{"pageNumber":"4177","pageRowStart":"104400","pageSize":"25","recordCount":165969,"records":[{"id":70015504,"text":"70015504 - 1989 - Boron isotopic composition of tourmaline from massive sulfide deposits and tourmalinites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:55","indexId":"70015504","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1336,"text":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Boron isotopic composition of tourmaline from massive sulfide deposits and tourmalinites","docAbstract":"Boron isotope ratios (11B/10B) have been measured on 60 tourmaline separates from over 40 massive sulfide deposits and tourmalinites from a variety of geologic and tectonic settings. The coverage of these localities is global (5 continents) and includes the giant ore bodies at Kidd Creek and Sullivan (Canada), Broken Hill (Australia), and Ducktown (USA). Overall, the tourmalines display a wide range in ??11B values from -22.8 to +18.3??? Possible controls over the boron isotopic composition of the tourmalines include: 1) composition of the boron source, 2) regional metamorphism, 3) water/rock ratios, 4) seawater entrainment, 5) temperature of formation, and 6) secular variations in seawater ??11B. The most significant control appears to be the composition of the boron source, particularly the nature of footwall lithologies; variations in water/ rock ratios and seawater entrainment are of secondary importance. The boron isotope values seem especially sensitive to the presence of evaporites (marine and non-marine) and carbonates in source rocks to the massive sulfide deposits and tourmalinites. ?? 1989 Springer-Verlag.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF01041751","issn":"00107999","usgsCitation":"Palmer, M.R., and Slack, J.F., 1989, Boron isotopic composition of tourmaline from massive sulfide deposits and tourmalinites: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 103, no. 4, p. 434-451, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01041751.","startPage":"434","endPage":"451","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224208,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":205453,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01041751"}],"volume":"103","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f221e4b0c8380cd4b011","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Palmer, M. R.","contributorId":81256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Palmer","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Slack, J. F.","contributorId":75917,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slack","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015503,"text":"70015503 - 1989 - Petroleum geology of the mid-Atlantic continental margin, offshore Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-04T11:25:27.153267","indexId":"70015503","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Petroleum geology of the mid-Atlantic continental margin, offshore Virginia","docAbstract":"
The Baltimore Canyon Trough, a major sedimentary basin on the Atlantic continental shelf, contains up to 18 km of Mesozoic and Cenozoic strata. The basin has been studied extensively by multichannel common depth point (CDP) seismic reflection profiles and has been tested by drilling for hydrocarbon resources in several places.
The Mesozoic and Cenozoic strata contained in the basin were deposited in littoral to bathyal depositional settings and contain immature to marginally mature oil-prone and gas-prone kerogen. The more deeply buried strata of Early Mesozoic age are more likely to be thermally mature than are the younger strata with respect to hydrocarbon generation, but contain terrestrially derived coaly organic matter that would be prone to yield gas, rather than oil.
An analysis of available CDP seismic reflection data has indicated that there are several potential hydrocarbon plays in the area offshore of Virginia. These include: (1) Lower Mesozoic synrift basins that appear similar to those exposed in the Appalachian Piedmont, (2) a stratigraphic updip pinchout of strata of Early Mesozoic age in the offshore region near the coast, (3) a deeply buried paleoshelf edge, where seismic reflectors dip sharply seaward; and (4) a Cretaceous/Jurassic shelf edge beneath the present continental rise. Of these, the synrift basins and Cretaceous/Jurassic shelf edge are considered to be the best targets for exploration.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0025-3227(89)90117-5","issn":"00253227","usgsCitation":"Bayer, K., and Milici, R.C., 1989, Petroleum geology of the mid-Atlantic continental margin, offshore Virginia: Marine Geology, v. 90, no. 1-2, p. 87-94, https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(89)90117-5.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"87","endPage":"94","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224207,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"90","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a77e2e4b0c8380cd785be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bayer, K.C.","contributorId":45714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bayer","given":"K.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Milici, R. C.","contributorId":58688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milici","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015502,"text":"70015502 - 1989 - Late Cenozoic sea-level changes and the onset of glaciation: impact on continental slope progradation off eastern Canada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-01T15:26:51","indexId":"70015502","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2682,"text":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late Cenozoic sea-level changes and the onset of glaciation: impact on continental slope progradation off eastern Canada","docAbstract":"Late Cenozoic sedimentation from four varied sites on the continental slopes off southeastern Canada has been analysed using high-resolution airgun multichannel seismic profiles, supplemented with some single channel data. Biostratigraphic ties are available to exploratory wells at three of the sites. Uniform, slow accumulation of hemipelagic sediments was locally terminated by the late Miocene sea-level lowering, which is also reflected in changes in foraminiferan faunas on the continental shelf. Data are very limited for the early Pliocene but suggest a return to slow hemipelagic sedimentation. At the beginning of the late Pliocene, there was a change in sedimentation style marked by a several-fold increase in accumulation rates and cutting of slope valleys. This late Pliocene cutting of slope valleys corresponds to the onset of late Cenozoic growth of the Laurentian Fan and the initiation of turbidite sedimentation on the Sohm Abyssal Plain. Although it corresponds to a time of sea-level lowering, the contrast with the late Miocene lowstand indicates that there must also have been a change in sediment delivery to the coastline, perhaps as a result of increased rainfall or development of valley glaciers. High sedimentation rates continued into the early Pleistocene, but the extent of slope dissection by gullies increased. Gully-cutting episodes alternated with sediment-draping episodes. Throughout the southeastern Canadian continental margin, there was a change in sedimentation style in the middle Pleistocene that resulted from extensive ice sheets crossing the continental shelf and delivering coarse sediment directly to the continental slope. ?? 1989.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0264-8172(89)90030-5","issn":"02648172","usgsCitation":"Piper, D., and Normark, W.R., 1989, Late Cenozoic sea-level changes and the onset of glaciation: impact on continental slope progradation off eastern Canada: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 6, no. 4, p. 336-347, https://doi.org/10.1016/0264-8172(89)90030-5.","startPage":"336","endPage":"347","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224206,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":268649,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0264-8172(89)90030-5"}],"volume":"6","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a44c9e4b0c8380cd66da0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Piper, D.J.W.","contributorId":17351,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Piper","given":"D.J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7219,"text":"Natural Resources Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":371090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Normark, W. R.","contributorId":87137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Normark","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015501,"text":"70015501 - 1989 - The non-participation of organic sulphur in acid mine drainage generation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-11T11:24:37","indexId":"70015501","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1538,"text":"Environmental Geochemistry and Health","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The non-participation of organic sulphur in acid mine drainage generation","docAbstract":"

Acid mine drainage is commonly associated with land disturbances that encounter and expose iron sulphides to oxidising atmospheric conditions. The attendant acidic conditions solubilise a host of trace metals. Within this flow regime the potential exists to contaminate surface drinking water supplies with a variety of trace materials. Accordingly, in evaluating the applications for mines located in the headwaters of water sheds, the pre-mining prediction of the occurrence of acid mine drainage is of paramount importance. There is general agreement among investigators that coal organic sulphur is a nonparticipant in acid mine drainage generation; however, there is no scientific documentation to support this consensus. Using simulated weathering, kinetic, mass balance, petrographic analysis and a peroxide oxidation procedure, coal organic sulphur is shown to be a nonparticipant in acid mine drainage generation. Calculations for assessing the acid-generating potential of a sedimentary rock should not include organic sulphur content.

","language":"English","publisherLocation":"Kluwer Academic Publishers","doi":"10.1007/BF01758669","issn":"02694042","usgsCitation":"Casagrande, D., Finkelman, R.B., and Caruccio, F., 1989, The non-participation of organic sulphur in acid mine drainage generation: Environmental Geochemistry and Health, v. 11, no. 3-4, p. 187-192, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01758669.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"187","endPage":"192","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224158,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bae22e4b08c986b323f1f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Casagrande, D.J.","contributorId":13378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casagrande","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Finkelman, R. B.","contributorId":20341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finkelman","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Caruccio, F.T.","contributorId":21695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caruccio","given":"F.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70015500,"text":"70015500 - 1989 - The north Panama earthquake of 7 September 1882: Evidence for active underthrusting","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-27T23:24:53.495623","indexId":"70015500","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The north Panama earthquake of 7 September 1882: Evidence for active underthrusting","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/BSSA0790041264","usgsCitation":"Mendoza, C., and Nishenko, S., 1989, The north Panama earthquake of 7 September 1882: Evidence for active underthrusting: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 79, no. 4, p. 1264-1269, https://doi.org/10.1785/BSSA0790041264.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1264","endPage":"1269","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":422209,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/ssa/bssa/article/79/4/1264/102435/The-north-Panama-earthquake-of-7-September-1882"},{"id":224157,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Panama","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.25870056580271,\n 10.218595784034122\n ],\n [\n -82.25870056580271,\n 6.741965461322053\n ],\n [\n -77.55655212830268,\n 6.741965461322053\n ],\n [\n -77.55655212830268,\n 10.218595784034122\n ],\n [\n -82.25870056580271,\n 10.218595784034122\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"79","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bae24e4b08c986b323f24","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mendoza, C.","contributorId":82059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mendoza","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nishenko, S.","contributorId":41601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nishenko","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015499,"text":"70015499 - 1989 - Statistical frequency analysis of flood records","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:56","indexId":"70015499","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Statistical frequency analysis of flood records","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, like other Federal agencies, uses Hydrology Subcommittee Bulletin 17 for guidance in statistical frequency analysis of flood records. This paper describes the formal statistical and computational aspects of the Bulletin 17 methodology. The methodology includes provisions for dealing with high and low out-liers, historic peaks, and other anomalous flood data. If these options are inadequate, alternative procedures may be used if properly documented.","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the 1989 National Conference on Hydraulic Engineering","conferenceDate":"14 August 1989 through 18 August 1989","conferenceLocation":"New Orleans, LA, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Publ by ASCE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, United States","isbn":"0872627195","usgsCitation":"Kirby, W., 1989, Statistical frequency analysis of flood records, Proceedings of the 1989 National Conference on Hydraulic Engineering, New Orleans, LA, USA, 14 August 1989 through 18 August 1989, p. 366-371.","startPage":"366","endPage":"371","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224156,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b972de4b08c986b31b91b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kirby, W.","contributorId":38605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirby","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70015498,"text":"70015498 - 1989 - Idealized debris flow in flume with bed driven by a conveyor belt","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:56","indexId":"70015498","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Idealized debris flow in flume with bed driven by a conveyor belt","docAbstract":"The generalized viscoplastic fluid (GVF) model is used to derive the theoretical expressions of two-dimensional velocities and surface profile for debris flow established in a flume with bed driven by a conveyor belt. The rheological parameters of the GVF model are evaluated through the comparison of theoretical results with measured data. A slip velocity of the established (steady) nonuniform flow on the moving bed (i.e., the conveyor belt) is observed, and a relation between the slip velocity and the velocity gradient at the bed is derived. Two belts, one rough and the other smooth, were tested. The flow profile in the flume is found to be linear and dependent on the roughness of the belt, but not much on its speed.","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the 1989 National Conference on Hydraulic Engineering","conferenceDate":"14 August 1989 through 18 August 1989","conferenceLocation":"New Orleans, LA, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Publ by ASCE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, United States","isbn":"0872627195","usgsCitation":"Ling, C., and Chen, C., 1989, Idealized debris flow in flume with bed driven by a conveyor belt, Proceedings of the 1989 National Conference on Hydraulic Engineering, New Orleans, LA, USA, 14 August 1989 through 18 August 1989, p. 1144-1149.","startPage":"1144","endPage":"1149","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224155,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a380be4b0c8380cd613d0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ling, Chi-Hai","contributorId":55154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ling","given":"Chi-Hai","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chen, Cheng-lung","contributorId":30752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"Cheng-lung","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015497,"text":"70015497 - 1989 - Artificial reef observations from a manned submersible off southeast Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:56","indexId":"70015497","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1106,"text":"Bulletin of Marine Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Artificial reef observations from a manned submersible off southeast Florida","docAbstract":"Examination of 16 artificial reef structures in depths ranging from 30-120m indicated that the highest numbers of fish are found around reefs in water shallower than 46m. Fewer fish, especially those with tropical coral reef affinities, <46m was probably caused by a thermocline. Algae and reef community encrusters, abundant on shallower structures, were absent below 46m. Structures that penetrated above the thermocline, such as upright oil rigs and a hopper barge, were also effective reefs. The open structure and high profile of the rigs enhance their use as artificial reefs by providing a range of well-aerated habitats. Greatest diversity and numbers of fish were observed at the Miami sewer outfall. -from Authors","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of Marine Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00074977","usgsCitation":"Shinn, E., and Wicklund, R., 1989, Artificial reef observations from a manned submersible off southeast Florida: Bulletin of Marine Science, v. 44, no. 2, p. 1041-1050.","startPage":"1041","endPage":"1050","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224154,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059edb1e4b0c8380cd49955","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shinn, E.A.","contributorId":38610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shinn","given":"E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wicklund, R.I.","contributorId":89669,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wicklund","given":"R.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015696,"text":"70015696 - 1989 - River Valley pluton, Ontario: A late-Archean/early-Proterozoic anorthositic intrusion in the Grenville Province","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-03T16:32:56.971299","indexId":"70015696","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"River Valley pluton, Ontario: A late-Archean/early-Proterozoic anorthositic intrusion in the Grenville Province","docAbstract":"

The River Valley pluton is a ca. 100 km2 body of anorthositic and gabbroic rocks located about 50 km northeast of Sudbury, Ontario. The pluton is situated entirely within the Grenville Province, but its western margin is a series of imbricate thrust faults associated with the Grenville Front Tectonic Zone. It is dominated by coarse leuconorite and leucogabbro, with lesser anorthosite, gabbro, and rare ultramafics. Igneous textured rocks are abundant and consist of plagioclase (An60–70) charged with Fe-Ti oxide inclusions, low Ca pyroxene (orthopyroxene and/or inverted pigeonite) and augite. The most unfractionated rocks are minor olivine gabbros with Fo70–80. A variety of deformed and recrystallized equivalents of the igneous-textured rocks is also present, and these are composed largely of calcic plagioclase and hornblende.

Ten samples, including both igneous and deformed lithologies give a Pb-Pb whole-rock isochron of 2560±155Ma, which is our best estimate of the time of primary crystallization. The River Valley pluton is thus the oldest anorthositic intrusive yet reported from the Grenville Province, but is more calcic and augitic than typical massifs, and lacks their characteristic Fe-Ti oxide ore deposits. The River Valley body may be more akin to similar gabbro-anorthosite bodies situated at the boundary between the Archean Superior Province and Huronian supracrustal belt of the Southern Province west of the Grenville Front.

An Sm-Nd isochron from 3 igneous-textured leucogabbros and an augite mineral separate gives 2377 ± 68 Ma, implying slight disturbance of the Sm-Nd whole-rock-mineral system during later metamorphism. The Rb-Sr system has been substantially disturbed, giving an age of 2185 ± 105 Ma, which is similar to internal Pb-Pb isochron ages of 2165 ± 130 Ma and 2100 ± 35 Ma for two igneous-textured rocks. It is uncertain whether these ages correspond to a discrete event at this time or represent a partial resetting of the Rb-Sr and Pb-Pb systems from a younger event such as the Grenvillian orogeny of ca. 1.0 Ga. None of the isotopic systems we investigated, however, gives an age near 1.0 Ga, suggesting that neither the River Valley pluton, nor the immediately surrounding gneisses were strongly affected by metamorphism associated with the Grenvillian orogeny.

Initial isotopic ratios for the River Valley pluton correspond to single-stage model parameters of μ = 8.06, ϵNd = 0 to −3, and ISr = 0.7015 to 0.7021. Collectively, these suggest either an enriched mantle source or crustal contamination of a mantle-derived magma. The crustal component involved must have been older and more radiogenic than the majority of rocks exposed at the surface in the nearby Superior Province.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(89)90006-9","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Ashwal, L., and Wooden, J.L., 1989, River Valley pluton, Ontario: A late-Archean/early-Proterozoic anorthositic intrusion in the Grenville Province: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 53, no. 3, p. 633-641, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(89)90006-9.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"633","endPage":"641","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224169,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"53","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aad9ee4b0c8380cd86f2f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ashwal, L.D.","contributorId":82060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ashwal","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wooden, J. L.","contributorId":58678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wooden","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015695,"text":"70015695 - 1989 - Geochemical controls of vanadium accumulation in fossil fuels","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:58","indexId":"70015695","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Geochemical controls of vanadium accumulation in fossil fuels","docAbstract":"High vanadium contents in petroleum and other fossil fuels have been attributed to organic-matter type, organisms, volcanic emanations, diffusion of sea water, and epigenetic enrichment. However, these factors are inadequate to account for the high abundance of vanadium in some fossil fuels and the paucity in others. By examining vanadium deposits in sedimentary rocks with sparse organic matter, constraints are placed on processes controlling vanadium accumulation in organic-rich sediments. Vanadium, as vanadate (V(V)), entered some depositional basins in oxidizing waters from dry, subaerial environments. Upon contact with organic matter in anoxic waters, V(V) is reduced to vanadyl (V(IV)), which can be removed from the water column by adsorption. H2S reduces V(IV) to V(III), which hydrolyzes and precipitates. The lack of V(III) in petroleum suggests that reduction of V(IV) to V(III) is inhibited by organic complexes. In the absence of strong complexing agents, V(III) forms and is incorporated in clay minerals.","largerWorkTitle":"American Chemical Society, Division of Petroleum Chemistry, Preprints","conferenceTitle":"Symposium on Trace Elements in Petroleum Geochemistry","conferenceDate":"9 April 1989 through 14 April 1989","conferenceLocation":"Dallas, TX, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Publ by ACS","publisherLocation":"Washington, DC, United States","issn":"05693799","usgsCitation":"Breit, G.N., and Wanty, R., 1989, Geochemical controls of vanadium accumulation in fossil fuels, in American Chemical Society, Division of Petroleum Chemistry, Preprints, v. 34, no. 1, Dallas, TX, USA, 9 April 1989 through 14 April 1989.","startPage":"176","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224168,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a15f9e4b0c8380cd54fec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Breit, G. N.","contributorId":94664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Breit","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wanty, R. B. 0000-0002-2063-6423","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2063-6423","contributorId":66704,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wanty","given":"R. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015704,"text":"70015704 - 1989 - Analysis of chlorinated organic compounds in estuarine biota and sediments by chemical ionization tandem mass spectrometry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-17T16:37:11","indexId":"70015704","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1020,"text":"Biological Mass Spectrometry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Analysis of chlorinated organic compounds in estuarine biota and sediments by chemical ionization tandem mass spectrometry","docAbstract":"

Complex sample matrices of estuarine biota tissue and bed sediment extracts were analyzed for selected chlorinated compounds. By using gas chromatography/positive chemical ionization/tandem mass spectrometry, the coeluting interferences present in gas chromatography/electron ionization mass spectrometry were eliminated in the biota tissue and bed sediment extracts. The selected chlorinated compounds included chlorobenzene; 1,2‐, 1,3‐ and 1,4‐dichlorobenzene; 1,2,3‐, 1,2,4‐ and 1,3,5‐trichlorobenzene; 1,2,3,4‐, 1,2,3,5‐ and 1,2,4,5‐tetrachlorobenzene; pentachlorobenzene; hexachlorobenzene; hexachloro‐1,3‐butadiene; octachlorostyrene; and octachloronaphthalene. Daughter ion spectra for these compounds are included. The detection limit for most of the compounds was 20 pg, and the instrument response was linear over five orders of magnitude, by using 13C‐labelled hexachlorobenzene as the internal standard.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/bms.1200180704","issn":"08876134","usgsCitation":"Rostad, C., and Pereira, W.E., 1989, Analysis of chlorinated organic compounds in estuarine biota and sediments by chemical ionization tandem mass spectrometry: Biological Mass Spectrometry, v. 18, no. 7, p. 464-470, https://doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200180704.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"464","endPage":"470","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":224329,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":268128,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200180704"}],"volume":"18","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eb0de4b0c8380cd48ba0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rostad, C.E.","contributorId":50939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rostad","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pereira, W. E.","contributorId":46981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pereira","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015496,"text":"70015496 - 1989 - Erosion in the juniata river drainage basin, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-05T13:26:44.23084","indexId":"70015496","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1801,"text":"Geomorphology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Erosion in the juniata river drainage basin, Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"

Previously calculated erosion rates througouth the Appalachians range from 1.2 to 203 m Myr−1. Calculation of erosion rates has been accomplished by: (1) evaluation of riverine solute and sediment load in either large or small drainage basins; (2) estimation from the volume of derived sediments; and (3) methods involving either 10Be or fission-track dating. Values of specific conductance and suspended sediment collected at the Juniata River gauging station at Newport, Pennsylvania are used, with corrections, along with a bedload estimate to determine the total amount eroded from the 8687 km2 drainage basin during the water years 1965–1986. The amount eroded is used to calculate a present erosion rate of 27 m Myr−1.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0169-555X(89)90017-2","issn":"0169555X","usgsCitation":"Sevon, W., 1989, Erosion in the juniata river drainage basin, Pennsylvania: Geomorphology, v. 2, no. 1-3, p. 303-318, https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-555X(89)90017-2.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"303","endPage":"318","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224099,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0a3ae4b0c8380cd52265","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sevon, W. D.","contributorId":38650,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sevon","given":"W. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70015495,"text":"70015495 - 1989 - The Alabama, U.S.A., seismic event and strata collapse of May 7, 1986","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:56","indexId":"70015495","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3209,"text":"Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Alabama, U.S.A., seismic event and strata collapse of May 7, 1986","docAbstract":"On May 7, 1986, the residents of Tuscaloosa, Alabama, felt a seismic event of local magnitude 3.6 that occurred at the same time as a rock burst and roof collapse in an active longwall coal mine. Visual inspection of the seismograms reveals a deficiency in energy at frequencies above 20 Hz compared to tectonic earthquakes or surface blasts. The predominance of energy below 5 Hz may explain reports of body wave magnitudes (mb) greater than 4.2. Also, 1.0 Hz surface waves were more strongly excited than body waves and may explain local felt effects more typically associated with greater epicentral distances. All recorded first motions were dilatational. The concentration of stations in the northern hemisphere allows reverse motion on an east-trending near-vertical plane or strike-slip motion on northwest or southeast trending planes. The reverse focal mechanism is preferred, because the area of roof collapse and the area of active longwall mining are located between two east-striking loose vertical fracture zones. The characteristics of the seismic event suggest that it might have been sudden shear failure resulting from accumulated strain energy in overlying strata behind an active longwall. Although an alternate interpretation of the focal mechanism as an implosion or shear failure in the strata above previously mined out areas is also allowed by the first motion data, this alternate intepretation is not supported by geological data. ?? 1989 Birkha??user Verlag.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Birkha??user-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF00874517","issn":"00334553","usgsCitation":"Long, L., and Copeland, C., 1989, The Alabama, U.S.A., seismic event and strata collapse of May 7, 1986: Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH, v. 129, no. 3-4, p. 415-421, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00874517.","startPage":"415","endPage":"421","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205443,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00874517"},{"id":224098,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"129","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba661e4b08c986b3210c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Long, L.T.","contributorId":24358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"L.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Copeland, C.W.","contributorId":72535,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Copeland","given":"C.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015691,"text":"70015691 - 1989 - Estimation of strong ground motions from hypothetical earthquakes on the Cascadia subduction zone, Pacific Northwest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:58","indexId":"70015691","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3209,"text":"Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimation of strong ground motions from hypothetical earthquakes on the Cascadia subduction zone, Pacific Northwest","docAbstract":"Strong ground motions are estimated for the Pacific Northwest assuming that large shallow earthquakes, similar to those experienced in southern Chile, southwestern Japan, and Colombia, may also occur on the Cascadia subduction zone. Fifty-six strong motion recordings for twenty-five subduction earthquakes of Ms???7.0 are used to estimate the response spectra that may result from earthquakes Mw<81/4. Large variations in observed ground motion levels are noted for a given site distance and earthquake magnitude. When compared with motions that have been observed in the western United States, large subduction zone earthquakes produce relatively large ground motions at surprisingly large distances. An earthquake similar to the 22 May 1960 Chilean earthquake (Mw 9.5) is the largest event that is considered to be plausible for the Cascadia subduction zone. This event has a moment which is two orders of magnitude larger than the largest earthquake for which we have strong motion records. The empirical Green's function technique is used to synthesize strong ground motions for such giant earthquakes. Observed teleseismic P-waveforms from giant earthquakes are also modeled using the empirical Green's function technique in order to constrain model parameters. The teleseismic modeling in the period range of 1.0 to 50 sec strongly suggests that fewer Green's functions should be randomly summed than is required to match the long-period moments of giant earthquakes. It appears that a large portion of the moment associated with giant earthquakes occurs at very long periods that are outside the frequency band of interest for strong ground motions. Nevertheless, the occurrence of a giant earthquake in the Pacific Northwest may produce quite strong shaking over a very large region. ?? 1989 Birkha??user Verlag.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Birkha??user-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF00874626","issn":"00334553","usgsCitation":"Heaton, T.H., and Hartzell, S., 1989, Estimation of strong ground motions from hypothetical earthquakes on the Cascadia subduction zone, Pacific Northwest: Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH, v. 129, no. 1-2, p. 131-201, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00874626.","startPage":"131","endPage":"201","numberOfPages":"71","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":479924,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20121127-084238485","text":"External Repository"},{"id":205439,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00874626"},{"id":224055,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"129","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0bb0e4b0c8380cd52821","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Heaton, T. H.","contributorId":64671,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Heaton","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hartzell, S.H.","contributorId":27426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartzell","given":"S.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015708,"text":"70015708 - 1989 - Short note; Detectability levels for central induction transient soundings","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-18T15:47:23.660752","indexId":"70015708","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1808,"text":"Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Short note; Detectability levels for central induction transient soundings","docAbstract":"

A question usually asked during the planning of a transient sounding survey is, \"Can information useful to solving the geologic problem at hand be obtained from the measurements?\" This question is usually answered by constructing a geologic model for the survey area based upon the best available information to determine which model parameters can be resolved. Specifically, this determination can be accomplished by computing a forward model, varying a parameter of interest, and observing whether the responses of the original and perturbed models are different. Alternatively, inversion-based methods can be used to estimate parameter resolution (Inman, 1975; Glenn and Ward, 1976).

","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","doi":"10.1190/1.1442570","issn":"00168033","usgsCitation":"Fitterman, D.V., 1989, Short note; Detectability levels for central induction transient soundings: Geophysics, v. 54, no. 1, p. 127-129, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1442570.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"127","endPage":"129","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224333,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"54","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ff5ce4b0c8380cd4f141","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fitterman, David V. dfitterman@usgs.gov","contributorId":1106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitterman","given":"David","email":"dfitterman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":371573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70015710,"text":"70015710 - 1989 - Use of a new high-speed digital data acquisition system in airborne ice-sounding","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:57","indexId":"70015710","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1944,"text":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of a new high-speed digital data acquisition system in airborne ice-sounding","docAbstract":"A high-speed digital data acquisition and signal averaging system for borehole, surface, and airborne radio-frequency geophysical measurements was designed and built by the US Geological Survey. The system permits signal averaging at rates high enough to achieve significant signal-to-noise enhancement in profiling, even in airborne applications. The first field use of the system took place in Greenland in 1987 for recording data on a 150 by 150-km grid centered on the summit of the Greenland ice sheet. About 6000-line km were flown and recorded using the new system. The data can be used to aid in siting a proposed scientific corehole through the ice sheet.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1109/TGRS.1989.35938","issn":"01962892","usgsCitation":"Wright, D.L., Bradley, J.A., and Hodge, S.M., 1989, Use of a new high-speed digital data acquisition system in airborne ice-sounding: IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, v. 27, no. 5, p. 561-567, https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.1989.35938.","startPage":"561","endPage":"567","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":479916,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://semanticscholar.org/paper/9ce8c7b066af13a7cf96da94e90479d216d3940d","text":"External Repository"},{"id":205475,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.1989.35938"},{"id":224386,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbe99e4b08c986b32969a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wright, David L. dwright@usgs.gov","contributorId":1132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"David","email":"dwright@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":371579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bradley, Jerry A.","contributorId":37077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Jerry","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hodge, Steven M.","contributorId":68467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hodge","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70015060,"text":"70015060 - 1989 - Horizontal anisotropy of the principal ground-water flow zone in the Salinas alluvial fan, Puerto Rico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-25T15:27:45","indexId":"70015060","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Horizontal anisotropy of the principal ground-water flow zone in the Salinas alluvial fan, Puerto Rico","docAbstract":"

Well drawdown data from an anisotropic aquifer in the Salinas alluvial fan were collected and analyzed with a computer program called TENSOR2D. The program uses ordinary and weighted least-squares optimization procedures to solve the system of simultaneous equations needed to define the theoretical transmissivity ellipse. Prediction of drawdown data was made by coupling the anisotropy ellipse with the Hantush modified leaky-confined or Theis model. Drawdown data predicted by using the theoretical directional diffusivity obtained with the weighted least-squared fit gave a more accurate representation of the actual drawdown data than when using the test-data directional diffusivity. -from Author

","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1989.tb01969.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Quinones-Aponte, V., 1989, Horizontal anisotropy of the principal ground-water flow zone in the Salinas alluvial fan, Puerto Rico: Ground Water, v. 27, no. 4, p. 491-500, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1989.tb01969.x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"491","endPage":"500","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":156,"text":"Caribbean Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":224181,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-08-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a321ae4b0c8380cd5e514","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Quinones-Aponte, V.","contributorId":89285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quinones-Aponte","given":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70015061,"text":"70015061 - 1989 - Retardation of ammonium and potassium transport through a contaminated sand and gravel aquifer: The Role of cation exchange","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-12T10:54:53","indexId":"70015061","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1414,"text":"ES and T Contents","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Retardation of ammonium and potassium transport through a contaminated sand and gravel aquifer: The Role of cation exchange","docAbstract":"The role of cation exchange in the retardation of ammonium (NH4+) and potassium (K+) transport in a shallow sand and gravel aquifer was evaluated by use of observed distributions of NH4+ and K+ within a plume of sewage-contaminated groundwater, small-scale tracer injection tests, and batch sorption experiments on aquifer material. Both NH4+ and K+ were transported ???2 km in the 4-km-long contaminant plume (retardation factor, Rf = 2.0). Sediments from the NH4+-containing zone of the plume contained significant quantities of KCl-extractable NH4+ (extraction distribution coefficient, Kd,extr = 0.59-0.87 mL/g of dry sediment), and when added to uncontaminated sediments, NH4+ sorption followed a linear isotherm. Small-scale tracer tests demonstrated that NH4+ and K+ were retarded (Rf =3.5) relative to a nonreactive tracer (Br-). Sorption of dissolved NH4+ was accompanied by concomitant release of calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), and sodium (Na+) from aquifer sediments, suggesting involvement of cation exchange. In contrast, nitrate (NO3-) was not retarded and cleanly separated from NH4+ and K+ in the small-scale tracer tests. This study demonstrates that transport of NH4+ and K+ through a sand and gravel aquifer can be markedly affected by cation-exchange processes even at a clay content less than 0.1%.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es00069a012","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Ceazan, M., Thurman, E., and Smith, R.L., 1989, Retardation of ammonium and potassium transport through a contaminated sand and gravel aquifer: The Role of cation exchange: ES and T Contents, v. 23, no. 11, p. 1402-1408, https://doi.org/10.1021/es00069a012.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1402","endPage":"1408","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":224182,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aac02e4b0c8380cd86adc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ceazan, M.L.","contributorId":80015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ceazan","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thurman, E.M.","contributorId":102864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thurman","given":"E.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, R. L.","contributorId":93904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":369965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70015062,"text":"70015062 - 1989 - Radiocarbon dates for lava flows from northeast rift zone of Mauna Loa Volcano, Hilo 7 1/2 minute quadrangle, Island of Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-16T15:53:45.717486","indexId":"70015062","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3225,"text":"Radiocarbon","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Radiocarbon dates for lava flows from northeast rift zone of Mauna Loa Volcano, Hilo 7 1/2 minute quadrangle, Island of Hawaii","docAbstract":"

Twenty-eight 14C analyses are reported for carbonized roots and other plant material collected from beneath 15 prehistoric lava flows erupted from the northeast rift zone (NERZ) of Mauna Loa Volcano (ML) utilizing the recovery techniques of Lockwood and Lipman (1980). Most samples were collected from the Hilo 7 1/2’ quadrangle during field work for a geologic map of that quadrangle (Buchanan-Banks, unpub data); a few sample sites are located in adjacent quadrangles: Piihonua to the west and Mountain View to the south. Altitudes are given in English units as well as metric to facilitate locating sites on USGS topographic maps.

","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1017/S0033822200044842","issn":"00338222","usgsCitation":"Buchanan-Banks, J., Lockwood, J.P., and Rubin, M., 1989, Radiocarbon dates for lava flows from northeast rift zone of Mauna Loa Volcano, Hilo 7 1/2 minute quadrangle, Island of Hawaii: Radiocarbon, v. 31, no. 2, p. 179-186, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033822200044842.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"179","endPage":"186","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":492438,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200044842","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":224183,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-07-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a93d9e4b0c8380cd81073","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buchanan-Banks, J.M.","contributorId":32918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buchanan-Banks","given":"J.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lockwood, J. P.","contributorId":104473,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lockwood","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rubin, M.","contributorId":88079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rubin","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70015063,"text":"70015063 - 1989 - Significance of loessite in the Maroon Formation (Middle Pennsylvanian to Lower Permian), Eagle Basin, northwest Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-20T23:13:46.374772","indexId":"70015063","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2450,"text":"Journal of Sedimentary Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Significance of loessite in the Maroon Formation (Middle Pennsylvanian to Lower Permian), Eagle Basin, northwest Colorado","docAbstract":"

Quaternary loess deposits are widespread on the earth's surface, yet pre-Quaternary loess deposits have rarely been reported. The Maroon Formation (Middle Pennsylvanian to Lower Permian) of the Eagle Basin, northwest Colorado, includes a siltstone-dominated facies interpreted as loessite (lithified loess) along its downwind basin margin. The section of inferred loessite in the Maroon Formation is locally at least 490 m thick and consists in large part of structureless and nearly structureless beds of homogeneous sandy siltstone. Bed contacts are generally planar to undulatory and are either horizontal or are characterized by gentle relief. Loessite beds are separated by common claystone drapes and weakly developed paleosols, and by rare pond deposits, channel deposits, and eolian-ripple-laminated deposits. The loess interpretation is based on 1) the homogeneity and dominance of the sandy silt grain-size; 2) the relative lack of primary sedimentary structures; 3) the gentle character of most bedding contacts and the common mantling of irregular depositional topography; 4) the inferred paleogeographic setting; and 5) the absence of suitable alternative interpretations. The loessite grades laterally into mixed fluvial-eolian deposits of the Maroon Formation in the main part of Eagle Basin, which served as the loessite sediment source. Deposition of the Maroon Formation was probably strongly affected by cyclic climatic changes synchronous with fluctuations in late Paleozoic continental ice sheets. The paleogeography and paleoclimatology of the Maroon Formation depositional system are not unique, suggesting that there are probably many other ancient loessites that have gone unrecognized.

","language":"English","publisher":"SEPM","doi":"10.1306/212F9070-2B24-11D7-8648000102C1865D","issn":"00224472","usgsCitation":"Johnson, S.Y., 1989, Significance of loessite in the Maroon Formation (Middle Pennsylvanian to Lower Permian), Eagle Basin, northwest Colorado: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 59, no. 5, p. 782-791, https://doi.org/10.1306/212F9070-2B24-11D7-8648000102C1865D.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"782","endPage":"791","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224184,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"59","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8f18e4b08c986b318d11","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, S. Y.","contributorId":48572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70015686,"text":"70015686 - 1989 - Spatial and temporal variability in South San Francisco Bay (USA). II. Temporal changes in salinity, suspended sediments, and phytoplankton biomass and productivity over tidal time scales","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-05T17:40:19.323209","indexId":"70015686","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1587,"text":"Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial and temporal variability in South San Francisco Bay (USA). II. Temporal changes in salinity, suspended sediments, and phytoplankton biomass and productivity over tidal time scales","docAbstract":"

Short-term variability of a conservative quantity (salinity) and two nonconservative quantities (chlorophyll a, suspended particulate matter) was measured across a sampling grid in the South San Francisco Bay estuary. Surface measurements were made every 2 h at each of 29 (or 38) sites, on four different dates representing a range of tidal current regimes over the neap-spring cycle. From the distribution of phytoplankton biomass (chlorophyll a) and turbidity (SPM), we also estimated daily productivity and its variability at each site over the four tide cycles. As a general rule, both chlorophyll a and SPM concentrations varied about 50% from their tidal-means. However derived daily productivity varied less (about 15% from the mean) over a tidal cycle. Both chlorophyll a and SPM varied periodically with tidal stage (increasing on ebbing currents), suggesting that the short-term variability results simply from the tidal advection of spatial gradients. Calculation of the advective flux (current speed times spatial gradient) was used to test this hypothesis. For surface salinity, most (70–80%) of the observed intratidal variability was correlated with the tidal flux, both in the deep channel and over the lateral shoals. However the short-term variability of SPM concentration was only weakly correlated with the advective flux, indicating that local sources of SPM (resuspension) are important. Hourly changes in chlorophyll a were highly correlated with the advective flux in the deep channel (implying that phytoplankton biomass is conservative over short time scales there); however, chlorophyll a variability was only weakly correlated with the advective flux over the shoals, implying that local sources/sinks are important there. Hence, the magnitude and mechanisms of intratidal variability differ among constituents and among bathymetric regimes in this estuary.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0272-7714(89)90049-8","issn":"02727714","usgsCitation":"Cloern, J., Powell, T., and Huzzey, L., 1989, Spatial and temporal variability in South San Francisco Bay (USA). II. Temporal changes in salinity, suspended sediments, and phytoplankton biomass and productivity over tidal time scales: Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, v. 28, no. 6, p. 599-613, https://doi.org/10.1016/0272-7714(89)90049-8.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"599","endPage":"613","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":223949,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.13179715269598,\n 37.59951677754732\n ],\n [\n -122.14374468344705,\n 37.661695690463034\n ],\n [\n -122.18812122623602,\n 37.715722012535664\n ],\n [\n -122.20006875698668,\n 37.75081801243701\n ],\n [\n -122.21201628773775,\n 37.7751054969804\n ],\n [\n -122.27346073159953,\n 37.80343081454521\n ],\n [\n -122.32978480513957,\n 37.81287017405491\n ],\n [\n -122.41171073028816,\n 37.80343081454521\n ],\n [\n -122.39634961932303,\n 37.78724624831045\n ],\n [\n -122.39805640943027,\n 37.76431204401011\n ],\n [\n -122.38610887867921,\n 37.73732151963344\n ],\n [\n -122.39976319953752,\n 37.715722012535664\n ],\n [\n -122.39805640943027,\n 37.681960173356075\n ],\n [\n -122.38952245889367,\n 37.65629089380516\n ],\n [\n -122.41000394018093,\n 37.65088570368847\n ],\n [\n -122.38440208857196,\n 37.60898214171742\n ],\n [\n -122.35880023696299,\n 37.585992739598055\n ],\n [\n -122.3280780150319,\n 37.58058243629341\n ],\n [\n -122.27175394149228,\n 37.53051849387157\n ],\n [\n -122.23079097891778,\n 37.49260991432824\n ],\n [\n -122.13862431312492,\n 37.49260991432824\n ],\n [\n -122.13009036258873,\n 37.461456322796096\n ],\n [\n -122.10619530108703,\n 37.43028974602336\n ],\n [\n -122.04987122754697,\n 37.41809059511671\n ],\n [\n -121.9781860430418,\n 37.4086009925654\n ],\n [\n -121.96794530239795,\n 37.43028974602336\n ],\n [\n -121.95087740132558,\n 37.42757899536802\n ],\n [\n -121.92356875960897,\n 37.445197119977934\n ],\n [\n -121.92868912993069,\n 37.47229382763375\n ],\n [\n -121.95941135186177,\n 37.489901421947366\n ],\n [\n -122.0106150550797,\n 37.510212720683285\n ],\n [\n -122.04304406711802,\n 37.50479691458642\n ],\n [\n -122.07035270883422,\n 37.506150902946544\n ],\n [\n -122.04987122754697,\n 37.52104315407374\n ],\n [\n -122.07035270883422,\n 37.5372858568536\n ],\n [\n -122.07717986926357,\n 37.557584261016714\n ],\n [\n -122.0737662890487,\n 37.577877137195514\n ],\n [\n -122.08912740001423,\n 37.60357350966791\n ],\n [\n -122.13179715269598,\n 37.59951677754732\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"28","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b944ee4b08c986b31a9c0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cloern, J. E.","contributorId":59453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cloern","given":"J. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Powell, T.M.","contributorId":88090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"T.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Huzzey, L.M.","contributorId":38287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huzzey","given":"L.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70015494,"text":"70015494 - 1989 - Subsurface temperatures and surface heat flow in the Michigan Basin and their relationships to regional subsurface fluid movement","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-01T15:28:15","indexId":"70015494","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2682,"text":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Subsurface temperatures and surface heat flow in the Michigan Basin and their relationships to regional subsurface fluid movement","docAbstract":"Linear regression of 405 bottomhole temperature (BHT) measurements vs. associated depths from Michigan's Lower Peninsula results in the following equation relating BHT and depth: BHT(??C) = 14.5 + 0.0192 ?? depth(m) Temperature residuals, defined as (BHT measured)-(BHT calculated), were determined for each of the 405 BHT's. Areas of positive temperature residuals correspond to areas of regional groundwater discharge (determined from maps of equipotential surface) while areas of negative temperature residuals correspond to areas of regional groundwater recharge. These relationships are observed in the principal aquifers in rocks of Devonian and Ordovician age and in a portion of the principal aquifer in rocks of Silurian age. There is a similar correspondence between high surface heat flow (determined using the silica geothermometer) and regional groundwater discharge areas and low surface heat flow and regional groundwater recharge areas. Post-Jurassic depositional and tectonic histories suggest that the observed coupling of subsurface temperature and groundwater flow systems may have persisted since Jurassic time. Thus the higher subsurface palaeotemperatures (and palaeogeothermal gradients) indicated by recent studies most likely pre-date the Jurassic. ?? 1989.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0264-8172(89)90076-7","issn":"02648172","usgsCitation":"Vugrinovich, R., 1989, Subsurface temperatures and surface heat flow in the Michigan Basin and their relationships to regional subsurface fluid movement: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 6, no. 1, p. 60-70, https://doi.org/10.1016/0264-8172(89)90076-7.","startPage":"60","endPage":"70","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":268651,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0264-8172(89)90076-7"},{"id":224097,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9d91e4b08c986b31d90f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vugrinovich, R.","contributorId":82065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vugrinovich","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70015493,"text":"70015493 - 1989 - An attempt to obtain a detailed declination chart from the United States magnetic anomaly map","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-25T00:01:59.034376","indexId":"70015493","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2310,"text":"Journal of Geomagnetism & Geoelectricity","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An attempt to obtain a detailed declination chart from the United States magnetic anomaly map","docAbstract":"

Modern declination charts of the United States show almost no details. Greater detail may be of value to surveyors trying to follow old land deed descriptions, or to pilots of small planes or small pleasure boats operating in inland waterways. It would be extremely expensive to make adequate declination measurements needed for such a chart. It was hoped that declination details could be derived from the information contained in the existing magnetic anomaly map of the United States. This could be realized only if all of the survey data were corrected to a common epoch, at which time a main-field vector model was known, before the anomaly values were computed. Because this was not done, accurate declination values cannot be determined. In spite of this conclusion, declination values were computed using a common main-field model for the entire United States to see how well they compared with observed values. The provisional geomagnetic reference field for 1978.5 was used as the main-field model. The computed detailed declination values were found to compare less favorably with observed values of declination than declination values computed from the IGRF 1985 model itself. This result indicates that the computed anomaly elements or their combination with main-field values cannot be used as accurate anomaly values, but they may be used as an indication of where anomalies probably occur.



","language":"English","publisher":"J-STAGE","doi":"10.5636/jgg.41.549","usgsCitation":"Alldredge, L., 1989, An attempt to obtain a detailed declination chart from the United States magnetic anomaly map: Journal of Geomagnetism & Geoelectricity, v. 41, no. 6, p. 549-563, https://doi.org/10.5636/jgg.41.549.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"549","endPage":"563","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":479884,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5636/jgg.41.549","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":224096,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"41","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ea1ee4b0c8380cd48642","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alldredge, L.R.","contributorId":53457,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alldredge","given":"L.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70015074,"text":"70015074 - 1989 - Igneous history of the Koyukuk terrane, western Alaska: Constraints on the origin, evolution, and ultimate collision of an accreted island arc terrane","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-30T16:13:49.827716","indexId":"70015074","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6453,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Igneous history of the Koyukuk terrane, western Alaska: Constraints on the origin, evolution, and ultimate collision of an accreted island arc terrane","docAbstract":"

The Koyukuk terrane of western Alaska consists of volcanic, volcaniclastic, and plutonic rocks which range from Late Paleozoic to Early Cretaceous in age. The terrane crops out in a U-shaped belt which is roughly paralleled by outer belts of ultramafic rocks, oceanic plate basalts and cherts, and retrograded blueschist facies rocks of continental protolith. These rocks have been interpreted as components of a volcanic arc terrane that collided with the North American continental margin in Early Cretaceous time. The Koyukuk terrane consists of four time-stratigraphic units: (1) pre-Middle Jurassic basalts, (2) Middle and Late Jurassic granitic rocks, (3) lower Lower Cretaceous volcanic rocks, and (4) upper Lower Cretaceous volcanic rocks. Limited chemical data from the basalts of unit 1 indicate that they were erupted in a nonarc tectonic environment, possibly in an oceanic island or back arc setting. Units 2, 3, and 4 have the characteristics of subduction-related volcanic rocks (i.e., depleted Nb and Ta and enriched alkaline elements, relative to the light rare earth elements). Unit 3 contains tholeiitic, calc-alkaline, and alkaline rocks with chondrite-normalized rare earth element patterns that range from flat (LaN/YbN = 1) to highly light rare earth element enriched (LaN/YbN > 15). The highly alkaline or shoshonitic lavas were erupted toward the end of unit 3 time (Valanginian) during the final stages of arc-continent collision. These alkaline lavas could have been derived by very small degrees of partial melting of a similar source to that of the earlier arc lavas. Unit 4 lavas are also alkaline or shoshonitic, but their incompatible element composition indicates that they were derived from a different source than that of the earlier arc lavas. These late alkaline lavas are chemically similar to crosscutting mid-Cretaceous plutons whose isotopic compositions (Arth et al., this issue (a)) suggest derivation by partial melting of distinctly older subcontinental lithosphere. We speculate that the parental magmas of unit 4 lavas may also have been derived by partial melting of this subcontinental mantle which was underthrust beneath the Koyukuk arc terrane during the final stage of arc-continent collision.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB094iB11p15843","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Box, S.E., and Patton, W.W., 1989, Igneous history of the Koyukuk terrane, western Alaska: Constraints on the origin, evolution, and ultimate collision of an accreted island arc terrane: Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, v. 94, no. B11, p. 15843-15867, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB094iB11p15843.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"15843","endPage":"15867","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224401,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"94","issue":"B11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3865e4b0c8380cd6155b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Box, S. E.","contributorId":38567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Box","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Patton, W. W. Jr.","contributorId":11231,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patton","given":"W.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015680,"text":"70015680 - 1989 - Introduction to the hydrogeochemical investigations within the International Stripa Project","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-03T16:43:47.659437","indexId":"70015680","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Introduction to the hydrogeochemical investigations within the International Stripa Project","docAbstract":"The International Stripa Project (1980-1990) has sponsored hydrogeochemical investigations at several subsurface drillholes in the granitic portion of an abandoned iron ore mine, central Sweden. The purpose has been to advance our understanding of geochemical processes in crystalline bedrock that may affect the safety assessment of high-level radioactive waste repositories. More than a dozen investigators have collected close to a thousand water and gas samples for chemical and isotopic analyses to develop concepts for the behavior of solutes in a granitic repository environment. The Stripa granite is highly radioactive and has provided an exceptional opportunity to study the behavior of natural radionuclides, especially subsurface production. Extensive microfracturing, low permeability with isolated fracture zones of high permeability, unusual water chemistry, and a typical granitic mineral assemblage with thin veins and fracture coatings of calcite, chlorite, seriate, epidote and quartz characterize the site. Preliminary groundwater flow modeling indicates that the mine has perturbed the flow environment to a depth of about 3 km and may have induced deep groundwaters to flow into the mine. ?? 1989.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(89)90293-7","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Nordstrom, D.K., Olsson, T., Carlsson, L., and Fritz, P., 1989, Introduction to the hydrogeochemical investigations within the International Stripa Project: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 53, no. 8, p. 1717-1726, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(89)90293-7.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1717","endPage":"1726","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223783,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"53","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3dfce4b0c8380cd639f4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nordstrom, D. Kirk 0000-0003-3283-5136 dkn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-5136","contributorId":749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordstrom","given":"D.","email":"dkn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Kirk","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":371512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Olsson, T.","contributorId":102636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olsson","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carlsson, L.","contributorId":28376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlsson","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fritz, P.","contributorId":83673,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fritz","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}