{"pageNumber":"415","pageRowStart":"10350","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184785,"records":[{"id":70230063,"text":"70230063 - 2022 - Rainfall an unlikely trigger of Kilauea’s 2018 rift eruption","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-28T13:47:26.611874","indexId":"70230063","displayToPublicDate":"2022-02-02T08:34:06","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Rainfall an unlikely trigger of Kīlauea’s 2018 rift eruption","title":"Rainfall an unlikely trigger of Kilauea’s 2018 rift eruption","docAbstract":"

If volcanic eruptions could be forecast from the occurrence of some external process, it might be possible to better mitigate risk and protect lives and livelihoods. Farquharson and Amelung1 suggested that the 2018 lower East Rift Zone (ERZ) eruption of Kīlauea Volcano—the most destructive eruption in Hawai‘i in at least 200 years2—was triggered by extreme precipitation, which caused increased pore pressure that resulted in mechanical weakening of the volcano. Here we argue that Kīlauea’s 2018 eruption was instead caused by significant pre-eruptive pressurization, that pre-eruptive rainfall was not extreme, and that there is no significant correlation between rain and eruptions at Kīlauea. Understanding the causal mechanisms of volcanic eruptions is vital for hazard assessment and mitigation, and misattribution may compromise monitoring, preparedness, communication and response efforts.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1038/s41586-021-04163-1","usgsCitation":"Poland, M., Hurwitz, S., Kauahikaua, J.P., Montgomery-Brown, E.K., Anderson, K.R., Johanson, I.A., Patrick, M.R., and Neal, C.A., 2022, Rainfall an unlikely trigger of Kilauea’s 2018 rift eruption: Nature, v. 602, no. 7895, p. E7-E10, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-04163-1.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"E7","endPage":"E10","ipdsId":"IP-119030","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":397697,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kilauea Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.511474609375,\n 19.21780295966795\n ],\n [\n -154.8,\n 19.21780295966795\n ],\n [\n -154.8,\n 19.6\n ],\n [\n -155.511474609375,\n 19.6\n ],\n [\n -155.511474609375,\n 19.21780295966795\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"602","issue":"7895","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-02-02","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poland, Michael 0000-0001-5240-6123","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":49920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael","affiliations":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":838933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hurwitz, Shaul 0000-0001-5142-6886 shaulh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5142-6886","contributorId":2169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hurwitz","given":"Shaul","email":"shaulh@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":838934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kauahikaua, James P. 0000-0003-3777-503X jimk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3777-503X","contributorId":2146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kauahikaua","given":"James","email":"jimk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":838935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Montgomery-Brown, Emily K. 0000-0001-6787-2055","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6787-2055","contributorId":214074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Montgomery-Brown","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":838936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Anderson, Kyle R. 0000-0001-8041-3996 kranderson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8041-3996","contributorId":3522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Kyle","email":"kranderson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":838937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Johanson, Ingrid A. 0000-0002-6049-2225","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6049-2225","contributorId":215613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johanson","given":"Ingrid","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":838939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Patrick, Matthew R. 0000-0002-8042-6639 mpatrick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8042-6639","contributorId":2070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patrick","given":"Matthew","email":"mpatrick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":838938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Neal, Christina A. 0000-0002-7697-7825 tneal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7697-7825","contributorId":131135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neal","given":"Christina","email":"tneal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":838940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70248850,"text":"70248850 - 2022 - Operational assessment tool for forest carbon dynamics for the United States: A new spatially explicit approach linking the LUCAS and CBM-CFS3 models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-22T13:35:38.842499","indexId":"70248850","displayToPublicDate":"2022-02-02T08:26:38","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1183,"text":"Carbon Balance and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Operational assessment tool for forest carbon dynamics for the United States: A new spatially explicit approach linking the LUCAS and CBM-CFS3 models","docAbstract":"

Background

Quantifying the carbon balance of forested ecosystems has been the subject of intense study involving the development of numerous methodological approaches. Forest inventories, processes-based biogeochemical models, and inversion methods have all been used to estimate the contribution of U.S. forests to the global terrestrial carbon sink. However, estimates have ranged widely, largely based on the approach used, and no single system is appropriate for operational carbon quantification and forecasting. We present estimates obtained using a new spatially explicit modeling framework utilizing a “gain–loss” approach, by linking the LUCAS model of land-use and land-cover change with the Carbon Budget Model of the Canadian Forest Sector (CBM-CFS3).

Results

We estimated forest ecosystems in the conterminous United States stored 52.0 Pg C across all pools. Between 2001 and 2020, carbon storage increased by 2.4 Pg C at an annualized rate of 126 Tg C year−1. Our results broadly agree with other studies using a variety of other methods to estimate the forest carbon sink. Climate variability and change was the primary driver of annual variability in the size of the net carbon sink, while land-use and land-cover change and disturbance were the primary drivers of the magnitude, reducing annual sink strength by 39%. Projections of carbon change under climate scenarios for the western U.S. find diverging estimates of carbon balance depending on the scenario. Under a moderate emissions scenario we estimated a 38% increase in the net sink of carbon, while under a high emissions scenario we estimated a reversal from a net sink to net source.

Conclusions

The new approach provides a fully coupled modeling framework capable of producing spatially explicit estimates of carbon stocks and fluxes under a range of historical and/or future socioeconomic, climate, and land management futures.

","language":"English","publisher":"BMC","doi":"10.1186/s13021-022-00201-1","usgsCitation":"Sleeter, B.M., Frid, L., Rayfield, B., Daniel, C., Zhu, Z., and Marvin, D., 2022, Operational assessment tool for forest carbon dynamics for the United States: A new spatially explicit approach linking the LUCAS and CBM-CFS3 models: Carbon Balance and Management, v. 17, 1, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.1186/s13021-022-00201-1.","productDescription":"1, 26 p.","ipdsId":"IP-135920","costCenters":[{"id":505,"text":"Office of the AD Climate and Land-Use Change","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":448919,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13021-022-00201-1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435982,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9QUIRNP","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Carbon stocks and fluxes for the conterminous United States 2001-2020"},{"id":421068,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Continental United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"MultiPolygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n [\n -94.81758,\n 49.38905\n ],\n [\n -94.64,\n 48.84\n ],\n [\n -94.32914,\n 48.67074\n ],\n [\n -93.63087,\n 48.60926\n ],\n [\n -92.61,\n 48.45\n ],\n [\n -91.64,\n 48.14\n ],\n [\n -90.83,\n 48.27\n ],\n [\n -89.6,\n 48.01\n ],\n [\n -89.27292,\n 48.01981\n ],\n [\n -88.37811,\n 48.30292\n ],\n [\n -87.43979,\n 47.94\n ],\n [\n -86.46199,\n 47.55334\n ],\n [\n -85.65236,\n 47.22022\n ],\n [\n -84.87608,\n 46.90008\n ],\n [\n -84.77924,\n 46.6371\n ],\n [\n -84.54375,\n 46.53868\n ],\n [\n -84.6049,\n 46.4396\n ],\n [\n -84.3367,\n 46.40877\n ],\n [\n -84.14212,\n 46.51223\n 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the effects of hydrology on fish populations is essential to managing for native fish conservation. However, despite decades of research illustrating streamflow influences on fish habitat, reproduction and survival, biologists remain challenged when tasked with predicting how fish populations will respond to changes in flow regimes. This uncertainty stems from insufficient understanding of the context-dependent mechanisms underlying fish responses to, for example, periods of reduced flow or altered frequency of high-flow events. We aim to address this gap by drawing on previous research to hypothesize mechanisms by which low- and high-flows influence fish populations and communities, identifying challenges that stem from data limitations and ecological complexity, and outlining research directions that can advance an empirical basis for prediction. Focusing flow-ecology research on testing and refining mechanistic hypotheses can help narrow management uncertainties and better support species conservation in changing flow regimes.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/fsh.10731","usgsCitation":"Freeman, M., Bestgen, K., Carlisle, D.M., Frimpong, E.A., Franssen, N.R., Gido, K.B., Irwin, E.R., Kanno, Y., Luce, C.H., McKay, S.K., Mims, M.C., Olden, J., Poff, N.L., Propst, D.L., Rack, L., Roy, A.H., Stowe, E.S., Walters, A.W., and Wenger, S., 2022, Toward improved prediction of streamflow effects on freshwater fishes: Fisheries Magazine, v. 47, no. 7, p. 290-298, https://doi.org/10.1002/fsh.10731.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"290","endPage":"298","ipdsId":"IP-128605","costCenters":[{"id":683,"text":"Wyoming Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":448921,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsh.10731","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":395266,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-03-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Freeman, Mary 0000-0001-7615-6923 mcfreeman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7615-6923","contributorId":3528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freeman","given":"Mary","email":"mcfreeman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":832721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bestgen, Kevin R.","contributorId":264509,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bestgen","given":"Kevin R.","affiliations":[{"id":13606,"text":"CSU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":832722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carlisle, Daren M. 0000-0002-7367-348X dcarlisle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7367-348X","contributorId":513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlisle","given":"Daren","email":"dcarlisle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":832723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Frimpong, Emmanuel A.","contributorId":273251,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Frimpong","given":"Emmanuel","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12694,"text":"Virginia Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":832724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Franssen, Nathan R.","contributorId":273252,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Franssen","given":"Nathan","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":832725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gido, Ketih B.","contributorId":273253,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gido","given":"Ketih","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":12661,"text":"Kansas State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":832726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Irwin, Elise R. 0000-0002-6866-4976 eirwin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6866-4976","contributorId":2588,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irwin","given":"Elise","email":"eirwin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":506,"text":"Office of the AD Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":832727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kanno, Yoichiro","contributorId":210653,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kanno","given":"Yoichiro","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":832728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Luce, Charles H.","contributorId":177837,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Luce","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":37389,"text":"U.S. Forest Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":832729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"McKay, S. Kyle","contributorId":169086,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKay","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"Kyle","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":832730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Mims, Meryl C. 0000-0003-0570-988X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0570-988X","contributorId":209951,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mims","given":"Meryl","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":832731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Olden, Julian D.","contributorId":202893,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Olden","given":"Julian D.","affiliations":[{"id":6934,"text":"University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":832732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Poff, N. 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Emerging infectious disease threatens amphibian biodiversity worldwide, including in landscapes that are protected from many anthropogenic stressors. We summarized data from studies in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (GYE), one of the largest and most complete temperate-zone ecosystems on Earth, to assess the current state of knowledge about ranaviruses and the novel amphibian chytrid fungus (Bd) in this landscape, and to provide insight into future threats and conservation strategies. Our comprehension of these amphibian diseases in the GYE is based on >20 years of monitoring, surveys, population studies, and opportunistic observations of mortality events. Research indicates that local species are affected differently, depending on temperature, community structure, and location in the GYE. Bd has not been linked to die-offs in the GYE but evidence for ongoing reductions in survival contributes to foundational data about the effects of this pathogen in North America. Localized mortality events attributed to, or consistent with, disease from ranaviruses, are widespread in the GYE, but there is less information on how ranaviruses affect amphibian vital rates. The significance of disease in the long-term persistence of amphibians in the GYE is linked to anticipated changes in climate, especially drought. Additionally, expected increases in visitor use, and its associated impacts, have the potential to exacerbate the effects of disease. Long-term information from this large, intact landscape helps to frame our understanding of the effects of disease on amphibians and provides data that can contribute to management decisions, mitigation strategies, and forecasting efforts.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2022.108577","usgsCitation":"Muths, E.L., and Hossack, B.R., 2022, The role of monitoring and research in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem in framing our understanding of the effects of disease on amphibians: Ecological Indicators, v. 136, 108577, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2022.108577.","productDescription":"108577, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-132880","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":448923,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2022.108577","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":414770,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.28035985446333,\n 45.220187202284905\n ],\n [\n -111.28035985446333,\n 42.77976798388039\n ],\n [\n -108.9412781432977,\n 42.77976798388039\n ],\n [\n -108.9412781432977,\n 45.220187202284905\n ],\n [\n -111.28035985446333,\n 45.220187202284905\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"136","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Muths, Erin L. 0000-0002-5498-3132 muthse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5498-3132","contributorId":1260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muths","given":"Erin","email":"muthse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":867562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hossack, Blake R. 0000-0001-7456-9564 blake_hossack@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7456-9564","contributorId":1177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hossack","given":"Blake","email":"blake_hossack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":867563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70234356,"text":"70234356 - 2022 - Activity patterns of Hawaiian forest birds in a fragmented and continuous landscape","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-09T12:13:46.931348","indexId":"70234356","displayToPublicDate":"2022-02-02T07:11:43","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2190,"text":"Journal of Avian Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Activity patterns of Hawaiian forest birds in a fragmented and continuous landscape","docAbstract":"

Activity patterns are a key component of avian life history and behavior, and decisions about how activity periods are structured can have important fitness implications. Despite the importance of activity patterns, individual variability in activity is poorly studied in small birds. We used automated radio telemetry to track Hawaiian forest birds from three dietary guilds in a continuous forest, and in a similar forest that was naturally fragmented in the 1800s by lava flows but supports stable populations of native birds. We generated kernel density profiles of activity (KDEs) over the full tracking period of each bird and used the KDEs to derive seven activity metrics that characterized daily activity patterns. We identified three distinct activity strategies using a cluster analysis of the activity metrics and assessed day-to-day variability in activity strategy to understand intraindividual consistency in activity behavior. We also evaluated the influence of landscape structure, dietary guild and sex on the suite of activity metrics using constrained ordination. Most birds (61%) exhibited high levels of sustained activity throughout the day, while 23% showed irregular activity most of the day followed by a peak in the late afternoon, and 16% were mainly active in the morning. Though activity patterns varied by sex and dietary guild, landscape structure had the strongest influence on activity patterns. Birds sustained high levels of activity throughout the day in the fragmented landscape regardless of dietary guild, suggesting they needed to be more active to obtain necessary resources. However, activity patterns of birds in the fragmented landscape varied more day-to-day, indicating they retained a method for adjusting behavior to match internal and external conditions. This study reveals how a diverse suite of tropical birds has adapted to long-term fragmentation in Hawaiʻi and demonstrates the utility of automated radio telemetry for studying the activity strategies of birds.

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disease","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-27T12:07:35.971729","indexId":"70241787","displayToPublicDate":"2022-02-02T07:06:33","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2158,"text":"Journal of Animal Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Context-dependent variation in persistence of host populations in the face of disease","docAbstract":"

Research Highlight: Valenzuela-Sánchez, A., Azat, C., Cunningham, A. A., Delgado, S., Bacigalupe, L. D., Beltrand, J., Serrano, J. M., Sentenac, H., Haddow, N., Toledo, V., Schmidt, B. R., & Cayuela, H. (2022). Interpopulation differences in male reproductive effort drive the population dynamics of a host exposed to an emerging fungal pathogen. Journal of Animal Ecology, 00, 1– 12. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.13603. Understanding the nuances of population persistence in the face of a stressor can help predict extinction risk and guide conservation actions. However, the exact mechanisms driving population stability may not always be known. In this paper, Valenzuela-Sánchez et al. (2022) integrate long-term mark–recapture data, focal measurements of reproductive effort, a population matrix model and inferences on life-history variation to reveal differences in demographic response to disease in a susceptible frog species (Rhinoderma darwinii). Valenzuela-Sánchez et al. found that demographic compensation via recruitment explained the positive population growth rate in their high disease prevalence population whereas the low disease prevalence population did not compensate and thus had decreasing population growth. Compensatory recruitment was likely due to the high probability of males brooding, and the high number of brooded larvae in the high prevalence population compared to low prevalence and disease-free populations. Valenzuela-Sánchez et al. also document faster generation times in the high prevalence population, which may indicate a faster life history that may be contributing to the population's ability to compensate for reduced survival. Lastly, the authors find a positive relationship between disease prevalence and the proportion of juveniles in a given population that suggest that there may be a threshold for disease prevalence that triggers increased reproductive effort. Altogether, their study provides novel support for increased reproductive effort as the pathway for compensatory recruitment leading to increasing population growth despite strong negative effects of disease on adult survival. Their results also caution the overgeneralization of the effects of stressors (e.g. disease) on population dynamics, where context-dependent responses may differ among host populations of a given species.

","language":"English","publisher":"British Ecological Society","doi":"10.1111/1365-2656.13654","usgsCitation":"Hardy, B., Muths, E.L., and Koons, D.N., 2022, Context-dependent variation in persistence of host populations in the face of disease: Journal of Animal Ecology, v. 91, no. 2, p. 282-286, https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.13654.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"282","endPage":"286","ipdsId":"IP-135071","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":414767,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"91","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-02-02","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hardy, Bennett","contributorId":303568,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hardy","given":"Bennett","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":867564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Muths, Erin L. 0000-0002-5498-3132 muthse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5498-3132","contributorId":1260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muths","given":"Erin","email":"muthse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":867565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Koons, David N.","contributorId":28137,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koons","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":867566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70241895,"text":"70241895 - 2022 - Quantifying streamflow depletion from groundwater pumping: A practical review of past and emerging approaches for water management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-30T11:53:25.809423","indexId":"70241895","displayToPublicDate":"2022-02-02T06:51:42","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying streamflow depletion from groundwater pumping: A practical review of past and emerging approaches for water management","docAbstract":"

Groundwater pumping can cause reductions in streamflow (“streamflow depletion”) that must be quantified for conjunctive management of groundwater and surface water resources. However, streamflow depletion cannot be measured directly and is challenging to estimate because pumping impacts are masked by streamflow variability due to other factors. Here, we conduct a management-focused review of analytical, numerical, and statistical models for estimating streamflow depletion and highlight promising emerging approaches. Analytical models are easy to implement, but include many assumptions about the stream and aquifer. Numerical models are widely used for streamflow depletion assessment and can represent many processes affecting streamflow, but have high data, expertise, and computational needs. Statistical approaches are a historically underutilized tool due to difficulty in attributing causality, but emerging causal inference techniques merit future research and development. We propose that streamflow depletion-related management questions can be divided into three broad categories (attribution, impacts, and mitigation) that influence which methodology is most appropriate. We then develop decision criteria for method selection based on suitability for local conditions and the management goal, actionability with current or obtainable data and resources, transparency with respect to process and uncertainties, and reproducibility.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/1752-1688.12998","usgsCitation":"Zipper, S., Farmer, W., Brookfield, A.E., Ajami, H., Reeves, H.W., Wardropper, C., Hammond, J., Gleeson, T., and Deines, J.M., 2022, Quantifying streamflow depletion from groundwater pumping: A practical review of past and emerging approaches for water management: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 58, no. 2, p. 289-312, https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.12998.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"289","endPage":"312","ipdsId":"IP-126304","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":448929,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.12998","text":"External Repository"},{"id":414952,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"58","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-02-15","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zipper, Samuel 0000-0002-8735-5757","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8735-5757","contributorId":225160,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zipper","given":"Samuel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":41056,"text":"Kansas Geological Survey, University of Kansas, Lawrence KS 66047, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":868129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Farmer, William H. 0000-0002-2865-2196","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2865-2196","contributorId":223181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farmer","given":"William H.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":868130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brookfield, Andrea E.","contributorId":202677,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brookfield","given":"Andrea","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":868131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ajami, Hoori 0000-0001-6883-7630","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6883-7630","contributorId":303806,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ajami","given":"Hoori","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36629,"text":"University of California","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":868132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Reeves, Howard W. 0000-0001-8057-2081 hwreeves@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8057-2081","contributorId":2307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reeves","given":"Howard","email":"hwreeves@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":868133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wardropper, Chloe 0000-0002-0652-2315","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0652-2315","contributorId":303807,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wardropper","given":"Chloe","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36394,"text":"University of Idaho","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":868134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hammond, John C. 0000-0002-4935-0736","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4935-0736","contributorId":223108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hammond","given":"John C.","affiliations":[{"id":41514,"text":"Maryland-Delaware-District of Columbia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":868135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Gleeson, Tom","contributorId":42694,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gleeson","given":"Tom","affiliations":[{"id":6646,"text":"McGill University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":868136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Deines, Jillian M. 0000-0002-4279-8765","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4279-8765","contributorId":303808,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Deines","given":"Jillian","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6986,"text":"Stanford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":868137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70262534,"text":"70262534 - 2022 - Mark-recapture models accurately predict growth trajectories of known-age Muskellunge in Green Bay, Lake Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-21T18:57:53.395514","indexId":"70262534","displayToPublicDate":"2022-02-01T12:32:43","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mark-recapture models accurately predict growth trajectories of known-age Muskellunge in Green Bay, Lake Michigan","docAbstract":"

Length-at-age data are commonly used to describe growth of fish, and obtaining these data typically involves estimating ages from calcified structures (e.g., fin spines or rays, otoliths, or cleithra). Verifying the accuracy of age and growth estimates for long-lived fish is often difficult because known-age fish are not available for all ages in a population. Mark–recapture methods offer nonlethal alternatives for estimating growth of fish that do not require age data. However, few studies have compared growth trajectories estimated from mark–recapture data with trajectories estimated using the standard von Bertalanffy growth function (VBGF) incorporating length-at-age data from known-age fish. We used a robust data set of Muskellunge Esox masquinongy sampled from Green Bay, Lake Michigan, during 1990–2018 to compare growth trajectories estimated from three mark–recapture models and a VBGF fitted to length-at-age data from known-age individuals. Growth trajectories estimated with mark–recapture models were similar to trajectories estimated with a VBGF using known-age fish. Our results suggest that using recapture of tagged fish provides a viable alternative for describing Muskellunge growth trajectories compared with using ages estimated from calcified structures, where incorrect age estimates represent an additional source of error.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1002/nafm.10757","usgsCitation":"Sheffer, R., Hogler, S., and Isermann, D.A., 2022, Mark-recapture models accurately predict growth trajectories of known-age Muskellunge in Green Bay, Lake Michigan: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 42, no. 2, p. 410-424, https://doi.org/10.1002/nafm.10757.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"410","endPage":"424","ipdsId":"IP-129450","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":480851,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Green Bay, Lake Michigan, Sturgeon Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.27706007733632,\n 44.35374357415128\n ],\n [\n -86.88196993224543,\n 44.35374357415128\n ],\n [\n -86.88196993224543,\n 45.190198563184424\n ],\n [\n -88.27706007733632,\n 45.190198563184424\n ],\n [\n -88.27706007733632,\n 44.35374357415128\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"42","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sheffer, Robert J.","contributorId":349585,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sheffer","given":"Robert J.","affiliations":[{"id":17613,"text":"University of Wisconsin - Stevens Point","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":924493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hogler, Steven R.","contributorId":349586,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hogler","given":"Steven R.","affiliations":[{"id":16117,"text":"Wisconsin DNR","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":924494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Isermann, Daniel A. 0000-0003-1151-9097 disermann@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1151-9097","contributorId":5167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Isermann","given":"Daniel","email":"disermann@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":924492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70227601,"text":"fs20213057 - 2022 - National assessment of carbon dioxide enhanced oil recovery and associated carbon dioxide retention resources — Summary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-25T14:46:01.13385","indexId":"fs20213057","displayToPublicDate":"2022-02-01T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2021-3057","displayTitle":"National Assessment of Carbon Dioxide Enhanced Oil Recovery and Associated Carbon Dioxide Retention Resources—Summary","title":"National assessment of carbon dioxide enhanced oil recovery and associated carbon dioxide retention resources — Summary","docAbstract":"

Introduction

In 2020, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) completed a probabilistic assessment of the volume of technically recoverable oil resources that might be produced by using current carbon dioxide enhanced oil recovery (CO2-EOR) technologies in amenable conventional oil reservoirs underlying the onshore and State waters areas of the conterminous United States. The assessment also includes estimates of the mass of CO2 that could be stored (retained) in the assessed oil reservoirs following the application of the CO2-EOR process. The USGS assessment team evaluated more than 3,500 oil reservoirs that were miscible to injected CO2. The assessed reservoirs are in 185 previously defined USGS plays in 33 petroleum provinces of 7 national regions. The team estimated that the total technically recoverable oil resulting from the application of the CO2-EOR process ranges from approximately 25,000 million barrels (MMbbl) at the P5 percentile to as much as 32,000 MMbbl at the P95 percentile, with a mean of 29,000 MMbbl. The associated CO2 retention ranges from approximately 7,400 million metric tons (Mt) at the P5 percentile to as much as 9,500 Mt at the P95 percentile, with a mean of 8,400 Mt. The results are summarized in this fact sheet and are provided in more detail in the companion data release and circular.

The West Texas and Eastern New Mexico region (primarily its Permian Basin) and the Gulf Coast region together contain 60 percent of the mean assessed CO2-EOR oil potential and 61 percent of the mean assessed CO2 retention. Other regions with significant resource potential include the Midcontinent region and the Rocky Mountains and Northern Great Plains region.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20213057","programNote":"Energy Resources Program","usgsCitation":"Warwick, P.D., Attanasi, E.D., Blondes, M.S., Brennan, S.T., Buursink, M.L., Cahan, S.M., Doolan, C.A., Freeman, P.A., Karacan, C.Ö., Lohr, C.D., Merrill, M.D., Olea, R.A., Shelton, J.L., Slucher, E.R., and Varela, B.A., 2022, National assessment of carbon dioxide enhanced oil recovery and associated carbon dioxide retention resources—Summary: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2021–3057, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20213057.","productDescription":"Report: 6 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-122387","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":49175,"text":"Geology, Energy & Minerals Science 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Program Coordinator, Energy Resources Program
U.S. Geological Survey
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 20192
Telephone: 703–648–6470

Contact Pubs Warehouse

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In 2020, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) completed a probabilistic assessment of the volume of technically recoverable oil resources available if current carbon dioxide enhanced oil recovery (CO2-EOR) technologies were applied to amenable oil reservoirs underlying the onshore and State waters areas of the conterminous United States. The assessment also includes estimates of the mass of CO2 that could be stored (retained) as a result of CO2-EOR activities. The USGS assessment team evaluated more than 3,500 oil reservoirs that were miscible to injected CO2. The assessed reservoirs are in 185 previously defined USGS plays in 33 petroleum provinces of 7 national regions. The assessment team estimated that the technically recoverable oil associated with CO2-EOR ranges from approximately 25,000 million barrels (MMbbl) at the P5 percentile to as much as 32,000 MMbbl at the P95 percentile, with a mean of 29,000 MMbbl. The associated CO2 retention ranges from approximately 7,400 million metric tons (Mt) at the P5 percentile to as much as 9,500 Mt at the P95 percentile, with a mean of 8,400 Mt. The West Texas and Eastern New Mexico region and the Gulf Coast region together contain 60 percent of the mean assessed CO2-EOR oil potential and 61 percent of the mean assessed CO2 retention. Other regions with significant resource potential include the Midcontinent region and Rocky Mountains and Northern Great Plains region.

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Program Coordinator, Energy Resources Program
U.S. Geological Survey
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 20192
Telephone: 703–648–6470

Contact Pubs Warehouse

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The Living Shoreline Demonstration Project (PO-148) used five bio-engineered reef technologies (Reef Balls in two configurations; Figure 1) acting as breakwaters to protect vulnerable shorelines. While the primary goal is to attenuate wave energy, the sustainability and success of these products as “living” shorelines are based on their ability to enhance oyster habitat, enabling the reef to maintain elevation within the rapidly changing environment (i.e., sea level rise, subsidence). This report documents the recruitment, survival, and growth of the living components of the reef – oysters and other encrusting organisms (e.g. mussels, barnacles). This final technical report provides data from five years of monitoring (November 2017 – December 2021) of reefs located along the western side of Eloi Bay in Pontchartrain Basin (Figure 2). Monitoring goals included assessment of (1) annual oyster densities and population dynamics on the reefs, (2) annual density and diversity of other encrusting organisms, and (3) comparisons of outcomes by reef technology, exposure, and water quality. Detailed information on technologies used, construction design, as-built elevations are available in Coast & Harbor Engineering (2016) Design Memorandum dated March 25, 2016, submitted to Louisiana Coastal Protection and Restoration Authority.

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No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"The Denver Well Logging Society","usgsCitation":"Lagesse, J.H., 2022, The Denver Well Logging Society February 2022 Newsletter: From the VP - Technology: Denver Well Drilling Society Newsletter, no. February 2022, HTML Document.","productDescription":"HTML Document","ipdsId":"IP-137345","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":399681,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":399680,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dwls.spwla.org/2022-02-Newsletter.html"}],"issue":"February 2022","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lagesse, Jenny Heather 0000-0002-3541-4751","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3541-4751","contributorId":290621,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lagesse","given":"Jenny","email":"","middleInitial":"Heather","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":841417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70249400,"text":"70249400 - 2022 - Comment on ‘Evidence for a large strike-slip component during the 1960 Chilean earthquake’ by H. Kanamori, L. Rivera, and S. Lambotte","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-05T15:52:18.805799","indexId":"70249400","displayToPublicDate":"2022-02-01T10:40:16","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1803,"text":"Geophysical Journal International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comment on ‘Evidence for a large strike-slip component during the 1960 Chilean earthquake’ by H. Kanamori, L. Rivera, and S. Lambotte","docAbstract":"

Based on numerous studies of the relevant geodetic data, a low-angle thrusting mechanism has been assigned to the 1960 Chile earthquake. Kanamori, Rivera and Lambotte recently suggested that a component of dextral slip comparable to the thrusting be included in the mechanism to satisfy long-period, teleseismic observations. The absence of geodetic evidence for that huge strike-slip component is the subject of this comment. The geodetic data are largely measurements of coseismic uplift associated with the earthquake but include eight measurements of the coseismic change in shear strain. Because strike-slip produces relatively little uplift except near the end points of the rupture, identification of that strike-slip component in the geodetic data depends upon the measured, shear-strain change. I consider elastic, half-space models of oblique slip on the plate interface possibly supplemented by simultaneous dextral slip on the nearby, intra-arc Liquiñe-Ofqui Fault Zone. Slip is assumed to be uniform along strike. The best fits to the geodetic data for these models furnish little evidence for strike-slip on those structures. To satisfy the long-period, teleseismic data, Kanamori et al. proposed six examples, each of which requires a large amount of dextral slip. Because the long-period, teleseismic data do not define the slip distributions, I have used the best fits of those examples to the geodetic data to define those distributions. The large thrusting near the deformation front required by those slip distributions implies large uplift there, contrary to the uplift inferred from the inversion of tsunami data. However, an acceptable fit to the geodetic data and the tsunami data for the six examples suggested by Kanamori et al. can be obtained if the seismic moments specified by them are reduced by a factor ∼1.8, a factor within the uncertainties in estimating seismic moments of the 1960 Chile earthquake. The presence of strike-slip in those reduced-moment examples despite the lack of geodetic evidence for strike-slip is due to a remarkable coincidence that requires careful balancing of contributions from the shallower (depths < 70 km) coseismic sources against those from the deeper coseismic sources to nullify the geodetic evidence for strike-slip. Such balancing is possible, but it is remarkable that the balancing is so nearly perfect that it nullifies the geodetic evidence for strike-slip and thereby confounds the interpretation of the geodetic data.

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surveillance of a potential bridge host: Pathogen exposure risks posed to avian populations augmented with captive-bred pheasants","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-13T14:39:58.812289","indexId":"70227892","displayToPublicDate":"2022-02-01T10:17:04","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3849,"text":"Transboundary and Emerging Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Health surveillance of a potential bridge host: Pathogen exposure risks posed to avian populations augmented with captive-bred pheasants","docAbstract":"

Augmentation of wild populations with captive-bred individuals presents an inherent risk of co-introducing novel pathogens to naïve species, but it can be an important tool for supplementing small or declining populations. Game species used for human enterprise and recreation such as the ring-necked pheasant (Phasianus colchicus) are commonly raised in captivity and released onto public and private wildlands as a method of augmenting naturalized pheasant populations. This study presents findings on pathogen exposure from three sources of serological data collected in California during 2014–2017 including (a) 71 pen-reared pheasants sampled across seven game bird breeding farms, (b) six previously released pen-reared pheasants captured at two study sites where wild pheasants occurred and (c) 79 wild pheasants captured across six study sites. In both pen-reared and wild pheasants, antibodies were detected against haemorrhagic enteritis virus (HEV), infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT), infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), paramyxovirus type 1 (PMV-1) and Pasteurella multocida (PM). Previously released pen-reared pheasants were seropositive for HEV, ILT, and PM. Generalized linear mixed models accounting for intraclass correlation within groups indicated that pen-reared pheasants were more than twice as likely to test positive for HEV antibodies. Necropsy and ancillary diagnostics were performed in addition to serological testing on 40 pen-reared pheasants sampled from five of the seven farms. Pheasants from three of these farms tested positive by PCR for Siadenovirus, the causative agent of both haemorrhagic enteritis in turkeys and marble spleen disease of pheasants, which are serologically indistinguishable. Following necropsy, owners from the five farms were surveyed regarding husbandry and biosecurity practices. Farms ranged in size from 10,000 to more than 100,000 birds, two farms raised other game bird species on premises, and two farms used some form of vaccination. Biosecurity practices varied by farm, but the largest farm implemented the strictest practices.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/tbed.14068","usgsCitation":"Dwight, I., Coates, P.S., Stoute, S.T., and Pitesky, M.E., 2022, Health surveillance of a potential bridge host: Pathogen exposure risks posed to avian populations augmented with captive-bred pheasants: Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, v. 69, no. 3, p. 1095-1107, https://doi.org/10.1111/tbed.14068.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1095","endPage":"1107","ipdsId":"IP-119580","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":448936,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tbed.14068","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":395209,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sacramento and San Joaquin Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.33349609375,\n 34.88593094075317\n ],\n [\n -118.71826171875,\n 35.191766965947394\n ],\n [\n -118.41064453125,\n 35.871246850027966\n ],\n [\n -119.44335937499999,\n 37.3002752813443\n ],\n [\n -120.80566406250001,\n 39.14710270770074\n ],\n [\n -121.53076171875,\n 40.51379915504413\n ],\n [\n -120.43212890625,\n 41.244772343082076\n ],\n [\n -120.4541015625,\n 42.01665183556825\n ],\n [\n -122.32177734375,\n 42.032974332441405\n ],\n [\n -122.9150390625,\n 41.07935114946899\n ],\n [\n -122.87109375,\n 39.26628442213066\n ],\n [\n -121.88232421875,\n 37.75334401310656\n ],\n [\n -120.73974609374999,\n 36.155617833818525\n ],\n [\n -119.33349609375,\n 34.88593094075317\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"69","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-05-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dwight, Ian 0000-0002-8393-5391 idwight@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8393-5391","contributorId":192077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dwight","given":"Ian","email":"idwight@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":832482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coates, Peter S. 0000-0003-2672-9994 pcoates@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2672-9994","contributorId":3263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coates","given":"Peter","email":"pcoates@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":832483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stoute, Simone T.","contributorId":202770,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stoute","given":"Simone","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":36526,"text":"California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":832484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pitesky, Maurice E.","contributorId":176920,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pitesky","given":"Maurice","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":7214,"text":"University of California, Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":832485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70227893,"text":"70227893 - 2022 - Management foundations for navigating ecological transformation by resisting, accepting, or directing social-ecological change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-02T14:24:42.435166","indexId":"70227893","displayToPublicDate":"2022-02-01T09:58:04","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":997,"text":"BioScience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Management foundations for navigating ecological transformation by resisting, accepting, or directing social-ecological change","docAbstract":"Despite striking global change, management to ensure healthy landscapes and sustained natural resources has tended to set objectives on the basis of the historical range of variability in stationary ecosystems. Many social–ecological systems are moving into novel conditions that can result in ecological transformation. We present four foundations to enable a transition to future-oriented conservation and management that increases capacity to manage change. The foundations are to identify plausible social–ecological trajectories, to apply upstream and deliberate engagement and decision-making with stakeholders, to formulate management pathways to desired futures, and to consider a portfolio approach to manage risk and account for multiple preferences across space and time. 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Creating sustainable, resilient, and livable cities calls for integrative approaches and collaborative practices across temporal and spatial scales. However, practicability is challenged by institutional, social, and technical complexities and the need to build collective understanding of integrated approaches. Rapid urbanization along the United States-Mexico border, fueled by industrialization, trade, and migration, has resulted in cities confronted with recurrent flooding risk, extended drought, water pollution, habitat destruction and systemic vulnerabilities. The international border, which separates natural and built ecosystems, is both a challenge and an opportunity, making a unique social and institutional setting ideal for testing the integration of urban planning and water management. Our research focuses on fusing multi-functional and multi-scalar green infrastructure to restore ecosystem services through a strategic binational planning process. This paper describes this planning process, including the development and application of both a land suitability analysis and a hydrological model to optimally site green infrastructure in the Nogales, Arizona, United States—Nogales, Sonora, Mexico, cross border region. We draw lessons from this process and stakeholder feedback focused on the potential for urban green infrastructure, to allow for adaptation and even transformation in the face of current and future challenges such as limited resources, underdeveloped governance, bordering, and climate change. In sum, a cross border network of green infrastructure can provide a backbone to connect this transboundary watershed while providing both hydrological and social benefits.

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We present results of slow (multiple day) depressurization experiments of pressure cores recovered from Green Canyon Block 955 in the northern Gulf of Mexico during The University of Texas at Austin Hydrate Pressure Coring Expedition (UT-GOM2-1). These stepwise depressurization experiments monitored the pressure and temperature within the core storage chamber during each pressure step, or “shut-in” period to better understand dissociation behavior and to provide insight on the thermodynamic state of gas hydrate reservoirs during production. The pressure rebound that occurs in response to a depressurization step occurs more slowly during later dissociation steps, likely reflecting a slower heat transfer rate, decreasing salinity gradient, and increased compressibility of the pore and surrounding fluids with progressive dissociation. We demonstrate that displacement of water by gas within the core storage chamber during successive dissociations both insulates the core and increases the compressibility of the pore and chamber fluid. The increased compressibility requires that a larger hydrate volume dissociates per unit of pressure recovery. Pressures observed during progressive dissociation steps are lower than predicted by the sample’s average salinity, with pressures approaching the freshwater phase boundary during frequent dissociation steps, suggesting that local pore-water freshening strongly influences dissociation behavior. To avoid underestimating the magnitude of pressure drawdown required to sustain dissociation in the reservoir, we suggest that hydrate production models use the freshwater phase boundary rather than a phase boundary determined from bulk salinity.

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On the Ground

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Floods are the leading cause of natural disaster damages in the United States, with billions of dollars incurred every year in the form of government payouts, property damages, and agricultural losses. The Federal Emergency Management Agency oversees the delineation of floodplains to mitigate damages, but disparities exist between locations designated as high risk and where flood damages occur due to land use and climate changes and incomplete floodplain mapping. We harnessed publicly available geospatial datasets and random forest algorithms to analyze the spatial distribution and underlying drivers of flood damage probability caused by excessive rainfall and overflowing water bodies across the conterminous United States. From this, we produced the first spatially complete map of flood damage probability for the nation, along with spatially explicit standard errors for four selected cities. We trained models using the locations of historical reported flood damage events (n = 71,434) and a suite of geospatial predictors (e.g., flood severity, climate, socio-economic exposure, topographic variables, soil properties, and hydrologic characteristics). We developed independent models for each hydrologic unit code level 2 watershed and generated a flood damage probability for each 100-m pixel. Our model classified damage or no damage with an average area under the curve accuracy of 0.75; however, model performance varied by environmental conditions, with certain land cover classes (e.g., forest) resulting in higher error rates than others (e.g., wetlands). Our results identified flood damage probability hotspots across multiple spatial and regional scales, with high probabilities common in both inland and coastal regions. The highest flood damage probabilities tended to be in areas of low elevation, in close proximity to streams, with extreme precipitation, and with high urban road density. Given rapid environmental changes, our study demonstrates an efficient approach for updating flood damage probability estimates across the nation.

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No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists","usgsCitation":"Birdwell, J.E., 2022, Complexities of the energy transition: AAPG Explorer, no. February 2022, HTML Document.","productDescription":"HTML Document","ipdsId":"IP-136788","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":401536,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":401510,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://explorer.aapg.org/story/articleid/62462/complexities-of-the-energy-transition"}],"issue":"February 2022","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Birdwell, Justin E. 0000-0001-8263-1452 jbirdwell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8263-1452","contributorId":3302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Birdwell","given":"Justin","email":"jbirdwell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":569,"text":"Southwest Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":844019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70229242,"text":"70229242 - 2022 - Action plan for restoration of coral reef coastal protection services: Case study example and workbook","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-03T14:52:52.979222","indexId":"70229242","displayToPublicDate":"2022-02-01T08:44:16","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":8915,"text":"EPA Report","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"EPA/600/R-21/306","title":"Action plan for restoration of coral reef coastal protection services: Case study example and workbook","docAbstract":"

This report was prepared by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), Office of Research and Development, as part of the Air, Climate and Energy (ACE) research program, with support from Tetra Tech, Inc., and in collaboration with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the U.S. Geological Survey, and The Nature Conservancy. The ACE research program provides scientific information and tools to support USEPA’s commitment to clean air, clean water and sustainable natural resources, even as environmental conditions change. A key component of this is the development of sound science to support adaptation. Adaptation involves preparing for and adjusting to the effects of climate change and its interactions with other global and local stressors. Because these effects are diverse, interactive, and difficult to predict, adapting management of natural resources in this context can be very challenging.

Coral reefs—which provide valued ecosystem services such as fisheries, coastal protection, and tourism—are threatened by the effects of increased sea surface temperatures, sea level rise, and intensifying storms. These large-scale stressors are interacting with local stressors such as pollution, overfishing, and recreational misuse to drive ongoing and accelerating declines in coral reef ecosystems. Thus, there is a rising urgency to design and implement climate change adaptation measures that will enable reef resilience in the face of these changes. This includes accounting for, and adjusting to, the combined effects of climate change and local stressors in coral reef protection and restoration efforts.

The action plan, example case study, and workbook found in this report demonstrate a structured process for integrating climate-smart design considerations into restoration planning using A Manager’s Guide to Coral Reef Restoration Planning and Design. The focus is a hypothetical coral reef restoration project that has a goal of recovering nature-based coastal protection services using restoration interventions. The intent is to provide readers with a completed example of how to use the Guide workbook to inform a draft action plan, centering on the topic of coastal protection as a burgeoning area of interest in coral reef science and management communities. The information in this hypothetical case study is not intended for direct use; rather, it provides a starting point for more detailed planning that would occur in specific places. And while a full review of the current literature on reef restoration methods is outside the scope of this report, readers are encouraged to use the examples herein as well as in the Guide as a jumping-off point for exploring the rapidly growing body of information on methods, techniques, successes, failures, monitoring challenges and future directions of coral reef restoration in a changing world. The workbook, together with the action plan, can serve as a valuable record of the planning thought process as well as a living document for adaptive management, to be updated through time as improved information becomes available.

","language":"English","publisher":"Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Courtney, C.A., West, J.M., Storlazzi, C.D., Viehman, T.S., Czaplinski, R., Hague, E., and Shaver, E.C., 2022, Action plan for restoration of coral reef coastal protection services: Case study example and workbook: EPA Report EPA/600/R-21/306, 73 p.","productDescription":"73 p.","ipdsId":"IP-130997","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":396697,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":396695,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://cfpub.epa.gov/si/si_public_file_download.cfm?p_download_id=544353&Lab=CPHEA"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Courtney, Catherine A.","contributorId":287687,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Courtney","given":"Catherine","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":61627,"text":"TetraTech, Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"West, Jordon M.","contributorId":287688,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"West","given":"Jordon","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37230,"text":"EPA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Storlazzi, Curt D. 0000-0001-8057-4490","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8057-4490","contributorId":213610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storlazzi","given":"Curt","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":837026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Viehman, T. Shay","contributorId":259297,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Viehman","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"Shay","affiliations":[{"id":16685,"text":"National Oceanic and Atmopheric Administration","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":837027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Czaplinski, Richard","contributorId":287689,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Czaplinski","given":"Richard","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39152,"text":"TetraTech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hague, Erin","contributorId":287690,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hague","given":"Erin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39152,"text":"TetraTech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Shaver, Elizabeth C.","contributorId":287691,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shaver","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":7041,"text":"The Nature Conservancy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70231875,"text":"70231875 - 2022 - From the president","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-01T13:44:01.459403","indexId":"70231875","displayToPublicDate":"2022-02-01T08:43:24","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":25,"text":"Newsletter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":30,"text":"Newsletter"},"seriesTitle":{"id":10773,"text":"EMD Newsletter","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":30}},"title":"From the president","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists","usgsCitation":"Birdwell, J.E., 2022, From the president: EMD Newsletter, no. February 2022, p. 1-4.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"4","ipdsId":"IP-136789","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":401535,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":401509,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.aapg.org/divisions/emd/newsletter/currentpage/1"}],"issue":"February 2022","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Birdwell, Justin E. 0000-0001-8263-1452 jbirdwell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8263-1452","contributorId":3302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Birdwell","given":"Justin","email":"jbirdwell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":569,"text":"Southwest Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":844018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70227733,"text":"sir20215139 - 2022 - Simulation of groundwater and surface-water resources of the San Antonio Creek Valley watershed, Santa Barbara County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-08T16:30:38.872221","indexId":"sir20215139","displayToPublicDate":"2022-02-01T08:15:45","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2021-5139","displayTitle":"Simulation of Groundwater and Surface-Water Resources of the San Antonio Creek Valley Watershed, Santa Barbara County, California","title":"Simulation of groundwater and surface-water resources of the San Antonio Creek Valley watershed, Santa Barbara County, California","docAbstract":"

In the San Antonio Creek Valley watershed (SACVW), western Santa Barbara County, California, groundwater is the primary source of water for agricultural irrigation, the town of Los Alamos, and supplemental water to Vandenberg Space Force Base (VSFB). Groundwater pumpage has increased since the 1970s as non-irrigated agricultural land has been converted to irrigated land and as local pumping for municipal use has increased. This increase in groundwater use has resulted in declining groundwater levels, adjustments in surface-water flows and species habitats, and changes in water quality. Water managers are addressing the challenges of meeting this increased demand while maintaining sustainable groundwater supplies. To address these challenges, Santa Barbara County Water Agency, Vandenberg Space Force Base (VSFB), and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) undertook a cooperative study to characterize the integrated hydrologic system of the SACVW and develop tools to better understand and manage the groundwater system. The objectives of this study were to improve the understanding of the integrated hydrologic system and incorporate the understanding into an integrated groundwater and surface-water flow model that can be used to help manage the water resources in the SACVW.

The San Antonio Creek integrated model (SACIM) was developed using the USGS coupled groundwater and surface-water flow model to simulate the hydrologic system of the SACVW and provide annual and average water budgets for 1948–2018 water years. Results from the SACIM indicated that between 1948 and 2018, total groundwater from storage (storage depletion) for the period was 453,300 acre-feet (acre-ft). Agricultural pumpage was the largest discharge and accounted for a total of 1,020,000 acre-ft of groundwater. Increased pumpage since the mid-1980s (of which agricultural pumpage is the primary component) is tied to an increased rate of storage depletion and reduced rates of groundwater evapotranspiration and surface leakage (groundwater discharge to the surface and soil zone). The increased pumpage also reduced subsurface inflow to Barka Slough, resulting in a decline in upward flow through the underlying hydrogeologic units and surface leakage. In addition to quantifying historical changes in the integrated hydrologic system, the SACIM is a tool than can be used by water managers to evaluate the effects of different climatic and hydrologic conditions and management strategies.

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Director,
California Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6000 J Street, Placer Hall
Sacramento, California 95819

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