To conduct telemetry studies of wintering canvasbacks (Aythya valisineria) on Chesapeake Bay [Maryland, USA], we needed to devise a suitable method of radio transmitter attachment. We describe as aseptic, intraabdominal surgical technique, using the inhalation anesthetic isoflurane, to implant 20-g radio transmitters in free-ranging canvasbacks. We evaluated the technique over 3 winters (1987-89), when an annual average of 83 female canvasbacks received implant surgery during a 9-day period in mid-December. Of 253 ducks, 248 (98%) were implanted successfully, and 200 (80.65) completed the 70-day study until early March. No mortality or abnormal behavior from surgery was identified post-release.
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As surface runoff increases, less rainfall will infiltrate into the ground and groundwater discharge to the coast will decrease. The link between sea level rise and runoff is critically dependent on the sensitivity of surface runoff to changes in the elevation of the watertable. A significant relation between the two is demonstrated for a coastal watershed on Cape Cod, where it is estimated that a 10 cm rise in the watertable will increase surface runoff by 70% and decrease groundwater discharge by 20%. 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Jr. 0000-0001-7032-7023","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7032-7023","contributorId":24055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Connell","given":"A.F.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harrison, D.J.","contributorId":82022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harrison","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Connery, B.","contributorId":53063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Connery","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Anderson, K.A.","contributorId":36257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":5223759,"text":"5223759 - 1992 - Podocnemis vogli M?ller, 1935: Llanos side-necked turtle","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:37","indexId":"5223759","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:06","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1196,"text":"Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Podocnemis vogli M?ller, 1935: Llanos side-necked turtle","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Gotte, S., 1992, Podocnemis vogli M?ller, 1935: Llanos side-necked turtle: Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles, v. 537, p. 1-2.","productDescription":"1-2","startPage":"1","endPage":"2","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199824,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"537","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c62a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gotte, S.W.","contributorId":69096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gotte","given":"S.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5222918,"text":"5222918 - 1992 - Water depth predicts redhead distribution in the lower Laguna Madre, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-02T17:16:07","indexId":"5222918","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:06","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Water depth predicts redhead distribution in the lower Laguna Madre, Texas","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Mitchell, C.A., 1992, Water depth predicts redhead distribution in the lower Laguna Madre, Texas: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 20, no. 4, p. 420-424.","productDescription":"420-424","startPage":"420","endPage":"424","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197393,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":16401,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/3783062","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"20","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5fa21f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mitchell, C. 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","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.2307/1382212","usgsCitation":"Nelson, M., and Mech, L., 1992, Dispersal in female white-tailed deer: Journal of Mammalogy, v. 73, no. 4, p. 891-894, https://doi.org/10.2307/1382212.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"891","endPage":"894","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199599,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"73","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a337","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, M.E.","contributorId":102021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mech, L.D. 0000-0003-3944-7769","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":75466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mech","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5222881,"text":"5222881 - 1992 - The common grackle in Arizona: first specimen record and notes on occurrence","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:37","indexId":"5222881","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:06","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3743,"text":"Western Birds","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The common grackle in Arizona: first specimen record and notes on occurrence","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Western Birds","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"LaRue, C., and Ellis, D.H., 1992, The common grackle in Arizona: first specimen record and notes on occurrence: Western Birds, v. 23, no. 2, p. 84-86.","productDescription":"84-86","startPage":"84","endPage":"86","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199597,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":16392,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://elibrary.unm.edu/sora/wb/v23n02/p0084-p0086.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"volume":"23","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaae4b07f02db668aa7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"LaRue, C.T.","contributorId":88449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaRue","given":"C.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ellis, D. 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","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.2307/1311650","usgsCitation":"Nichols, J., 1992, Capture-recapture models: Using marked animals to study population dynamics: BioScience, v. 42, no. 2, p. 94-102, https://doi.org/10.2307/1311650.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"94","endPage":"102","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479559,"rank":2,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1311650","text":"External Repository"},{"id":197157,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"42","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fde4b07f02db5f5f54","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5222687,"text":"5222687 - 1992 - Body condition, food habits, and molt status of late-wintering ruddy ducks in California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:44","indexId":"5222687","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:06","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3451,"text":"Southwestern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Body condition, food habits, and molt status of late-wintering ruddy ducks in California","docAbstract":"We studied body condition, food habits, and molt status of late-wintering ruddy ducks (Oxyura jamaicensis) using drainwater evaporation ponds in the southern San Joaquin Valley, California. Levels of body fat and protein were similar by sex but varied by age (adults greater than immatures). Masses of breast and leg muscle protein were greatest in adult males and lowest in immature males, but similar in adult and immature females. Fat and protein levels in late-wintering ruddy ducks were independent of their body size. We detected no differences among sex-age classes in the proportion of animal foods consumed. Aquatic invertebrates composed 85% of the diet; midge larvae (Diptera: Chironomidae) and brine flies (Diptera: Ephydridae) were the principal taxa consumed. Molt score by feather region and overall molt score did not vary by sex or age. Light to moderate molt (25 to 50% molting feathers) was recorded in all feather regions. High levels of body fat and protein were attributed to premigratory hyperphagia and consumption of foods with a high protein:energy ratio.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Southwestern Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Hohman, W., Ankney, C., and Roster, D., 1992, Body condition, food habits, and molt status of late-wintering ruddy ducks in California: Southwestern Naturalist, v. 37, no. 3, p. 268-273.","productDescription":"268-273","startPage":"268","endPage":"273","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197050,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":16390,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/3671868","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"37","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1be4b07f02db607541","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hohman, W.L.","contributorId":82638,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hohman","given":"W.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":336850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ankney, C.D.","contributorId":48904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ankney","given":"C.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":336849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Roster, D.L.","contributorId":16779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roster","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":336848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5222926,"text":"5222926 - 1992 - Weaning in an Arctic wolf pack: Behavioral mechanisms","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-16T00:45:17.241168","indexId":"5222926","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:06","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1176,"text":"Canadian Journal of Zoology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Weaning in an Arctic wolf pack: Behavioral mechanisms","docAbstract":"If behavioral mechanisms controlling suckling have been shaped by parent-offspring conflict in the ultimate sense, then proximate behavioral determinants of conflict should occur throughout lactation, with greatest intensity in the terminal phase, and offspring should have tactics for overcoming parental resistance. We observed the weaning process in a habituated wild wolf pack (Canis lupus) on Ellesmere Island, Canada, from estimated ages 5 through 10 weeks (including a continuous record for 192 h). The following variables declined with age: percentage of suckling bouts initiated by the nurser, persistence by pups, and mean duration of suckling bouts. Variables that increased with age were interbout interval, percentage of suckling bouts terminated by the nurser, and wincing or agonistic actions of the nurser. Behavioral conflict appeared in the develop mental stage (estimated age 7 -8 weeks) during which pups could feed on opened carcasses. Countertactics by pups to obtain milk were not apparent, although the pups developed diverse tactics for obtaining and sharing meat. In this group of wolves, weaning mechanisms were a complex function of food-delivery by adults, discomfort of the nursing female as pups developed, and declining persistence of pups. If there is a conflict over what is optimal for pups and for the nurser in the ultimate sense, behavioral conflict is more likely to be expressed with regard to access to meat, or as conditional tactics dependent on food availability, rather than weaning conflict being controlleg by fixed rules in this species.","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/z92-177","usgsCitation":"Packard, J., Mech, L., and Ream, R., 1992, Weaning in an Arctic wolf pack: Behavioral mechanisms: Canadian Journal of Zoology, v. 70, no. 7, p. 1269-1275, https://doi.org/10.1139/z92-177.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1269","endPage":"1275","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196480,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"70","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49cce4b07f02db5d9254","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Packard, J.M.","contributorId":59752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Packard","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mech, L.D. 0000-0003-3944-7769","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":75466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mech","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ream, R.R.","contributorId":93154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ream","given":"R.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5222883,"text":"5222883 - 1992 - Prevalence of antibody titers to leptospira spp. in Minnesota white-tailed deer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-10T11:13:16.117348","indexId":"5222883","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:06","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Prevalence of antibody titers to leptospira spp. in Minnesota white-tailed deer","docAbstract":"Serum samples (n = 204) from 124 white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in northeastern Minnesota (USA) were collected from 1984 through 1989 and tested for antibodies to six serovars of Leptospira interrogans (bratislava, canicola, grippotyphosa, hardjo, icterohemorrhagiae, and pomona) using a microtiter agglutination test. Eighty-eight (43%) sera were positive at greater than or equal to 1:100 for antibodies against serovars pomona and/or bratislava; none was positive for any of the other four serovars. None of the 31 sera collected in 1984-85 was positive, whereas all 54 sera collected from 1986 through 1988 had titers of greater than or equal to 1:100. During 1989, only 34 (29%) of 119 sera had titers of greater than or equal to 1:100. Based on these results, we believe there to be wide variability in exposure of Minnesota deer to Leptospira interrogans.","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/0090-3558-28.3.445","usgsCitation":"Goyal, S., Mech, L., and Nelson, M., 1992, Prevalence of antibody titers to leptospira spp. in Minnesota white-tailed deer: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 28, no. 3, p. 445-448, https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-28.3.445.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"445","endPage":"448","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479560,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-28.3.445","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":195955,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db687ff4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goyal, S.M.","contributorId":83223,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goyal","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mech, L.D. 0000-0003-3944-7769","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":75466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mech","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nelson, M.E.","contributorId":102021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5222917,"text":"5222917 - 1992 - Redhead duck behavior on lower Laguna Madre and adjacent ponds of southern Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:07","indexId":"5222917","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:06","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3451,"text":"Southwestern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Redhead duck behavior on lower Laguna Madre and adjacent ponds of southern Texas","docAbstract":"Behavior of redheads (Aythya americana) during winter was studied on the hypersaline lower Laguna Madre and adjacent freshwater to brackish water ponds of southern Texas. On Laguna Madre, feeding (46%) and sleeping (37%) were the most common behaviors. Redheads fed more during early morning (64%) than during the rest of the day (40%); feeding activity was negatively correlated with temperature. Redheads fed more often by dipping (58%) than by tipping (25%), diving (16%), or gleaning (0.1%). Water depth was least where they fed by dipping (16 cm), greatest where diving (75 cm), and intermediate where tipping (26 cm). Feeding sequences averaged 5.3 s for dipping, 8.1 s for tipping, and 19.2 s for diving. Redheads usually were present on freshwater to brackish water ponds adjacent to Laguna Madre only during daylight hours, and use of those areas declined as winter progressed. Sleeping (75%) was the most frequent behavior at ponds, followed by preening (10%), swimming (10%), and feeding (0.4%). Because redheads fed almost exclusively on shoalgrass while dipping and tipping in shallow water and shoalgrass meadows have declined in the lower Laguna Madre, proper management of the remaining shoalgrass habitat is necessary to ensure that this area remains the major wintering area for redheads.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Southwestern Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Mitchell, C.A., Custer, T., and Zwank, P., 1992, Redhead duck behavior on lower Laguna Madre and adjacent ponds of southern Texas: Southwestern Naturalist, v. 37, no. 1, p. 65-72.","productDescription":"65-72","startPage":"65","endPage":"72","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197999,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":16402,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/3672148","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"37","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a30e4b07f02db616c7f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mitchell, C. A.","contributorId":54543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Custer, T. W. 0000-0003-3170-6519","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3170-6519","contributorId":91802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Custer","given":"T. W.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":337445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zwank, P.J.","contributorId":8961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zwank","given":"P.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5222923,"text":"5222923 - 1992 - Nest guarding from observation blinds: strategy for improving Puerto Rican parrot nest success","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:09","indexId":"5222923","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:06","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2284,"text":"Journal of Field Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nest guarding from observation blinds: strategy for improving Puerto Rican parrot nest success","docAbstract":"The effectiveness of 17 yr of nestguarding from observation blinds for increasing reproductive success of the endangered Puerto Rican Parrot (Amazona vittata) is described. As personnel and time allowed, active nests were guarded part-time during the nest site exploration and selection s stage of the breeding cycle, and part-time to full-time when a nest contained eggs or chicks. Biologists identified nine categories of threat to the success of parrot nests. Since 1973, a minimum of 20 nests, which otherwise would have failed, successfully produced fledglings as a direct result of nest guarding and intervention. Nest success averaged 66% with nest guarding compared to an estimated 38% without guarding. Nest guarding from blinds can help maintain a wild population of a critically endangered species while other management techniques are being developed to stimulate population growth.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Field Ornithology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Lindsey, G., 1992, Nest guarding from observation blinds: strategy for improving Puerto Rican parrot nest success: Journal of Field Ornithology, v. 63, no. 4, p. 466-472.","productDescription":"466-472","startPage":"466","endPage":"472","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195909,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":16394,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://elibrary.unm.edu/sora/JFO/v063n04/p0466-p0472.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"volume":"63","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4affe4b07f02db697cf9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lindsey, G.D.","contributorId":75648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindsey","given":"G.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5222924,"text":"5222924 - 1992 - Establishing paternity in Whooping Cranes (Grus americana) by DNA analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-11T15:39:27","indexId":"5222924","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:06","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Establishing paternity in Whooping Cranes (Grus americana) by DNA analysis","docAbstract":"DNA fingerprinting was used to study paternity and genetic variability within a captive flock of Whooping Cranes (Grus americana). Fingerprint patterns for 42 individuals were obtained by digesting genomic crane DNAs with HaeIII followed by electrophoresis, blotting, and hybridization to the M13 minisatellite probe. Despite finding reduced levels of genetic variation in the Whooping Crane due to a population \"bottleneck,\" these polymorphisms were successfully used to determine paternity in six of seven cases of captive propagation where the maternal-offspring relationship was known, but where the sire was unknown. These determinations of paternity are required for effective genetic management of the crane flock. These results also revealed a number of heterozygous minisatellite loci that will be valuable in future assessments of genetic variability in this endangered species.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","usgsCitation":"Longmire, J.L., Gee, G.F., Hardekopf, C., and Mark, G., 1992, Establishing paternity in Whooping Cranes (Grus americana) by DNA analysis: The Auk, v. 109, no. 3, p. 522-529.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"522","endPage":"529","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197229,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":341161,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/4088366"}],"volume":"109","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4af3e4b07f02db69199f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Longmire, Jonathan L.","contributorId":35845,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Longmire","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gee, George F.","contributorId":113443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gee","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hardekopf, C.L.","contributorId":48276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hardekopf","given":"C.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mark, G.A.","contributorId":46189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mark","given":"G.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":5222925,"text":"5222925 - 1992 - Assessing effects of pesticides on amphibians and reptiles: status and needs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:10","indexId":"5222925","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:06","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1895,"text":"Herpetological Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing effects of pesticides on amphibians and reptiles: status and needs","docAbstract":"Growing concern about the decline of certain amphibian populations and for conservation of amphibians and reptiles has led to renewed awareness of problems from pesticides. Testing amphibians and reptiles as a requirement for chemical registration has been proposed but is difficult because of the phylogenetic diversity of these groups. Information from the literature and research may determine whether amphibians and reptiles are adequately protected by current tests for mammals, birds, and fish. Existing information indicates that amphibians are unpredictably more resistant to certain cholinesterase inhibitors, and more sensitive to two chemicals used in fishery applications than could have been predicted. A single study on one species of lizard suggests that reptiles may be close in sensitivity to mammals and birds. Research on effects of pesticides on amphibians and reptiles should compare responses to currently tested groups and should seek to delineate those taxa and chemicals for which cross-group prediction is not possible. New tests for amphibians and reptiles should rely to the greatest extent possible on existing data bases, and should be designed for maximum economy and minimum harm to test animals. A strategy for developing the needed information is proposed. Good field testing and surveillance of chemicals in use may compensate for failures of predictive evaluations and may ultimately lead to improved tests.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Herpetological Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Hall, R., and Henry, P., 1992, Assessing effects of pesticides on amphibians and reptiles: status and needs: Herpetological Journal, v. 2, p. 65-71.","productDescription":"65-71","startPage":"65","endPage":"71","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196291,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db672aa0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hall, R.J.","contributorId":32885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hall","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Henry, P.F.P.","contributorId":14531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henry","given":"P.F.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5222930,"text":"5222930 - 1992 - Eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus and culiseta melanura activity at the Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, 1985-90","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-06T13:07:22","indexId":"5222930","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:06","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2522,"text":"Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus and culiseta melanura activity at the Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, 1985-90","docAbstract":"Mosquito population densities, virus isolations and seroconversion in sentinel quail were used to monitor eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus activity at the Patuxent Wildlife Research Center.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Pagac, B., Turell, M., and Olsen, G.H., 1992, Eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus and culiseta melanura activity at the Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, 1985-90: Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association, v. 8, no. 3, p. 328-330.","productDescription":"328-330","startPage":"328","endPage":"330","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197073,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ee4b07f02db627f30","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pagac, B.B.","contributorId":89632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pagac","given":"B.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Turell, M.J.","contributorId":6558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turell","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Olsen, Glenn H. 0000-0002-7188-6203 golsen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7188-6203","contributorId":40918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olsen","given":"Glenn","email":"golsen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":337481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5222932,"text":"5222932 - 1992 - Range use and movements of California condors","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-22T22:11:47.732152","indexId":"5222932","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:06","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Range use and movements of California condors","docAbstract":"Between 1982 and 1987, photographic and telemetric tracking of California Condors (Gymnogyps californianus) yielded information on use of the last known range of the species by 23 individual birds. Except for yearlings, most and possibly all individuals in the population used all major foraging zones. Use of the foraging zones was not uniform among individuals, however. Breeding pairs tended to forage most frequently in zones close to their nests (usually within 70 km, occasionally as far away as 180 km). Immatures (at least older immatures), unpaired birds, and paired birds that were not breeding foraged more widely. Male and female adults used the foraging range in a similar manner. Although most portions of the foraging range received some condor use throughout the year, use varied seasonally in accord with recent and historical patterns of food availability. Nesting areas were separated from foraging zones and were visited much less freely than foraging zones. Paired birds tended strongly to visit only their own and immediately adjacent nesting areas. Their nesting areas remained stable over the years. Unpaired adults and immatures ranged more widely among nesting areas. Condors were sometimes documented flying more than 200 km and traversing the entire range of the species during a day. Birds were variably social in movements. Pair members tended to stay together during long-distance travels. Immatures and unpaired birds sometimes traveled with other condors but often moved singly. In years when the population still included many breeders, the largest observed aggregations included one-half to two-thirds of the total population. The comparative strengths and weaknesses of photographic and telemetric methods are described for tracking and other research endeavors.","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.2307/1369205","usgsCitation":"Meretsky, V., and Snyder, N., 1992, Range use and movements of California condors: Condor, v. 94, no. 2, p. 313-335, https://doi.org/10.2307/1369205.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"313","endPage":"335","numberOfPages":"23","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198316,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"94","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a60e4b07f02db634e32","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meretsky, V.J.","contributorId":52937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meretsky","given":"V.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Snyder, N.F.R.","contributorId":59383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snyder","given":"N.F.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5222947,"text":"5222947 - 1992 - Field testing the Wildlink Capture Collar on wolves","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-26T14:08:05","indexId":"5222947","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:06","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Field testing the Wildlink Capture Collar on wolves","docAbstract":"Seventeen Wildlink capture collars were tested 61 times on 18 gray wolves (Canis lupus) during 1989-1991 in the Superior National Forest of northeastern Minnesota. Overall success rate was 89%, and most failures were attributable to premature battery expiration. When batteries were changed ≤ every 2 months, 17 of 17 tests succeeded. With an upgraded version of the collar in which batteries lasted longer, 17 of 18 tests succeeded. Over the 2-year study, 6 of the 17 collars were lost. For serially recapturing individuals, the Wildlink collar proved useful and reliable if care was taken to replace batteries at proper intervals.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Mech, L.D., and Geist, E.L., 1992, Field testing the Wildlink Capture Collar on wolves: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 20, no. 2, p. 221-223.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"221","endPage":"223","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":16398,"rank":200,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/3782899","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":196652,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68a7e2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mech, L. David 0000-0003-3944-7769 david_mech@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":2518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mech","given":"L.","email":"david_mech@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":337523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Geist, Eric L. 0000-0003-0611-1150","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0611-1150","contributorId":15543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geist","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":337524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5222949,"text":"5222949 - 1992 - A study of the genetic relationships within and among wolf packs using DNA fingerprinting and mitochondrial DNA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-31T16:55:23","indexId":"5222949","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:06","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":982,"text":"Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A study of the genetic relationships within and among wolf packs using DNA fingerprinting and mitochondrial DNA","docAbstract":"DNA fingerprinting and mitochondrial DNA analyses have not been used in combination to study relatedness in natural populations. We present an approach that involves defining the mean fingerprint similarities among individuals thought to be unrelated because they have different mtDNA genotypes. Two classes of related individuals are identified by their distance in standard errors above this mean value. The number of standard errors is determined by analysis of the association between fingerprint similarity and relatedness in a population with a known genealogy. We apply this approach to gray wolf packs from Minnesota, Alaska, and the Northwest Territories. Our results show that: (1) wolf packs consist primarily of individuals that are closely related genetically, but some packs contain unrelated, non-reproducing individuals; (2) dispersal among packs within the same area is common; and (3) short-range dispersal appears more common for female than male wolves. The first two of these genetically-based observations are consistent with behavioral data on pack structure and dispersal in wolves, while the apparent sex bias in dispersal was not expected.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF00173944","usgsCitation":"Lehman, N., Clarkson, P., Mech, L.D., Meier, T.J., and Wayne, R.K., 1992, A study of the genetic relationships within and among wolf packs using DNA fingerprinting and mitochondrial DNA: Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, v. 30, no. 2, p. 83-94, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00173944.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"83","endPage":"94","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197845,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b17e4b07f02db6a612b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lehman, Niles","contributorId":106506,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lehman","given":"Niles","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clarkson, Peter","contributorId":62736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clarkson","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mech, L. David 0000-0003-3944-7769 david_mech@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":2518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mech","given":"L.","email":"david_mech@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":337529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Meier, Thomas J.","contributorId":37192,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meier","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wayne, Robert K.","contributorId":80948,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wayne","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":7081,"text":"University of California - Los Angeles","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":337527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ]}