{"pageNumber":"4183","pageRowStart":"104550","pageSize":"25","recordCount":165969,"records":[{"id":70015359,"text":"70015359 - 1989 - Teleseismically recorded seismicity before and after the May 7, 1986, Andreanof Islands, Alaska, earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-30T15:56:49.003345","indexId":"70015359","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6453,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Teleseismically recorded seismicity before and after the May 7, 1986, Andreanof Islands, Alaska, earthquake","docAbstract":"

The May 7, 1986, Andreanof Islands earthquake (Mw 8.0) is the largest event to have occurred in that section of the Aleutian arc since the March 9, 1957, Aleutian Islands earthquake (Mw 8.6). Teleseismically well-recorded earthquakes in the region of the 1986 earthquake are relocated with a plate model and with careful attention to the focal depths. The data set is nearly complete for mb≥4.7 between longitudes 172°W and 179°W for the period 1964 through April 1987 and provides a detailed description of the space-time history of moderate-size earthquakes in the region for that period. Additional insight is provided by source parameters which have been systematically determined for Mw≥5 earthquakes that occurred in the region since 1977 and by a modeling study of the spatial distribution of moment release on the mainshock fault plane. A technically significant component of oblique convergence in the central Aleutian arc results in its breakup into clockwiserotating and westward translating blocks. The western part of the Andreanof block is distinct from and stronger than flanking regions. The greater strength of this block segment and strong coupling along the main thrust zone result in the accumulation of high levels of shear stress, which give rise to great earthquakes near its eastern boundary. The occurrence of the 1986 rupture only 29 years after the 1957 earthquake may indicate that in the central Aleutians M 7+ earthquakes ordinarily do represent the predominant mode of strain release. Segmentation of the main thrust zone into upper and lower planes is supported by spatial and temporal patterns of seismicity and by focal mechanism data. This and other lines of evidence indicate a downdip increase in fault strength and possibly in heterogeneity within the main thrust zone in subduction zone environments. Aftershocks of the 1986 earthquake were bounded to the west by the Andreanof block boundary (Adak Canyon) and to the east by an aseismic segment of the main thrust zone near the subducted extension of the Amlia fracture zone. The aftershock distribution was bounded to the south by a forearc shear zone and to the north by the base of the main thrust zone in the Hawley Ridge segment and by the downdip edge of the upper plane of the main thrust zone in the eastern segment. Aftershocks which occurred near the volcanic line at shallow crustal depths in the upper plate were triggered by the mainshock and manifest a partial decoupling of oblique slip in this region along a west-striking right-lateral fault with low shear strength. Aftershock clustering along the main thrust zone was very similar to the distribution of prior seismicity, suggesting a continuation of long-term processes and the existence of areas with distinct mechanical properties. Interconnecting regions of low seismicity during both the premainshock and aftershock periods coincided with areas of major moment release during the mainshock. Seismicity data prior to the 1986 mainshock gave few clues about the location of the mainshock nucleation point, the mainshock size, and its time of occurrence. However, a large part of the mainshock moment release did coincide with a zone of seismic quiescence monitored by the Adak local seismograph network.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB094iB11p15481","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Engdahl, E., Billington, S., and Kisslinger, C., 1989, Teleseismically recorded seismicity before and after the May 7, 1986, Andreanof Islands, Alaska, earthquake: Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, v. 94, no. B11, p. 15481-15498, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB094iB11p15481.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"15481","endPage":"15498","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224365,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"94","issue":"B11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba4a5e4b08c986b3204b0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Engdahl, E.R.","contributorId":22906,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engdahl","given":"E.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Billington, S.","contributorId":75925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Billington","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kisslinger, C.","contributorId":40859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kisslinger","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70015351,"text":"70015351 - 1989 - Geochemistry of intrusive rocks associated with the Latir volcanic field, New Mexico, and contrasts between evolution of plutonic and volcanic rocks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:54","indexId":"70015351","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1336,"text":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemistry of intrusive rocks associated with the Latir volcanic field, New Mexico, and contrasts between evolution of plutonic and volcanic rocks","docAbstract":"Plutonic rocks associated with the Latir volcanic field comprise three groups: 1) ???25 Ma high-level resurgent plutons composed of monzogranite and silicic metaluminous and peralkaline granite, 2) 23-25 Ma syenogranite, and alkali-feldspar granite intrusions emplaced along the southern caldera margin, and 3) 19-23 Ma granodiorite and granite plutons emplaced south of the caldera. Major-element compositions of both extrusive and intrusive suites in the Latir field are broadly similar; both suites include high-SiO2 rocks with low Ba and Sr, and high Rb, Nb, Th, and U contents. Moreover, both intermediateto siliciccomposition volcanic and plutonic rocks contain abundant accessory sphene and apatite, rich in rare-earth elements (REE), as well as phases in which REE's are essential components. Strong depletion in Y and REE contents, with increasing SiO2 content, in the plutonic rocks indicate a major role for accessory mineral fractionation that is not observed in volcanic rocks of equivalent composition. Considerations of the rheology of granitic magma suggest that accessory-mineral fractionation may occur primarily by filter-pressing evolved magmas from crystal-rich melts. More limited accessory-mineral crystallization and fractionation during evolution of the volcanic magmas may have resulted from markedly lower diffusivities of essential trace elements than major elements. Accessory-mineral fractionation probably becomes most significant at high crystallinities. The contrast in crystallization environments postulated for the extrusive and intrusive rocks may be common to other magmatic systems; the effects are particularly pronounced in highly evolved rocks of the Latir field. High-SiO2 peralkaline porphyry emplaced during resurgence of the Questa caldera represents non-erupted portions of the magma that produced the Amalia Tuff during caldera-forming eruption. The peralkaline porphyry continues compositional and mineralogical trends found in the tuff. Amphibole, mica, and sphene compositions suggest that the peralkaline magma evolved from metaluminous magma. Extensive feldspar fractionation occurred during evolution of the peralkaline magmas, but additional alkali and iron enrichment was likely a result of high halogen fluxes from crystallizing plutons and basaltic magmas at depth. ?? 1989 Springer-Verlag.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF00371367","issn":"00107999","usgsCitation":"Johnson, C., Czamanske, G., and Lipman, P.W., 1989, Geochemistry of intrusive rocks associated with the Latir volcanic field, New Mexico, and contrasts between evolution of plutonic and volcanic rocks: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 103, no. 1, p. 90-109, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00371367.","startPage":"90","endPage":"109","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205461,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00371367"},{"id":224250,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"103","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a16fee4b0c8380cd55344","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, C.M.","contributorId":78707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Czamanske, G.K.","contributorId":26300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Czamanske","given":"G.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lipman, P. W.","contributorId":93470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lipman","given":"P.","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70015350,"text":"70015350 - 1989 - Urban watershed data for the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:53","indexId":"70015350","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Urban watershed data for the United States","docAbstract":"The contents of an urban watershed data base compiled for a national urban flood-frequency study by the U.S. Geological Survey are described. The data base includes information for 269 urbanized watersheds in 56 metropolitan areas in 31 states in the continental United States and Hawaii.","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the 1989 National Conference on Hydraulic Engineering","conferenceDate":"14 August 1989 through 18 August 1989","conferenceLocation":"New Orleans, LA, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Publ by ASCE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, United States","isbn":"0872627195","usgsCitation":"Fulford, J.M., 1989, Urban watershed data for the United States, Proceedings of the 1989 National Conference on Hydraulic Engineering, New Orleans, LA, USA, 14 August 1989 through 18 August 1989, p. 522-527.","startPage":"522","endPage":"527","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224249,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbe1ae4b08c986b329401","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fulford, Janice M. jfulford@usgs.gov","contributorId":991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fulford","given":"Janice","email":"jfulford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":370709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70015349,"text":"70015349 - 1989 - Spectral characteristics of chlorites and Mg‐serpentines using high‐resolution reflectance spectroscopy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-06T15:35:30.943306","indexId":"70015349","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7167,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spectral characteristics of chlorites and Mg‐serpentines using high‐resolution reflectance spectroscopy","docAbstract":"

The present laboratory study using high‐resolution reflectance spectroscopy (0.25–2.7 μm) focuses on two primary phyllosilicate groups, serpentines and chlorites. The results show that it is possible to spectrally distinguish between isochemical end‐members of the Mg‐rich serpentine group (chrysotile, antigorite, and lizardite) and to recognize spectral variations in chlorites as a function of Fe/Mg ratio (∼8–38 wt % Fe). The position and relative strength of the 1.4‐μm absorption feature in the trioctahedral chlorites appear to be correlated to the total iron content and/or the Mg/Si ratio and the loss on ignition values of the sample. Spectral differences in the 2.3‐μm wavelength region can be attributed to differences in lattice environments and are characteristic for specific trioctahedral chlorites. The 1.4‐μm feature in the isochemical Mg‐rich serpentines (total iron content ∼1.5–7.0 wt%) show marked spectral differences, apparently due to structural differences.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB094iB10p13997","usgsCitation":"King, T.V., and Clark, R.N., 1989, Spectral characteristics of chlorites and Mg‐serpentines using high‐resolution reflectance spectroscopy: Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, v. 94, no. B10, p. 13997-14008, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB094iB10p13997.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"13997","endPage":"14008","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":224200,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"94","issue":"B10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9538e4b08c986b31ade9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"King, T. V. V.","contributorId":6192,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"V. V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clark, Roger N. 0000-0002-7021-1220 rclark@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7021-1220","contributorId":515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Roger","email":"rclark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":370708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015348,"text":"70015348 - 1989 - History of the Federal Interagency Sedimentation Project","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:54","indexId":"70015348","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"History of the Federal Interagency Sedimentation Project","docAbstract":"Since 1939, the date of the Project's inception, the team has operated under the direction of two lead agencies - the U.S. Geological Survey and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. The supporting agencies are the Agricultural Research Service, Bureau of Reclamation, U.S. Forest Service, Bureau of Land Management, Federal Highway Administration, and the Tennessee Valley Authority. Overall direction of the Project rests with the Subcommittee on Sedimentation, Interagency Advisory Committee on Water Data. The Project's goals focus on improving and maintaining the quality of fluvial sediment data by (1) developing sediment samplers, laboratory analyzers, and automatic gages (2) evaluating methods, (3) standardizing equipment and methods and (4) procuring, calibrating and selling equipment.","conferenceTitle":"Sediment Transport Modeling: Proceedings of the International Symposium","conferenceDate":"14 August 1989 through 18 August 1989","conferenceLocation":"New Orleans, LA, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Publ by ASCE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, United States","isbn":"0872627187","usgsCitation":"Skinner, J.V., 1989, History of the Federal Interagency Sedimentation Project, Sediment Transport Modeling: Proceedings of the International Symposium, New Orleans, LA, USA, 14 August 1989 through 18 August 1989, p. 266-271.","startPage":"266","endPage":"271","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224199,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a31c5e4b0c8380cd5e1fe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Skinner, John V.","contributorId":25297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skinner","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70015347,"text":"70015347 - 1989 - Geologic framework of the offshore region adjacent to Delaware","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-11T11:08:39.667976","indexId":"70015347","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geologic framework of the offshore region adjacent to Delaware","docAbstract":"
Several multichannel, common depth point (CDP) seismic reflection profiles concentrated in the area of the entrance to Delaware Bay provide a tie between the known onshore geology of the Coastal Plain of Delaware and the offshore geology of the Baltimore Canyon Trough. The data provide a basis for understanding the geologic framework and petroleum resource potential of the area immediately offshore Delaware.

Our research has focused on buried early Mesozoic rift basins and their geologic history. Assuming that the buried basins are analogous to the exposed Newark Supergroup basins of Late Triassic-Early Jurassic age, the most likely possibility for occurrence of hydrocarbon source beds in the area of the landward margin of the Baltimore Canyon Trough is presumed to be lacustrine, organic-rich shales probably present in the basins. Although buried basins mapped offshore Delaware are within reach of drilling, no holes have been drilled to date; therefore, direct knowledge of source, reservoir, and sealing beds is absent.

Buried rift basins offshore Delaware show axial trends ranging from NW-SE to NNE-SSW. Seismic reflection profiles are too widely spaced to delineate basin boundaries accurately. Isopleths of two-way travel time representing basin fill suggest that, structurally, the basins are grabens and half-grabens. As shown on seismic reflection profiles, bounding faults of the basins intersect or merge with low-angle fault surfaces that cut the pre-Mesozoic basement. The rift basins appear to have formed by Mesozoic extension that resulted in reverse motion on reactivated basement thrust faults that originated from compressional tectonics during the Paleozoic.
Computer-plotted structure contour maps derived from analysis of seismic reflection profiles provide information on the burial history of the rift basins. The postrift unconformity bevels the rift basins and, in the offshore area mapped, ranges from 2000 to 12,000 m below present sea level. The oldest postrift sediments that cover the more deeply buried rift basins are estimated to be of Middle Jurassic age (Bajocian-Bathonian), the probable time of opening of the Atlantic Ocean basin and onset of continental drift about 175–180 m.y. ago. By late Oxfordian-early Kimmeridgian time, the less deeply buried basins nearshore Delaware had been covered. A time-temperature index of maturity plot of one of the basins indicates that only dry gas would be present in reservoirs in synrift rocks buried by more than 6000 m of postrift sediments and in the oldest (Bathonian?-Callovian?) postrift rocks. Less deeply buried synrift rocks landward of the basin modeled might still be within the oil generation window.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0025-3227(89)90119-9","issn":"00253227","usgsCitation":"Benson, R., and Roberts, J., 1989, Geologic framework of the offshore region adjacent to Delaware: Marine Geology, v. 90, no. 1-2, p. 103-111, https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(89)90119-9.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"103","endPage":"111","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224198,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"90","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1971e4b0c8380cd559bb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Benson, R.N.","contributorId":46227,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benson","given":"R.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roberts, J.H.","contributorId":84483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roberts","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015344,"text":"70015344 - 1989 - State and local response to damaging land subsidence in United States urban areas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-14T15:33:11","indexId":"70015344","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1517,"text":"Engineering Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"State and local response to damaging land subsidence in United States urban areas","docAbstract":"

Land subsidence caused by man-induced depressuring of underground reservoirs has occurred in at least nine urban areas in the United States. Significant efforts to control it have been made in three areas: Long Beach, California; Houston-Galveston, Texas; and Santa Clara Valley, California. In these areas coastal flooding and its control cost more than $300 million. Institutional changes were required in each area to ameliorate its subsidence problem.

In Long Beach and Houston Galveston, efforts were made to mitigate subsidence only after significant flood damage had occurred. To arrest subsidence at Long Beach, the city lobbied for a special state law, the California Subsidence Act, that required unitization and repressuring of the Wilmington oil field. In the Houston-Galveston region, the Texas State Legislature authorized formation of the Harris-Galveston Coastal Subsidence District with authority to regulate groundwater pumping by permit. This solution, which was achieved through efforts of entities affected by subsidence, was the product of a series of compromises necessitated by political fragmentation and disjointed water planning in the region. Amelioration of subsidence in the Santa Clara Valley was a collateral benefit from the effort by water users to curtail ground-water overdraft in the valley. Importation of surface water and a tax on ground-water pumpage reduced ground-water use, thereby allowing the recovery of water level and the arresting of subsidence.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0013-7952(89)90041-0","issn":"00137952","usgsCitation":"Holzer, T., 1989, State and local response to damaging land subsidence in United States urban areas: Engineering Geology, v. 27, no. 1-4, p. 449-466, https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-7952(89)90041-0.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"449","endPage":"466","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224147,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, California, Georgia, Louisiana, Nevada, Texas","city":"Baldwin Hills, Baton Rouge, Houston-Galveston, Las Vegas, Long Beach, New Orleans, Phoenix, Santa Clara Valley, Savannah","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.891845703125,\n 32.50049648924482\n ],\n [\n -90.3076171875,\n 31.316101383495624\n ],\n [\n -93.6474609375,\n 30.44867367928756\n ],\n [\n -97.734375,\n 30.44867367928756\n ],\n [\n -106.34765625,\n 33.17434155100208\n ],\n [\n -113.02734374999999,\n 35.24561909420681\n ],\n [\n -115.3564453125,\n 37.87485339352928\n ],\n [\n -116.74072265625,\n 38.28993659801203\n ],\n [\n -119.72900390625001,\n 38.8225909761771\n ],\n [\n -120.73974609374999,\n 38.75408327579141\n ],\n [\n -121.57470703125,\n 38.53097889440024\n ],\n [\n -122.23388671874999,\n 38.25543637637947\n ],\n [\n -122.51953124999999,\n 37.87485339352928\n ],\n [\n -122.51953124999999,\n 37.50972584293751\n ],\n [\n -122.32177734375,\n 37.19533058280065\n ],\n [\n -121.904296875,\n 37.020098201368114\n ],\n [\n -122.03613281249999,\n 36.527294814546245\n ],\n [\n -121.46484375,\n 36.01356058518153\n ],\n [\n -120.84960937499999,\n 35.191766965947394\n ],\n [\n -119.35546875000001,\n 34.34343606848294\n ],\n [\n -111.24755859375,\n 32.676372772089834\n ],\n [\n -106.45751953125,\n 31.840232667909365\n ],\n [\n -105.88623046874999,\n 31.409912194070973\n ],\n [\n -102.3486328125,\n 30.107117887092357\n ],\n [\n -97.31689453125,\n 28.34306490482549\n ],\n [\n -95.712890625,\n 28.420391085674304\n ],\n [\n -93.7353515625,\n 29.34387539941801\n ],\n [\n -89.27490234375,\n 28.806173508854776\n ],\n [\n -88.6376953125,\n 29.11377539511439\n ],\n [\n -88.72558593749999,\n 30.06909396443887\n ],\n [\n -87.5390625,\n 30.996445897426373\n ],\n [\n -85.3857421875,\n 31.015278981711266\n ],\n [\n -84.13330078125,\n 30.95876857077987\n ],\n [\n -81.97998046875,\n 30.826780904779774\n ],\n [\n -81.474609375,\n 30.65681556429287\n ],\n [\n -80.980224609375,\n 31.325486676506983\n ],\n [\n -80.68359375,\n 31.89621446335144\n ],\n [\n -80.88134765625,\n 32.287132632616384\n ],\n [\n -81.40869140625,\n 32.80574473290688\n ],\n [\n -82.891845703125,\n 32.50049648924482\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"27","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b96c6e4b08c986b31b6dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holzer, T.L.","contributorId":35739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holzer","given":"T.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70015342,"text":"70015342 - 1989 - Compaction of basin sediments: Modeling based on time-temperature history","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-30T16:01:16.524023","indexId":"70015342","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6453,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Compaction of basin sediments: Modeling based on time-temperature history","docAbstract":"

Porosity decrease of sandstones, carbonates, and shales during burial is modeled here in terms of time-temperature exposure rather than in terms of depth. Loss of porosity (ϕ) in the subsurface is represented by a power function, ϕ = A(M)B, where A and B are constants and M is a measure of integrated time-temperature history. Regression lines of carbonate and sandstone porosity upon Lopatin's time-temperature index of thermal maturity (TTI) generally fall within a rather narrow envelope whose axis is approximated by ϕ = 30(TTI)−0.33. This equation is useful for regional modeling of carbonate and sandstone compaction. Dependence of porosity upon integrated time-temperature history implies that basin sediments are not in equilibrium but compact through geologic time. Calculations show that subsidence resulting from the loss of porosity with increasing time-temperature exposure (as opposed to deeper burial) can produce a second-stage, passively formed basin containing many hundreds of meters of sediments.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB094iB06p07379","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Schmoker, J., and Gautier, D.L., 1989, Compaction of basin sediments: Modeling based on time-temperature history: Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, v. 94, no. B6, p. 7379-7386, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB094iB06p07379.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"7379","endPage":"7386","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224088,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"94","issue":"B6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f80de4b0c8380cd4ce5a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmoker, J. W.","contributorId":69964,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmoker","given":"J. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gautier, D. L.","contributorId":69996,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gautier","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015341,"text":"70015341 - 1989 - Evidence for an Early Archean component in the Middle to Late Archean gneisses of the Wind River Range, west-central Wyoming: conventional and ion microprobe U-Pb data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:55","indexId":"70015341","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1336,"text":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence for an Early Archean component in the Middle to Late Archean gneisses of the Wind River Range, west-central Wyoming: conventional and ion microprobe U-Pb data","docAbstract":"Gneissic rocks that are basement to the Late Archean granites comprising much of the Wind River Range, west-central Wyoming, have been dated by the zircon U-Pb method using both conventional and ion microprobe techniques. A foliated hornblende granite gneiss member from the southern border of the Bridger batholith is 2670??13 Ma. Zircons from a granulite just north of the Bridger batholith are equant and faceted, a typical morphology for zircon grown under high grade metamorphic conditions. This granulite, which may be related to a second phase of migmatization in the area, is 2698??8 Ma. South of the Bridger batholith, zircons from a granulite (charnockite), which is related to an earlier phase of migmatization in the Range, yield a discordia with intercept ages of about 2.3 and 3.3 Ga. However, ion microprobe analyses of single zircon grains indicate that this rock contains several populations of zircon, ranging in age from 2.67 to about 3.8 Ga. Based on zircon morphology and regional geologic relationships, we interpret the data as indicating an age of ???3.2 Ga for the first granulite metamorphism and migmatization. Older, possibly xenocrystic zircons give ages of ???3.35, 3.65 and ???3.8 Ga. Younger zircons grew at 2.7 and 2.85 Ga in response to events, including the second granulite metamorphism at 2.7 Ga, that culminated in the intrusion of the Bridger batholith and migmatization at 2.67 Ga. These data support the field and petrographic evidence for two granulite events and provide some temporal constraints for the formation of continental crust in the Early and Middle Archean in the Wyoming Province. ?? 1989 Springer-Verlag.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF00375306","issn":"00107999","usgsCitation":"Aleinikoff, J.N., Williams, I., Compston, W., Stuckless, J., and Worl, R.G., 1989, Evidence for an Early Archean component in the Middle to Late Archean gneisses of the Wind River Range, west-central Wyoming: conventional and ion microprobe U-Pb data: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 101, no. 2, p. 198-206, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00375306.","startPage":"198","endPage":"206","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205441,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00375306"},{"id":224087,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"101","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0d34e4b0c8380cd52e96","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aleinikoff, J. N. 0000-0003-3494-6841","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3494-6841","contributorId":75132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aleinikoff","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, I.S.","contributorId":20094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"I.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Compston, W.","contributorId":36691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Compston","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stuckless, J. S.","contributorId":6060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stuckless","given":"J. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Worl, R. G.","contributorId":13984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Worl","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70015339,"text":"70015339 - 1989 - Geochemistry of placer gold, Koyukuk-Chandalar mining district, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-17T23:46:27.46273","indexId":"70015339","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2302,"text":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemistry of placer gold, Koyukuk-Chandalar mining district, Alaska","docAbstract":"

The Koyukuk-Chandalar mining district of the Brooks Range mineral belt in north-central Alaska contains numerous placer gold deposits but few known lode gold sources. Gold grains, collected from 46 placer localities and 6 lode gold sites in the district, were analyzed for Ag and 37 trace elements utilizing direct current-arc optical emission spectroscopy. When possible, several measurements were made on each sample and averaged. Gold content was calculated by the summation of the 38 elements determined and subtracting from 100. The objectives of our study were to characterize the deposits by defining the type and number of distinct geochemical characteristics for the Au, to determine relationships of Au in placer deposits to possible lode sources (placer and lode), to identify possible primary sources of placer gold, and to study processes of placer formation. Interpretation of results emphasize that the Au grains are almost invariably ternary (Au-Ag-Cu) alloys. The average Cu content is 0.040% and the average Ag content and fineness [(Au/Au+Ag)×1,000] are 10.5% and 893 parts per thousand, respectively, for the 46 placer localities.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0375-6742(89)90001-0","issn":"03756742","usgsCitation":"Mosier, E.L., Cathrall, J.B., Antweiler, J., and Tripp, R.B., 1989, Geochemistry of placer gold, Koyukuk-Chandalar mining district, Alaska: Journal of Geochemical Exploration, v. 31, no. 2, p. 97-115, https://doi.org/10.1016/0375-6742(89)90001-0.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"97","endPage":"115","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224032,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a170be4b0c8380cd5536c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mosier, E. L.","contributorId":71537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mosier","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cathrall, J. B.","contributorId":29400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cathrall","given":"J.","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Antweiler, J.C.","contributorId":35722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Antweiler","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tripp, R. B.","contributorId":88707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tripp","given":"R.","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70015337,"text":"70015337 - 1989 - Acadian metamorphism associated with the Lexington batholith, Bingham, Maine","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-08T16:15:48.037703","indexId":"70015337","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":732,"text":"American Journal of Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Acadian metamorphism associated with the Lexington batholith, Bingham, Maine","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Journal of Science","doi":"10.2475/ajs.289.8.945","usgsCitation":"Dickerson, R.P., and Holdaway, M.J., 1989, Acadian metamorphism associated with the Lexington batholith, Bingham, Maine: American Journal of Science, v. 289, no. 8, p. 945-974, https://doi.org/10.2475/ajs.289.8.945.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"945","endPage":"974","numberOfPages":"30","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":489726,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2475/ajs.289.8.945","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":223982,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine","city":"Bingham","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -69.98600112301835,\n 45.113400893092034\n ],\n [\n -69.98600112301835,\n 45.015851085917774\n ],\n [\n -69.78843257851253,\n 45.015851085917774\n ],\n [\n -69.78843257851253,\n 45.113400893092034\n ],\n [\n -69.98600112301835,\n 45.113400893092034\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"289","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e665e4b0c8380cd473ba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dickerson, Robert P.","contributorId":6461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dickerson","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Holdaway, M. J.","contributorId":98047,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holdaway","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015336,"text":"70015336 - 1989 - Age distribution of Serra Geral (Paraná) flood basalts, southern Brazil","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-02T10:02:59","indexId":"70015336","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2462,"text":"Journal of South American Earth Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Age distribution of Serra Geral (Paraná) flood basalts, southern Brazil","docAbstract":"

We evaluated 193 K-Ar ages (10 newly determined) of basaltic and differentiated rocks of the Serra Geral (Paraná) flood-basalt province for indications of magmatism occurring systematically with progressive rifting and complete separation ( ≈130-105 Ma) of South America from Africa. The K-Ar ages represent basalt emplacement between 35° and 19°S covering about 1,200,000 km2. We note that volcanism appears ubiquitous across the province between about 140 and 115 Ma, and that there are no significant age differences within that relate directly to progressive south-to-north tectonism. On the other hand, the oldest samples, about 140–160 Ma, are among those nearest the Brazil coastline (rift margin), perhaps suggesting migration of activity away from the rift with time. Studies of other flood-basalt provinces now indicate short (<3 m.y.) eruption periods, thereby pointing to the need for re-examination of Serra Geral ages by 40Ar-39Ar incremental heating techniques.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0895-9811(89)90012-6","issn":"08959811","usgsCitation":"Fodor, R., McKee, E., and Roisenberg, A., 1989, Age distribution of Serra Geral (Paraná) flood basalts, southern Brazil: Journal of South American Earth Sciences, v. 2, no. 4, p. 343-349, https://doi.org/10.1016/0895-9811(89)90012-6.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"343","endPage":"349","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223981,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e8ebe4b0c8380cd47f8c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fodor, R.V.","contributorId":106638,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fodor","given":"R.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McKee, E.H.","contributorId":20736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKee","given":"E.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Roisenberg, A.","contributorId":91636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roisenberg","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70015334,"text":"70015334 - 1989 - Improved dating of the Pliocene of the eastern South Atlantic using graphic correlation: implications for paleobiogeography and paleoceanography","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:56","indexId":"70015334","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2735,"text":"Micropaleontology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Improved dating of the Pliocene of the eastern South Atlantic using graphic correlation: implications for paleobiogeography and paleoceanography","docAbstract":"Graphic correlation of foraminifer and nannofossil events establishes a high resolution chronology for the Pliocene at Deep Sea Drilling Project Site 532. Coarsely sampled magnetic inclination data are reinterpreted to indicate a complete Pliocene section. The age model suggests mean accumulation rates of 9.5 cm 10-3 yr for the first half of the early Pliocene and 5.8 cm 10-3 yr throughout the later part of the early Pliocene - early Pleistocene. Major upwelling began at the location of Site 532 at 3.2 Ma. Time series analysis indicated a 41 ky cyclicity to the CaCO3 record between 2 and 4.5 Ma. Data support ages of 1.9 Ma for the first appearance of Globorotalia truncatulinoides and approximately isochronous southern hemisphere first appearances for Globorotalia crassaformis (4.70 Ma), Globorotalia puncticulata (4.77 Ma), and Globorotalia inflata (3.68 Ma). -Author","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Micropaleontology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00262803","usgsCitation":"Dowsett, H., 1989, Improved dating of the Pliocene of the eastern South Atlantic using graphic correlation: implications for paleobiogeography and paleoceanography: Micropaleontology, v. 35, no. 3, p. 279-292.","startPage":"279","endPage":"292","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223979,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3955e4b0c8380cd618ab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dowsett, H.J. 0000-0003-1983-7524","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1983-7524","contributorId":87924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dowsett","given":"H.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70015333,"text":"70015333 - 1989 - The Uranium-trend dating method: Principles and application for southern California marine terrace deposits","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-25T16:31:32","indexId":"70015333","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3217,"text":"Quaternary International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Uranium-trend dating method: Principles and application for southern California marine terrace deposits","docAbstract":"Uranium-trend dating is an open-system method for age estimation of Quaternary sediments, using disequilibrium in the 238U234U230Th decay series. The technique has been applied to alluvium, colluvium, loess, till, and marine sediments. In this study we tested the U-trend dating method on calcareous marine terrace deposits from the Palos Verdes Hills and San Nicolas Island, California. Independent age estimates indicate that terraces in these areas range from ???80 ka to greater than 1.0 Ma. Two low terraces on San Nicolas Island yielded U-trend plots that have a clustered array of points and the ages of these deposits are indeterminate or highly suspect. Middle Pleistocene terraces and one early Pleistocene terrace on San Nicolas Island and all terraces on the Palos Verdes Hills gave reasonably linear U-trend plots and estimated ages that are stratigraphically consistent and in agreement with independent age estimates. We conclude that many marine terrace deposits are suitable for U-trend dating, but U-trend plots must be carefully evaluated and U-trend ages should be consistent with independent geologic control. ?? 1989.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary International","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/1040-6182(89)90006-2","issn":"10406182","usgsCitation":"Muhs, D., Rosholt, J., and Bush, C.A., 1989, The Uranium-trend dating method: Principles and application for southern California marine terrace deposits: Quaternary International, v. 1, no. C, p. 19-34, https://doi.org/10.1016/1040-6182(89)90006-2.","startPage":"19","endPage":"34","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":270042,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1040-6182(89)90006-2"},{"id":223931,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","issue":"C","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba96fe4b08c986b322281","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Muhs, D.R. 0000-0001-7449-251X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7449-251X","contributorId":61460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhs","given":"D.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rosholt, J.N.","contributorId":37749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosholt","given":"J.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bush, C. A.","contributorId":43344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bush","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70015332,"text":"70015332 - 1989 - Solid-state 13C NMR studies of a large fossil gymnosperm from the Yallourn Open Cut, Latrobe Valley, Australia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-14T16:42:38.075412","indexId":"70015332","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2958,"text":"Organic Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Solid-state 13C NMR studies of a large fossil gymnosperm from the Yallourn Open Cut, Latrobe Valley, Australia","docAbstract":"

A series of samples taken from the cross section of a 3-m-diameter fossilized gymnospermous log (Araucariaceae) in the Yallourn Seam of the Australian brown coals was examined by solid state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance to delineate chemical changes related to the combined processes of peatification and coalification. The results show that cellulosic materials were degraded and lost on the periphery of the log, however, the degree of such degradation in the central core is substantially less. The lignin is uniformly altered by coalification reactions to a macromolecular substance displaying decreased aryl ether linkages but significantly greater amounts of carbon linkages compared to modern lignin. Changes in the methoxyl carbon contents of lignin in cross section reveal demethylation reactions, but these do not appear to be related to degree of carbon linking. Both the degredation of cellulosic materials and demethylation of lignin appear to be early diagenetic processes occurring during peatification independently of the coalification reactions.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0146-6380(89)90040-5","usgsCitation":"Bates, A.L., and Hatcher, P.G., 1989, Solid-state 13C NMR studies of a large fossil gymnosperm from the Yallourn Open Cut, Latrobe Valley, Australia: Organic Geochemistry, v. 14, no. 6, p. 609-617, https://doi.org/10.1016/0146-6380(89)90040-5.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"609","endPage":"617","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223930,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Australia","otherGeospatial":"Latrobe Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 146.35800040207124,\n -41.17652071282228\n ],\n [\n 146.35800040207124,\n -41.27583612701346\n ],\n [\n 146.57857131173444,\n -41.27583612701346\n ],\n [\n 146.57857131173444,\n -41.17652071282228\n ],\n [\n 146.35800040207124,\n -41.17652071282228\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"14","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b923be4b08c986b319d90","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bates, Anne L. 0000-0002-4875-4675 abates@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4875-4675","contributorId":2789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bates","given":"Anne","email":"abates@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":370661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hatcher, Patrick G.","contributorId":93625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatcher","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015748,"text":"70015748 - 1989 - Seismic reflection characteristics of glacial and glacimarine sediment in the Gulf of Alaska and adjacent fjords","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-03T11:07:43.672557","indexId":"70015748","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismic reflection characteristics of glacial and glacimarine sediment in the Gulf of Alaska and adjacent fjords","docAbstract":"
Glaciation together with tectonism have been dominant factors affecting sedimentation in the Gulf of Alaska area from at least the late Miocene throughout the Quaternary. The effects of tectonism are apparent in high mountains that border the gulf, raised terraces of Middleton Island and the eastern gulf coastal zone, and numerous active faults and related earthquakes. Glacial evidence includes magnificent glaciers and their onshore deposits, spectacular fjords, large sea valleys incised in the continental shelf, submarine morainal ridges at mouths of bays and sea valleys, and thick glacimarine sedimentary sequences (diamicts) that are exposed onshore and at the sea floor along the outer shelf. Seismic-reflection profiling and sampling of the uppermost marine sedimentary sequences in the Gulf of Alaska and adjacent fjords and bays have allowed identification of three discrete glacially related stratigraphic units. These units were delineated on the basis of seismic signature, geometry, physiographic location, stratigraphic position, and sedimentologic characteristics. The oldest unit, a Quaternary diamict, is portrayed on seismic profiles by irregular, discontinuous reflections. This unit probably includes till, outwash and glacimarine sediment. A geographically restricted unit, one incorporating Holocene end moraines at bay mouths and associated with some sea valleys, consists of jumbled masses of discontinuous reflections and very irregular surface morphology. The youngest unit, a blanket of Holocene sand to clayey silt prograding as a sediment wedge across the shelf, contains nearly horizontal, parallel reflections except where disrupted by mass movement. Although seismic-reflection data alone cannot provide definitive proof of the presence of glacial sediment, when combined with sea-floor sampling, seismic profiling is a powerful tool for determining the continuity of marine sedimentary units and relationships to past and modern glaciers.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0025-3227(89)90161-8","issn":"00253227","usgsCitation":"Carlson, P., 1989, Seismic reflection characteristics of glacial and glacimarine sediment in the Gulf of Alaska and adjacent fjords: Marine Geology, v. 85, no. 2-4, p. 391-416, https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(89)90161-8.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"391","endPage":"416","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224058,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"85","issue":"2-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8b3fe4b08c986b3176cb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carlson, P.R.","contributorId":97055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlson","given":"P.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70015749,"text":"70015749 - 1989 - Microearthquake spectra from the Anza, California, seismic network: Site response and source scaling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-27T11:32:22.931707","indexId":"70015749","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Microearthquake spectra from the Anza, California, seismic network: Site response and source scaling","docAbstract":"

We analyzed spectra of local microearthquakes recorded by the Anza, California, seismic network to isolate the effects of site response and to investigate the scaling of source parameters for small earthquakes. Spectra of microearthquakes (M < 2; Mo < 1019 dyne-cm) at Anza have shapes characteristic of the receiver sites and are generally independent of the source region. Thus, the site response is a major conditioner of the observed spectral shape. To remove the effects of site response from the spectra of a M ∼ 3 event and isolate its source spectrum, we divided by the spectra of an adjacent aftershock used as an empirical Green's function event. The spectral ratios indicate that the apparent corner frequencies of small earthquakes (Mo < 1019dyne-cm) observed at even the high-fmax stations on hard rock are much lower than the source corner frequencies. The spectral ratios are consistent with stress drop remaining constant with decreasing seismic moment, for events with moments as small as 1018 dyne-cm. The spectral ratios display remarkable agreement between sites which showed vast differences in their original spectra, indicating that the spectral division effectively removed the site response. The source spectrum of the M ∼ 3 event has a high-frequency spectral fall-off of about ω−2. An apparent dependence of high-frequency fall-off with seismic moment in the original spectra can also be explained by the effects of site response. The difference between the P- and S-wave corner frequencies and high-frequency roll-offs in the observed spectra for these events is the result of the site response and is not a source property. The shapes of the spectra of microearthquakes at Anza can largely be explained by attenuation at shallow depth with a frequency-independent Q. For some sites, near-surface resonances are also apparent in the spectra of microearthquakes. It is indicated by t* values determined for each site that Qp ∼ Qs for the shallow low-Q layer. Further evidence of low near-surface Q is observed in the anomalous spectra of an unusually shallow earthquake (source depth ∼ 1 km) in the network. The spectra from this shallow event are depleted in high-frequency energy at most stations, relative to those of deeper events. This observation can be explained by a low-Q surficial zone. For stations of the network situated on alluvium, this low-Q layer has a maximum thickness of about 3 km and maximum P- and S-wave Q values of 30 to 50.

","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/BSSA0790030581","usgsCitation":"Frankel, A.D., and Wennerberg, L., 1989, Microearthquake spectra from the Anza, California, seismic network: Site response and source scaling: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 79, no. 3, p. 581-609, https://doi.org/10.1785/BSSA0790030581.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"581","endPage":"609","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":338187,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/ssa/bssa/article/79/3/581/119214/Microearthquake-spectra-from-the-Anza-California"},{"id":224114,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Anza","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.91211047212585,\n 33.6851333503832\n ],\n [\n -116.91211047212585,\n 33.42190812854244\n ],\n [\n -116.48639025728235,\n 33.42190812854244\n ],\n [\n -116.48639025728235,\n 33.6851333503832\n ],\n [\n -116.91211047212585,\n 33.6851333503832\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"79","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5678e4b0c8380cd6d5f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frankel, Arthur D. 0000-0001-9119-6106 afrankel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9119-6106","contributorId":1363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frankel","given":"Arthur","email":"afrankel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":371679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wennerberg, Leif","contributorId":96008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wennerberg","given":"Leif","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015319,"text":"70015319 - 1989 - Early Cretaceous vein-related garnet granulite in Fiordland, southwest New Zealand: a case for infiltration of mantle-derived CO2-rich fluids","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-14T11:14:40.535958","indexId":"70015319","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2309,"text":"Journal of Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Early Cretaceous vein-related garnet granulite in Fiordland, southwest New Zealand: a case for infiltration of mantle-derived CO2-rich fluids","docAbstract":"

Regionally extensive two-pyroxene granulite facies orthogneisses of Early Cretaceous age in Fiordland, southwest New Zealand, are criss-crossed by garnet-bearing feldspathic veins (and dikes) having associated marginal reaction zones of garnet granulite. The two-pyroxene granulites resulted from fluid-absent meta-morphism of a suite of synkinematic primary anhydrous intrusions. Subsequent restricted formation of garnet granulite in feldspathic compositions, and locally eclogite in ultramafic compositions, proceeded chiefly via reactions involving hornblende breakdown, and occurred in response to sharply increased load pressure and local lowering of water activity. The restricted occurrence of carbonate scapolite and \"\"-rich fluid inclusions in the vein areas suggests that water activity was lowered by infiltrating carbonic fluids. Infiltration occurred along pre-existing fracture systems, many of which were already filled with plagio-clase-rich veins and dikes. Published carbon isotope data for \"\" in scapolite within the veins indicates a mantle source. Open system behavior accompanying infiltration favored garnet stability by lowering bulk rock ferric/ferrous ratio and \"\" content. Fluid infiltration occurred at or near peak metamorphic pressure (~12 kbar at 650-700°C). Granulite metamorphism was of short duration (< 20 m.y.) and accompanied tectonic thickening in a subduction-related magmatic arc.

","language":"English","publisher":"University of Chicago Press","doi":"10.1086/629353","issn":"00221376","usgsCitation":"Bradshaw, J., 1989, Early Cretaceous vein-related garnet granulite in Fiordland, southwest New Zealand: a case for infiltration of mantle-derived CO2-rich fluids: Journal of Geology, v. 97, no. 16, p. 697-717, https://doi.org/10.1086/629353.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"697","endPage":"717","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223710,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"97","issue":"16","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0475e4b0c8380cd509d1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradshaw, J.Y.","contributorId":28374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradshaw","given":"J.Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70015318,"text":"70015318 - 1989 - The dependence of peak horizontal acceleration on magnitude, distance, and site effects for small-magnitude earthquakes in California and eastern North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-27T23:30:53.929998","indexId":"70015318","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The dependence of peak horizontal acceleration on magnitude, distance, and site effects for small-magnitude earthquakes in California and eastern North America","docAbstract":"

One-hundred and ninety free-field accelerograms recorded on deep soil (> 10 m deep) were used to study the near-source scaling characteristics of peak horizontal acceleration for 91 earthquakes (2.5 ≦ ML ≦ 5.0) located primarily in California. Of the six attenuation relationships developed in this study, the one considered most reliable is given by the expression.

","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/BSSA0790051311","usgsCitation":"Campbell, K., 1989, The dependence of peak horizontal acceleration on magnitude, distance, and site effects for small-magnitude earthquakes in California and eastern North America: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 79, no. 5, p. 1311-1346, https://doi.org/10.1785/BSSA0790051311.","productDescription":"36 p.","startPage":"1311","endPage":"1346","numberOfPages":"36","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":422210,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/ssa/bssa/article/79/5/1311/119213/The-dependence-of-peak-horizontal-acceleration-on"},{"id":223709,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"79","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baa8ce4b08c986b322899","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Campbell, K.W.","contributorId":26309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"K.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70015317,"text":"70015317 - 1989 - Plans for national flood frequency by microcomputer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:57","indexId":"70015317","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Plans for national flood frequency by microcomputer","docAbstract":"Work is underway on a planned microcomputer program that will include about 1500 prediction equations for 214 flood regions of the United States and Puerto Rico. The program will include calculation routines for rural and urban flood frequency and hydrograph characteristics and will have links to a detention-pond routing model.","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the 1989 National Conference on Hydraulic Engineering","conferenceDate":"14 August 1989 through 18 August 1989","conferenceLocation":"New Orleans, LA, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Publ by ASCE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, United States","isbn":"0872627195","usgsCitation":"Jennings, M., and Cookmeyer, E., 1989, Plans for national flood frequency by microcomputer, Proceedings of the 1989 National Conference on Hydraulic Engineering, New Orleans, LA, USA, 14 August 1989 through 18 August 1989, p. 386-391.","startPage":"386","endPage":"391","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223708,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7be4e4b0c8380cd796a5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jennings, M.E.","contributorId":76775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jennings","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cookmeyer, E.N.","contributorId":101393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cookmeyer","given":"E.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015750,"text":"70015750 - 1989 - Dune migration in a steep, coarse-bedded stream","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-21T13:01:51","indexId":"70015750","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dune migration in a steep, coarse-bedded stream","docAbstract":"

During 1986 and 1987, migrating bed forms composed of coarse sand and fine gravel (d50=1.8 to 9.1 mm) were documented in the North Fork Toutle River at Kid Valley, Washington, at flow velocities ranging from 1.6 to 3.4 m s−1 and depths of 0.8 to 2.2 m. The bed forms (predominantly lower regime dunes) were studied with a sonic depth sounder transducer suspended in the river at a stationary point. Twelve temporal depth-sounding records were collected during storm runoff and nearly steady, average streamflow, with record durations ranging from 37 to 261 min. Waveform height was defined by dune front heights, which ranged from 12 to 70 cm. A weak correlation between flow depth and the standard deviation of bed elevation was noted. Dune front counts and spectral analyses of the temporal records showed that dune crests passed the observation point every 2 to 5 min. Dunes were often superposed on larger bed forms with wave periods between 10 and 30 min. Gradual changes in waveform height and periodicity occurred over several hours during storm runoff. The processes of dune growth and decay were both time-dependent and affected by changes in streamflow. Rates of migration for typical dunes were estimated to be 3 cm s−1, and dune wavelengths were estimated to be 6 to 7 m.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR025i005p00911","usgsCitation":"Dinehart, R.L., 1989, Dune migration in a steep, coarse-bedded stream: Water Resources Research, v. 25, no. 5, p. 911-923, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR025i005p00911.","productDescription":"13p.","startPage":"911","endPage":"923","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224115,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","city":"Kid Valley","otherGeospatial":"North Fork Toutle River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.66132354736328,\n 46.326068311712596\n ],\n [\n -122.51094818115233,\n 46.326068311712596\n ],\n [\n -122.51094818115233,\n 46.40590683633536\n ],\n [\n -122.66132354736328,\n 46.40590683633536\n ],\n [\n -122.66132354736328,\n 46.326068311712596\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"25","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0416e4b0c8380cd5078f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dinehart, Randy L.","contributorId":68341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dinehart","given":"Randy","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70015754,"text":"70015754 - 1989 - Porosity development in coastal carbonate aquifers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-24T01:42:39.256273","indexId":"70015754","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Porosity development in coastal carbonate aquifers","docAbstract":"

Geochemical mixing theory suggests that the mixing of seawater and calcite-saturated fresh ground water can result in a solution that is undersaturated with respect to calcite. Previous studies of the mixing of such waters in carbonate rocks along certain coastlines have indicated that this mixing effect may be responsible for significant amounts of calcite dissolution and porosity development. In this study, potential rates of porosity development by calcite dissolution are assessed by combining geochemical mixing theory with the hydrodynamics of fresh-water-salt-water mixing zones in a coupled reaction- transport model. Results from the reaction-path model PHREEQE are used with a variable-density ground-water flow and solute-transport model to simulate an idealized cross section of a coastal carbonate aquifer. Results of the simulations indicate that the dissolution process is sensitive to fresh-water chemistry, ground-water velocities, and sea-level movement. Dissolution potential was evaluated at three field sites, and evidence from those sites is in general agreement with the simulation results. Dissolution rates indicated by the model show that under the proper conditions this dissolution mechanism can produce significant increases in porosity over relatively short spans of geologic time (tens of thousands of years).

","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0091-7613(1989)017<0249:PDICCA>2.3.CO;2","issn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"Sanford, W., and Konikow, L.F., 1989, Porosity development in coastal carbonate aquifers: Geology, v. 17, no. 3, p. 249-252, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1989)017<0249:PDICCA>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"249","endPage":"252","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224171,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7ddce4b0c8380cd7a1de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sanford, W. E. 0000-0002-6624-0280","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6624-0280","contributorId":102112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanford","given":"W. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Konikow, Leonard F. 0000-0002-0940-3856 lkonikow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0940-3856","contributorId":158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Konikow","given":"Leonard","email":"lkonikow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":371691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015761,"text":"70015761 - 1989 - A hybrid fast Hankel transform algorithm for electromagnetic modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-11T11:12:37","indexId":"70015761","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1808,"text":"Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A hybrid fast Hankel transform algorithm for electromagnetic modeling","docAbstract":"

A hybrid fast Hankel transform algorithm has been developed that uses several complementary features of two existing algorithms: Anderson's digital filtering or fast Hankel transform (FHT) algorithm and Chave's quadrature and continued fraction algorithm. A hybrid FHT subprogram (called HYBFHT) written in standard Fortran-77 provides a simple user interface to call either subalgorithm. The hybrid approach is an attempt to combine the best features of the two subalgorithms to minimize the user's coding requirements and to provide fast execution and good accuracy for a large class of electromagnetic problems involving various related Hankel transform sets with multiple arguments. Special cases of Hankel transforms of double-order and double-argument are discussed, where use of HYBFHT is shown to be advantageous for oscillatory kernel functions.

","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","doi":"10.1190/1.1442650","issn":"00168033","usgsCitation":"Anderson, W., 1989, A hybrid fast Hankel transform algorithm for electromagnetic modeling: Geophysics, v. 54, no. 2, p. 263-266, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1442650.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"263","endPage":"266","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224224,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"54","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e425e4b0c8380cd46443","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, W.L.","contributorId":54584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"W.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70015770,"text":"70015770 - 1989 - Oxygen-isotope composition of ground water and secondary minerals in Columbia Plateau basalts: Implications for the paleohydrology of the Pasco Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-24T01:40:58.508164","indexId":"70015770","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Oxygen-isotope composition of ground water and secondary minerals in Columbia Plateau basalts: Implications for the paleohydrology of the Pasco Basin","docAbstract":"

Concentrations of 18O and deuterium in ground waters beneath the Hanford Reservation, Washington State, suggest that the meteoric waters recharging the basalt aquifers have been progressively depleted in these isotopes since at least Pleistocene time. This conclusion is supported by oxygen-isotope analyses of low-temperature secondary minerals filling vugs and fractures in the basalts, which are used to approximate the 18O content of ground water at the time the mineral assemblage formed. A fossil profile of δ18O values projected for ground water in a 1500 m vertical section beneath the reservation suggests that the vertical mixing of shallow and deep ground water indicated by present-day hydrochemical data was also occurring during Neogene time. These data also suggest that a unidirectional depletion of 18O and deuterium recorded in Pleistocene ground waters may have extended considerably further back in time. This shift is tentatively attributed to the orographic depletion of 18O associated with the progressive uplift of the Cascade Range since the middle Miocene.

","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0091-7613(1989)017<0606:OICOGW>2.3.CO;2","issn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"Hearn, P., Steinkampf, W., Horton, D.G., Solomon, G., White, L.D., and Evans, J., 1989, Oxygen-isotope composition of ground water and secondary minerals in Columbia Plateau basalts: Implications for the paleohydrology of the Pasco Basin: Geology, v. 17, no. 7, p. 606-610, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1989)017<0606:OICOGW>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"606","endPage":"610","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224391,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a72bfe4b0c8380cd76c9d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hearn, P.P. Jr.","contributorId":76763,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hearn","given":"P.P.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Steinkampf, W.C.","contributorId":8137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steinkampf","given":"W.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Horton, D. G.","contributorId":17375,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horton","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Solomon, G.C.","contributorId":20473,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Solomon","given":"G.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"White, L. D.","contributorId":14330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Evans, J.R.","contributorId":50526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70015771,"text":"70015771 - 1989 - A direct correlation among indoor Rn, soil gas Rn and geology in the Reading Prong near Boyertown, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:57","indexId":"70015771","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1884,"text":"Health Physics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A direct correlation among indoor Rn, soil gas Rn and geology in the Reading Prong near Boyertown, Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"We feel that this study suggests a relationship among geology, soil gas Rn and the potential for indoor Rn accumulation in this portion of the Reading Prong. There are deviations from a perfect correlation but these are related to inhomogeneities in the geologic environment and perhaps variations in construction techniques of homes in the area. This study also demonstrates that several analyses in a small area may be necessary to adequately determine the Rn distribution for a particular geologic unit. That scale would be determined by the complexity of the local geology. Where no discrete source of elevated Rn supply is found for dwellings having a significant Rn accumulation, the implication is that overall gross permeability may be sufficient to supply Rn from a larger volume of soil and rock.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Health Physics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00179078","usgsCitation":"Reimer, G., and Gundersen, L., 1989, A direct correlation among indoor Rn, soil gas Rn and geology in the Reading Prong near Boyertown, Pennsylvania: Health Physics, v. 57, no. 1, p. 155-160.","startPage":"155","endPage":"160","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224392,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"57","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e3c0e4b0c8380cd461d8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reimer, G.M.","contributorId":59800,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reimer","given":"G.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gundersen, L.C.S.","contributorId":24501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gundersen","given":"L.C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}