Fluvial geomorphology of the alluvial valley of the Lower Mississippi River reveals a fascinating history. A prominent occupant of the valley was the Ohio River, estimated to have flowed 25,000 years ago over western Tennessee and Mississippi to join the Mississippi River north of Baton Rouge, Louisiana, 750–800 km south of the present confluence. Over time, shifts in the Mississippi and Ohio rivers toward their contemporary positions have left a legacy of abandoned paleochannels supportive of unique fish assemblages. Relative to channels abandoned in the last 500 years, paleochannels exhibit harsher environmental conditions characteristic of hypereutrophic lakes and support tolerant fish assemblages. Considering their ecological, geological, and historical importance, coupled with their primordial scenery, the hundreds of paleochannels in the valley represent a national treasure. Altogether, these waterscapes are endangered by human activities and would benefit from the conservation attention afforded to our national parks and wildlife refuges.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","publisherLocation":"Bethesda, MD","doi":"10.1080/03632415.2016.1219949","usgsCitation":"Miranda, L.E., 2016, Fishes in paleochannels of the Lower Mississippi River alluvial valley: A national treasure: Fisheries, v. 41, no. 10, p. 578-588, https://doi.org/10.1080/03632415.2016.1219949.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"578","endPage":"588","ipdsId":"IP-069987","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470330,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03632415.2016.1219949","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":331810,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Lower Mississippi River valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.670654296875,\n 37.09900294387622\n ],\n [\n -88.22021484375,\n 36.60670888641815\n ],\n [\n -88.53881835937499,\n 35.817813158696616\n ],\n [\n -89.110107421875,\n 34.94899072578227\n ],\n [\n -89.69238281249999,\n 34.17090836352573\n ],\n [\n -90.010986328125,\n 33.55970664841198\n ],\n [\n -90.28564453124999,\n 32.85190345738802\n ],\n [\n -90.5712890625,\n 32.175612478499325\n ],\n [\n -90.5712890625,\n 31.512995857454676\n ],\n [\n -90.50537109375,\n 30.826780904779774\n ],\n [\n -89.736328125,\n 30.20211367909724\n ],\n [\n -89.439697265625,\n 29.7453016622136\n ],\n [\n -89.439697265625,\n 29.23847708592805\n ],\n [\n -90.28564453124999,\n 29.161755515328824\n ],\n [\n -90.95581054687499,\n 29.23847708592805\n ],\n [\n -91.549072265625,\n 29.420460341013133\n ],\n [\n -92.08740234375,\n 29.630771207229\n ],\n [\n -92.39501953125,\n 30.097613277217132\n ],\n [\n -92.471923828125,\n 30.56226095049944\n ],\n [\n -92.2412109375,\n 31.325486676506983\n ],\n [\n -92.054443359375,\n 31.71882222408327\n ],\n [\n -92.2412109375,\n 32.14771106595571\n ],\n [\n -92.17529296875,\n 32.565333160841035\n ],\n [\n -91.8896484375,\n 32.99945000822837\n ],\n [\n -91.8896484375,\n 33.458942753687644\n ],\n [\n -92.021484375,\n 33.93424531117312\n ],\n [\n -92.16430664062499,\n 34.298068350990825\n ],\n [\n -92.230224609375,\n 34.72355492704221\n ],\n [\n -91.58203125,\n 35.43381992014202\n ],\n [\n -90.87890625,\n 36.11125252076156\n ],\n [\n -90.780029296875,\n 36.359374956015856\n ],\n [\n -90.17578124999999,\n 37.09023980307208\n ],\n [\n -89.12109375,\n 37.309014074275915\n ],\n [\n -88.670654296875,\n 37.09900294387622\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"41","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-09-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"584bd0d9e4b077fc20250df0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miranda, Leandro E. 0000-0002-2138-7924 smiranda@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2138-7924","contributorId":531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miranda","given":"Leandro","email":"smiranda@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":655369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70176300,"text":"70176300 - 2016 - Marsh canopy structure changes and the Deepwater Horizon oil spill","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-09T14:43:58","indexId":"70176300","displayToPublicDate":"2016-12-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Marsh canopy structure changes and the Deepwater Horizon oil spill","docAbstract":"Marsh canopy structure was mapped yearly from 2009 to 2012 in the Barataria Bay, Louisiana coastal region that was impacted by the 2010 Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill. Based on the previously demonstrated capability of NASA's UAVSAR polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (PolSAR) image data to map Spartina alterniflora marsh canopy structure, structure maps combining the leaf area index (LAI) and leaf angle distribution (LAD, orientation) were constructed for yearly intervals that were directly relatable to the 2010 LAI-LAD classification. The yearly LAI-LAD and LAI difference maps were used to investigate causes for the previously revealed dramatic change in marsh structure from prespill (2009) to postspill (2010, spill cessation), and the occurrence of structure features that exhibited abnormal spatial and temporal patterns. Water level and salinity records showed that freshwater releases used to keep the oil offshore did not cause the rapid growth from 2009 to 2010 in marsh surrounding the inner Bay. Photointerpretation of optical image data determined that interior marsh patches exhibiting rapid change were caused by burns and burn recovery, and that the pattern of 2010 to 2011 LAI decreases in backshore marsh and extending along some tidal channels into the interior marsh were not associated with burns. Instead, the majority of 2010 to 2011 shoreline features aligned with vectors displaying the severity of 2010 shoreline oiling from the DWH spill. Although the association is not conclusive of a causal oil impact, the coexistent pattern is a significant discovery. PolSAR marsh structure mapping provided a unique perspective of marsh biophysical status that enhanced detection of change and monitoring of trends important to management effectiveness.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2016.08.001","usgsCitation":"Ramsey, E.W., Rangoonwala, A., and Jones, C.E., 2016, Marsh canopy structure changes and the Deepwater Horizon oil spill: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 186, p. 350-357, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2016.08.001.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"350","endPage":"357","ipdsId":"IP-065814","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":331813,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.9454116821289,\n 29.420460341013133\n ],\n [\n -89.9454116821289,\n 29.513421462044942\n ],\n [\n -89.81494903564453,\n 29.513421462044942\n ],\n [\n -89.81494903564453,\n 29.420460341013133\n ],\n [\n -89.9454116821289,\n 29.420460341013133\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"186","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"584bd0dbe4b077fc20250dfc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ramsey, Elijah W. III 0000-0002-4518-5796 ramseye@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4518-5796","contributorId":2883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramsey","given":"Elijah","suffix":"III","email":"ramseye@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":648252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rangoonwala, Amina 0000-0002-0556-0598 rangoonwalaa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0556-0598","contributorId":3455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rangoonwala","given":"Amina","email":"rangoonwalaa@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":648253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jones, Cathleen E.","contributorId":11890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Cathleen","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":648254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70178705,"text":"sir20165125 - 2016 - Performance evaluation testing of wells in the gradient control system at a federally operated Confined Disposal Facility using single well aquifer tests, East Chicago, Indiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-08T08:14:53","indexId":"sir20165125","displayToPublicDate":"2016-12-08T08:45:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2016-5125","title":"Performance evaluation testing of wells in the gradient control system at a federally operated Confined Disposal Facility using single well aquifer tests, East Chicago, Indiana","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) performed tests to evaluate the hydrologic connection between the open interval of the well and the surrounding Calumet aquifer in response to fouling of extraction well pumps onsite. Two rounds of air slug testing were performed on seven monitoring wells and step drawdown and subsequent recovery tests on three extraction wells on a U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Confined Disposal Facility (CDF) in East Chicago, Indiana. The wells were tested in 2014 and again in 2015. The extraction and monitoring wells are part of the gradient control system that establishes an inward gradient around the perimeter of the facility. The testing established a set of protocols that site personnel can use to evaluate onsite well integrity and develop a maintenance procedure to evaluate future well performance.
The results of the slug test analysis data indicate that the hydraulic connection of the well screen to the surrounding aquifer material in monitoring wells on the CDF and the reliability of hydraulic conductivity estimates of the surrounding geologic media could be increased by implementing well development maintenance. Repeated air slug tests showed increasing hydraulic conductivity until, in the case of the monitoring wells located outside of the groundwater cutoff wall (MW–4B, MW–11B, MW–14B), the difference in hydraulic conductivity from test to test decreased, indicating the results were approaching the optimal hydraulic connection between the aquifer and the well screen. Hydraulic conductivity values derived from successive tests in monitoring well D40, approximately 0.25 mile south of the CDF, were substantially higher than those derived from wells on the CDF property. Also, values did not vary from test to test like those measured in monitoring wells located on the CDF property, which indicated that a process may be affecting the connectivity of the wells on the CDF property to the Calumet aquifer. Derived hydraulic conductivity values from the initial air slug test during the 2015 testing period for MW–11A and MW–14A are an order of magnitude less than those derived from the final test during the 2014 testing period indicating the development of a low conductivity skin between the final test of the 2014 testing period and the beginning of the 2015 testing period that created a decrease in the connection of the monitoring well screen to the surrounding aquifer material.
Repeated step drawdown and recovery testing of the extraction wells tested during this study provided results that indicate a slight increase in the development of a skin and a decrease in the connectivity of the extraction wells with the Calumet aquifer. Hydraulic conductivity values obtained from the test results were relatively similar in EW–4B and EW–14A but were substantially lower for EW–11C. This difference may be due to the presence of finer grained silt deposits in the area surrounding well nest 11. Skin factors calculated during the step drawdown and recovery analysis were lowest in EW–11C and relatively similar in EW–4B and EW–14A. Calculated skin factors increased slightly in the analysis of data collected in 2015 from that collected in 2014.
Comparisons of the specific-capacity values calculated from well development data collected following extraction well installation to those calculated during the single well aquifer tests at EW–4B, EW–14A and EW–11C indicate that the productivity of extraction wells on the CDF property has diminished since 2008. Values calculated for monitoring wells MW–4A, MW–11A, and MW–14A were used to evaluate the decrease in air slug derived hydraulic conductivity for monitoring wells within the groundwater cutoff wall between testing in 2014 and 2015.
Results from testing by this study indicate that implementation of an air slug testing regimen of the monitoring wells that control the gradient control system at the CDF throughout the course of a year may help sustain the connectivity between the monitoring wells and the surrounding aquifer and provide data to evaluate the need for different types of well development approaches to address chemical or biological fouling issues. Repeated step drawdown and recovery testing of the extraction wells tested during this study provided results that indicate a slight increase in the development of a skin and a decrease in the connectivity of the extraction wells with the Calumet aquifer. Implementation of a specific capacity testing regimen can provide data to record and track well condition through time for individual extraction wells. Results from aquifer testing by this study indicate that specific capacity test results, when paired with recovery testing, provide useful data to measure the development of any low conductivity wellbore skin through the skin factors derived for the individual extraction wells. An initial annual schedule of specific capacity and recovery tests would provide sufficient data to identify substantial short-term changes in the operating condition of the extraction wells.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20165125","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Lampe, D.C., and Unthank, M.D., 2016, Performance evaluation testing of wells in the gradient control system at a federally operated Confined Disposal Facility using single well aquifer tests, East Chicago, Indiana: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2016–5125, 50 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20165125.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 50 p.; Appendixes 1-2","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-067101","costCenters":[{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":331511,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5125/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":331514,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5125/sir20165125_appendix2-aq-test.zip","text":"Appendix 2","size":"8.82 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"linkHelpText":"- Aquifer Test Field Log Sheets and Graphs of Aquifer-Test Data with Fitted Analytical-Solution Lines"},{"id":331512,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5125/sir20165125.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.89 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5125"},{"id":331513,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5125/sir20165125_appendix1-slug-tests.zip","text":"Appendix 1 ","size":"8.46 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"linkHelpText":"- Air Slug Test Field Log Sheets and Graphs of Air Slug Test Data with Fitted Analytical-Solution Lines"}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","city":"East Chicago","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.533333,\n 41.716667\n ],\n [\n -87.533333,\n 41.583333\n ],\n [\n -87.366667,\n 41.583333\n ],\n [\n -87.366667,\n 41.716667\n ],\n [\n -87.533333,\n 41.716667\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center
5957 Lakeside Boulevard
Indianapolis IN 46278
http://in.water.usgs.gov
Martian atmospheric pressure has important implications for the past and present habitability of the planet, including the timing and causes of environmental change. The ancient Martian surface is strewn with evidence for early water bound in minerals (e.g., Ehlmann and Edwards, 2014) and recorded in surface features such as large catastrophically created outflow channels (e.g., Carr, 1979), valley networks (Hynek et al., 2010; Irwin et al., 2005), and crater lakes (e.g., Fassett and Head, 2008). Using orbital spectral data sets coupled with geologic maps and a set of numerical spectral analysis models, Edwards and Ehlmann (2015) constrained the amount of atmospheric sequestration in early Martian rocks and found that the majority of this sequestration occurred prior to the formation of the early Hesperian/late Noachian valley networks (Fassett and Head, 2011; Hynek et al., 2010), thus implying the atmosphere was already thin by the time these surface-water-related features were formed.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Boulder, CO","doi":"10.1130/G37984Y.1","usgsCitation":"Edwards, C., and Ehlmann, B.L., 2016, Response comment: Carbon sequestration on Mars: Geology, v. 44, no. 6, e389; 1 p., https://doi.org/10.1130/G37984Y.1.","productDescription":"e389; 1 p.","ipdsId":"IP-075232","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":462001,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/g37984y.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":331672,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Mars","volume":"44","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-05-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"584a7f7de4b07e29c706dd35","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Edwards, Christopher cedwards@usgs.gov","contributorId":147768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Christopher","email":"cedwards@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":655155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ehlmann, Bethany L. 0000-0002-2745-3240","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2745-3240","contributorId":147154,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ehlmann","given":"Bethany","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":7218,"text":"California Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":655156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70178792,"text":"70178792 - 2016 - Exposure to the contraceptive progestin, gestodene, alters reproductive behavior, arrests egg deposition, and masculinizes development in the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-09T12:22:14","indexId":"70178792","displayToPublicDate":"2016-12-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Exposure to the contraceptive progestin, gestodene, alters reproductive behavior, arrests egg deposition, and masculinizes development in the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas)","docAbstract":"Endogenous progestogens and pharmaceutical progestins enter the environment through wastewater treatment plant effluent and agricultural field runoff. Lab studies demonstrate strong, negative exposure effects of these chemicals on aquatic vertebrate reproduction. Behavior can be a sensitive, early indicator of exposure to environmental contaminants associated with altered reproduction yet is rarely examined in ecotoxicology studies. Gestodene is a human contraceptive progestin and a potent activator of fish androgen receptors. Our objective was to test the effects of gestodene on reproductive behavior and associated egg deposition in the fathead minnow. After only 1 day, males exposed to ng/L of gestodene were more aggressive and less interested in courtship and mating, and exposed females displayed less female courtship behavior. Interestingly, 25% of the gestodene tanks contained a female that drove the male out of the breeding tile and displayed male-typical courtship behaviors toward the other female. Gestodene decreased or arrested egg deposition with no observed gonadal histopathology. Together, these results suggest that effects on egg deposition are primarily due to altered reproductive behavior. The mechanisms by which gestodene disrupts behavior are unknown. Nonetheless, the rapid and profound alterations of the reproductive biology of gestodene-exposed fish suggest that wild populations could be similarly affected.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","publisherLocation":"Easton, PA","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.6b00799","usgsCitation":"Frankel, T.E., Meyer, M.T., Kolpin, D.W., Gillis, A.B., Alvarez, D., and Orlando, E.F., 2016, Exposure to the contraceptive progestin, gestodene, alters reproductive behavior, arrests egg deposition, and masculinizes development in the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas): Environmental Science & Technology, v. 50, no. 11, p. 5991-5999, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b00799.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"5991","endPage":"5999","ipdsId":"IP-070808","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":331670,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"50","issue":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-05-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"584a7f7de4b07e29c706dd37","chorus":{"doi":"10.1021/acs.est.6b00799","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b00799","publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","authors":"Frankel Tyler E., Meyer Michael T., Kolpin Dana W., Gillis Amanda B., Alvarez David A., Orlando Edward F.","journalName":"Environmental Science & Technology","publicationDate":"6/7/2016"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frankel, Tyler E.","contributorId":177293,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Frankel","given":"Tyler","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meyer, Michael T. 0000-0001-6006-7985 mmeyer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6006-7985","contributorId":866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"Michael","email":"mmeyer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":655217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kolpin, Dana W. 0000-0002-3529-6505 dwkolpin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3529-6505","contributorId":1239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolpin","given":"Dana","email":"dwkolpin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":655143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gillis, Amanda B.","contributorId":177294,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gillis","given":"Amanda","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Alvarez, David A. dalvarez@usgs.gov","contributorId":139231,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alvarez","given":"David A.","email":"dalvarez@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":655219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Orlando, Edward F.","contributorId":177295,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Orlando","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70178057,"text":"ofr20161184 - 2016 - Estimated historical distribution of grassland communities of the Southern Great Plains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-10T16:15:04","indexId":"ofr20161184","displayToPublicDate":"2016-12-07T17:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2016-1184","title":"Estimated historical distribution of grassland communities of the Southern Great Plains","docAbstract":"The purpose of this project was to map the estimated distribution of grassland communities of the Southern Great Plains prior to Euro-American settlement. The Southern Great Plains Rapid Ecoregional Assessment (REA), under the direction of the Bureau of Land Management and the Great Plains Landscape Conservation Cooperative, includes four ecoregions: the High Plains, Central Great Plains, Southwestern Tablelands, and the Nebraska Sand Hills. The REA advisors and stakeholders determined that the mapping accuracy of available national land-cover maps was insufficient in many areas to adequately address management questions for the REA. Based on the recommendation of the REA stakeholders, we estimated the potential historical distribution of 10 grassland communities within the Southern Great Plains project area using data on soils, climate, and vegetation from the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) including the Soil Survey Geographic Database (SSURGO) and Ecological Site Information System (ESIS). The dominant grassland communities of the Southern Great Plains addressed as conservation elements for the REA area are shortgrass, mixed-grass, and sand prairies. We also mapped tall-grass, mid-grass, northwest mixed-grass, and cool season bunchgrass prairies, saline and foothill grasslands, and semi-desert grassland and steppe. Grassland communities were primarily defined using the annual productivity of dominant species in the ESIS data. The historical grassland community classification was linked to the SSURGO data using vegetation types associated with the predominant component of mapped soil units as defined in the ESIS data. We augmented NRCS data with Landscape Fire and Resource Management Planning Tools (LANDFIRE) Biophysical Settings classifications 1) where NRCS data were unavailable and 2) where fifth-level watersheds intersected the boundary of the High Plains ecoregion in Wyoming. Spatial data representing the estimated historical distribution of grassland communities of the Southern Great Plains are provided as a 30 x 30-meter gridded surface (raster dataset). This information will help to address the priority management questions for grassland communities for the Southern Great Plains REA and can be used to inform other regional-level land management decisions.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161184","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management and the Great Plains Landscape Conservation Cooperative","usgsCitation":"Reese, G.C., Manier, D.J., Carr, N.B., Callan, Ramana, Leinwand, I.I.F., Assal, T.J., Burris, Lucy, and Ignizio, D.A., 2016, Estimated historical distribution of grassland communities of the Southern Great Plains: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016–1184, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161184. ","productDescription":"Report: v, 13 p.; Data Release","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-077037","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37226,"text":"Core Science Analytics, Synthesis, and Libraries","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438494,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F71Z42J3","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Estimated distribution of historical grassland communities of the Southern Great Plains"},{"id":331479,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F71Z42J3","text":"Estimated historical distribution of grassland communities of the Southern Great Plains","size":"228.75 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"OFR 2016-1184 Data Release"},{"id":331184,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1184/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":331185,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1184/ofr20161184.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.56 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1184"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Southern Great Plains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109,\n 30\n ],\n [\n -109,\n 43.5\n ],\n [\n -94,\n 43.5\n ],\n [\n -94,\n 30\n ],\n [\n -109,\n 30\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Center Director, USGS Fort Collins Science Center
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The U.S. Geological Survey collects groundwater data and conducts studies to monitor hydrologic conditions, better define groundwater resources, and address problems related to water supply, water use, and water quality. In Georgia, water levels were monitored continuously at 181 wells during calendar year 2012, 185 wells during calendar year 2013, and at 171 wells during calendar year 2014. Because of missing data or short periods of record (less than 3 years) for several of these wells, a total of 164 wells are discussed in this report. These wells include 17 in the surficial aquifer system, 18 in the Brunswick aquifer system and equivalent sediments, 68 in the Upper Floridan aquifer, 15 in the Lower Floridan aquifer and underlying units, 10 in the Claiborne aquifer, 1 in the Gordon aquifer, 11 in the Clayton aquifer, 16 in the Cretaceous aquifer system, 2 in Paleozoic-rock aquifers, and 6 in crystalline-rock aquifers. Data from the well network indicate that water levels generally rose during the 2012 through 2014 calendar-year period, with water levels rising in 151 wells, declining in 12, and remained about the same in 1. Water levels declined over the long-term period of record at 94 wells, increased at 60 wells, and remained relatively constant at 10 wells.
In addition to continuous water-level data, periodic water-level measurements were collected and used to construct potentiometric-surface maps for the Upper Floridan aquifer in the following areas in Georgia: the Brunswick-Glynn County area during August 2012 and October 2014 and in the Albany-Dougherty County area during November 2012 and November 2014. Periodic water-level measurements were also collected and used to construct potentiometric surface maps for the Cretaceous aquifer system in the Augusta-Richmond County area during August 2012 and July 2014. In general, water levels in these areas were higher during 2014 than during 2012; however, the configuration of the potetiometric surface in each of the areas showed little change.
In the Brunswick area, maps showing chloride concentration of water in the Upper Floridan aquifer (constructed using data collected from 25 wells during August 2012 and from 32 wells during October 2014) indicate that chloride concentrations remained above the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's secondary drinking-water standard in an approximately 2-square-mile area. During calendar years 2012 through 2014, chloride concentrations generally increased in over 90 percent of the wells sampled with a maximum increase of 410 milligrams per liter in a well located in the north-central part of the Brunswick area.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20165161","usgsCitation":"Peck, M.F., and Painter, J.A., 2016, Groundwater conditions in Georgia, 2012–14: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2016–5161, 55 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20165161. 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\"}}]}","contact":"Director, South Atlantic Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
720 Gracern Road
Columbia, SC 29210
http://www.usgs.gov/water/southatlantic/
The U.S. Geological Survey Colorado Water Science Center conducts its water-resources activities primarily in Colorado in cooperation with more than 125 different entities. These activities include extensive data-collection efforts and studies of streamflow, water quality, and groundwater to address many specific issues of concern to Colorado water-management entities and citizens. The collected data are provided in the National Water Information System, and study results are documented in reports and information served on the Internet.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/gip169","usgsCitation":"U.S. Geological Survey, 2016, Colorado Water Science Center bookmark: U.S. Geological Survey General Information Product 169, https://doi.org/10.3133/gip169.","productDescription":"Bookmark","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-079427","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":331200,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/0169/gip169.pdf","text":"Bookmark","size":"5.09 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"GIP 169"},{"id":331199,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/0169/coverthb2_superseded.jpg"}],"contact":"Director, USGS Colorado Water Science Center
Box 25046, Mail Stop 415
Denver, CO 80225
Suspended-sediment concentrations (SSCs) and turbidity were monitored within the Beaver Kill, Stony Clove Creek, and Warner Creek tributaries to the upper Esopus Creek in New York, the main source of water to the Ashokan Reservoir, from October 1, 2010, through September 30, 2014. The purpose of the monitoring was to determine the effects of suspended-sediment and turbidity reduction projects (STRPs) on SSC and turbidity in two of the three streams; no STRPs were constructed in the Beaver Kill watershed. During the study period, four STRPs were completed in the Stony Clove Creek and Warner Creek watersheds. Daily mean SSCs decreased significantly for a given streamflow after the STRPs were completed. The most substantial decreases in daily mean SSCs were measured at the highest streamflows. Background SSCs, as measured in water samples collected in upstream reference stream reaches, in all three streams in this study were less than 5 milligrams per liter during low and high streamflows. Longitudinal stream sampling identified stream reaches with failing hillslopes in contact with the stream channel as the primary sediment sources in the Beaver Kill and Stony Clove Creek watersheds.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20165157","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Ashokan Watershed Stream Management Program","usgsCitation":"Siemion, Jason, McHale, M.R., and Davis, W.D., 2016, Suspended-sediment and turbidity responses to sediment and turbidity reduction projects in the Beaver Kill, Stony Clove Creek, and Warner Creek Watersheds, New York, 2010–14: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2016–5157, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20165157.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 28 p.; Appendix 1","numberOfPages":"40","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-075484","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":331382,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5157/sir20165157_appendix1.csv","text":"Appendix 1","size":"8.93 KB","linkFileType":{"id":7,"text":"csv"},"description":"SIR 2016-5157 - Appendix 1","linkHelpText":"- Suspended sediment concentrations and concurrent turbidity"},{"id":331381,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5157/sir20165157.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.88 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5157"},{"id":331380,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5157/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":331383,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5157/sir20165157_appendix1.xlsx","text":"Appendix 1","size":"18.5 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"SIR 2016-5157 - Appendix 1"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Stony Clove Creek Watershed, Warner Creek Watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.4873046875,\n 42.049292638686836\n ],\n [\n -74.4873046875,\n 42.19088154556975\n ],\n [\n -74.15908813476562,\n 42.19088154556975\n ],\n [\n -74.15908813476562,\n 42.049292638686836\n ],\n [\n -74.4873046875,\n 42.049292638686836\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, New York Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
425 Jordan Road
Troy, NY 12180-8349
Information Requests:
(518) 285-5602
Or visit our Website at:
http://ny.water.usgs.gov
Dissolved organic matter samples extracted from ground water at the USGS Bemidji oil spill site in Minnesota were investigated by ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry. Principle component analysis (PCA) of the elemental composition assignments of the samples showed that the score plots for the contaminated sites were well separated from those for the uncontaminated sites. Additionally, spectra obtained from the same sampling site 7 and 19 years after the spill were grouped together in the score plot, strongly suggesting a steady state of contamination within the 12 year interval. The double bond equivalence (DBE) of Ox class compounds was broader for the samples from the contaminated sites, because of the complex nature of oil and the consequent formation of compounds with saturated and/or aromatic structures from the oxygenated products of oil. In addition, Ox class compounds with a relatively smaller number of x (x < 8; x = number of oxygen) and OxS1 class compounds were more abundant in the samples from the contaminated sites, because of the lower oxygen and higher sulfur contents of the oil compared to humic substances. The molecular-level signatures presented here can be a fundamental basis for in-depth analysis of oil contamination.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.08.018","usgsCitation":"Islam, A., Ahmed, A., Hur, M., Thorn, K.A., and Kim, S., 2016, Molecular-level evidence provided by ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry for oil-derived doc in groundwater at Bemidji, Minnesota: Journal of Hazardous Materials, v. 320, p. 123-132, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.08.018.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"123","endPage":"132","ipdsId":"IP-073491","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":331452,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","city":"Bemidji","volume":"320","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58468ae7e4b04fc80e5236bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Islam, Ananna","contributorId":177160,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Islam","given":"Ananna","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ahmed, Arif","contributorId":177162,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ahmed","given":"Arif","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hur, Manhoi","contributorId":177161,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hur","given":"Manhoi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thorn, Kevin A. 0000-0003-2236-5193 kathorn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2236-5193","contributorId":3288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thorn","given":"Kevin","email":"kathorn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":654847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kim, Sunghwan","contributorId":45606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kim","given":"Sunghwan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70178091,"text":"fs20163095 - 2016 - Hampton roads regional Water-Quality Monitoring Program","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-02T10:47:01","indexId":"fs20163095","displayToPublicDate":"2016-12-02T09:15:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2016-3095","title":"Hampton roads regional Water-Quality Monitoring Program","docAbstract":"How much nitrogen, phosphorus, and suspended solids are contributed by the highly urbanized areas of the Hampton Roads region in Virginia to Chesapeake Bay? The answer to this complex question has major implications for policy decisions, resource allocations, and efforts aimed at restoring clean waters to Chesapeake Bay and its tributaries. To quantify the amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, and suspended solids delivered to the bay from this region, the U.S. Geological Survey has partnered with the Hampton Roads Sanitation District (HRSD), in cooperation with the Hampton Roads Planning District Commission (HRPDC), to conduct a water-quality monitoring program throughout the Hampton Roads region.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20163095","collaboration":"In cooperation with the Hampton Roads Planning District Commission","usgsCitation":"Porter, A.J., and Jastram, J.D., 2016, Hampton roads regional Water-Quality Monitoring Program: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2016–3095, 2 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/fs20163095.","productDescription":"2 p. ","startPage":"1","endPage":"2","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-080738","costCenters":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":331303,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2016/3095/fs20163095.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.62 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2016-3095"},{"id":331373,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2016/3095/coverthb2.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.02264404296875,\n 37.131855694734625\n ],\n [\n -76.1077880859375,\n 37.201893907733826\n ],\n [\n -76.256103515625,\n 37.246728019617215\n ],\n [\n -76.44424438476562,\n 37.24454160816698\n ],\n [\n -76.57608032226562,\n 37.23579532804237\n ],\n [\n -76.69418334960938,\n 37.21064411993447\n ],\n [\n -76.70379638671874,\n 36.98719701173416\n ],\n [\n -76.66946411132812,\n 36.78399193687661\n ],\n [\n -76.640625,\n 36.65079252503471\n ],\n [\n -76.2506103515625,\n 36.640875904982344\n ],\n [\n -75.95947265625,\n 36.639773979496574\n ],\n [\n -75.93612670898438,\n 36.712467243386264\n ],\n [\n -75.92926025390625,\n 36.76419177390199\n ],\n [\n -75.96359252929686,\n 36.87302936279296\n ],\n [\n -76.02264404296875,\n 37.131855694734625\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Virginia and West Virginia Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1730 East Parham Road
Richmond, VA 23228
http://va.water.usgs.gov/HRstormwater/
http://va.water.usgs.gov/
Defining the distribution and flow of shallow groundwater beneath the Shinnecock Nation tribal lands in Suffolk County, New York, is a crucial first step in identifying sources of potential contamination to the surficial aquifer and coastal ecosystems. The surficial or water table aquifer beneath the tribal lands is the primary source of potable water supply for at least 6 percent of the households on the tribal lands. Oyster fisheries and other marine ecosystems are critical to the livelihood of many residents living on the tribal lands, but are susceptible to contamination from groundwater entering the embayment from the surficial aquifer. Contamination of the surficial aquifer from flooding during intense coastal storms, nutrient loading from fertilizers, and septic effluent have been identified as potential sources of human and ecological health concerns on tribal lands.
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) facilitated the installation of 17 water table wells on and adjacent to the tribal lands during March 2014. These wells were combined with other existing wells to create a 32-well water table monitoring network that was used to assess local hydrologic conditions. Survey-grade, global-navigation-satellite systems provided centimeter-level accuracy for positioning wellhead surveys. Water levels were measured by the USGS during May (spring) and November (fall) 2014 to evaluate seasonal effects on the water table. Water level measurements were made at high and low tide during May 2014 to identify potential effects on the water table caused by changes in tidal stage (tidal flux) in Shinnecock Bay. Water level contour maps indicate that the surficial aquifer is recharged by precipitation and upgradient groundwater flow that moves from the recharge zone located generally beneath Sunrise Highway, to the discharge zone beneath the tribal lands, and eventually discharges into the embayment, tidal creeks, and estuaries that bound the tribal lands to the east, south, and west.
Water levels in many of the wells in the network fluctuated in response to precipitation, upgradient groundwater flow, and tidal flux in Shinnecock Bay. Water level altitudes ranged from 6.66 to 0.47 feet (ft) above the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 during the spring measurement period, and from 5.25 to -0.24 ft (NAVD 88) during fall 2014. Historically, annual and seasonal precipitation seem to indicate long-term water level trends in an index well located in the town of Southampton, correlates with changes in storage in the upper glacial aquifer, but does not necessarily indicate water level extremes in the shallow groundwater system. To place the study period in perspective, calendar year 2014 was the 32d wettest year on record, with precipitation for the year totaling 48.1 inches, a 2.6-percent increase from the annual average (46.9 inches per year), based on 81 years of complete record at the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration, National Weather Service cooperative meteorological station at Bridgehampton, New York. Estimated recharge to the water table beneath the tribal lands from precipitation for 2014 is 25.4 inches.
Tidal flux caused water levels in wells to fluctuate from 0.30 to -0.24 ft during May 2014. Water levels in wells located north of Old Fort Pond and beneath the southernmost extent of the tribal lands were most influenced by tidal flux. During June 2014, hydrographs indicate that tidal flux influenced water levels by 0.48 ft in a well located near the southernmost extent of the tribal lands approximately 0.3 miles north of Shinnecock Bay, and was zero at a well located approximately 0.5 miles south of Montauk Highway, and 0.4 miles west of Heady Creek, near the geographic center of the tribal lands. Tidal-influence delay time (time interval between peak high-tide stage and corresponding peak high-water level) ranged from 1.75 hours at the well located near the southernmost extent of the tribal lands, to more than 4 hours at a well located north of Old Fort Pond, near the northwestern part of the tribal lands.
Estimated hydraulic-conductivity values derived from the results of specific-capacity tests that were completed at nine observation wells during March 2015 were used to calculate average linear velocity. Average linear velocity along conceptualized flow-path segments of the upper glacial aquifer located beneath the tribal lands was estimated using an assumed effective porosity value, and hydraulic-conductivity and hydraulic-head values that were interpolated from measured values. Groundwater travel times were estimated by dividing the length of the flow-path segment by the average linear velocity along the flow-path segment. Total estimated groundwater travel time along a conceptualized flow path, beginning near Sunrise Highway and terminating at Shinnecock Bay, is approximately 45 years using a porosity value of 30 percent.
A surficial-silty unit was identified from approximately 0 to 10 ft below land surface at multiple locations beneath the tribal lands. The lithology of the surficial unit was verified by interpreted gamma log results obtained from select wells, and auger-rig drill cuttings from an observation well located near the geographic center of the tribal lands. The altitude of the unit varies with topography and was delineated along a cross section line that trends north-south along the approximate centerline (spine) of the tribal lands. The altitude of the hydrogeologic contact between the upper glacial and the Magothy aquifers generally decreases from northwest to southeast, occurs at a depth ranging from about 150 to 200 ft beneath the tribal lands, and was identified at two locations north of the tribal lands, near Sunrise Highway and Sebonac Road. Results of electrical geophysical surveys indicate that the depth to the freshwater/saltwater interface decreases from north to south with decreasing water level altitude, and the Magothy and upper glacial aquifers contain saltwater at varying depths along the north-south trending section. Results of the surveys also indicate that the Magothy aquifer beneath the tribal lands contains brackish and salty water and is not considered a source of potable water supply. In general, depth to the interface increases with increasing geographic distance from the coastline. Low water table altitudes can result in increased saltwater encroachment into the surficial aquifer beneath the tribal lands. This upward movement and shallow depth of the freshwater/saltwater interface can jeopardize water quality in wells that supply water for domestic use.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20165110","isbn":"978-1-4113-4082-4","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Shinnecock Nation and the Suffolk County Department of Health Services","usgsCitation":"Noll, M.L., Rivera, S.L., and Busciolano, Ronald, 2016, Hydrologic assessment of the shallow groundwater flow system beneath the Shinnecock Nation tribal lands, Suffolk County, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2016–5110, 44 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20165110.\n","productDescription":"Report: ix, 44 p. ","startPage":"1","endPage":"44","numberOfPages":"58","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-068431","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":330721,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5110/sir20165110.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.05 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5110"},{"id":330720,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5110/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","county":"Suffolk County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.50927734375,\n 40.22712123211294\n ],\n [\n -74.50927734375,\n 41.166249339092\n ],\n [\n -71.69403076171875,\n 41.166249339092\n ],\n [\n -71.69403076171875,\n 40.22712123211294\n ],\n [\n -74.50927734375,\n 40.22712123211294\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, New York Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2045 Route 112, Building 4
Coram, NY 11727
Information requests:
(518) 285-5602
Or visit our Web site at:
http://ny.water.usgs.gov
Woody plant encroachment and overall declines in perennial vegetation in dryland regions can alter ecosystem properties and indicate land degradation, but the causes of these shifts remain controversial. Determining how changes in the abundance and distribution of grass and woody plants are influenced by conditions that regulate water availability at a regional scale provides a baseline to compare how management actions alter the composition of these vegetation types at a more local scale and can be used to predict future shifts under climate change. Using a remote‐sensing‐based approach, we assessed the balance between grasses and woody plants and how climate and topo‐edaphic conditions affected their abundances across the northern Sonoran Desert from 1989 to 2009. Despite widespread woody plant encroachment in this region over the last 150 years, we found that leguminous trees, including mesquite (Prosopis spp.), declined in cover in areas with prolonged drying conditions during the early 21st century. Creosote bush (Larrea tridentata) also had moderate decreases with prolonged drying but was buffered from changes on soils with low clay that promote infiltration and high available water capacity that allows for retention of water at depth. Perennial grasses have expanded and contracted over the last two decades in response to summer precipitation and were especially dynamic on shallow soils with high clay that have large fluctuations in water availability. Our results suggest that topo‐edaphic properties can amplify or ameliorate climate‐induced changes in woody plants and perennial grasses. Understanding these relationships has important implications for ecosystem function under climate change in the southwestern USA and can inform management efforts to regulate grass and woody plant abundances.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/eap.1389","usgsCitation":"Munson, S.M., Sankey, T.T., Xian, G.Z., Villarreal, M.L., and Homer, C.G., 2016, Decadal shifts in grass and woody plant cover are driven by prolonged drying and modified by topo‐edaphic properties: Ecological Applications, v. 26, no. 8, p. 2480-2494, https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.1389.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"2480","endPage":"2494","ipdsId":"IP-071685","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":382903,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.95,\n 31.7\n ],\n [\n -111.3,\n 31.7\n ],\n [\n -111.3,\n 33.79\n ],\n [\n -112.95,\n 33.79\n ],\n [\n -112.95,\n 31.7\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"26","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-09-30","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Munson, Seth M. 0000-0002-2736-6374 smunson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2736-6374","contributorId":1334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Munson","given":"Seth","email":"smunson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":809742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sankey, Temuulen T.","contributorId":173297,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sankey","given":"Temuulen","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":7202,"text":"NAU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Xian, George Z. 0000-0001-5674-2204 xian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5674-2204","contributorId":2263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xian","given":"George","email":"xian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":809744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Villarreal, Miguel L. 0000-0003-0720-1422 mvillarreal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0720-1422","contributorId":1424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Villarreal","given":"Miguel","email":"mvillarreal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":809745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Homer, Collin G. 0000-0003-4755-8135 homer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4755-8135","contributorId":2262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Homer","given":"Collin","email":"homer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":809746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70188831,"text":"70188831 - 2016 - Mineral thermometry and fluid inclusion studies of the Pea Ridge iron oxide-apatite–rare earth element deposit, Mesoproterozoic St. Francois Mountains Terrane, southeast Missouri, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-07T14:42:35","indexId":"70188831","displayToPublicDate":"2016-12-01T14:42:28","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mineral thermometry and fluid inclusion studies of the Pea Ridge iron oxide-apatite–rare earth element deposit, Mesoproterozoic St. Francois Mountains Terrane, southeast Missouri, USA","docAbstract":"Mineral thermometry and fluid inclusion studies were conducted on variably altered and mineralized samples from the Mesoproterozoic Pea Ridge iron oxide-apatite (IOA)-rare earth element (REE) deposit in order to constrain P-T conditions, fluid chemistry, and the source of salt and volatiles during early magnetite and later REE mineralization.
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)-cathodoluminescence and SEM-backscatter electron images show that quartz and rutile precipitated before, during, and after magnetite and REE mineral growth. Ti-in-quartz and Zr-in-rutile equilibration temperatures range from ≤350° to 750°C in the amphibole, magnetite, hematite, and silicified zones where T increased during magnetite and quartz growth and dropped precipitously after fracturing and brecciation. Late drusy quartz cements within a REE-rich breccia pipe record the lowest T (≤315°–400°C).
Liquid-, vapor-rich, and hypersaline (±hematite, calcite) fluid inclusions are common and liquid CO2 is present locally. Salinities define three populations: saline (10–27 wt % NaCl equiv), hypersaline (34–>60 wt % NaCl equiv), and dilute (0–10 wt % NaCl equiv ). The wide range of eutectic melting temperatures (−67° to −19°C) suggests that saline inclusions trapped variable proportions of a CaCl-MgCl-FeCl-bearing fluid end member and an NaCl-KCl fluid end member. Homogenization temperatures and pressures of these saline inclusions suggest they were trapped when fluids unmixed into brine and vapor at T <350°C, P <15 MPa, and a depth of ~1.5 km. Hypersaline inclusions were trapped at low T and P (~200°C and ~1 MPa) along the V + L + H curve when the system vented to the paleosurface. Data for dilute inclusions in late drusy quartz from the REE-rich breccia pipe are indicative of a boiling epithermal environment.
The Na/Cl, Na/K, and Cl/Br ratios of fluid inclusion extracts provide evidence for mixtures of magmatic hydrothermal fluids and evaporated seawater. Extracts from magnetite, hematite, and pyrite plot in the magmatic-hydrothermal field, indicating that Fe was derived from a magmatic source. Their enrichments in Mg and Ca are consistent with a mafic magmatic source. The positive correlation between Na/Mg and Na/Ca ratios may be due to halite saturation or albitization of igneous rocks. Extracts from barite in the REE-rich breccia pipes are enriched in Na and Br and plot near the seawater evaporation trend.
He is highly enriched relative to Ne and Ar in fluid inclusion extracts, which precludes air as a source of He. Although the He is mostly of crustal origin, pyrite with a 3He/4He (R/RA) of 0.1 contains up to 12% mantle He. Many extracts have low 20Ne/22Ne ratios due to nucleogenic production of 22Ne in high F/O minerals such as fluorapatite or F biotite. The arrays of data for 3He/4He (R/RA) and 22Ne/20Ne suggest that volatiles were derived from two sources, a moderate F mafic magma containing mantle He and a high F silicic magma with crustal He.
Together with other evidence cited in this report, these data (1) support a magmatic hydrothermal origin for the Mesoproterozoic magnetite-apatite deposit with ore fluids derived from a concealed mafic to intermediate-composition intrusion, (2) suggest that the REE minerals in breccia pipes were either derived from apatite or precipitated in response to decompression and cooling during breccia pipe formation, (3) provide evidence for the influx of basinal brine, magmatic fluids from granitic intrusions, and meteoric water after breccia pipe formation, and (4) show that Pea Ridge was relatively unaffected by the late Paleozoic Mississippi Valley-type (MVT) Pb-Zn system in overlying Cambrian sedimentary rocks.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/econgeo.111.8.1985","usgsCitation":"Hofstra, A.H., Meighan, C.J., Song, X., Samson, I., Marsh, E.E., Lowers, H.A., Emsbo, P., and Hunt, A.G., 2016, Mineral thermometry and fluid inclusion studies of the Pea Ridge iron oxide-apatite–rare earth element deposit, Mesoproterozoic St. Francois Mountains Terrane, southeast Missouri, USA: Economic Geology, v. 111, no. 8, p. 1985-2016, https://doi.org/10.2113/econgeo.111.8.1985.","productDescription":"32 p.","startPage":"1985","endPage":"2016","ipdsId":"IP-076706","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356299,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","volume":"111","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-11-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b6fc800e4b0f5d57878ec07","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hofstra, Albert H. 0000-0002-2450-1593 ahofstra@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2450-1593","contributorId":1302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hofstra","given":"Albert","email":"ahofstra@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meighan, Corey J. 0000-0002-5668-1621 cmeighan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5668-1621","contributorId":5892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meighan","given":"Corey","email":"cmeighan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Song, Xinyu","contributorId":193465,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Song","given":"Xinyu","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":700539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Samson, Iain","contributorId":193466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Samson","given":"Iain","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":700540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Marsh, Erin E. 0000-0001-5245-9532 emarsh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5245-9532","contributorId":1250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marsh","given":"Erin","email":"emarsh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lowers, Heather A. 0000-0001-5360-9264 hlowers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5360-9264","contributorId":191307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowers","given":"Heather","email":"hlowers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Emsbo, Poul 0000-0001-9421-201X pemsbo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9421-201X","contributorId":997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Emsbo","given":"Poul","email":"pemsbo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hunt, Andrew G. 0000-0002-3810-8610 ahunt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3810-8610","contributorId":1582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"Andrew","email":"ahunt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70179690,"text":"70179690 - 2016 - Changes in pond water levels and surface extent due to climate variability alter solute sources to closed-basin Prairie-Pothole wetland ponds, 1979 to 2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-07T14:25:49","indexId":"70179690","displayToPublicDate":"2016-12-01T14:25:41","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Changes in pond water levels and surface extent due to climate variability alter solute sources to closed-basin Prairie-Pothole wetland ponds, 1979 to 2012","docAbstract":"Wetter conditions beginning in 1993 resulted in marked changes in water levels and surface extent of prairie-pothole region wetland ponds, including closed-basin wetlands in the Cottonwood Lake area of North Dakota, U.S.A. Pond water levels after 1993 were consistently 0.5 to 2 m higher than during 1979–1993 (≤ 1 m deep) in wetlands lacking surface or substantial groundwater outlets, and ponds of some wetlands merged. Pond surface areas after 1993 were as much as twice pre-1993 areas. Weathered glacial till in the inundated uplands provided a source of solutes from the subsurface beyond the extent of the weathered wetland periphery and wetland sediments that existed before 1993. Increased pond peripheries also provided for more movement of solutes from shallow groundwater into wetland ponds during the wetter period. Long periods of higher water levels during pronounced wetter conditions can be associated with increased specific conductance for some wetland ponds. In wetlands receiving no groundwater input, specific conductance values of ponded waters were indistinguishable between wetter and preceding conditions. Thus, changes in specific conductance in wetland ponds during wetter climate conditions cannot be assumed to be uniform, a result of changing watershed solute sources.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s13157-016-0808-x","usgsCitation":"LaBaugh, J.W., Mushet, D.M., Rosenberry, D.O., Euliss, N.H., Goldhaber, M.B., Mills, C., and Nelson, R.D., 2016, Changes in pond water levels and surface extent due to climate variability alter solute sources to closed-basin Prairie-Pothole wetland ponds, 1979 to 2012: Wetlands, v. 36, no. Supplement 2, p. 343-355, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-016-0808-x.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"343","endPage":"355","ipdsId":"IP-071192","costCenters":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356295,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"Supplement 2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-09-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b6fc800e4b0f5d57878ec09","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"LaBaugh, James W. 0000-0002-4112-2536 jlabaugh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4112-2536","contributorId":1311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaBaugh","given":"James","email":"jlabaugh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":658258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mushet, David M. 0000-0002-5910-2744 dmushet@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5910-2744","contributorId":1299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mushet","given":"David","email":"dmushet@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":658259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rosenberry, Donald O. 0000-0003-0681-5641 rosenber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-5641","contributorId":1312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberry","given":"Donald","email":"rosenber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":658261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Euliss, Ned H. Jr. ceuliss@usgs.gov","contributorId":2916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Euliss","given":"Ned","suffix":"Jr.","email":"ceuliss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Goldhaber, Martin B. 0000-0002-1785-4243 mgold@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1785-4243","contributorId":1339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldhaber","given":"Martin","email":"mgold@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":658264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mills, Christopher T. 0000-0001-8414-1414 cmills@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8414-1414","contributorId":150137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mills","given":"Christopher T.","email":"cmills@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":658263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Nelson, Richard D.","contributorId":178232,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nelson","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70250107,"text":"70250107 - 2016 - Shifting patterns in SAV species diversity and community structure","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-20T16:22:31.592815","indexId":"70250107","displayToPublicDate":"2016-12-01T10:20:43","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Shifting patterns in SAV species diversity and community structure","docAbstract":"This chapter examines the shifting patterns in Chesapeake SAV community structure and the potential environmental variables that explain variation in species composition patterns at both long and short time periods. Bay-wide species occurrence data sets are summarized. These data show that twenty-seven or more species of SAV are found within the tidal Chesapeake Bay. Seventeen of these are common, and four of those are non-native. The distributions of these SAV species are largely controlled by salinity, resulting in species associations along salinity gradients. There is higher species richness in low salinity SAV communities compared to medium and high salinity areas, but some of the species have wide salinity tolerances and are found in more than one community type. Most low salinity SAV species have expanded their distributions within the Bay, whereas the distributions of medium and high salinity species have either not changed or decreased. Two non-native species (Hydrilla verticillata, Najas minor) have increased their distributions, while the distributions of two nonnative species (Myriophyllum spicatum, Potomogeton crispus) have not been observed to spread. Factors other than salinity that affect SAV community structure include water quality conditions, water movement, sediment quality, temperature, disease, water fowl herbivory, competitive interactions, propagule availability and shading from the invasive floating aquatic vegetation, Trapa natans. Historic declines in SAV abundances and diversity have largely been linked to anthropogenic impacts, although disease and storms have also contributed to episodic alterations to SAV communities.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chesapeake Bay submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV): A third technical synthesis","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Chesapeake Bay Program","usgsCitation":"Rybicki, N.B., Tanner, C.E., Shields, E.C., Moore, K.A., Kollar, S., Wilcox, D.J., and Engelhardt, K.A., 2016, Shifting patterns in SAV species diversity and community structure, chap. of Chesapeake Bay submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV): A third technical synthesis, p. 6-30.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"6","endPage":"30","ipdsId":"IP-090301","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":422732,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":422731,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.chesapeakebay.net/what/publications/chesapeake-bay-submerged-aquatic-vegetation-sav-a-third-technical-synthesis","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Chesapeake Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.04363165743484,\n 36.8187868897173\n ],\n [\n -75.614355316119,\n 37.95715200596091\n ],\n [\n -75.80417153423681,\n 38.41259170218382\n ],\n [\n -75.87620866466602,\n 39.78137527024407\n ],\n [\n -76.51837962182296,\n 39.76538855694642\n ],\n [\n -77.586973333989,\n 38.46726198075973\n ],\n [\n -76.77209194847646,\n 37.00987652995029\n ],\n [\n -76.04363165743484,\n 36.8187868897173\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rybicki, Nancy B. 0000-0002-2205-7927 nrybicki@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2205-7927","contributorId":2142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rybicki","given":"Nancy","email":"nrybicki@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":888377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tanner, Christopher E.","contributorId":331653,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tanner","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":79258,"text":"St. Mary's College of Maryland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":888378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shields, Erin C.","contributorId":331654,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shields","given":"Erin","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":6708,"text":"Virginia Institute of Marine Science","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":888379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Moore, Kenneth A.","contributorId":140569,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moore","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":888380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kollar, Stanley","contributorId":331655,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kollar","given":"Stanley","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":79259,"text":"Kollar Environmental Associates","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":888381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wilcox, David J.","contributorId":140565,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilcox","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":888382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Engelhardt, Katherina A. M.","contributorId":331656,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Engelhardt","given":"Katherina","email":"","middleInitial":"A. M.","affiliations":[{"id":7083,"text":"University of Maryland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":888383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70193338,"text":"70193338 - 2016 - Response of fish assemblages to decreasing acid deposition in Adirondack Mountain lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-14T11:45:45","indexId":"70193338","displayToPublicDate":"2016-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5590,"text":"NYSERDA Report","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"17-01","title":"Response of fish assemblages to decreasing acid deposition in Adirondack Mountain lakes","docAbstract":"The CAA and other federal regulations have clearly reduced emissions of NOx and SOx, acidic deposition, and the acidity and toxicity of waters in the ALTM lakes, but these changes have not triggered widespread recovery of brook trout populations or fish communities. The lack of detectable biological recovery appears to result from relatively recent chemical recovery and an insufficient period for species populations to take advantage of improved water quality. Recovery of extirpated species’ populations may simply require more time for individuals to migrate to and repopulate formerly occupied lakes. Supplemental stocking of selected species may be required in some lakes with no remnant (or nearby) populations or with physical barriers between the recovered lake and source populations. The lack of detectable biological recovery could also be related to our inability to calculate measures of uncertainty or error and, thus, examine temporal changes or differences in populations and community metrics in more depth (e.g., within individual lakes) using existing datasets. Indeed, recovery of brook trout populations and partial recovery of fish communities are documented in several lakes of the region, both with and without human intervention. Multiple fish surveys (annually or within the same year) or the use of mark and recapture methods within individual lakes would help alleviate the issue (provide measures of error for key fishery metrics) within the context of a more focused sampling strategy. Efforts to evaluate and detect recovery in fish assemblages from streams may be more effective than in lakes because various life stages, species’ populations, and entire assemblages are easier to quantify, with known levels of error, in streams than in lakes. Such long-term monitoring efforts could increase our ability to detect and quantify biological recovery in recovering (neutralizing) surface waters throughout the Adirondack Region.","language":"English","publisher":"New York State Energy Research and Development Authority","usgsCitation":"Baldigo, B.P., Roy, K., and Driscoll, C.T., 2016, Response of fish assemblages to decreasing acid deposition in Adirondack Mountain lakes: NYSERDA Report 17-01, iv, 15 p.","productDescription":"iv, 15 p.","numberOfPages":"24","ipdsId":"IP-084560","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":351604,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":347915,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.nyserda.ny.gov/-/media/Files/Publications/Research/Environmental/17-01-Response-fish-Assemblages-decreasing-acid-deposition.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Adirondacks","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.25,\n 43\n ],\n [\n -73.311767578125,\n 43\n ],\n [\n -73.311767578125,\n 44.88798544802555\n ],\n [\n -75.25,\n 44.88798544802555\n ],\n [\n -75.25,\n 43\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee92ee4b0da30c1bfc532","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baldigo, Barry P. 0000-0002-9862-9119 bbaldigo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9862-9119","contributorId":1234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baldigo","given":"Barry","email":"bbaldigo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roy, Karen","contributorId":178106,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roy","given":"Karen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Driscoll, Charles T.","contributorId":167460,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Driscoll","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":5082,"text":"Syracuse University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70179627,"text":"70179627 - 2016 - Response of fish assemblages to declining acidic deposition in Adirondack Mountain lakes, 1984–2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-10T11:29:24","indexId":"70179627","displayToPublicDate":"2016-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":924,"text":"Atmospheric Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Response of fish assemblages to declining acidic deposition in Adirondack Mountain lakes, 1984–2012","docAbstract":"Adverse effects of acidic deposition on the chemistry and fish communities were evident in Adirondack Mountain lakes during the 1980s and 1990s. Fish assemblages and water chemistry in 43 Adirondack Long-Term Monitoring (ALTM) lakes were sampled by the Adirondack Lakes Survey Corporation and the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation during three periods (1984–87, 1994–2005, and 2008–12) to document regional impacts and potential biological recovery associated with the 1990 amendments to the 1963 Clean Air Act (CAA). We assessed standardized data from 43 lakes sampled during the three periods to quantify the response of fish-community richness, total fish abundance, and brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) abundance to declining acidity that resulted from changes in U.S. air-quality management between 1984 and 2012. During the 28-year period, mean acid neutralizing capacity (ANC) increased significantly from 3 to 30 μeq/L and mean inorganic monomeric Al concentrations decreased significantly from 2.22 to 0.66 μmol/L, yet mean species richness, all species or total catch per net night (CPNN), and brook trout CPNN did not change significantly in the 43 lakes. Regression analyses indicate that fishery metrics were not directly related to the degree of chemical recovery and that brook trout CPNN may actually have declined with increasing ANC. While the richness of fish communities increased with increasing ANC as anticipated in several Adirondack lakes, observed improvements in water quality associated with the CAA have generally failed to produce detectable shifts in fish assemblages within a large number of ALTM lakes. Additional time may simply be needed for biological recovery to progress, or else more proactive efforts may be necessary to restore natural fish assemblages in Adirondack lakes in which water chemistry is steadily recovering from acidification.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.06.049","usgsCitation":"Baldigo, B.P., Roy, K., and Driscoll, C.T., 2016, Response of fish assemblages to declining acidic deposition in Adirondack Mountain lakes, 1984–2012: Atmospheric Environment, v. 146, p. 223-235, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.06.049.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"223","endPage":"235","ipdsId":"IP-071782","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470412,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.06.049","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":333018,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Adirondacks","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.333251953125,\n 43.068887774169625\n ],\n [\n -75.333251953125,\n 44.86365630540611\n ],\n [\n -73.2568359375,\n 44.86365630540611\n ],\n [\n -73.2568359375,\n 43.068887774169625\n ],\n [\n -75.333251953125,\n 43.068887774169625\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"146","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58760115e4b04eac8e0746dd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baldigo, Barry P. 0000-0002-9862-9119 bbaldigo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9862-9119","contributorId":1234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baldigo","given":"Barry","email":"bbaldigo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roy, Karen","contributorId":178106,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roy","given":"Karen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Driscoll, Charles T.","contributorId":167460,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Driscoll","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":5082,"text":"Syracuse University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":657949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70179765,"text":"70179765 - 2016 - Using continuous underway isotope measurements to map water residence time in hydrodynamically complex tidal environments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-17T14:23:10","indexId":"70179765","displayToPublicDate":"2016-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using continuous underway isotope measurements to map water residence time in hydrodynamically complex tidal environments","docAbstract":"Stable isotopes present in water (δ2H, δ18O) have been used extensively to evaluate hydrological processes on the basis of parameters such as evaporation, precipitation, mixing, and residence time. In estuarine aquatic habitats, residence time (τ) is a major driver of biogeochemical processes, affecting trophic subsidies and conditions in fish-spawning habitats. But τ is highly variable in estuaries, owing to constant changes in river inflows, tides, wind, and water height, all of which combine to affect τ in unpredictable ways. It recently became feasible to measure δ2H and δ18O continuously, at a high sampling frequency (1 Hz), using diffusion sample introduction into a cavity ring-down spectrometer. To better understand the relationship of τ to biogeochemical processes in a dynamic estuarine system, we continuously measured δ2H and δ18O, nitrate and water quality parameters, on board a small, high-speed boat (5 to >10 m s–1) fitted with a hull-mounted underwater intake. We then calculated τ as is classically done using the isotopic signals of evaporation. The result was high-resolution (∼10 m) maps of residence time, nitrate, and other parameters that showed strong spatial gradients corresponding to geomorphic attributes of the different channels in the area. The mean measured value of τ was 30.5 d, with a range of 0–50 d. We used the measured spatial gradients in both τ and nitrate to calculate whole-ecosystem uptake rates, and the values ranged from 0.006 to 0.039 d–1. The capability to measure residence time over single tidal cycles in estuaries will be useful for evaluating and further understanding drivers of phytoplankton abundance, resolving differences attributable to mixing and water sources, explicitly calculating biogeochemical rates, and exploring the complex linkages among time-dependent biogeochemical processes in hydrodynamically complex environments such as estuaries.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.6b05745","usgsCitation":"Downing, B.D., Bergamaschi, B.A., Kendall, C., Kraus, T.E., Dennis, K.J., Carter, J.A., and von Dessonneck, T., 2016, Using continuous underway isotope measurements to map water residence time in hydrodynamically complex tidal environments: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 50, no. 24, p. 13387-13396, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b05745.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"13387","endPage":"13396","ipdsId":"IP-072168","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470380,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b05745","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438500,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7H70D0N","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Continuous underway water quality and water isotope measurements in a hydrodynamically complex tidal environment"},{"id":333260,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sacramento−San Joaquin River Delta","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.69898986816406,\n 38.2225380989223\n ],\n [\n -121.69898986816406,\n 38.37019391098433\n ],\n [\n -121.63650512695312,\n 38.37019391098433\n ],\n [\n -121.63650512695312,\n 38.2225380989223\n ],\n [\n -121.69898986816406,\n 38.2225380989223\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"50","issue":"24","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-12-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"587f3bf9e4b0d96de256453f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Downing, Bryan D. 0000-0002-2007-5304 bdowning@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2007-5304","contributorId":1449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Downing","given":"Bryan","email":"bdowning@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":658596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bergamaschi, Brian A. 0000-0002-9610-5581 bbergama@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9610-5581","contributorId":140776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergamaschi","given":"Brian","email":"bbergama@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":658597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kendall, Carol 0000-0002-0247-3405 ckendall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0247-3405","contributorId":1462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"Carol","email":"ckendall@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":658598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kraus, Tamara E. C. 0000-0002-5187-8644 tkraus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5187-8644","contributorId":147560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kraus","given":"Tamara","email":"tkraus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E. C.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":658599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dennis, Kate J.","contributorId":178367,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dennis","given":"Kate","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Carter, Jeffery A.","contributorId":178368,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carter","given":"Jeffery","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"von Dessonneck, Travis","contributorId":178352,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"von Dessonneck","given":"Travis","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70184337,"text":"70184337 - 2016 - Deciduous trees are a large and overlooked sink for snowmelt water in the boreal forest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-07T15:45:52","indexId":"70184337","displayToPublicDate":"2016-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3358,"text":"Scientific Reports","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deciduous trees are a large and overlooked sink for snowmelt water in the boreal forest","docAbstract":"The terrestrial water cycle contains large uncertainties that impact our understanding of water budgets and climate dynamics. Water storage is a key uncertainty in the boreal water budget, with tree water storage often ignored. The goal of this study is to quantify tree water content during the snowmelt and growing season periods for Alaskan and western Canadian boreal forests. Deciduous trees reached saturation between snowmelt and leaf-out, taking up 21–25% of the available snowmelt water, while coniferous trees removed <1%. We found that deciduous trees removed 17.8–20.9 billion m3 of snowmelt water, which is equivalent to 8.7–10.2% of the Yukon River’s annual discharge. Deciduous trees transpired 2–12% (0.4–2.2 billion m3) of the absorbed snowmelt water immediately after leaf-out, increasing favorable conditions for atmospheric convection, and an additional 10–30% (2.0–5.2 billion m3) between leaf-out and mid-summer. By 2100, boreal deciduous tree area is expected to increase by 1–15%, potentially resulting in an additional 0.3–3 billion m3 of snowmelt water removed from the soil per year. This study is the first to show that deciduous tree water uptake of snowmelt water represents a large but overlooked aspect of the water balance in boreal watersheds.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/srep29504","usgsCitation":"Young, J., Bolton, W.R., Bhatt, U., Cristobal, J., and Thoman, R., 2016, Deciduous trees are a large and overlooked sink for snowmelt water in the boreal forest: Scientific Reports, v. 6, p. 1-10, https://doi.org/10.1038/srep29504.","productDescription":"Article 29504; 10 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"10","ipdsId":"IP-070469","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470389,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/srep29504","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":336967,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-07-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58bfd4f1e4b014cc3a3ba490","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Young, Jessica jmyoung@usgs.gov","contributorId":187609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"Jessica","email":"jmyoung@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":681043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bolton, W. Robert","contributorId":187610,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bolton","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Robert","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bhatt, Uma","contributorId":187611,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bhatt","given":"Uma","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cristobal, Jordi","contributorId":187612,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cristobal","given":"Jordi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Thoman, Richard","contributorId":187613,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thoman","given":"Richard","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70187744,"text":"70187744 - 2016 - Environmental extremes and biotic interactions facilitate depredation of endangered California Ridgway’s rail in a San Francisco Bay tidal marsh","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-16T15:44:08","indexId":"70187744","displayToPublicDate":"2016-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1153,"text":"California Fish and Game","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Environmental extremes and biotic interactions facilitate depredation of endangered California Ridgway’s rail in a San Francisco Bay tidal marsh","docAbstract":"On 23 December 2015 while performing a high tide population survey for endangered Ridgway’s rails (Rallus obsoletus obsoletus; formerly known as the California clapper rail) and other rail species at Arrowhead Marsh, Martin Luther King Jr. Regional Shoreline, Oakland, California, the authors observed a series of species interactions resulting in the predation of a Ridgway’s rail by an adult female peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus). High tide surveys are performed during the highest tides of the year when tidal marsh vegetation at Arrowhead Marsh becomes inundated, concentrating the tidal marsh obligate species into the limited area of emergent vegetation remaining as refuge cover. Annual mean tide level (elevation referenced relative to mean lower low water) at Arrowhead Marsh is 1.10 m, mean higher high water is 2.04 m (NOAA National Ocean Service 2014) and the average elevation of the marsh surface is 1.60 m (Overton et al. 2014). Tidal conditions on the day of the survey were predicted to be 2.42 m. Observed tides at the nearby Alameda Island tide gauge were 8 cm higher than predicted due to a regional low-pressure system and warmer than average sea surface temperatures (NOAA National Ocean Service 2014). The approximately 80 cm deep inundation of the marsh plain was sufficient to completely submerge tidal marsh vegetation and effectively remove 90% of refugia habitats.
","language":"English","publisher":"California Department of Fish and Wildlife","usgsCitation":"Overton, C.T., Bobzien, S., and Grefsrud, M., 2016, Environmental extremes and biotic interactions facilitate depredation of endangered California Ridgway’s rail in a San Francisco Bay tidal marsh: California Fish and Game, v. 102, no. 4, p. 157-161.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"157","endPage":"161","ipdsId":"IP-077798","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341393,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":341379,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://nrm.dfg.ca.gov/FileHandler.ashx?DocumentID=141860&inline"}],"volume":"102","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"591c0fc8e4b0a7fdb43ddeee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Overton, Cory T. 0000-0002-5060-7447 coverton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5060-7447","contributorId":3262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Overton","given":"Cory","email":"coverton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bobzien, Steven","contributorId":167184,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bobzien","given":"Steven","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24634,"text":"East Bay Regional Park District","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":695402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grefsrud, Marcia","contributorId":192076,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grefsrud","given":"Marcia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}