determination that ranged from 0.87 to negative for simulated irrigation diversions of 37 selected water users. Calibration for 1975-85 was not evaluated statistically, but average values and plots of reservoir contents indicated reasonableness of the simulation. To demonstrate the utility of the model, six specific alternatives were simulated to consider effects of potential enlargement of Pueblo Reservoir. Three general major alternatives were simulated: the 1975-85 calibrated model data, the calibrated model data with an addition of 30 cu ft/sec in Fountain Creek flows, and the calibrated model data plus additional municipal water in storage. These three major alternatives considered the options of reservoir enlargement or no enlargement. A 40,000-acre-foot reservoir enlargement resulted in average increases of 2,500 acre-ft in transmountain diversions, of 800 acre-ft in storage diversions, and of 100 acre-ft in winter-water storage. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri884214","usgsCitation":"Burns, A., 1989, Calibration and use of an interactive-accounting model to simulate dissolved solids, streamflow, and water-supply operations in the Arkansas River basin, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 88-4214, v, 116 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri884214.","productDescription":"v, 116 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123518,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4214/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55208,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4214/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae3e4b07f02db6892ba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burns, A.W.","contributorId":65498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burns","given":"A.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":11842,"text":"ofr89103 - 1989 - Analyses and descriptions of geochemical samples, central part of the Southern Nantahala Wilderness, Rabun and Towns counties, Georgia, and Clay and Macon counties, North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:45","indexId":"ofr89103","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-103","title":"Analyses and descriptions of geochemical samples, central part of the Southern Nantahala Wilderness, Rabun and Towns counties, Georgia, and Clay and Macon counties, North Carolina","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr89103","usgsCitation":"Adrian, B.M., Peper, J., Fairfield, R.J., Laudon, L., and Edwards, C., 1989, Analyses and descriptions of geochemical samples, central part of the Southern Nantahala Wilderness, Rabun and Towns counties, Georgia, and Clay and Macon counties, North Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-103, 23 p. :map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr89103.","productDescription":"23 p. :map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":146502,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0103/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":39742,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0103/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad5e4b07f02db683893","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Adrian, Betty M. badrian@usgs.gov","contributorId":258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adrian","given":"Betty","email":"badrian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":5060,"text":"Data Preservation Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":163856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peper, J. D.","contributorId":29387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peper","given":"J. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fairfield, R. 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","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri894055","usgsCitation":"Carter, R., Hopkins, E.H., and Perlman, H., 1989, Low-flow profiles of the Coosa River and tributaries in Georgia: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 89-4055, iv, 217 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri894055.","productDescription":"iv, 217 p.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":382719,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4055/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":158439,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4055/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","otherGeospatial":"Coosa 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H.","contributorId":18411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hopkins","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Perlman, H.A.","contributorId":84406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perlman","given":"H.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":17205,"text":"ofr89408 - 1989 - Ground-water data for Georgia, 1988","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-12-17T20:02:58.611378","indexId":"ofr89408","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-408","title":"Ground-water data for Georgia, 1988","docAbstract":"Continuous water-level records from 144 wells and water-level measurements from an additional 617 wells in Georgia during 1988 provide the basic data for this report. Daily mean water-level hydrographs for selected wells illustrate the effects that changes ln recharge and discharge have had on the ground-water reservoirs in the State during 1988. Monthly mean water levels are shown for the 10-year period 1979-88. Maps showing the potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan aquifer for Hay 1988 and the Claiborne and Clayton aquifers for October 1988 also are presented.\r\n\r\nAnnual mean water levels in Georgia generally were below those measured in 1987; water levels ranged from 6.9 feet higher to 7.3 feet lower. Record-low water levels were measured during the last half of 1988 in 18 wells tapping the crystalline rock aquifer, the Cretaceous rock aquifer system, the Midville aquifer system, and the Clayton, Upper Floridan, and upper Brunswick aquifers. These record lows were from 0.1 to 1.4 feet lower than the previous record lows. A prolonged drought resulted in decreased recharge to the aquifers and increased ground-water pumping, which caused water levels to decline.\r\n\r\nWater-quality samples collected periodically throughout Georgia are analyzed as part of areal and regional ground-water studies. Maps showing chloride concentrations in the Upper Floridan aquifer in October 1988 in coastal Georgia and in the Savannah and Brunswick areas are presented. Periodic monitoring of water quality in the Savannah and Brunswick areas indicates that chloride concentrations in the Upper Floridan generally have remained stable.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr89408","usgsCitation":"Joiner, C.N., Peck, M., Reynolds, M.S., and Stayton, W.L., 1989, Ground-water data for Georgia, 1988: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-408, xvi, 176 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr89408.","productDescription":"xvi, 176 p.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":406547,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index 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A.","contributorId":39401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winters","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":183229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":18087,"text":"ofr89290 - 1989 - Maps showing landslide features and related ground deformation in the Woodlawn area of the Manoa Valley, City and County of Honolulu, Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:15","indexId":"ofr89290","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-290","title":"Maps showing landslide features and related ground deformation in the Woodlawn area of the Manoa Valley, City and County of Honolulu, Hawaii","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr89290","usgsCitation":"Baum, R.L., Fleming, R.W., and Ellen, S.D., 1989, Maps showing landslide features and related ground deformation in the Woodlawn area of the Manoa Valley, City and County of Honolulu, Hawaii: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-290, 16 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr89290.","productDescription":"16 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":149188,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0290/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":47447,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0290/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":47448,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0290/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":47449,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0290/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a19e4b07f02db605b2d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baum, Rex L. 0000-0001-5337-1970 baum@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5337-1970","contributorId":1288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baum","given":"Rex","email":"baum@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":178520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fleming, Robert W.","contributorId":102062,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleming","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ellen, Stephen D.","contributorId":107300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellen","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":38531,"text":"pp1370A - 1989 - Studies of geology and hydrology in the Basin and Range Province, Southwestern United States, for isolation of high-level radioactive waste - Basis of characterization and evaluation","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":12310,"text":"ofr84738 - 1985 - Studies of geology and hydrology in the Basin and Range Province, Southwestern United States, for isolation of high-level radioactive waste; basis of characterization and evaluation","indexId":"ofr84738","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"title":"Studies of geology and hydrology in the Basin and Range Province, Southwestern United States, for isolation of high-level radioactive waste; basis of characterization and evaluation"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":38531,"text":"pp1370A - 1989 - Studies of geology and hydrology in the Basin and Range Province, Southwestern United States, for isolation of high-level radioactive waste - Basis of characterization and evaluation","indexId":"pp1370A","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"chapter":"A","title":"Studies of geology and hydrology in the Basin and Range Province, Southwestern United States, for isolation of high-level radioactive waste - Basis of characterization and evaluation"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-31T15:48:37","indexId":"pp1370A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1370","chapter":"A","title":"Studies of geology and hydrology in the Basin and Range Province, Southwestern United States, for isolation of high-level radioactive waste - Basis of characterization and evaluation","docAbstract":"The geologic and hydrologic factors in selected regions of the Basin and Range province were examined to identify prospective areas for further study that may provide isolation of high-level radioactive waste from the accessible environment. The six regions selected for study were characterized with respect to the following guidelines: (1) Potential repository media; (2) Quaternary tectonic conditions; (3) climatic change and geomorphic processes; (4) ground-water conditions; (5) ground-water quality; and (6) mineral and energy resources.
The repository medium will function as the first natural barrier to radionuclide travel by virtue of associated slow ground-water velocity. The principal rock types considered as host media include granitic, intermediate, and mafic intrusive rocks; argillaceous rocks; salt and anhydrite; volcanic mudflow (laharic) breccias; some intrusive rhyolitic plugs and stocks; partially zeolitized tuff; and metamorphic rocks. In the unsaturated zone, the permeability and hydrologic properties of the rocks and the hydrologic setting are more important than the rock type. Media ideally should be permeable to provide drainage and should have a minimal water flux
The ground-water flow path from a repository to the accessible environment needs to present major barriers to the transport of radionuclides. Factors considered in evaluating the ground-water conditions include ground-water traveltimes and quality, confining beds, and earth materials favorable for retardation of radionuclides.
Ground-water velocities in the regions were calculated from estimated hydraulic properties of the rocks and gradients. Because site-specific data on hydraulic properties are not available, data from the literature were assembled and synthesized to obtain values for use in estimating ground-water velocities. Hydraulic conductivities for many rock types having granular and fracture permeability follow a log-normal distribution. Porosity for granular and very weathered crystalline rock tends to be normally distributed; porosity of fractured crystalline rock probably follows a log-normal distribution.
The tectonic setting needs to prevent an increase in radionuclides to the accessible environment. Data on historic seismicity and heat flow, Quaternary faults, volcanism, and uplift were used to assess the tectonic conditions. Long-term late Cenozoic rates of vertical crustal movement in the Basin and Range province range from less than 2 meters per 104 years to greater than 20 meters per 104 years. Shortterm rates of vertical movement may be more than an order of magnitude greater, based on geodetic leveling. Changes in tectonic and climatic processes may potentially cause changes in hydrologic conditions and geomorphology that could affect the integrity of a deep, mined repository either adversely or beneficially.
The transition from a full-glacial climate to the current interglacial condition has occurred within the past 15,000 years. Reconstructions of the last full-glacial climate indicate that, at that time, there was greater water availability for runoff and vegetation growth than there is now. Based on the increased water availability and depending on seasonal distribution of precipitation, on soil characteristics, on topography, and on other characteristics, ground-water recharge during the full-glacial climate is estimated to have been possibly 2 to 10 or more times the modern rate. During the full-glacial climate, more than 100 lakes occupied closed basins in the province. Any increase in ground-water recharge and refilling of Pleistocene lakes will tend to decrease the distance of ground-water flow and its time of travel. The unsaturated zone this zone is considered a potential host medium where the thickness is greater than 150 m will be decreased by these changes. In contrast, incision of streams and other geomorphic, tectonic, or climatically induced changes that lower the ground-water discharge level will tend to increase the thickness of the unsaturated zone. Aggradation in basinal troughs may either decrease or increase the thickness of the unsaturated zone. Aggradation in basins that causes the ground-water discharge level to rise will tend to decrease the thickness of unsaturated zone in the adjacent uplands; aggradation in basins where the ground-water discharge level remains the same or is lowered will increase the unsaturated thickness of basin fill.
Records show that, throughout late Cenozoic time in the Basin and Range province, continued vertical crustal movements have tended to maintain mountain ranges and closed basins, whereas aggradation of the basins and erosion of the mountain ranges have tended to decrease the topographic relief. Maximum rates of denudation for small basins in areas climatically similar to the Basin and Range province are about 2 meters per 104 years. For sites unaffected by stream incision and scarp retreat, a conservative estimate of erosion affecting long-term changes in depth of burial would appear to be 2 meters per 104 years, or, equal to the long-term rate of vertical crustal movement where greater than 2 meters per 104 years. The response of the ground-water conditions to climatic and geomorphically induced boundary conditions is significant from the points of: (1) The potential maximum change in the ground-water flow system; (2) the time of response of the ground-water system; and (3) the present state of the ground-water system as a result of past changes. Effects of longterm climatic and tectonic changes on hydrologic and geomorphic conditions differ from area to area, and rates of change of geomorphic and hydrologic conditions may vary significantly. Therefore, sitespecific studies need to be made to assess the long-term integrity of deep, mined repositories.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/pp1370A","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the States of Arizona, California, Idaho, Nevada, New Mexico, Texas, and Utah","usgsCitation":"Bedinger, M.S., Sargent, K.A., Langer, W.H., Sherman, F.B., Reed, J., and Brady, B.T., 1989, Studies of geology and hydrology in the Basin and Range Province, Southwestern United States, for isolation of high-level radioactive waste - Basis of characterization and evaluation: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1370, Report: vi, 41 p.; Plate: 34.00 in. x 32.00 in., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1370A.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 41 p.; Plate: 34.00 in. x 32.00 in.","startPage":"A1","endPage":"A41","numberOfPages":"48","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":104611,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_4821.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"4821"},{"id":120236,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1370a/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":65293,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1370a/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":65294,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1370a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, California, Idaho, Nevada, New Mexico, Texas, Utah","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b06e4b07f02db69a24e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bedinger, M. S.","contributorId":65452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bedinger","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":220008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sargent, K. A.","contributorId":58630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sargent","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":220007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Langer, William H. blanger@usgs.gov","contributorId":1241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langer","given":"William","email":"blanger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":220006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sherman, Frank B.","contributorId":16495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherman","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":220004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Reed, J.E.","contributorId":41801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":220005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brady, B. T.","contributorId":93047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brady","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":220009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":38509,"text":"pp1336B - 1989 - The New Madrid earthquakes: An engineering-geologic interpretation of relict liquefaction features","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-23T22:51:27.356178","indexId":"pp1336B","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1336","chapter":"B","title":"The New Madrid earthquakes: An engineering-geologic interpretation of relict liquefaction features","docAbstract":"Earthquake-induced sand blows and sand-filled fissures are present in a belt 40 to 60 km. wide that extends from near Charleston, Mo., southward to about 20 km. south of Marked Tree, Ark. This region of earthquake-induced sand blows and other liquefaction-related features is almost exclusively in the St. Francis Basin, an alluvial lowland that typically has a thin (2 to 8 m thick), clay-bearing topstratum underlain by about 30 to 60 m of unconsolidated sand (the substratum). Liquefaction of the substratum sands has made the sand blows. \r\n\r\nThe sand blows and other liquefaction-related features on the ground surface in the St. Francis Basin are almost certainly results of the New Madrid earthquakes of 1811-12. In this report, geologic and engineering properties of the alluvium are used in combination with a map showing the bounds of the liquefaction-related features to locate approximately the epicentral zones for two of the major shocks: the earthquakes of December 16,1811, and February 7,1812. Properties used for the analysis included the Standard Penetration Resistance of the substratum sands, characteristics of the sand's grain size, thickness of the topstratum, and the thickness of the post-Tertiary alluvium. \r\n\r\nThe method of analysis relies largely on the evaluation of the liquefaction potential of the sands. This is done by using the Standard Penetration Test blow counts and by devising a method that uses all possible combinations of liquefaction potential and a realistic relation between attenuation of earthquake accelerations and distance from the epicenter (or more correctly, energy-release center). \r\n\r\nTwo interpreted 1811-12 energy-release centers generally agree well with zones of seismicity defined by modern, small earthquakes. Bounds on accelerations are placed at the limits of sand blows that were generated by the 1811-12 earthquakes in the St. Francis Basin. Conclusions show how the topstratum thickness, sand size of the substratum, and thickness of alluvium affected the distribution of sand blows in the St. Francis Basin.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"The New Madrid Missouri, earthquake region - geological, seismological, and geotechnical studies","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","doi":"10.3133/pp1336B","usgsCitation":"Obermeier, S.F., 1989, The New Madrid earthquakes: An engineering-geologic interpretation of relict liquefaction features: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1336, Report: vi, 114; 11 Plates: 37.56 × 23.19 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1336B.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 114; 11 Plates: 37.56 × 23.19 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":393398,"rank":14,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_4805.htm"},{"id":65228,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1336b/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":247688,"rank":410,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1336b/plate-11.pdf","size":"4172","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":247687,"rank":409,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1336b/plate-10.pdf","size":"4948","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":247686,"rank":408,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1336b/plate-09.pdf","size":"4643","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":247685,"rank":407,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1336b/plate-08.pdf","size":"4447","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":247684,"rank":406,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1336b/plate-07.pdf","size":"4196","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":247683,"rank":405,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1336b/plate-06.pdf","size":"2108","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":247682,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1336b/plate-05.pdf","size":"807","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":247681,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1336b/plate-04.pdf","size":"786","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":247680,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1336b/plate-03.pdf","size":"3578","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":247679,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1336b/plate-02.pdf","size":"4264","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":247678,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1336b/plate-01.pdf","size":"3781","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":125003,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1336b/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas, Missouri, Tennessee","city":"New Madrid","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.7636,\n 35\n ],\n [\n -89,\n 35\n ],\n [\n -89,\n 37.25\n ],\n [\n -90.7636,\n 37.25\n ],\n [\n -90.7636,\n 35\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac6e4b07f02db67a995","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Obermeier, Stephen F.","contributorId":102482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Obermeier","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":38420,"text":"pp1490 - 1989 - Reconnaissance stratigraphy of the Prichard Formation (middle Proterozoic) and the early development of the Belt Basin, Washington, Idaho, and Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:53","indexId":"pp1490","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1490","title":"Reconnaissance stratigraphy of the Prichard Formation (middle Proterozoic) and the early development of the Belt Basin, Washington, Idaho, and Montana","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/pp1490","usgsCitation":"Cressman, E.R., 1989, Reconnaissance stratigraphy of the Prichard Formation (middle Proterozoic) and the early development of the Belt Basin, Washington, Idaho, and Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1490, 80 p.; 4 plates in pocket, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1490.","productDescription":"80 p.; 4 plates in pocket","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":119191,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1490/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":64809,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1490/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":64810,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1490/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":64811,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1490/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":64812,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1490/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":64813,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1490/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b06e4b07f02db69a095","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cressman, E. R.","contributorId":83494,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cressman","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":20750,"text":"ofr88470 - 1989 - Hydrologic data for Indian Creek basin, Fayette and Westmoreland counties, Pennsylvania, 1985-87","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-13T15:04:01","indexId":"ofr88470","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-470","title":"Hydrologic data for Indian Creek basin, Fayette and Westmoreland counties, Pennsylvania, 1985-87","docAbstract":"Hydrologic data were collected in the Indian Creek basin, Fayette and Westmoreland Counties, Pennsylvania. Since the early 1900's, coal in the basin has been extensively mined by both underground and surface-mining techniques. Data-collection sites were located in mined and unmined areas of the basin. The hydrologic data presented are from 5 continuous-record surfacewater data-collection sites, 1 ground-water well, 23 partial-record surfacewater sites, and 2 continuous-record precipitation gages. Data from the five continuous-record surface-water sites include discharge, specific conductance, temperature, pH, and suspended-sediment concentration. Results of laboratory analyses are reported. Benthic macroinvertebrates collected at 23 sites are listed.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr88470","usgsCitation":"Sams, J.I., and Witt, E., 1989, Hydrologic data for Indian Creek basin, Fayette and Westmoreland counties, Pennsylvania, 1985-87: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 88-470, vi, 124 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr88470.","productDescription":"vi, 124 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":50306,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0470/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":152393,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0470/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a25e4b07f02db60ed62","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sams, J. I. III","contributorId":50548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sams","given":"J.","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":183181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Witt, E. C. III","contributorId":105746,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Witt","given":"E. C.","suffix":"III","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":183182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":38437,"text":"pp1404D - 1989 - The occurrence and geochemistry of salty ground water in the northern Atlantic Coastal Plain","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":10298,"text":"ofr8171 - 1980 - Preliminary delineation of salty ground water in the northern Atlantic Coastal Plain","indexId":"ofr8171","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"title":"Preliminary delineation of salty ground water in the northern Atlantic Coastal Plain"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":38437,"text":"pp1404D - 1989 - The occurrence and geochemistry of salty ground water in the northern Atlantic Coastal Plain","indexId":"pp1404D","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"chapter":"D","title":"The occurrence and geochemistry of salty ground water in the northern Atlantic Coastal Plain"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-17T19:20:32.652041","indexId":"pp1404D","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1404","chapter":"D","title":"The occurrence and geochemistry of salty ground water in the northern Atlantic Coastal Plain","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp1404D","usgsCitation":"Meisler, H., 1989, The occurrence and geochemistry of salty ground water in the northern Atlantic Coastal Plain: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1404, Report: 51 p.; 6 Plates: 23.50 x 13.00 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1404D.","productDescription":"Report: 51 p.; 6 Plates: 23.50 x 13.00 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":64874,"rank":7,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1404d/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":64873,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1404d/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":64872,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1404d/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":64871,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1404d/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":64870,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1404d/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":119286,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1404d/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":484734,"rank":9,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_4844.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":64876,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1404d/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":64875,"rank":8,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1404d/plate-6.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Atlantic Coastal Plain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -79.1667,\n 40.8333\n ],\n [\n -79.1667,\n 33.8333\n ],\n [\n -72.6667,\n 33.8333\n ],\n [\n -72.6667,\n 40.8333\n ],\n [\n -79.1667,\n 40.8333\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ee4b07f02db627c1e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meisler, Harold","contributorId":34103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meisler","given":"Harold","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":38493,"text":"pp1370E - 1989 - Studies of geology and hydrology in the Basin and Range province, southwestern United States, for isolation of high-level radioactive waste: Characterization of the Sonoran region, California","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":12315,"text":"ofr84742 - 1984 - Studies of geology and hydrology in the Basin and Range Province, Southwestern United States, for isolation of high-level radioactive waste; characterization of the Sonoran region, California","indexId":"ofr84742","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"title":"Studies of geology and hydrology in the Basin and Range Province, Southwestern United States, for isolation of high-level radioactive waste; characterization of the Sonoran region, California"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":38493,"text":"pp1370E - 1989 - Studies of geology and hydrology in the Basin and Range province, southwestern United States, for isolation of high-level radioactive waste: Characterization of the Sonoran region, California","indexId":"pp1370E","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"chapter":"E","title":"Studies of geology and hydrology in the Basin and Range province, southwestern United States, for isolation of high-level radioactive waste: Characterization of the Sonoran region, California"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-18T18:47:18.618353","indexId":"pp1370E","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1370","chapter":"E","title":"Studies of geology and hydrology in the Basin and Range province, southwestern United States, for isolation of high-level radioactive waste: Characterization of the Sonoran region, California","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp1370E","usgsCitation":"Bedinger, M.S., Sargent, K.A., and Langer, W.H., 1989, Studies of geology and hydrology in the Basin and Range province, southwestern United States, for isolation of high-level radioactive waste: Characterization of the Sonoran region, California: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1370, Report: vi, 30 p.; 7 Plates: 39.50 × 24.00 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1370E.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 30 p.; 7 Plates: 39.50 × 24.00 inches or smaller","startPage":"E1","endPage":"E30","costCenters":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":104615,"rank":700,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_4825.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"4825"},{"id":65198,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1370e/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":65197,"rank":406,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1370e/plate-7.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":65196,"rank":405,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1370e/plate-6.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":65195,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1370e/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":65194,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1370e/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":65193,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1370e/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":65192,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1370e/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":65191,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1370e/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":122596,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1370e/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Basin and Range province, Sonoran region","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.1592,\n 32.8194\n ],\n [\n -114.1667,\n 32.8194\n ],\n [\n -114.1667,\n 35.4650\n ],\n [\n -116.1592,\n 35.4650\n ],\n [\n -116.1592,\n 32.8194\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b06e4b07f02db69a16e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bedinger, Marion S.","contributorId":75517,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bedinger","given":"Marion","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sargent, K. A.","contributorId":58630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sargent","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Langer, William H. blanger@usgs.gov","contributorId":1241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langer","given":"William","email":"blanger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":219929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":38422,"text":"pp1492 - 1989 - Debris flows from tributaries of the Colorado River, Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":16460,"text":"ofr87118 - 1987 - Debris flows from tributaries of the Colorado River, Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona","indexId":"ofr87118","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"title":"Debris flows from tributaries of the Colorado River, Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":38422,"text":"pp1492 - 1989 - Debris flows from tributaries of the Colorado River, Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona","indexId":"pp1492","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"title":"Debris flows from tributaries of the Colorado River, Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:53","indexId":"pp1492","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1492","title":"Debris flows from tributaries of the Colorado River, Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona","docAbstract":"A reconnaissance of 36 tributaries of the Colorado River indicates that debris flows are a major process by which sediment is transported to the Colorado River in Grand Canyon National Park. Debris flows are slurries of sediment and water that have a water content of less than about 40 percent by volume. Debris flows occur frequently in arid and semiarid regions. Slope failures commonly trigger debris flows, which can originate from any rock formation in the Grand Canyon. The largest and most frequent flows originate from the Permian Hermit Shale, the underlying Esplanade Sandstone of the Supai Group, and other formations of the Permian and Pennsylvanian Supai Group. Debris flows also occur in the Cambrian Muav Limestone and underlying Bright Angel Shale and the Quaternary basalts in the western Grand Canyon. \r\n\r\nDebris-flow frequency and magnitude were studied in detail in the Lava-Chuar Creek drainage at Colorado River mile 65.5; in the Monument Creek drainage at mile 93.5; and in the Crystal Creek drainage at mile 98.2. Debris flows have reached the Colorado River on an average of once every 20 to 30 years in the Lava-Chuar Creek drainage since about 1916. Two debris flows have reached the Colorado River in the last 25 years in Monument Creek. The Crystal Creek drainage has had an average of one debris flow reaching the Colorado River every 50 years, although the debris flow of 1966 has been the only flow that reached the Colorado River since 1900. Debris flows may actually reach the Colorado River more frequently in these drainages because evidence for all debris flows may not have been preserved in the channel-margin stratigraphy. \r\n\r\nDischarges were estimated for the peak flow of three debris flows that reached the Colorado River. The debris flow of 1966 in the Lava-Chuar Creek drainage had an estimated discharge of 4,000 cubic feet per second. The debris flow of 1984 in the Monument Creek drainage had a discharge estimated between 3,600 and 4,200 cubic feet per second. The debris flow of 1966 in the Crystal Creek drainage had a discharge estimated between 9,200 and 14,000 cubic feet per second. Determination of the effective cross-sectional area was a problem in all calculations involving superelevations on bends because areas near superelevation marks were 1.5 to 3.5 times larger than areas of upstream or downstream cross sections. \r\n\r\nDebris flows in the Grand Canyon generally are composed of 10 to 40 percent sand by weight and may represent a significant source of beach-building sand along the Colorado River. The particle-size distributions are very poorly sorted and the largest transported boulders were in the Crystal Creek drainage. The large boulders transported into the Colorado River by debris flows create or change hydraulic controls (rapids); these controls appear to be governed by the magnitude and frequency of tributary-flow events and the history of discharges on the Colorado River. Reworking of debris fans by the Colorado River creates debris bars that constrain the size of eddy systems and forms secondary rapids and riffles below tributary mouths.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/pp1492","usgsCitation":"Webb, R., Pringle, P.T., and Rink, G.R., 1989, Debris flows from tributaries of the Colorado River, Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1492, 39 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1492.","productDescription":"39 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124324,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1492/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":64815,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1492/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db6727dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Webb, Robert H. rhwebb@usgs.gov","contributorId":1573,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Webb","given":"Robert H.","email":"rhwebb@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":12625,"text":"School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":219792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pringle, Patrick T.","contributorId":105744,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pringle","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rink, Glenn R.","contributorId":8339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rink","given":"Glenn","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":38435,"text":"pp1404B - 1989 - Hydrogeologic framework of the New Jersey Coastal Plain","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":16692,"text":"ofr84730 - 1984 - Hydrogeologic framework of the New Jersey coastal plain","indexId":"ofr84730","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"title":"Hydrogeologic framework of the New Jersey coastal plain"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":38435,"text":"pp1404B - 1989 - Hydrogeologic framework of the New Jersey Coastal Plain","indexId":"pp1404B","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"chapter":"B","title":"Hydrogeologic framework of the New Jersey Coastal Plain"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-18T13:43:49.49535","indexId":"pp1404B","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1404","chapter":"B","title":"Hydrogeologic framework of the New Jersey Coastal Plain","docAbstract":"This report presents the results of a water-resources, oriented subsurface mapping program within the Coastal Plain of New Jersey. The occurrence and configuration of 15 regional hydrogeologic units have been defined, primarily on the basis of an interpretation of borehole geophysical data. The nine aquifers and six confining beds are composed of unconsolidated clay, silt, sand, and gravel and range in age from Cretaceous to Quaternary.\r\n\r\nElectric and gamma-ray logs from more than 1,000 Coastal Plain wells were examined. Of these, interpretive data for 302 sites were selected, on the basis of logged depth, quality of data, and data distribution, to prepare structure contour and thickness maps for each aquifer and a thickness map for each confining bed. These maps, together with 14 hydrogeologic sections, show the geometry, lateral extent, and vertical and horizontal relationships among the 15 hydrogeologic units. \r\n\r\nThe hydrogeologic maps and sections show that distinct lower, middle, and upper aquifers are present within the Potomac, Raritan-Magothy aquifer system near the Delaware River from Burlington County to Salem County. Although the lower aquifer is recognized only in this area, the middle aquifer extends into the northeastern Coastal Plain of New Jersey, where it is stratigraphically equivalent to the Farrington aquifer. The upper aquifer extends throughout most of the New Jersey Coastal Plain and is stratigraphically equivalent to the Old Bridge aquifer in the northeastern Coastal Plain. The overlying Merchantville-Woodbury confining bed is the most regionally extensive confining bed within the New Jersey Coastal Plain. Its thickness ranges from less than 100 feet near the outcrop to more than 450 feet along the coast. The Englishtown aquifer system acts as a single aquifer throughout most of its subsurface extent, but it contains two water-bearing sands in pars of Monmouth and Ocean Counties. The overlying Marshalltown-Wenonah confining bed is a thin, leaky unit ranging in thickness from approximately 20 to 80 feet. The Wenonah-Mount Laurel aquifer is identified in the subsurface throughout the New Jersey Coastal Plain southeast of its outcrop area. \r\n\r\nSediments that overlie the Wenonah-Mount Lauren aquifer and that are subjacent to the major aquifers within the Kirkwood Formation and the Cohansey Sand are described hydrologically as a composite confining bed. These include the Navesink Formation, Red Bank Sand, Tinton Sand, Hornerstown Sand, Vincentown Formation, Manasquan Formation, Shark River Formation, and Piney Point Formation and the basal clay of the Kirkwood Formation.. The Vincentown Formation functions as n aquifer within 3 to 10 miles downdip of its outcrop area. In areas farther downdip the Vincentown Formation functions as a confining bed. The Piney Point aquifer is laterally persistent from the southern New Jersey Coastal Plain northward into parts of Burlington and Ocean Counties. The Atlantic City 800-foot sand of the Kirkwood Formation can be recognized in the subsurface along coastal areas of Cape May, Atlantic, and southern Ocean Counties, but inland only as far west as the extent of the overlying confining bed. 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