{"pageNumber":"4161","pageRowStart":"104000","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184914,"records":[{"id":70184281,"text":"70184281 - 1993 - Factors influencing depredation of artificial duck nests","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-06T16:36:05","indexId":"70184281","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Factors influencing depredation of artificial duck nests","docAbstract":"<p><span>Because artificial nests can facilitate controlled experiments of nest success, we used them to assess whether human visitation, nest density, vegetation structure, and proximity to habitat edge could affect depredation of duck nests on Yukon Flats National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska. More (P &lt; 0.01) nests in a plot visited daily (100%) were depredated than those in plots visited at intervals of 7 (40%), 14 (35%), or 28 days (45%). More (P &lt; 0.01) nests were depredated in a plot with 10 nests/ha (95%) than nests in a plot of a lower density (2/ha; 40%). Vegetation height, vegetation density, distance to a wetland, distance to forest edge, or distance to the nearest ecotone did not differ (P &gt; 0.05) between depredated and undisturbed nests. We suggest that daily visitation of duck nests increases depredation, but longer intervals, typical of most nest studies, do not. High nesting densities, which could occur when flooding limits nesting habitat, may result in higher depredation rates.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3809420","usgsCitation":"Esler, D., and Grand, J.B., 1993, Factors influencing depredation of artificial duck nests: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 57, no. 2, p. 244-248, https://doi.org/10.2307/3809420.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"244","endPage":"248","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488572,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3809420","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":336897,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":" Yukon Flats National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska","volume":"57","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58be8340e4b014cc3a3a9a25","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Esler, Daniel 0000-0001-5501-4555 desler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5501-4555","contributorId":5465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esler","given":"Daniel","email":"desler@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":12437,"text":"Simon Fraser University, Centre for Wildlife Ecology","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grand, J. Barry 0000-0002-3576-4567 barry_grand@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3576-4567","contributorId":579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grand","given":"J.","email":"barry_grand@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Barry","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70184262,"text":"70184262 - 1993 - Are Bald Eagles important predators of Emperor Geese?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-20T11:32:04","indexId":"70184262","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2442,"text":"Journal of Raptor Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Are Bald Eagles important predators of Emperor Geese?","docAbstract":"<p>Bald Eagles (<i>Haliaeetus leucocephalus</i>) and geese often occur together, especially at sites used by geese for migrational staging and wintering. Although numerous studies have been directed at these taxa, there are only anecdotal accounts (Parris et al. 1980, Bennett and Klaas 1986, Bartley 1988) of Bald Eagles killing healthy geese at any time of the year (but see Raveling and Zezulak 1991). Most species of geese may be too large, as suggested by Shetrod et al. (1976) and Palmer (1988), or they may not regularly allow eagles an advantageous attack position (J.M. Gerrard <i>in litt</i>.).</p><p>Here we report observations of attacks on Emperor Geese (<i>Chen canagica</i>) by Bald Eagles on the Alaska Peninsula in autumn. We discuss these and other observations of eagle-goose interactions <i>vis-a-vis</i> the role of Bald Eagles as predators of Emperor Geese.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Raptor Research Foundation","usgsCitation":"Gill, R., and Kincheloe, K.L., 1993, Are Bald Eagles important predators of Emperor Geese?: Journal of Raptor Research, v. 27, no. 1, p. 34-36.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"34","endPage":"36","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336876,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Alaska Peninsula","volume":"27","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58be8340e4b014cc3a3a9a27","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gill, Robert E. Jr. 0000-0002-6385-4500 rgill@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6385-4500","contributorId":171747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gill","given":"Robert E.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"rgill@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kincheloe, Karen L.","contributorId":179365,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kincheloe","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":96688,"text":"96688 - 1993 - Survival, movements, and habitat use of juvenile and adult female northern pintails in the San Joaquin Valley. Progress Report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:03:51","indexId":"96688","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Survival, movements, and habitat use of juvenile and adult female northern pintails in the San Joaquin Valley. Progress Report","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Fleskes, J., 1993, Survival, movements, and habitat use of juvenile and adult female northern pintails in the San Joaquin Valley. Progress Report.","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126946,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db6880b3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fleskes, J. P.","contributorId":98661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleskes","given":"J. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":300072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1008050,"text":"1008050 - 1993 - Gravel bed rivers: Stability and resource implications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-21T14:49:27","indexId":"1008050","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3791,"text":"Women in Natural Resources","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Gravel bed rivers: Stability and resource implications","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Women in Natural Resources","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Madej, M.A., 1993, Gravel bed rivers: Stability and resource implications: Women in Natural Resources, v. 15, no. 2, p. 43-45.","productDescription":"p. 43-45","startPage":"43","endPage":"45","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132927,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abae4b07f02db6722b2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Madej, Mary Ann 0000-0003-2831-3773 mary_ann_madej@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2831-3773","contributorId":40304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madej","given":"Mary","email":"mary_ann_madej@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Ann","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":316633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1003552,"text":"1003552 - 1993 - Evaluation of invasions and declines of submersed aquatic macrophytes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:48","indexId":"1003552","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2180,"text":"Journal of Aquatic Plant Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of invasions and declines of submersed aquatic macrophytes","docAbstract":"During the past 60 yr, sightings of aquatic macrophyte species in geographic regions where they had previously not been found have occurred with increasing frequency, apparently due to both greater dispersal of the plants as a result of human activities as well as better documentation of plant distribution. Intercontinental invasions, such as Myriophyllum spicatum and Hydrilla into North America, Elodea canadensis into Europe and Elodea nuttallii, Egeria densa and Cabomba caroliniana into Japan, have generally been well documented. However, the spread of an exotic species across a continent after its initial introduction (e.g., Potamogeton crispus in North America) or the expansion of a species native to a continent into hitherto unexploited territory (e.g.,the expansion of the North American native Myriophyllum heterophyllum into New England) have received little attention. Natural declines in aquatic macrophyte communities have also received little scientific study although there are many accounts of macrophyte declines. The best-documented example comes from the marine literature where extensive declines of eelgrass (Zostera) occurred in the 1930s along the Atlantic coast due to a pathogenic marine slime mold (''wasting disease''). The aim of this workshop was to identify examples of invasions or natural declines of aquatic macrophyte species throughout the world and assess the importance of environmental factors in their control. Forty-five scientists and aquatic plant managers from ten countries participated in the workshop. Eleven of the participants contributed written evaluations of species invasions and declines in their geo-graphic region. These were distributed to registered participants prior to the meeting and served as the starting-point of workshop discussions. To address the topics raised in the working papers, the participants divided into four working groups to evaluate: 1. Environmental controls of species invasions. 2. Biotic controls of species declines. 3. Abiotic controls of species declines. 4. Impact of management practices on macrophyte invasions or declines. Each working group was asked to identify existing evidence, the need for additional evidence and management implications of their topics and then requested to discuss their findings with the entire workshop at the conclusion of discussions.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Aquatic Plant Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Aquatic Plant Management Soc, Inc.","publisherLocation":"Clermont, FL","collaboration":"ISI:A1993MU07900049","usgsCitation":"Chambers, P., Barko, J., and Smith, C., 1993, Evaluation of invasions and declines of submersed aquatic macrophytes: Journal of Aquatic Plant Management, v. 31, p. 218-220.","productDescription":"pp. 218-220","startPage":"218","endPage":"220","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133976,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4af2e4b07f02db691964","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chambers, P.A.","contributorId":75888,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chambers","given":"P.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barko, J.W.","contributorId":84705,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barko","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, C.S.","contributorId":93012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1014887,"text":"1014887 - 1993 - Nonselective nature of coomassie brilliant blue agar for the presumptive identification of Aeromonas salmonicida in clinical specimens","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-08T01:46:37.395625","indexId":"1014887","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1396,"text":"Diseases of Aquatic Organisms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nonselective nature of coomassie brilliant blue agar for the presumptive identification of Aeromonas salmonicida in clinical specimens","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research","doi":"10.3354/DAO016239","usgsCitation":"Teska, J., and Cipriano, R.C., 1993, Nonselective nature of coomassie brilliant blue agar for the presumptive identification of Aeromonas salmonicida in clinical specimens: Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, v. 16, no. 3, p. 239-242, https://doi.org/10.3354/DAO016239.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"239","endPage":"242","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":486846,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/dao016239","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":131993,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afde4b07f02db696ead","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Teska, J.D.","contributorId":15961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Teska","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cipriano, R. C.","contributorId":12400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cipriano","given":"R.","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1014579,"text":"1014579 - 1993 - Fish meal and alternate sources of protein fish feeds: update 1993","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:28","indexId":"1014579","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3330,"text":"Salmonid","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fish meal and alternate sources of protein fish feeds: update 1993","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Salmonid","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"94-127/TL","usgsCitation":"Rumsey, G.L., 1993, Fish meal and alternate sources of protein fish feeds: update 1993: Salmonid, v. 17, no. 4, p. 10-14.","productDescription":"p. 10-14","startPage":"10","endPage":"14","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131988,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f3e4b07f02db5ef729","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rumsey, G. L.","contributorId":80604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rumsey","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1008048,"text":"1008048 - 1993 - The Endangered Species Act at twenty: An analytical survey of Federal endangered species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:35","indexId":"1008048","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2830,"text":"Natural Resources Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Endangered Species Act at twenty: An analytical survey of Federal endangered species","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Natural Resources Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Smith, A., Moote, M., and Schwalbe, C., 1993, The Endangered Species Act at twenty: An analytical survey of Federal endangered species: Natural Resources Journal, v. 33, p. 1027-1075.","productDescription":"p. 1027-1075","startPage":"1027","endPage":"1075","numberOfPages":"49","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132842,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c8ba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, A.A.","contributorId":52132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"A.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moote, M.A.","contributorId":74720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moote","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schwalbe, C.R.","contributorId":35259,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schwalbe","given":"C.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1014593,"text":"1014593 - 1993 - Tilapia feed: all vegetable protein feeds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:28","indexId":"1014593","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1628,"text":"Feed Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tilapia feed: all vegetable protein feeds","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Feed Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"93-058/TL","usgsCitation":"Hughes, S.G., and Handworker, T., 1993, Tilapia feed: all vegetable protein feeds: Feed Management, v. 44, no. 5, p. 55-58.","productDescription":"p. 55-58","startPage":"55","endPage":"58","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132242,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a53e4b07f02db62b6f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hughes, S. G.","contributorId":92200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hughes","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Handworker, T.S.","contributorId":12002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Handworker","given":"T.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70018209,"text":"70018209 - 1993 - Boundary assessment under uncertainty: A case study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:27","indexId":"70018209","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2700,"text":"Mathematical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Boundary assessment under uncertainty: A case study","docAbstract":"Estimating certain attributes within a geological body whose exact boundary is not known presents problems because of the lack of information. Estimation may result in values that are inadmissible from a geological point of view, especially with attributes which necessarily must be zero outside the boundary, such as the thickness of the oil column outside a reservoir. A simple but effective way to define the boundary is to use indicator kriging in two steps, the first for the purpose of extrapolating control points outside the body, the second to obtain a weighting function which expresses the uncertainty attached to estimations obtained in the boundary region. ?? 1993 International Association for Mathematical Geology.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mathematical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Kluwer Academic Publishers-Plenum Publishers","doi":"10.1007/BF00893269","issn":"08828121","usgsCitation":"Pawlowsky, V., Olea, R., and Davis, J., 1993, Boundary assessment under uncertainty: A case study: Mathematical Geology, v. 25, no. 2, p. 125-144, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00893269.","startPage":"125","endPage":"144","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227500,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":205927,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00893269"}],"volume":"25","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f247e4b0c8380cd4b0c5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pawlowsky, V.","contributorId":20921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pawlowsky","given":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":378881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Olea, Ricardo A. 0000-0003-4308-0808","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4308-0808","contributorId":26436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olea","given":"Ricardo A.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":378882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Davis, J.C.","contributorId":72121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":378883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70018302,"text":"70018302 - 1993 - Massive sulfide metallogenesis at a late Mesozoic sediment-covered spreading axis: Evidence from the Franciscan complex and contemporary analogues","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-07T21:16:21","indexId":"70018302","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Massive sulfide metallogenesis at a late Mesozoic sediment-covered spreading axis: Evidence from the Franciscan complex and contemporary analogues","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Island Mountain deposit, an anomalous massive sulfide in the Central belt of the Franciscan subduction complex, northern California Coast Ranges, formed during hydrothermal activity in a sediment-dominated paleo-sea-floor environment. Although the base of the massive sulfide is juxtaposed against a 500-m-wide melange band, its gradational upper contact within a coherent sequence of sandstone, siltstone, and mudstone indicates that hydrothermal activity was concurrent with turbidite deposition. Accumulations of sulfide breccia and clastic sulfide were produced by mass wasting of the sulfide mound prior to burial by turbidites. The bulk composition of sulfide samples (pyrrhotite rich; high Cu, As, and Au contents; radiogenic Pb isotope ratios) is consistent with a hydrothermal system dominated by fluid-sediment interaction. On the basis of a comparison with possible contemporary tectonic analogues at the southern Gorda Ridge and the Chile margin triple junction, we propose that massive sulfide mineralization in the Central belt of the Franciscan complex resulted from hydrothermal activity at a late Mesozoic sediment-covered ridge axis prior to collision with the North American plate.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"GSA Publications","doi":"10.1130/0091-7613(1993)021<0137:MSMAAL>2.3.CO;2","issn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"Koski, R.A., Lamons, R.C., Dumoulin, J.A., and Bouse, R.M., 1993, Massive sulfide metallogenesis at a late Mesozoic sediment-covered spreading axis: Evidence from the Franciscan complex and contemporary analogues: Geology, v. 21, no. 2, p. 137-140, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1993)021<0137:MSMAAL>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"137","endPage":"140","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":227415,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -124.85961914062501,\n              38.85682013474361\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.11328124999999,\n              38.85682013474361\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.11328124999999,\n              40.97160353279909\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.85961914062501,\n              40.97160353279909\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.85961914062501,\n              38.85682013474361\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"21","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5266e4b0c8380cd6c3b4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Koski, Randolph A. rkoski@usgs.gov","contributorId":2949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koski","given":"Randolph","email":"rkoski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":379163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lamons, Roberta C.","contributorId":37485,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lamons","given":"Roberta","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":6626,"text":"University of Minnesota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":379165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dumoulin, Julie A. 0000-0003-1754-1287 dumoulin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1754-1287","contributorId":203209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dumoulin","given":"Julie","email":"dumoulin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":379166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bouse, Robin M.","contributorId":27076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bouse","given":"Robin","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70017493,"text":"70017493 - 1993 - Reply to comment by WI Rose","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:57","indexId":"70017493","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1109,"text":"Bulletin of Volcanology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reply to comment by WI Rose","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of Volcanology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF00301149","issn":"02588900","usgsCitation":"Fierstein, J., and Nathenson, M., 1993, Reply to comment by WI Rose: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 55, no. 5, p. 375-378, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00301149.","startPage":"375","endPage":"378","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":229025,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":206177,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00301149"}],"volume":"55","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa769e4b0c8380cd853d7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fierstein, J.","contributorId":67666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fierstein","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":376648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nathenson, M.","contributorId":46632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nathenson","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":376647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70018384,"text":"70018384 - 1993 - Breakpoint-forced and bound long waves in the nearshore: A model comparison","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:24","indexId":"70018384","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Breakpoint-forced and bound long waves in the nearshore: A model comparison","docAbstract":"A finite-difference model is used to compare long wave amplitudes arising from two-group forced generation mechanisms in the nearshore: long waves generated at a time-varying breakpoint and the shallow-water extension of the bound long wave. Plane beach results demonstrate that the strong frequency selection in the outgoing wave predicted by the breakpoint-forcing mechanism may not be observable in field data due to this wave's relatively small size and its predicted phase relation with the bound wave. Over a bar/trough nearshore, it is shown that a strong frequency selection in shoreline amplitudes is not a unique result of the time-varying breakpoint model, but a general result of the interaction between topography and any broad-banded forcing of nearshore long waves.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Coastal Engineering Conference","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Coastal Engineering","conferenceDate":"4 October 1992 through 9 October 1992","conferenceLocation":"Venice, Italy","language":"English","publisher":"Publ by ASCE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, United States","issn":"08938717","isbn":"0872629333","usgsCitation":"List, J., 1993, Breakpoint-forced and bound long waves in the nearshore: A model comparison, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the Coastal Engineering Conference, v. 1, Venice, Italy, 4 October 1992 through 9 October 1992, p. 860-867.","startPage":"860","endPage":"867","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227293,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f253e4b0c8380cd4b104","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Anon","contributorId":128316,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Anon","id":536425,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"List, Jeffrey H. jlist@usgs.gov","contributorId":2416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"List","given":"Jeffrey H.","email":"jlist@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":379392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70017443,"text":"70017443 - 1993 - Analysis of flow in an observation well intersecting a single fracture","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-06T06:46:42","indexId":"70017443","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Analysis of flow in an observation well intersecting a single fracture","docAbstract":"<p>A semi-analytical model is developed to determine transmissivity and storativity from the interpretation of transient flow in an observation well due to pumping in a source well where the two wells are connected by a single fracture. Flow rate can be determined using a heat-pulse flowmeter located above the intersection of the fracture in the observation well. The results of a field experiment were interpreted using the new model and compared with drawdown data from the same test. Good agreement between the transmissivity estimates was observed whereas estimates of storativity were found to be better determined from the analysis of flow rate.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0022-1694(93)90237-4","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Lapcevic, P., Novakowski, K., and Paillet, F.L., 1993, Analysis of flow in an observation well intersecting a single fracture: Journal of Hydrology, v. 151, no. 2-4, p. 229-239, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(93)90237-4.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"229","endPage":"239","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":228976,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"151","issue":"2-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eb14e4b0c8380cd48bdf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lapcevic, P.A.","contributorId":24508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lapcevic","given":"P.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":376472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Novakowski, K.S.","contributorId":96851,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Novakowski","given":"K.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":376474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Paillet, Frederick L.","contributorId":63820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paillet","given":"Frederick","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":376473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70017871,"text":"70017871 - 1993 - Geology and genesis of the Baid Al Jimalah tungsten deposit, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-03T17:32:36.928564","indexId":"70017871","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geology and genesis of the Baid Al Jimalah tungsten deposit, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Baid al Jimalah tungsten deposit in Saudi Arabia (lat 25 degrees 09'N, long 42 degrees 41'E) consists predominantly of swarms of steeply dipping, subparallel, tungsten-bearing quartz veins and of less abundant, smaller stockwork veins. It is spatially, temporally, and genetically associated with a 569 Ma, highly differentiated, porphyritic, two-feldspar granite that intrudes Late Proterozoic immature sandstones.Paragenetic data from crosscutting veins demonstrate unambiguously a single cycle of magma intrusion and hydrothermal mineralization. Hypogene mineralization can be divided into three periods: (1) early quartz-molybdenite stockwork veining, (2) wolframite- and scheelite-bearing, greisen-bordered veining, and (3) late, quartz-carbonate-fluorite veining. The first two of these three periods can be further divided into several stages that are transitional to each other. The greisen-bordered veins, in particular, show replacement of earlier mineral assemblages by later ones. Precious and base metal veins at Baid al Jimalah East, approximately 1.5 km east of the Baid al Jimalah tungsten deposit, are genetically related to the tungsten deposit and probably formed contemporaneously with the greisenized tungsten-bearing veins.Fluid inclusion and oxygen isotope data indicate that the Baid al Jimalah deposit formed over a temperature range of 120 degrees to 550 degrees C, from low salinity magmatic and metamorphic fluids, and at a depth of about 4.2 km. Early stockwork veins (period 1) formed at low magmatic temperatures (ca. 550 degrees C) from magma-derived (delta&nbsp;</span><sup>18</sup><span>&nbsp;O = 9.6-9.7ppm), low-salinity (1-2 wt % NaCl equiv) fluid. This hydrothermal fluid was generally low density and CO&nbsp;</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;rich. All other veins were formed from regionally derived fluid in equilibrium with metamorphic rocks (delta&nbsp;</span><sup>18</sup><span>&nbsp;O = 7.9 + or - 1.0ppm at the site of deposition). This fluid probably scavenged most of the period 2 ore-mineral components from a postulated granite batholith whose existence is indicated by a 6-mGal gravity low centered on the deposit. The greisen-bordered tungsten veins (period 2) formed from fluids in the liquid state at temperatures mostly between 380 degrees and 440 degrees C with salinities between 4.5 and 10.9 wt percent NaCl equiv. Late, barren veins (period 3) formed from liquids with salinities between 0.0 and 3.5 wt percent NaCl equiv at temperatures as low as 120 degrees C. The veins at Baid al Jimalah East formed from liquids with salinities between 0 and 4.2 wt percent NaCl equiv at temperatures mostly between about 340 degrees and 390 degrees C. Important volatile constituents in some hydrothermal fluids were CO&nbsp;</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;and CH&nbsp;</span><sub>4</sub><span>&nbsp;, in addition to H&nbsp;</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;O and HF. The delta&nbsp;</span><sup>18</sup><span>&nbsp;O data on mineral separates of fresh and altered Bald al Jimalah granite, and whole-rock delta&nbsp;</span><sup>18</sup><span>&nbsp;O data on country-rock samples as far as 16 km from the deposit, indicate that the rocks in the Bald al Jimalah area were pervasively infiltrated by a fluid with relatively high delta&nbsp;</span><sup>18</sup><span>&nbsp;O values. Interaction and exchange of the country rocks with this delta&nbsp;</span><sup>18</sup><span>&nbsp;O fluid led to an increase in the delta&nbsp;</span><sup>18</sup><span>&nbsp;O values of volcanic rocks of the Jurdhawiyah Group but to a decrease in the delta&nbsp;</span><sup>18</sup><span>&nbsp;O values of the high value delta&nbsp;</span><sup>18</sup><span>&nbsp;O Murdama Group sandstones, resulting in a hydrothermal anomaly exceeding 100 km&nbsp;</span><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;in area. This fluid had an estimated delta&nbsp;</span><sup>18</sup><span>&nbsp;O value of about 6 to 8 per mil, essentially identical to that of the metamorphic water calculated from the vein quartz, thus strongly supporting the conclusion that all of the mineral deposits at Baid al Jimalah (except for the early-stage quartz-molybdenite veins), as well as the 12-km&nbsp;</span><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;geochemical anomaly surrounding the deposit, were from the same metamorphic fluid.Bald al Jimalah is similar in character and origin to Phanerozoic tungsten-tin greisen deposits throughout the world, especially the Hemerdon deposit in Devon, England. It is also analogous to Climax-type molybdenum deposits, which contain virtually identical mineral assemblages, but with the relative proportions of molybdenum and tungsten mineralization reversed, primarily owing to differences in oxygen fugacity. This similarity in mineralization styles and fluid histories indicates that metallogenic processes in granite-related deposits in the late Precambrian were similar to those seen in the Phanerozoic.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.88.7.1743","issn":"03610128","usgsCitation":"Kamilli, R., Cole, J.C., Elliott, J.E., and Criss, R., 1993, Geology and genesis of the Baid Al Jimalah tungsten deposit, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: Economic Geology, v. 88, no. 7, p. 1743-1767, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.88.7.1743.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"1743","endPage":"1767","numberOfPages":"25","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":228632,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"88","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1993-11-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a22d6e4b0c8380cd57399","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kamilli, R.J.","contributorId":75550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kamilli","given":"R.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cole, J. C.","contributorId":51292,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cole","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Elliott, J. E.","contributorId":19914,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Criss, R.E.","contributorId":10075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Criss","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":1014926,"text":"1014926 - 1993 - Determining the prevalence of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus in asymptomatic brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis: A study of clinical samples and processing methods","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-08T01:47:17.872506","indexId":"1014926","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1396,"text":"Diseases of Aquatic Organisms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determining the prevalence of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus in asymptomatic brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis: A study of clinical samples and processing methods","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research","doi":"10.3354/DAO015157","usgsCitation":"McAllister, P.E., Schill, W.B., Owens, W.J., and Hodge, D.L., 1993, Determining the prevalence of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus in asymptomatic brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis: A study of clinical samples and processing methods: Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, v. 15, no. 3, p. 157-162, https://doi.org/10.3354/DAO015157.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"157","endPage":"162","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":486830,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/dao015157","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":130915,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db6673ec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McAllister, P. E.","contributorId":71913,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McAllister","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schill, W. B.","contributorId":60146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schill","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Owens, W. J.","contributorId":15968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Owens","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hodge, D. L.","contributorId":20286,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hodge","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70017867,"text":"70017867 - 1993 - Sand boils without earthquakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-22T13:12:51.456906","indexId":"70017867","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sand boils without earthquakes","docAbstract":"<div id=\"15574780\" class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \" data-section-parent-id=\"0\"><p>Sedimentary deformation caused by liquefaction has become a popular means for inferring prehistoric strong earthquakes. In this report, we describe a new mechanism for generating such features in the absence of earthquakes. Sand boils and a 180-m-long sand dike formed in Fremont Valley, California, when sediment-laden surface runoff was intercepted along the upslope part of a 500-m-long preexisting ground crack, flowed subhorizonally in the crack, and then flowed upward in the downslope part of the crack where it discharged as sand boils on the land surface. If the sand boils and their feeder dike were stratigraphically preserved, they could be misinterpreted as evidence for earthquake-induced liquefaction.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0091-7613(1993)021<0873:SBWE>2.3.CO;2","issn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"Holzer, T., and Clark, M.M., 1993, Sand boils without earthquakes: Geology, v. 21, no. 10, p. 873-876, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1993)021<0873:SBWE>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"873","endPage":"876","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":228585,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b868fe4b08c986b315ff4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holzer, T.L.","contributorId":35739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holzer","given":"T.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clark, M. M.","contributorId":41877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":377794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70017491,"text":"70017491 - 1993 - The analysis of forms of sulfur in ancient sediments and sedimentary rocks: comments and cautions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-20T18:47:59","indexId":"70017491","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The analysis of forms of sulfur in ancient sediments and sedimentary rocks: comments and cautions","docAbstract":"Assumptions commonly made during analysis of the amount of monosulfides [acid-volatile sulfides (AVS)] and disulfides in modern sediments, may not be valid for ancient sedimentary rocks. It is known that ferric iron can oxidize H2S during AVS analysis unless a reducing agent such as stannous chloride is added to the treatment. In addition, some monosulfides such as greigite and pyrrhotite require heat during the AVS analysis in order to dissolve completely. However, the use of heat and/or stannous chloride in the AVS treatment may partially dissolve disulfides and it is generally recommended that stannous chloride not be used in the AVS treatment for modern sediments. Most of the monosulfides are assumed to be recovered as AVS without the addition of stannous chloride. This study investigates the recovery of monosulfides during sulfur speciation analysis with application to ancient sedimentary rocks. Sulfur in samples containing naturally occurring greigite and mackinawite or pyrite was measured using variations of a common sulfur-speciation scheme. The sulfur-speciation scheme analyzes for monosulfide sulfur, disulfide sulfur, elemental sulfur, inorganic sulfate and organically bound sulfur. The effects of heat, stannous chloride and ferric iron on the amounts of acid-volatile sulfide and disulfide recovered during treatment for AVS were investigated. Isotopic compositions of the recovered sulfur species along with yields from an extended sulfur-speciation scheme were used to quantify the effects. Hot 6 N HCl AVS treatment recovers > 60% of the monosulfides as AVS in samples containing pure greigite and mackinawite. The remaining monosulfide sulfur is recovered in a subsequent elemental sulfur extraction. Hot 6 N HCl plus stannous chloride recovers 100% of the monosulfides as AVS. The addition of ferric iron to pure greigite and mackinawite samples during AVS treatment without stannous chloride decreased the amount of monosulfides recovered as AVS and, if present in great enough concentration, oxidized some of the AVS to a form not recovered in later treatments. The hot stannous chloride AVS treatments dissolve <5% of well-crystallized pyrite in this study. The amount of pyrite dissolved depends on grain size and crystallinity. Greigite in ancient sedimentary rocks was quantitatively recovered as AVS only with hot 6 N HCl plus stannous chloride. Hot 6 N HCl AVS treatment of these rocks did not detect any monosulfides in most samples. A subsequent elemental sulfur extraction did not completely recover the oxidized monosulfides. Therefore, the use of stannous chloride plus heat is recommended in the AVS treatment of ancient sedimentary rocks if monosulfides are present and of interest. All assumptions about the amount of monosulfides and disulfides recovered with the sulfur-speciation scheme used should be verified by extended sulfur-speciation and/or isotopic analysis of the species recovered. ?? 1993.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0009-2541(93)90103-P","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Rice, C.A., Tuttle, M.L., and Reynolds, R.L., 1993, The analysis of forms of sulfur in ancient sediments and sedimentary rocks: comments and cautions: Chemical Geology, v. 107, no. 1-2, p. 83-95, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(93)90103-P.","startPage":"83","endPage":"95","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":266060,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(93)90103-P"},{"id":229023,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"107","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba9bae4b08c986b32247f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rice, C. A.","contributorId":106116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rice","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":376642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tuttle, M. L.","contributorId":71992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tuttle","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":376640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reynolds, R. L. 0000-0002-4572-2942","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4572-2942","contributorId":79885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"R.","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":376641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70017489,"text":"70017489 - 1993 - Mercury, arsenic, antimony, and selenium contents of sediment from the Kuskokwim River, Bethel, Alaska, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:57","indexId":"70017489","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1539,"text":"Environmental Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mercury, arsenic, antimony, and selenium contents of sediment from the Kuskokwim River, Bethel, Alaska, USA","docAbstract":"The Kuskokwim River at Bethel, Alaska, drains a major mercury-antimony metallogenic province in its upper reaches and tributaries. Bethel (population 4000) is situated on the Kuskokwim floodplain and also draws its water supply from wells located in river-deposited sediment. A boring through overbank and floodplain sediment has provided material to establish a baseline datum for sediment-hosted heavy metals. Mercury (total), arsenic, antimony, and selenium contents were determined; aluminum was also determined and used as normalizing factor. The contents of the heavy metals were relatively constant with depth and do not reflect any potential enrichment from upstream contaminant sources. ?? 1993 Springer-Verlag.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF00789322","issn":"01775146","usgsCitation":"Belkin, H., and Sparck, H., 1993, Mercury, arsenic, antimony, and selenium contents of sediment from the Kuskokwim River, Bethel, Alaska, USA: Environmental Geology, v. 22, no. 2, p. 106-110, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00789322.","startPage":"106","endPage":"110","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":206172,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00789322"},{"id":228978,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5435e4b0c8380cd6cef4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Belkin, H. E. 0000-0001-7879-6529","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7879-6529","contributorId":38160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belkin","given":"H. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":376635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sparck, H.M.","contributorId":43518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sparck","given":"H.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":376636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70018242,"text":"70018242 - 1993 - Lunar ferroan anorthosites: mineralogy, compositional variations, and petrogenesis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-26T00:01:25.342368","indexId":"70018242","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2312,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lunar ferroan anorthosites: mineralogy, compositional variations, and petrogenesis","docAbstract":"<div class=\" metis-abstract\"><div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>Detailed petrologic study of a suite of lunar ferroan anorthosites indicates that their mineral compositional variations are generally consistent with derivation of these anorthosites from a common parent magma. There are continuous compositional variations in major elements and smooth trends in minor elements (Mg, Fe in plagioclase; Al, Ti, Cr in pyroxene). Relict textures, zoning, and possible primary trends of mineral compositional variations are preserved in many of the anorthosites. The presence of heterogeneous, bimodal, and/or trimodal pyroxene compositions suggests that some of the anorthosites are polymict rocks; however, they are composed entirely of ferroan-anorthosite-suite lithologies. Some aspects of the mineral composition data suggest that complex processes operated during formation of the ferroan anorthosites. The lack of a well-defined, positive or negative trend of pyroxene Mg/(Mg + Fe) versus plagioclase anorthite content, the homogenization of mineral compositions in some anorthosites, and the varied and apparently enriched Mn contents of pyroxenes in some anorthosites suggest that original igneous compositional characteristics have been altered during and/or after crystallization. Processes operative during anorthosite formation may have included some mixing of different melts, trapping of variable amounts of intercumulus liquid, postcrystallization redistribution of elements, or perturbations both during adcumulus growth and subsequent to crystallization by impact events. FeO and MgO contents of the highly calcic plagioclase typical of these anorthosites suggest that the plagioclase-melt distribution coefficients for these elements need to be reassessed.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/93JE00400","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"McGee, J.J., 1993, Lunar ferroan anorthosites: mineralogy, compositional variations, and petrogenesis: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 98, no. E5, p. 9089-9105, https://doi.org/10.1029/93JE00400.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"9089","endPage":"9105","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227281,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"98","issue":"E5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4a8ee4b0c8380cd68e72","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGee, J. J.","contributorId":92271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGee","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":378980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70017386,"text":"70017386 - 1993 - Coal resources of the Sonda coal field, Sindh Province, Pakistan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-22T00:37:48.826197","indexId":"70017386","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Coal resources of the Sonda coal field, Sindh Province, Pakistan","docAbstract":"<div id=\"preview-section-abstract\"><div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif text-s\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-id4\" class=\"abstract author\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id5\"><p>Approximately 4.7 billion t of original coal resources, ranging from lignite A to subbituminous C in rank, are estimated to be present in the Sonda coal field. These resources occur in 10 coal zones in the Bara Formation of Paleocene age. The Bara Formation does not out crop in the area covered by this report. Thin discontinuous coal beds also occur in the Sonhari Member of the Laki Formation, of Paleocene and Eocene age, but they are unimportant as a resource of the Sonda coal field.</p><p>The coal resource assessment was based on 56 exploratory drill holes that were completed in the Sonda field between April 1986 and February 1988. The Sonda coal field is split into two, roughly equal, areas by the southwestward flowing Indus River, a major barrier to the logistics of communications between the two halves. As a result the two halves, called the Sonda East and Sonda West areas, were evaluated at different times by slightlydifferent techniques; but, because the geology is consistent between the two areas, the results of both evaluations have been summarized in this report. The resource estimates for the Sonda East area, approximately 1,700 million t, were based on the thickest coal bed in each zone at each drill hole. This method gives a conservative estimate of the total amount of coal in the Sonda East area. The resource estimates for the Sonda West area, approximately 3,000 million t, were based on cumulative coal bed thicknesses within each coal zone, resulting in a more liberal estimate. In both cases, minimum parameters for qualifying coal were a thickness of 30 cm or greater and no more than 50% ash; partings thicker than 1 cm were excluded. The three most important coal zones in the Sonda field are the Inayatabad, the Middle Sonda and the Lower Sonda. Together, these three coal zones contain 50% of the total resources. Isopachs were constructed for the thickest coal beds in these three coal zones and indicate large variations in thickness over relatively small distances. Coal beds in the Sonda coal field were difficult to correlate because of poor core recovery in some intervals and abrupt lateral thinning and thickening. Most coal zones are separated by 5–10 m of interburden, although in some places the interburden between zones is over 100 m thick. More closely spaced drill holes should clarify and significantly improve coal zone correlations in the Bara Formation.</p><p>Coal resources in the Sonda coal field were calculated for three reliability categories; measured, indicated, and inferred. The most reliable estimates are those for the measured category. Measured coal resources are approximately 91 million t, or about 2% of the total resource; indicated resources are 681 million t, or about 14% of the total; and inferred resources, the least reliable resource category, are 3,931 million t, or 84% of the total resources. The distribution of resources by reliability category is due to the relatively wide spacing (approximately 5 km) between core holes.</p><p>Analyses of 90 coal samples, on an as-received basis, indicate average ash and sulfur contents of 13.7% and 3.6%, respectively, and a range in rank from lignite A to subbituminous C. Calorific values for these samples range from 6,000 to 8,000 Btu/lb (1 Btu = 1055J; 1 lb = 4536 kg).</p></div></div></div></div><div id=\"preview-section-references\"><br></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0166-5162(93)90047-E","issn":"01665162","usgsCitation":"Thomas, R.E., Riaz, K.M., and Ahmed, K.S., 1993, Coal resources of the Sonda coal field, Sindh Province, Pakistan: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 23, no. 1-4, p. 159-191, https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-5162(93)90047-E.","productDescription":"33 p.","startPage":"159","endPage":"191","numberOfPages":"33","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":228793,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f74ee4b0c8380cd4caaa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thomas, R. E.","contributorId":104489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":376299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Riaz, Khan M.","contributorId":49541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riaz","given":"Khan","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":376297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ahmed, Khan S.","contributorId":73360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ahmed","given":"Khan","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":376298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70018250,"text":"70018250 - 1993 - Preliminary studies of the CHIM electrogeochemical method at the Kokomo Mine, Russell Gulch, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-16T00:26:38.376853","indexId":"70018250","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2302,"text":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Preliminary studies of the CHIM electrogeochemical method at the Kokomo Mine, Russell Gulch, Colorado","docAbstract":"<div id=\"preview-section-abstract\"><div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif text-s\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-id4\" class=\"abstract author\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id5\"><p>The CHIM electrogeochemical exploration technique was developed in the former Soviet Union about 20 years ago and is claimed to be effective in exploration for concealed mineral deposits that are not detectable by other geochemical or geophysical techniques. The method involves providing a high-voltage direct current to an anode and an array of special collector cathodes. Cations mobile in the electric field are collected at the cathodes and their concentrations determined. The U.S. Geological Survey started a study of the CHIM method by conducting tests over a precious- and base-metal-bearing quartz vein covered with 3 m of colluvial soil and weathered bedrock near the Kokomo Mine, Colorado.</p><p>The tests show that the CHIM method gives better definition of the vein than conventional soil geochemistry based on a total-dissolution technique. The CHIM technique gives reproducible geochemical anomaly patterns, but the absolute concentrations depend on local site variability as well as temporal variations. Weak partial dissolutions of soils at the Kokomo Mine by an enzyme leach, a dilute acetic acid leach, and a dilute hydrochloric acid leach show results comparable to those from the CHIM method. This supports the idea that the CHIM technique is essentially a weak in-situ partial extraction involving only ions able to move in a weak electric field.</p></div></div></div></div><div id=\"preview-section-introduction\"><br></div><div id=\"preview-section-snippets\"><br></div><div id=\"preview-section-references\"><br></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0375-6742(93)90025-H","issn":"03756742","usgsCitation":"Smith, D.B., Hoover, D., and Sanzolone, R.F., 1993, Preliminary studies of the CHIM electrogeochemical method at the Kokomo Mine, Russell Gulch, Colorado: Journal of Geochemical Exploration, v. 46, no. 3, p. 257-278, https://doi.org/10.1016/0375-6742(93)90025-H.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"257","endPage":"278","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227373,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"46","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8aafe4b0c8380cd7e0cd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, D. B. davidsmith@usgs.gov","contributorId":12840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"D.","email":"davidsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hoover, D.B.","contributorId":37734,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoover","given":"D.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sanzolone, R. F.","contributorId":64199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanzolone","given":"R.","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":379008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70017685,"text":"70017685 - 1993 - Diffusional limits to the consumption of atmospheric methane by soils","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-30T20:52:09","indexId":"70017685","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Diffusional limits to the consumption of atmospheric methane by soils","docAbstract":"Net transport of atmospheric gases into and out of soil systems is primarily controlled by diffusion along gas partial pressure gradients. Gas fluxes between soil and the atmosphere can therefore be estimated by a generalization of the equation for ordinary gaseous diffusion in porous unsaturated media. Consumption of CH4 by methylotrophic bacteria in the top several centimeters of soil causes the uptake of atmospheric CH4 by aerated soils. The capacity of the methylotrophs to consume CH4 commonly exceeds the potential of CH4 to diffuse from the atmosphere to the consumers. The maximum rate of uptake of atmospheric CH4 by soil is, therefore, limited by diffusion and can be calculated from soil physical properties and the CH4 concentration gradient. The CH4 concentration versus depth profile is theoretically described by the equation for gaseous diffusion with homogeneous chemical reaction in porous unsaturated media. This allows for calculation of the in situ rate of CH4 consumption within specified depth intervals.","largerWorkTitle":"Chemosphere","language":"English","issn":"00456535","usgsCitation":"Striegl, R.G., 1993, Diffusional limits to the consumption of atmospheric methane by soils, <i>in</i> Chemosphere, v. 26, no. 1-4, p. 715-720.","startPage":"715","endPage":"720","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":228811,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0111e4b0c8380cd4faae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Striegl, Robert G. 0000-0002-8251-4659 rstriegl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8251-4659","contributorId":1630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Striegl","given":"Robert","email":"rstriegl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":377263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70017471,"text":"70017471 - 1993 - New geothermal database for Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:58","indexId":"70017471","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"New geothermal database for Utah","docAbstract":"The Utah Geological Survey complied a preliminary database consisting of over 800 records on thermal wells and springs in Utah with temperatures of 20??C or greater. Each record consists of 35 fields, including location of the well or spring, temperature, depth, flow-rate, and chemical analyses of water samples. Developed for applications on personal computers, the database will be useful for geochemical, statistical, and other geothermal related studies. A preliminary map of thermal wells and springs in Utah, which accompanies the database, could eventually incorporate heat-flow information, bottom-hole temperatures from oil and gas wells, traces of Quaternary faults, and locations of young volcanic centers.","largerWorkTitle":"Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the 1993 Annual Meeting on Utilities and Geothermal: An Emerging Partnership","conferenceDate":"10 October 1993 through 13 October 1993","conferenceLocation":"Burlingame, CA, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Publ by Geothermal Resources Council","publisherLocation":"Davis, CA, United States","issn":"01935933","isbn":"0934412715","usgsCitation":"Blackett, R.E., 1993, New geothermal database for Utah, <i>in</i> Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council, v. 17, Burlingame, CA, USA, 10 October 1993 through 13 October 1993, p. 91-96.","startPage":"91","endPage":"96","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":228658,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a658be4b0c8380cd72c0d","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Anon","contributorId":128316,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Anon","id":536367,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Blackett, Robert E.","contributorId":83674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blackett","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":376581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1014672,"text":"1014672 - 1993 - Assay to evaluate the reaction kinetics of Chondroitin AC lynase produced by Cytophaga columnaris","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-22T12:07:42.61286","indexId":"1014672","displayToPublicDate":"1993-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1993","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2177,"text":"Journal of Aquatic Animal Health","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assay to evaluate the reaction kinetics of Chondroitin AC lynase produced by Cytophaga columnaris","docAbstract":"<div class=\"\"><div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>The development of an assay to quantitate chondroitin AC lyase activity of<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Cytophaga columnaris</i><span>&nbsp;</span>isolates is described. Assay conditions were defined by using<span>&nbsp;</span><i>C. columnaris</i><span>&nbsp;</span>originally isolated from channel catfish<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Ictalurus punctatus</i>, coho salmon<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Oncorhynchus kisutch</i>, goldfish<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Carassius auratus</i>, and striped bass<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Morone saxatilis</i><span>&nbsp;</span>affected with clinical columnaris disease. Supernatant and cellular components of broth cultures exhibited strong activity, and rates of chondroitin sulfate degradation ranged from 20.0 to 81.4 μg/(mL.h) for the cell component and from 35.4 to 83.4 μg/(mL.h) for the supernatant. Degradation rates were calculated by simple linear regression analysis, and most correlations ranged from −0.90 to −1.00. The assay provided results within 2–3 h, and the enzyme is active under a wide range of pH (5–9) and temperature (10–50°C) conditions. The assay can be used as a simple diagnostic aid to differentiate<span>&nbsp;</span><i>C. columnaris</i><span>&nbsp;</span>from<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Cytophaga psychrophila</i>, but more importantly, as a quantitative tool to explore any relationship between specific chondroitin lyase activity and columnaris disease.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1577/1548-8667(1993)005<0259:ATETRK>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Teska, J., 1993, Assay to evaluate the reaction kinetics of Chondroitin AC lynase produced by Cytophaga columnaris: Journal of Aquatic Animal Health, v. 5, p. 259-264, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8667(1993)005<0259:ATETRK>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"259","endPage":"264","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129993,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db672afd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Teska, J.D.","contributorId":15961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Teska","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
]}