Simulated results of the coupled freshwater-saltwater sharp interface and convective-dispersive numerical models are compared by using steady-state cross-sectional simulations. The results indicate that in some aquifers the calculated sharp interface is located further landward than would be expected.
","language":"English","publisher":"ScienceDirect","doi":"10.1016/S0167-5648(08)70340-X","usgsCitation":"Hill, M.C., 1988, A comparison of coupled freshwater-saltwater sharp-interface and convective-dispersive models of saltwater intrusion in a layered aquifer system: Developments in Water Science, p. 211-216, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-5648(08)70340-X.","productDescription":"6 p. ","startPage":"211","endPage":"216","costCenters":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342668,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"594a342ae4b062508e36af65","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hill, Mary C. mchill@usgs.gov","contributorId":974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"Mary","email":"mchill@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":698758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":69992,"text":"wri874257 - 1988 - Generalized potentiometric surface of shallow aquifers in southern Mississippi, 1982","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:35","indexId":"wri874257","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4257","title":"Generalized potentiometric surface of shallow aquifers in southern Mississippi, 1982","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri874257","usgsCitation":"Boswell, E.H., and Arthur, J.K., 1988, Generalized potentiometric surface of shallow aquifers in southern Mississippi, 1982: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4257, map, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874257.","productDescription":"map","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":258770,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4257/plate-1.pdf","size":"6898","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":258771,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4257/report.pdf","size":"509","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":258772,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4257/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b25e4b07f02db6aed7f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boswell, E. H.","contributorId":38954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boswell","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Arthur, J. K.","contributorId":56223,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arthur","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70013721,"text":"70013721 - 1988 - Synthesis of late Paleozoic and Mesozoic eolian deposits of the Western Interior of the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-23T16:46:54.732846","indexId":"70013721","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3368,"text":"Sedimentary Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Synthesis of late Paleozoic and Mesozoic eolian deposits of the Western Interior of the United States","docAbstract":"Late Paleozoic and Mesozoic eolian deposits include rock units that were deposited in ergs (eolian sand seas), erg margins and dune fields. They form an important part of Middle Pennsylvanian through Upper Jurassic sedimentary rocks across the Western Interior of the United States. These sedimentary rock units comprise approximately three dozen major eolian-bearing sequences and several smaller ones. Isopach and facies maps and accompanying cross sections indicate that most eolian units display varied geometry and complex facies relations to adjacent non-eolian rocks.
Paleozoic erg deposits are widespread from Montana to Arizona and include Pennsylvanian formations (Weber, Tensleep, Casper and Quadrant Sandstones) chiefly in the Northern and Central Rocky Mountains with some deposits (Hermosa and Supai Groups) on the Colorado Plateau. Lower Permian (Wolfcampian) erg deposits (Weber, Tensleep, Casper, Minnelusa, Ingleside, Cedar Mesa, Elephant Canyon, Queantoweap and Esplanade Formations) are more widespread and thicken into the central Colorado Plateau. Middle Permian (Leonardian I) erg deposits (De Chelly and Schnebly Hill Formations) are distributed across the southern Colorado Plateau on the north edge of the Holbrook basin. Leonardian II erg deposits (Coconino and Glorieta Sandstones) are slightly more widespread on the southern Colorado Plateau. Leonardian III erg deposits formed adjacent to the Toroweap-Kaibab sea in Utah and Arizona (Coconino and White Rim Sandstones) and in north-central Colorado (Lyons Sandstone).
Recognized Triassic eolian deposits include major erg deposits in the Jelm Formation of central Colorado-Wyoming and smaller eolian deposits in the Rock Point Member of the Wingate Sandstone and upper Dolores Formation, both of the Four Corners region. None of these have as yet received a modern or thorough study.
Jurassic deposits of eolian origin extend from the Black Hills to the southern Cordilleran arc terrain. Lower Jurassic intervals include the Jurassic part of the Wingate Sandstone and the Navajo-Aztec-Nugget complex and coeval deposits in the arc terrain to the south and west of the Colorado Plateau. Major Middle Jurassic deposits include the Page Sandstone on the Colorado Plateau and the widespread Entrada Sandstone, Sundance Formation, and coeval deposits. Less extensive eolian deposits occur in the Carmel Formation, Temple Cap Sandstone, Romana Sandstone and Moab Tongue of the Entrada Sandstone, mostly on the central and western Colorado Plateau. Upper Jurassic eolian deposits include the Bluff Sandstone Member and Recapture Member of the Morrison Formation and Junction Creek Sandstone, all of the Four Corners region, and smaller eolian deposits in the Morrison Formation of central Wyoming and apparently coeval Unkpapa Sandstone of the Black Hills.
Late Paleozoic and Mesozoic eolian deposits responded to changing climatic, tectonic and eustatic controls that are documented elsewhere in this volume. All of the eolian deposits are intricately interbedded with non-eolian deposits, including units of fluvial, lacustrine and shallow-marine origin, clearly dispelling the myth that eolian sandstones are simple sheet-like bodies. Rather, these units form some of the most complex bodies in the stratigraphic record.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0037-0738(88)90050-4","issn":"00370738","usgsCitation":"Blakey, R., Peterson, F., and Kocurek, G., 1988, Synthesis of late Paleozoic and Mesozoic eolian deposits of the Western Interior of the United States: Sedimentary Geology, v. 56, no. 1-4, p. 3-125, https://doi.org/10.1016/0037-0738(88)90050-4.","productDescription":"123 p.","startPage":"3","endPage":"125","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219996,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Western Interior","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.23688691457892,\n 46.72509987687408\n ],\n [\n -118.23688691457892,\n 31.343474124109605\n ],\n [\n -102.41490414213115,\n 31.343474124109605\n ],\n [\n -102.41490414213115,\n 46.72509987687408\n ],\n [\n -118.23688691457892,\n 46.72509987687408\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"56","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba355e4b08c986b31fc76","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blakey, R.C.","contributorId":58774,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blakey","given":"R.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peterson, F.","contributorId":93623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kocurek, G.","contributorId":28005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kocurek","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70013746,"text":"70013746 - 1988 - Pennsylvanian to Jurassic eolian transportation systems in the western United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-23T16:41:30.669888","indexId":"70013746","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3368,"text":"Sedimentary Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pennsylvanian to Jurassic eolian transportation systems in the western United States","docAbstract":"Wind directions for Middle Pennsylvanian through Jurassic time are predicted from global circulation models for the western United States. These predictions are compared with paleowind directions interpreted from eolian sandstones of Middle Pennsylvanian through Jurassic age. Predicted regional wind directions correspond with at least three-quarters of the paleowind data from the sandstones; the rest of the data may indicate problems with correlation, local effects of paleogeography on winds, and lack of resolution of the circulation models. The data and predictions suggest the following paleoclimatic developments through the time interval studied: predominance of winter subtropical high-pressure circulation in the Late Pennsylvanian; predominance of summer subtropical high-pressure circulation in the Permian; predominance of summer monsoonal circulation in the Triassic and earliest Jurassic; and, during the remainder of the Jurassic, influence of both summer subtropical and summer monsoonal circulation, with the boundary between the two systems over the western United States. This sequence of climatic changes is largely owing to paleogeographic changes, which influenced the buildup and breakdown of the monsoonal circulation, and possibly owing partly to a decrease in the global temperature gradient, which might have lessened the influence of the subtropical high-pressure circulation. The atypical humidity of Triassic time probably resulted from the monsoonal circulation created by the geography of Pangaea. This circulation is predicted to have been at a maximum in the Triassic and was likely to have been powerful enough to draw moisture along the equator from the ocean to the west.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0037-0738(88)90056-5","issn":"00370738","usgsCitation":"Parrish, J.T., and Peterson, F., 1988, Wind directions predicted from global circulation models and wind directions determined from eolian sandstones of the western United States - A comparison: Sedimentary Geology, v. 56, no. 1-4, p. 261-282, https://doi.org/10.1016/0037-0738(88)90056-5.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"261","endPage":"282","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219820,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"western United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.74621008282108,\n 49.06616805150148\n ],\n [\n -125.43401456721674,\n 39.32461310117381\n ],\n [\n -119.27793710038266,\n 32.56336616144106\n ],\n [\n -115.2334004978079,\n 32.51076568885465\n ],\n [\n -111.20239429606127,\n 31.242030042874426\n ],\n [\n -108.28455707620282,\n 31.304765755873515\n ],\n [\n -108.0292631821473,\n 31.83904781537533\n ],\n [\n -103.76828878610942,\n 29.027187725122783\n ],\n [\n -96.37486337354892,\n 25.26617142567818\n ],\n [\n -95.52119849676404,\n 49.06616805150148\n ],\n [\n -124.74621008282108,\n 49.06616805150148\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"56","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd11fe4b08c986b32f245","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parrish, Judith T.","contributorId":83945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parrish","given":"Judith","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":366803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peterson, F.","contributorId":93623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70014423,"text":"70014423 - 1988 - Age and height distribution of holocene transgressive deposits in eastern North Island, New Zealand","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-11T17:03:37.836386","indexId":"70014423","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2996,"text":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","printIssn":"0031-0182","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Age and height distribution of holocene transgressive deposits in eastern North Island, New Zealand","docAbstract":"Holocene transgressive deposits are frequently exposed near the present-day coastline of the study area along eastern North Island, New Zealand. They occur in sites of former estuaries that were filled during the postglacial rise in sea level. We present one hundred radiocarbon dates of Holocene transgressive deposits from the study area, ranging in age from ca. 10,000 to 5500 yr B.P. Relative sea level curves up to ca. 6000 yr B.P. were reconstructed for six locations. The curves have similar slopes prior to about 7000 yr B.P., indicating that sea level rise was much more rapid than any tectonic uplift at that time.
The postglacial rise in sea level in New Zealand is considered, in general, to have culminated at about 6500 yr B.P. but the upper limit ages of transgressive deposits in our study area vary from ca. 5500 to 7000 yr B.P. At sites where the uplift rate is high the postglacial transgression culminated rather earlier than ca. 6500 yr B.P., and at sites where there is subsidence or there is very low uplift the culmination is later than ca. 6500 yr B.P.
Nine of fourteen dates from fossil trees in growth position, that grew in and were buried by estuarine silt, cluster in the age range ca. 8000–8400 yr B.P. These data support the view that there was a minor regression or stillstand in the eustatic sea level rise at that time.
Eleven tectonic subregions are recognized in the study area on the basis of average uplift rate. Most of these subregions coincide with those established from the number and ages of younger Holocene marine terraces of probable coseismic origin.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0031-0182(88)90036-3","issn":"00310182","usgsCitation":"Ota, Y., Berryman, K., Hull, A., Miyauchi, T., and Iso, N., 1988, Age and height distribution of holocene transgressive deposits in eastern North Island, New Zealand: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 68, no. 2-4, p. 135-151, https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-0182(88)90036-3.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"135","endPage":"151","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225311,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"New Zealand","otherGeospatial":"North Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 178.6417968642865,\n -37.46958737784347\n ],\n [\n 174.6587686953701,\n -37.46958737784347\n ],\n [\n 174.6587686953701,\n -41.87420821870442\n ],\n [\n 178.6417968642865,\n -41.87420821870442\n ],\n [\n 178.6417968642865,\n -37.46958737784347\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"68","issue":"2-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e8dde4b0c8380cd47f17","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ota, Y.","contributorId":22504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ota","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Berryman, K.R.","contributorId":33464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berryman","given":"K.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hull, A.G.","contributorId":9776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hull","given":"A.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Miyauchi, T.","contributorId":97259,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miyauchi","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Iso, N.","contributorId":47095,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iso","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70013677,"text":"70013677 - 1988 - Aftershocks of the western Argentina (Caucete) earthquake of 23 November 1977: Some tectonic implications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-25T15:39:57.896156","indexId":"70013677","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3525,"text":"Tectonophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aftershocks of the western Argentina (Caucete) earthquake of 23 November 1977: Some tectonic implications","docAbstract":"An aftershock survey, using a network of eight portable and two permanent seismographs, was conducted for the western Argentina (Caucete) earthquake (MS 7.3) of November 23, 1977. Monitoring began December 6, almost 2 weeks after the main shock and continued for 11 days. The data set includes 185 aftershock hypocenters that range in the depth from near surface to more than 30 km. The spatial distribution of those events occupied a volume of about 100 km long ×50 km wide ×30 km thick. The volumnar nature of the aftershock distribution is interpreted to be a result of a bimodal distribution of foci that define east- and west-dipping planar zones. Efforts to select which of those zones was associated with the causal faulting include special attention to the determination of the mainshock focal depth and dislocation theory modeling of the coseismic surface deformation in the epicentral region. Our focal depth (25–35 km) and modeling studies lead us to prefer an east-dipping plane as causal. A previous interpretation by other investigators used a shallower focal depth (17 km) and similar modeling calculations in choosing a west-dipping plane. Our selection of the east-dipping plane is physically more appealing because it places fault initiation at the base of the crustal seismogenic layer (rather than in the middle of that layer) which requires fault propagation to be updip (rather than downdip).
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0040-1951(88)90166-7","issn":"00401951","usgsCitation":"Langer, C., and Bollinger, G.A., 1988, Aftershocks of the western Argentina (Caucete) earthquake of 23 November 1977: Some tectonic implications: Tectonophysics, v. 148, no. 1-2, p. 131-146, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(88)90166-7.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"131","endPage":"146","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220157,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Argentina","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -68.31581448033793,\n -31.101424732207356\n ],\n [\n -68.31581448033793,\n -31.99657323096657\n ],\n [\n -67.57002983228087,\n -31.99657323096657\n ],\n [\n -67.57002983228087,\n -31.101424732207356\n ],\n [\n -68.31581448033793,\n -31.101424732207356\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"148","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e8d4e4b0c8380cd47ed3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langer, C.J.","contributorId":31395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langer","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bollinger, G. A.","contributorId":55809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bollinger","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70014450,"text":"70014450 - 1988 - The record of major quaternary sea-level changes in a large coastal plain estuary, Chesapeake Bay, Eastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-11T16:52:11.234529","indexId":"70014450","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2996,"text":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","printIssn":"0031-0182","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The record of major quaternary sea-level changes in a large coastal plain estuary, Chesapeake Bay, Eastern United States","docAbstract":"Seismic-reflection surveys of the Chesapeake Bay, combined with geologic mapping and analysis of boreholes on the Delmarva Peninsula, provide evidence of at least three generations of the Susquehanna River system and three generations of the Chesapeake Bay. The evidence for ancient courses of the Susquehanna River is preserved as three distinct paleochannels, and evidence for ancient versions of the Chesapeake Bay is preserved as three sets of paleochannel fill beneath the bay and three generations of barrier-spit deposits on the southern Delmarva Peninsula. The paleochannels represent relative sea-level minima and the channel-fill and barrier-spit deposits represents relative sea-level maxima. A history of three major marine transgressions is recorded in the stratigraphy preserved in the filled paleochannels and in the overlying barrier-spit complexes: three systematic progressions from fluvial to estuarine to bay or nearshore marine environments. This sea-level record seems to be compatible with the saw-toothed pattern of the marine oxygen-isotope record and with the concept of glacial-interglacial terminations. It also seems to have a climax character in which most of the preserved evidence is related to the largest terminations and to the extreme sea-level positions that bound those terminations. The three paleochannel-fill and barrier-spit complexes appear to correspond to oxygen-isotope stages 1,5, and either 7 or 11; the three related paleochannels correspond to stages 2, 6, and either 8 or 12.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0031-0182(88)90033-8","issn":"00310182","usgsCitation":"Colman, S.M., and Mixon, R.B., 1988, The record of major quaternary sea-level changes in a large coastal plain estuary, Chesapeake Bay, Eastern United States: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 68, no. 2-4, p. 99-116, https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-0182(88)90033-8.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"99","endPage":"116","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225707,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Delaware, Maryland, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Chesapeake Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.78228094710327,\n 39.68226146153455\n ],\n [\n -76.78228094710327,\n 36.90652610059247\n ],\n [\n -75.63167839669876,\n 36.90652610059247\n ],\n [\n -75.63167839669876,\n 39.68226146153455\n ],\n [\n -76.78228094710327,\n 39.68226146153455\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"68","issue":"2-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baefce4b08c986b32448f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Colman, Steven M. 0000-0002-0564-9576","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0564-9576","contributorId":77482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colman","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":368422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mixon, R. B.","contributorId":11235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mixon","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70013812,"text":"70013812 - 1988 - Suspended sediment transport under estuarine tidal channel conditions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-23T16:06:21.592373","indexId":"70013812","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3368,"text":"Sedimentary Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Suspended sediment transport under estuarine tidal channel conditions","docAbstract":"A modified version of the GEOPROBE tripod has been used to monitor flow conditions and suspended sediment distribution in the bottom boundary layer of a tidal channel within San Francisco Bay, California. Measurements were made every 15 minutes over three successive tidal cycles. They included mean velocity profiles from four electromagnetic current meters within 1 m of the seabed; mean suspended sediment concentration profiles from seven miniature nephelometers operated within 1 m of the seabed; near-bottom pressure fluctuations; vertical temperature gradient; and bottom photographs. Additionally, suspended sediment was sampled from four levels within 1 m of the seabed three times during each successive flood and ebb cycle. While the instrument was deployed, STD-nephelometer measurements were made throughout the water column, water samples were collected each 1–2 hours, and bottom sediment was sampled at the deployment site.
From these measurements, estimates were made of particle settling velocity (ws) from size distributions of the suspended sediment, friction velocity (U*
Vivianite [Fe3(PO4)2·8H2O] is often found in the form of nodules composed of spherical aggregates of crystals. Crystallization of vivianite in agar gels of various concentrations yield crystal aggregates (nodules) that have spherical morphology and a bimodal size distribution. The aggregates were formed under both biotic and abiotic conditions. When special redox cells fitted with electrodes were used, more perfect spherical structures were formed when the electrodes were shorted than when they were on open circuit.
In nature, vivianite nodules generally are found in sediments or clays that are gelatinous, often caused by the presence of organic debris. A model consistent with experimental observations and based on the dynamics of gels is proposed to explain a possible origin of nodular vivianite. To maintain iron and phosphate concentrations in sedimentary pore spaces filled with gel-like organic debris, the electric field spanning the aerobic-anerobic zones in the upper sediments may be an important driving force in addition to diffusion. It is suggested that the combination of the gel medium in the pore spaces and the natural electric field in the upper sediments could be contributing causes to explain the spherical aggregates of vivianite crystals found in nature.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0037-0738(88)90103-0","issn":"00370738","usgsCitation":"Zelibor, J., Senftle, F.E., and Reinhardt, J., 1988, A proposed mechanism for the formation of spherical vivianite crystal aggregates in sediments: Sedimentary Geology, v. 59, no. 1-2, p. 125-142, https://doi.org/10.1016/0037-0738(88)90103-0.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"125","endPage":"142","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219878,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"59","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e516e4b0c8380cd46b03","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zelibor, J.L. Jr.","contributorId":91622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zelibor","given":"J.L.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Senftle, F. E.","contributorId":47788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senftle","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reinhardt, J.L.","contributorId":63162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reinhardt","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70014698,"text":"70014698 - 1988 - Fossil diatoms and neogene paleolimnology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-11T16:41:05.590909","indexId":"70014698","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2996,"text":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","printIssn":"0031-0182","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fossil diatoms and neogene paleolimnology","docAbstract":"Diatoms have played an important role in the development of Neogene continental biostratigraphy and paleolimnology since the mid-19th Century. The history of progress in Quaternary diatom biostratigraphy has developed as a result of improved coring techniques that enable sampling sediments beneath existing lakes coupled with improved chronological control (including radiometric dating and varve enumeration), improved statistical treatment of fossil diatom assemblages (from qualitative description to influx calculations of diatom numbers or volumes), and improved ecological information about analogous living diatom associations. The last factor, diatom ecology, is the most critical in many ways, but progresses slowly. Fortunately, statistical comparison of modern diatom assemblages and insightful studies of the nutrient requirements of some common freshwater species are enabling diatom paleolimnologists to make more detailed interpretations of the Quaternary record than had been possible earlier, and progress in the field of diatom biology and ecology will continue to refine paleolimnological studies.
The greater age and geologic setting of Tertiary diatomaceous deposits has prompted their study in the contexts of geologic history, biochronology and evolution. The distribution of diatoms of marine affinities in continental deposits has given geologists insights about tectonism and sea-level change, and the distribution of distinctive (extinct?) diatoms has found utilization both in making stratigraphic correlations between outcrops of diatomaceous deposits and in various types of biochronological studies that involve dating deposits in different areas.
A continental diatom biochronologic scheme will rely upon evolution, such as the appearance of new genera within a family, in combination with regional environmental changes that are responsible for the wide distribution of distinctive diatom species. The increased use of the scanning electron microscope for the detailed descriptions of fossil diatoms will provide the basis for making more accurate correlations and identifications, and the micromorphological detail for speculations about evolutionary relationships.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0031-0182(88)90059-4","issn":"00310182","usgsCitation":"Platt, B.J., 1988, Fossil diatoms and neogene paleolimnology: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 62, no. 1-4, p. 299-316, https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-0182(88)90059-4.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"299","endPage":"316","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225396,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"62","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1385e4b0c8380cd546a5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Platt, Bradbury J.","contributorId":67651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Platt","given":"Bradbury","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70013679,"text":"70013679 - 1988 - Seismic anisotropy in mylonites: An example from the Mannin Thrust Zone, southwest Connemara, Ireland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-21T16:51:12.560282","indexId":"70013679","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3525,"text":"Tectonophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismic anisotropy in mylonites: An example from the Mannin Thrust Zone, southwest Connemara, Ireland","docAbstract":"Mylonites associated with the Mannin Thrust zone of southwesternmost Connemara formed when the high-grade metamorphic rocks typical of most of the Connemara massif were thrust to the southeast over low metamorphic grade (low greenschist facies?) acid volcanics and volcaniclastic sediments, while being metamorphosed in the epidote-amphibolite facies. Triaxial and biaxial ultrasonic velocity measurements of mylonite specimens from a 240 m borehole have established that there is significant seismic anisotropy up to about 11% when comparing velocities perpendicular and parallel to the foliation. This would ultimately lead to a reflection coefficient of about 0.02 when comparing the mean \"isotropic\" seismic velocity with that perpendicular to the foliation. The finely striped, discontinunous mineral lithons that define mylonitic foliation, but which form no real and continuous surfaces, could interact with seismic energy to produce \"reflections\" that do not relate to lithological contacts within the rocks but to a tectonically induced, orientated acoustic impedance. However, the results support the work of others in suggesting that on its own the fabric would not produce the high amplitude reflections observed on deep seismic lines and other mechanisms need to be investigated.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0040-1951(88)90158-8","issn":"00401951","usgsCitation":"Chroston, P., and Max, M., 1988, Seismic anisotropy in mylonites: An example from the Mannin Thrust Zone, southwest Connemara, Ireland: Tectonophysics, v. 148, no. 1-2, p. 29-39, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(88)90158-8.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"29","endPage":"39","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220159,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Ireland","otherGeospatial":"southwest Connemara","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -10.178048845149362,\n 53.47804179943043\n ],\n [\n -10.178048845149362,\n 53.0460178660762\n ],\n [\n -8.890870973237725,\n 53.0460178660762\n ],\n [\n -8.890870973237725,\n 53.47804179943043\n ],\n [\n -10.178048845149362,\n 53.47804179943043\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"148","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8af3e4b08c986b3174b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chroston, P.N.","contributorId":30356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chroston","given":"P.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Max, M.D.","contributorId":17366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Max","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70014862,"text":"70014862 - 1988 - Paleolimnology of Lake Tubutulik, an iron-meromictic Eocene Lake, eastern Seward Peninsula, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-23T15:58:13.829338","indexId":"70014862","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3368,"text":"Sedimentary Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Paleolimnology of Lake Tubutulik, an iron-meromictic Eocene Lake, eastern Seward Peninsula, Alaska","docAbstract":"Sideritic lacustrine mudstone was found in drill core from a uranium deposit in the Death Valley area in the eastern part of the Seward Peninsula, Alaska. The precursor sediments for this rock were deposited in an unusual “iron-meromictic” Eocene lake, herein named Lake Tubutulik, which occupied part of the Boulder Creek basin, a structural graben that is probably a southern extension of the larger Death Valley basin. The Boulder Creek basin is bounded on the west by granite of the Late Cretaceous Darby Pluton, on the east by Precambrian to Paleozoic metasedimentary rocks. The lake basin was formed by basaltic flows that dammed the river valley of the ancestral Tubutulik River in early Eocene time. Lake Tubutulik contained a nearshore facies of fine-grained organic mud and an offshore facies of laminated sideritic mud. The offshore (profundal) laminated mudstone consists of alternating layers of authigenic siderite and detrital layers containing mostly quartz and clay minerals. Both lacustrine facies contain turbidities. The lacustrine sediments graded laterally into an onshore facies of colluvial and fluvial sandstone, paludal mudstone, and coal.
The ancient lake apparently occupied a small deep basin in a tectonically active area of high relief. Meromixus was probably stabilized by reduced iron and bicarbonate dissolved in the monimolimnion. The intensity of meromixus decreased as the lake became shallower from sediment filling. The source of the iron, abundant in the monimolimnion of Lake Tubutulik, was probably the Eocene basalt. Based on carbon isotope analysis of the siderite, the dissolved bicarbonate in the profundal facies was largely inorganic. Sideritic carbon in one sample from the onshore paludal facies has an isotopic signature (δ13C = +16.9) consistent with residual carbon formed during methanogenic fermentation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0037-0738(88)90038-3","issn":"00370738","usgsCitation":"Dickinson, K.A., 1988, Paleolimnology of Lake Tubutulik, an iron-meromictic Eocene Lake, eastern Seward Peninsula, Alaska: Sedimentary Geology, v. 54, no. 4, p. 303-320, https://doi.org/10.1016/0037-0738(88)90038-3.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"303","endPage":"320","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225798,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"eastern Seward Peninsula","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -168.56866198677457,\n 66.86135114826158\n ],\n [\n -168.56866198677457,\n 64.30825678061103\n ],\n [\n -160.65347847293947,\n 64.30825678061103\n ],\n [\n -160.65347847293947,\n 66.86135114826158\n ],\n [\n -168.56866198677457,\n 66.86135114826158\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"54","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a73ffe4b0c8380cd7739b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dickinson, Kendall A.","contributorId":293002,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dickinson","given":"Kendall","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70014114,"text":"70014114 - 1988 - Lacustrine varve formation through time","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-12T15:24:39.839502","indexId":"70014114","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2996,"text":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","printIssn":"0031-0182","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lacustrine varve formation through time","docAbstract":"Studies using sediment traps in lakes reveal that the seasonal flux of sediment regulates both the composition and timing of deposition of materials that reach the bottoms of lakes. If the bottom waters of a lake are partly or totally anoxic, the seasonally deposited materials are preserved as annual groupings of laminae (varves). Common components that form individual laminae consist of allochthonous clastic material derived from the drainage basin, precipitated carbonate minerals, diatom frustules, iron-rich and manganese-rich flocs, autochthonous organic detritus, and autochthonous and allochthonous materials resuspended from the bottom.
The \"style\" of varving has changed over geologic time, reflecting changes in biologic evolution and types of materials available. Precipitated iron-rich laminations were common in the middle Precambrian. Graded sets of clastic organic laminations persisted through the Precambrian, prior to the evolution of bioturbating benthic organisms. Glaciolacustrine varves appear to have retained their distinctive character through time. Carbonate-rich varves occurred sporadically in the Precambrian and Phanerozoic.
With the exception of diatoms, major components of modern lacustrine varves were present through the Paleozoic and Mesozoic, and yet varves are rare in strata of these ages, and may have accumulated in marine to brackish-water environments. Diatoms were introduced into lacustrine systems in Early Tertiary time and are common components of varves from then on. Diatom laminae, combined with a greater chance for geologic preservation of younger lake deposits, have increased the number of geologically young occurrences of varved sediments. However, seasonal associations of modern varve components, and the processes they represent, are present in ancient deposits and provide clues to the interpretation of ancient environments.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0031-0182(88)90055-7","issn":"00310182","usgsCitation":"Anderson, R., and Dean, W., 1988, Lacustrine varve formation through time: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 62, no. 1-4, p. 215-235, https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-0182(88)90055-7.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"215","endPage":"235","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225233,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"62","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4130e4b0c8380cd65379","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, R.Y.","contributorId":22789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"R.Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dean, W.E.","contributorId":97099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dean","given":"W.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70013773,"text":"70013773 - 1988 - Pin stripe lamination: A distinctive feature of modern and ancient eolian sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-23T16:10:11.908431","indexId":"70013773","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3368,"text":"Sedimentary Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pin stripe lamination: A distinctive feature of modern and ancient eolian sediments","docAbstract":"Pin stripe laminations are a distinctive feature of modern and ancient eolian sediments. In sets of eolian ripple (or translatent) strata they represent deposition of silt and very fine sand in the troughs of the advancing wind ripples. In sets of avalanche strata they probably result from the downward settling of fine sand and silt within the moving avalanche to the interface of moving and unmoving sands. Wind tunnel experiments suggest that pin stripe laminations can also form in grainfall deposits. The textural segregation associated with deposition of the fine layers in most cases leads to early cementation along and near the finest sand and silt comprising the pin stripe lamination. The pin stripe effect seen in outcrops is usually due to resistance to weathering along such cemented zones. The cementation of the pin stripe laminations can occur early in the history of diagenesis and thus may provide clues to the post-depositional history of the rock. Pin stripe laminations in many instances represent the sequestering of the small population of ultrafine sediment present in most eolian depositional systems. They may prove useful in the recognition of ancient eolian sediments.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0037-0738(88)90087-5","issn":"00370738","usgsCitation":"Fryberger, S., and Schenk, C.J., 1988, Pin stripe lamination: A distinctive feature of modern and ancient eolian sediments: Sedimentary Geology, v. 55, no. 1-2, p. 1-15, https://doi.org/10.1016/0037-0738(88)90087-5.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220056,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"55","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7b69e4b0c8380cd7942c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fryberger, S.G.","contributorId":47405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fryberger","given":"S.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schenk, Christopher J. 0000-0002-0248-7305","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0248-7305","contributorId":72344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schenk","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":366837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70013733,"text":"70013733 - 1988 - An improved dark-object subtraction technique for atmospheric scattering correction of multispectral data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-17T15:54:35.25532","indexId":"70013733","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An improved dark-object subtraction technique for atmospheric scattering correction of multispectral data","docAbstract":"Digital analysis of remotely sensed data has become an important component of many earth-science studies. These data are often processed through a set of preprocessing or “clean-up” routines that includes a correction for atmospheric scattering, often called haze. Various methods to correct or remove the additive haze component have been developed, including the widely used dark-object subtraction technique. A problem with most of these methods is that the haze values for each spectral band are selected independently. This can create problems because atmospheric scattering is highly wavelength-dependent in the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum and the scattering values are correlated with each other. Therefore, multispectral data such as from the Landsat Thematic Mapper and Multispectral Scanner must be corrected with haze values that are spectral band dependent. An improved dark-object subtraction technique is demonstrated that allows the user to select a relative atmospheric scattering model to predict the haze values for all the spectral bands from a selected starting band haze value. The improved method normalizes the predicted haze values for the different gain and offset parameters used by the imaging system. Examples of haze value differences between the old and improved methods for Thematic Mapper Bands 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 7 are 40.0, 13.0, 12.0, 8.0, 5.0, and 2.0 vs. 40.0, 13.2, 8.9, 4.9, 16.7, and 3.3, respectively, using a relative scattering model of a clear atmosphere. In one Landsat multispectral scanner image the haze value differences for Bands 4, 5, 6, and 7 were 30.0, 50.0, 50.0, and 40.0 for the old method vs. 30.0, 34.4, 43.6, and 6.4 for the new method using a relative scattering model of a hazy atmosphere.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0034-4257(88)90019-3","issn":"00344257","usgsCitation":"Chavez, P.S., 1988, An improved dark-object subtraction technique for atmospheric scattering correction of multispectral data: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 24, no. 3, p. 459-479, https://doi.org/10.1016/0034-4257(88)90019-3.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"459","endPage":"479","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220218,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"northern Arizona","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.51428402871795,\n 35.76132241917742\n ],\n [\n -112.51428402871795,\n 35.12484483192148\n ],\n [\n -111.06027608212764,\n 35.12484483192148\n ],\n [\n -111.06027608212764,\n 35.76132241917742\n ],\n [\n -112.51428402871795,\n 35.76132241917742\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"24","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ea6ee4b0c8380cd48869","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chavez, Pat S. Jr.","contributorId":39870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chavez","given":"Pat","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70013680,"text":"70013680 - 1988 - Use of airborne imaging spectrometer data to map minerals associated with hydrothermally altered rocks in the northern Grapevine Mountains, Nevada, and California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-17T16:03:26.450169","indexId":"70013680","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of airborne imaging spectrometer data to map minerals associated with hydrothermally altered rocks in the northern Grapevine Mountains, Nevada, and California","docAbstract":"Three flightlines of Airborne Imaging Spectrometer (AIS) data, acquired over the northern Grapevine Mountains, Nevada, and California, were used to map minerals associated with hydrothermally altered rocks. The data were processed to remove vertical striping, normalized using an equal area normalization, and reduced to reflectance relative to an average spectrum derived from the data. An algorithm was developed to automatically calculate the absorption band parameters band position, band depth, and band width for the strongest absorption feature in each pixel. These parameters were mapped into an intensity, hue, saturation (IHS) color system to produce a single color image that summarized the absorption band information, This image was used to map areas of potential alteration based upon the predicted relationships between the color image and mineral absorption band. Individual AIS spectra for these areas were then examined to identify specific minerals. Two types of alteration were mapped with the AIS data. Areas of quartz-sericite-pyrite alteration were identified based upon a strong absorption feature near 2.21 μm, a weak shoulder near 2.25 μm, and a weak absorption band near 2.35 μm caused by sericite (fine-grained muscovite). Areas of argillic alteration were defined based on the presence of montmorillonite, identified by a weak to moderate absorption feature near 2.21 μm and the absence of the 2.35 μm band. Montmorillonite could not be identified in mineral mixtures. Calcite and dolomite were identified based on sharp absorption features near 2.34 and 2.32 μm, respectively. Areas of alteration identified using the AIS data corresponded well with areas mapped using field mapping, field reflectance spectra, and laboratory spectral measurements.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0034-4257(88)90004-1","issn":"00344257","usgsCitation":"Kruse, F., 1988, Use of airborne imaging spectrometer data to map minerals associated with hydrothermally altered rocks in the northern Grapevine Mountains, Nevada, and California: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 24, no. 1, p. 31-51, https://doi.org/10.1016/0034-4257(88)90004-1.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"31","endPage":"51","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220213,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","otherGeospatial":"northern Grapevine Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.25035077426466,\n 37.014559377695576\n ],\n [\n -117.25035077426466,\n 36.75769172696985\n ],\n [\n -116.86542089423386,\n 36.75769172696985\n ],\n [\n -116.86542089423386,\n 37.014559377695576\n ],\n [\n -117.25035077426466,\n 37.014559377695576\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"24","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbeaee4b08c986b329711","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kruse, F.A.","contributorId":30676,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kruse","given":"F.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70013760,"text":"70013760 - 1988 - Early diagenesis of eolian dune and interdune sands at White Sands, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-23T16:19:14.125018","indexId":"70013760","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3368,"text":"Sedimentary Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Early diagenesis of eolian dune and interdune sands at White Sands, New Mexico","docAbstract":"The degree of early diagenesis in eolian dune and interdune sands at White Sands, New Mexico, is largely a function of the relationship between sand location and the water table. Most active and vegetation-stabilized dune sands are in the vadose zone, whereas interdune sands are in the capillary fringe and phreatic zones. Crystallographically controlled dissolution of the framework gypsum grains results in elongate, prismatic etch pits on sand grains from the capillary fringe and phreatic zones, whereas dissolution of sand grains in the vadose zone is slight, causing minute irregularities on grain surfaces.
Vadose water percolating through the sand is manifest as meniscus layers. Consequently, dune sands in the vadose zone are cemented mainly by meniscus-shaped gypsum at grain contacts. Pendant cements formed on the lower margins of some sand grains. Cementation in the capillary fringe and the phreatic zone is more extensive than the vadose regardless of strata type. Typically, well-developed gypsum overgrowths form along the entire edge of a grain, or may encompass the entire grain. Complex diagenetic histories are suggested by multiple overgrowths and several episodes of dissolution on single grains, attesting to changing saturation levels with respect to gypsum in the shallow ground water. These changes in saturation are possibly due to periods of dilution by meteoric recharge, alternating with periods of concentration of ions and the formation of cement due to evaporation through the capillary fringe.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0037-0738(88)90092-9","issn":"00370738","usgsCitation":"Schenk, C.J., and Fryberger, S., 1988, Early diagenesis of eolian dune and interdune sands at White Sands, New Mexico: Sedimentary Geology, v. 55, no. 1-2, p. 109-120, https://doi.org/10.1016/0037-0738(88)90092-9.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"109","endPage":"120","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219822,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.48854065888752,\n 32.87286451238498\n ],\n [\n -106.48854065888752,\n 32.6572284496867\n ],\n [\n -106.13210103388018,\n 32.6572284496867\n ],\n [\n -106.13210103388018,\n 32.87286451238498\n ],\n [\n -106.48854065888752,\n 32.87286451238498\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"55","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0483e4b0c8380cd50a18","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schenk, Christopher J. 0000-0002-0248-7305","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0248-7305","contributorId":72344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schenk","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":366808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fryberger, S.G.","contributorId":47405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fryberger","given":"S.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70013759,"text":"70013759 - 1988 - Daily cycles in coastal dunes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-23T16:26:32.627866","indexId":"70013759","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3368,"text":"Sedimentary Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Daily cycles in coastal dunes","docAbstract":"Daily cycles of summer sea breezes produce distinctive cyclic foreset deposits in dune sands of the Texas and Oregon coasts. In both areas the winds are strong enough to transport sand only during part of the day, reach a peak during the afternoon, and vary little in direction during the period of sand transport. Cyclicity in the foreset deposits is made evident by variations in the type of sedimentary structure, the texture, and the heavy-mineral content of the sand. Some of the cyclic deposits are made up entirely of one basic type of structure, in which the character of the structure varies cyclically; for example, the angle of climb in a climbing-wind-ripple structure may vary cyclically. Other cyclic deposits are characterized by alternations of two or more structural types. Variations in the concentration of fine-grained heavy minerals, which account for the most striking cyclicity, arise mainly because of segregation on wind-rippled depositional surfaces: where the ripples climb at low angles, the coarsegrained light minerals, which accumulate preferentially on ripple crests, tend to be excluded from the local deposit. Daily cyclic deposits are thickest and best developed on small dunes and are least recognizable near the bases of large dunes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0037-0738(88)90089-9","issn":"00370738","usgsCitation":"Hunter, R.E., and Richmond, B.M., 1988, Daily cycles in coastal dunes: Sedimentary Geology, v. 55, no. 1-2, p. 43-67, https://doi.org/10.1016/0037-0738(88)90089-9.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"43","endPage":"67","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219821,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Oregon, Texas","volume":"55","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fd59e4b0c8380cd4e7ba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hunter, R. E.","contributorId":48148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunter","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Richmond, Bruce M. 0000-0002-0056-5832 brichmond@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0056-5832","contributorId":2459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richmond","given":"Bruce","email":"brichmond@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":366806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70014318,"text":"70014318 - 1988 - Refined Proterozoic evolution of the Gawler Craton, South Australia, through U-Pb zircon geochronology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-26T15:25:06.333175","indexId":"70014318","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3112,"text":"Precambrian Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Refined Proterozoic evolution of the Gawler Craton, South Australia, through U-Pb zircon geochronology","docAbstract":"Through the application of both conventional U-Pb zircon analyses and small-sample U-Pb isotopic analyses, the nature and timing of tectonic events leading to the formation of the Gawler Craton have been defined more precisely. Constraints on deposition of Early Proterozoic iron formation-bearing sediments have been narrowed down to the period 1960-1847 Ma. Deformed acid volcanics, including the economically important Moonta Porphyry, have zircon ages of ∼ 1790 and 1740 Ma. The voluminous acid Gawler Range Volcanics and correlatives to the east were erupted over a short interval at 1592 ± 2 Ma, and were intruded by anorogenic granites at ∼ 1575 Ma. Small-sample zircon analyses proved to be an extremely valuable adjunct to conventional analyses, generally yielding more-concordant data which forced a curved discordia through an upper intercept slightly younger than from a conventional straight-line discordia.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0301-9268(88)90076-9","issn":"03019268","usgsCitation":"Fanning, C., Flint, R., Parker, A., Ludwig, K., and Blissett, A., 1988, Refined Proterozoic evolution of the Gawler Craton, South Australia, through U-Pb zircon geochronology: Precambrian Research, v. 40-41, p. 363-386, https://doi.org/10.1016/0301-9268(88)90076-9.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"363","endPage":"386","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225374,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Australia","otherGeospatial":"South Australia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 132.93122492920077,\n -28.70185698962701\n ],\n [\n 132.93122492920077,\n -34.9424835265532\n ],\n [\n 137.8807542898237,\n -34.9424835265532\n ],\n [\n 137.8807542898237,\n -28.70185698962701\n ],\n [\n 132.93122492920077,\n -28.70185698962701\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"40-41","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a432e4b0e8fec6cdbaa7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fanning, C.M.","contributorId":82434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fanning","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flint, R.B.","contributorId":89288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"R.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Parker, A.J.","contributorId":106651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parker","given":"A.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ludwig, K.R.","contributorId":97112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ludwig","given":"K.R.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":368107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Blissett, A.H.","contributorId":20915,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blissett","given":"A.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70014727,"text":"70014727 - 1988 - Precambrian ophiolites of Arabia: Geologic settings, U Pb geochronology, Pb-isotope characteristics, and implications for continental accretion","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-26T15:11:50.486173","indexId":"70014727","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3112,"text":"Precambrian Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Precambrian ophiolites of Arabia: Geologic settings, U Pb geochronology, Pb-isotope characteristics, and implications for continental accretion","docAbstract":"Disrupted ophiolites occur in linear belts up to 900 km long between microplates that collided during the late Proterozoic to form the Arabian Shield. UPb zircon ages and Pb-isotope data from these ophiolitic rocks help constrain the history of accretion of the Arabian Shield and thereby contribute to the definition of its microplates and terranes. Terranes of the central and western Arabian Shield are generally thought to represent intraoceanic island arcs that range in age from about 900 to 640 Ma; however, a region of the eastern Arabian Shield contains rocks of Early Proterozoic age and may represent an exotic continental fragment entrained between the arc complexes.
Ophiolites of the Yanbu suture (northwestern shield), dated by UPb (zircon) and SmNd (mineral isochron) methods, yield model ages of 740–780 Ma. These are among the oldest well-dated rocks in the northwestern Arabian Shield. Ages from the Jabal al Wask complex overlap with ages of adjacent arc rocks. This overlap in age supports geologic and geochemical evidence that the Wask complex represents a fragment of back-arc oceanic lithosphere formed during arc magmatism. Older ages of about 780 Ma for gabbro from the Jabal Ess ophiolite suggest that the ophiolite is either a fragment of fore-arc oceanic crust or oceanic basement on which an arc was built.
Gabbro samples from ophiolites of the Bir Umq suture (west-central Arabian Shield) yield zircons with ages of 820–870 Ma and
Plagiogranite from the Bir Tuluhah ophiolitic complex at the northern end of the 900 km-long Nabitah mobile belt was dated by the zircon U Pb method at ∼ 830 Ma. This date is in the range of the oldest dated arc rocks along the northern and central parts of the Nabitah suture, but is ∼ 100 Ma older than the oldest arc plutons (tonalites) associated with the southern part of the belt. These age relations suggest that the northern part of the Nabitah belt contains an extension of the Bir Umq suture that was transposed parallel to the Nabitah trend during collision of the arc terranes of the northwest Arabian Shield with the Afif plate to the east.
Feldspar lead-isotope data from the ophiolites are of three types: (1) lead from the ophiolitic rocks and arc tonalites of the northwestern Shield and ophiolitic rocks of the Nabitah suture is similar to lead in modern mid-ocean ridge basalt, (2) anomalous radiogenic data from the Thurwah ophiolite are from rocks that contain zircons from pre-late Proterozoic continental crust, and (3) feldspar from the Urd ophiolite shows retarded uranogenic lead growth and is related either to an anomalous and perhaps primitive oceanic mantle source, or in an unknown manner to ancient continental mantle or lower crust of the eastern Arabian Shield.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0301-9268(88)90092-7","issn":"03019268","usgsCitation":"Pallister, J., Stacey, J.S., Fischer, L.B., and Premo, W.R., 1988, Precambrian ophiolites of Arabia: Geologic settings, U Pb geochronology, Pb-isotope characteristics, and implications for continental accretion: Precambrian Research, v. 38, no. 1, p. 1-54, https://doi.org/10.1016/0301-9268(88)90092-7.","productDescription":"54 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"54","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225972,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Saudi Arabia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 35.05297344331822,\n 29.16738485317299\n ],\n [\n 35.05297344331822,\n 16.88173319337257\n ],\n [\n 44.92770230319408,\n 16.88173319337257\n ],\n [\n 44.92770230319408,\n 29.16738485317299\n ],\n [\n 35.05297344331822,\n 29.16738485317299\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"38","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8105e4b0c8380cd7b312","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pallister, J.S.","contributorId":46534,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pallister","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stacey, J. S.","contributorId":72785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stacey","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fischer, L. B.","contributorId":107293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fischer","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Premo, W. R. 0000-0001-9904-4801","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9904-4801","contributorId":22782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Premo","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70204856,"text":"70204856 - 1988 - Biological measurements and related chemical features in Soviet and United States regions of the Bering Sea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-20T09:23:27","indexId":"70204856","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-04T09:16:46","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1333,"text":"Continental Shelf Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Biological measurements and related chemical features in Soviet and United States regions of the Bering Sea","docAbstract":"The U.S. results of a joint U.S.-U.S.S.R. expedition to the Bering Sea in 1984 investigated the chemical and biological interactions in the south, east, north and west regions. The nutrients, phytoplankton biomass and primary productivity were enhanced near the ends of a north-south transect of stations. The southern end of the transect had characteristics of the North Pacific Ocean with high nutrient and low phytoplankton concentrations and an elevated concentration of peridinin indicative of dinoflagellates.
The middle station of the transect, near the shelf break, had low nutrients and phytoplankton in the upper euphotic zone, but a submerged chlorophyll bmaximum indicated green algae was located on the upper boundary of high ammonium concentration and pycnocline. The north end of the transect over the shelf at mid-depth on the boundary of high nitrate and ammonium concentrations produced the highest primary production. Pigment analysis (chlorophyll a, diadinoxanthin and fucoxanthin) indicated the dominance of diatoms and was coincidental to oxygen saturation values as large as 150%. The highest phaeophorbide a concentrations were also observed in this area, suggesting relatively high grazing stress. Measurements of low molecular weight hydrocarbons also suggest high microbiological degradation rates of organic matter in the sediments in the north region. Overall, this research strongly relates nutrient, oxygen and pigment concentrations to the production, decomposition and recycling processes in the open ocean and shelf areas of the Bering Sea.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0278-4343(88)90042-8","usgsCitation":"Whitledge, T., Bidigare, R., Zeeman, S.O., Sambrotto, R.N., Roscigno, P.F., Jensen, P.R., Brooks, J.M., Trees, C., and Veldt, D.M., 1988, Biological measurements and related chemical features in Soviet and United States regions of the Bering Sea: Continental Shelf Research, v. 8, no. 12, p. 1299-1319, https://doi.org/10.1016/0278-4343(88)90042-8.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"1299","endPage":"1319","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":366680,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Russia, United States","otherGeospatial":"Bering Sea","volume":"8","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Whitledge, T.E.","contributorId":86458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitledge","given":"T.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":768759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bidigare, R.R.","contributorId":13757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bidigare","given":"R.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":768760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zeeman, Stephan O.","contributorId":218232,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zeeman","given":"Stephan","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":768761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sambrotto, R. N.","contributorId":216222,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sambrotto","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":768762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Roscigno, Pasquale F.","contributorId":214752,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roscigno","given":"Pasquale","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":768763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jensen, Paul R.","contributorId":218233,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jensen","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":768764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Brooks, James M.","contributorId":52867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooks","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":768765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Trees, Charles","contributorId":218234,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Trees","given":"Charles","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":768766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Veldt, Denise M.","contributorId":218235,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Veldt","given":"Denise","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":768767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70014342,"text":"70014342 - 1988 - Lognormal kriging for the assessment of reliability in groundwater quality control observation networks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-23T16:53:46.443201","indexId":"70014342","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lognormal kriging for the assessment of reliability in groundwater quality control observation networks","docAbstract":"Groundwater quality observation networks are examples of discontinuous sampling on variables presenting spatial continuity and highly skewed frequency distributions. Anywhere in the aquifer, lognormal kriging provides estimates of the variable being sampled and a standard error of the estimate. The average and the maximum standard error within the network can be used to dynamically improve the network sampling efficiency or find a design able to assure a given reliability level. The approach does not require the formulation of any physical model for the aquifer or any actual sampling of hypothetical configurations. A case study is presented using the network monitoring salty water intrusion into the Llobregat delta confined aquifer, Barcelona, Spain. The variable chloride concentration used to trace the intrusion exhibits sudden changes within short distances which make the standard error fairly invariable to changes in sampling pattern and to substantial fluctuations in the number of wells.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0022-1694(88)90006-6","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Candela, L., Olea, R., and Custodio, E., 1988, Lognormal kriging for the assessment of reliability in groundwater quality control observation networks: Journal of Hydrology, v. 103, no. 1-2, p. 67-84, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(88)90006-6.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"67","endPage":"84","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225889,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"103","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a494ae4b0c8380cd684be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Candela, L.","contributorId":18913,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Candela","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Olea, Ricardo A. 0000-0003-4308-0808","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4308-0808","contributorId":26436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olea","given":"Ricardo A.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":368162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Custodio, E.","contributorId":42366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Custodio","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70013678,"text":"70013678 - 1988 - Experimental studies in stream-aquifer interaction along the Arkansas River in Central Kansas - Field testing and analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-23T16:40:17.779193","indexId":"70013678","displayToPublicDate":"2003-03-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Experimental studies in stream-aquifer interaction along the Arkansas River in Central Kansas - Field testing and analysis","docAbstract":"During the last several years, streamflows of a number of Kansas streams have been reduced as a result of groundwater declines. In order to better understand and quantify stream-aquifer interrelationships, an eight-day comprehensive stream-aquifer pumping test, followed by recovery monitoring, was conducted along the Arkansas River near Great Bend, Kansas. In addition to water level monitoring in numerous observation wells, streamflow data, streambed hydraulic gradients, neutron probe-based water content of dewatered sediments, water chemistry and other data were collected. The alluvial aquifer is shown to be highly transmissive (T = 1803 m2d−1) with the pumping stress (9538 m3d−1) having a radius of influence larger than 1.77 km, impacting both the aquifer levels and the streamflow in the nearby Arkansas River. Drawdown and recharge boundary effects were observed in all observation wells, including those on the opposite side of the river. The alluvial aquifer did not exhibit a water table behavior and responded as a leaky confined aquifer. A semiconfining clay layer less than 3 m thick and an additional recharge source from a nearby stream-alluvial system were the probable causes of the observed phenomena. Actual streamflow depletion is shown to be appreciably less than the computed depletion based on analytical solutions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0022-1694(88)90017-0","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Sophocleous, M., Townsend, M., Vogler, L., McClain, T., Marks, E., and Coble, G., 1988, Experimental studies in stream-aquifer interaction along the Arkansas River in Central Kansas - Field testing and analysis: Journal of Hydrology, v. 98, no. 3-4, p. 249-273, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(88)90017-0.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"249","endPage":"273","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220158,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","city":"Great Bend","otherGeospatial":"Arkansas River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98.85991437326487,\n 38.37778375097983\n ],\n [\n -98.85991437326487,\n 38.31437297701257\n ],\n [\n -98.70912129291908,\n 38.31437297701257\n ],\n [\n -98.70912129291908,\n 38.37778375097983\n ],\n [\n -98.85991437326487,\n 38.37778375097983\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"98","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0de0e4b0c8380cd5322c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sophocleous, M.","contributorId":13373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sophocleous","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Townsend, M.A.","contributorId":88785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Townsend","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vogler, L.D.","contributorId":11069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vogler","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McClain, T.J.","contributorId":48246,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McClain","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Marks, E.T.","contributorId":19844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marks","given":"E.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Coble, G.R.","contributorId":19034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coble","given":"G.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70013670,"text":"70013670 - 1988 - Pumping tests in nonuniform aquifers - The radially symmetric case","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-23T16:48:32.451815","indexId":"70013670","displayToPublicDate":"2003-03-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pumping tests in nonuniform aquifers - The radially symmetric case","docAbstract":"Traditionally, pumping-test-analysis methodology has been limited to applications involving aquifers whose properties are assumed uniform in space. This work attempts to assess the applicability of analytical methodology to a broader class of units with spatially varying properties. An examination of flow behavior in a simple configuration consisting of pumping from the center of a circular disk embedded in a matrix of differing properties is the basis for this investigation. A solution describing flow in this configuration is obtained through Laplace-transform techniques using analytical and numerical inversion schemes. Approaches for the calculation of flow properties in conditions that can be roughly represented by this simple configuration are proposed. Possible applications include a wide variety of geologic structures, as well as the case of a well skin resulting from drilling or development. Of more importance than the specifics of these techniques for analysis of water-level responses is the insight into flow behavior during a pumping test that is provided by the large-time form of the derived solution. The solution reveals that drawdown during a pumping test can be considered to consist of two components that are dependent and independent of near-well properties, respectively. Such an interpretation of pumping-test drawdown allows some general conclusions to be drawn concerning the relationship between parameters calculated using analytical approaches based on curve-matching and those calculated using approaches based on the slope of a semilog straight line plot. The infinite-series truncation that underlies the semilog analytical approaches is shown to remove further contributions of near-well material to total drawdown. In addition, the semilog distance-drawdown approach is shown to yield an expression that is equivalent to the Thiem equation. These results allow some general recommendations to be made concerning observation-well placement for pumping tests in nonuniform aquifers. The relative diffusivity of material on either side of a discontinuity is shown to be the major factor in controlling flow behavior during the period in which the front of the cone of depression is moving across the discontinuity. Though resulting from an analysis of flow in an idealized configuration, the insights of this work into flow behavior during a pumping test are applicable to a wide class of nonuniform units.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0022-1694(88)90025-X","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Butler, J., 1988, Pumping tests in nonuniform aquifers - The radially symmetric case: Journal of Hydrology, v. 101, no. 1-4, p. 15-30, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(88)90025-X.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"15","endPage":"30","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220049,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"101","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9035e4b0c8380cd7fbd3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Butler, J.J. Jr.","contributorId":12194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butler","given":"J.J.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}