The Koyukuk terrane of western Alaska consists of volcanic, volcaniclastic, and plutonic rocks which range from Late Paleozoic to Early Cretaceous in age. The terrane crops out in a U-shaped belt which is roughly paralleled by outer belts of ultramafic rocks, oceanic plate basalts and cherts, and retrograded blueschist facies rocks of continental protolith. These rocks have been interpreted as components of a volcanic arc terrane that collided with the North American continental margin in Early Cretaceous time. The Koyukuk terrane consists of four time-stratigraphic units: (1) pre-Middle Jurassic basalts, (2) Middle and Late Jurassic granitic rocks, (3) lower Lower Cretaceous volcanic rocks, and (4) upper Lower Cretaceous volcanic rocks. Limited chemical data from the basalts of unit 1 indicate that they were erupted in a nonarc tectonic environment, possibly in an oceanic island or back arc setting. Units 2, 3, and 4 have the characteristics of subduction-related volcanic rocks (i.e., depleted Nb and Ta and enriched alkaline elements, relative to the light rare earth elements). Unit 3 contains tholeiitic, calc-alkaline, and alkaline rocks with chondrite-normalized rare earth element patterns that range from flat (LaN/YbN = 1) to highly light rare earth element enriched (LaN/YbN > 15). The highly alkaline or shoshonitic lavas were erupted toward the end of unit 3 time (Valanginian) during the final stages of arc-continent collision. These alkaline lavas could have been derived by very small degrees of partial melting of a similar source to that of the earlier arc lavas. Unit 4 lavas are also alkaline or shoshonitic, but their incompatible element composition indicates that they were derived from a different source than that of the earlier arc lavas. These late alkaline lavas are chemically similar to crosscutting mid-Cretaceous plutons whose isotopic compositions (Arth et al., this issue (a)) suggest derivation by partial melting of distinctly older subcontinental lithosphere. We speculate that the parental magmas of unit 4 lavas may also have been derived by partial melting of this subcontinental mantle which was underthrust beneath the Koyukuk arc terrane during the final stage of arc-continent collision.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB094iB11p15843","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Box, S.E., and Patton, W.W., 1989, Igneous history of the Koyukuk terrane, western Alaska: Constraints on the origin, evolution, and ultimate collision of an accreted island arc terrane: Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, v. 94, no. B11, p. 15843-15867, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB094iB11p15843.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"15843","endPage":"15867","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224401,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"94","issue":"B11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3865e4b0c8380cd6155b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Box, S. E.","contributorId":38567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Box","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Patton, W. W. Jr.","contributorId":11231,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patton","given":"W.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015063,"text":"70015063 - 1989 - Significance of loessite in the Maroon Formation (Middle Pennsylvanian to Lower Permian), Eagle Basin, northwest Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-20T23:13:46.374772","indexId":"70015063","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2450,"text":"Journal of Sedimentary Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Significance of loessite in the Maroon Formation (Middle Pennsylvanian to Lower Permian), Eagle Basin, northwest Colorado","docAbstract":"Quaternary loess deposits are widespread on the earth's surface, yet pre-Quaternary loess deposits have rarely been reported. The Maroon Formation (Middle Pennsylvanian to Lower Permian) of the Eagle Basin, northwest Colorado, includes a siltstone-dominated facies interpreted as loessite (lithified loess) along its downwind basin margin. The section of inferred loessite in the Maroon Formation is locally at least 490 m thick and consists in large part of structureless and nearly structureless beds of homogeneous sandy siltstone. Bed contacts are generally planar to undulatory and are either horizontal or are characterized by gentle relief. Loessite beds are separated by common claystone drapes and weakly developed paleosols, and by rare pond deposits, channel deposits, and eolian-ripple-laminated deposits. The loess interpretation is based on 1) the homogeneity and dominance of the sandy silt grain-size; 2) the relative lack of primary sedimentary structures; 3) the gentle character of most bedding contacts and the common mantling of irregular depositional topography; 4) the inferred paleogeographic setting; and 5) the absence of suitable alternative interpretations. The loessite grades laterally into mixed fluvial-eolian deposits of the Maroon Formation in the main part of Eagle Basin, which served as the loessite sediment source. Deposition of the Maroon Formation was probably strongly affected by cyclic climatic changes synchronous with fluctuations in late Paleozoic continental ice sheets. The paleogeography and paleoclimatology of the Maroon Formation depositional system are not unique, suggesting that there are probably many other ancient loessites that have gone unrecognized.
A macrophyte submodel has been incorporated and tested in CE-QUAL-R1, a one-dimensional, vertically averaged model of reservoir water quality. A quasi two-dimensional scheme was necessary to represent the spatial relationship of macrophytes in reservoirs adequately. The macrophyte processes modeled were photosynthesis, dark respiration, excretion and nonpredatory mortality. Process equations for photosynthesis as a function of light and temperature, and dark respiration as a function of temperature were tested using data from laboratory studies. The submodel was field tested, along with other components of CE-QUAL-R1, using data collected at Eau Galle Reservoir, WI, U.S.A.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0304-3770(89)90037-5","usgsCitation":"Collins, C.D., and Wlosinski, J.H., 1989, A macrophyte submodel for aquatic ecosystems: Aquatic Botany, v. 33, no. 3-4, p. 191-206, https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3770(89)90037-5.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"191","endPage":"206","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131379,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Eau Galle Reservoir","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.25092258188174,\n 44.86636499940943\n ],\n [\n -92.25092258188174,\n 44.85564026067513\n ],\n [\n -92.23459609225418,\n 44.85564026067513\n ],\n [\n -92.23459609225418,\n 44.86636499940943\n ],\n [\n -92.25092258188174,\n 44.86636499940943\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"33","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ae222","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collins, Carol Desormeau","contributorId":95020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collins","given":"Carol","email":"","middleInitial":"Desormeau","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wlosinski, Joseph H.","contributorId":75488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wlosinski","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1003766,"text":"1003766 - 1989 - Microcontaminants and reproductive impairment of the Forster's tern on Green Bay, Lake Michigan,1983","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-26T16:00:55","indexId":"1003766","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Microcontaminants and reproductive impairment of the Forster's tern on Green Bay, Lake Michigan,1983","docAbstract":"For the 1983 nesting season, Forster's tern (Sterna forsteri) reproductive success was significantly impaired on organochlorine contaminated Green Bay, Lake Michigan compared to a relatively uncontaminated inland location at Lake Poygan, Wisconsin. Compared with tern eggs from Lake Poygan, eggs from Green Bay had significantly higher median concentrations of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), other polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), total polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), total (three congeners) non-ortho, ortho' PCBs, five individual PCB congeners known to induce aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) and several other organochlorine contaminants. Conversions of analytical concentrations of TCDD and PCB congeners based on relative AHH induction potencies allowed for estimation of total 2,3,7,8-TCDD equivalents. Two PCB congeners, 2,3,3′,4,4′- and 3,3′,4,4′,5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PeCB) accounted for more than 90% of the median estimated TCDD equivalents at both Green Bay and Lake Poygan. The median estimated TCDD equivalents were almost 11-fold higher in tern eggs from Green Bay than in eggs from Lake Poygan (2175 and 201 pg/g). The hatching success of Green Bay sibling eggs from nests where eggs were collected for contaminant analyses was 75% lower at Green Bay than at Lake Poygan. Hatchability of eggs taken from other nests and artificially incubated was about 50% lower for Green Bay than for Lake Poygan. Among hatchlings from laboratory incubation, those from Green Bay weighed approximately 20% less and had a mean liver weight to body weight ratio 26% greater than those from Lake Poygan. In both field and laboratory, mean minimum incubation periods were significantly longer for eggs from Green Bay compared to Lake Poygan (8.25 and 4.58 days, respectively). Mean minimum incubation time for Green Bay eggs in the field was 4.37 days longer than in the laboratory. Hatchability was greatly improved when Green Bay eggs were incubated by Lake Poygan adults in an egg-exchange experiment, but was sharply decreased in Lake Poygan eggs incubated in Green Bay nests. Nest abandonment and egg disappearance were substantial at Green Bay but nil at Lake Poygan. Thus, not only factors intrinsic to the egg, but also extrinsic factors (parental attentiveness), impaired reproductive outcome at Green Bay. The epidemiological evidence from this study strongly suggested that contaminants were a causal factor. AHH-active PCB congeners (intrinsic effects) and PCBs in general (extrinsic effects) appeared to be the only contaminants at the concentrations measured in eggs, capable of producing the effects that were observed at Green Bay.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF01225009","usgsCitation":"Kubiak, T., Harris, H., Smith, L., Schwartz, T., Stalling, D., Trick, J., Sileo, L., Docherty, D.E., and Erdman, T., 1989, Microcontaminants and reproductive impairment of the Forster's tern on Green Bay, Lake Michigan,1983: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 18, no. 5, p. 706-727, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01225009.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"706","endPage":"727","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133889,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Green Bay Watershed, Green Bay, Lake Poygan","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.00848388671875,\n 44.3002644115815\n ],\n [\n -89.066162109375,\n 44.089557802247725\n ],\n [\n -88.9892578125,\n 44.01849648651216\n ],\n [\n -88.84368896484375,\n 43.949327348785225\n ],\n [\n -88.7310791015625,\n 43.9473499035071\n ],\n [\n -88.65142822265625,\n 43.96514454266273\n ],\n [\n -88.560791015625,\n 44.004669106432225\n ],\n [\n -88.35205078124999,\n 44.15265182817537\n ],\n [\n -87.95928955078125,\n 44.345458103018316\n ],\n [\n -87.8521728515625,\n 44.453388800301774\n ],\n [\n -87.60223388671875,\n 44.68232453976496\n ],\n [\n -87.58575439453125,\n 44.79937794671695\n ],\n [\n -87.54730224609375,\n 44.85197466334987\n ],\n [\n -87.53631591796875,\n 44.999767019181306\n ],\n [\n -87.5555419921875,\n 45.10842333769411\n ],\n [\n -87.61322021484375,\n 45.12199086176226\n ],\n [\n -87.70660400390625,\n 45.12199086176226\n ],\n [\n -87.79998779296875,\n 45.09679146394738\n ],\n [\n -87.945556640625,\n 45.04635929200553\n ],\n [\n -88.406982421875,\n 44.8344477567128\n ],\n [\n -88.55804443359375,\n 44.72332018895825\n ],\n [\n -88.7860107421875,\n 44.60415728007794\n ],\n [\n -88.91510009765625,\n 44.46711115202032\n ],\n [\n -89.00848388671875,\n 44.3002644115815\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"18","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a53e4b07f02db62ba19","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kubiak, T.J.","contributorId":89105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kubiak","given":"T.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harris, H.J.","contributorId":33684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"H.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, L.M.","contributorId":82650,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"L.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schwartz, T.R.","contributorId":97451,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwartz","given":"T.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stalling, D.L.","contributorId":36502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stalling","given":"D.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Trick, J.A.","contributorId":39334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trick","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Sileo, L.","contributorId":46895,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sileo","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Docherty, D. E.","contributorId":83469,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Docherty","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Erdman, T.C.","contributorId":79438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erdman","given":"T.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":43998,"text":"ofr88695 - 1989 - Wetland and peat resource map of the South Merrimack 7.5-minute quadrangle, New Hampshire","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-05-09T20:51:08.048469","indexId":"ofr88695","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-695","title":"Wetland and peat resource map of the South Merrimack 7.5-minute quadrangle, New Hampshire","docAbstract":"U.S. Geological Survey
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr88695","usgsCitation":"Cameron, C.C., and Emery, D.A., 1989, Wetland and peat resource map of the South Merrimack 7.5-minute quadrangle, New Hampshire: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 88-695, 1 Plate: 35.96 x 35.98 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr88695.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 35.96 x 35.98 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":169112,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":81421,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0695/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":110174,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_37219.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"37219"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Hampshire","otherGeospatial":"South Merrimack 7.5-minute quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -71.625,\n 42.875\n ],\n [\n -71.625,\n 42.75\n ],\n [\n -71.5,\n 42.75\n ],\n [\n -71.5,\n 42.875\n ],\n [\n -71.625,\n 42.875\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db699599","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cameron, Cornelia Clermont","contributorId":20737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cameron","given":"Cornelia","email":"","middleInitial":"Clermont","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":228962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Emery, D. A.","contributorId":12542,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Emery","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":228961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":20893,"text":"ofr8914 - 1989 - Preliminary map of upper Eocene to Holocene volcanic and related rocks of the Cascade Range, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-09T21:04:45.279766","indexId":"ofr8914","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-14","title":"Preliminary map of upper Eocene to Holocene volcanic and related rocks of the Cascade Range, Oregon","docAbstract":"Since 1979 the Geothermal Research Program of the U.S. Geological Survey has carried out multidisciplinary research in the Cascade Range. The goal of this research is to understand the geology, tectonics, and hydrology of the Cascades in order to characterize and quantify geothermal resource potential. A major goal of the program is compilation of a comprehensive geologic map of the entire Cascade Range that incorporates modern field studies and that has a unified and internally consistent explanation.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr8914","usgsCitation":"Sherrod, D.R., and Smith, J., 1989, Preliminary map of upper Eocene to Holocene volcanic and related rocks of the Cascade Range, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-14, Report: 20 p.; 1 Plate: 41.69 × 44.40 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr8914.","productDescription":"Report: 20 p.; 1 Plate: 41.69 × 44.40 inches","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":50488,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0014/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":391637,"rank":1,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0014/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":154567,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0014/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":410223,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_17554.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Cascade Range","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.71,\n 42\n ],\n [\n -120.717,\n 42\n ],\n [\n -120.717,\n 46\n ],\n [\n -123.71,\n 46\n ],\n [\n -123.71,\n 42\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b06e4b07f02db69a2a2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sherrod, David R. 0000-0001-9460-0434 dsherrod@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9460-0434","contributorId":527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherrod","given":"David","email":"dsherrod@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":183452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, James G.","contributorId":98712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"James G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":183453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1003614,"text":"1003614 - 1989 - Fusarium mycotoxins from peanuts suspected as a cause of sandhill crane mortality","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-07T16:11:02.489717","indexId":"1003614","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fusarium mycotoxins from peanuts suspected as a cause of sandhill crane mortality","docAbstract":"An estimated 9,500 sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis) died in Gaines County, Texas and Roosevelt County, New Mexico between 1982 and 1987. The predominant clinical sign observed in sick cranes was their inability to hold their heads erect, both while standing and flying. Multiple muscle hemorrhages and submandibular edema were the most common lesions seen at necropsy. Mycotoxins produced by Fusarium sp. growing during cold, wet weather on peanuts left in the field after harvest, the predominant foods of the dead cranes at the time of these mortality events, were identified as the most likely cause of this mortality. Rendering moldy peanuts inaccessible to the cranes by conventional tillage resulted in reduced crane mortality in these areas.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/0090-3558-25.1.38","usgsCitation":"Windingstad, R.M., Cole, R.J., Nelson, P.E., Roffe, T.J., George, R.R., and Dorner, J.W., 1989, Fusarium mycotoxins from peanuts suspected as a cause of sandhill crane mortality: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 25, no. 1, p. 38-46, https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-25.1.38.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"38","endPage":"46","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479946,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-25.1.38","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":135844,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico, Texas","county":"Roosevelt County, Gaines County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -102.2264260047274,\n 32.85602539363107\n ],\n [\n -102.32107907902653,\n 32.85602539363107\n ],\n [\n -102.32107907902653,\n 32.77549522422136\n ],\n [\n -102.2264260047274,\n 32.77549522422136\n ],\n [\n -102.2264260047274,\n 32.85602539363107\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -103.19600364515465,\n 34.0955734677848\n ],\n [\n -103.19600364515465,\n 34.053344720404496\n ],\n [\n -103.1544132236675,\n 34.053344720404496\n ],\n [\n -103.1544132236675,\n 34.0955734677848\n ],\n [\n -103.19600364515465,\n 34.0955734677848\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"25","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b4288","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Windingstad, Ronald M.","contributorId":46046,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Windingstad","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cole, Richard J.","contributorId":71046,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cole","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nelson, Paul E.","contributorId":86621,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Roffe, Thomas J.","contributorId":56596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roffe","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"George, Ronnie R.","contributorId":90218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"George","given":"Ronnie","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dorner, Joe W.","contributorId":90973,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorner","given":"Joe","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":44109,"text":"ofr89430 - 1989 - Surficial geologic map of the Hampton 7.5-minute quadrangle (east half of the Exeter 7.5 x 15 minute quadrangle), New Hampshire-Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-05-05T19:50:15.450233","indexId":"ofr89430","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-430","title":"Surficial geologic map of the Hampton 7.5-minute quadrangle (east half of the Exeter 7.5 x 15 minute quadrangle), New Hampshire-Massachusetts","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr89430","usgsCitation":"Koteff, C., Gephart, G.D., and Schafer, J.P., 1989, Surficial geologic map of the Hampton 7.5-minute quadrangle (east half of the Exeter 7.5 x 15 minute quadrangle), New Hampshire-Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-430, 1 Plate: 26.85 × 28.03 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr89430.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 26.85 × 28.03 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":162792,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":81497,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0430/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":398165,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_17684.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts, New Hampshire","otherGeospatial":"Exeter 7.5 x 15 minute quadrangle, Hampton 7.5 minute quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.875,\n 42.875\n ],\n [\n -70.75,\n 42.875\n ],\n [\n -70.75,\n 43 \n ],\n [\n -70.875,\n 43\n ],\n [\n -70.875,\n 42.875\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae3e4b07f02db68907e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Koteff, Carl","contributorId":73172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koteff","given":"Carl","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gephart, Gregory David","contributorId":79350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gephart","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":871928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schafer, John Phillip","contributorId":52625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schafer","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"Phillip","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70015332,"text":"70015332 - 1989 - Solid-state 13C NMR studies of a large fossil gymnosperm from the Yallourn Open Cut, Latrobe Valley, Australia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-14T16:42:38.075412","indexId":"70015332","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2958,"text":"Organic Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Solid-state 13C NMR studies of a large fossil gymnosperm from the Yallourn Open Cut, Latrobe Valley, Australia","docAbstract":"A series of samples taken from the cross section of a 3-m-diameter fossilized gymnospermous log (Araucariaceae) in the Yallourn Seam of the Australian brown coals was examined by solid state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance to delineate chemical changes related to the combined processes of peatification and coalification. The results show that cellulosic materials were degraded and lost on the periphery of the log, however, the degree of such degradation in the central core is substantially less. The lignin is uniformly altered by coalification reactions to a macromolecular substance displaying decreased aryl ether linkages but significantly greater amounts of carbon linkages compared to modern lignin. Changes in the methoxyl carbon contents of lignin in cross section reveal demethylation reactions, but these do not appear to be related to degree of carbon linking. Both the degredation of cellulosic materials and demethylation of lignin appear to be early diagenetic processes occurring during peatification independently of the coalification reactions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0146-6380(89)90040-5","usgsCitation":"Bates, A.L., and Hatcher, P.G., 1989, Solid-state 13C NMR studies of a large fossil gymnosperm from the Yallourn Open Cut, Latrobe Valley, Australia: Organic Geochemistry, v. 14, no. 6, p. 609-617, https://doi.org/10.1016/0146-6380(89)90040-5.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"609","endPage":"617","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223930,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Australia","otherGeospatial":"Latrobe Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 146.35800040207124,\n -41.17652071282228\n ],\n [\n 146.35800040207124,\n -41.27583612701346\n ],\n [\n 146.57857131173444,\n -41.27583612701346\n ],\n [\n 146.57857131173444,\n -41.17652071282228\n ],\n [\n 146.35800040207124,\n -41.17652071282228\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"14","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b923be4b08c986b319d90","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bates, Anne L. 0000-0002-4875-4675 abates@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4875-4675","contributorId":2789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bates","given":"Anne","email":"abates@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":370661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hatcher, Patrick G.","contributorId":93625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatcher","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70168713,"text":"70168713 - 1989 - Earthquakes, March-April 1989","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-25T16:16:59","indexId":"70168713","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1437,"text":"Earthquakes & Volcanoes (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Earthquakes, March-April 1989","docAbstract":"The first major earthquake (7.0-7.9) of the year hit Mexico on April 25, killing three people and causing some damage. Earthquake-related deaths were also reported from Malawi, China, and New Britain.
\nIn the United States minor damage was reported from both central and southern California and from Puerto Rico.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Person, W., 1989, Earthquakes, March-April 1989: Earthquakes & Volcanoes (USGS), v. 21, no. 3, p. 128-131.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"128","endPage":"131","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":318386,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56d033d4e4b015c306ee0ea3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Person, W. J.","contributorId":91472,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Person","given":"W. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":621371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70168715,"text":"70168715 - 1989 - Earthquakes, September-October 1988","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-25T16:33:44","indexId":"70168715","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1437,"text":"Earthquakes & Volcanoes (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Earthquakes, September-October 1988","docAbstract":"There were no major earthquakes (7.0-7.9) during this reporting period. Earthquake-related deaths were reported from Czechoslovakia and injuries were reported from Algeria and Greece.
\nIn the United States a sharp earthquake occurred in eastern Kentucky, causing some minro damage.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Person, W., 1989, Earthquakes, September-October 1988: Earthquakes & Volcanoes (USGS), v. 21, no. 2, p. 85-88.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"85","endPage":"88","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":318388,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56d033dbe4b015c306ee0ec4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Person, W. J.","contributorId":91472,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Person","given":"W. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":621373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70195530,"text":"70195530 - 1989 - Comparative facies formation in selected coal beds of the Powder River Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-20T16:22:17","indexId":"70195530","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Comparative facies formation in selected coal beds of the Powder River Basin","docAbstract":"Petrologic studies of thick coal beds [Warwick, 1985; Moore, 1986; Moore and others, 1986; Moore and others, 1987; Warwick and Stanton, in press], which build on sedimentological interpretations [Flores, this volume] of associated units, provide data to interpret and contrast the varieties of peat formation in the Powder River Basin. Detailed analyses of the composition of coal beds lead to more complete interpretations regarding the depositional environment on a regional and local scale. Our efforts in the Powder River Basin [areas A-D in fig. 1 of Flores, this volume] have resulted in a series of site-specific studies that interpret the types of peat formation from the arrangement of different facies which comprise the coal beds and from the spatial form of the coal beds.
Our approach was to use a combination of megascopic criteria for facies sampling, and where only core was available, to analyze many interval samples to discriminate facies by their maceral composition. Coal beds in the Powder River Basin are composed of laterally continuous, compositional subunits of the bed (facies) that can be discerned most easily in weathered highwall exposures, less readily in fresh highwalls, and very poorly in fresh-cut core surfaces. In general, very low ash (
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Tertiary and Cretaceous coals in the Rocky Mountains region: Casper, Wyoming to Salt Lake City, Utah June 29-July 8, 1989","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/FT132p0019","isbn":"9780875905846","usgsCitation":"Stanton, R., Moore, T.A., Warwick, P.D., Crowley, S., and Flores, R.M., 1989, Comparative facies formation in selected coal beds of the Powder River Basin, in Tertiary and Cretaceous coals in the Rocky Mountains region: Casper, Wyoming to Salt Lake City, Utah June 29-July 8, 1989, p. 19-21, https://doi.org/10.1029/FT132p0019.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"19","endPage":"21","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":351838,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Powder River Basin","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5aff313ce4b0da30c1bfd8d3","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Flores, Romeo M. rflores@usgs.gov","contributorId":71984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flores","given":"Romeo","email":"rflores@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":165,"text":"Central Energy Resources Team","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":729102,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Warwick, Peter D. 0000-0002-3152-7783 pwarwick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3152-7783","contributorId":762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warwick","given":"Peter","email":"pwarwick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":729103,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moore, Timothy A.","contributorId":9378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":729104,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Glass, Gary","contributorId":55831,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Glass","given":"Gary","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":729105,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Smith, Archie","contributorId":92647,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Archie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":729113,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Nichols, Douglas J.","contributorId":87184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":729114,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wolfe, Jack A.","contributorId":102474,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolfe","given":"Jack","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":729115,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Stanton, Ronald W.","contributorId":37386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanton","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":729116,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Weaver, Jean","contributorId":28578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weaver","given":"Jean","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":729117,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":9}],"authors":[{"text":"Stanton, R.W.","contributorId":19164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanton","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":729130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moore, Timothy A.","contributorId":9378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":729131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Warwick, Peter D. 0000-0002-3152-7783 pwarwick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3152-7783","contributorId":762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warwick","given":"Peter","email":"pwarwick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":729132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Crowley, S.S.","contributorId":43754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crowley","given":"S.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":729133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Flores, Romeo M. rflores@usgs.gov","contributorId":71984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flores","given":"Romeo","email":"rflores@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":165,"text":"Central Energy Resources Team","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":729134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70015475,"text":"70015475 - 1989 - Moment-tensor solutions for the 24 November 1987 Superstition Hills, California, earthquakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-27T23:27:27.377384","indexId":"70015475","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Moment-tensor solutions for the 24 November 1987 Superstition Hills, California, earthquakes","docAbstract":"The teleseismic long-period waveforms recorded by the Global Digital Seismograph Network from the two largest Superstition Hills earthquakes are inverted using an algorithm based on optimal filter theory. These solutions differ slightly from those published in the Preliminary Determination of Epicenters Monthly Listing because a somewhat different, improved data set was used in the inversions and a time-dependent moment-tensor algorithm was used to investigate the complexity of the main shock. The foreshock (origin time 01:54:14.5, mb 5.7, Ms 6.2) had a scalar moment of 2.3 × 1025 dyne-cm, a depth of 8 km, and a mechanism of strike 217°, dip 79°, rake 4°. The main shock (origin time 13:15:56.4, mb 6.0, Ms 6.6) was a complex event, consisting of at least two subevents, with a combined scalar moment of 1.0 × 1026 dyne-cm, a depth of 10 km, and a mechanism of strike 303°, dip 89°, rake −180°.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/BSSA0790020493","usgsCitation":"Sipkin, S., 1989, Moment-tensor solutions for the 24 November 1987 Superstition Hills, California, earthquakes: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 79, no. 2, p. 493-499, https://doi.org/10.1785/BSSA0790020493.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"493","endPage":"499","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223772,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.3536423735327,\n 33.338181461800986\n ],\n [\n -116.3536423735327,\n 32.49432335077522\n ],\n [\n -114.88696756884505,\n 32.49432335077522\n ],\n [\n -114.88696756884505,\n 33.338181461800986\n ],\n [\n -116.3536423735327,\n 33.338181461800986\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"79","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1989-04-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5d4ee4b0c8380cd702cc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sipkin, S.A.","contributorId":9399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sipkin","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70015788,"text":"70015788 - 1989 - Spatial patterns of aftershocks of shallow focus earthquakes in California and implications for deep focus earthquakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-29T21:34:41.248192","indexId":"70015788","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6453,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial patterns of aftershocks of shallow focus earthquakes in California and implications for deep focus earthquakes","docAbstract":"Previous workers have pioneered statistical techniques to study the spatial distribution of aftershocks with respect to the focal mechanism of the main shock. Application of these techniques to deep focus earthquakes failed to show clustering of aftershocks near the nodal planes of the main shocks. To better understand the behavior of these statistics, this study applies them to the aftershocks of six large shallow focus earthquakes in California (August 6, 1979, Coyote Lake; May 2, 1983, Coalinga; April 24, 1984, Morgan Hill; August 4, 1985, Kettleman Hills; July 8, 1986, North Palm Springs; and October 1, 1987, Whittier Narrows). The large number of aftershocks accurately located by dense local networks allows us to treat these aftershock sequences individually instead of combining them, as was done for the deep earthquakes. The results for individual sequences show significant clustering about the closest nodal plane and the strike direction for five of the sequences and about the presumed fault plane for all six sequences. This implies that the previously developed method does work properly. Nonrandom behavior was also found about the slip directions, the P axis, the T axis, and the B axis, but this is probably caused by the lack of independence between these axes and the previously mentioned features of the focal mechanisms. Given that the method does work and that deep aftershocks were not shown to cluster about the main shock nodal planes, the shallow focus data were used to simulate the deep focus study. The goal is to determine if there are artificial factors that make clustering in the deep focus data unobservable. To more closely mimic the work on deep earthquakes, the largest aftershocks from each of the six sequences were combined and studied with respect to their respective main shock focal mechanisms. This reduced the significance of the clustering about the focal mechanism parameters, but not below 95% confidence. Gaussian noise was then added to the aftershock hypocenters in order to determine if the larger hypocentral and focal mechanism errors in the deep focus data could account for the previous negative result. The conclusion is that the following reasons are sufficient to explain the lack of clustering about the main shock nodal planes for the deep focus aftershocks: the need to combine aftershocks from several sequences, the size of the hypocentral location and focal mechanism errors, and the alignment of distant aftershocks with the Wadati-Benioff zone.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB094iB05p05615","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Michael, A., 1989, Spatial patterns of aftershocks of shallow focus earthquakes in California and implications for deep focus earthquakes: Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, v. 94, no. B5, p. 5615-5626, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB094iB05p05615.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"5615","endPage":"5626","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223841,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"94","issue":"B5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9499e4b08c986b31ab9b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Michael, A.J. 0000-0002-2403-5019","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2403-5019","contributorId":52192,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michael","given":"A.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70168714,"text":"70168714 - 1989 - Earthquakes; May-June, July-August, September-October 1989","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-25T16:22:17","indexId":"70168714","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1437,"text":"Earthquakes & Volcanoes (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Earthquakes; May-June, July-August, September-October 1989","docAbstract":"The first great earthquake (8.0 or above) to occur since 1986 struck in this period in the Macquarie Island region, a very sparsely populated area.
\nIn the United States a strong earthquake hit Hawaii on June 26 injuring five people and causing considerable damage.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Person, W., 1989, Earthquakes; May-June, July-August, September-October 1989: Earthquakes & Volcanoes (USGS), v. 21, no. 4, p. 155-165.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"155","endPage":"165","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":318387,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56d033dee4b015c306ee0ece","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Person, W. J.","contributorId":91472,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Person","given":"W. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":621372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1013737,"text":"1013737 - 1989 - Developments in the control of bacterial kidney disease of salmonid fishes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-08T01:34:44.864928","indexId":"1013737","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1396,"text":"Diseases of Aquatic Organisms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Developments in the control of bacterial kidney disease of salmonid fishes","docAbstract":"Bacterial kidney disease of salmonid fishes, caused by Renibactenum salrnoninarum, was first reported more than 50 yr ago; nevertheless, large gaps persist in our knowledge of the infection - particularly in methods for its control. In the 1950's, principal control measures consisted of prophylactic or therapeutic feeding of sulfonamides, which were later supplanted by the antibiotic erythromycin. Chemotherapy has effected some reduction of mortality, but benefits are typically transient and mortality usually resumes after the drug is withdrawn. Some studies have indicated that diet composition affects the prevalence and severity of the disease. Although tests of chemotherapeutants and diet modification have continued, research emphasis has shifted partly toward prevention of the disease by breaking the infection cycle. It is now generally accepted that R. salrnoninarum can be transmitted both vertically and horizontally. Experimental evidence indicates that immersion of newly fertilized eggs in iodophor or erythromycin does not prevent vertical transmission. However, the injection of female salmon with erythromycin before they spawn shows promise as a practical means of interrupting vertical transmission. The results of attempts to prevent infection of juvenile salmonids by vaccination against bacterial kidney disease have been disappointing, thus underscoring a basic need for a better understanding of protective mechanisms in salmonids. The recent development of more sensitive and quantitative detection methods should aid in evaluating the efficacy of current and future control strategies.
","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research","doi":"10.3354/DAO006201","usgsCitation":"Elliott, D., Pascho, R., and Bullock, G.L., 1989, Developments in the control of bacterial kidney disease of salmonid fishes: Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, v. 6, no. 3, p. 201-215, https://doi.org/10.3354/DAO006201.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"201","endPage":"215","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":489783,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/dao006201","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":129383,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9be4b07f02db65dd3d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Elliott, D.G.","contributorId":58226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott","given":"D.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pascho, R.J.","contributorId":65796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pascho","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bullock, G. L.","contributorId":69498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bullock","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70182155,"text":"70182155 - 1989 - Extra-pair copulation in the greater white-fronted goose","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-17T09:53:19","indexId":"70182155","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3551,"text":"The Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Extra-pair copulation in the greater white-fronted goose","docAbstract":"Controlled experiments and quantitative field studies with both captive and wild waterfowl (Family Anatidae) have demonstrated that extra-pair copulations (EPCs, both forced and unforced) may be a viable alternative reproductive strategy for males (Mineau and Cooke 1979; Burns et al. 1980; Cheng et al. 1982, 1983; Afron 1985; Evarts and Williams 1987). In a review of EPCs in waterfowl, McKinney et al. (1983) stressed the need for additional information on the extent of such behavior in seemingly monogamous species of birds. Such information would increase our understanding of the extent of mixed reproductive strategies as formally hypothesized by Trivers (1972). Extra-pair copulations have been reported for only three of 22 (14%) species of geese and swans (Tribe Anserini), but are known to occur in 37 of 122 (30%) of the remaining species of waterfowl (McKinney et al. 1983, 1984; Welsh 1988). Socioecological differences between Anserini and most other anatids may provide insight into the evolution of extra-pair copulatory behavior, as male Anserini (unlike most other Anatidae) provide extensive parental care and maintain long-term pair bonds (Owen 1980, p. 76). Cuckolded male Anserini thus stand to lose more in the form of reproductive investment than other male anatids, which may invest less in a given clutch and generally have short-term pair bonds.
I describe here an observation of extra-pair copulation in wild Greater White-fronted Geese (Anser albifrons frontalis). The observation is significant not only because it augments our meager documentation of this behavior within the Anserini, but it is the first observation of such behavior in a noncolonial goose (Mineau and Cooke 1979, McKinney et al. 1983). The occurrence of EPC behavior in a dispersal-nesting goose is important, as proximity to potential mates has been hypothesized as a factor possibly selecting for EPC behavior in geese (McKinney et al. 1983) and other species of monogamous birds (Gladstone 1979, but see Westneat 1987).
","language":"English","publisher":"Cooper Ornithological Society","doi":"10.2307/1368086","usgsCitation":"Ely, C.R., 1989, Extra-pair copulation in the greater white-fronted goose: The Condor, v. 91, no. 4, p. 990-991, https://doi.org/10.2307/1368086.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"990","endPage":"991","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":503116,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/condor/vol91/iss4/34","text":"External Repository"},{"id":335801,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta","volume":"91","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58a819bae4b025c46429aff2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ely, Craig R. 0000-0003-4262-0892 cely@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4262-0892","contributorId":3214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ely","given":"Craig","email":"cely@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":669822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1003537,"text":"1003537 - 1989 - Disposition of pentachlorophenol in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri): Effect of inhibition of metabolism","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-03T19:17:35.555869","indexId":"1003537","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":874,"text":"Aquatic Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Disposition of pentachlorophenol in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri): Effect of inhibition of metabolism","title":"Disposition of pentachlorophenol in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri): Effect of inhibition of metabolism","docAbstract":"The accumulation kinetics of pentachlorophenol (PCP) were investigated in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) in the absence and presence of 25 mg/1 salicylamide, an inhibitor of PCP metabolism. After exposure to 5 μg/1 PCP over 1–96 h, the amount of PCP in the whole fish, its concentration in water and the total amount of metabolites (water, whole fish and bile) were measured. Equations for these variables, based on a two compartment pharmacokinetic model, were fitted simultaneously to the data using the computer program NONLIN, which uses an iterative nonlinear least squares technique. Salicylamide decreased the metabolic clearance of PCP, which resulted in an increase in the bioconcentration factor (BCF); this increase was partially offset by a salicylamide-induced decrease in the apparent volume of distribution of PCP. A clearance-volume compartment model permitted partitioning of the BCF in terms of the underlying physiologic and biochemical processes (uptake clearance, metabolic clearance and apparent volume of distribution). With this approach the BCF can be categorized as either dependent (e.g., PCP) or independent of uptake and metabolism (elimination) based on the relative sizes of the clearances for uptake and metabolism. Inhibition of PCP metabolism resulted in a loss of its dependence on uptake and metabolism. The BCF estimated as the apparent volume of distribution may be useful for assessment of the risk associated with exposure and bioaccumulation potential, as elimination is generally quite variable among aquatic species.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0166-445X(89)90024-6","usgsCitation":"Stehly, G., and Hayton, W.L., 1989, Disposition of pentachlorophenol in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri): Effect of inhibition of metabolism: Aquatic Toxicology, v. 14, no. 2, p. 131-148, https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-445X(89)90024-6.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"131","endPage":"148","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198336,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a2c6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stehly, G. R.","contributorId":34081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stehly","given":"G. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hayton, W. L.","contributorId":100325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayton","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70016117,"text":"70016117 - 1989 - A close-range photogrammetric technique for mapping neotectonic features in trenches","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-03T00:36:03.69484","indexId":"70016117","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1115,"text":"Bulletin of the Association of Engineering Geologists","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A close-range photogrammetric technique for mapping neotectonic features in trenches","docAbstract":"Close-range photogrammetric techniques and newly available computerized plotting equipment were used to map exploratory trench walls that expose Quaternary faults in the vicinity of Yucca Mountain, Nevada. Small-scale structural, lithologic, and stratigraphic features can be rapidly mapped by the photogrammetric method. This method is more accurate and significantly more rapid than conventional trench-mapping methods, and the analytical plotter is capable of producing cartographic definition of high resolution when detailed trench maps are necessary.
","language":"English","publisher":"Association of Engineering Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gseegeosci.xxvi.4.521","usgsCitation":"Fairer, G., Whitney, J., and Coe, J.A., 1989, A close-range photogrammetric technique for mapping neotectonic features in trenches: Bulletin of the Association of Engineering Geologists, v. 26, no. 4, p. 521-530, https://doi.org/10.2113/gseegeosci.xxvi.4.521.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"521","endPage":"530","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223301,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e345e4b0c8380cd45f1a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fairer, G. M.","contributorId":99532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fairer","given":"G. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whitney, J.W.","contributorId":27437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitney","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Coe, J. A.","contributorId":8867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coe","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":30652,"text":"wri894084 - 1989 - Flood of April 4-5, 1987, in southeastern New York State, with flood profiles of Schoharie Creek","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-10T18:57:26.942663","indexId":"wri894084","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-4084","title":"Flood of April 4-5, 1987, in southeastern New York State, with flood profiles of Schoharie Creek","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri894084","usgsCitation":"Zembrzuski, T.J., and Evans, M.L., 1989, Flood of April 4-5, 1987, in southeastern New York State, with flood profiles of Schoharie Creek: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 89-4084, v, 41 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri894084.","productDescription":"v, 41 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":121667,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4084/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59425,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4084/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":415523,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_47192.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Schoharie Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.4333,\n 43\n ],\n [\n -75.4333,\n 41.2667\n ],\n [\n -73.75,\n 41.2667\n ],\n [\n -73.75,\n 43\n ],\n [\n -75.4333,\n 43\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f2e4b07f02db5eef34","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zembrzuski, T. 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Rycroft","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-11-15T16:19:39","indexId":"1015424","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3778,"text":"Wildlife Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"[Book review] The acid rain controversy, by J. L. Regens and R. W. Rycroft","docAbstract":"Review of: The acid rain controversy, by Regens, J. L., and R. W. Rycroft; 1988; University of Pittsburgh Press, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wildlife Review","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","publisherLocation":"Arlington, VA","collaboration":"89-051/FC","usgsCitation":"Schreiber, R., 1989, [Book review] The acid rain controversy, by J. L. Regens and R. W. Rycroft: Wildlife Review, v. 213, p. 314-314.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"314","endPage":"314","numberOfPages":"1","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132926,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"213","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66cd79","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schreiber, R.K.","contributorId":92988,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schreiber","given":"R.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1002313,"text":"1002313 - 1989 - Accretion and canal impacts in a rapidly subsiding wetland II: Feldspar marker horizon technique","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-13T15:32:24.835904","indexId":"1002313","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1583,"text":"Estuaries","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Accretion and canal impacts in a rapidly subsiding wetland II: Feldspar marker horizon technique","docAbstract":"Recent (6–12 month) marsh sediment accretion and accumulation rates were measured with feldspar marker horizons in the vicinity of natural waterways and man-made canals with spoil banks in the rapidly subsiding environment of coastal Louisiana. Annual accretion rates in aSpartina alterniflora salt marsh in the Mississippi deltaic plain averaged 6 mm in marsh adjacent to canals compared to 10 mm in marsh adjacent to natural waterways. The rates, however, were not statistically significantly different. The average rate of sediment accretion in the same salt marsh region for a transect perpendicular to a canal (13 mm yr−1) was significantly greater than the rate measured for a transect perpendicular to a natural waterway (7 mm yr−1). Measurements of soil bulk density and organic matter content from the two transects were also different. This spatial variability in accretion rates is probably related to (1) spoil bank influences on local hydrology; and (2) a locally high rate of sediment input from lateral erosion associated with pond enlargement. In a brackishSpartina patens marsh on Louisiana’s Chenier plain, vertical accretion rates were the same along natural and canal waterways (3–4 mm yr−1) in a hydrologically restricted marsh region. However, the accretion rates for both waterways were significantly lower than the rates along a nonhydrologically restricted natural waterway nearby (11 mm yr−1). The vertical accretion of matter displayed semi-annual differences in the brackish marsh environment.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.2307/1351905","usgsCitation":"Cahoon, D.R., and Turner, R., 1989, Accretion and canal impacts in a rapidly subsiding wetland II: Feldspar marker horizon technique: Estuaries, v. 12, no. 4, p. 260-268, https://doi.org/10.2307/1351905.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"260","endPage":"268","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134009,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Mississippi Delta","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.25785034424351,\n 32.50422834736203\n ],\n [\n -92.28541005578998,\n 31.991442873797325\n ],\n [\n -91.99603308455487,\n 31.780834647296302\n ],\n [\n 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LA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":312061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015793,"text":"70015793 - 1989 - The timing of uplift, volcanism, and rifting peripheral to the Red Sea: A case for passive rifting?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-29T21:32:46.588463","indexId":"70015793","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6453,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The timing of uplift, volcanism, and rifting peripheral to the Red Sea: A case for passive rifting?","docAbstract":"Prior to the formation of the Red Sea the northeastern Afro/Arabian continent had low relief and was largely below sea level from the Late Cretaceous to the early Oligocene. The events leading to the formation of the Red Sea followed the sequence (1) alkaline volcanism and rifting beginning about 30–32 Ma affecting a narrow linear zone in the continent, (2) rotational block faulting and detachment faulting, well underway by 25 Ma, (3) gabbro and diorite magmatism, andesite to rhyolite volcanism, and fine-grained nonmarine sedimentation in the rift between 20 and 25 Ma, (4) fine-grained marine sedimentation in the rift as the early shelves started to subside in the middle Miocene, and (5) uplift of the adjacent continents (about 3 km) and subsidence of the shelves (about 4 km) between 13.8 and 5 Ma. The youth of the uplift is suggested by 44 fission track dates on apatites from rocks of the Proterozoic Arabian Shield that range in age from 13.8 to 568 Ma. The youngest of these ages, coupled with the present high relief along the Arabian escarpment and published heat flow measurements, indicate that 2.5–4 km uplift has occurred in the last 13.8 m.y. The sequence volcanism/rifting followed by uplift leads to our adoption of a passive mantle model for rift origin. Models that require uplift to create the rift are rejected, because of the late uplift. We advocate a model of lithospheric extension caused by two-dimensional plate stress over those requiring tractional drag at the base of the lithosphere caused by vigorous flow in the asthenosphere. It is acknowledged that traction models could explain the observed data, but they imply a rigid, static lithosphere and seem to require a link between the direction of flow in the asthenosphere and plate motions. Neither requirement is necessary in the extension model. The rift starts with mechanical extension in a narrow zone of lithosphere between 25–32 Ma in our model. The thinned lithosphere is replaced by upwelling asthenosphere and by rocks from the adjacent deep continental lithosphere which flow into the rift. Ductile flow of the deep continental lithosphere is accelerated by partial melting as rocks flow upward toward the rift axis. Once partially melted, rocks formerly part of the continental lithosphere join the upwelling asthenosphere, resulting in a rapid erosion of the lithospheric mantle beneath the continent near the rift edge. The resulting density decrease explains the uplift. We think that the Red Sea began as a consequence of changing plate geometries resulting from the collision of India and Eurasia. After the collision, the segment of the Owens fracture zone north of the Carlsberg Ridge became locked, forcing the northeast corner of Afro/Arabia to rotate with the Indian plate away from the rest of Africa.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB094iB02p01683","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Bohannon, R.G., Naeser, C.W., Schmidt, D.L., and Zimmermann, R., 1989, The timing of uplift, volcanism, and rifting peripheral to the Red Sea: A case for passive rifting?: Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, v. 94, no. B2, p. 1683-1701, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB094iB02p01683.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"1683","endPage":"1701","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223074,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"94","issue":"B2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb103e4b08c986b3251c8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bohannon, R. G.","contributorId":61808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohannon","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Naeser, C. W.","contributorId":17582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naeser","given":"C.","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schmidt, D. L.","contributorId":23934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zimmermann, R.A.","contributorId":106265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimmermann","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70016051,"text":"70016051 - 1989 - Thermal infrared (2.5-13.5 μm) spectroscopic remote sensing of igneous rock types on particulate planetary surfaces","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-02T10:31:38","indexId":"70016051","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2312,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Thermal infrared (2.5-13.5 μm) spectroscopic remote sensing of igneous rock types on particulate planetary surfaces","docAbstract":"Fundamental molecular vibration bands are significantly diminished by scattering. Thus such bands in spectra of fine particulate regoliths (i.e., dominated by <5-μm particles), or regoliths displaying a similar scale of porosity, are difficult to use for mineralogical or rock type identification. Consequently, other spectral features have been sought that may be more useful in spectroscopic remote sensing of composition. We find that mineralogical information is retained in overtones and combination tones of the fundamental molecular vibrations in the 3.0- to 7.0-μm region, but that relatively few minerals have a sufficiently distinctive band structure to be unambiguously identified with currently available techniques. More significantly, identification of general rock type, as defined by the SCFM chemical index (SCFM = SiO2/SiO2 + CaO + FeO + MgO), is possible using spectral features associated with the principal Christiansen frequency and with a region of relative transparency between the Si-O stretching and bending bands. However, environmental factors may affect the appearance and wavelengths of these features. Finally, prominent absorption bands may result from the presence of relatively small amounts of water, hydroxyl or carbonate, because absorption bands exhibited by these materials in the 2.7- to 4.0-μm region, where silicate spectra are otherwise featureless, increase strongly in spectral contrast with decreasing particle size. Such materials are thus detectable in very small amounts in a particulate regolith composed predominantly of silicate minerals.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU Publications","doi":"10.1029/JB094iB07p09192","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Salisbury, J.W., and Walter, L.S., 1989, Thermal infrared (2.5-13.5 μm) spectroscopic remote sensing of igneous rock types on particulate planetary surfaces: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 94, no. B7, p. 9192-9202, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB094iB07p09192.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"9192","endPage":"9202","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223192,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"94","issue":"B7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb228e4b08c986b32562d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Salisbury, John W.","contributorId":96420,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Salisbury","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walter, Louis S.","contributorId":97927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walter","given":"Louis","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}