Interspecific differences in tadpole morphology among leopard frogs of the Rana pipiens complex may represent adaptations to larval habitats. We documented variation in tadpole morphology among populations of R. chiricahuensis and compared intraspecific patterns of variation to those among species. Traits that exhibit similar patterns of variation in intraspecific and interspecific comparisons may represent adaptations to different larval habitats. Tadpoles of R. chiricahuensis found in streams have more contrasting melanic patterns on the tail, thicker dorsal fins, and somewhat larger tail muscles than those from ponds. Unexpected differences between tadpoles from two stream habitats might represent nonadaptive morphological variation. Alternatively, such differences may represent different morphological responses to similar selection pressures, to subtly different aquatic habitats (different selective regimes), or different developmental responses to different environmental cues. Parallels in variation for some morphological traits within and among tadpoles of leopard frog species support, but do not demonstrate, the contention that those morphological differences represent adaptations to larval habitats.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles","doi":"10.2307/1565149","usgsCitation":"Jennings, R., and Scott, N., 1993, Ecologically correlated morphological variation in tadpoles of the leopard frog, Rana chiricahuensis: Journal of Herpetology, v. 27, no. 3, p. 285-293, https://doi.org/10.2307/1565149.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"285","endPage":"293","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130922,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ee4b07f02db627b65","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jennings, R.D.","contributorId":92191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jennings","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scott, N.J. Jr.","contributorId":8407,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"N.J.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70017437,"text":"70017437 - 1993 - The hydrothermal-convection systems of kilauea: an historical perspective","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-24T14:17:45","indexId":"70017437","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1828,"text":"Geothermics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The hydrothermal-convection systems of kilauea: an historical perspective","docAbstract":"Kilauea is one of only two basaltic volcanoes in the world where geothermal power has been produced commercially. Little is known about the origin, size and longevity of its hydrothermal-convection systems. We review the history of scientific studies aimed at understanding these systems and describe their commercial development. Geothermal energy is a controversial issue in Hawai'i, partly because of hydrogen sulfide emissions and concerns about protection of rain forests. ?? 1993.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geothermics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0375-6505(93)90001-4","issn":"03756505","usgsCitation":"Moore, R.B., and Kauahikaua, J.P., 1993, The hydrothermal-convection systems of kilauea: an historical perspective: Geothermics, v. 22, no. 4, p. 233-241, https://doi.org/10.1016/0375-6505(93)90001-4.","startPage":"233","endPage":"241","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":228885,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":268154,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0375-6505(93)90001-4"}],"volume":"22","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bacd1e4b08c986b323775","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, R. B.","contributorId":98720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":376454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kauahikaua, J. P.","contributorId":69992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kauahikaua","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":376453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70018370,"text":"70018370 - 1993 - A geochemical atlas of North Carolina, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-16T00:24:55.277633","indexId":"70018370","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2302,"text":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A geochemical atlas of North Carolina, USA","docAbstract":"A geochemical atlas of North Carolina, U.S.A., was prepared using National Uranium Resource Evaluation (NURE) stream-sediment data. Before termination of the NURE program, sampling of nearly the entire state (48,666 square miles of land area) was completed and geochemical analyses were obtained.
The NURE data are applicable to mineral exploration, agriculture, waste disposal siting issues, health, and environmental studies. Applications in state government include resource surveys to assist mineral exploration by identifying geochemical anomalies and areas of mineralization. Agriculture seeks to identify areas with favorable (or unfavorable) conditions for plant growth, disease, and crop productivity. Trace elements such as cobalt, copper, chromium, iron, manganese, zinc, and molybdenum must be present within narrow ranges in soils for optimum growth and productivity. Trace elements as a contributing factor to disease are of concern to health professionals. Industry can use pH and conductivity data for water samples to site facilities which require specific water quality.
The North Carolina NURE database consists of stream-sediment samples, groundwater samples, and stream-water analyses. The statewide database consists of 6,744 stream-sediment sites, 5,778 groundwater sample sites, and 295 stream-water sites. Neutron activation analyses were provided for U, Br, Cl, F, Mn, Na, Al, V, Dy in groundwater and stream water, and for U, Th, Hf, Ce, Fe, Mn, Na, Sc, Ti, V, Al, Dy, Eu, La, Sm, Yb, and Lu in stream sediments. Supplemental analyses by other techniques were reported on U (extractable), Ag, As, Ba, Be, Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, K, Li, Mg, Mo, Nb, Ni, P, Pb, Se, Sn, Sr, W, Y, and Zn for 4,619 stream-sediment samples. A small subset of 334 stream samples was analyzed for gold.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0375-6742(93)90056-R","issn":"03756742","usgsCitation":"Reid, J., 1993, A geochemical atlas of North Carolina, USA: Journal of Geochemical Exploration, v. 47, no. 1-3, p. 11-27, https://doi.org/10.1016/0375-6742(93)90056-R.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"11","endPage":"27","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227066,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e3f3e4b0c8380cd462ff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reid, J.C.","contributorId":61052,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reid","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1008485,"text":"1008485 - 1993 - Conservation status of freshwater mussels of the United States and Canada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-12T14:32:03","indexId":"1008485","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1657,"text":"Fisheries","onlineIssn":"1548-8446","printIssn":"0363-2415","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Conservation status of freshwater mussels of the United States and Canada","docAbstract":"The American Fisheries Society (AFS) herein provides a list of all native freshwater mussels (families Margaritiferidae and Unionidae) in the United States and Canada. This report also provides state and provincial distributions; a comprehensive review of the conservation status of all taxa; and references on biology, conservation, and distribution of freshwater mussels. The list includes 297 native freshwater mussels, of which 213 taxa (71.7%) are considered endangered, threatened, or of special concern. Twenty-one taxa (7.1%) are listed as endangered but possibly extinct, 77 (20.6%) as endangered but extant, 43 (14.5%) as threatened, 72 (24.2%) as of special concern, 14 (4.7%) as undetermined, and only 70 (23.6%) as currently stable. The primary reasons for the decline of freshwater mussels are habitat destruction from dams, channel modification, siltation, and the introduction of nonindigenous mollusks. The high numbers of imperiled freshwater mussels in the United States and Canada, which harbor the most diverse fauna in the world, portend a trajectory toward an extinction crisis that, if unchecked, will severely impoverish one of our richest components of aquatic biodiversity.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1577/1548-8446(1993)018<0006:CSOFMO>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Williams, J., Warren, M., Cummings, K., Harris, J., and Neves, R.J., 1993, Conservation status of freshwater mussels of the United States and Canada: Fisheries, v. 18, no. 9, p. 6-22, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8446(1993)018<0006:CSOFMO>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"6","endPage":"22","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132327,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b12e4b07f02db6a3031","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, J.D.","contributorId":74701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Warren, M.L. Jr.","contributorId":106448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warren","given":"M.L.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cummings, K.S.","contributorId":108067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cummings","given":"K.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harris, J.L.","contributorId":47739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Neves, R. J.","contributorId":30936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neves","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70018309,"text":"70018309 - 1993 - Devonian volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits and occurrences, southern Yukon-Tanana Terrace, eastern Alaska Range, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-03T17:43:49.530608","indexId":"70018309","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Devonian volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits and occurrences, southern Yukon-Tanana Terrace, eastern Alaska Range, Alaska","docAbstract":"A belt of volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits extends for over 150 km along the southern margin of the Yukon-Tanana terrane of the eastern Alaska Range. Located north of the Denali fault, the Yukon-Tanana terrane forms a major basement unit in east-central Alaska. The volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits are primarily in the Jarvis Creek Glacier subterrane, one of the highest structural-stratigraphic levels of the Yukon-Tanana terrane. The Jarvis Creek Glacier subterrane consists of a volcanogenic massive sulfide-bearing metavolcanic rock member and a metasedimentary rock member. The volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits and enclosing metavolcanic and metasedimentary schists exhibit two periods of regional metamorphism and penetrative deformation: an older, Early Cretaceous, amphibolite facies event and a younger, mid-Cretaceous lower greenschist facies event.From northwest to southeast, the major volcanogenic massive sulfide districts are the Bonnifield, Trident Glacier, and Delta. The Bonnifield district contains massive sulfide deposits in metavolcanic and metasedimentary rocks that are correlated with the Jarvis Creek Glacier subterrane. The 25-km-long, northwest-trending Trident Glacier district contains several occurrences consisting of massive pyrrhotite and lesser pyrite, minor chalcopyrite with or without sphalerite, and galena and arsenopyrite in south-dipping massive sulfide pods, lenses, and stringers that parallel the foliation of the enclosing schists. Host-rock protoliths were mainly andesite, dacite, rhyodacite tuffs and flows, shale, and limestone, with lesser quartz-rich keratophyre flows and tuffs, volcanic graywacke, and siltstone.The Delta district contains at least 35 deposits in an 800-km 2 area. Thirty-one of the deposits define four mineral trends, 5 to 32 km long, that are subparallel to the west-northwest-striking, southwest-dipping structures and lithologies. The deposits consist of layers and zones containing varying amounts of massive to disseminated pyrite and pyrrhotite, and lesser amounts of chalcopyrite, galena, sphalerite, and arsenopyrite. The larger deposits range between 1.0 and 12.4 million metric tons with combined grades of 5.6 percent total metal (Cu, Pb, Zn), and Ag and Au contents of 56 and 1.9 g/metric ton, respectively. Hostrock protoliths are similar to those found in the Trident Glacier district, but some of the deposits are spatially associated with diorite or gabbro sills that exhibit lower greenschist facies metamorphism and deformation.Sulfur isotope values of 26 pyrrhotite separates from the Trident Glacier district occurrences average 7.7 per mil, the mean value of seven pyrite separates is 8.1 per mil. Forty-one Delta district pyrite separates average 5.9 per mil and ranges of values of the four northwest-trending trends overlap. The relative consistency of sulfur isotope values of iron-bearing sulfides in the Trident Glacier district, and the apparent lithologic relationship of isotope values in the Delta district, may reflect original-rock sulfur isotope values. Alternatively, the 34 S-enriched values may have resulted from the addition of reduced seawater sulfate to the hydrothermal fluid. The sulfide accumulations are interpreted as kuroko-like deposits that formed along a Devonian continental margin igneous arc. Deeper level portions of the arc are exposed in structurally lower levels of the Yukon-Tanana terrane to the north and contain metamorphosed granodiorite and granite plutons of Devonian to Mississippian age. U-Pb isotope data from zircons from metavolcanic rocks hosting the sulfide bodies indicate an age of about 370 Ma. The 207 Pb/ 204 Pb ratios for sulfides from the three districts are similar and indicate lead was in part derived from first-cycle sediments that were eroded largely from Precambrian crystalline rocks. The 207 Pb/ 204 Pb ratios from feldspars in Devonian metavolcanic rocks are similar to those in sulfides and indicate incorporation of radiogenic Precambrian lead into the Devonian magmas. A Precambrian crystalline source for detritus in metasedimentary rocks is indicated by locally abundant quartzite containing approximately 2.3 Ga zircons which were derived from the Hudsonian-age block of the Canadian Shield in southern British Columbia.Cretaceous greenschist facies retrogressive metamorphism and intense penetrative deformation is indicated by reequilibration of U-Pb isotope ratios, metamorphic Rb-Sr mineral isochrons, and K-Ar biotite and muscovite ages of 110 to 115 Ma. The data indicate that the mid-Cretaceous retrogressive metamorphism and associated intense deformation occurred during the accretion of the Yukon-Tanana terrane to Alaska.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.88.2.344","issn":"03610128","usgsCitation":"Lange, I.M., Nokleberg, W., Newkirk, S., Aleinikoff, J.N., Church, S.E., and Krouse, H., 1993, Devonian volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits and occurrences, southern Yukon-Tanana Terrace, eastern Alaska Range, Alaska: Economic Geology, v. 88, no. 2, p. 344-376, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.88.2.344.","productDescription":"33 p.","startPage":"344","endPage":"376","numberOfPages":"33","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227505,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"88","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1993-04-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0091e4b0c8380cd4f7c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lange, I. M.","contributorId":71597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lange","given":"I.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nokleberg, W. J. 0000-0002-1574-8869","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1574-8869","contributorId":68312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nokleberg","given":"W. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Newkirk, S.R.","contributorId":97773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newkirk","given":"S.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Aleinikoff, J. N. 0000-0003-3494-6841","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3494-6841","contributorId":75132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aleinikoff","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Church, S. E.","contributorId":58260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Church","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Krouse, H.R.","contributorId":63067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krouse","given":"H.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70017436,"text":"70017436 - 1993 - Hydrologic, chemical, and isotopic characterization of two small watersheds on Catoctin Mountain, north-central Maryland, U.S.A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-19T14:35:55","indexId":"70017436","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrologic, chemical, and isotopic characterization of two small watersheds on Catoctin Mountain, north-central Maryland, U.S.A.","docAbstract":"Two small (100 ha) watersheds located on Catoctin Mountain in north-central Maryland were intensively instrumented in 1990 and have been hydrologically, chemically, and isotopically monitored for 3 years. Dissolved concentrations of major ions (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, total AI, CI-, NO3-, SO42- , HCO3-, and SiO2) and stable isotopic (D and 18O) values have been analyzed for most types of water (precipitation, throughfall, two depths of soil water, shallow groundwater, and streamwater) that enter, travel through, and exit each watershed. The major objectives of the study were to characterize the chemical and isotopic signatures of all aqueous components of the watersheds and to interpret the causes of the changes in chemical and isotopic compositions of streamwater during storm runoff. This paper describes selected results of the study.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0009-2541(93)90200-3","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Rice, K.C., and Bricker, O., 1993, Hydrologic, chemical, and isotopic characterization of two small watersheds on Catoctin Mountain, north-central Maryland, U.S.A.: Chemical Geology, v. 107, no. 3-4, p. 319-321, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(93)90200-3.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"319","endPage":"321","costCenters":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":228884,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","otherGeospatial":"Catoctin Mountain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.52021789550781,\n 39.57049901310693\n ],\n [\n -77.52021789550781,\n 39.69001640474053\n ],\n [\n -77.3880386352539,\n 39.69001640474053\n ],\n [\n -77.3880386352539,\n 39.57049901310693\n ],\n [\n -77.52021789550781,\n 39.57049901310693\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"107","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3698e4b0c8380cd6083d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rice, Karen C. 0000-0002-9356-5443 kcrice@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9356-5443","contributorId":1998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rice","given":"Karen","email":"kcrice@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":376452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bricker, O.P.","contributorId":33717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bricker","given":"O.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":376451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1008475,"text":"1008475 - 1993 - Estrus synchronization and successful artificial insemination in gaur (Bos gaurus)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:29","indexId":"1008475","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2514,"text":"Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estrus synchronization and successful artificial insemination in gaur (Bos gaurus)","docAbstract":"Abstract not supplied at this time","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Gross, T., Armstrong, D., Simmons, L., and Schwartz, J., 1993, Estrus synchronization and successful artificial insemination in gaur (Bos gaurus): Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, v. 17, p. 193-206.","productDescription":"p. 193-206","startPage":"193","endPage":"206","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131848,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fb1d5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gross, T. S.","contributorId":95828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gross","given":"T. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Armstrong, D.L.","contributorId":95022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Armstrong","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Simmons, L.G.","contributorId":93007,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simmons","given":"L.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schwartz, J.R.","contributorId":6017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwartz","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":1008474,"text":"1008474 - 1993 - Distributional records of amphibians and reptiles from the Exuma Islands, Bahamas, including the first reports of a freshwater turtle and an introduced gecko","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:29","indexId":"1008474","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1185,"text":"Caribbean Journal of Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distributional records of amphibians and reptiles from the Exuma Islands, Bahamas, including the first reports of a freshwater turtle and an introduced gecko","docAbstract":"Abstract not supplied at this time","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Caribbean Journal of Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Franz, R., Dodd, C., and Buden, D., 1993, Distributional records of amphibians and reptiles from the Exuma Islands, Bahamas, including the first reports of a freshwater turtle and an introduced gecko: Caribbean Journal of Science, v. 29, p. 165-173.","productDescription":"p. 165-173","startPage":"165","endPage":"173","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131847,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6be4b07f02db63d95c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Franz, R.","contributorId":93850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franz","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dodd, C.K. Jr.","contributorId":86286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dodd","given":"C.K.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Buden, D.W.","contributorId":26149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buden","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70018305,"text":"70018305 - 1993 - Lead isotopic composition of paleozoic and late proterozoic marine carbonate rocks in the vicinity of Yucca Mountain, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:22","indexId":"70018305","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Lead isotopic composition of paleozoic and late proterozoic marine carbonate rocks in the vicinity of Yucca Mountain, Nevada","docAbstract":"Paleozoic and Late Proterozoic marine carbonate rocks (limestones, dolomites, and their metamorphic equivalents) cropping out in the vicinity of Yucca Mountain contain lead with an isotopic composition strongly suggesting them to be a major source of the lead observed at Trench 14 in the carbonate phase of carbonate-silica veins and nearby surficial calcrete deposits. Six whole-rock samples of marine carbonate rocks yield 206Pb/204Pb = 19.21-29.06, 207Pb/204Pb = 15.74-16.01, and 208Pb/204Pb = 37.90-39.25, and leachate and residue fractions of the rocks reveal additional isotopic heterogeneity within individual samples. Two samples of eolian dust also have isotopic compositions lying along a 'carbonate' to 'silicate' mixing trend that appears to arise entirely from pedogenic processes. The tendency for the marine carbonate rocks to evolve highly uranogenic, but no thorogenic, lead results in a distinctive isotopic composition that serves as a tracer in eolian dust and secondary carbonate minerals derived from the marine carbonate rocks.","largerWorkTitle":"High Level Radioactive Waste Management","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the 4th Annual International Conference on High Level Radioactive Waste Management","conferenceDate":"26 April 1993 through 30 April 1993","conferenceLocation":"Las Vegas, NV, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Publ by ASCE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, United States","isbn":"0872629503","usgsCitation":"Zartman, R.E., and Kwak, L., 1993, Lead isotopic composition of paleozoic and late proterozoic marine carbonate rocks in the vicinity of Yucca Mountain, Nevada, in High Level Radioactive Waste Management, Las Vegas, NV, USA, 26 April 1993 through 30 April 1993, p. 1953-1959.","startPage":"1953","endPage":"1959","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227461,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a45c7e4b0c8380cd674c1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zartman, Robert E.","contributorId":47356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zartman","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kwak, Loretta M.","contributorId":62769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kwak","given":"Loretta M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1008472,"text":"1008472 - 1993 - Prerelease stratification in tag-recovery models with time dependence","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-12T13:34:22","indexId":"1008472","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Prerelease stratification in tag-recovery models with time dependence","docAbstract":"A statistical model is developed for estimating time-dependent survival and recovery rates of tagged populations that are stratified into groups at release. For populations of fish, the groups might include different sexes or stocks, or they might be distinguished by the location or method of capture. In the model developed here, survival and recovery rates are formulated as linear combinations of parameters that include the effects of time, group, and time–group interactions. Methods of testing the statistical significance of these potential sources of variation are described and illustrated with the recoveries of different stocks of anadromous striped bass (Morone saxatilis). For the striped bass data, elimination of time- and stock-specific sources of variation substantially improved the precision of survival estimates without introducing important bias. During 1988–89 the average survival of both stocks was 0.78 (SE = 0.04). Calculations of statistical power indicate that stock-specific differences in survival of ± 0.2 could have been detected about 50% of the time, given the low rates of recovery and numbers of fish released.
\n","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/f93-062","usgsCitation":"Dorazio, R., 1993, Prerelease stratification in tag-recovery models with time dependence: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 50, no. 3, p. 535-541, https://doi.org/10.1139/f93-062.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"535","endPage":"541","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":133019,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"50","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaae4b07f02db6692db","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dorazio, R.M. 0000-0003-2663-0468","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2663-0468","contributorId":23475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorazio","given":"R.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70018304,"text":"70018304 - 1993 - Do ages of authigenic K-feldspar date the formation of Mississippi valley-type Pb-Zn deposits, central and southeastern United States?: Pb isotopic evidence","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-22T13:03:16.535157","indexId":"70018304","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Do ages of authigenic K-feldspar date the formation of Mississippi valley-type Pb-Zn deposits, central and southeastern United States?: Pb isotopic evidence","docAbstract":"
Pb concentrations and isotopic compositions have been determined for authigenic over-growths and detrital cores of K-feldspar from Cambrian sedimentary rocks in Texas, Tennessee, and Pennsylvania (referred to as group 1) and southeastern Missouri (referred to as group 2). Overgrowths and cores were separated by abrasion and analyzed separately. In three group 1 samples, cores have Pb isotopic ratios similar to initial ratios in K-feldspar from nearby Middle Proterozoic basement rocks (206Pb/204Pb =16.7-17.0). Pb ratios in overgrowths are radiogenic (206Pb/204Pb up to 19.3) and mostly are distinct from those in ore deposits in the southern Appalachians. Pb isotopic data for two samples of K-feldspar from southeastern Missouri are scattered; in one sample, cores and overgrowths contain radiogenic Pb, suggesting at least two periods of authigenic replacement, in agreement with petrographic evidence. Proterozoic material must still be present because 40Ar/39Ar stepwise analysis of a total (cores plus overgrowths) sample yields incremental ages ranging from about 500 to 750 Ma. The disparity in Pb isotopic ratios of group 1 overgrowths and Pb in nearby Mississippi Valley-type deposits implies that the regional authigenic K-feldspar event was not synchronous with ore deposition in the southeastern United States. In contrast, Pb isotopic ratios from group 2 authigenic K-feldspar are similar to ratios in ores of southeastern Missouri, suggesting a genetic relation in late Paleozoic time.
Late Cenozoic fault geometry, structure, paleoseismicity, and patterns of recent seismicity at two seismic zones along the Olympic-Wallowa lineament (OWL) of western Idaho, northeast Oregon, and southeast Washington indicate limited right-oblique slip displacement along multiple northwest-striking faults that constitute the lineament. The southern end of the OWL originates in the Long Valley fault system and western Snake River Plain in western Idaho, where it accommodates basin-and-range extension. Several kilometers west of the Long Valley fault system, post-middle Miocene displacement along the OWL has resulted in adjacent areas of uplift and subsidence.
The OWL in northeast Oregon consists of a wide zone of northwest-striking faults and is associated with several large, inferred, pull-apart basins. The OWL then emerges from the Blue Mountain uplift as a much narrower zone of faults in the Columbia Plateau known as the Wallula fault zone (WFZ). Structural relationships in the WFZ strongly suggest that it is a right-slip extensional duplex. An ash horizon that correlates with the Mount St. Helens \"J\" composition (10.7 Ka) is displaced vertically 5 m by a normal fault along a segment of the WFZ. The intensity center for a damaging M = 6.1 earthquake in 1936 is located in the WFZ only a few kilometers northeast of this Holocene fault. Other youthful-appearing, strike-slip and thrust faults are located farther northwest along the OWL and may pose a seismic hazard to adjacent population centers and critical facilities.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1993)105<0853:LCSACT>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Mann, G., and Meyer, C., 1993, Late Cenozoic structure and correlations to seismicity along the Olympic-Wallowa Lineament, northwest United States: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 105, no. 7, p. 853-871, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1993)105<0853:LCSACT>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"853","endPage":"871","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227416,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"105","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a44cee4b0c8380cd66dc9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mann, G.M.","contributorId":62768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mann","given":"G.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meyer, C.E.","contributorId":104023,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70018293,"text":"70018293 - 1993 - The Point Lookout Sandstone: a tale of two cores, or petrology, diagenesis, and reservoir properties of Point Lookout Sandstone, Southern Ute Indian Reservation, San Juan Basin, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:23","indexId":"70018293","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2789,"text":"Mountain Geologist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Point Lookout Sandstone: a tale of two cores, or petrology, diagenesis, and reservoir properties of Point Lookout Sandstone, Southern Ute Indian Reservation, San Juan Basin, Colorado","docAbstract":"The Point Lookout sandstones are quartz-rich, fine to very-fine grained, and contain moderately variable quantities of potassium feldspar (2 to 20 modal percent) and lithic fragments (9 to 20 modal percent). Locally, sandstone is tightly cemented by carbonate cement; clays are not important as cementing agents, although they significantly reduce permeability of some samples. Pores are small; many are intergranular micropores between crystals of authigenic clay. Depositional environments are highly variable and range from lower shoreface to coastal plain and include minor deltaic environments. The best reservoir characteristics are generally in the upper shoreface sandstones. -from Authors","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mountain Geologist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"0027254X","usgsCitation":"Keighin, C.W., Zech, R.S., and Dunbar, R., 1993, The Point Lookout Sandstone: a tale of two cores, or petrology, diagenesis, and reservoir properties of Point Lookout Sandstone, Southern Ute Indian Reservation, San Juan Basin, Colorado: Mountain Geologist, v. 30, no. 1, p. 5-16.","startPage":"5","endPage":"16","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227286,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba891e4b08c986b321cf5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Keighin, C. W.","contributorId":79887,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keighin","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zech, R. S.","contributorId":51289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zech","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dunbar, R.W.","contributorId":12216,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunbar","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70018285,"text":"70018285 - 1993 - Heat flow from four new research drill holes in the Western Cascades, Oregon, U.S.A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-08T10:18:39","indexId":"70018285","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1828,"text":"Geothermics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Heat flow from four new research drill holes in the Western Cascades, Oregon, U.S.A.","docAbstract":"Conceptual models of the thermal structure of the Oregon Cascade Range propose either (1) a narrow zone of magmatic heat sources, flanked by shallow heat-flow anomalies caused by lateral ground-water flow; or (2) a wide zone of magmatic heat sources, with localized, generally negligible ground-water effects. The proposed narrow heat source coincides with the Quaternary volcanic arc, whereas the wider heat source would extend 10–30 km west of the arc. To test the models, four new heat-flow holes were sited west of the Quaternary arc but within the area of the proposed wide heat source. The sites are separated from the Quaternary arc by topographic divides and (or) major river valleys, so that heating by regional-scale ground-water flow seems unlikely. Measured heat flow (76±5 mW mm−2) was significantly lower than the values predicted by interpolation from an existing heat-flow contour map (95±7 mW m−2). The lower values are consistent with a narrow zone of magmatic heat sources. The complete heat-flow data set consists mostly of shallow (100–200 m) data and defines lobate highs around hot-spring groups in the Western Cascades. However, all of the deepest holes in the study area (44°–45°15′N) show hydrologic gradient disturbances extending to depths >200 m, so the shallow data must be extrapolated with caution.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0375-6505(93)90040-T","issn":"03756505","usgsCitation":"Ingebritsen, S.E., Scholl, M.A., and Sherrod, D.R., 1993, Heat flow from four new research drill holes in the Western Cascades, Oregon, U.S.A.: Geothermics, v. 22, no. 3, p. 151-163, https://doi.org/10.1016/0375-6505(93)90040-T.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"151","endPage":"163","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":227151,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Western Cascades","volume":"22","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2fffe4b0c8380cd5d2a8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ingebritsen, S. E.","contributorId":8078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingebritsen","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scholl, M. A.","contributorId":86365,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scholl","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sherrod, D. R.","contributorId":44559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherrod","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70017432,"text":"70017432 - 1993 - Evaluation of historical scour at selected stream crossings in Indian","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:58","indexId":"70017432","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Evaluation of historical scour at selected stream crossings in Indian","docAbstract":"Geophysical data were collected by means of ground-penetrating radar and tuned transducer systems to estimate the historical scour at ten bridges in Indiana. These geophysical data were used to compare and evaluate the results of 13 published pier-scour equations. In order to make this comparison, it was assumed that the measured historical scour was associated with the peak historical discharge. Because the geophysical data were not sufficient to map the lateral extent of the refilled scour hole, local scour could not be isolated from concentration scour. For the evaluation, computed contraction scour and pier scour were used in combination with the existing channel geometry to determine a computed bed elevation. This computed bed elevation was compared to be minimum historic bed elevation estimated from the geophysical data. None of the selected pier-scour equations, when combined with the contraction-scour equation, accurately represented the historical scour at all of the study sites. On the basis of the limited data presented, the equations currently recommended by the Federal Highway Administration provided a combination of accuracy and safety, required by design equations, equal to or better than the other equations evaluated.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings - National Conference on Hydraulic Engineering","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the National Conference on Hydraulic Engineering","conferenceDate":"25 July 1993 through 30 July 1993","conferenceLocation":"San Francisco, CA, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Publ by ASCE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, United States","isbn":"0872629201","usgsCitation":"Mueller, D.S., and Miller, R.L., 1993, Evaluation of historical scour at selected stream crossings in Indian, in Proceedings - National Conference on Hydraulic Engineering, no. pt 2, San Francisco, CA, USA, 25 July 1993 through 30 July 1993, p. 2231-2236.","startPage":"2231","endPage":"2236","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":228840,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"pt 2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0c87e4b0c8380cd52bab","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Shen Hsieh WenSu S.T.Wen Feng","contributorId":128306,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Shen Hsieh WenSu S.T.Wen Feng","id":536364,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Mueller, David S. dmueller@usgs.gov","contributorId":1499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mueller","given":"David","email":"dmueller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":376436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, Robert L.","contributorId":29148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":376437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70018283,"text":"70018283 - 1993 - Kosnarite, KZr2(PO4)3, a new mineral from Mount Mica and Black Mountain, Oxford County, Maine","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:23","indexId":"70018283","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":738,"text":"American Mineralogist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Kosnarite, KZr2(PO4)3, a new mineral from Mount Mica and Black Mountain, Oxford County, Maine","docAbstract":"Kosnarite, ideally KZr2(PO4)3, has been identified as part of a late-stage, secondary phosphate mineral assemblage from the Mount Mica pegmatite at Paris, and from the Black Mountain pegmatite, Rumford, Oxford County, Maine. Kosnarite from Mount Mica occurs as pseudocubic rhombohedral crystals, as much as 0.9 mm in maximum dimension, that display the dominant {102} form. Color ranges from pale blue to blue-green to nearly colorless. The mineral has a white streak, is transparent, has a vitreous luster, and is nonfluorescent in ultraviolet light. It has a hardness of 4.5, is brittle with a conchoidal fracture, and has perfect {102} cleavage. Kosnarite from Black Mountain is almost pure KZr2(PO4)3 with only trace amounts of Hf, Mn, Na, and Rb. The mineral is one of three known alkali zirconium phosphates; the others are gainesite and the Cs analogue of gainesite. -from Author","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Mineralogist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"0003004X","usgsCitation":"Brownfield, M.E., Foord, E., Sutley, S.J., and Botinelly, T., 1993, Kosnarite, KZr2(PO4)3, a new mineral from Mount Mica and Black Mountain, Oxford County, Maine: American Mineralogist, v. 78, no. 5-6, p. 653-656.","startPage":"653","endPage":"656","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227149,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"78","issue":"5-6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a40cae4b0c8380cd65036","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brownfield, Michael E. 0000-0003-3633-1138","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3633-1138","contributorId":7250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brownfield","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Foord, E.E.","contributorId":86835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foord","given":"E.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sutley, S. J.","contributorId":91484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sutley","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Botinelly, T.","contributorId":20408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Botinelly","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70018280,"text":"70018280 - 1993 - Geophysical investigations of concealed faults near Yucca Mountain, Southwest Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:24","indexId":"70018280","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Geophysical investigations of concealed faults near Yucca Mountain, Southwest Nevada","docAbstract":"Detailed gravity and ground magnetic data collected along surveyed traverses across Midway Valley, on the eastern flank of Yucca Mountain, Nevada reveal that these methods can be used to delineate concealed faults. These studies are part of an effort to evaluate faulting in the vicinity of the proposed surface facilities for a potential nuclear waste repository at Yucca Mountain. The largest gravity and magnetic anomaly in the vicinity of Midway Valley is associated with the Paintbrush fault on the west flank of Alice Ridge. Geophysical data infer a vertical offset of about 200 m (650 ft). Another prominent gravity and magnetic anomaly is associated with the Bow Ridge fault in the western part of Midway Valley.","largerWorkTitle":"High Level Radioactive Waste Management","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the 4th Annual International Conference on High Level Radioactive Waste Management","conferenceDate":"26 April 1993 through 30 April 1993","conferenceLocation":"Las Vegas, NV, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Publ by ASCE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, United States","isbn":"0872629503","usgsCitation":"Ponce, D., 1993, Geophysical investigations of concealed faults near Yucca Mountain, Southwest Nevada, in High Level Radioactive Waste Management, Las Vegas, NV, USA, 26 April 1993 through 30 April 1993, p. 168-174.","startPage":"168","endPage":"174","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227103,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2832e4b0c8380cd59f02","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ponce, D. A. 0000-0003-4785-7354","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4785-7354","contributorId":104019,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ponce","given":"D. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1014765,"text":"1014765 - 1993 - Eye abnormalities of lake trout exposed to gas supersaturation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-23T15:57:11.778161","indexId":"1014765","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3196,"text":"Progressive Fish-Culturist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Eye abnormalities of lake trout exposed to gas supersaturation","docAbstract":"Lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) reared for 1 year at six levels of differential (excess) gas pressure (▵P 4, 17, 33, 43, 58, and 75 mm Hg above equilibrium) were examined for incidences of eye abnormalities including nuclear cataracts, hemorrhages, corneal swelling, cloudiness, rupture, and loss of eyes. Frequencies of nuclear cataracts, eye hemorrhages, cloudy corneas, and bilateral anomalies were not directly related to increasing dissolved gas pressures. However, incidences of corneal swelling and of all abnormalities combined increased with gas supersaturation above ▵P 4.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1577/1548-8640(1993)055%3C0177:CEAOLT%3E2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Krise, W.F., and Smith, R.A., 1993, Eye abnormalities of lake trout exposed to gas supersaturation: Progressive Fish-Culturist, v. 55, no. 3, p. 177-179, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8640(1993)055%3C0177:CEAOLT%3E2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"177","endPage":"179","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131386,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"55","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a06e4b07f02db5f8962","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Krise, W. F.","contributorId":50842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krise","given":"W.","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, R. A.","contributorId":60584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70018274,"text":"70018274 - 1993 - Subsurface temperatures and geothermal gradients on the north slope of Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-08T16:51:39.977751","indexId":"70018274","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1264,"text":"Cold Regions Science and Technology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Subsurface temperatures and geothermal gradients on the north slope of Alaska","docAbstract":"On the North Slope of Alaska, geothermal gradient data are available from high-resolution, equilibrated well-bore surveys and from estimates based on well-log identification of the base of ice-bearing permafrost. A total of 46 North Slope wells, considered to be in or near thermal equilibrium, have been surveyed with high-resolution temperatures devices and geothermal gradients can be interpreted directly from these recorded temperature profiles. To augment the limited North Slope temperature data base, a new method of evaluating local geothermal gradients has been developed. In this method, a series of well-log picks for the base of the ice-bearing permafrost from 102 wells have been used, along with regional temperature constants derived from the high-resolution stabilized well-bore temperature surveys, to project geothermal gradients. Geothermal gradients calculated from the high-resolution temperature surveys generally agree with those projected from known ice-bearing permafrost depths over most of the North Slope. Values in the ice-bearing permafrost range from
The numbers of radiolarians visible in thin sections of chert-rich rocks are commonly an order of magnitude greater than the numbers observed on the surfaces of fragments etched by hydrofluoric acid (HF) and typically orders of magnitude greater than the numbers of individuals found in HF-processed residues. Destruction of radiolarians during both diagenesis and HF processing severely reduces faunal abundance and diversity and affects the taxonomic and biostratigraphic utility of chert residues. The robust forms that survive the processing represent only a small fraction of the death assemblage, and delicate skeletal structures used for species differentiation, commonly preserved in limestone radiolarian faunas, are either poorly preserved or dissolved in many coeval chert residues. First and last occurrences of taxa in chert sequences are likely to be coarse approximations of their true stratigraphic ranges. Precise correlation is difficult between biozonations based solely on index species from cherts and those constructed from limestone faunas. Careful selection of samples in sequence, use of weaker HF solutions, and study of both chert and limestone faunas should yield better biostratigraphic information.
Noble gas elemental and isotopic abundances have been analysed in twenty-two samples of basaltic glass dredged from the submarine flanks of two currently active Hawaiian volcanoes, Loihi Seamount and Kilauea. Neon isotopic ratios are enriched in 20Ne and 21Ne by as much as 16% with respect to atmospheric ratios. All the Hawaiian basalt glass samples show relatively high
Edwardsiella ictaluri, the etiological agent of enteric septicemia of channel catfish (ESC) is the leading cause of bacterial disease in commercially raised channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus. The only drug approved by U.S. Food and Drug Administration for use against ESC is Romet-30. Recently, several isolates were obtained that had a naturally occurring resistance to Romet-30. On further characterization these isolates were shown to possess a 55-kilobase (kb) plasmid that encodes resistance to the drug. We compared Romet-30-resistant E. ictaluri and a Tribrissen-resistant strain of Escherichia coli (strain 1898) isolated from equine cystitis. Antimicrobial profiles, plasmid screening, restriction digest, and Southern blot analysis indicated that the two plasmids are very similar. The resistance afforded to the E. coli was encoded by a 55-kb plasmid. Each of the R plasmids conferred resistance to Romet-30, tetracycline, and Terramycin (oxytetracycline). The R plasmid from E. coli strain 1898 was transferred to Romet-30-sensitive isolates of E. ictaluri by single-step conjugation, rendering the transconjugates resistant to Romet30, tetracycline, and Terramycin. Each plasmid was cleaved into fragments by restriction enzymes, then electrophoresed in an agarose gel and transferred to nitrocellulose. A labeled probe prepared from the R plasmid of E. ictaluri isolate 5-90-156, one of the original Romet-30-resistant E. ictaluri isolates, was added. Restriction enzyme digestion resulted in an equal number of fragments of equal mobility for the two plasmids, and the probe hybridized with the same fragments of each plasmid. These results indicate that the R plasmids of E. ictaluri and E. coli are similar, if not identical.
Distributions of porewater constituents, SO4=, NH4+, Cl−, ∑CO2, and H2S, solid phase iron, and sulfur concentrations, and the sulfur isotopic composition of dissolved and solid phases were investigated in sediments from abyssal seeps at the base of the Florida escarpment. Despite the apparent similarity of seep sediment porewater chemistry to that of typical marine sediments undergoing early diagenesis, relationships between chemical distributions and isotopic measurements revealed that the distribution of pore fluid constituents was dominated by processes occurring within the platform rather than by in situ microbial processes. Ammonium and sulfate concentrations were linearly correlated with chloride concentrations, indicating that variations in porewater chemistry were controlled by the admixture of seawater and a sulfate depleted brine with a chlorinity of 27.5 ± 1.9%. and 2.2 ± 1.3 mM ammonium concentration. At sites dominated by seepage, dissolved sulfate isotopic composition remained near seawater values despite depletion in porewater concentrations. Porewater ∑CO2 concentrations were found to be elevated relative to seawater, but not to the extent predicted from the observed sulfate depletion.
Sediment solid phase sulfur was predominantly pyrite, at concentrations as high as 20% S by weight. In contrast to typical marine deposits, pyrite concentrations were not related to the quantity of sedimentary organic matter. Pyrite δ34S values ranged from −29%. to + 21%. (CDT). However, only positive δ34S values were observed at sites associated with high pyrite concentrations. Isotopically heavy pyrite was observed at sites with porewater sulfate of seawater-like isotopic composition. Isotopically light pyrite was associated with sites where porewater sulfate exhibited δ34S values greater than those in seawater, indicating the activity of in situ microbial sulfate reduction. Thus, dual sulfide sources are suggested to explain the range in sediment pyrite isotopic composition: a δ34S enriched (+10 to +20%.) source adverted from within the Florida platform, and a lighter 34S depleted component generated in situ from microbial reduction of seawater sulfate.
The degree of pyritization of seep sediments was as high as 0.9 and was controlled by pyrite concentrations, which varied over a wider range than did the non-pyrite solid phase iron concentrations. The highest non-sulfide solid phase iron concentrations were observed in sediments that are believed to be at the “front” of the advancing seep fluids (i.e., hemipelagic sediments newly exposed to the seep fluids), indicating that dissolution of hemipelagic background sediment may be the source of at least half of the iron to the highly pyritized seep sediments. Porewater sulfide concentrations were variable, reaching a maximum of 5.7 mM, and were not correlated with the degree of pyritization of the sediments, suggesting that iron was not particularly limiting to pyrite formation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(93)90062-2","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Chanton, J., Martens, C., Paull, C.K., and Coston, J., 1993, Sulfur isotope and porewater geochemistry of Florida escarpment seep sediments: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 57, no. 6, p. 1253-1266, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(93)90062-2.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1253","endPage":"1266","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227199,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"57","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9ddae4b08c986b31db18","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chanton, J. P.","contributorId":7429,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chanton","given":"J. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Martens, C.S.","contributorId":42718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martens","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Paull, C. K.","contributorId":86845,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paull","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Coston, J.A.","contributorId":59572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coston","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70018220,"text":"70018220 - 1993 - A Coast Mountains provenance for the Valdez and Orca groups, southern Alaska, based on Nd, Sr, and Pb isotopic evidence","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-09T00:55:34.088779","indexId":"70018220","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A Coast Mountains provenance for the Valdez and Orca groups, southern Alaska, based on Nd, Sr, and Pb isotopic evidence","docAbstract":"Nd, Sr, and Pb isotopic data were obtained for fourteen fine- to coarse-grained samples of accreted flysch of the Late Cretaceous and early Tertiary Valdez and Orca Groups in southern Alaska to determine the flysch provenance. Argillites and greywackes from the Orca Group, as well as compositionally similar but higher metamorphic grade rocks from the Valdez Group, show a restricted range of correlated εNd ( −0.6 to −3.8) and 87Sr/86Sr (0.7060–0.7080) at the time of sediment deposition ( ∼ 50 Ma). Pb isotopic compositions also vary over a narrow range ( 206Pb/204Pb= 19.138–19.395, 207Pb/204Pb= 15.593–15.703, 208Pb/204Pb= 38.677–39.209), and in the Orca Group the samples generally become more radiogenic with decreasing εNd and increasing 87Sr/86Sr. All samples have similar trace element compositions characterized by moderate light rare earth element enrichments, and low ratios of high field strength elements to large ion lithophile elements. Based on petrographic, geochemical, and isotopic data the sedimentary rocks are interpreted to have been derived largely from a Phanerozoic continental margin arc complex characterized by igneous rocks with εNd values between 0 and −5. The latter conclusion is supported by the εNd values of a tonalite clast and a rhyodacite clast in the Orca Group (εNd = −4.9and−0.9, respectively). However, trondjemitic clasts in the Orca Group have significantly lower εNd ( ∼ −10) and require a derivation of a portion of the flysch from Precambrian crustal sources. The Nd, Sr, and Pb isotopic compositions of both the Valdez and Orca Groups overlap the values determined for intrusive igneous rocks exposed within the northern portion of the Late Cretaceous to early Tertiary Coast Mountains Plutonic Complex in western British Columbia and equivalent rocks in southeastern Alaska. The isotopic data support previous conclusions based on geologic studies which suggest that the flysch was shed from this portion of the batholith, and from overlying continental margin arc-related volcanic rocks, following its rapid uplift in the Late Cretaceous and early Tertiary. The Precambrian crustal material present in the flysch may have been derived from Late Proterozoic or older metasedimentary and metaigneous rocks now exposed along the western margin of the Coast Mountains Plutonic Complex.